139 lines
14 KiB
XML
139 lines
14 KiB
XML
<document id="8E51CC364D8FB1FD0151D03E7B8DA9D7" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4139.3.2" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4139.3.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="51358935-98b0-4d89-a47f-e4341171e5b9" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="262765" ID-ZooBank="DCF4220B-4A73-407C-837C-54DEAE29F435" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1469091585085" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Last, Peter R., Naylor, Gavin J. P. & Manjaji-Matsumoto, B. Mabel" docDate="2016" docId="03A7CA1D85791443E7C6FEABFEC0036C" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4139.3.2.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4139 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Pastinachus Ruppell 1829" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="364" masterDocId="FF9EB265856A1450E751FF83FFDE0766" masterDocTitle="A revised classification of the family Dasyatidae (Chondrichthyes: Myliobatiformes) based on new morphological and molecular insights" masterLastPageNumber="368" masterPageNumber="345" pageNumber="364" updateTime="1698365466156" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="3861301F16D0B2A36D7817C9851A57F4">
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<mods:title id="88711D5DB8F27ACBCD274F20FC8CBAD5">A revised classification of the family Dasyatidae (Chondrichthyes: Myliobatiformes) based on new morphological and molecular insights</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="864C468201ACE74420803E88515C66E1">Last, Peter R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B75E4ED2B503F8B1B9ADF00872B5D840">Naylor, Gavin J. P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="C84B9AA2B76DC727F0B84770889051FD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="C8783E7A9944EACF6A365915A9672052">Manjaji-Matsumoto, B. Mabel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="783EE5E52CB9761BE90993AC6F932280">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="06C2083F07CE8FA693EE765BFB0FE6FE">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="EADEC24237F78DCB7868B8233328FA3B">
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<mods:date id="EDF2E8B19E1892C48AB7B3E5034D8249">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="6EB485EBD59C4E48ED935D51D146538E">4139</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="CCB11DB514E20D73760E4C149CF308AD" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4139.3.2</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03A7CA1D85791443E7C6FEABFEC0036C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6085247" ID-GBIF-Taxon="123198557" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6085247" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A7CA1D85791443E7C6FEABFEC0036C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A7CA1D85791443E7C6FEABFEC0036C" lastPageNumber="364" pageId="19" pageNumber="364">
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<subSubSection id="C314288085791443E7C6FEABFAB106E2" pageId="19" pageNumber="364" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB17B0B85791443E7C6FEABFDE80624" blockId="19.[151,566,296,322]" box="[151,566,296,322]" pageId="19" pageNumber="364">
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<heading id="D0F9CC6785791443E7C6FEABFDE80624" bold="true" box="[151,566,296,322]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="364" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B97AA71985791443E7C6FEABFDE80624" bold="true" box="[151,566,296,322]" pageId="19" pageNumber="364">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C0E008885791443E7BCFEABFDE80624" ID-CoL="6JGR" ID-ENA="87137" authority="Ruppell, 1829" authorityName="Ruppell" authorityYear="1829" box="[237,566,296,322]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" genus="Pastinachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="364" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B97AA71985791443E7BCFEABFE5F0624" bold="true" box="[237,385,296,322]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="364">Pastinachus</emphasis>
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Rüppell, 1829
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB17B0B85791443E7C6FEEDFAB106E2" blockId="19.[151,1391,366,389]" box="[151,1391,366,389]" pageId="19" pageNumber="364">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0E008885791443E7C6FEEDFECD06E2" box="[151,275,366,388]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" genus="Pastinachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="364" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B97AA71985791443E7C6FEEDFECD06E2" box="[151,275,366,388]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="364">Pastinachus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(subgenus of
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<taxonomicName id="4C0E008885791443E6F0FEF3FE3B06E3" box="[417,485,368,389]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" genus="Trigon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="364" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B97AA71985791443E6F0FEF3FE3B06E3" box="[417,485,368,389]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="364">Trigon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) Rüppell, 1829:51.
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<typeStatus id="54B5C5A985791443E5E1FEECFD3C06E2" box="[688,738,367,388]" pageId="19" pageNumber="364">Type</typeStatus>
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species
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<taxonomicName id="4C0E008885791443E469FEF3FB8D06E2" authority="Forsskal, 1775" authorityName="Forsskal" authorityYear="1775" box="[824,1107,366,389]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rajidae" genus="Raja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="364" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sephen">
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<emphasis id="B97AA71985791443E469FEF3FC6A06E2" box="[824,948,366,389]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="364">Raja sephen</emphasis>
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Forsskål, 1775
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</taxonomicName>
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; by subsequent designation.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C314288085791443E7C6FE33FAC4041C" pageId="19" pageNumber="364" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BB17B0B85791443E7C6FE33FDAB0454" blockId="19.[151,1437,432,1034]" pageId="19" pageNumber="364">
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<emphasis id="B97AA71985791443E7C6FE33FED106AF" bold="true" box="[151,271,432,457]" pageId="19" pageNumber="364">Definition</emphasis>
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. Small to very large dasyatids (adults to
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<quantity id="4CF6D6EE85791443E5AAFE32FCA306AF" box="[763,893,433,457]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.215" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.43" pageId="19" pageNumber="364" unit="cm" value="121.5" valueMax="200.0" valueMin="43.0">43–200 cm</quantity>
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DW or more) characterised by the following: depressed to robust, rhombic disc with pectoral-fin apex angular to narrowly rounded; snout obtuse or broadly angular, and short to medium length (1.6–2.4 times combined orbit and spiracle length); eye small and protruding slightly; nasal curtain distinctly bilobed; mouth narrow to medium-width with 5 oral papillae; tail firm and long to very long (length 1.8–3.2 times DW), its base broad to very broad and noticeably depressed; pelvic fins large, protruding slightly beyond disc; dorsal fold absent; ventral fold deep to very deep with a long base; caudal sting positioned posteriorly on tail (distance from pectoral-fin insertion to caudal-sting base 3.5–4.6 times interspiracular width); denticles on dorsal surface of disc patchy, denticle band well developed, but with diffuse edges; 1–3 variably developed, pearl or heart-shaped mid-scapular thorns, no other thorns on disc; tail prickly but lacking enlarged thorns (except in
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<taxonomicName id="4C0E008885791443E69DFD76FD3D0468" box="[460,739,757,782]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" genus="Pastinachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="364" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stellurostris">
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<emphasis id="B97AA71985791443E69DFD76FD3D0468" box="[460,739,757,782]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="364">Pastinachus stellurostris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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); plain coloured dorsally, ventrally white, disc margin often dark; marine/estuarine, Indo–
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<collectingRegion id="49CAB5E985791443E6B1FC9AFDC70454" box="[480,537,793,818]" country="Tanzania" name="Mjini Magharibi" pageId="19" pageNumber="364">West</collectingRegion>
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Pacific.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB17B0B85791443E796FCBFFAC4041C" blockId="19.[151,1437,432,1034]" pageId="19" pageNumber="364">
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<emphasis id="B97AA71985791443E796FCBFFEC00433" bold="true" box="[199,286,828,853]" pageId="19" pageNumber="364">Species</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B97AA71985791443E661FCBDFEA40433" box="[304,378,830,853]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="364">P. at er</emphasis>
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(Macleay, 1883),
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<taxonomicName id="4C0E008885791443E507FCBDFB7B0430" authority="Last & Manjaji-Matsumoto, 2010" authorityName="Last & Manjaji-Matsumoto" authorityYear="2010" box="[598,1189,829,854]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" genus="Pastinachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="364" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gracilicaudus">
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<emphasis id="B97AA71985791443E507FCBDFCD10430" box="[598,783,829,854]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="364">P. gracilicaudus</emphasis>
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Last & Manjaji-Matsumoto, 2010
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C0E008885791443E3E5FCBDFF04041C" authority="Forsskal, 1775" authorityName="Forsskal" authorityYear="1775" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rajidae" genus="Raja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="364" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sephen">
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<emphasis id="B97AA71985791443E3E5FCBDFAFC0430" box="[1204,1314,829,854]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="364">P. sephen</emphasis>
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(Forsskål, 1775)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C0E008885791443E7B7FCE1FD2B041C" authority="Last, Manjaji & Yearsley, 2005" authorityName="Last, Manjaji & Yearsley" authorityYear="2005" box="[230,757,865,890]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" genus="Pastinachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="364" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="solocirostris">
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<emphasis id="B97AA71985791443E7B7FCE1FE53041C" box="[230,397,865,890]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="364">P. solocirostris</emphasis>
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Last, Manjaji & Yearsley, 2005
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="4C0E008885791443E47EFCE1FAC8041C" authority="Last, Fahmi & Naylor, 2010" authorityName="Last, Fahmi & Naylor" authorityYear="2010" box="[815,1302,865,890]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" genus="Pastinachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="364" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stellurostris">
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<emphasis id="B97AA71985791443E47EFCE1FC11041C" box="[815,975,865,890]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="364">P. stellurostris</emphasis>
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Last, Fahmi & Naylor, 2010
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C314288085791443E796FC06FEC0036C" pageId="19" pageNumber="364" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BB17B0B85791443E796FC06FEC0036C" blockId="19.[151,1437,432,1034]" pageId="19" pageNumber="364">
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<emphasis id="B97AA71985791443E796FC06FEEA04FB" bold="true" box="[199,308,901,925]" pageId="19" pageNumber="364">Remarks</emphasis>
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. Until recently, thought to consist of a single, widespread Indo–Pacific species,
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<taxonomicName id="4C0E008885791443E3ECFC06FE7904A4" authority="Last & Stevens, 1994" authorityName="Last & Stevens" authorityYear="1994" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" genus="Pastinachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="364" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sephen">
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<emphasis id="B97AA71985791443E3ECFC06FA4204F8" box="[1213,1436,901,926]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="364">Pastinachus sephen</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9F06FA85791443E7CFFC29FE4104A4" author="Last" box="[158,415,938,962]" pageId="19" pageNumber="364" refString="Last, P. R. & Stevens, J. D. (1994) Sharks and rays of Australia. CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne, 513 pp." type="book" year="1994">Last & Stevens, 1994</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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. Recent research (confirmed by molecular data) has demonstrated that the group is not monotypic, and
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<emphasis id="B97AA71985791443E61DFC4DFE6F0483" box="[332,433,973,998]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="364">P. s e ph e n</emphasis>
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is restricted to the northwestern Indian Ocean and another large stingray (
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<emphasis id="B97AA71985791443E3A0FC4DFAEB0483" box="[1265,1333,974,997]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="364">P. a t e r</emphasis>
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) is more widespread.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |