181 lines
21 KiB
XML
181 lines
21 KiB
XML
<document id="760C3DDA14004D62BDC3E584F7F9F153" ID-DOI="10.18590/euscorpius.2008.vol2008.iss73.1" ID-ISSN="1536-9307" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1721359451436" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Lourenço, Wilson R." docDate="2008" docId="03CA878E7807FFEAFC6081BDFED92FDF" docLanguage="en" docName="Euscorpius.73.1-14.pdf" docOrigin="Euscorpius 73 (73)" docSource="https://mds.marshall.edu/euscorpius/vol2008/iss73/1/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:05AD4CDCECA6C90C60787CEF3EC4672A.3:Euscorpius.2002-2019.journal_article" docStyleId="05AD4CDCECA6C90C60787CEF3EC4672A" docStyleName="Euscorpius.2002-2019.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Rhopalurus pintoi subsp. kourouensis Lourenço, 2008, ssp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="B72D0AC2-D091-4F57-80D4-A7CC00D31EFB" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="12" masterDocId="FFF3FFF6780DFFE7FFE9816DFFE22C5C" masterDocTitle="The geographic pattern of distribution of the genus Rhopalurus Thorell, 1876 in the Guayana-Amazon region (Scorpiones: Buthidae)" masterLastPageNumber="14" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="9" updateTime="1721379918792" updateUser="GgImagineBatch" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="60BD480C995157988F7CFC8C5B217071">The geographic pattern of distribution of the genus Rhopalurus Thorell, 1876 in the Guayana-Amazon region (Scorpiones: Buthidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="DBD630B91794C927888098230446D5E7">Lourenço, Wilson R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="CD5FC4FEF9E1E4718E51B0C3DA0735DA">Euscorpius</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="D092CF5DB141C472651F1BF038C40E43">
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<mods:date id="38E25075AC4A471F77D1B45043CF6F55">2008</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="18BF7FEEB3D6C30A8E2E64E3F17D1B4D">2008-12-31</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="E639F9A9E4C9EE7A046978010E6E58D1">73</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="5AABAB35B43205018381EA44BBE9A427" type="DOI">10.18590/euscorpius.2008.vol2008.iss73.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03CA878E7807FFEAFC6081BDFED92FDF" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B72D0AC2-D091-4F57-80D4-A7CC00D31EFB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CA878E7807FFEAFC6081BDFED92FDF" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
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<subSubSection id="C37965137807FFEDFC6081BDFAB42CB7" box="[905,1366,208,235]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BDC36987807FFEDFC6081BDFAB42CB7" blockId="10.[905,1366,208,269]" box="[905,1366,208,235]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
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<heading id="D09481F47807FFEDFC6081BDFAB42CB7" box="[905,1366,208,235]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" reason="4">
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<emphasis id="B917EA8A7807FFEDFC6081BDFAB42CB7" bold="true" box="[905,1366,208,235]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
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<taxonomicName id="4C634D1B7807FFEDFC6081BDFAE32CB7" authorityName="Lourenço" authorityYear="2008" box="[905,1281,208,235]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Rhopalurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pintoi" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="kourouensis">
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<emphasis id="B917EA8A7807FFEDFC6081BDFAE32CB7" bold="true" box="[905,1281,208,235]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Rhopalurus pintoi kourouensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22457F17807FFEDFAE181BCFAB42CB7" box="[1288,1366,209,235]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" rank="subSpecies">ssp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37965137807FFEAFBC9819EFED92FDF" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BDC36987807FFEDFBC9819EFB5D2D51" blockId="10.[905,1366,208,269]" box="[1056,1215,243,269]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13582A1D7807FFEDFBC0819EFB572D51" box="[1065,1205,243,269]" captionStart-0="Figures 10–13" captionStart-1="Figures 14–17" captionStartId-0="11.[192,278,1875,1898]" captionStartId-1="12.[192,278,1854,1877]" captionTargetBox-0="[204,1409,201,1838]" captionTargetBox-1="[242,1378,198,1798]" captionTargetId-0="figure-8@11.[192,1441,200,1848]" captionTargetId-1="figure-8@12.[192,1440,192,1824]" captionTargetPageId-0="11" captionTargetPageId-1="12" captionText-0="Figures 10–13: Rhopalurus pintoi kourouensis ssp. n. 10. Chela, dorso-external aspect, showing trichobothria and very intense setation. 11. Chela, idem, represented without setation. 12–13. Patella and femur, dorsal aspect. Again an important setation can be observed." captionText-1="Figures 14–17: Rhopalurus pintoi kourouensis ssp. n. 14. Carapace. 15. Metasoma and telson, lateral aspect. 16–17. Metasoma and telson, dorsal and ventral aspects." pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Figs. 10–17</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDC36987807FFEDFC87805FFACE2DF9" blockId="10.[830,1441,306,820]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
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<materialsCitation id="3B0B3CC57807FFEDFC87805FFACA2DF9" collectingDate="1975-08" collectorName="M. Boulard & P. Pompanon & Deposited & Museum & Paris" location="Dejrad" municipality="Kourou" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guyane" typeStatus="holotype">
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Male
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<typeStatus id="54D8883A7807FFEDFC5B805FFBF12D15" box="[946,1043,306,329]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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<collectingRegion id="49A7F87A7807FFEDFBCA805FFAFA2D15" box="[1059,1304,306,329]" country="France" name="Guyane" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">French Guiana region</collectingRegion>
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of
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BB8ACE27807FFEDFAA1805FFA7E2D15" box="[1352,1436,306,329]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Kourou</collectingMunicipality>
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, taches forestières de la piste
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<location id="8EBC60437807FFEDFB76803CFB092D34" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CA878E7807FFEAFC6081BDFED92FDF:8EBC60437807FFEDFB76803CFB092D34" box="[1183,1259,337,360]" municipality="Kourou" name="Dejrad" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" stateProvince="Guyane">Dejrad</location>
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,
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<date id="FFDD10587807FFEDFB17803CFA8B2D34" box="[1278,1385,337,360]" bridgedPair="/" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" value="1975-08">
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<collectingDate id="EF99E9B07807FFEDFB17803CFA8B2D34" box="[1278,1385,337,360]" bridgedPair="/" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" value="1975-08">VIII/1975</collectingDate>
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</date>
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(
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<collectorName id="2696534E7807FFEDFA68803CFC762DDB" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">M. Boulard</collectorName>
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&
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<collectorName id="2696534E7807FFEDFC2C801DFBBD2DDB" box="[965,1119,368,391]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">P. Pompanon</collectorName>
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).
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<collectorName id="2696534E7807FFEDFB9E801DFB012DDB" box="[1143,1251,368,391]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Deposited</collectorName>
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in the
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<collectorName id="2696534E7807FFEDFAAA801DFA422DDB" box="[1347,1440,368,391]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Muséum</collectorName>
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national d´Histoire naturelle,
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<collectorName id="2696534E7807FFEDFB9180E3FB4F2DF9" box="[1144,1197,398,421]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Paris</collectorName>
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(RS-8631)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDC36987807FFEDFC8780C0FB5F2DBF" blockId="10.[830,1441,306,820]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
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Etymology: The subspecific name makes reference to Kourou region in
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<collectingCountry id="F37476087807FFEDFBF180A1FB582DBF" box="[1048,1210,460,483]" name="French Guiana" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">French Guiana</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDC36987807FFEDFC878087FC1A2E20" blockId="10.[830,1441,306,820]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
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Diagnosis: Large scorpion in relation to the species of the genus, with
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<quantity id="4C9B9B7D7807FFEDFBFC8364FB952E7C" box="[1045,1143,521,544]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.97" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="89.7">89.7 mm</quantity>
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in total length. Very dark coloration, uniformly blackish. Pectinal tooth count 24– 25; fixed and movable fingers of pedipalps with 9–10 rows of granules.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDC36987807FFEDFC8783E9FC602F68" blockId="10.[830,1441,306,820]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
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Relationships: This subspecies is clearly related to
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<taxonomicName id="4C634D1B7807FFEDFCD783CFFC462EE5" authorityName="Mello-Leitao" authorityYear="1932" box="[830,932,674,697]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Rhopalurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pintoi">
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<emphasis id="B917EA8A7807FFEDFCD783CFFC462EE5" box="[830,932,674,697]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">R. pintoi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. It is distinguished, however, by a darker general coloration almost entirely blackish and a smaller number of pectinal teeth, 24–25. Teruel & Tietz (2008) indicate 27 to 30 for the male of
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<taxonomicName id="4C634D1B7807FFEDFB748393FB1B2F49" authorityName="Mello-Leitao" authorityYear="1932" box="[1181,1273,766,789]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Rhopalurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pintoi">
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<emphasis id="B917EA8A7807FFEDFB748393FB1B2F49" box="[1181,1273,766,789]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">R. pintoi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with a mean of 28.33.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDC36987807FFEDFC878237FC502FCC" blockId="10.[830,1440,858,912]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
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Description based on male
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<typeStatus id="54D8883A7807FFEDFB718237FB1B2F2D" box="[1176,1273,858,881]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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. Measurements in
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<tableCitation id="C6E103237807FFEDFCB38214FC492FCC" box="[858,939,889,912]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="5.[192,257,1062,1085]" captionText="Table 1: Morphometric values in mm of the studied species of Rhopalurus. A = R. laticauda (male/female); B = R. crassicauda (male/female); C = R. crassicauda paruensis ssp. n. (male holotype); D = R. pintoi kourouensis ssp. n. (male holotype)." pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Table 1</tableCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDC36987807FFEDFC8782DBFC3728D9" blockId="10.[830,1441,950,1954]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Coloration. Uniformly blackish. Prosoma: carapace blackish. Mesosoma: blackish. Metasoma: segments I to V blackish. Vesicle: very dark reddish to blackish. Venter dark reddish to blackish. Chelicerae dark reddish with a blackish thread; fingers dark. Pedipalps: blackish; fingers reddish. Legs dark reddish, intensely spotted with blackish.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDC36987807FFEAFC8785E0FD5B2CA3" blockId="10.[830,1441,950,1954]" lastBlockId="13.[192,802,201,255]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
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Morphology. Carapace strongly granular; anterior margin with a median concavity. Anterior median and posterior median carinae strong. All furrows moderately deep. Median ocular tubercle distinctly anterior to the center of the carapace. Eyes separated by more than one ocular diameter. Three pairs of lateral eyes. Sternum triangular. Mesosoma: tergites strongly granular. Median carina strong in all tergites. Tergite VII pentacarinate. Venter: genital operculum divided longitudinally forming two semi-triangular plates. Pectines: pectinal tooth count 24–25. Sternites smooth with elongate spiracles; VII with four carinae and some lateral granulations. Metasoma: segments I and II with 10 carinae; III and IV with 8 carinae; V with 5 carinae; inframedian carinae complete on II. Telson weakly granular, with a long and strongly curved aculeus. Dorsal surface smooth; ventral surface granular; subaculear tooth absent. Cheliceral dentition characteristic of the family
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<taxonomicName id="4C634D1B7807FFEDFB0A87FBFAA52AF1" box="[1251,1351,1686,1709]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Buthidae</taxonomicName>
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; ventral aspect of both fingers and manus with dense, long setae (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B697807FFEDFCAF87BEFC012AB6" author="VACHON" box="[838,995,1747,1770]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" refId="ref7306" refString="VACHON, M. 1963. De l'utilite, en systematique, d'une nomenclature des dents des cheliceres chez les" type="book" year="1963">Vachon, 1963</bibRefCitation>
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). Pedipalps: femur pentacarinate; patella with 7 carinae; chela with 9 carinae; internal face of patella with spinoid granules; all faces moderately to weakly granular. A very intense chetotaxy can be observed in all segments. Fixed and movable fingers with 9-10 oblique rows of granules. Internal and external accessory granules strongly marked. Trichobothriotaxy: orthobothriotaxy A-α (Vachon, 1974, 1975). Legs: tarsus ventrally with numerous short fine setae.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF1C66107806FFECFF29863EFEDB2BC7" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" startId="11.[192,278,1875,1898]" targetBox="[204,1409,201,1838]" targetPageId="11" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="8BDC36987806FFECFF29863EFEDB2BC7" blockId="11.[192,1441,1875,1947]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">
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<emphasis id="B917EA8A7806FFECFF29863EFE8A2B36" bold="true" box="[192,360,1875,1898]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Figures 10–13:</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C634D1B7806FFECFE868638FD7B2B36" authorityName="Lourenço" authorityYear="2008" box="[367,665,1877,1898]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Rhopalurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pintoi" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="kourouensis">
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<emphasis id="B917EA8A7806FFECFE868638FD7B2B36" box="[367,665,1877,1898]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Rhopalurus pintoi kourouensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B917EA8A7806FFECFD768638FCE12B36" bold="true" box="[671,771,1877,1898]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22457F17806FFECFD768638FD3D2B36" box="[671,735,1877,1898]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" rank="subSpecies">ssp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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10.
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</emphasis>
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Chela, dorso-external aspect, showing trichobothria and very intense setation.
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<emphasis id="B917EA8A7806FFECFEF18603FED42BDF" bold="true" box="[280,310,1902,1923]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">11.</emphasis>
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Chela, idem, represented without setation.
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<emphasis id="B917EA8A7806FFECFD378603FCC22BDF" bold="true" box="[734,800,1902,1923]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">12–13.</emphasis>
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Patella and femur, dorsal aspect. Again an important setation can be observed.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="DF1C66107801FFEBFF298653FDCE2B31" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" startId="12.[192,278,1854,1877]" targetBox="[242,1378,198,1798]" targetPageId="12" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="8BDC36987801FFEBFF298653FDCE2B31" blockId="12.[192,1440,1854,1901]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">
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<emphasis id="B917EA8A7801FFEBFF298653FE8A2B09" bold="true" box="[192,360,1854,1877]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Figures 14–17:</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C634D1B7801FFEBFE868652FD752B08" authorityName="Lourenço" authorityYear="2008" box="[367,663,1855,1876]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Rhopalurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pintoi" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="kourouensis">
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<emphasis id="B917EA8A7801FFEBFE868652FD752B08" box="[367,663,1855,1876]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Rhopalurus pintoi kourouensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B917EA8A7801FFEBFD748652FCE32B08" bold="true" box="[669,769,1855,1876]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22457F17801FFEBFD748652FD3F2B08" box="[669,733,1855,1876]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" rank="subSpecies">ssp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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14.
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</emphasis>
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Carapace.
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<emphasis id="B917EA8A7801FFEBFC848652FC692B08" bold="true" box="[877,907,1855,1876]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">15.</emphasis>
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Metasoma and telson, lateral aspect.
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<emphasis id="B917EA8A7801FFEBFB1D8652FAD42B08" bold="true" box="[1268,1334,1855,1876]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">16–17.</emphasis>
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Metasoma and telson, dorsal and ventral aspects.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BDC36987800FFEAFF298048FED92FDF" blockId="13.[192,802,293,899]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
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Ecology: The
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<typeStatus id="54D8883A7800FFEAFEB58048FE682D60" box="[348,394,293,316]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen of the new subspecies was collected in the Coastal savannahs of the Guianas near Kourou (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B697800FFEAFEC2800FFE0F2D25" author="SARMIENTO" box="[299,493,354,377]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" refId="ref7035" refString="SARMIENTO, G. 1984. The Ecology of Neotropical Savannas. Harvard University Press, 235 pp." type="book" year="1984">Sarmiento, 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), in a zone where some forested spots (taches forestières) could be observed. In the case of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C634D1B7800FFEAFEAB80CDFD4A2DEB" authority=", Teruel & Tietz (2008)" authorityName=", Teruel & Tietz" authorityYear="2008" box="[322,680,416,439]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Rhopalurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pintoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B917EA8A7800FFEAFEAB80CDFE432DEB" box="[322,417,416,439]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">R. pintoi</emphasis>
|
||
, Teruel & Tietz (2008)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
stated that the specimens they studied were collected “inside a small relict patch of primary forest enclaved inside surrounding hilly grasslands…” It is important to notice that inside the Cerrados or Savannah formations of South America several vegetation gradients can be observed. According to Eiten (1978), “within the Cerrado province a small percentage of the uplands (terrain not effected by water accumulation in valleys) is covered with mesophytic forest. These are small scattered areas of more fertile latosol…” Also in a few places, “upland mesophytic forest may intergrade to Cerradão, the arboreal forest or woodland form of Cerrado.” Consequently, one should not associate the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C634D1B7800FFEAFCE28243FF1C2F38" authorityName=", Teruel & Tietz" authorityYear="2008" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Rhopalurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pintoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B917EA8A7800FFEAFCE28243FF1C2F38" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">R. pintoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C634D1B7800FFEAFED88220FDC62F38" authorityName="Lourenço" authorityYear="2008" box="[305,548,845,868]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Rhopalurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pintoi" subSpecies="kourouensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B917EA8A7800FFEAFED88220FDC62F38" box="[305,548,845,868]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">R. pintoi kourouensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ssp. n. to real forest formations.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |