138 lines
15 KiB
XML
138 lines
15 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="00B9E29AFFD443A0FE1F54B4E88545A5">The taxonomy of Indian gorgonians: an assessment of the descriptive records of gorgonians (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Alcyonacea) recorded as occurring in the territorial waters of India, along with neighbouring regions and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and the highlighting of perceived unethical practice</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2AE39E0E2EC93303978403E0F880BB7C">Ramvilas, Ghosh</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="877621D818ED467533605F15A30F2139" type="email">ramvilas@kufos.ac.in</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="D7DCBC4B0FBA07C3865917F8A078C0FD">Alderslade, Philip</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="DD5D59FB415520FD06DE41FED583AA72">Ranjeet, Kutty</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="2C89D0EFC1B118377752D318EDCFBEFC" type="email">ramvilas@kufos.ac.in</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="76378F50AC82FA383A32FC8325A69AB0">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="721FE3C8E7725DC48FE0615C007DF020">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="324E2EE014743AC495142D851635BD4C">2023-02-07</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="D47E3FDE290B540FB073875700C36404">5236</mods:number>
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<treatment id="0388B6417B4FFFF6FF56F9B2FA74FF36" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7639712" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209290984" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7639712" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0388B6417B4FFFF6FF56F9B2FA74FF36" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0388B6417B4FFFF6FF56F9B2FA74FF36" lastPageId="90" lastPageNumber="90" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
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<subSubSection id="C33B54DC7B4FFFF5FF56F9B2FDC0F9AA" box="[151,574,1611,1638]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9E07577B4FFFF5FF56F9B2FDC0F9AA" blockId="89.[151,574,1611,1638]" box="[151,574,1611,1638]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
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<heading id="D0D6B03B7B4FFFF5FF56F9B2FDC0F9AA" bold="true" box="[151,574,1611,1638]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B4FFFF5FF56F9B2FDC0F9AA" ID-CoL="39BQL" authority="Grasshoff, 1999" authorityName="Grasshoff" authorityYear="1999" box="[151,574,1611,1638]" class="Anthozoa" family="Ellisellidae" genus="Ellisella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nuctenea">
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B4FFFF5FF56F9B2FDC0F9AA" bold="true" box="[151,574,1611,1638]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B4FFFF5FF56F9B2FE8FF9AA" bold="true" box="[151,369,1611,1638]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Ellisella nuctenea</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B4FFFF5FEB9F9B2FDC0F9AA" author="Grasshoff, M." box="[376,574,1611,1637]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="1 - 121" refId="ref101429" refString="Grasshoff, M. (1999) The shallow water gorgonians of New Caledonia and adjacent islands (Coelenterata: Octocorallia). Senckenbergiana biologica, 78 (1 / 2), 1 - 121." type="journal article" year="1999">Grasshoff, 1999</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C33B54DC7B4FFFF5FF56F969FC70F93F" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B9E07577B4FFFF5FF56F969FC4FF967" blockId="89.[151,945,1680,1704]" box="[151,945,1680,1704]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3120797B4FFFF5FF56F969FC4FF967" box="[151,945,1680,1704]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8021467B4FFFF5FF56F969FDDEF967" author="Grasshoff, M." box="[151,544,1680,1704]" page="79" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" year="1999">
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<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B4FFFF5FF56F969FDDEF967" ID-CoL="39BQL" authority="Grasshoff, 1999: 79" authorityName="Grasshoff" authorityPageNumber="79" authorityYear="1999" box="[151,544,1680,1704]" class="Anthozoa" family="Ellisellidae" genus="Ellisella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nuctenea">
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B4FFFF5FF56F969FEB3F968" box="[151,333,1680,1704]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Ellisella nuctenea</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B4FFFF5FE95F969FDDEF967" author="Grasshoff, M." box="[340,544,1680,1704]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="1 - 121" refId="ref101429" refString="Grasshoff, M. (1999) The shallow water gorgonians of New Caledonia and adjacent islands (Coelenterata: Octocorallia). Senckenbergiana biologica, 78 (1 / 2), 1 - 121." type="journal article" year="1999">Grasshoff, 1999: 79</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, fig. 130; pl. 9, fig. 1 (
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<collectingCountry id="F33647C77B4FFFF5FCC3F969FC58F967" box="[770,934,1680,1704]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9E07577B4FFFF5FF56F92FFC70F93F" blockId="89.[151,910,1750,1776]" box="[151,910,1750,1776]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Opinion: There is no evidence that this species occurs in the region.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33B54DC7B4FFFF6FF56F8E7FA74FF36" lastPageId="90" lastPageNumber="91" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9E07577B4FFFF5FF56F8E7FED7F8F7" blockId="89.[151,1436,1822,1920]" box="[151,297,1822,1848]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Justification:</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9E07577B4FFFF5FF06F8BBFB57F84F" blockId="89.[151,1436,1822,1920]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B4FFFF5FF06F8BBFC44F893" box="[199,954,1858,1884]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">These Indian records seem to be either invalid or unconfirmable</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B4FFFF5FC0DF8BBFB1FF893" author="Kumar, J. S. Y. & Raghunathan, C. & Raghuraman, R. & Sreeraj, C. R. & Venkataraman, K." box="[972,1249,1858,1884]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" refId="ref103651" refString="Kumar, J. S. Y., Raghunathan, C., Raghuraman, R., Sreeraj, C. R. & Venkataraman, K. (2014 a) Handbook on Gorgonians (Octocorallia) of Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Director, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, 119 pp." type="book" year="2014">
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Kumar
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B4FFFF5FBE4F8BAFBA4F893" box="[1061,1114,1858,1884]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">et al</emphasis>
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. 2014a: 18
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</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 6, fig. A–C (Ritchie’s Archipelago);
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B4FFFF5FE6DF89FFD2EF84F" author="Fernando, S. & Venkataraman, K. & Raghunathan, C." box="[428,720,1894,1920]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" refId="ref100744" refString="Fernando, S. A, Venkataraman, K. & Raghunathan, C. (2017) Gorgonians of Indian sea. Director, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, 330 pp. Available from: https: // www. nhbs. com / (accessed 21 March 2022)" type="book" year="2017">
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Fernando
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B4FFFF5FDDCF89EFDB0F84F" box="[541,590,1894,1920]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">et al</emphasis>
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. 2017: 240
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</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 111, fig. A–C (Ritchie’s Archipelago).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9E07577B4FFFF6FF06F856FA74FF36" blockId="89.[151,1436,1966,2028]" lastBlockId="90.[151,1436,151,249]" lastPageId="90" lastPageNumber="91" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B4FFFF5FF06F856FE65F807" box="[199,411,1966,1992]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Literature analysis</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B4FFFF5FE6BF857FD69F807" author="Kumar, J. S. Y. & Raghunathan, C. & Raghuraman, R. & Sreeraj, C. R. & Venkataraman, K." box="[426,663,1966,1992]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" refId="ref103651" refString="Kumar, J. S. Y., Raghunathan, C., Raghuraman, R., Sreeraj, C. R. & Venkataraman, K. (2014 a) Handbook on Gorgonians (Octocorallia) of Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Director, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, 119 pp." type="book" year="2014">
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Kumar
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B4FFFF5FDC1F856FDC6F807" box="[512,568,1966,1992]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">et al.</emphasis>
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(2014a)
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</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B4FFFF5FD0FF857FC34F807" author="Fernando, S. & Venkataraman, K. & Raghunathan, C." box="[718,970,1966,1992]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" refId="ref100744" refString="Fernando, S. A, Venkataraman, K. & Raghunathan, C. (2017) Gorgonians of Indian sea. Director, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, 330 pp. Available from: https: // www. nhbs. com / (accessed 21 March 2022)" type="book" year="2017">
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Fernando
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B4FFFF5FC81F856FC86F807" box="[832,888,1966,1992]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">et al.</emphasis>
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(2017)
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</bibRefCitation>
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both present an identical description, but the true characteristics of their material are unknown as some of the sclerites figures are shared in modified form with the description of
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<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B4CFFF6FE69FF6EFD33FF7E" authority="Grasshoff, 1999" authorityName="Grasshoff" authorityYear="1999" box="[424,717,151,177]" class="Anthozoa" family="Ellisellidae" genus="Ellisella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="azilia">
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B4CFFF6FE69FF6EFDF6FF7E" box="[424,520,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">E. azilia</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B4CFFF6FDD3FF6EFD33FF7E" author="Grasshoff, M." box="[530,717,151,177]" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" pagination="1 - 121" refId="ref101429" refString="Grasshoff, M. (1999) The shallow water gorgonians of New Caledonia and adjacent islands (Coelenterata: Octocorallia). Senckenbergiana biologica, 78 (1 / 2), 1 - 121." type="journal article" year="1999">Grasshoff, 1999</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and the text has been copied from Grasshoff’s description of
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<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B4CFFF6FF56FF42FE9FFF1B" authorityName="Grasshoff" authorityYear="1999" box="[151,353,187,213]" class="Anthozoa" family="Ellisellidae" genus="Ellisella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nuctenea">
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B4CFFF6FF56FF42FE9FFF1B" box="[151,353,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">Ellisella nuctenea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. What sclerites they do show are quite unlike those of this species, and the form of their colony is quite different to that of the copiously branched
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<typeStatus id="549AB9F57B4CFFF6FD0FFF26FCCAFF36" box="[718,820,223,249]" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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. This species is probably endemic to
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<collectingCountry id="F33647C77B4CFFF6FB15FF26FA7BFF36" box="[1236,1413,223,249]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |