325 lines
49 KiB
XML
325 lines
49 KiB
XML
<document id="FFD3DC6ADC8C2B639184E2A7745290C7" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3926.2.6" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c39f9f32-f61d-4d41-acfd-3d258b0d1ce6" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="232412" ID-ZooBank="3367EA0E-C55F-4AB1-A88C-BF8830BA7DFA" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461007420280" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Patoleta, Barbara & Żabka, Marek" docDate="2015" docId="DE3A1527E970FFE8E3D5FF65FA8F7D1D" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03926p267.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3926 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Proszynellus Patoleta & Żabka, 2015, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="258" masterDocId="22036D5FE971FFE9E342FFB8FFA27A77" masterDocTitle="Proszynellus — a new jumping spider genus from Australia (Araneae: Salticidae)" masterLastPageNumber="267" masterPageNumber="257" pageNumber="258" updateTime="1698565867564" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="C5C7A5495ADFB53BFFB5636907221C63">Proszynellus — a new jumping spider genus from Australia (Araneae: Salticidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="888CC3D7D32D6180B8A75F07FF115998">Patoleta, Barbara</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8F284D967A250E6ADC163CAA776D5163">Żabka, Marek</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="2BCE141300713853DBE494E95D8AF514">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="816B37F487EAB5201BE600614CFA81B5">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="6E4CA25037659CDD1A1A0D22BBA22812">
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<mods:date id="C5E402BFCE935F63583B3FE497B2ECB7">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="0D350BDC9F413087A8FF19EA604DC3B6">3926</mods:number>
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<treatment id="DE3A1527E970FFE8E3D5FF65FA8F7D1D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6097710" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119599325" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6097710" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DE3A1527E970FFE8E3D5FF65FA8F7D1D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DE3A1527E970FFE8E3D5FF65FA8F7D1D" lastPageNumber="258" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">
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<subSubSection id="1E89F7BAE970FFE8E3D5FF65FE077A80" box="[151,421,221,247]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="562CA431E970FFE8E3D5FF65FE077A80" blockId="1.[151,421,221,247]" box="[151,421,221,247]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">
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<heading id="0D64135DE970FFE8E3D5FF65FE077A80" bold="true" box="[151,421,221,247]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="64E77823E970FFE8E3D5FF65FE077A80" bold="true" box="[151,421,221,247]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">
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<taxonomicName id="9193DFB2E970FFE8E3D5FF65FE927A80" ID-CoL="6XBJ" box="[151,304,221,247]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Proszynellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="64E77823E970FFE8E3D5FF65FE927A80" bold="true" box="[151,304,221,247]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">Proszynellus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="7FD4C558E970FFE8E275FF65FE077A80" box="[311,421,221,247]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1E89F7BAE970FFE8E3D5FE9DFDE87B4D" box="[151,586,292,314]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="562CA431E970FFE8E3D5FE9DFDE87B4D" blockId="1.[151,586,292,314]" box="[151,586,292,314]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">
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<typeStatus id="89281A93E970FFE8E3D5FE9DFF6B7B4D" box="[151,201,293,314]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="9193DFB2E970FFE8E264FE9CFE577B4E" box="[294,501,292,313]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Proszynellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nasalis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="64E77823E970FFE8E264FE9CFE577B4E" box="[294,501,292,313]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">Proszynellus nasalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="7FD4C558E970FFE8E2B9FE9DFDE87B4D" box="[507,586,293,314]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1E89F7BAE970FFE8E3D5FEDEFC4E7BD1" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="562CA431E970FFE8E3D5FEDEFC4E7BD1" blockId="1.[151,1437,358,1898]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">
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<emphasis id="64E77823E970FFE8E3D5FEDEFEBC7B08" bold="true" box="[151,286,358,383]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">Etymology.</emphasis>
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The genus is described in honour of Professor Jerzy Prószyński, world authority in salticid taxonomy and biogeography, on his 80th anniversary. The name is masculine in gender.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1E89F7BAE970FFE8E385FE09FDE37945" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="562CA431E970FFE8E385FE09FDE37945" blockId="1.[151,1437,358,1898]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">
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<emphasis id="64E77823E970FFE8E385FE09FEE37BBD" bold="true" box="[199,321,433,458]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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The genus is distinguished by the following combination of characters: male palpal organ with a femoral bump (
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<figureCitation id="CEA8B8B4E970FFE8E20EFE6DFE3B7B9A" box="[332,409,469,494]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 10" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1876,1899]" captionTargetBox="[215,1354,197,1826]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[212,1360,193,1840]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 10. Proszynellus nasalis sp. nov. 1 male holotype, dorsal view; 2 same, ventral view; 3 same, chelicerae, endites and labium, ventral view; 4 same, cephalothorax, lateral view; 5 same, frontal view; 6 same, left palp, retrolateral view; 7 same, prolateral view; 8 same, ventro-lateral view, showing detail of embolus tip; 9 same, ventral view; 10 same, retrolateral view (cf: cymbial flange, e: embolus, ep: endite protuberance, fb: femoral bump, m: membranous structure, pp: pars pendula, rta: retrolateral tibial apophysis, tl: posterior tegular lobe). Scale: 1 – 5 = 1 mm, 9 – 10 = as in Fig." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/232413/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">Figs 7</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="CEA8B8B4E970FFE8E2EBFE6EFE657B99" box="[425,455,470,494]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 30" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1873,1896]" captionTargetBox="[220,1359,200,1831]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[212,1368,193,1841]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 30. Proszynellus wandae sp. nov. 19 male holotype, dorsal view; 20 same, lateral view; 21 same, ventral view; 22 same, frontal view; 23 same, endites, labium and chelicerae, ventral view; 24 same, left palp, ventral view; 25 same, detail of embolus, proventral view; 26 same, prolateral view; 27 same, prolateral view; 28 same, ventral view; 29 same, retrolateral view; 30 male paratype, left palp, detail of embolus (e: embolus, ep: endite protuberance, fb: femoral bump, m: membranous structure, rta: retrolateral tibial apophysis, tl: posterior tegular lobe). Scale: 19 – 22 = 1 mm, 28 – 29 = as in Fig." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/232416/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">27</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="CEA8B8B4E970FFE8E295FE6DFE547B99" box="[471,502,469,494]" captionStart="FIGURES 39 – 48" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1886,1909]" captionTargetBox="[209,1356,201,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[204,1366,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 39 – 48. Proszynellus occidentalis sp. nov. 39 male holotype, dorsal view; 40 same, ventral view; 41 same, cephalothorax, lateral view; 42 same, frontal view; 43 same, endites, labium and chelicerae, ventral view; 44 same, left palp, retrolateral tibial apophysis; 45 same, dorsal view; 46 same, prolateral view; 47 same, ventral view; 48 same, retrolateral view (e: embolus, fa: femoral apophysis, ep: endite protuberance, m: membranous structure, rta: retrolateral tibial apophysis, tl: posterior tegular lobe). Scale: 39 – 40 = 1 mm, 47 – 48 = as in Fig." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/232418/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">46</figureCitation>
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), similar to that of a couple of unrelated Australian genera, namely
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<taxonomicName id="9193DFB2E970FFE8E65EFE6DFE857865" authority="Zabka, 1992" authorityName="Zabka" authorityYear="1992" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Grayenulla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="64E77823E970FFE8E65EFE6DFA397B9A" box="[1308,1435,469,493]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">Grayenulla</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="3202D9C0E970FFE8E3D5FE41FE857865" author="Zabka" box="[151,295,505,530]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" refString="Zabka, M. (1992) Salticidae (Arachnida: Araneae) of Oriental, Australian and Pacific Regions, VII. Grayenulla and Paraplatoides - new genera from Australia. Records of the Australian Museum, 44, 167 - 183. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.44.1992.31" type="journal article" year="1992">Żabka, 1992</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="9193DFB2E970FFE8E224FE41FD7A7865" authority="Zabka, 1991" authorityName="Zabka" authorityYear="1991" box="[358,728,505,530]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Pseudosynagelides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="64E77823E970FFE8E224FE41FD997866" box="[358,571,505,529]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">Pseudosynagelides</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="3202D9C0E970FFE8E104FE41FD7A7865" author="Zabka" box="[582,728,505,530]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" refString="Zabka, M. (1991) Salticidae (Arachnida: Araneae) of Oriental, Australian and Pacific Regions, VI. Mopsolodes, Abracadabrella and Pseudosynagelides - new genera from Australia. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 30, 621 - 644." type="journal article" year="1991">Żabka, 1991</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and in
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<taxonomicName id="9193DFB2E970FFE8E07CFE41FB3C7865" authority="C.L. Koch, 1833" authorityName="C.L. Koch" authorityYear="1833" box="[830,1182,505,530]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Heliophanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="64E77823E970FFE8E07CFE41FC6F7866" box="[830,973,505,529]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">Heliophanus</emphasis>
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C.L. Koch, 1833
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</taxonomicName>
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, genus not present in
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<collectingCountry id="2E84E4A1E970FFE8E3D5FDA5FF5C7841" box="[151,254,541,566]" name="Australia" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">Australia</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="3202D9C0E970FFE8E24CFDA5FE417841" author="Wesolowska" box="[270,483,541,566]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" refString="Wesolowska, W. (1986) A revision of the genus Heliophanus C. L. Koch, 1833 (Aranei, Salticidae). Annales Zoologici, 40, 1 - 254." type="journal article" year="1986">Wesołowska 1986</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="3202D9C0E970FFE8E2B2FDA5FDD87841" author="Zabka" box="[496,634,541,566]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" refString="Zabka, M. (1991) Salticidae (Arachnida: Araneae) of Oriental, Australian and Pacific Regions, VI. Mopsolodes, Abracadabrella and Pseudosynagelides - new genera from Australia. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 30, 621 - 644." type="journal article" year="1991">Żabka 1991</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="3202D9C0E970FFE8E1CBFDA6FD677841" author="Zabka" box="[649,709,542,566]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" refString="Zabka, M. (1992) Salticidae (Arachnida: Araneae) of Oriental, Australian and Pacific Regions, VII. Grayenulla and Paraplatoides - new genera from Australia. Records of the Australian Museum, 44, 167 - 183. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.44.1992.31" type="journal article" year="1992">1992</bibRefCitation>
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). Posterior lobe of bulbus with a unique membranous structure (
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<figureCitation id="CEA8B8B4E970FFE8E3DDFDF9FF45782E" box="[159,231,577,602]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 10" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1876,1899]" captionTargetBox="[215,1354,197,1826]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[212,1360,193,1840]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 10. Proszynellus nasalis sp. nov. 1 male holotype, dorsal view; 2 same, ventral view; 3 same, chelicerae, endites and labium, ventral view; 4 same, cephalothorax, lateral view; 5 same, frontal view; 6 same, left palp, retrolateral view; 7 same, prolateral view; 8 same, ventro-lateral view, showing detail of embolus tip; 9 same, ventral view; 10 same, retrolateral view (cf: cymbial flange, e: embolus, ep: endite protuberance, fb: femoral bump, m: membranous structure, pp: pars pendula, rta: retrolateral tibial apophysis, tl: posterior tegular lobe). Scale: 1 – 5 = 1 mm, 9 – 10 = as in Fig." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/232413/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">Figs 7</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="CEA8B8B4E970FFE8E3B6FDFAFEB0782D" box="[244,274,578,602]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 30" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1873,1896]" captionTargetBox="[220,1359,200,1831]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[212,1368,193,1841]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 30. Proszynellus wandae sp. nov. 19 male holotype, dorsal view; 20 same, lateral view; 21 same, ventral view; 22 same, frontal view; 23 same, endites, labium and chelicerae, ventral view; 24 same, left palp, ventral view; 25 same, detail of embolus, proventral view; 26 same, prolateral view; 27 same, prolateral view; 28 same, ventral view; 29 same, retrolateral view; 30 male paratype, left palp, detail of embolus (e: embolus, ep: endite protuberance, fb: femoral bump, m: membranous structure, rta: retrolateral tibial apophysis, tl: posterior tegular lobe). Scale: 19 – 22 = 1 mm, 28 – 29 = as in Fig." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/232416/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">27</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="CEA8B8B4E970FFE8E25FFDF9FE9F782D" box="[285,317,577,602]" captionStart="FIGURES 39 – 48" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1886,1909]" captionTargetBox="[209,1356,201,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[204,1366,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 39 – 48. Proszynellus occidentalis sp. nov. 39 male holotype, dorsal view; 40 same, ventral view; 41 same, cephalothorax, lateral view; 42 same, frontal view; 43 same, endites, labium and chelicerae, ventral view; 44 same, left palp, retrolateral tibial apophysis; 45 same, dorsal view; 46 same, prolateral view; 47 same, ventral view; 48 same, retrolateral view (e: embolus, fa: femoral apophysis, ep: endite protuberance, m: membranous structure, rta: retrolateral tibial apophysis, tl: posterior tegular lobe). Scale: 39 – 40 = 1 mm, 47 – 48 = as in Fig." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/232418/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">46</figureCitation>
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). Embolus arises as the continuation of bulbus and is sometimes accompanied by membranous
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<emphasis id="64E77823E970FFE8E628FDFAFF53780A" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">pars pendula</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="CEA8B8B4E970FFE8E243FDDDFEE77809" box="[257,325,613,638]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 10" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1876,1899]" captionTargetBox="[215,1354,197,1826]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[212,1360,193,1840]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 10. Proszynellus nasalis sp. nov. 1 male holotype, dorsal view; 2 same, ventral view; 3 same, chelicerae, endites and labium, ventral view; 4 same, cephalothorax, lateral view; 5 same, frontal view; 6 same, left palp, retrolateral view; 7 same, prolateral view; 8 same, ventro-lateral view, showing detail of embolus tip; 9 same, ventral view; 10 same, retrolateral view (cf: cymbial flange, e: embolus, ep: endite protuberance, fb: femoral bump, m: membranous structure, pp: pars pendula, rta: retrolateral tibial apophysis, tl: posterior tegular lobe). Scale: 1 – 5 = 1 mm, 9 – 10 = as in Fig." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/232413/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
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), like in possibly related
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<taxonomicName id="9193DFB2E970FFE8E121FDDEFCDF7809" authority="Simon, 1868" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1868" box="[611,893,613,638]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Menemerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="64E77823E970FFE8E121FDDEFD44780A" box="[611,742,614,637]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">Menemerus</emphasis>
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Simon, 1868
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</taxonomicName>
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(see e.g.
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<bibRefCitation id="3202D9C0E970FFE8E0ABFDDDFB467809" author="Davies" box="[1001,1252,613,638]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" refString="Davies, T. V. & Zabka, M. (1989) Illustrated keys to the genera of jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae) in Australia. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 27, 189 - 266." type="journal article" year="1989">Davies & Żabka 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 55, marked as membranous conductor). Epigyne with a large caudal lobe/scape (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CEA8B8B4E970FFE8E0DDFD31FC5478D5" box="[927,1014,649,674]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 18" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1919,1942]" captionTargetBox="[202,1379,219,1876]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[199,1387,193,1898]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 18. Proszynellus nasalis sp. nov. 11 female paratype, dorsal view; 12 same, ventral view; 13 same, lateral view; 14 same, frontal view; 15 same, endites, labium and chelicerae, ventral view; 16 – 17 same, epigyne, ventral view; 18 same, vulva, dorsal view (ag: accessory gland, cl: caudal lobe, cd: copulatory duct, co: copulatory opening, dch: distal chamber, pch: proximal chamber, s: spermatheca). Scale: 11 – 14 = 1 mm, 17 = as in Fig." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/232414/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">Figs 17</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="CEA8B8B4E970FFE8E741FD32FB8078D5" box="[1027,1058,650,674]" captionStart="FIGURES 31 – 38" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1911,1934]" captionTargetBox="[207,1376,198,1883]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[201,1385,193,1891]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 31 – 38. Proszynellus wandae sp. nov. 31 female paratype, dorsal view; 32 same, ventral view; 33 same, lateral view; 34 same, frontal view; 35 same, endites, labium and chelicerae, ventral view; 36 – 37 same, epigyne, ventral view; 38 same, vulva, dorsal view (ag: accessory gland, cl: caudal lobe, cd: copulatory duct, co: copulatory opening, dch: distal chamber, pch: proximal chamber, s: spermatheca). Scale: 31 – 34 = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/232417/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">37</figureCitation>
|
||
), also present in single species of unrelated Australian Astieae and Dioleniae (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3202D9C0E970FFE8E194FD15FC4278B1" author="Davies" box="[726,992,685,710]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" refString="Davies, T. V. & Zabka, M. (1989) Illustrated keys to the genera of jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae) in Australia. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 27, 189 - 266." type="journal article" year="1989">Davies & Żabka 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, figs 19, 21) and in some species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9193DFB2E970FFE8E3D5FD69FF5C789E" box="[151,254,721,745]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Phintella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64E77823E970FFE8E3D5FD69FF5C789E" box="[151,254,721,745]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">Phintella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, genus not recorded in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2E84E4A1E970FFE8E150FD69FDDB789D" box="[530,633,721,746]" name="Australia" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3202D9C0E970FFE8E1FFFD69FCEB789D" author="Zabka" box="[701,841,721,746]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" refString="Zabka, M. (1985) Systematic and zoogeographic study on the family Salticidae (Araneae) from Viet-Nam. Annales Zoologici, 39, 197 - 485." type="journal article" year="1985">Żabka 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Internal female genitalia (vulva) similar to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9193DFB2E970FFE8E3D5FD4EFEB8797A" box="[151,282,758,781]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Menemerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64E77823E970FFE8E3D5FD4EFEB8797A" box="[151,282,758,781]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">Menemerus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with two (proximal and distal) chambers connected by a straight duct (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CEA8B8B4E970FFE8E729FD4DFB677979" box="[1131,1221,757,782]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 18" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1919,1942]" captionTargetBox="[202,1379,219,1876]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[199,1387,193,1898]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 18. Proszynellus nasalis sp. nov. 11 female paratype, dorsal view; 12 same, ventral view; 13 same, lateral view; 14 same, frontal view; 15 same, endites, labium and chelicerae, ventral view; 16 – 17 same, epigyne, ventral view; 18 same, vulva, dorsal view (ag: accessory gland, cl: caudal lobe, cd: copulatory duct, co: copulatory opening, dch: distal chamber, pch: proximal chamber, s: spermatheca). Scale: 11 – 14 = 1 mm, 17 = as in Fig." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/232414/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">Figs 18</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="CEA8B8B4E970FFE8E796FD4EFB567979" box="[1236,1268,758,782]" captionStart="FIGURES 31 – 38" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1911,1934]" captionTargetBox="[207,1376,198,1883]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[201,1385,193,1891]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 31 – 38. Proszynellus wandae sp. nov. 31 female paratype, dorsal view; 32 same, ventral view; 33 same, lateral view; 34 same, frontal view; 35 same, endites, labium and chelicerae, ventral view; 36 – 37 same, epigyne, ventral view; 38 same, vulva, dorsal view (ag: accessory gland, cl: caudal lobe, cd: copulatory duct, co: copulatory opening, dch: distal chamber, pch: proximal chamber, s: spermatheca). Scale: 31 – 34 = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/232417/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">38</figureCitation>
|
||
). Spermatheca coiled in distal chamber (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CEA8B8B4E970FFE8E2F0FCA1FDAB7945" box="[434,521,793,818]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 18" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1919,1942]" captionTargetBox="[202,1379,219,1876]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[199,1387,193,1898]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 18. Proszynellus nasalis sp. nov. 11 female paratype, dorsal view; 12 same, ventral view; 13 same, lateral view; 14 same, frontal view; 15 same, endites, labium and chelicerae, ventral view; 16 – 17 same, epigyne, ventral view; 18 same, vulva, dorsal view (ag: accessory gland, cl: caudal lobe, cd: copulatory duct, co: copulatory opening, dch: distal chamber, pch: proximal chamber, s: spermatheca). Scale: 11 – 14 = 1 mm, 17 = as in Fig." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/232414/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">Figs 18</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="CEA8B8B4E970FFE8E157FCA2FD977945" box="[533,565,794,818]" captionStart="FIGURES 31 – 38" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1911,1934]" captionTargetBox="[207,1376,198,1883]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[201,1385,193,1891]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 31 – 38. Proszynellus wandae sp. nov. 31 female paratype, dorsal view; 32 same, ventral view; 33 same, lateral view; 34 same, frontal view; 35 same, endites, labium and chelicerae, ventral view; 36 – 37 same, epigyne, ventral view; 38 same, vulva, dorsal view (ag: accessory gland, cl: caudal lobe, cd: copulatory duct, co: copulatory opening, dch: distal chamber, pch: proximal chamber, s: spermatheca). Scale: 31 – 34 = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/232417/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">38</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1E89F7BAE970FFE8E385FC85FE287D55" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="562CA431E970FFE8E385FC85FD037E95" blockId="1.[151,1437,358,1898]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">
|
||
<emphasis id="64E77823E970FFE8E385FC85FEFB7921" bold="true" box="[199,345,829,854]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Small, slender and flattened fissident spiders (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CEA8B8B4E970FFE8E03CFC85FC617921" box="[894,963,829,854]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 10" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1876,1899]" captionTargetBox="[215,1354,197,1826]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[212,1360,193,1840]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 10. Proszynellus nasalis sp. nov. 1 male holotype, dorsal view; 2 same, ventral view; 3 same, chelicerae, endites and labium, ventral view; 4 same, cephalothorax, lateral view; 5 same, frontal view; 6 same, left palp, retrolateral view; 7 same, prolateral view; 8 same, ventro-lateral view, showing detail of embolus tip; 9 same, ventral view; 10 same, retrolateral view (cf: cymbial flange, e: embolus, ep: endite protuberance, fb: femoral bump, m: membranous structure, pp: pars pendula, rta: retrolateral tibial apophysis, tl: posterior tegular lobe). Scale: 1 – 5 = 1 mm, 9 – 10 = as in Fig." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/232413/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<quantity id="916B09D4E970FFE8E0A2FC85FBC87922" box="[992,1130,829,854]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.15" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" unit="mm" value="3.15" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="2.8">2.8–3.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long. Thoracic part much longer than cephalic (EFL <42% of CL); fovea located well behind the eye field, in the middle of thorax. Abdomen ovoid-elongate, dark, with lighter markings or chevrons. Spinnerets not distinctive. Clypeus very narrow (<7% of AME diameter); chelicerae vertical or slightly projecting, with two single prolateral teeth and one fissident retrolateral tooth. Maxillae/endites in males with protuberance (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CEA8B8B4E970FFE8E083FC75FBAB7991" box="[961,1033,973,998]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 10" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1876,1899]" captionTargetBox="[215,1354,197,1826]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[212,1360,193,1840]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 10. Proszynellus nasalis sp. nov. 1 male holotype, dorsal view; 2 same, ventral view; 3 same, chelicerae, endites and labium, ventral view; 4 same, cephalothorax, lateral view; 5 same, frontal view; 6 same, left palp, retrolateral view; 7 same, prolateral view; 8 same, ventro-lateral view, showing detail of embolus tip; 9 same, ventral view; 10 same, retrolateral view (cf: cymbial flange, e: embolus, ep: endite protuberance, fb: femoral bump, m: membranous structure, pp: pars pendula, rta: retrolateral tibial apophysis, tl: posterior tegular lobe). Scale: 1 – 5 = 1 mm, 9 – 10 = as in Fig." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/232413/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">Figs 3</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="CEA8B8B4E970FFE8E757FC76FB917991" box="[1045,1075,974,998]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 30" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1873,1896]" captionTargetBox="[220,1359,200,1831]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[212,1368,193,1841]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 30. Proszynellus wandae sp. nov. 19 male holotype, dorsal view; 20 same, lateral view; 21 same, ventral view; 22 same, frontal view; 23 same, endites, labium and chelicerae, ventral view; 24 same, left palp, ventral view; 25 same, detail of embolus, proventral view; 26 same, prolateral view; 27 same, prolateral view; 28 same, ventral view; 29 same, retrolateral view; 30 male paratype, left palp, detail of embolus (e: embolus, ep: endite protuberance, fb: femoral bump, m: membranous structure, rta: retrolateral tibial apophysis, tl: posterior tegular lobe). Scale: 19 – 22 = 1 mm, 28 – 29 = as in Fig." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/232416/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">23</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="CEA8B8B4E970FFE8E77CFC76FBFC7991" box="[1086,1118,974,998]" captionStart="FIGURES 39 – 48" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1886,1909]" captionTargetBox="[209,1356,201,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[204,1366,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 39 – 48. Proszynellus occidentalis sp. nov. 39 male holotype, dorsal view; 40 same, ventral view; 41 same, cephalothorax, lateral view; 42 same, frontal view; 43 same, endites, labium and chelicerae, ventral view; 44 same, left palp, retrolateral tibial apophysis; 45 same, dorsal view; 46 same, prolateral view; 47 same, ventral view; 48 same, retrolateral view (e: embolus, fa: femoral apophysis, ep: endite protuberance, m: membranous structure, rta: retrolateral tibial apophysis, tl: posterior tegular lobe). Scale: 39 – 40 = 1 mm, 47 – 48 = as in Fig." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/232418/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">43</figureCitation>
|
||
). Labium wider than long (<50% of endites’ length). Sternum and venter not distinctive. Fourth legs the longest, followed the first, more robust than others, especially in males. Legs 3 and 2 shorter (for leg formula, see species’ descriptions). First tibiae and metatarsi with pairs of strong ventral spines (2-2-2 and 2-2, respectively). Bump on palpal femur only slightly marked (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9193DFB2E970FFE8E3BDFBE6FECC7E02" box="[255,366,1117,1141]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Proszynellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nasalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="64E77823E970FFE8E3BDFBE6FEAF7E02" box="[255,269,1118,1141]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="64E77823E970FFE8E25DFBE5FECC7E02" box="[287,366,1117,1141]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">nasalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9193DFB2E970FFE8E23DFBE6FE557E02" box="[383,503,1117,1141]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Proszynellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wandae">
|
||
<emphasis id="64E77823E970FFE8E23DFBE6FE2F7E02" box="[383,397,1118,1141]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="64E77823E970FFE8E2E2FBE5FE557E02" box="[416,503,1117,1141]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">wandae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) or in the form of an apophysis (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9193DFB2E970FFE8E0C5FBE6FB8C7E02" box="[903,1070,1117,1141]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Proszynellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="64E77823E970FFE8E0C5FBE6FC377E02" box="[903,917,1118,1141]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="64E77823E970FFE8E0E5FBE5FB8C7E02" box="[935,1070,1117,1141]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">occidentalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Palpal tibia complicated with different shapes of apophyses (see species descriptions). In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9193DFB2E970FFE8E078FB3AFC047EEE" box="[826,934,1153,1177]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Proszynellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nasalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="64E77823E970FFE8E078FB3AFCEA7EEE" box="[826,840,1154,1177]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="64E77823E970FFE8E015FB39FC047EEE" box="[855,934,1153,1177]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">nasalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, there is a cymbial flange. Seminal duct not meandering. Epigyne with single (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9193DFB2E970FFE8E15BFB1EFD217ECA" box="[537,643,1189,1213]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Proszynellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nasalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="64E77823E970FFE8E15BFB1EFD857ECA" box="[537,551,1190,1213]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="64E77823E970FFE8E176FB1DFD217ECA" box="[564,643,1189,1213]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">nasalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) or bilobate scape (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9193DFB2E970FFE8E020FB1EFC777ECA" box="[866,981,1189,1213]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Proszynellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wandae">
|
||
<emphasis id="64E77823E970FFE8E020FB1EFCD27ECA" box="[866,880,1190,1213]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="64E77823E970FFE8E03CFB1DFC777ECA" box="[894,981,1189,1213]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">wandae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Copulatory openings oriented laterally (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9193DFB2E970FFE8E3E2FB72FEA97E96" box="[160,267,1225,1249]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Proszynellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nasalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="64E77823E970FFE8E3E2FB72FF0C7E96" box="[160,174,1226,1249]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="64E77823E970FFE8E3FEFB71FEA97E96" box="[188,267,1225,1249]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">nasalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) or towards each other (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9193DFB2E970FFE8E15CFB72FD337E96" box="[542,657,1225,1249]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Proszynellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wandae">
|
||
<emphasis id="64E77823E970FFE8E15CFB72FD8E7E96" box="[542,556,1226,1249]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="64E77823E970FFE8E178FB71FD337E96" box="[570,657,1225,1249]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">wandae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="562CA431E970FFE8E385FB55FE287D55" blockId="1.[151,1437,358,1898]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">
|
||
<emphasis id="64E77823E970FFE8E385FB55FED27F71" bold="true" box="[199,368,1261,1286]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">Relationships.</emphasis>
|
||
For many decades after Simon’s monumental works (
|
||
<date id="222D82F1E970FFE8E0A4FB56FBC17F71" box="[998,1123,1262,1286]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" value="1901" valueMax="1903">1901-1903</date>
|
||
), the discussion on salticid relationships was based upon morphological characters and resulted in several important works by Wanless, Galiano, Prószyński and others (review in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3202D9C0E970FFE8E134FA8DFCC97F39" author="Maddison" box="[630,875,1333,1358]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" refString="Maddison, W. P., Li, D., Bodner, M., Zhang, J., Xu, X., Li, Q. & Li, F. (2014) The deep phylogeny of jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae). ZooKeys, 440, 57 - 87. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 440.7891" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Maddison
|
||
<emphasis id="64E77823E970FFE8E1ACFA8EFCBD7F3A" box="[750,799,1333,1357]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Within the last decade or so, molecular methods have widely been applied, mostly by Prof. Wayne Maddison and his team (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3202D9C0E970FFE8E75CFAE1FA837F05" author="Maddison" box="[1054,1313,1369,1394]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" refString="Maddison, W. P., Bodner, M. R. & Needham, K. M. (2008) Salticid spider phylogeny revisited, with the discovery of a large Australasian clade (Araneae: Salticidae). Zootaxa, 1893, 49 - 64." type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||
Maddison
|
||
<emphasis id="64E77823E970FFE8E7DEFAE2FB717F06" box="[1180,1235,1369,1393]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2008
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3202D9C0E970FFE8E670FAE1FEEF7FE1" author="Zhang" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" refString="Zhang, J. & Maddison, W. P. (2013) Molecular phylogeny, divergence times and biogeography of spiders of the subfamily Euophryinae (Araneae: Salticidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 68, 81 - 92. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2013.03.017" type="journal article" year="2013">Zhang & Maddison 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3202D9C0E970FFE8E21EFAC5FDF57FE1" author="Maddison" box="[348,599,1405,1430]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" refString="Maddison, W. P., Li, D., Bodner, M., Zhang, J., Xu, X., Li, Q. & Li, F. (2014) The deep phylogeny of jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae). ZooKeys, 440, 57 - 87. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 440.7891" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Maddison
|
||
<emphasis id="64E77823E970FFE8E295FAC6FDA97FE2" box="[471,523,1405,1429]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and have brought unexpected results. The multi-gene analyses of nonsalticoid clades (cocalodines, lapsines,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9193DFB2E970FFE8E10FFA19FD737FCD" box="[589,721,1441,1466]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Spartaeinae">Spartaeinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) basically supported some earlier morphology-based views, but the results for salticoids appeared revolutionary (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3202D9C0E970FFE8E1FDFA7DFC177FA9" author="Maddison" box="[703,949,1477,1502]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" refString="Maddison, W. P., Li, D., Bodner, M., Zhang, J., Xu, X., Li, Q. & Li, F. (2014) The deep phylogeny of jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae). ZooKeys, 440, 57 - 87. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 440.7891" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Maddison
|
||
<emphasis id="64E77823E970FFE8E07AFA7EFCD07FAA" box="[824,882,1477,1501]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), proving that the higher salticid taxonomy has to be verified using molecular methods. For now, there is only morphological data available for the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9193DFB2E970FFE8E3D5F9B5FE877C52" box="[151,293,1549,1573]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Proszynellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64E77823E970FFE8E3D5F9B5FE877C52" box="[151,293,1549,1573]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">Proszynellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and following
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3202D9C0E970FFE8E295F9B5FD787C51" box="[471,730,1549,1574]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" refString="Maddison, W. P., Bodner, M. R. & Needham, K. M. (2008) Salticid spider phylogeny revisited, with the discovery of a large Australasian clade (Araneae: Salticidae). Zootaxa, 1893, 49 - 64." type="journal article">
|
||
Maddison
|
||
<emphasis id="64E77823E970FFE8E10CF9B6FDDD7C52" box="[590,639,1549,1573]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2008)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, it can be provisionally placed within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9193DFB2E970FFE8E7EDF9B5FAF07C51" box="[1199,1362,1549,1574]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Heliophaninae">Heliophaninae</taxonomicName>
|
||
clade, with the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9193DFB2E970FFE8E208F98AFDBD7C3D" authority="Simon" authorityName="Simon" box="[330,543,1585,1610]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Menemerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64E77823E970FFE8E208F98AFE6F7C3E" box="[330,461,1586,1609]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">Menemerus</emphasis>
|
||
Simon
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
being especially close. Both share similar palpal tibiae, more or less marked cymbial flange and membranous
|
||
<emphasis id="64E77823E970FFE8E14BF9EEFD397C1A" box="[521,667,1621,1645]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">pars pendula</emphasis>
|
||
. Also, in some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9193DFB2E970FFE8E00BF9EEFC6E7C1A" box="[841,972,1622,1645]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Menemerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64E77823E970FFE8E00BF9EEFC6E7C1A" box="[841,972,1622,1645]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">Menemerus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species the internal female genitalia have strongly sclerotised chambers with thin coiled ducts inside (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3202D9C0E970FFE8E079F9C1FBAC7CE5" author="Wesolowska" box="[827,1038,1657,1682]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" refString="Wesolowska, W. (1999) A revision of the spider genus Menemerus in Africa (Araneae: Salticidae). Genus, 10, 251 - 353." type="journal article" year="1999">Wesołowska 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Three other genera,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9193DFB2E970FFE8E644F9C1FA377CE6" box="[1286,1429,1657,1681]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Heliophanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64E77823E970FFE8E644F9C1FA377CE6" box="[1286,1429,1657,1681]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">Heliophanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9193DFB2E970FFE8E3D5F925FE377CC1" authority="Strand, 1906" authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1906" box="[151,405,1693,1718]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Phintella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64E77823E970FFE8E3D5F925FF5C7CC2" box="[151,254,1693,1717]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">Phintella</emphasis>
|
||
Strand, 1906
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9193DFB2E970FFE8E28CF925FD7D7CC1" authority="Simon, 1885" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1885" box="[462,735,1693,1718]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Pseudicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64E77823E970FFE8E28CF925FDE57CC2" box="[462,583,1693,1717]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">Pseudicius</emphasis>
|
||
Simon, 1885
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3202D9C0E970FFE8E1ADF925FC407CC1" author="Andreeva" box="[751,994,1693,1718]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" refString="Andreeva, E. M., Heciak, S. & Proszynski, J. (1984) Remarks on Icius and Pseudicius (Araneae, Salticidae) mainly Central Asian. Annales Zoologici, 37, 349 - 376." type="journal article" year="1984">
|
||
Andreeva
|
||
<emphasis id="64E77823E970FFE8E024F926FC357CC2" box="[870,919,1693,1717]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1984
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3202D9C0E970FFE8E0ADF925FB627CC1" author="Wesolowska" box="[1007,1216,1693,1718]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" refString="Wesolowska, W. (1986) A revision of the genus Heliophanus C. L. Koch, 1833 (Aranei, Salticidae). Annales Zoologici, 40, 1 - 254." type="journal article" year="1986">Wesołowska 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), seem related, too. In the first, femoral apophysis, bulbus and embolus are similar. The scape/caudal lobe, so distinctive in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9193DFB2E970FFE8E3D5F95DFE877C8A" box="[151,293,1765,1789]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Proszynellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64E77823E970FFE8E3D5F95DFE877C8A" box="[151,293,1765,1789]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">Proszynellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, can also be found in many species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9193DFB2E970FFE8E19EF95DFCE17C8A" box="[732,835,1765,1789]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Phintella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64E77823E970FFE8E19EF95DFCE17C8A" box="[732,835,1765,1789]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">Phintella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3202D9C0E970FFE8E03DF95DFBAA7C89" author="Zabka" box="[895,1032,1765,1790]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" refString="Zabka, M. (1985) Systematic and zoogeographic study on the family Salticidae (Araneae) from Viet-Nam. Annales Zoologici, 39, 197 - 485." type="journal article" year="1985">Żabka 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but at this stage it is hard to judge potential homologies.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1E89F7BAE970FFE8E385F895FA8F7D1D" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="562CA431E970FFE8E385F895FA8F7D1D" blockId="1.[151,1437,358,1898]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">
|
||
<emphasis id="64E77823E970FFE8E385F895FEC27D31" bold="true" box="[199,352,1837,1862]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
The distributional records of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9193DFB2E970FFE8E1F6F895FCE07D32" box="[692,834,1837,1861]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Proszynellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64E77823E970FFE8E1F6F895FCE07D32" box="[692,834,1837,1861]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">Proszynellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are (so far) limited to localities in Western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2E84E4A1E970FFE8E677F895FA3E7D31" box="[1333,1436,1837,1862]" name="Australia" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="CEA8B8B4E970FFE8E3DDF8E9FF517D1D" box="[159,243,1873,1898]" captionStart="FIGURE 49" captionStartId="9.[151,250,765,787]" captionTargetBox="[161,1426,198,740]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[156,1430,193,744]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 49. Records for species of Proszynellus: P. nasalis (yellow circles), P. wandae (black squares), P. occidentalis (blue triangles)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/232419/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">Fig. 49</figureCitation>
|
||
), although the predicted distribution suggests a wider range, including South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2E84E4A1E970FFE8E714F8E9FB1F7D1D" box="[1110,1213,1873,1898]" name="Australia" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="CEA8B8B4E970FFE8E78EF8E9FA827D1D" box="[1228,1312,1873,1898]" captionStart="FIGURE 50" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1939,1961]" captionTargetBox="[160,1424,883,1909]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,868,1918]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 50. Records and predicted distribution of Proszynellus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/232420/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">Fig. 50</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |