196 lines
24 KiB
XML
196 lines
24 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="C18D26B9EED7F22A83B28EFB11819F78">Revision of the genus Glyptoxanthus A. Milne-Edwards, 1879, and establishment of Glyptoxanthinae nov. subfam. (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Xanthidae)</mods:title>
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<emphasis id="B925EAC22672FFC143B8FEC7FEBFFECE" bold="true" box="[151,329,285,311]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Glyptoxanthus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B212672FFC1427FFEC7FD89FECE" author="Milne-Edwards" box="[336,639,285,311]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" refString="Milne-Edwards, A. (1879) Etudes sur les Crustaces Podophthalmaires de la region mexicaine. In: Mission scientifique du Mexique, Recherches zoologiques pour servir a l'histoire de la faune de Amerique Centrale et du Mexique, (5) 1, 225 - 312, pls. 40 - 54." type="journal article" year="1879">A. Milne-Edwards, 1879</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B925EAC22672FFC143B8FEBEFEDDFE83" box="[151,299,356,378]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Glyptoxanthus</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF010C12672FFC1421FFEBEFD96FE80" author="Milne-Edwards" box="[304,608,355,377]" page="253" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" year="1879">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B212672FFC1421FFEBEFDD8FE80" author="Milne-Edwards" box="[304,558,355,377]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" refString="Milne-Edwards, A. (1879) Etudes sur les Crustaces Podophthalmaires de la region mexicaine. In: Mission scientifique du Mexique, Recherches zoologiques pour servir a l'histoire de la faune de Amerique Centrale et du Mexique, (5) 1, 225 - 312, pls. 40 - 54." type="journal article" year="1879">A. Milne-Edwards, 1879</bibRefCitation>
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: 253
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</taxonomicName>
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. —
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF010C12672FFC141ACFEB9FCC3FE80" author="Bouvier" box="[643,821,355,377]" page="62" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" year="1922">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B212672FFC141ACFEB9FCF9FE80" author="Bouvier" box="[643,783,355,377]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" refString="Bouvier, E. L. (1922) Observations complementaires sur les Crustaces Decapodes (abstraction fait des Carides) provenant des campagnes de S. A. S. le Prince de Monaco. In: Resultats Campagnes Scientifiques du Prince Albert de Monaco, fasc. LXII, 106 pp., 6 pls." type="book" year="1922">Bouvier 1922</bibRefCitation>
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: 62
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</treatmentCitation>
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. —
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF010C12672FFC14077FEB9FBEDFE80" author="Rathbun" box="[856,1051,355,377]" page="263" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" year="1930">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B212672FFC14077FEB9FC1FFE80" author="Rathbun" box="[856,1001,355,377]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" refString="Rathbun, M. J. (1930) The cancroid crabs of America of the families Euryalidae, Portunidae, Atelecyclidae, Cancridae, and Xanthidae. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 152, 1 - 609." type="journal article" year="1930">Rathbun 1930</bibRefCitation>
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: 263
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</treatmentCitation>
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. —
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF010C12672FFC14711FEB9FB2EFE80" author="Garth" box="[1086,1240,355,377]" page="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" year="1939">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B212672FFC14711FEB9FB45FE80" author="Garth" box="[1086,1203,355,377]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" refString="Garth, J. S. (1939) New brachyuran crabs from the Galapagos Islands. Allan Hancock Expeditions, 5 (2), 9 - 49, pls. 1 - 10." type="journal article" year="1939">Garth 1939</bibRefCitation>
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: 15
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</treatmentCitation>
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; 1946: 437. —
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF010C12672FFC14641FEB9FEA0FE61" author="Guinot" page="554" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" year="1967">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B212672FFC14641FEB9FED5FE61" author="Guinot" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" refString="Guinot, D. (1967) Recherches preliminaires sur les groupements naturels chez les Crustaces Decapodes Brachyoures. III. A propos des affinites des genre Dairoides Stebbing et Daira de Haan. Bulletin du Museum national d'Histoire naurelle, 2 e serie, 39 (3), 540 - 563." type="journal article" year="1967">Guinot 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 554
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
; 1971: 1072; 1979: 65. —
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF010C12672FFC1414FFE58FC54FE61" author="Manning" box="[608,930,386,408]" page="135" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" year="1981">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B212672FFC1414FFE58FC99FE61" author="Manning" box="[608,879,386,408]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" refString="Manning, R. B. & Holthuis, L. B. (1981) West African brachyuran crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, No. 306, i - xii, 1 - 379." type="book chapter" year="1981">Manning & Holthuis 1981</bibRefCitation>
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: 135
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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. —
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF010C12672FFC140EAFE58FB9AFE61" author="Serene" box="[965,1132,386,408]" page="81" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" year="1984">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B212672FFC140EAFE58FBB0FE61" author="Serene" box="[965,1094,386,408]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" refString="Serene, R. (1984) Crustaces Decapodes Brachyoures de l'ocean Indien occidental et de la mer Rouge. Xanthoidea: Xanthidae et Trapeziidae. Avec un addendum par A. Crosnier: Carpiliidae et Menippidae. Faune tropicale, 24, 1 - 400, Pls. 1 - 48." type="journal article" year="1984">Serène 1984</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 81
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
. —
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AF010C12672FFC147BFFE58FAACFE61" author="Williams" box="[1168,1370,386,408]" page="398" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" year="1984">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B212672FFC147BFFE58FADEFE61" author="Williams" box="[1168,1320,386,408]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" refString="Williams, A. B. (1984) Shrimps, Lobsters, and Crabs of the Atlantic Coast of the Eastern United States, Maine to Florida. Washington, D. C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. 550 pp." type="book" year="1984">Williams 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 398
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. —Ng
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||
<emphasis id="B925EAC22672FFC143E8FE78FF04FE4E" box="[199,242,417,439]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">et al</emphasis>
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||
. 2008: 199 (list). —
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AF010C12672FFC142EDFE78FD4AFE4E" author="De" box="[450,700,417,439]" page="43" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" year="2009">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B212672FFC142EDFE78FD6FFE4E" author="De" box="[450,665,417,439]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" refString="De Grave, S., Pentcheff, N. D., Ahyong, S. T., Chan, T. - Y., Crandall, K. A., Dworschak, P. C., Felder, D. L., Feldmann, R. M., Fransen, C. H. J. M., Goulding, L. Y. D., Lemaitre, R., Low, M. E. Y., Martin, J. W., Ng, P. K. L., Schweitzer, C. W. L., Tan, S. H., Tshudy, D. & Wetzer, R. (2009) A classification of living and fossil genera of decapod crustaceans. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, Suppl. No. 21, 1 - 109." type="book chapter" year="2009">
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||
De Grave
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EAC22672FFC14105FE78FDA0FE4E" box="[554,598,417,439]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">et al</emphasis>
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||
. 2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 43
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(list).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36D02672FFC143B8FE1BFDBAFE2F" blockId="4.[151,1436,355,531]" box="[151,588,448,470]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
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<emphasis id="B925EAC22672FFC143B8FE1BFF24FE2F" box="[151,210,449,470]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Actäa</emphasis>
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||
(in part),
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B212672FFC14218FE1AFE13FE2C" author="Klunzinger" box="[311,485,448,470]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" refString="Klunzinger, C. B. (1913) Die Rundkrabben (Cyclometopa) des Roten Meeres. Abhandlungen der kaiserlich Leop. - Carol. Deutschen Akademie der Naturforscher Halle 2, 97 - 402 [1 - 306], pls. 5 - 11 [1 - 7]." type="journal article" year="1913">Klunzinger 1913</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 185 [89].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36D02672FFC143B8FE05FDEDFE0D" blockId="4.[151,1436,355,531]" box="[151,539,478,500]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4111FE2672FFC143B8FE05FDEDFE0D" box="[151,539,478,500]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D532672FFC143B8FE05FF2BFE0D" ID-CoL="7NDZJ" box="[151,221,479,500]" class="Malacostraca" family="Xanthidae" genus="Actaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B925EAC22672FFC143B8FE05FF2BFE0D" box="[151,221,479,500]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Actaea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(in part),
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF010C12672FFC1426DFE04FE19FE0D" author="Odhner" box="[322,495,478,500]" page="35" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" year="1925">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B212672FFC1426DFE04FE3CFE0D" author="Odhner" box="[322,458,478,500]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" refString="Odhner, T. (1925) Monographierte Gattungen der Krabben-familie Xanthidae. I. Goteborgs Kungliga Vetenskaps- och Vitterhets-Samhalles Handlingar, (4) 29 (1), 1 - 92, figs. 1 - 7, pls. 1 - 5." type="journal article" year="1925">Odhner 1925</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 35
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
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, 57.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36D02672FFC143B8FE24FCD1FDEB" blockId="4.[151,1436,355,531]" box="[151,807,509,531]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4111FE2672FFC143B8FE24FCD1FDEB" box="[151,807,509,531]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D532672FFC143B8FE24FDBBFDEB" authority="Monod 1956: 219" authorityName="Monod" authorityPageNumber="219" authorityYear="1956" box="[151,589,509,531]" class="Malacostraca" family="Xanthidae" genus="Actaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Glyptoxanthus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EAC22672FFC143B8FE24FF2BFDEA" box="[151,221,510,531]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Actaea</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
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<emphasis id="B925EAC22672FFC143C3FE27FE76FDEA" box="[236,384,509,531]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Glyptoxanthus</emphasis>
|
||
),
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AF010C12672FFC142BBFE27FDBBFDEB" author="Monod" box="[404,589,509,531]" page="219" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" year="1956">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B212672FFC142BBFE27FDEDFDEA" author="Monod" box="[404,539,509,531]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" refString="Monod, T. (1956) Hippidea et Brachyura ouest-africaines. Memoires de l'Institut Fondamental d'Afrique Noire, 45, 1 - 674." type="journal article" year="1956">Monod 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 219
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. —
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AF010C12672FFC1415EFE27FCD2FDEB" author="Serene" box="[625,804,509,531]" page="198" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" year="1961">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B212672FFC1415EFE27FD07FDEA" author="Serene" box="[625,753,509,531]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" refString="Serene, R. (1961) Les especes indo-pacifiques d' Actea et celles des genres Pseudactea et Banareia (1 e partie). Bulletin de la Societe zoologique de France, 86 (2 - 3), 195 - 212." type="journal article" year="1961">Serène 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 198
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C34B655B2672FFC143B8FD9AFAC0FDAE" box="[151,1334,575,600]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BEE36D02672FFC143B8FD9AFAC0FDAE" blockId="4.[151,1436,575,1932]" box="[151,1334,575,600]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
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<emphasis id="B925EAC22672FFC143B8FD9AFEDDFDA1" bold="true" box="[151,299,575,600]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
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<typeStatus id="54EA88722672FFC143B8FD9AFF24FDA1" box="[151,210,576,600]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
species
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C514D532672FFC14216FD9AFD72FDAE" authority="Stimpson, 1859" authorityName="Stimpson" authorityYear="1859" box="[313,644,575,600]" class="Malacostraca" family="Xanthidae" genus="Actaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erosa">
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||
<emphasis id="B925EAC22672FFC14216FD9AFE3CFDA1" box="[313,458,576,600]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Actaea erosa</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B212672FFC142FDFDE5FD72FDAE" author="Stimpson" box="[466,644,575,599]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" refString="Stimpson, W. (1859) Notes on North American Crustacea, No. 1. Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History of New York, 7, 49 - 93." type="journal article" year="1859">Stimpson, 1859</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, subsequent designation by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B212672FFC14091FDE5FBA9FDAE" author="Rathbun" box="[958,1119,575,599]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" refString="Rathbun, M. J. (1930) The cancroid crabs of America of the families Euryalidae, Portunidae, Atelecyclidae, Cancridae, and Xanthidae. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 152, 1 - 609." type="journal article" year="1930">Rathbun 1930</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; gender masculine.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34B655B2672FFC143E8FDB9FB06F969" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36D02672FFC143E8FDB9FAB5FC8E" blockId="4.[151,1436,575,1932]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EAC22672FFC143E8FDB9FEB7FD85" bold="true" box="[199,321,611,636]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Carapace transversely ovate, broader than long, width-to-length ratio about 1.4, thick when viewed head-on or from the side; regions more-or-less defined but often entirely or partially coalesced, dorsal surface typically ornamented with prominent ridges formed by fused granules, arranged in regular reticulate or vermiculate patterns, surrounded by dense setae; cervical groove between gastro-cardiac and branchial regions deep. Front deflexed, quadrilobate, with deep median notch and deep, lateral concavities on anterior margin. Anterolateral margins long, arcuate, divided into 4 low lobes, anterior part descending toward buccal cavity; posterolateral margins shorter, deeply concave; posterior margin straight. Suborbital regions eroded; subhepatic and pterygostomian regions granulate, setose, subhepatic region with narrow canals continuing from furrows on dorsal surface.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36D02672FFC143EAFC5EFABEFBA9" blockId="4.[151,1436,575,1932]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Orbits small, round. Antennules folding obliquely. Anterior part of proepistome touching and almost protruding through deep, median notch of front. Basal article of antenna large, subtrapezoidal, advanced ventrally, and not sunken between front and infraorbital tooth; flagellum short, entering orbital hiatus. Epistome small, posterior margin with 2 prominent notches laterally. Posterior part of endostome with prominent oblique ridges. Lacinia of mxp1 not produced transversely. Mxp3 eroded; anterior margin of merus deeply notched; ischium with deep, submedian sulcus; mesial margin of exopod bulging into matching concavity on ischium, distal end deflected laterally.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36D02672FFC143EAFB86FA88FAFD" blockId="4.[151,1436,575,1932]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Thoracic sternum narrow, deeply eroded, often with reticulate sculpturing; sternite 1 and 2 completely fused, separated from sternite 3 by deep suture; sternite 3 and 4 partially fused at center; median cavity on sternite 4 just anterior to male telson, with short median line within; sterno-abdominal cavity deep; press-button prominent, placed on posterior half of sternite 5; sternite 7 narrow, with anterior portion slightly larger than episternite, which in turn locks very firmly with lateral expansions of abdominal somite 3; sternite 8 entirely covered by abdomen.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36D02672FFC143EAFAD5FD58FA4E" blockId="4.[151,1436,575,1932]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Pereopods very tightly coapted to the carapace and to one another. Chelipeds equal, robust, fingers stout and blunt; external surfaces of carpus and palm with granulate, vermiculate lobules surrounded by short setae and deep furrows; merus short, granulate; dactylus and fixed finger with deep, longitudinal channels on external surface, with large, granulate tuberosity on supero-proximal end of dactylus. Ambulatory legs short, flattened; sculpturing on external surfaces similar to that in chelipeds.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36D02672FFC143EAFA1EFAE6F9B1" blockId="4.[151,1436,575,1932]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Male abdomen long, constricted at junction of somites 5 and 6, tip of telson just reaching level of coxo-sternal condyles of cheliped coxae; outer surface with pronounced transverse ridges and vermiculations; somites 3–5 immovably fused, but with sutures visible and complete on external surface; somite 3 with abrupt lateral expansions, equipped with cupuliform depressions which receive and interlock with episternite of sternite 7.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36D02672FFC143EAF98EFB06F969" blockId="4.[151,1436,575,1932]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">G1 long, slender, bluntly tipped, opening apically; distal half armed with spiniform tubercles, sometimes with short, simple setae, never with long, plumose, subterminal setae. G2 about one-fourth length of G1.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34B655B2672FFC143E8F946FBCFF875" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36D02672FFC143E8F946FBCFF875" blockId="4.[151,1436,575,1932]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EAC22672FFC143E8F946FECDF94D" bold="true" box="[199,315,1692,1716]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C514D532672FFC1426AF946FE1FF94D" box="[325,489,1692,1716]" class="Malacostraca" family="Xanthidae" genus="Glyptoxanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EAC22672FFC1426AF946FE1FF94D" box="[325,489,1692,1716]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Glyptoxanthus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species are rare to uncommon, and are usually found from the intertidal zone to moderate depths (
|
||
<quantity id="4CA99B352672FFC1424FF91AFE4DF921" box="[352,443,1728,1752]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" unit="m" value="45.0" valueMax="90.0" valueMin="0.0">0–90 m</quantity>
|
||
), usually in rocky substrate, and distributed along the western and eastern coasts of the Americas, the Caribbean Sea, the western coast of Africa, and the Red Sea. The different taxa are easily separable by the pattern of the vermiculations on the dorsal surface of the carapace. Their live coloration (variegated or mottled) and their morphology suggest that they are probably sedentary, relying on camouflage to avoid potential predators. Not much is known about their ecology, save for some remarks on the nature of the substrates and the depths from which they have been sampled (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B212672FFC1415CF8AEFD02F875" author="Garth" box="[627,756,1908,1932]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" refString="Garth, J. S. (1946) Littoral brachyuran fauna of the Galapagos Archipelago. Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions, 5 (10), i - iv, 341 - 600, pls. 49 - 87." type="journal article" year="1946">Garth 1946</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B212672FFC1402FF8AEFBDAF875" author="Manning" box="[768,1068,1908,1932]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" refString="Manning, R. B. & Holthuis, L. B. (1981) West African brachyuran crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, No. 306, i - xii, 1 - 379." type="book chapter" year="1981">Manning & Holthuis 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |