156 lines
18 KiB
XML
156 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document id="8BC14B3B72A6039764ABB78BA9BE4F41" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3860.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ceb30f74-c770-4952-859a-9d3a84a5e087" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="287059" ID-ZooBank="FDFD1014-8DDA-4EED-A385-95FA4F964CFC" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460903466920" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Eguchi, Katsuyuki, Viet, Bui Tuan & Yamane, Seiki" docDate="2014" docId="03F8878BFF9EFFF4F5EAFA08465DFD36" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03860p046.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3860 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Euponera Forel 1891" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="33" masterDocId="FFC1FFF3FF81FFD4F57DFFFF445AFFC9" masterDocTitle="Generic Synopsis of the Formicidae of Vietnam (Insecta: Hymenoptera), Part II — Cerapachyinae, Aenictinae, Dorylinae, Leptanillinae, Amblyoponinae, Ponerinae, Ectatomminae and Proceratiinae" masterLastPageNumber="46" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="32" updateTime="1698360472837" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="131D47525E95306D262004A03B9B5BA8" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="F8B16E695610FBAF026D2995C7A18634">
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<mods:title id="1D5709AC7F7327FA87240428C89BE6BF">Generic Synopsis of the Formicidae of Vietnam (Insecta: Hymenoptera), Part II — Cerapachyinae, Aenictinae, Dorylinae, Leptanillinae, Amblyoponinae, Ponerinae, Ectatomminae and Proceratiinae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="DDCA7B6B75F2DA56176563E80442B27A" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="03119CB66300120A737C3FCC3626D904">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="4F9C7568B729287E413C9597F13B4234">Eguchi, Katsuyuki</mods:namePart>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="2EA676D8C71DDBC95563240C65A99525">Viet, Bui Tuan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="6BE9A2380A865EDA6B699BA32121B66C" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="17201ACA3D8DCE3B26F05C0E4820CE69">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="5D3AFE1D73416133C1F81C1BFBA937EF">Yamane, Seiki</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="FB6EA08CEE331AC04749EDA571424A7D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="420CC90860E10A19AEDA6625DBCF19BD">
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<mods:title id="ECF15F3DBFE90C811CA345F5CC518470">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="36206CA50BBE171BF68ACE43037A9F35">
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<mods:date id="2010F5A7D4B30BCC0D9B4273259E59DC">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="9DEC880BF4A1B25F19F50D9790A59EB8" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="22F6314DE60DE56AA8A825B2E2F18BAA">3860</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="FB0F79099E2B340AE7FFE64A1712491F" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="774DA7F32E672337D2D27FC9F76353E0">1</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="34A282C202EB2B06F0AB548815886E1C">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="FCDCAE0C5A09FBA850E90F8C3F89E8EB" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3860.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="FC52029F02D201C5B9E2867BB4020943" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F8878BFF9EFFF4F5EAFA08465DFD36" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6124699" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127669761" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6124699" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F8878BFF9EFFF4F5EAFA08465DFD36" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F8878BFF9EFFF4F5EAFA08465DFD36" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<subSubSection id="C34B6516FF9EFFF4F5EAFA08465DFD36" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BEE369DFF9EFFCBF5EAFA0845F8F9DB" blockId="31.[151,418,1527,1554]" box="[151,418,1527,1554]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<heading id="D0A681F1FF9EFFCBF5EAFA0845F8F9DB" bold="true" box="[151,418,1527,1554]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D1EFF9EFFCBF5EAFA0845F8F9DB" authority="Forel, 1891" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1891" box="[151,418,1527,1554]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Euponera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFF9EFFCBF5EAFA0845F8F9DB" bold="true" box="[151,418,1527,1554]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFF9EFFCBF5EAFA08454AF9D8" bold="true" box="[151,272,1527,1553]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Euponera</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B6CFF9EFFCBF46BFA0745F8F9DB" author="Forel" box="[278,418,1528,1554]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refString="Forel, A. (1891) Les Formicides. [part]. In: Grandidier, A. (Ed.), Histoire physique, naturelle, et politique de Madagascar. Vol. XX. Histoire naturelle des Hymenopteres. Deuxieme partie (28 e fascicule), Hachette et Cie, Paris, v + 237 pp." type="book" year="1891">Forel, 1891</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE369DFF9EFFCBF5EAF9C14101F90A" blockId="31.[151,1437,1598,2019]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFF9EFFCBF5EAF9C14540F99E" bold="true" box="[151,282,1598,1623]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D1EFF9EFFCBF45DF9C045D5F99F" box="[288,399,1599,1622]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Euponera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFF9EFFCBF45DF9C045D5F99F" box="[288,399,1599,1622]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Euponera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was established as a subgenus of
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D1EFF9EFFCBF677F9C04706F99F" box="[778,860,1599,1622]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Ponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFF9EFFCBF677F9C04706F99F" box="[778,860,1599,1622]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Ponera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and raised to genus by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B6CFF9EFFCBF116F9C0414DF99E" author="Emery" box="[1131,1303,1599,1623]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refString="Emery, C. (1901 a) Notes sur les sous-familles des Dorylines et Ponerines (Famille des Formicides). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 45, 32 - 54" type="journal article" year="1901" yearSuffix="a">Emery (1901a)</bibRefCitation>
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. It was then synonymized with
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D1EFF9EFFCBF40CF99C464AF9B2" box="[369,528,1635,1659]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pachycondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFF9EFFCBF40CF99C464AF9B2" box="[369,528,1635,1659]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Pachycondyla</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by Brown in
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B6CFF9EFFCBF7C8F99D4702F9B2" author="Bolton" box="[693,856,1634,1659]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refString="Bolton, B. (1994) Identification Guide to the Ant Genera of the World. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts and London, England, 222 pp." type="book" year="1994">Bolton (1994)</bibRefCitation>
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, and assigned to the tribe
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D1EFF9EFFCBF1F1F99D41C2F9B2" authority="(Bolton 2003)" baseAuthorityName="Bolton" baseAuthorityYear="2003" box="[1164,1432,1634,1659]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Ponerini">
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Ponerini (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B6CFF9EFFCBF181F99D41CBF9B2" author="Bolton" box="[1276,1425,1634,1659]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refString="Bolton, B. (2003) Synopsis and classification of Formicidae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, 71, 1 - 370." type="journal article" year="2003">Bolton 2003</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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. However, based on a recent molecular phylogenetic analysis (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B6CFF9EFFCBF62FF97947AFF956" author="Schmidt" box="[850,1013,1670,1695]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refString="Schmidt, C. (2013) Molecular phylogenetics of ponerine ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Ponerinae). Zootaxa, 3647 (2), 201 - 250. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3647.2.1" type="journal article" year="2013">Schmidt 2013</bibRefCitation>
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),
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B6CFF9EFFCBF174F979411AF956" author="Schmidt" box="[1033,1344,1670,1695]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refString="Schmidt, C. A. & Shattuck, S. O. (2014) The higher classification of the ant subfamily Ponerinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), with a review of ponerine ecology and behavior. Zootaxa, 3817 (1), 1 - 242. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3817.1.1" type="journal article" year="2014">Schmidt & Shattuck (2014)</bibRefCitation>
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revived
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D1EFF9EFFCBF5EAF954455CF90B" box="[151,262,1707,1730]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Euponera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFF9EFFCBF5EAF954455CF90B" box="[151,262,1707,1730]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Euponera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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as an independent genus, and placed it under the
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D1EFF9EFFCBF64CF9544781F90A" box="[817,987,1707,1731]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontomachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFF9EFFCBF64CF9544781F90A" box="[817,987,1707,1731]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Odontomachus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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genus group of the tribe
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D1EFF9EFFCBF189F955410CF90A" box="[1268,1366,1706,1731]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Ponerini">Ponerini</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE369DFF9EFFCBF5BAF93141C7F92E" blockId="31.[151,1437,1598,2019]" box="[199,1437,1742,1767]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFF9EFFCBF5BAF931453AF92E" bold="true" box="[199,352,1742,1767]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Morphology.</emphasis>
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Workers of Vietnamese species have the following features (see also
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B6CFF9EFFCBF117F93141CAF92E" author="Schmidt" box="[1130,1424,1742,1767]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refString="Schmidt, C. A. & Shattuck, S. O. (2014) The higher classification of the ant subfamily Ponerinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), with a review of ponerine ecology and behavior. Zootaxa, 3817 (1), 1 - 242. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3817.1.1" type="journal article" year="2014">Schmidt & Shattuck 2014</bibRefCitation>
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):
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE369DFF9EFFF4F5BAF90D47D5FE64" blockId="31.[151,1437,1598,2019]" lastBlockId="32.[151,1437,151,501]" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Worker monomorphic; head in full-face view subrectangular; preoccipital carina absent dorsally; frontal lobes horizontal, separated from each other just with a longitudinal sulcus; antennal scrobe absent; median portion of clypeus with a median longitudinal ridge; anteromedian margin of clypeus roundly convex, but with a weak median emargination; mandible subtriangular, with ca. 8 teeth on masticatory margin; basal portion of mandible with a distinct pit dorsolaterally; antenna 12-segmented, gradually incrassate from segment III to XII; eye small to moderate in size, located on side of head close to mandibular insertion; mesosoma in lateral view usually with a straight or weakly convex dorsal outline; promesonotal suture completely separating pronotum from mesonotum; metanotal groove absent; mesopleuron separated well from mesonotum and metapleuron with distinct sutures, not divided by a transverse groove; propodeum unarmed; orifice of propodeal spiracle slit-like; propodeal lobe very low or almost absent; apicoventral part of foretibia with a small simple spur behind a large pectinate spur; apicoventral part of mid and hind tibiae with a simple spur in front of a large pectinate spur; outer surface of middle tibia with normal pilosity only; petiole without anterior peduncle; petiolar node squamiform, in lateral view high and relatively thick; subpetiolar process trapezoidal, without an anterior fenestra/fovea and a pair of teeth; girdling constriction between abdominal segments III and IV relatively distinct; abdominal sternite III usually with a distinct anteroventral flange beneath helcium; sting well developed.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE369DFFA1FFF4F5BAFE4847EAFE3C" blockId="32.[151,1437,151,501]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA1FFF4F5BAFE484525FE19" bold="true" box="[199,383,439,464]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Differentiation.</emphasis>
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The worker of
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D1EFFA1FFF4F756FE4646C3FE19" box="[555,665,441,464]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Euponera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA1FFF4F756FE4646C3FE19" box="[555,665,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Euponera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is somewhat similar to that of the smaller species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D1EFFA1FFF4F19AFE4641CFFE19" box="[1255,1429,441,464]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Ectomomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA1FFF4F19AFE4641CFFE19" box="[1255,1429,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Ectomomyrmex</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but in the latter the basal portion of mandible lacks a pit dorsolaterally.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE369DFFA1FFF4F5BAFDDB464AFDF4" blockId="32.[199,528,548,573]" box="[199,528,548,573]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA1FFF4F5BAFDDB464AFDF4" bold="true" box="[199,528,548,573]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Vietnamese species (3 spp.).</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE369DFFA1FFF4F5BAFD974617FD52" blockId="32.[199,1145,614,698]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D1EFFA1FFF4F5BAFD97465DFDB5" authority="Donisthorpe, 1947" authorityName="Donisthorpe" authorityYear="1947" box="[199,519,614,637]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Ectomomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandis">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA1FFF4F5BAFD97456AFDB5" box="[199,304,614,637]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">E. grandis</emphasis>
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(Donisthorpe, 1947)
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<typeStatus id="54EA883FFFA1FFF4F76CFD984619FDB5" box="[529,579,615,636]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Type</typeStatus>
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locality: Yen Bay,
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<collectingCountry id="F346760DFFA1FFF4F679FD994711FDB5" box="[772,843,614,636]" name="Vietnam" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Tonkin</collectingCountry>
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[Yen Bai, northern
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<collectingCountry id="F346760DFFA1FFF4F169FD99402AFDB5" box="[1044,1136,614,636]" name="Vietnam" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
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].
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D1EFFA1FFF4F5BAFD7945E9FD52" authority="Forel, 1901" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1901" box="[199,435,645,667]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Ectomomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sharpi">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA1FFF4F5BAFD79457EFD52" box="[199,292,645,667]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">E. sharpi</emphasis>
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(Forel, 1901)
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</taxonomicName>
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. Rad (Ha Noi).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE369DFFA1FFF4F5BAFD5A4695FD73" blockId="32.[199,1145,614,698]" box="[199,719,676,698]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA1FFF4F5BAFD5A4484FD73" box="[199,222,677,698]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">E.</emphasis>
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sp. eg-1 [cf.
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D1EFFA1FFF4F41FFD5A466CFD73" authority="Wheeler" authorityName="Wheeler" box="[354,566,676,698]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Ectomomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilosior">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA1FFF4F41FFD5A459DFD73" box="[354,455,676,698]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">E pilosior</emphasis>
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(Wheeler)
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</taxonomicName>
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] (Tay Yen Tu).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE369DFFA1FFF4F5BAFD19465DFD36" blockId="32.[199,519,742,767]" box="[199,519,742,767]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA1FFF4F5BAFD194510FD36" bold="true" box="[199,330,742,767]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Bionomics.</emphasis>
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No information.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |