plazi/treatments-xml
2
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull requests Releases Activity
treatments-xml/data/03/A7/82/03A7827EE41C976E6384FE10FC4FF860.xml
maintenance bc2564723d added 03
2024-06-21 12:22:17 +02:00

787 lines
101 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="B368668F9B0D2B9E7D93320862522B0B" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4995.1.7" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5043813" ID-ZooBank="F1118BFE-74DE-44FA-922E-B60B71216584" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1625002634793" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Habib, Kazi Ahsan &amp; Islam, Md Jayedul" docDate="2021" docId="03A7827EE41C976E6384FE10FC4FF860" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4995.1.7.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4995 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Glaucostegus younholeei Habib &amp; Islam 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="135" masterDocId="FF9EFA06E41F97686313FF97FF8AFFD8" masterDocTitle="Description of a new species of giant guitarfish, Glaucostegus younholeei sp nov. (Rhinopristiformes: Glaucostegidae) from the northern Bay of Bengal Bangladesh" masterLastPageNumber="146" masterPageNumber="129" pageNumber="132" updateTime="1698979091971" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="B989C3E3BC8FE44793326881A9AFCFB9" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="CE34F1C64C91F1E8B65454291D6CF858">
<mods:title id="655D4F5927AF51A15052169ABBBFF9CA">Description of a new species of giant guitarfish, Glaucostegus younholeei sp nov. (Rhinopristiformes: Glaucostegidae) from the northern Bay of Bengal Bangladesh</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="A768D009DE3F09B9519110CDCCC0FCBC" type="personal">
<mods:role id="34DACCD7A42B31EE4B4D3D965C91549B">
<mods:roleTerm id="680C2A494A80F745ED2A80465BD1F4B3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="5F33F0789F18C9A34B781AF8EE4384CC">Habib, Kazi Ahsan</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="5845E107FFF399CB464B928DB4F29313">Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Marine Science, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka- 1207, Bangladesh. &amp; Aquatic Bioresource Research Lab, Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka- 1207, Bangladesh.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="CF848CFA491E8E8684DC605B8E40A530" type="personal">
<mods:role id="60C0EABF853EE012BBD5F4005B9E76C1">
<mods:roleTerm id="A28672D4F21799286076B1FFD9F487A9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="11E457EDFBB7D5267DBACDF87ED738EA">Islam, Md Jayedul</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="AC6F8572CA02B3301BED19B39A231AFA">Aquatic Bioresource Research Lab, Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka- 1207, Bangladesh.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="05A9ADC0DDE29E628E4F2449B0A3BCC0">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="7C08D7940448BB5A05C14F2621C63EB0" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="B129886996C143B3FA92D0A8AF9A29BD">
<mods:title id="8FF9DFD49A5958445AE9F69E6D878E02">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="FAE3B610CEFA5B2AEE645CEDEF883969">
<mods:date id="B345164D2A9A33000AE6370F50CEEAB5">2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="2AB83B728CCEF0C789B33D43CE21C1A2" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="B5FF8C67B0A73260E749489A3D5CD10F">2021-06-29</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="0893F31B83E643939B9F2B35A0CFA469" type="volume">
<mods:number id="F72E4FC913EC701303B1DC6B7282BDBF">4995</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="3ECAB84B31F730F5A88DA2A008888E36" type="issue">
<mods:number id="74E9A96AC98FE07C4B397F02A0E82ED5">1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="55334E7CA532674EE032C18B38C92BCC" unit="page">
<mods:start id="57A489CB06ABE651905A55DA4FEB08BA">129</mods:start>
<mods:end id="D9EC76880991B8DDE88E0BE31E96C094">146</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="2DB3B3513FE94AFC9C45D97591896829">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="8CDAE27D59EF27E0A2E1D41994954676" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4995.1.7</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="4C0073C9F36354C802AB6CCFD1E72A2F" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="A2D4F90BD1FF85004F8C49A5113B8041" type="Zenodo-Dep">5043813</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="08F7FE08F9E0F3C1BF00F333CF69B330" type="ZooBank">F1118BFE-74DE-44FA-922E-B60B71216584</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03A7827EE41C976E6384FE10FC4FF860" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A7827EE41C976E6384FE10FC4FF860" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A7827EE41C976E6384FE10FC4FF860" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="135" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">
<subSubSection id="C31460E3E41C976B6384FE10FD6AFE3C" pageId="3" pageNumber="132" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BB13368E41C976B6384FE10FDB9FE7A" blockId="3.[151,563,391,418]" box="[151,563,391,418]" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">
<heading id="D0F98404E41C976B6384FE10FDB9FE7A" bold="true" box="[151,563,391,418]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="132" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B97AEF7AE41C976B6384FE10FDB9FE7A" bold="true" box="[151,563,391,418]" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">
<taxonomicName id="4C0E48EBE41C976B6384FE10FE4DFE7A" authority="Habib &amp; Islam, 2021" authorityName="Habib &amp; Islam" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,455,391,418]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rhinobatidae" genus="Glaucostegus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="132" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="younholeei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97AEF7AE41C976B6384FE10FE4DFE7A" bold="true" box="[151,455,391,418]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">Glaucostegus younholeei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2495201E41C976B62C5FE1FFDB9FE7A" box="[470,563,392,418]" pageId="3" pageNumber="132" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB13368E41C976B6384FE5DFD6AFE3C" blockId="3.[151,1118,458,557]" box="[151,736,458,485]" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">
<heading id="D0F98404E41C976B6384FE5DFD6AFE3C" bold="true" box="[151,736,458,485]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="132" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B97AEF7AE41C976B6384FE5DFD6AFE3C" bold="true" box="[151,736,458,485]" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">English common name: Bangladeshi guitarfish</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31460E3E41C976B6384FE78FBD4FDF5" pageId="3" pageNumber="132" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BB13368E41C976B6384FE78FD8AFDD1" blockId="3.[151,1118,458,557]" box="[151,512,495,521]" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">Local common name: Pitambori</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB13368E41C976B6384FD84FBD4FDF5" blockId="3.[151,1118,458,557]" box="[151,1118,530,557]" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">
Zoobank No.
<uri id="FF9F3F6AE41C976B6221FD85FBD4FDF5" box="[306,1118,530,557]" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="FFA809BDE41C976B6157FD85FBD4FDF5" box="[580,1118,530,557]" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">B87849B0-4052-4439-8937-C3DE6DBD78A5</uuid>
</uri>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31460E3E41C976B6384FDC2FCAFFCBE" pageId="3" pageNumber="132" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BB13368E41C976B6384FDC2FDA6FD4B" blockId="3.[151,1437,597,1927]" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">
<materialsCitation id="3B663935E41C976B6384FDC2FDA6FD4B" collectingDate="2019-11-10" collectionCode="R" collectorName="K. A. Habib &amp; M. J. Islam" country="Bangladesh" location="Bangladesh" pageId="3" pageNumber="132" specimenCode="R1911" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B97AEF7AE41C976B6384FDC2FE81FDB7" bold="true" box="[151,267,597,623]" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">
<typeStatus id="54B58DCAE41C976B6384FDC2FE8CFDB7" box="[151,262,597,623]" pageId="3" pageNumber="132" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<specimenCode id="DBA89B13E41C976B6202FDC2FED1FDB7" box="[273,347,597,623]" collectionCode="R" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">R1911</specimenCode>
CB-04, adult male
<quantity id="4CF69E8DE41C976B6138FDC2FD0DFDA8" box="[555,647,597,624]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.33" pageId="3" pageNumber="132" unit="mm" value="933.0">933 mm</quantity>
TL (
<figureCitation id="13352FEDE41C976B61A8FDC2FD74FDB7" box="[699,766,597,623]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[267,1319,189,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-19@7.[254,1333,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 2. Fresh specimen of Glaucostegus younholeei sp. nov.: A. Dorsal view of adult male holotype, 933 mm TL (R1911CB-04); B. Ventral view of adult male holotype, 933 mm TL (R1911CB-04); C. Dorsal view of female paratype, 853 mm TL (R2001CB-01); D. Ventral view of female paratype, 853 mm TL (R2001CB-01)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5043819" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5043819/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="F31973F8E41C976B6001FDC2FC12FDB7" box="[786,920,597,623]" name="Bangladesh" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">Bangladesh</collectingCountry>
, Cox’s Bazar (
<figureCitation id="13352FEDE41C976B672BFDC2FBF2FDB7" box="[1080,1144,597,623]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,249,1625,1649]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,237,1602]" captionTargetId="figure-43@2.[151,1436,237,1602]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map showing the collection site (▼) of BFDC fish landing center, Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh and the Bay of Bengal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5043817" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5043817/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
); collected by
<collectorName id="26FB56BEE41C976B660FFDC1FA16FDB7" box="[1308,1436,597,624]" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">K.A. Habib</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="26FB56BEE41C976B63D4FDEEFECBFD4A" box="[199,321,632,659]" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">M.J. Islam</collectorName>
;
<date id="FFB015A8E41C976B625FFDEEFDA3FD4B" box="[332,553,632,659]" pageId="3" pageNumber="132" value="2019-11-10">
<collectingDate id="EFF4EC40E41C976B625FFDEEFDA3FD4B" box="[332,553,632,659]" pageId="3" pageNumber="132" value="2019-11-10">10 November 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB13368E41C976B63D4FD0BFCAFFCBE" blockId="3.[151,1437,597,1927]" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">
<emphasis id="B97AEF7AE41C976B63D4FD0BFECCFD6E" bold="true" box="[199,326,668,694]" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">
<typeStatus id="54B58DCAE41C976B63D4FD0BFECBFD6E" box="[199,321,668,694]" pageId="3" pageNumber="132" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D08F8E1E41C976B625FFD0BFE6DFD6E" box="[332,487,668,694]" pageId="3" pageNumber="132" type="generic">12 specimens</specimenCount>
:
<materialsCitation id="3B663935E41C976B62E2FD0BFCABFCBE" collectingDate="2019-11-10" collectingDateMax="2020-01-09" collectingDateMin="2019-11-10" collectionCode="R" collectorName="K. A. Habib &amp; M. J. Islam" country="Bangladesh" location="Bangladesh" pageId="3" pageNumber="132" specimenCode="R1911, R2001" specimenCount="4" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D08F8E1E41C976B62E2FD0BFDF0FD6E" box="[497,634,668,694]" pageId="3" pageNumber="132" type="generic">4 specimens</specimenCount>
collected with holotype:
<specimenCode id="DBA89B13E41C976B6080FD0BFC54FD6E" box="[915,990,668,694]" collectionCode="R" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">R1911</specimenCode>
CB-01 (adult male
<quantity id="4CF69E8DE41C976B67A1FD0BFA98FD6E" box="[1202,1298,668,694]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.94" pageId="3" pageNumber="132" unit="mm" value="794.0">794 mm</quantity>
),
<specimenCode id="DBA89B13E41C976B6637FD0BFAE7FD6E" box="[1316,1389,668,694]" collectionCode="R" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">R1911</specimenCode>
CB- 02 (female
<quantity id="4CF69E8DE41C976B6208FD28FEF4FD01" box="[283,382,703,729]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.6" pageId="3" pageNumber="132" unit="mm" value="760.0">760 mm</quantity>
),
<specimenCode id="DBA89B13E41C976B6280FD28FE56FD01" box="[403,476,703,729]" collectionCode="R" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">R1911</specimenCode>
CB-03 (adult male
<quantity id="4CF69E8DE41C976B61A9FD28FC97FD01" box="[698,797,703,729]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.309999999999999" pageId="3" pageNumber="132" unit="mm" value="831.0">831 mm</quantity>
),
<specimenCode id="DBA89B13E41C976B6021FD28FCF6FD02" box="[818,892,703,730]" collectionCode="R" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">R1911</specimenCode>
CB-05 (adult male
<quantity id="4CF69E8DE41C976B6749FD28FB37FD01" box="[1114,1213,703,729]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.01" pageId="3" pageNumber="132" unit="mm" value="901.0">901 mm</quantity>
); collected by
<collectorName id="26FB56BEE41C976B6675FD28FF51FD24" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">K.A. Habib</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="26FB56BEE41C976B6204FD74FE1EFD24" box="[279,404,738,765]" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">M.J. Islam</collectorName>
;
<date id="FFB015A8E41C976B62B1FD75FD08FD24" box="[418,642,738,764]" pageId="3" pageNumber="132" value="2019-11-10">
<collectingDate id="EFF4EC40E41C976B62B1FD75FD08FD24" box="[418,642,738,764]" pageId="3" pageNumber="132" value="2019-11-10">10 November 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
; 08 specimens:
<specimenCode id="DBA89B13E41C976B6056FD75FC1BFD24" box="[837,913,738,764]" collectionCode="R" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">R2001</specimenCode>
CB-01 (female
<quantity id="4CF69E8DE41C976B6750FD75FB2DFD25" box="[1091,1191,738,765]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.53" pageId="3" pageNumber="132" unit="mm" value="853.0">853 mm</quantity>
),
<specimenCode id="DBA89B13E41C976B67AFFD75FA8DFD24" box="[1212,1287,738,764]" collectionCode="R" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">R2001</specimenCode>
CB-02 (adult male
<quantity id="4CF69E8DE41C976B63CBFC92FEB6FCF8" box="[216,316,773,800]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.3" pageId="3" pageNumber="132" unit="mm" value="730.0">730 mm</quantity>
),
<specimenCode id="DBA89B13E41C976B6241FC92FE14FCC7" box="[338,414,773,799]" collectionCode="R" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">R2001</specimenCode>
CB-03 (female
<quantity id="4CF69E8DE41C976B6141FC92FD3CFCF8" box="[594,694,773,800]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.28" pageId="3" pageNumber="132" unit="mm" value="828.0">828 mm</quantity>
),
<specimenCode id="DBA89B13E41C976B61DFFC92FC9DFCC7" box="[716,791,773,799]" collectionCode="R" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">R2001</specimenCode>
CB-04 (female
<quantity id="4CF69E8DE41C976B60DFFC92FBBAFCF8" box="[972,1072,773,800]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.64" pageId="3" pageNumber="132" unit="mm" value="764.0">764 mm</quantity>
),
<specimenCode id="DBA89B13E41C976B6755FC92FB18FCF8" box="[1094,1170,773,800]" collectionCode="R" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">R2001</specimenCode>
CB-05 (adult male
<quantity id="4CF69E8DE41C976B6661FC92FF4DFC9B" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.93" pageId="3" pageNumber="132" unit="mm" value="893.0">893 mm</quantity>
),
<specimenCode id="DBA89B13E41C976B63C9FCBEFEACFC9B" box="[218,294,809,835]" collectionCode="R" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">R2001</specimenCode>
CB-07 (adult male
<quantity id="4CF69E8DE41C976B62EDFCBFFDD5FC9B" box="[510,607,808,835]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.35" pageId="3" pageNumber="132" unit="mm" value="735.0">735 mm</quantity>
),
<specimenCode id="DBA89B13E41C976B6160FCBEFD34FC9B" box="[627,702,809,835]" collectionCode="R" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">R2001</specimenCode>
CB-08 (adult male
<quantity id="4CF69E8DE41C976B6085FCBFFC7DFC9B" box="[918,1015,808,835]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.68" pageId="3" pageNumber="132" unit="mm" value="868.0">868 mm</quantity>
),
<specimenCode id="DBA89B13E41C976B6718FCBEFBDCFC9B" box="[1035,1110,809,835]" collectionCode="R" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">R2001</specimenCode>
CB-09 (adult male
<quantity id="4CF69E8DE41C976B663DFCBFFA05FC9B" box="[1326,1423,808,835]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.459999999999999" pageId="3" pageNumber="132" unit="mm" value="846.0">846 mm</quantity>
); collected by
<collectorName id="26FB56BEE41C976B6235FCDBFE22FCBE" box="[294,424,844,870]" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">K.A. Habib</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="26FB56BEE41C976B62CCFCDBFDD3FCBE" box="[479,601,844,870]" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">M.J. Islam</collectorName>
;
<date id="FFB015A8E41C976B6177FCDBFCABFCBE" box="[612,801,844,870]" pageId="3" pageNumber="132" value="2020-01-09">
<collectingDate id="EFF4EC40E41C976B6177FCDBFCABFCBE" box="[612,801,844,870]" pageId="3" pageNumber="132" value="2020-01-09">09 January 2020</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31460E3E41C976B63D4FCF8FBA0FAF7" pageId="3" pageNumber="132" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BB13368E41C976B63D4FCF8FCC0FBE1" blockId="3.[151,1437,597,1927]" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">
<emphasis id="B97AEF7AE41C976B63D4FCF8FEC8FC51" bold="true" box="[199,322,879,905]" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Moderately large, brownish or greyish guitarfish with a narrowly wedge-shaped disc, moderately long, triangular and bluntly pointed snout, and broad oblique nostrils with the narrow anterior opening. Disc thickened centrally, length
<quantity id="4CF69E8DE41C976B628AFC22FDA0FC17" box="[409,554,949,976]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4925" metricValueMax="3.683" metricValueMin="3.302" pageId="3" pageNumber="132" unit="in" value="1.375" valueMax="1.45" valueMin="1.3">1.30–1.45 in</quantity>
width; Snout acute, angle 31–40°, tip bluntly pointed and never protruding forward as a distinct lobe. Orbit relatively large in adults, diameter
<quantity id="4CF69E8DE41C976B608EFC4FFBB3FC2A" box="[925,1081,984,1010]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.51587" metricValueMax="2.9514799999999997" metricValueMin="2.08026" pageId="3" pageNumber="132" unit="in" value="9.905" valueMax="11.62" valueMin="8.19">8.19–11.62 in</quantity>
preorbital length,
<quantity id="4CF69E8DE41C976B661DFC4FFA16FC2A" box="[1294,1436,984,1011]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.2738" metricValueMax="6.8326" metricValueMin="5.715" pageId="3" pageNumber="132" unit="in" value="2.4699999999999998" valueMax="2.69" valueMin="2.25">2.25–2.69 in</quantity>
interorbital distance. Rostral ridges almost joined along their entire length; margin of cranium sharply demarcated before eyes. Spiracular folds very short and widely separated.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB13368E41C976B63D4FBD5FBA0FAF7" blockId="3.[151,1437,597,1927]" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">
Nostrils about half of the mouth width, subequal (0.98–1.33) to internasal width; ~55–57 nasal lamellae; anteri- or nasal flaps slightly penetrating into internasal space, their interspace equal to
<quantity id="4CF69E8DE41C976B6700FBF2FB15FBA7" box="[1043,1183,1125,1151]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.108700000000001" metricValueMax="6.6293999999999995" metricValueMin="5.588000000000001" pageId="3" pageNumber="132" unit="in" value="2.405" valueMax="2.61" valueMin="2.2">2.20–2.61 in</quantity>
length of the posterior nasal aperture. Skin rough, densely covered with small denticles, more coarsely granular on the dorsal surface than ventrally, enlarged between orbits and in a distinct band between nape and first dorsal fin. Pair of 2 large thorns on each shoulder and similar thorns in irregular, median row(s) along mid-line. Tail longer, length
<quantity id="4CF69E8DE41C976B67CBFB58FAEDFB31" box="[1240,1383,1231,1258]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3401" metricValueMax="3.7592" metricValueMin="2.921" pageId="3" pageNumber="132" unit="in" value="1.315" valueMax="1.48" valueMin="1.15">1.15–1.48 in</quantity>
disc length; dorsal fins narrowly spaced, interspace
<quantity id="4CF69E8DE41C976B61B3FB65FCA1FAD4" box="[672,811,1266,1292]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3561" metricValueMax="5.3594" metricValueMin="3.3528" pageId="3" pageNumber="132" unit="in" value="1.7149999999999999" valueMax="2.11" valueMin="1.32">1.32–2.11 in</quantity>
base length of the first dorsal fin. Clasper length in adult male
<quantity id="4CF69E8DE41C976B63C6FA82FEE8FAF7" box="[213,354,1301,1328]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.27889" metricValueMax="1.4478" metricValueMin="1.10998" pageId="3" pageNumber="132" unit="in" value="5.035" valueMax="5.7" valueMin="4.37">4.37–5.70 in</quantity>
total length. Morphometric measurements are given in
<tableCitation id="C68C06D3E41C976B60C3FA82FBA9FAF7" box="[976,1059,1301,1327]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,239,151,175]" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphometric data for the male holotype (R1911CB-04) and the twelve paratypes (R1911CB-01, R1911CB-" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">Table 1</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31460E3E41C976D63D4FAAFFA09F838" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="134" pageId="3" pageNumber="132" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BB13368E41C976B63D4FAAFFC5FF9DA" blockId="3.[151,1437,597,1927]" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">
<emphasis id="B97AEF7AE41C976B63D4FAAFFED3FA8A" bold="true" box="[199,345,1336,1362]" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">Description.</emphasis>
Moderately large, brownish or greyish guitarfish with a narrowly wedge-shaped disc, with
<quantity id="4CF69E8DE41C976B6677FAAEFF7DFAAE" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.315" metricValueMax="9.33" metricValueMin="7.3" pageId="3" pageNumber="132" unit="mm" value="831.5" valueMax="933.0" valueMin="730.0">730– 933 mm</quantity>
total length (matured). Disc broadly wedge-shaped, angular anteriorly, outer margins broadly rounded, narrowly rounded distally, its length 1.44 (1.30–1.45) in width. Pelvic fins elongate, short-based, its length 2.78 (2.07– 2.78) in width, 1.61 (1.44–1.98) in base length; anterior margin weakly concave anteriorly then becoming straight to weakly convex, apex broadly rounded, posterior margin almost straight. Tail moderately elongate, slen- der anteriorly, tapering weakly; tail length 1.39 (1.15–1.48) in disc length.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB13368E41C976B63D4F99BFC59F85F" blockId="3.[151,1437,597,1927]" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">
Head moderately elongate; snout moderately long, triangular and bluntly pointed (
<figureCitation id="13352FEDE41C976B6741F99BFB1FF9FE" box="[1106,1173,1548,1574]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[267,1319,189,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-19@7.[254,1333,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 2. Fresh specimen of Glaucostegus younholeei sp. nov.: A. Dorsal view of adult male holotype, 933 mm TL (R1911CB-04); B. Ventral view of adult male holotype, 933 mm TL (R1911CB-04); C. Dorsal view of female paratype, 853 mm TL (R2001CB-01); D. Ventral view of female paratype, 853 mm TL (R2001CB-01)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5043819" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5043819/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13352FEDE41C976B678CF99BFB24F9FE" box="[1183,1198,1548,1574]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[280,1304,191,1905]" captionTargetId="figure-31@8.[269,1319,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Preserved specimen of Glaucostegus younholeei sp. nov.: A. Dorsal view of adult male holotype, 933 mm TL (R1911CB-04); B. Ventral view of adult male holotype, 933 mm TL (R1911CB-04); C. Dorsal view of female paratype, 828 TL (R2001CB-03), D. Ventral view of female paratype, 828 mm TL (R2001CB-03)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5043821" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5043821/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13352FEDE41C976B67A9F99BFB40F9FE" box="[1210,1226,1548,1574]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1747,1771]" captionTargetBox="[156,1436,187,1720]" captionTargetId="figure-19@9.[151,1436,181,1723]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Preserved holotypes of adult male Glaucostegus younholeei sp. nov. (R1911CB-04, 933 mm TL): A. Mouth showing the teeth; B. Dorsal view of head, snout, and nostril, C. Ventral view of head, snout, and nostril." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5043823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5043823/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">4</figureCitation>
), snout length 3.67 (3.54–4.38) in inter-spiracular length, 9.27 (8.19–11.62) in orbit diameter, 3.90 (3.54–4.47) in interorbital distance; preoral length 2.54 (2.29–2.98) in mouth width, 5.25 (4.53–6.68) in internarial distance. Interorbital space almost flat, eyes moderately large, not elevated or protruding. Orbit relatively large in adults, diameter 9.27 (8.19–11.6) in preorbital length, 1.10 (0.79–1.21) in spiracle length, 2.38 (2.25–2.69) in interorbital distance. Spiracles relatively very small and weakly developed. Nostril moderately large, oblique, nasal flaps well developed (
<figureCitation id="13352FEDE41C976B67EBF92BFA05F90E" box="[1272,1423,1724,1750]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1747,1771]" captionTargetBox="[156,1436,187,1720]" captionTargetId="figure-19@9.[151,1436,181,1723]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Preserved holotypes of adult male Glaucostegus younholeei sp. nov. (R1911CB-04, 933 mm TL): A. Mouth showing the teeth; B. Dorsal view of head, snout, and nostril, C. Ventral view of head, snout, and nostril." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5043823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5043823/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">Fig. 4B &amp; C</figureCitation>
). Anterior aperture rectangular, width exceeding in its length; nostril 1.76 (1.72–2.03) in mouth width, nostril length 1.79 (1.79–5.60) in anterior aperture width, 2.39 (2.32–4.67) in anterior nasal-flap base length, 1.17 (0.98–1.33) in internarial distance. Anterior nasal flap moderately long, flap base length 1.65 (1.00–1.92) in width, flap width 2.21 (0.83–2.21) in anterior aperture width. Anterior nasal flaps slightly penetrating into internasal space, their interspace equal to 2.59 (2.20–2.61) in length of the posterior nasal aperture (
<figureCitation id="13352FEDE41C976B6092F8FBFC4FF85F" box="[897,965,1900,1927]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[201,1384,185,1912]" captionTargetId="figure-31@10.[196,1392,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Preserved holotypes of adult male Glaucostegus younholeei sp. nov. (R1911CB-04, 933 mm TL): A. Views of oronasal region, B. Views of orbit and spiracle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5043827" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5043827/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="132">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF7163E0E41B976C6384FF00FA16FF68" box="[151,1436,151,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" startId="4.[151,239,151,175]">
<paragraph id="8BB13368E41B976C6384FF00FA16FF68" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,248]" box="[151,1436,151,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<emphasis id="B97AEF7AE41B976C6384FF00FE89FF77" bold="true" box="[151,259,151,175]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">TABLE 1</emphasis>
. Morphometric data for the male holotype (R1911CB-04) and the twelve paratypes (R1911CB-01, R1911CB-
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BB13368E41B976C6384FF2BFA16FF0C" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,248]" box="[151,1436,187,212]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">02, R1911CB-03, R1911CB-05, R2001CB-01, R2001CB-02, R2001CB-03, R2001CB-04, R2001CB-05, R2001CB-07,</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB13368E41B976C6384FF77FCFEFF20" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,248]" box="[151,884,223,248]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
R2001CB-08 and R2001CB-09 of
<taxonomicName id="4C0E48EBE41B976C6118FF48FC92FF2F" authority="Habib &amp; Islam, 2021" authorityName="Habib &amp; Islam" authorityYear="2021" box="[523,792,223,247]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rhinobatidae" genus="Glaucostegus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="younholeei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97AEF7AE41B976C6118FF48FC92FF2F" box="[523,792,223,247]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Glaucostegus younholeei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B97AEF7AE41B976C600CFF77FCFEFF20" bold="true" box="[799,884,224,248]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2495201E41B976C600CFF77FCFEFF20" box="[799,884,224,248]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB13368E41B976C6030FE90FACBF862" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<table id="F90EC1C8E41B689763B5FE90FAC4F862" box="[166,1358,263,1978]" gridcols="4" gridrows="43" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<tr id="353E312AE41B689763B5FE90FAC4FEC7" box="[166,1358,263,287]" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="76EF5856E41B689761F8FE90FC34FEC7" box="[747,958,263,287]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<emphasis id="B97AEF7AE41B976C6030FE90FC0CFEC7" bold="true" box="[803,902,263,287]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Holotype</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="76EF5856E41B68976717FE90FBEDFEC7" box="[1028,1127,263,287]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<emphasis id="B97AEF7AE41B976C6717FE90FBEDFEC7" bold="true" box="[1028,1127,263,287]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Holotype</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="76EF5856E41B689767DCFE90FAC4FEC7" box="[1231,1358,263,287]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<emphasis id="B97AEF7AE41B976C67CBFE90FACEFEC7" bold="true" box="[1240,1348,263,287]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Paratypes</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="353E312AE41B689763B5FEA7FAC4FE90" box="[166,1358,304,328]" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<th id="76EF5856E41B689763B5FEA7FDD1FE90" box="[166,603,304,328]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Total length (mm)</th>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689761F8FEA7FC34FE90" box="[747,958,304,328]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">933</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B68976717FEA7FBEDFE90" box="[1028,1127,304,328]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">933</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689767DCFEA7FAC4FE90" box="[1231,1358,304,328]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">730–868</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E312AE41B689763B5FECFFAC4FEA8" box="[166,1358,344,368]" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76EF5856E41B689761F8FECFFC34FEA8" box="[747,958,344,368]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Measurements (mm)</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B68976717FECFFAC4FEA8" box="[1028,1358,344,368]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Proportion of total length</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E312AE41B689763B5FE17FAC4FE41" box="[166,1358,384,409]" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<th id="76EF5856E41B689763B5FE17FDD1FE41" box="[166,603,384,409]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Disc width—maximum</th>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689761F8FE17FC34FE41" box="[747,958,384,409]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">265.00</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B68976717FE17FBEDFE41" box="[1028,1127,384,409]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">28.40</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689767DCFE17FAC4FE41" box="[1231,1358,384,409]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">29.3–31.71</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E312AE41B689763B5FE3EFAC4FE19" box="[166,1358,425,449]" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<th id="76EF5856E41B689763B5FE3EFDD1FE19" box="[166,603,425,449]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Disc length</th>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689761F8FE3EFC34FE19" box="[747,958,425,449]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">381.00</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B68976717FE3EFBEDFE19" box="[1028,1127,425,449]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">40.84</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689767DCFE3EFAC4FE19" box="[1231,1358,425,449]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">38.59–44.74</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E312AE41B689763B5FE46FAC4FE31" box="[166,1358,465,489]" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<th id="76EF5856E41B689763B5FE46FDD1FE31" box="[166,603,465,489]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Snout length</th>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689761F8FE46FC34FE31" box="[747,958,465,489]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">152.00</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B68976717FE46FBEDFE31" box="[1028,1127,465,489]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">16.29</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689767DCFE46FAC4FE31" box="[1231,1358,465,489]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">16.13–20.00</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E312AE41B689763B5FE6EFAC4FDC9" box="[166,1358,505,529]" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<th id="76EF5856E41B689763B5FE6EFDD1FDC9" box="[166,603,505,529]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Orbit diameter</th>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689761F8FE6EFC34FDC9" box="[747,958,505,529]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">16.40</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B68976717FE6EFBEDFDC9" box="[1028,1127,505,529]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">1.76</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689767DCFE6EFAC4FDC9" box="[1231,1358,505,529]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">1.70–2.02</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E312AE41B689763B5FDB6FAC4FDE2" box="[166,1358,545,570]" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<th id="76EF5856E41B689763B5FDB6FDD1FDE2" box="[166,603,545,570]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Spiracle length</th>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689761F8FDB6FC34FDE2" box="[747,958,545,570]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">18.00</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B68976717FDB6FBEDFDE2" box="[1028,1127,545,570]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">1.93</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689767DCFDB6FAC4FDE2" box="[1231,1358,545,570]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">1.48–2.33</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E312AE41B689763B5FDDDFAC4FDBA" box="[166,1358,586,610]" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<th id="76EF5856E41B689763B5FDDDFDD1FDBA" box="[166,603,586,610]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Orbit with spiracle length</th>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689761F8FDDDFC34FDBA" box="[747,958,586,610]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">36.00</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B68976717FDDDFBEDFDBA" box="[1028,1127,586,610]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">3.86</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689767DCFDDDFAC4FDBA" box="[1231,1358,586,610]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">3.52–4.37</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E312AE41B689763B5FDE5FAC4FD52" box="[166,1358,626,650]" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<th id="76EF5856E41B689763B5FDE5FDD1FD52" box="[166,603,626,650]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Interorbital width</th>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689761F8FDE5FC34FD52" box="[747,958,626,650]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">39.00</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B68976717FDE5FBEDFD52" box="[1028,1127,626,650]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">4.18</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689767DCFDE5FAC4FD52" box="[1231,1358,626,650]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">4.33–4.93</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E312AE41B689763B5FD0DFAC4FD6A" box="[166,1358,666,690]" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<th id="76EF5856E41B689763B5FD0DFDD1FD6A" box="[166,603,666,690]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Interspiracular width</th>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689761F8FD0DFC34FD6A" box="[747,958,666,690]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">41.40</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B68976717FD0DFBEDFD6A" box="[1028,1127,666,690]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">4.44</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689767DCFD0DFAC4FD6A" box="[1231,1358,666,690]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">4.49–5.24</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E312AE41B689763B5FD55FAC4FD02" box="[166,1358,706,730]" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<th id="76EF5856E41B689763B5FD55FDD1FD02" box="[166,603,706,730]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Preoral length</th>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689761F8FD55FC34FD02" box="[747,958,706,730]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">152.20</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B68976717FD55FBEDFD02" box="[1028,1127,706,730]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">16.31</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689767DCFD55FAC4FD02" box="[1231,1358,706,730]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">15.55–21.05</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E312AE41B689763B5FD7CFAC4FCDB" box="[166,1358,747,771]" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<th id="76EF5856E41B689763B5FD7CFDD1FCDB" box="[166,603,747,771]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Mouth width</th>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689761F8FD7CFC34FCDB" box="[747,958,747,771]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">60.00</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B68976717FD7CFBEDFCDB" box="[1028,1127,747,771]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">6.43</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689767DCFD7CFAC4FCDB" box="[1231,1358,747,771]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">6.30–7.47</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E312AE41B689763B5FC84FAC4FCF3" box="[166,1358,787,811]" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<th id="76EF5856E41B689763B5FC84FDD1FCF3" box="[166,603,787,811]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Prenarial distance</th>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689761F8FC84FC34FCF3" box="[747,958,787,811]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">138.00</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B68976717FC84FBEDFCF3" box="[1028,1127,787,811]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">14.79</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689767DCFC84FAC4FCF3" box="[1231,1358,787,811]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">13.82–20.39</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E312AE41B689763B5FCACFAC4FC8B" box="[166,1358,827,851]" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<th id="76EF5856E41B689763B5FCACFDD1FC8B" box="[166,603,827,851]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Nostril length</th>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689761F8FCACFC34FC8B" box="[747,958,827,851]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">34.00</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B68976717FCACFBEDFC8B" box="[1028,1127,827,851]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">3.64</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689767DCFCACFAC4FC8B" box="[1231,1358,827,851]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">3.35–3.86</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E312AE41B689763B5FCF4FAC4FCA4" box="[166,1358,867,892]" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<th id="76EF5856E41B689763B5FCF4FDD1FCA4" box="[166,603,867,892]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Anterior aperture—width</th>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689761F8FCF4FC34FCA4" box="[747,958,867,892]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">19.00</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B68976717FCF4FBEDFCA4" box="[1028,1127,867,892]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">2.04</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689767DCFCF4FAC4FCA4" box="[1231,1358,867,892]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">0.68–1.47</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E312AE41B689763B5FC1CFAC4FC7C" box="[166,1358,907,932]" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<th id="76EF5856E41B689763B5FC1CFDD1FC7C" box="[166,603,907,932]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Anterior nasal flap—base length</th>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689761F8FC1CFC34FC7C" box="[747,958,907,932]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">14.20</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B68976717FC1CFBEDFC7C" box="[1028,1127,907,932]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">1.52</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689767DCFC1CFAC4FC7C" box="[1231,1358,907,932]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">0.82–1.84</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E312AE41B689763B5FC23FAC4FC14" box="[166,1358,948,972]" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<th id="76EF5856E41B689763B5FC23FDD1FC14" box="[166,603,948,972]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Anterior nasal flap—width</th>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689761F8FC23FC34FC14" box="[747,958,948,972]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">8.60</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B68976717FC23FBEDFC14" box="[1028,1127,948,972]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">0.92</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689767DCFC23FAC4FC14" box="[1231,1358,948,972]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">0.69–1.20</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E312AE41B689763B5FC4BFAC4FC2C" box="[166,1358,988,1012]" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<th id="76EF5856E41B689763B5FC4BFDD1FC2C" box="[166,603,988,1012]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Distance across anterior nasal apertures</th>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689761F8FC4BFC34FC2C" box="[747,958,988,1012]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">85.00</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B68976717FC4BFBEDFC2C" box="[1028,1127,988,1012]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">9.11</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689767DCFC4BFAC4FC2C" box="[1231,1358,988,1012]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">9.19–10.51</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E312AE41B689763B5FB93FAC4FBC4" box="[166,1358,1028,1052]" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<th id="76EF5856E41B689763B5FB93FDD1FBC4" box="[166,603,1028,1052]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Posterolateral nasal aperture—length</th>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689761F8FB93FC34FBC4" box="[747,958,1028,1052]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">18.60</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B68976717FB93FBEDFBC4" box="[1028,1127,1028,1052]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">1.99</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689767DCFB93FAC4FBC4" box="[1231,1358,1028,1052]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">2.07–2.45</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E312AE41B689763B5FBBBFAC4FB9D" box="[166,1358,1068,1093]" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<th id="76EF5856E41B689763B5FBBBFDD1FB9D" box="[166,603,1068,1093]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Internarial distance (minimum)</th>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689761F8FBBBFC34FB9D" box="[747,958,1068,1093]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">29.00</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B68976717FBBBFBEDFB9D" box="[1028,1127,1068,1093]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">3.11</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689767DCFBBBFAC4FB9D" box="[1231,1358,1068,1093]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">2.88–3.53</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E312AE41B689763B5FBC2FAC4FBB5" box="[166,1358,1109,1133]" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<th id="76EF5856E41B689763B5FBC2FDD1FBB5" box="[166,603,1109,1133]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Distance between anterior nasal flaps</th>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689761F8FBC2FC34FBB5" box="[747,958,1109,1133]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">48.20</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B68976717FBC2FBEDFBB5" box="[1028,1127,1109,1133]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">5.17</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689767DCFBC2FAC4FBB5" box="[1231,1358,1109,1133]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">5.29–5.75</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E312AE41B689763B5FBEAFAC4FB4D" box="[166,1358,1149,1173]" gridrow="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<th id="76EF5856E41B689763B5FBEAFDD1FB4D" box="[166,603,1149,1173]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Third gill opening—width</th>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689761F8FBEAFC34FB4D" box="[747,958,1149,1173]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">17.00</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B68976717FBEAFBEDFB4D" box="[1028,1127,1149,1173]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">1.82</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689767DCFBEAFAC4FB4D" box="[1231,1358,1149,1173]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">1.79–1.97</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E312AE41B689763B5FB32FAC4FB65" box="[166,1358,1189,1213]" gridrow="23" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<th id="76EF5856E41B689763B5FB32FDD1FB65" box="[166,603,1189,1213]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Distance between first-gill openings</th>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689761F8FB32FC34FB65" box="[747,958,1189,1213]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">114.00</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B68976717FB32FBEDFB65" box="[1028,1127,1189,1213]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">12.22</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689767DCFB32FAC4FB65" box="[1231,1358,1189,1213]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">9.22–17.15</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E312AE41B689763B5FB5AFAC4FB3E" box="[166,1358,1229,1254]" gridrow="24" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<th id="76EF5856E41B689763B5FB5AFDD1FB3E" box="[166,603,1229,1254]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Distance between fifth-gill openings</th>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689761F8FB5AFC34FB3E" box="[747,958,1229,1254]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">84.00</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B68976717FB5AFBEDFB3E" box="[1028,1127,1229,1254]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">9.00</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689767DCFB5AFAC4FB3E" box="[1231,1358,1229,1254]" gridcol="3" gridrow="24" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">9.35–12.38</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E312AE41B689763B5FB61FAC4FAD6" box="[166,1358,1270,1294]" gridrow="25" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<th id="76EF5856E41B689763B5FB61FDD1FAD6" box="[166,603,1270,1294]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Pelvic fin—length</th>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689761F8FB61FC34FAD6" box="[747,958,1270,1294]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">155.50</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B68976717FB61FBEDFAD6" box="[1028,1127,1270,1294]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">16.67</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689767DCFB61FAC4FAD6" box="[1231,1358,1270,1294]" gridcol="3" gridrow="25" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">15.31–17.69</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E312AE41B689763B5FA89FAC4FAEE" box="[166,1358,1310,1334]" gridrow="26" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<th id="76EF5856E41B689763B5FA89FDD1FAEE" box="[166,603,1310,1334]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Pelvic fin—width</th>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689761F8FA89FC34FAEE" box="[747,958,1310,1334]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">56.00</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B68976717FA89FBEDFAEE" box="[1028,1127,1310,1334]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">6.00</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689767DCFA89FAC4FAEE" box="[1231,1358,1310,1334]" gridcol="3" gridrow="26" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">5.92–8.37</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E312AE41B689763B5FAD1FAC4FA86" box="[166,1358,1350,1374]" gridrow="27" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<th id="76EF5856E41B689763B5FAD1FDD1FA86" box="[166,603,1350,1374]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Pelvic fin—base length</th>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689761F8FAD1FC34FA86" box="[747,958,1350,1374]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">96.40</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B68976717FAD1FBEDFA86" box="[1028,1127,1350,1374]" gridcol="2" gridrow="27" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">10.33</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689767DCFAD1FAC4FA86" box="[1231,1358,1350,1374]" gridcol="3" gridrow="27" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">8.45–10.83</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E312AE41B689763B5FAF9FAC4FA5F" box="[166,1358,1390,1415]" gridrow="28" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<th id="76EF5856E41B689763B5FAF9FDD1FA5F" box="[166,603,1390,1415]" gridcol="0" gridrow="28" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">First dorsal fin—length</th>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689761F8FAF9FC34FA5F" box="[747,958,1390,1415]" gridcol="1" gridrow="28" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">77.10</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B68976717FAF9FBEDFA5F" box="[1028,1127,1390,1415]" gridcol="2" gridrow="28" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">8.26</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689767DCFAF9FAC4FA5F" box="[1231,1358,1390,1415]" gridcol="3" gridrow="28" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">8.08–9.10</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E312AE41B689763B5FA00FAC4FA77" box="[166,1358,1431,1455]" gridrow="29" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<th id="76EF5856E41B689763B5FA00FDD1FA77" box="[166,603,1431,1455]" gridcol="0" gridrow="29" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">First dorsal fin—height</th>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689761F8FA00FC34FA77" box="[747,958,1431,1455]" gridcol="1" gridrow="29" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">66.10</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B68976717FA00FBEDFA77" box="[1028,1127,1431,1455]" gridcol="2" gridrow="29" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">7.08</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689767DCFA00FAC4FA77" box="[1231,1358,1431,1455]" gridcol="3" gridrow="29" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">5.69–7.49</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E312AE41B689763B5FA28FAC4FA0F" box="[166,1358,1471,1495]" gridrow="30" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<th id="76EF5856E41B689763B5FA28FDD1FA0F" box="[166,603,1471,1495]" gridcol="0" gridrow="30" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">First dorsal fin—base length</th>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689761F8FA28FC34FA0F" box="[747,958,1471,1495]" gridcol="1" gridrow="30" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">49.00</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B68976717FA28FBEDFA0F" box="[1028,1127,1471,1495]" gridcol="2" gridrow="30" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">5.25</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689767DCFA28FAC4FA0F" box="[1231,1358,1471,1495]" gridcol="3" gridrow="30" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">3.68–4.95</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E312AE41B689763B5FA70FAC4FA27" box="[166,1358,1511,1535]" gridrow="31" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<th id="76EF5856E41B689763B5FA70FDD1FA27" box="[166,603,1511,1535]" gridcol="0" gridrow="31" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Second dorsal fin—length</th>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689761F8FA70FC34FA27" box="[747,958,1511,1535]" gridcol="1" gridrow="31" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">78.00</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B68976717FA70FBEDFA27" box="[1028,1127,1511,1535]" gridcol="2" gridrow="31" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">8.36</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689767DCFA70FAC4FA27" box="[1231,1358,1511,1535]" gridcol="3" gridrow="31" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">8.16–9.10</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E312AE41B689763B5F998FAC4F9F0" box="[166,1358,1551,1576]" gridrow="32" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<th id="76EF5856E41B689763B5F998FDD1F9F0" box="[166,603,1551,1576]" gridcol="0" gridrow="32" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Second dorsal fin—height</th>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689761F8F998FC34F9F0" box="[747,958,1551,1576]" gridcol="1" gridrow="32" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">68.00</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B68976717F998FBEDF9F0" box="[1028,1127,1551,1576]" gridcol="2" gridrow="32" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">7.29</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689767DCF998FAC4F9F0" box="[1231,1358,1551,1576]" gridcol="3" gridrow="32" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">5.69–7.73</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E312AE41B689763B5F9AFFAC4F988" box="[166,1358,1592,1616]" gridrow="33" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<th id="76EF5856E41B689763B5F9AFFDD1F988" box="[166,603,1592,1616]" gridcol="0" gridrow="33" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Second dorsal fin—base length</th>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689761F8F9AFFC34F988" box="[747,958,1592,1616]" gridcol="1" gridrow="33" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">50.00</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B68976717F9AFFBEDF988" box="[1028,1127,1592,1616]" gridcol="2" gridrow="33" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">5.36</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689767DCF9AFFAC4F988" box="[1231,1358,1592,1616]" gridcol="3" gridrow="33" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">4.34–4.79</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E312AE41B689763B5F9F7FAC4F9A0" box="[166,1358,1632,1656]" gridrow="34" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<th id="76EF5856E41B689763B5F9F7FDD1F9A0" box="[166,603,1632,1656]" gridcol="0" gridrow="34" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Snout to first dorsal-fin origin</th>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689761F8F9F7FC34F9A0" box="[747,958,1632,1656]" gridcol="1" gridrow="34" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">578.00</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B68976717F9F7FBEDF9A0" box="[1028,1127,1632,1656]" gridcol="2" gridrow="34" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">61.95</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689767DCF9F7FAC4F9A0" box="[1231,1358,1632,1656]" gridcol="3" gridrow="34" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">61.49–64.60</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E312AE41B689763B5F91FFAC4F978" box="[166,1358,1672,1696]" gridrow="35" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<th id="76EF5856E41B689763B5F91FFDD1F978" box="[166,603,1672,1696]" gridcol="0" gridrow="35" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Snout to second dorsal-fin origin</th>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689761F8F91FFC34F978" box="[747,958,1672,1696]" gridcol="1" gridrow="35" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">690.00</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B68976717F91FFBEDF978" box="[1028,1127,1672,1696]" gridcol="2" gridrow="35" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">73.95</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689767DCF91FFAC4F978" box="[1231,1358,1672,1696]" gridcol="3" gridrow="35" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">72.93–75.89</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E312AE41B689763B5F927FAC4F911" box="[166,1358,1712,1737]" gridrow="36" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<th id="76EF5856E41B689763B5F927FDD1F911" box="[166,603,1712,1737]" gridcol="0" gridrow="36" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Snout to upper caudal-fin origin</th>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689761F8F927FC34F911" box="[747,958,1712,1737]" gridcol="1" gridrow="36" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">784.00</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B68976717F927FBEDF911" box="[1028,1127,1712,1737]" gridcol="2" gridrow="36" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">84.03</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689767DCF927FAC4F911" box="[1231,1358,1712,1737]" gridcol="3" gridrow="36" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">81.40–86.30</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E312AE41B689763B5F94EFAC4F929" box="[166,1358,1753,1777]" gridrow="37" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<th id="76EF5856E41B689763B5F94EFDD1F929" box="[166,603,1753,1777]" gridcol="0" gridrow="37" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Snout to lower caudal-fin origin</th>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689761F8F94EFC34F929" box="[747,958,1753,1777]" gridcol="1" gridrow="37" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">814.00</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B68976717F94EFBEDF929" box="[1028,1127,1753,1777]" gridcol="2" gridrow="37" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">87.25</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689767DCF94EFAC4F929" box="[1231,1358,1753,1777]" gridcol="3" gridrow="37" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">82.61–87.41</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E312AE41B689763B5F896FAC4F8C1" box="[166,1358,1793,1817]" gridrow="38" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<th id="76EF5856E41B689763B5F896FDD1F8C1" box="[166,603,1793,1817]" gridcol="0" gridrow="38" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Snout to pelvic-fin origin</th>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689761F8F896FC34F8C1" box="[747,958,1793,1817]" gridcol="1" gridrow="38" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">370.00</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B68976717F896FBEDF8C1" box="[1028,1127,1793,1817]" gridcol="2" gridrow="38" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">39.66</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689767DCF896FAC4F8C1" box="[1231,1358,1793,1817]" gridcol="3" gridrow="38" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">37.56–42.93</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E312AE41B689763B5F8BEFAC4F899" box="[166,1358,1833,1857]" gridrow="39" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<th id="76EF5856E41B689763B5F8BEFDD1F899" box="[166,603,1833,1857]" gridcol="0" gridrow="39" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Snout to anterior vent</th>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689761F8F8BEFC34F899" box="[747,958,1833,1857]" gridcol="1" gridrow="39" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">394.00</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B68976717F8BEFBEDF899" box="[1028,1127,1833,1857]" gridcol="2" gridrow="39" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">42.23</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689767DCF8BEFAC4F899" box="[1231,1358,1833,1857]" gridcol="3" gridrow="39" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">41.24–46.16</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E312AE41B689763B5F8C6FAC4F8B2" box="[166,1358,1873,1898]" gridrow="40" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<th id="76EF5856E41B689763B5F8C6FDD1F8B2" box="[166,603,1873,1898]" gridcol="0" gridrow="40" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Pelvic-fin insertion to 1st dorsal-fin origin</th>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689761F8F8C6FC34F8B2" box="[747,958,1873,1898]" gridcol="1" gridrow="40" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">151.00</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B68976717F8C6FBEDF8B2" box="[1028,1127,1873,1898]" gridcol="2" gridrow="40" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">16.18</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689767DCF8C6FAC4F8B2" box="[1231,1358,1873,1898]" gridcol="3" gridrow="40" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">13.35–17.17</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E312AE41B689763B5F8EDFAC4F84A" box="[166,1358,1914,1938]" gridrow="41" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<th id="76EF5856E41B689763B5F8EDFDD1F84A" box="[166,603,1914,1938]" gridcol="0" gridrow="41" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Pelvic-fin insertion to 2nd dorsal-fin origin</th>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689761F8F8EDFC34F84A" box="[747,958,1914,1938]" gridcol="1" gridrow="41" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">262.00</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B68976717F8EDFBEDF84A" box="[1028,1127,1914,1938]" gridcol="2" gridrow="41" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">28.08</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689767DCF8EDFAC4F84A" box="[1231,1358,1914,1938]" gridcol="3" gridrow="41" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">24.60–28.80</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E312AE41B689763B5F835FAC4F862" box="[166,1358,1954,1978]" gridrow="42" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<th id="76EF5856E41B689763B5F835FDD1F862" box="[166,603,1954,1978]" gridcol="0" gridrow="42" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Inter-dorsal distance</th>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689761F8F835FC34F862" box="[747,958,1954,1978]" gridcol="1" gridrow="42" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">70.00</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B68976717F835FBEDF862" box="[1028,1127,1954,1978]" gridcol="2" gridrow="42" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">7.50</td>
<td id="76EF5856E41B689767DCF835FAC4F862" box="[1231,1358,1954,1978]" gridcol="3" gridrow="42" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">6.41–8.18</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB13368E41B976C6740F85CFA00F83B" blockId="4.[1107,1418,1995,2019]" box="[1107,1418,1995,2019]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
<emphasis id="B97AEF7AE41B976C6740F85CFA00F83B" box="[1107,1418,1995,2019]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">......continued on the next page</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF7163E0E41A976D63B5FF36FE16FF61" box="[166,412,161,185]" isContinuationCaption="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="134" startId="5.[166,250,161,185]">
<paragraph id="8BB13368E41A976D63B5FF36FE16FF61" blockId="5.[151,1364,161,828]" box="[166,412,161,185]" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">TABLE 1. (Continued)</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BB13368E41A976D63B5FF5CFACFFF3B" blockId="5.[151,1364,161,828]" box="[166,1349,203,227]" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">Caudal peduncle length (dorsal) 45.10 4.83 4.20-–5.54</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB13368E41A976D63B5FF64FACDFED3" blockId="5.[151,1364,161,828]" box="[166,1351,243,267]" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">Body width—pelvic insertion (tail) 103.00 11.04 9.32–10.75</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB13368E41A976D63B5FE8CFAC7FEEB" blockId="5.[151,1364,161,828]" box="[166,1357,283,307]" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">Disc width—anterior orbit 143.30 15.36 13.88–17.15</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB13368E41A976D63B5FED3FACBFE84" blockId="5.[151,1364,161,828]" box="[166,1345,324,348]" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">Body width—first dorsal-fin origin 78.40 8.40 7.03–8.20</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB13368E41A976D63B5FEFBFACBFE5C" blockId="5.[151,1364,161,828]" box="[166,1345,364,388]" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">Body width—second dorsal-fin origin 46.00 4.93 3.80–4.83</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB13368E41A976D63B5FE03FACBFE74" blockId="5.[151,1364,161,828]" box="[166,1345,404,428]" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">Body depth—maximum (scap) 58.00 6.22 5.17–7.57</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB13368E41A976D63B5FE2BFACBFE0C" blockId="5.[151,1364,161,828]" box="[166,1345,444,468]" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">Body depth—pelvic-fin insertion 46.20 4.95 4.54–6.09</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB13368E41A976D63B5FE73FACBFE25" blockId="5.[151,1364,161,828]" box="[166,1345,484,509]" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">Body depth—first dorsal-fin origin 42.00 4.50 3.93–4.41</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB13368E41A976D63B5FD9AFACBFDFD" blockId="5.[151,1364,161,828]" box="[166,1345,525,549]" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">Body depth—second dorsal-fin origin 32.00 3.43 2.80–3.29</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB13368E41A976D63B5FDA2FACBFDAD" blockId="5.[151,1364,161,828]" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">Tail length 530.00 56.81 51.32–57.26 Distance between posterior nasal flap 52.00 5.57 4.87–6.13</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB13368E41A976D63B5FD12FAC4FD1E" blockId="5.[151,1364,161,828]" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">Tail length from anterior cloaca 559.00 59.91 54.21–59.79 Precloacal length 374.00 40.09 40.21–45.79</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB13368E41A976D63B5FD41FACBFD36" blockId="5.[151,1364,161,828]" box="[166,1345,726,750]" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">Cloaca 29.00 3.11 2.53–3.26</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB13368E41A976D63B5FD69FDD9FCE4" blockId="5.[151,1364,161,828]" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">
Clasper length 205.00 21.97 17.55–22.17* *Clasper length without female
<typeStatus id="54B58DCAE41A976D62FEFCB3FDD9FCE4" box="[493,595,804,828]" pageId="5" pageNumber="134" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB13368E41A976D63D4FCFDFB40FC28" blockId="5.[151,1437,874,2016]" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">Dermal fold lateral on tail, originating well behind the free rear tip of pelvic fin, reaching just behind the ventral caudal-fin origin, fold moderately well developed. Mouth width 1.76 (1.72–2.03) in nostril length, 6.23 (5.8–6.70) in precloacal length, positioned slightly forward of hind margin of orbit. Upper jaw weakly convex, upper lip arched slightly, lower lip pronounced, separated from oral groove by ridges of strongly crenelated skin.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB13368E41A976D63D4FC6DFE5EFB7C" blockId="5.[151,1437,874,2016]" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">
Teeth small, blunt, crowns rhomboidal with weak, pointed posterior cusps; upper and lower jaw teeth similar in shape and size, tooth rows in upper jaw 84 (58–69) (
<figureCitation id="13352FEDE41A976D601EFB89FCE2FBE0" box="[781,872,1054,1080]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1747,1771]" captionTargetBox="[156,1436,187,1720]" captionTargetId="figure-19@9.[151,1436,181,1723]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Preserved holotypes of adult male Glaucostegus younholeei sp. nov. (R1911CB-04, 933 mm TL): A. Mouth showing the teeth; B. Dorsal view of head, snout, and nostril, C. Ventral view of head, snout, and nostril." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5043823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5043823/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
). Length of third-gill slit 2.00 (1.75–2.13) in nostril length, 4.94 (4.88–7.13) in distance between fifth-gill slits; distance between first-gill slits 1.36 (0.73–1.96) in distance between fifth-gill slits; distance between fifth-gill slits 2.90 (2.65–4.43) in internarial distance, 1.40 (1.30–1.82) in mouth width.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB13368E41A976D63D4FB39FDD0FA78" blockId="5.[151,1437,874,2016]" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">
Dorsal fins rather short; apices narrowly rounded to angular; anterior margins weakly convex; posterior margins weakly concave; free rear tips almost forming a right angle; first dorsal fin slightly taller and more upright than second, length 1.17 (1.17–1.46) in height; second dorsal-fin length 1.15 (1.10–1.55) in height. First dorsal fin well behind of pelvic-fin insertion, interspace 2.16 (1.73–2.21) in inter-dorsal distance; inter-dorsal space moderate 1.03 (0.94–1.29) in second dorsal-fin height, 1.43 (1.32–2.11) in first dorsal-fin base, 1.04 (1.04–1.15) in tail width at origin of first dorsal fin (
<figureCitation id="13352FEDE41A976D62C2FAF5FD9DFAA5" box="[465,535,1378,1405]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1587,1611]" captionTargetBox="[163,1425,193,1553]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[151,1436,181,1563]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Lateral views of the unpaired fins of preserved Glaucostegus younholeei sp. nov., adult male holotype (R1911CB- 04): A. Tail folds, B. First dorsal fin, C. Second dorsal fin, D. caudal fin." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5043829" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5043829/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
). Caudal fin relatively small, deep and short. Clasper length in adult male 4.55 (4.37–5.70) in total length (TL) (
<figureCitation id="13352FEDE41A976D611BFA11FDC6FA78" box="[520,588,1414,1440]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1913,1937]" captionTargetBox="[159,1430,801,1883]" captionTargetId="figure-1043@12.[151,1436,801,1889]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 7. Showing the left and right clasper of adult male holotype of preserved Glaucostegus younholeei sp. nov. (R1911CB- 04; clasper length 205 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5043831" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5043831/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB13368E41A976D63D4FA3DFCEFF98C" blockId="5.[151,1437,874,2016]" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">
Skin rough, densely covered with small denticles; more coarsely granular on the dorsal surface than ventrally, enlarged between orbits and in a distinct band between nape and first dorsal fin. Pair of large thorns on each shoulder and a middorsal band of strong thorns on the back (
<figureCitation id="13352FEDE41A976D61F1FA65FCA2F9D4" box="[738,808,1522,1548]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[277,1309,188,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-19@13.[267,1320,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 8. A, B &amp; C showing the thorns position of adult male holotype of preserved Glaucostegus younholeei sp. nov. (R1911CB-04)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5043833" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5043833/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
). Rostral ridges almost joined along their entire length; margin of cranium sharply demarcated before eyes (
<figureCitation id="13352FEDE41A976D61F5F981FCA1F9E8" box="[742,811,1558,1584]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[267,1319,189,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-19@7.[254,1333,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 2. Fresh specimen of Glaucostegus younholeei sp. nov.: A. Dorsal view of adult male holotype, 933 mm TL (R1911CB-04); B. Ventral view of adult male holotype, 933 mm TL (R1911CB-04); C. Dorsal view of female paratype, 853 mm TL (R2001CB-01); D. Ventral view of female paratype, 853 mm TL (R2001CB-01)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5043819" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5043819/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13352FEDE41A976D602BF981FCCCF9E8" box="[824,838,1558,1584]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[280,1304,191,1905]" captionTargetId="figure-31@8.[269,1319,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Preserved specimen of Glaucostegus younholeei sp. nov.: A. Dorsal view of adult male holotype, 933 mm TL (R1911CB-04); B. Ventral view of adult male holotype, 933 mm TL (R1911CB-04); C. Dorsal view of female paratype, 828 TL (R2001CB-03), D. Ventral view of female paratype, 828 mm TL (R2001CB-03)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5043821" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5043821/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">3</figureCitation>
&amp;
<figureCitation id="13352FEDE41A976D607FF981FCF7F9E8" box="[876,893,1558,1584]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1747,1771]" captionTargetBox="[156,1436,187,1720]" captionTargetId="figure-19@9.[151,1436,181,1723]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Preserved holotypes of adult male Glaucostegus younholeei sp. nov. (R1911CB-04, 933 mm TL): A. Mouth showing the teeth; B. Dorsal view of head, snout, and nostril, C. Ventral view of head, snout, and nostril." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5043823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5043823/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">4</figureCitation>
). Snout acute, angle 31–40°; tip bluntly pointed and never protruding forward as distinct the lobe (
<figureCitation id="13352FEDE41A976D61DAF9ADFCD2F98C" box="[713,856,1594,1620]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1747,1771]" captionTargetBox="[156,1436,187,1720]" captionTargetId="figure-19@9.[151,1436,181,1723]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Preserved holotypes of adult male Glaucostegus younholeei sp. nov. (R1911CB-04, 933 mm TL): A. Mouth showing the teeth; B. Dorsal view of head, snout, and nostril, C. Ventral view of head, snout, and nostril." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5043823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5043823/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">Fig. 4B &amp; C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB13368E41A976D63D4F9CAFBEAF8F4" blockId="5.[151,1437,874,2016]" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">
<emphasis id="B97AEF7AE41A976D63D4F9CAFD32F9AF" bold="true" box="[199,696,1629,1656]" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">Coloration in freshly observed specimen.</emphasis>
Brownish on dorsal surface of body; rostrum pale white, rostral ridge brown; snout tip brownish white; pale yellowish around margin of disc, pelvic fins, spiracles and along upper lateral skin fold; eyes golden, pupils dark-bluish black, orbital membrane similar to disc color; anterior half of first and second dorsal fin light brown in color; first and second dorsal fin base, posterior half of fins similar to body; caudal fin similar to body color. Ventral surface mostly white with yellowish; oronasal region white, snout opposite dappled brownish; broad dusky margins on both posterior disc and pelvic fins (
<figureCitation id="13352FEDE41A976D671DF885FBD9F8F4" box="[1038,1107,1810,1836]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[267,1319,189,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-19@7.[254,1333,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 2. Fresh specimen of Glaucostegus younholeei sp. nov.: A. Dorsal view of adult male holotype, 933 mm TL (R1911CB-04); B. Ventral view of adult male holotype, 933 mm TL (R1911CB-04); C. Dorsal view of female paratype, 853 mm TL (R2001CB-01); D. Ventral view of female paratype, 853 mm TL (R2001CB-01)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5043819" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5043819/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB13368E41A976D63D4F8A2FA09F838" blockId="5.[151,1437,874,2016]" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">
<emphasis id="B97AEF7AE41A976D63D4F8A2FDE9F897" bold="true" box="[199,611,1845,1872]" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">Coloration in preserved condition.</emphasis>
Brownish gray on dorsal surface of body; rostral cartilage greyish white, rostral ridge gray; snout tip pale white; dark gray around margin of disc, pelvic fins, spiracles and along upper lateral skin fold; eyes golden, pupils black, orbital membrane similar to disc color; first and second dorsal fin anterior half brownish gray in color; first and second dorsal fin base, posterior half of fins similar to body; caudal fin similar to body color. Ventral surface mostly white with greyish; oronasal region pale white, snout opposite dark gray (
<figureCitation id="13352FEDE41A976D662AF851FAFEF838" box="[1337,1396,1990,2016]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[280,1304,191,1905]" captionTargetId="figure-31@8.[269,1319,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Preserved specimen of Glaucostegus younholeei sp. nov.: A. Dorsal view of adult male holotype, 933 mm TL (R1911CB-04); B. Ventral view of adult male holotype, 933 mm TL (R1911CB-04); C. Dorsal view of female paratype, 828 TL (R2001CB-03), D. Ventral view of female paratype, 828 mm TL (R2001CB-03)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5043821" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5043821/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">Fig 3</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31460E3E419976E63D4FF01FA18FF0C" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BB13368E419976E63D4FF01FA18FF0C" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,1976]" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">
<emphasis id="B97AEF7AE419976E63D4FF01FEEBFF68" bold="true" box="[199,353,150,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">Distribution.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C0E48EBE419976E6275FF01FDF5FF68" authority="Habib &amp; Islam, 2021" authorityName="Habib &amp; Islam" authorityYear="2021" box="[358,639,150,176]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rhinobatidae" genus="Glaucostegus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="younholeei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97AEF7AE419976E6275FF01FDF5FF68" box="[358,639,150,176]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">Glaucostegus younholeei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B97AEF7AE419976E6197FF01FD56FF68" bold="true" box="[644,732,150,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2495201E419976E6197FF01FD56FF68" box="[644,732,150,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is currently known only from the Bay of Bengal,
<collectingCountry id="F31973F8E419976E67EFFF01FA08FF68" box="[1276,1410,150,176]" name="Bangladesh" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">Bangladesh</collectingCountry>
. It may also occur in the adjacent sea areas like Andaman Sea, Arabian Sea,
<collectingCountry id="F31973F8E419976E60DEFF2DFBA6FF0C" box="[973,1068,186,212]" name="Malaysia" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">Malacca</collectingCountry>
Strait and the Gulf of
<collectingCountry id="F31973F8E419976E6634FF2DFA04FF0C" box="[1319,1422,186,212]" name="Thailand" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">Thailand</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31460E3E419976E63D4FF49FBACFE50" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BB13368E419976E63D4FF49FBACFE50" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,1976]" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">
<emphasis id="B97AEF7AE419976E63D4FF49FEC4FF20" bold="true" box="[199,334,222,248]" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">Etymology.</emphasis>
We dedicate the new species name “younholeei” in the honour of Dr. Youn-Ho Lee, the PhD supervisor of the first author and Principal Research Scientist/Professor and Vice-President of
<collectingCountry id="F31973F8E419976E6795FE94FB40FEC5" box="[1158,1226,259,285]" name="South Korea" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">Korea</collectingCountry>
Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST), who significantly contributed to the knowledge of marine biodiversity, DNA barcoding and population genetics of marine organisms in the Western Pacific and north Bay of Bengal. The common name “Bangladeshi guitarfish” refers to its occurrence in the Bay of Bengal.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31460E3E419976E63D4FE05FC4FF860" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BB13368E419976E63D4FE05FAEDFDE4" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,1976]" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">
<emphasis id="B97AEF7AE419976E63D4FE05FEB1FE74" bold="true" box="[199,315,402,428]" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">Remarks.</emphasis>
The new species
<taxonomicName id="4C0E48EBE419976E611DFE05FCA6FE74" authorityName="Habib &amp; Islam" authorityYear="2021" box="[526,812,402,428]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rhinobatidae" genus="Glaucostegus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="younholeei">
<emphasis id="B97AEF7AE419976E611DFE05FCA6FE74" box="[526,812,402,428]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">Glaucostegus younholeei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from its similar species
<taxonomicName id="4C0E48EBE419976E67B3FE04FAB5FE74" baseAuthorityName="Cuvier" baseAuthorityYear="1829" box="[1184,1343,402,429]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rhinobatidae" genus="Glaucostegus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="granulatus">
<emphasis id="B97AEF7AE419976E67B3FE04FAB5FE74" box="[1184,1343,402,429]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">G. granulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in relatively smaller size in adults (total length
<quantity id="4CF69E8DE419976E6145FE21FD62FE09" box="[598,744,438,465]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.315" metricValueMax="9.33" metricValueMin="7.3" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" unit="mm" value="831.5" valueMax="933.0" valueMin="730.0">730–933 mm</quantity>
verses at least
<quantity id="4CF69E8DE419976E609EFE21FC70FE09" box="[909,1018,438,465]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.29" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" unit="mm" value="2290.0">2290 mm</quantity>
); Snout relatively more pointed, angle 31–40° vs. 46–52°; relatively large orbit in adults, diameter 2.25–2.69 vs.
<quantity id="4CF69E8DE419976E60DFFE4DFBADFE2C" box="[972,1063,474,500]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.366" metricValueMax="9.652" metricValueMin="5.08" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" unit="in" value="2.9" valueMax="3.8" valueMin="2.0">2–3.8 in</quantity>
interorbital space, 8.19–11.62 vs. 9.00–16.00 in preorbital length; distance between anterior nasal flap relatively larger 2.20–2.61 vs.
<quantity id="4CF69E8DE419976E67DBFE69FABFFDC0" box="[1224,1333,510,536]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.858" metricValueMax="8.128" metricValueMin="5.588" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" unit="in" value="2.7" valueMax="3.2" valueMin="2.2">2.2–3.2 in</quantity>
length of posterior nasal aperture; relatively short inter-dorsal distance 1.32–2.11 vs.
<quantity id="4CF69E8DE419976E60DDFDB5FBB1FDE4" box="[974,1083,546,572]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.683" metricValueMax="4.064" metricValueMin="3.302" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" unit="in" value="1.45" valueMax="1.6" valueMin="1.3">1.3–1.6 in</quantity>
first dorsal fin base length.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB13368E419976E63D4FDD1FF7AFD14" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,1976]" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">
The new species differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C0E48EBE419976E6108FDD0FD0EFDB8" baseAuthorityName="Forsskal" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[539,644,582,609]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rhinobatidae" genus="Glaucostegus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="halavi">
<emphasis id="B97AEF7AE419976E6108FDD0FD0EFDB8" box="[539,644,582,609]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">G. halavi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having relatively small disc length 1.30–1.45 vs.
<quantity id="4CF69E8DE419976E67C9FDD1FAC7FDB8" box="[1242,1357,582,608]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.175" metricValueMax="3.302" metricValueMin="3.048" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" unit="in" value="1.25" valueMax="1.3" valueMin="1.2">1.2–1.3 in</quantity>
width; snout tip bluntly pointed, angle 31–40° vs. ~65°; orbit small in adults, diameter 8.19–11.62 vs.
<quantity id="4CF69E8DE419976E67AAFDFDFAA3FD5C" box="[1209,1321,618,644]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7907" metricValueMax="1.9812" metricValueMin="1.6001999999999998" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" unit="in" value="7.05" valueMax="7.8" valueMin="6.3">6.3–7.8 in</quantity>
preorbital length; nostrils relatively large about half of the mouth width vs. 2/3 of the mouth width; nasal lamellae ~55–57 vs. ~61.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB13368E419976E63D4FD41FD28FC84" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,1976]" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">
<taxonomicName id="4C0E48EBE419976E63D4FD41FE6FFD28" authorityName="Habib &amp; Islam" authorityYear="2021" box="[199,485,726,752]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rhinobatidae" genus="Glaucostegus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="younholeei">
<emphasis id="B97AEF7AE419976E63D4FD41FE6FFD28" box="[199,485,726,752]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">Glaucostegus younholeei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C0E48EBE419976E61FEFD40FCE2FD28" baseAuthorityName="Muller &amp; Henle" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[749,872,726,753]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rhinobatidae" genus="Glaucostegus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obtusus">
<emphasis id="B97AEF7AE419976E61FEFD40FCE2FD28" box="[749,872,726,753]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">G. obtusus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having relatively small disc length 1.30–1.45 vs. ~
<quantity id="4CF69E8DE419976E63DDFD6DFE85FCCC" box="[206,271,762,788]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.048" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" unit="in" value="1.2">1.2 in</quantity>
width; snout tip bluntly pointed, angle 31–40° vs. ~80°; orbit relatively small, diameter 8.19–11.62 vs. ~
<quantity id="4CF69E8DE419976E63B5FC89FF6DFCE0" box="[166,231,798,825]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.651" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" unit="in" value="6.5">6.5 in</quantity>
preorbital length; tail relatively longer in length 1.15–1.48 vs.
<quantity id="4CF69E8DE419976E60A0FC89FBAFFCE0" box="[947,1061,798,824]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.81" metricValueMax="4.064" metricValueMin="3.5559999999999996" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" unit="in" value="1.5" valueMax="1.6" valueMin="1.4">1.4–1.6 in</quantity>
disc length; inter-dorsal distance 1.32–2.11 vs.&gt;
<quantity id="4CF69E8DE419976E6257FCD5FEE5FC84" box="[324,367,834,860]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
first dorsal fin base length.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB13368E419976E63D4FCF1FD72FC10" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,1976]" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">
<taxonomicName id="4C0E48EBE419976E63D4FCF1FE68FC58" authorityName="Habib &amp; Islam" authorityYear="2021" box="[199,482,870,896]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rhinobatidae" genus="Glaucostegus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="younholeei">
<emphasis id="B97AEF7AE419976E63D4FCF1FE68FC58" box="[199,482,870,896]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">Glaucostegus younholeei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is also separate from
<taxonomicName id="4C0E48EBE419976E61CBFCF0FCBEFC58" baseAuthorityName="Chabanaud" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[728,820,871,897]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rhinobatidae" genus="Glaucostegus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="petiti">
<emphasis id="B97AEF7AE419976E61CBFCF0FCBEFC58" box="[728,820,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">G. petiti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having relatively small eye diameter 8.19–11.62 vs. 7.00 in preorbital length; nostril 1.72–2.03 vs.
<quantity id="4CF69E8DE419976E618FFC1DFD51FC7C" box="[668,731,906,933]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.81" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" unit="in" value="1.5">1.5 in</quantity>
internasal width; nasal lamellae ~55–57 vs. ~50–52; moreover, it is endemic to
<collectingCountry id="F31973F8E419976E6259FC39FE5BFC10" box="[330,465,942,968]" name="Madagascar" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
(Frick
<emphasis id="B97AEF7AE419976E6137FC38FDDFFC10" box="[548,597,942,968]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">et al</emphasis>
., 2018, 2021).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB13368E419976E63D4FC45FD49FB78" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,1976]" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">
The new species is distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C0E48EBE419976E6197FC44FD65FC34" authorityName="Lacépède" authorityYear="1798" box="[644,751,978,1005]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rhinobatidae" genus="Glaucostegus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thouin">
<emphasis id="B97AEF7AE419976E6197FC44FD65FC34" box="[644,751,978,1005]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">G. thouin</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having snout tip bluntly pointed (31–40°) and never protruding forward as distinct lobe vs. snout tip narrowly oval (~55°) and protruding well forward; nostril width about half of the mouth width vs. nostril almost same of the mouth width, nostril 0.98–1.33 vs. ~
<quantity id="4CF69E8DE419976E6793FB8DFB4AFBEC" box="[1152,1216,1050,1076]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.826" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" unit="in" value="1.9">1.9 in</quantity>
internasal distance; distance between anterior nasal flap relatively smaller 2.20– 2.61 vs. ~
<quantity id="4CF69E8DE419976E60D9FBA9FB87FB80" box="[970,1037,1086,1113]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.81" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" unit="in" value="1.5">1.5 in</quantity>
length of posterior nasal aperture; nasal lamellae ~55–57 vs. ~84; tail relatively larger in length 1.15–1.48 vs. ~
<quantity id="4CF69E8DE419976E60E8FBF5FBADFBA4" box="[1019,1063,1122,1148]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
disc length; inter-dorsal distance 1.32–2.11 vs.
<quantity id="4CF69E8DE419976E6227FB11FE1AFB78" box="[308,400,1158,1185]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.715" metricValueMax="6.35" metricValueMin="5.08" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" unit="in" value="2.25" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="2.0">2–2.5 in</quantity>
first dorsal fin base length.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB13368E419976E63D4FB3DFAA0FA8C" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,1976]" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">
<taxonomicName id="4C0E48EBE419976E63D4FB3DFE68FB1C" authorityName="Habib &amp; Islam" authorityYear="2021" box="[199,482,1194,1220]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rhinobatidae" genus="Glaucostegus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="younholeei">
<emphasis id="B97AEF7AE419976E63D4FB3DFE68FB1C" box="[199,482,1194,1220]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">Glaucostegus younholeei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinct from
<taxonomicName id="4C0E48EBE419976E618EFB3CFD71FB1C" authorityName="E.T.Bennett" authorityYear="1830" box="[669,763,1195,1221]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rhinobatidae" genus="Glaucostegus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="typus">
<emphasis id="B97AEF7AE419976E618EFB3CFD71FB1C" box="[669,763,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">
G.
<typeStatus id="54B58DCAE419976E61D3FB3CFD71FB1C" box="[704,763,1195,1220]" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">typus</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having relatively large disc length 1.30–1.45 vs.
<quantity id="4CF69E8DE419976E665BFB3DFF27FB30" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.175" metricValueMax="3.302" metricValueMin="3.048" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" unit="in" value="1.25" valueMax="1.3" valueMin="1.2">1.2–1.3 in</quantity>
disc width; snout tip bluntly pointed, angle 31–40° vs. 46–52°; orbit relatively small, diameter 8.19–11.62 vs.
<quantity id="4CF69E8DE419976E6384FB65FE83FAD4" box="[151,265,1266,1292]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7652999999999999" metricValueMax="1.9812" metricValueMin="1.5493999999999999" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" unit="in" value="6.949999999999999" valueMax="7.8" valueMin="6.1">6.1–7.8 in</quantity>
preorbital length, and 2.25–2.69 vs.
<quantity id="4CF69E8DE419976E61BFFB65FC94FAD4" box="[684,798,1266,1292]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.334" metricValueMax="6.096" metricValueMin="4.572" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" unit="in" value="2.1" valueMax="2.4" valueMin="1.8">1.8–2.4 in</quantity>
interorbital space; nostril width about half of the mouth width vs. nostril almost same of the mouth width; nasal lamellae ~55–57 vs. ~94; tail relatively longer in length 1.15–1.39 vs.
<quantity id="4CF69E8DE419976E6226FAADFE2CFA8C" box="[309,422,1338,1365]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5559999999999996" metricValueMax="3.81" metricValueMin="3.302" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" unit="in" value="1.4" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.3">1.3–1.5 in</quantity>
disc length, inter-dorsal distance 1.32–2.11 vs.&gt;
<quantity id="4CF69E8DE419976E60DFFAADFC7DFA8C" box="[972,1015,1338,1364]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
first dorsal fin base length.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB13368E419976E63D4FAC9FE54F9F5" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,1976]" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">
Lastly,
<taxonomicName id="4C0E48EBE419976E620BFAC9FDB8FAA0" authorityName="Habib &amp; Islam" authorityYear="2021" box="[280,562,1374,1400]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rhinobatidae" genus="Glaucostegus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="younholeei">
<emphasis id="B97AEF7AE419976E620BFAC9FDB8FAA0" box="[280,562,1374,1400]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">Glaucostegus younholeei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C0E48EBE419976E61E5FAC8FC0DFAA0" baseAuthorityName="Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" baseAuthorityYear="1817" box="[758,903,1374,1401]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rhinobatidae" genus="Glaucostegus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cemiculus">
<emphasis id="B97AEF7AE419976E61E5FAC8FC0DFAA0" box="[758,903,1374,1401]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">G. cemiculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having relatively small disc length 1.30–1.45 vs.
<quantity id="4CF69E8DE419976E63ACFA15FEB8FA44" box="[191,306,1410,1436]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.175" metricValueMax="3.302" metricValueMin="3.048" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" unit="in" value="1.25" valueMax="1.3" valueMin="1.2">1.2–1.3 in</quantity>
disc width; snout tip bluntly pointed, angle 31–40° vs. 59–63°; orbit very small in adults, diameter 8.19–11.62 vs.
<quantity id="4CF69E8DE419976E6255FA31FE1AFA18" box="[326,400,1446,1473]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.397" metricValueMax="1.524" metricValueMin="1.27" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" unit="in" value="5.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="5.0">5–6 in</quantity>
preorbital length; relatively small orbit diameter 2.25–2.69 vs.
<quantity id="4CF69E8DE419976E6779FA31FB42FA18" box="[1130,1224,1446,1473]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.445" metricValueMax="5.08" metricValueMin="3.81" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" unit="in" value="1.75" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2 in</quantity>
interorbital space, nostril 0.98–1.33 vs.
<quantity id="4CF69E8DE419976E6290FA5DFE5BFA3C" box="[387,465,1482,1508]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5559999999999996" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" unit="in" value="1.4">1.40 in</quantity>
internasal width; nasal lamellae ~55–57 vs. ~81; tail length 1.15–1.48 vs. ~
<quantity id="4CF69E8DE419976E663BFA5DFAE2FA3C" box="[1320,1384,1482,1509]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.81" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" unit="in" value="1.5">1.5 in</quantity>
disc length; moreover,
<taxonomicName id="4C0E48EBE419976E6274FA78FE71F9D0" baseAuthorityName="Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" baseAuthorityYear="1817" box="[359,507,1518,1545]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rhinobatidae" genus="Glaucostegus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cemiculus">
<emphasis id="B97AEF7AE419976E6274FA78FE71F9D0" box="[359,507,1518,1545]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">G. cemiculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is restricted in Eastern Central Atlantic;
<collectingCountry id="F31973F8E419976E60DEFA79FBA6F9D0" box="[973,1068,1518,1544]" name="Portugal" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">Portugal</collectingCountry>
to
<collectingCountry id="F31973F8E419976E6742FA79FB2CF9D0" box="[1105,1190,1518,1544]" name="Angola" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">Angola</collectingCountry>
, including Mediterranean Sea (
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4E99E419976E6219F985FE59F9F5" author="Last, P. R. &amp; White, W. T. &amp; Carvalho, M. R. de &amp; Seret, B. &amp; Stehmann, M. F. W. &amp; Naylor, G. J. P." box="[266,467,1554,1581]" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" pagination="110 - 116" refId="ref9481" refString="Last, P. R., White, W. T., Carvalho, M. R. de, Seret, B., Stehmann, M. F. W. &amp; Naylor, G. J. P. (Eds.) (2016 a) Rays of the World. CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne, pp. 110 - 116." type="book chapter" year="2016">
Last
<emphasis id="B97AEF7AE419976E6250F984FEFEF9F4" box="[323,372,1554,1580]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">et al</emphasis>
., 2016a
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB13368E419976E63D4F9A1FC4FF860" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,1976]" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">
<emphasis id="B97AEF7AE419976E63D4F9A1FE33F988" bold="true" box="[199,441,1590,1616]" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">Genetic description.</emphasis>
The COI barcode sequences of
<taxonomicName id="4C0E48EBE419976E603FF9A0FC46F988" authorityName="Habib &amp; Islam" authorityYear="2021" box="[812,972,1590,1617]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rhinobatidae" genus="Glaucostegus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="younholeei">
<emphasis id="B97AEF7AE419976E603FF9A0FC46F988" box="[812,972,1590,1617]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">G. younholeei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
obtained from thirteen specimens of the present study and another two sequences submitted to GenBank from
<collectingCountry id="F31973F8E419976E60A8F9CDFBB4F9AC" box="[955,1086,1626,1652]" name="Bangladesh" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">Bangladesh</collectingCountry>
revealed only two haplotypes. Genetic divergence between these two haplotypes was 0.02%. Phylogenetic analysis formed a well-resolved tree of relationships at the species level (
<figureCitation id="13352FEDE419976E611CF935FDD9F964" box="[527,595,1698,1724]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1475,1499]" captionTargetBox="[151,1428,190,1442]" captionTargetId="figure-31@14.[151,1436,181,1452]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 9. Maximum-likelihood tree constructed for COI gene sequences of Glaucostegus younholeei sp. nov. and its genetically closely related congeneric species retrieved from GenBank. Values of bootstrap support of&gt;80% are shown above branches. Scale bar indicates number of nucleotide substitutions per site." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5043837" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5043837/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
). In the ML tree, all of the sequences of
<taxonomicName id="4C0E48EBE419976E6733F934FB37F964" authorityName="Habib &amp; Islam" authorityYear="2021" box="[1056,1213,1698,1725]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rhinobatidae" genus="Glaucostegus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="younholeei">
<emphasis id="B97AEF7AE419976E6733F934FB37F964" box="[1056,1213,1698,1725]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">G. younholeei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
clustered as a separate group from other congeneric species with the higher bootstrap value of over 90%. The closely related species
<taxonomicName id="4C0E48EBE419976E6692F950FE9AF8DC" baseAuthorityName="Cuvier" baseAuthorityYear="1829" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rhinobatidae" genus="Glaucostegus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="granulatus">
<emphasis id="B97AEF7AE419976E6692F950FE9AF8DC" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">G. granulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
diverged from the new species
<taxonomicName id="4C0E48EBE419976E617CF97CFC81F8DC" authorityName="Habib &amp; Islam" authorityYear="2021" box="[623,779,1770,1797]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rhinobatidae" genus="Glaucostegus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="younholeei">
<emphasis id="B97AEF7AE419976E617CF97CFC81F8DC" box="[623,779,1770,1797]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">G. younholeei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
forming a deeper and fully separate clade in the phylogeny with 100% bootstrap support. Further, the species
<taxonomicName id="4C0E48EBE419976E61C0F898FCB4F8F0" authorityName="Lacépède" authorityYear="1798" box="[723,830,1806,1833]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rhinobatidae" genus="Glaucostegus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thouin">
<emphasis id="B97AEF7AE419976E61C0F898FCB4F8F0" box="[723,830,1806,1833]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">G. thouin</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
made more distinct and deeper clade from
<taxonomicName id="4C0E48EBE419976E663EF898FF47F894" baseAuthorityName="Cuvier" baseAuthorityYear="1829" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rhinobatidae" genus="Glaucostegus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="granulatus">
<emphasis id="B97AEF7AE419976E663EF898FF47F894" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">G. granulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with 95% bootstrap support (
<figureCitation id="13352FEDE419976E610DF8A5FDE9F894" box="[542,611,1842,1868]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1475,1499]" captionTargetBox="[151,1428,190,1442]" captionTargetId="figure-31@14.[151,1436,181,1452]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 9. Maximum-likelihood tree constructed for COI gene sequences of Glaucostegus younholeei sp. nov. and its genetically closely related congeneric species retrieved from GenBank. Values of bootstrap support of&gt;80% are shown above branches. Scale bar indicates number of nucleotide substitutions per site." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5043837" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5043837/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
). So, these two species
<taxonomicName id="4C0E48EBE419976E6062F8A4FB87F894" baseAuthorityName="Cuvier" baseAuthorityYear="1829" box="[881,1037,1842,1869]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rhinobatidae" genus="Glaucostegus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="granulatus">
<emphasis id="B97AEF7AE419976E6062F8A4FB87F894" box="[881,1037,1842,1869]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">G. granulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C0E48EBE419976E6756F8A4FB3AF894" authorityName="Lacépède" authorityYear="1798" box="[1093,1200,1842,1869]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rhinobatidae" genus="Glaucostegus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thouin">
<emphasis id="B97AEF7AE419976E6756F8A4FB3AF894" box="[1093,1200,1842,1869]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">G. thouin</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are phylogenetically closer to the new species
<taxonomicName id="4C0E48EBE419976E62A9F8C0FDD2F8A8" authorityName="Habib &amp; Islam" authorityYear="2021" box="[442,600,1878,1905]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rhinobatidae" genus="Glaucostegus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="younholeei">
<emphasis id="B97AEF7AE419976E62A9F8C0FDD2F8A8" box="[442,600,1878,1905]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">G. younholeei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
than other congeneric species, and the average genetic distances between them were found 3.1% and 3.9%, respectively. Genetic divergence of
<taxonomicName id="4C0E48EBE419976E60BDF8ECFBC6F84C" authorityName="Habib &amp; Islam" authorityYear="2021" box="[942,1100,1914,1941]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rhinobatidae" genus="Glaucostegus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="younholeei">
<emphasis id="B97AEF7AE419976E60BDF8ECFBC6F84C" box="[942,1100,1914,1941]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">G. younholeei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from its all of the congeneric species used in the phylogenetic analysis varied between 3% and 18.3%.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
Reference in a new issue View git blame Copy permalink