1825 lines
204 KiB
XML
1825 lines
204 KiB
XML
<document id="B1C02B724104F68C1337ECD756B75AAC" ID-CLB-Dataset="36881" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3781.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b6bac6d0-db3d-4c14-b289-ef0bb7184f3a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="285772" ID-ZooBank="D0E3A02D-340D-423F-9ADB-1089FB89C7EB" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460402175078" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Spodek, Malkie & Ben-Dov, Yair" docDate="2014" docId="03A2A358FFE1FFBC39A9ED8BFF644591" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03781p099.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3781 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Kermes nahalali Bodenheimer" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="65" masterDocId="FF9BDB20FFD3FFFC393EED1CFF974776" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic revision of the Kermesidae (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) in Israel, with a description of a new species" masterLastPageNumber="99" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="51" updateTime="1698299345580" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="DB231A85FC4A763C604CE8792D6560A4" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="CAAB74A5750EBD695C7DF58B94080FAE">
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<mods:title id="CCD3593AB0D0CA03039E135335B4BDE5">A taxonomic revision of the Kermesidae (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) in Israel, with a description of a new species</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="6A923C21E44E6CA82F1282CEBFC4EE77" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="18BDE4473EEFF7C3D5D07462388AF7F3">Spodek, Malkie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="41AA47C0DEB191A286D8D3B7AFDA3DC2" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="162DEA145258F8671795DF407EC5C654">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="D0860645CD7D65488728BEBA8DA9D2D2">Ben-Dov, Yair</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="D0F015A528C70E6A31D6919D01D2DFD6">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="0440D59423C89543A3A09B18360F3F0A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="356503A6100AC16778926EFB73E8A121">
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<mods:date id="B1FC5F50144B70B9E5EE9F07132858AD">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="47153883A255B6B6B5BCEE5BA35E30A4" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="3D731904FC887C8B38FA867BE59D4894">3781</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="3E4070298C82F3D49B83D7F36E066CB4" type="issue">
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<mods:identifier id="CBD8CBCEFAD1C0EFDA3E98365D58FF20" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3781.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03A2A358FFE1FFBC39A9ED8BFF644591" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6141257" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127667396" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6141257" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A2A358FFE1FFBC39A9ED8BFF644591" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A2A358FFE1FFBC39A9ED8BFF644591" lastPageId="64" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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<subSubSection id="C31141C5FFE1FFCE39A9ED8BFE6547A5" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="nomenclature">
|
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<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFE1FFCE39A9ED8BFD9A47C4" blockId="50.[151,525,151,211]" box="[151,525,151,178]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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<heading id="D0FCA522FFE1FFCE39A9ED8BFD9A47C4" bold="true" box="[151,525,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" reason="1">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE1FFCE39A9ED8BFD9A47C4" ID-CoL="3R663" authority="Bodenheimer" authorityName="Bodenheimer" box="[151,525,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE1FFCE39A9ED8BFD9A47C4" bold="true" box="[151,525,151,178]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE1FFCE39A9ED8BFEC947C7" bold="true" box="[151,350,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Kermes nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
Bodenheimer
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFE1FFCE39A9EDA6FE6547A5" blockId="50.[151,525,151,211]" box="[151,498,186,211]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFE1FFCE39A1EDA6FEBF47A5" box="[159,296,186,211]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 25" captionStart-1="FIGURE 26" captionStart-2="FIGURE 27" captionStart-3="FIGURE 28" captionStart-4="FIGURE 29" captionStart-5="FIGURE 30" captionStart-6="FIGURE 31" captionStart-7="FIGURE 32" captionStartId-0="51.[151,250,1467,1489]" captionStartId-1="53.[151,250,1979,2001]" captionStartId-2="55.[151,250,1447,1469]" captionStartId-3="56.[151,250,1483,1505]" captionStartId-4="58.[151,250,1402,1424]" captionStartId-5="59.[151,250,1953,1975]" captionStartId-6="61.[151,250,1272,1294]" captionStartId-7="62.[151,250,1937,1959]" captionText-0="FIGURE 25. Kermes nahalali Bodenheimer, adult female." captionText-1="FIGURE 26. Kermes nahalali Bodenheimer, third-instar female." captionText-2="FIGURE 27. Kermes nahalali Bodenheimer, second-instar female." captionText-3="FIGURE 28. Kermes nahalali Bodenheimer, first-instar nymph." captionText-4="FIGURE 29. Kermes nahalali Bodenheimer, adult male." captionText-5="FIGURE 30. Kermes nahalali Bodenheimer, pupa." captionText-6="FIGURE 31. Kermes nahalali Bodenheimer, prepupa." captionText-7="FIGURE 32. Kermes nahalali Bodenheimer, second-instar male." pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Figs. 25–32</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFE1FFCE380DEDA6FE1547A5" box="[307,386,186,211]" captionStart="PLATE 4" captionStartId="63.[151,234,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[204,1384,199,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@63.[197,1390,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="PLATE 4. Kermes nahalali Bodenheimer, general appearance; a. second-instar female; b. third-instar female and male test; c. young adult female; d. post-reproductive female, dorsal view; e. post-reproductive female, lateral view; f. second-instar male; g. prepupa; h. pupa; i. adult male." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285777/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Plate 4</figureCitation>
|
||
, figs. a–i)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31141C5FFE1FFCE39A9EC1FFEBF46B3" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFE1FFCE39A9EC1FFDA8466E" blockId="50.[151,615,258,311]" box="[151,575,258,280]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1B3560FFE1FFCE39A9EC1FFDA8466E" box="[151,575,258,280]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE1FFCE39A9EC1FFDA8466E" ID-CoL="3R663" authority="Bodenheimer, 1931: 241" authorityName="Bodenheimer" authorityPageNumber="241" authorityYear="1931" box="[151,575,258,280]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE1FFCE39A9EC1FFEA8466E" box="[151,319,258,280]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Kermes nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AAA345FFFE1FFCE387BEC1EFDA8466E" author="Bodenheimer" box="[325,575,258,280]" page="241" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" year="1931">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFE1FFCE387BEC1EFD98466E" author="Bodenheimer" box="[325,527,258,280]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" refString="Bodenheimer, F. S. (1931) Zur Kenntnis de palaartkischen Kermes-arten (Rhy. Cocc.). Konowia, 10 (4) 241 - 247." type="journal article" year="1931">Bodenheimer, 1931</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 241
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFE1FFCE39A9EC3EFDF04641" blockId="50.[151,615,258,311]" box="[151,615,289,311]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1B3560FFE1FFCE39A9EC3EFDF04641" box="[151,615,289,311]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE1FFCE39A9EC3EFD8C4641" ID-CoL="3R64P" authority="Sternlicht, 1969: 253" authorityName="Sternlicht" authorityPageNumber="253" authorityYear="1969" box="[151,539,289,311]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bytinskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE1FFCE39A9EC3EFED64641" box="[151,321,289,311]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Kermes bytinskii</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AAA345FFFE1FFCE3878EC3DFD8C4641" author="Sternlicht" box="[326,539,289,311]" page="253" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" year="1969">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFE1FFCE3878EC3DFE7C4641" author="Sternlicht" box="[326,491,289,311]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" refString="Sternlicht, M. (1969) Kermes bytinskii n. spec. (Coccoidea: Kermesidae) in Israel and observations of life history. Israel Journal of Entomology, 4, 251 - 270." type="journal article" year="1969">Sternlicht, 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFE1FFCE38CBEC3DFD8C4641" box="[501,539,289,311]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="generic">253</specimenCount>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24C7327FFE1FFCE3B1FEC3DFDF04641" box="[545,615,289,311]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE1FFCE3B1FEC3DFDF04641" bold="true" box="[545,615,289,311]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">n. syn.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFE1FFCE39A9EC78FEBF46B3" blockId="50.[151,1436,356,2001]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
This species was originally described from adult females collected in Nahalal forest,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFE1FFCE3D62EC78FB0A460B" box="[1116,1181,356,381]" name="Israel" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
||
, on
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE1FFCE3DF0EC79FA0B460A" box="[1230,1436,356,380]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE1FFCE3DF0EC79FABB460A" ID-CoL="3R66V" box="[1230,1324,357,380]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercus">Quercus</taxonomicName>
|
||
coccifera
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
L. The junior synonym,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE1FFCE38F7EC95FDC046D6" box="[457,599,391,416]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE1FFCE38F7EC95FDC346D6" ID-CoL="3R64P" box="[457,596,391,416]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bytinskii">K. bytinskii</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
was described from adult females collected at Tivon,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFE1FFCE3C3EEC9BFAD646D6" box="[1280,1345,391,416]" name="Israel" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
||
, on
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE1FFCE3CBFEC94FEBF46B3" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Q. ithaburensis.</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31141C5FFE1FFC839F9ECD3FC1745AD" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFE1FFCE39F9ECD3FAF341C6" blockId="50.[151,1436,356,2001]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE1FFCE39F9ECD3FCC3469E" bold="true" box="[199,852,463,488]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
Material examined.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFE1FFCE3885ECD3FE61469E" box="[443,502,463,488]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
material studied.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFE1FFCE3BEAECD3FCD8469E" box="[724,847,463,488]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE1FFCE3A63ECCDFC4A469E" box="[861,989,463,488]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE1FFCE3A63ECCDFC4A469E" box="[861,989,463,488]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
adult ♀ (here designated,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1A8A8BFFE1FFCE3C2EECCCFADC469E" box="[1296,1355,464,488]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/1jyc-x7t4" name="The Volcani Center" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">ICVI</collectionCode>
|
||
) and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFE1FFCE3CB0ECCCFF58457B" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="adult">4 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE1FFCE383FECE8FE2C457B" bold="true" box="[257,443,500,525]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFE1FFCE383FECE8FE22457B" box="[257,437,500,525]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="paralectotype">Paralectotypes</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFE1FFCE38F8ECE8FD90457B" box="[454,519,500,525]" name="Israel" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Nahalal, off
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE1FFCE3B95ECE9FCAD457A" box="[683,826,500,524]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Q. coccifera</emphasis>
|
||
in
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3A58ECE8FC25457A" box="[870,946,500,524]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="1920-05">v.1920</date>
|
||
by F.S. Bodenheimer. Also
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE1FFCE3C3CECE8FAE1457B" bold="true" box="[1282,1398,500,525]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFE1FFCE3C3CECE8FAE6457B" box="[1282,1393,500,525]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE1FFCE3CBCECE9FEFB4546" authority="Sternlicht" authorityName="Sternlicht" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bytinskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE1FFCE3CBCECE9FF614546" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">K. bytinskii</emphasis>
|
||
Sternlicht
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, adult ♀, Tivon,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFE1FFCE3B14EF0BFDFC4546" box="[554,619,535,560]" name="Israel" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE1FFCE3B48EF04FCB44546" box="[630,803,535,560]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Q. ithaburensis</emphasis>
|
||
,.
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3A0AEF0BFC074546" box="[820,912,535,560]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="1957-03">iii.1957</date>
|
||
, M. Sternlicht (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1A8A8BFFE1FFCE3D00EF04FB014546" box="[1086,1174,536,560]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
, 1969-627);
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE1FFCE3C18EF0BFA0B4546" bold="true" box="[1318,1436,535,560]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFE1FFCE3C18EF0BFA004546" box="[1318,1431,535,560]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE1FFCE39A9EF21FE814523" box="[151,278,572,597]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bytinskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE1FFCE39A9EF21FE814523" box="[151,278,572,597]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">K. bytinskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
5 first-instar nymphs, Tivon,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE1FFCE3B5FEF21FC9B4523" box="[609,780,572,597]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Q. ithaburensis</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3A24EF20FCE44523" box="[794,883,572,597]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="1957-03">iii.1957</date>
|
||
, M. Sternlicht (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1A8A8BFFE1FFCE3D20EF20FBE14522" box="[1054,1142,572,596]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
, 1969-627/1 slide).
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE1FFCE3C6AEF20FECB450E" bold="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Other material studied</emphasis>
|
||
. All non-type material collected in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFE1FFCE3BC5EF43FCAB450E" box="[763,828,607,632]" name="Israel" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
||
, off
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE1FFCE3A4AEF7CFBB5450E" box="[884,1058,607,632]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Q. ithaburensis</emphasis>
|
||
by M. Spodek, unless otherwise indicated. Alon Hagalil,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3887EF98FDB845EB" box="[441,559,644,669]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2010-04-25">25.iv.2010</date>
|
||
(MC:170/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFE1FFCE3B97EF98FD6C45EB" box="[681,763,644,669]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="adult">2 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀); Alonei Abba Nature Reserve,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3DA0EF98FA8445EB" box="[1182,1299,644,669]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2010-04-25">25.iv.2010</date>
|
||
(MC:171/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFE1FFCE3CB3EF98FF5845B6" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="adult">4 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1A8A8BFFE1FFCE39C5EFB4FEC445B6" box="[251,339,680,704]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3859EFBBFE4045B6" box="[359,471,679,704]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2011-02-27">27.ii.2011</date>
|
||
(MC:422/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFE1FFCE3B6EEFB4FD0C45B6" box="[592,667,679,704]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="adult">3 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1A8A8BFFE1FFCE3BF9EFB4FCB645B6" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" box="[711,801,680,704]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3A0AEFBBFC3A45B6" box="[820,941,679,704]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2011-03-13">13.iii.2011</date>
|
||
(MC:423/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFE1FFCE3D1AEFBBFBE645B6" box="[1060,1137,679,704]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="adult">6 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3D98EFBBFA8045B6" box="[1190,1303,679,704]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2012-02-14">14.ii.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:610/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFE1FFCE3CB0EFBBFF584593" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="adult">4 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1A8A8BFFE1FFCE39C5EFD0FEC74592" box="[251,336,716,740]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">USMN</collectionCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE385AEFD0FE454593" box="[356,466,716,741]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2012-03-04">4.iii.2012</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFE1FFCE38E0EFD1FE654592" box="[478,498,717,740]" name="Italy" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Ben-Dov (C:5083/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFE1FFCE3BEAEFD0FC8A4593" box="[724,797,716,741]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3A6CEFD0FC5C4593" box="[850,971,716,741]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2012-03-24">24.iii.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:642/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFE1FFCE3D7CEFD0FB074593" box="[1090,1168,716,741]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="adult">4 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀); Bet Dagan-Volcani Center,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE39CEEFF3FEF5447E" box="[240,354,751,776]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2012-02-19">19.ii.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:625/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFE1FFCE38E0EFF3FDB0447E" box="[478,551,751,776]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀); Horshat Tal Nature Reserve,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3A95EFF3FB88447E" box="[939,1055,751,776]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="1968-02-20">20.ii.1968</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFE1FFCE3D12EFECFBD74471" box="[1068,1088,752,775]" name="Italy" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Ben-Dov (C:5249/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFE1FFCE3C1AEFF3FAF9447E" box="[1316,1390,751,776]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE39A9EE08FF6D445B" box="[151,250,788,813]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2011-02-06">6.ii.2011</date>
|
||
(MC:414/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFE1FFCE384DEE08FE2C445B" box="[371,443,788,813]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE38D3EE08FDC9445B" box="[493,606,788,813]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2010-02-21">21.ii.2010</date>
|
||
(MC:119/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFE1FFCE3BE9EE08FC88445B" box="[727,799,788,813]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3A6FEE08FC56445B" box="[849,961,788,813]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2011-02-27">27.ii.2011</date>
|
||
(MC:428/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFE1FFCE3D06EE08FB14445B" box="[1080,1155,788,813]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="adult">5 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3D88EE08FAB0445B" box="[1206,1319,788,813]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2012-02-14">14.ii.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:609/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFE1FFCE39A9EE24FF7E4426" box="[151,233,823,848]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="adult">2 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE381BEE2BFE0D4426" box="[293,410,823,848]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2012-02-29">29.ii.2012</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFE1FFCE3894EE24FE294439" box="[426,446,824,847]" name="Italy" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Ben-Dov (C:5081/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFE1FFCE3B99EE2BFD624426" box="[679,757,823,848]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀); Tivon,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3AB9EE2BFB964426" box="[903,1025,823,848]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="1955-06-15">15.vi.1955</date>
|
||
, M. Sternlicht (C:5049/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFE1FFCE3C23EE2BFAFD4426" box="[1309,1386,823,848]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀); Alonei Abba Nature Reserve,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE38D9EE40FDC74403" box="[487,592,860,885]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2012-01-11">11.i.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:597/2 third-instar ♀, MC:599/3 third-instar ♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3D99EE40FA8E4403" box="[1191,1305,860,885]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2012-02-14">14.ii.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:609/4 third-instar ♀, MC:610/2 third-instar ♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3B56EE63FD5444EE" box="[616,707,895,920]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2013-01-03">3.i.2013</date>
|
||
(MC:805/5 third-instar ♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3AC0EE63FBF044EE" box="[1022,1127,895,920]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2013-01-13">13.i.2013</date>
|
||
(MC:784/2 third-instar ♀); Horshat Tal Nature Reserve,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE38DAEEB8FDDC44CB" box="[484,587,932,957]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2011-01-11">11.i.2011</date>
|
||
(MC:386/6 third-instar ♀, MC:387/2 third-instar ♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3D8AEEB8FA8044CB" box="[1204,1303,932,957]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2011-02-06">6.ii.2011</date>
|
||
(MC:414/3 third-instar ♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3874EEDBFE2C4496" box="[330,443,967,992]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2011-02-14">14.ii.2011</date>
|
||
(MC:609/4 third-instar ♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3BC2EEDBFCFC4496" box="[764,875,967,992]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2011-02-27">27.ii.2011</date>
|
||
(MC:430/6 third-instar ♀, MC:428/4 third-instar ♀); Alonei Abba Nature Reserve,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3B1EEEF0FD064373" box="[544,657,1004,1029]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2012-02-14">14.ii.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:634/1 second-instar ♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3AD2EEF0FBFD4372" box="[1004,1130,1004,1028]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2012-10-14">14.10.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:735/10 second-instar ♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE39F8E913FEA9435E" box="[198,318,1039,1064]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2012-11-18">18.xi.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:751/4 second-instar ♀); Bet Dagan-Volcani Center,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3AE2E913FBD1435E" box="[988,1094,1039,1064]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2012-01-15">15.i.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:605/2 second-instar ♀); Horshat Tal Nature Reserve,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE38C3E928FDF3433B" box="[509,612,1076,1101]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2011-01-11">11.i.2011</date>
|
||
(MC:386/1 second-instar ♀, MC:387/2 second-instar ♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3C14E928FA0C433B" box="[1322,1435,1076,1101]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2012-02-14">14.ii.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:623/7 second-instar ♀); Yehudiya Nature Reserve,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3A0FE94BFC034306" box="[817,916,1111,1136]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2011-02-06">6.ii.2011</date>
|
||
(MC:412/2 second-instar ♀); Alon Hagalil,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE39A9E960FF6843E3" box="[151,255,1148,1173]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2010-04-08">8.iv.2010</date>
|
||
(MC:150/12 first-instars,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1A8A8BFFE1FFCE3B10E960FD1143E2" box="[558,646,1148,1172]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3BA3E960FC8443E3" box="[669,787,1148,1173]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2010-04-23">23.iv.2010</date>
|
||
(MC:190/20 first-instars,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1A8A8BFFE1FFCE3D7CE960FB0A43E2" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" box="[1090,1181,1148,1172]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
); Alonei Abba Nature Reserve,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE383CE983FEFD43CE" box="[258,362,1183,1208]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2010-04-01">1.iv.2010</date>
|
||
(MC:148/25 first-instars,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1A8A8BFFE1FFCE3BA7E9BCFD7943CE" box="[665,750,1184,1208]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">USMN</collectionCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3A3BE983FCED43CE" box="[773,890,1183,1208]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2010-04-25">25.iv.2010</date>
|
||
(MC:171/2 first-instars),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3D9BE9BCFA8143CE" box="[1189,1302,1184,1208]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2010-10-17">17.x.2010</date>
|
||
(MC:320/2 first-instars, MC:322/8 first-instars, MC:323/1 first-instar, MC:325/2 first-instars, MC:333/1 first-instar),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3C0CE9D8FA0B43AB" box="[1330,1436,1220,1245]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2010-11-07">7.xi.2010</date>
|
||
(MC:349/1 first-instar),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3891E9FBFDB34276" box="[431,548,1255,1280]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2011-04-21">21.iv.2011</date>
|
||
(MC:494/83 first-instars),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3A5FE9FBFC404276" box="[865,983,1255,1280]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2012-04-16">16.iv.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:649/20 first-instars); Horshat Tal Nature Reserve,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3865E810FE5C4252" box="[347,459,1292,1316]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2000-05-12">12.v.2000</date>
|
||
, Z. Tamari (MC:3411/3 first-instar),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3A43E810FC704253" box="[893,999,1292,1317]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2010-06-06">6.vi.2010</date>
|
||
(MC:294/5 first-instars),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3C2AE810FA0B4253" box="[1300,1436,1292,1317]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2010-08-29">29.viii.2010</date>
|
||
(MC:300/4 first-instars),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE388DE82CFDB5423E" box="[435,546,1328,1352]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2010-10-10">10.x.2010</date>
|
||
(MC:326/6 first-instars, MC:327/7 first-instar, MC:328/1 first-instar, MC:329/ 3 first-instars, MC:331/5 first-instars),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3B5BE848FD58421B" box="[613,719,1364,1389]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2010-11-07">7.xi.2010</date>
|
||
(MC:357/3 first-instars, MC:361/4 first-instars); Neve Yaar,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE39A9E86BFE9F42E6" box="[151,264,1399,1424]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2001-05-16">16.v.2001</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFE1FFCE3826E865FEBB42E6" box="[280,300,1401,1424]" name="Italy" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Ben-Dov (C:4755/8 first-instars); Timrat,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3A18E86BFC0C42E6" box="[806,923,1399,1424]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2012-04-25">25.iv.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:650/13 first-instars); Yehudiya Nature Reserve,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3838E880FEE242C2" box="[262,373,1436,1460]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2012-10-10">10.x.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:313/10 first-instars); Alonei Abba Nature Reserve,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3D19E880FB0E42C3" box="[1063,1177,1436,1461]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2013-02-10">10.ii.2013</date>
|
||
(MC:823/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFE1FFCE3C2BE880FAFE42C3" box="[1301,1385,1436,1461]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="adult">2 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♂),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE39A9E8A3FE9F42AE" box="[151,264,1471,1496]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2013-02-17">17.ii.2013</date>
|
||
(MC:839/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFE1FFCE38BEE8DCFE5942AE" box="[384,462,1471,1496]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="adult">7 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♂); Horshat Tal Reserve,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3BC3E8A3FCF942AE" box="[765,878,1471,1496]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2013-02-17">17.ii.2013</date>
|
||
(MC:862/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFE1FFCE3AD5E8A3FBA342AE" box="[1003,1076,1471,1496]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♂); Bet Dagan-Volcani Center,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE39A9E8F8FE96428B" box="[151,257,1508,1533]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2012-01-15">15.i.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:603/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFE1FFCE38BFE8F8FE71428A" box="[385,486,1508,1533]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="pupa">5 pupae</specimenCount>
|
||
); Hanita,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3B5BE8F8FD52428A" box="[613,709,1508,1532]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2012-05-01">1.v.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:816/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFE1FFCE3A78E8F8FC3C428A" box="[838,939,1508,1533]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="pupa">5 pupae</specimenCount>
|
||
); Alonei Abba Nature Reserve,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3C7EE8F8FA0B428B" box="[1344,1436,1508,1533]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2013-01-03">3.i.2013</date>
|
||
(MC:805/5 prepupae); Bet Dagan-Volcani Center,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3A38EB1BFCE64156" box="[774,881,1543,1568]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2012-01-15">15.i.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:603/2 prepupae),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3DA5EB1BFA9A4156" box="[1179,1293,1543,1568]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2012-02-17">17.ii.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:616/3 prepupae); Alonei Abba Nature Reserve,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3B48EB30FD484133" box="[630,735,1580,1605]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2012-01-11">11.i.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:599/1 second-instar ♂),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3D03EB30FB224133" box="[1085,1205,1580,1605]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2012-11-18">18.xi.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:751/2 secondinstar ♂); Bet Dagan-Volcani Center,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3B76EB53FD25411E" box="[584,690,1615,1640]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2012-01-15">15.i.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:604/4 second-instar ♂),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3D30EB53FBE0411E" box="[1038,1143,1615,1640]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2012-01-19">19.i.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:604/1 second-instar ♂),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE39F4EB68FEAC41FB" box="[202,315,1652,1677]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2012-02-17">17.ii.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:616/7 second-instar ♂); Horshat Tal Nature Reserve,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3D36EB68FBF841FB" box="[1032,1135,1652,1677]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2011-01-11">11.i.2011</date>
|
||
(MC:386/1 second-instar ♂),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3986EB8BFEBA41C6" box="[184,301,1687,1712]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2012-02-14">14.ii.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:623/2 second-instar ♂); Yehudiya Nature Reserve,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE1FFCE3A90EB8BFB8F41C6" box="[942,1048,1687,1712]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2012-06-03">3.vi.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:707/2 second-instar ♂).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFE1FFCE39F9EBA0FAAC40FE" blockId="50.[151,1436,356,2001]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE1FFCE39F9EBA0FEF541A3" bold="true" box="[199,354,1724,1749]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Adult female</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFE1FFCE384DEBA0FE5041A3" box="[371,455,1724,1749]" captionStart="FIGURE 25" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1467,1489]" captionText="FIGURE 25. Kermes nahalali Bodenheimer, adult female." pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE1FFCE38E2EBA0FBDF41A3" bold="true" box="[476,1096,1724,1749]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">General appearance. Pre-reproductive adult female</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFE1FFCE3D66EBA0FB3E41A2" box="[1112,1193,1724,1749]" captionStart="PLATE 4" captionStartId="63.[151,234,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[204,1384,199,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@63.[197,1390,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="PLATE 4. Kermes nahalali Bodenheimer, general appearance; a. second-instar female; b. third-instar female and male test; c. young adult female; d. post-reproductive female, dorsal view; e. post-reproductive female, lateral view; f. second-instar male; g. prepupa; h. pupa; i. adult male." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285777/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Plate 4</figureCitation>
|
||
, fig. c). Body oval to round, 2.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFE1FFCE3826EBFCFEFB418E" box="[280,364,1760,1784]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="3.7">3.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, 2.0–4.0 mm wide,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFE1FFCE3BBFEBC3FC9F418E" box="[641,776,1759,1784]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="2.3" valueMax="3.1" valueMin="1.5">1.5–3.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
high; dorsum and venter orange to brown, with 6–8 medial dark, circular spots.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE1FFCE3841EA18FC01406B" bold="true" box="[383,918,1796,1821]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Gravid female and post-reproductive female</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFE1FFCE3A98EA18FC6F406A" box="[934,1016,1796,1821]" captionStart="PLATE 4" captionStartId="63.[151,234,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[204,1384,199,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@63.[197,1390,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="PLATE 4. Kermes nahalali Bodenheimer, general appearance; a. second-instar female; b. third-instar female and male test; c. young adult female; d. post-reproductive female, dorsal view; e. post-reproductive female, lateral view; f. second-instar male; g. prepupa; h. pupa; i. adult male." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285777/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Plate 4</figureCitation>
|
||
, fig. d). Body 3.5–5.0 mm long 3.5– 5.0 mm wide, and 3.8–5.0 mm high; grey, occasionally orange, spherical, derm sclerotized with a deep black, longitudinal depression dividing body into 2 parts, depression composed of 6–8 circular dark spots, each about
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFE1FFCE3C47EA50FF5440FE" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter; also with 6–8 transverse rows of 13–15 small dark spots, each about
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFE1FFCE3D67EA6CFB2740FE" box="[1113,1200,1904,1928]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFE1FFCE39F9EA88FB1D40A7" blockId="50.[151,1436,356,2001]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE1FFCE39F9EA88FDBD40DB" bold="true" box="[199,554,1940,1965]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Mounted young adult female.</emphasis>
|
||
Body oval to round,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFE1FFCE3A23EA88FC3240DA" box="[797,933,1940,1965]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="1.5">1.5–3.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, 1.4–3.0 mm wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE1FFCE3DFDEA88FF4540A7" bold="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Margin. Marginal setae</emphasis>
|
||
short and spinose, each 10 Μm long, in a single complete row of 15–21 on each side.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF7442C6FFE0FFCF39A9E8A7FD7A42A7" box="[151,749,1467,1489]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFE0FFCF39A9E8A7FD7A42A7" blockId="51.[151,749,1467,1489]" box="[151,749,1467,1489]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE0FFCF39A9E8A7FE8842A7" bold="true" box="[151,287,1467,1489]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">FIGURE 25.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE0FFCF381BE8A0FDC942A7" authority="Bodenheimer" authorityName="Bodenheimer" box="[293,606,1467,1489]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE0FFCF381BE8A0FE5A42A7" box="[293,461,1467,1489]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Kermes nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
Bodenheimer
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, adult female.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFE0FFCF39F9E8E4FBC7403F" blockId="51.[151,1436,1528,2038]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE0FFCF39F9E8E4FDB14167" bold="true" box="[199,550,1528,1553]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Dorsum. Dorsal median spots</emphasis>
|
||
circular, each 125–475 Μm diameter, composed of a central circular depression 13–50 Μm diameter, surrounded with polygonal areas, each 10–20 Μm long, 5–15 Μm wide; with 6–8 spots in a longitudinal, medial row.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE0FFCF3880EB21FD3A4120" bold="true" box="[446,685,1597,1622]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Dark-rimmed areas</emphasis>
|
||
each 13–25 Μm long and 15–20 Μm wide, on dorsum in about 8 curved rows of 5–15 areas, extending from anal opening to anterior apex of body.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE0FFCF3D13EB7CFB74410F" bold="true" box="[1069,1251,1632,1657]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Bilocular pores</emphasis>
|
||
oval, each 5 Μm long, 3 Μm wide, abundant throughout dorsum.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE0FFCF3BFAEB9EFC2041ED" bold="true" box="[708,951,1666,1691]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Microtubular ducts,</emphasis>
|
||
each with a circular opening about 2 Μm diameter, inner ductule about 1 Μm long and outer ductule 0.5 Μm long, dispersed over entire dorsum.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE0FFCF3C17EBB9FF644197" bold="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Seta-pore clusters</emphasis>
|
||
with a cluster of 1–5 quinquelocular pores, each 5 Μm wide, and a seta 15 um long, in 10–15 clusters on each side, extending in a single complete submarginal row.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE0FFCF3A77EBF6FC294075" bold="true" box="[841,958,1770,1795]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Anal ring</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal, 75–85 Μm diameter, circular with anterior gap; without setae or pores.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE0FFCF3B13EA11FD3D4050" bold="true" box="[557,682,1805,1830]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Anal lobes</emphasis>
|
||
with 2 sclerotized areas posterior to anal ring, probably referable to anal lobes, each 38–40 Μm long, 18–37 Μm wide, with 5 setose setae 22–47 Μm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFE0FFC839F9EA4EFC1745AD" blockId="51.[151,1436,1528,2038]" lastBlockId="52.[151,1436,151,2014]" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE0FFCF39F9EA4EFECE401D" bold="true" box="[199,345,1874,1899]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Venter. Eyes</emphasis>
|
||
absent.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE0FFCF388AEA4EFDB0401D" bold="true" box="[436,551,1874,1899]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Antennae</emphasis>
|
||
5 or 6 segmented; when 5 segmented, segment II and III appearing fused; 102– 137 Μm long; segment III longest; setal distribution as follows: scape and pedicel each with 2 setose setae; segment III with a setose seta; IV with a fleshy seta; V with 2 fleshy setae; and apical segment with 4 setose setae and 1 fleshy seta.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE0FFCF3823EAA6FEC240A5" bold="true" box="[285,341,1978,2003]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
well-developed, tibia and tarsus occasionally fused; measurements (in Μm) of metathoracic legs: coxa 30–50, trochanter + femur 45–62, tibia 38–62, tarsus 38–62, claw slightly pointed 17–20 µm long; total length 212–250 µm; each trochanter with 2 oval, sensory pores on each side; tarsal digitules 40–45 µm long, knobbed apically and extending beyond apex of claw; claw digitules knobbed apically, each 20–25 µm long, shorter than tarsal digitules; denticle absent.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE7FFC83B86EDC1FCA14780" bold="true" box="[696,822,221,246]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Tentorium</emphasis>
|
||
360–375 Μm long, 200–270 Μm wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE7FFC83C1EEDC1FAE84780" bold="true" box="[1312,1407,221,246]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Labium</emphasis>
|
||
3 segmented, triangular, 175–210 Μm long, 125–150 Μm wide; labial setae setose. as follows: basal segment with 2 pairs about 5 Μm long; median segment with a pair about 15 Μm long, and apical segment with 4 pairs about 17 Μm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE7FFC839E9EC59FE704628" bold="true" box="[215,487,325,350]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Mesothoracic spiracles</emphasis>
|
||
clearly smaller than metathoracic spiracles; peritreme of mesothoracic spiracles 50– 100 Μm long, 38–50 Μm wide; peritreme of metathoracic spiracles 87–150 Μm long, 75–90 Μm wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE7FFC83C05EC7BFF4046D5" bold="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Tubular ducts</emphasis>
|
||
of 2
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFE7FFC8382CEC97FEC646D5" box="[274,337,395,419]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">types</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFE7FFC83862EC97FE0346D5" box="[348,404,395,419]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
1 with an inner ductule 12–15 µm long, inner cup 10 µm wide and outer ductule 20–25 µm long, arranged in a complete submarginal band about 20–30 ducts wide; and
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFE7FFC83ACEECB2FBBF46B0" box="[1008,1064,430,454]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
2 with inner ductule 12 µm long, inner cup 12 µm wide and outer ductule 12 µm long, a few medially between legs and spiracles.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE7FFC83DDEECD3FF4F457D" bold="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Quinquelocular pores</emphasis>
|
||
, each 5 Μm diameter: with about 20 pores surrounding both spiracles; also with 6–8 on each abdominal segment, plus 50–100 pores posterior to vulva.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE7FFC83B99EF09FC124558" bold="true" box="[679,901,533,558]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Multilocular pores</emphasis>
|
||
, each 10 Μm diameter with 9–11 loculi: with 6– 10 anterior to each metathoracic spiracle; plus 6–8 clusters of 15–30 pores on each abdominal segment anterior to vulva, each pore 7 Μm diameter.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE7FFC83B30EF46FD3C4505" bold="true" box="[526,683,602,627]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Ventral setae</emphasis>
|
||
of two
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFE7FFC83A38EF47FCD24505" box="[774,837,603,627]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">types</typeStatus>
|
||
: (i) setose setae: with 6–10 setae on each abdominal segment, each 5 Μm long; and 35–50 setae posterior to vulva, each 23 Μm long; and (ii) tack-like setae, each 3 Μm long, in groups of 7–10 setae between each leg.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE7FFC83BEEEF83FCFF45CE" bold="true" box="[720,872,671,696]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Microspines,</emphasis>
|
||
each 3 Μm long, arranged in groups of 3 or
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFE7FFC83C51EFBCFA0B45CE" box="[1391,1436,671,696]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" unit="in" value="4.0">4 in</quantity>
|
||
about 8 rows on each abdominal segment and dispersed on thorax.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31141C5FFE7FFBC39F9EFF9FF644591" lastPageId="64" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFE7FFC839F9EFF9FD2344FE" blockId="52.[151,1436,151,2014]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE7FFC839F9EFF9FED8458B" bold="true" box="[199,335,741,766]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE7FFC83862EFFAFD8A4588" box="[348,541,741,766]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bytinskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE7FFC83862EFFAFD8A4588" box="[348,541,741,766]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Kermes bytinskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is here synonymized with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE7FFC83A57EFFAFC7B4588" box="[873,1004,741,766]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE7FFC83A57EFFAFC7B4588" box="[873,1004,741,766]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
because, according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFE7FFC83C3BEFF9FF734456" author="Bodenheimer" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" refString="Bodenheimer, F. S. (1931) Zur Kenntnis de palaartkischen Kermes-arten (Rhy. Cocc.). Konowia, 10 (4) 241 - 247." type="journal article" year="1931">Bodenheimer (1931)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, the post-reproductive female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE7FFC83B62EE15FD4C4456" box="[604,731,775,800]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE7FFC83B62EE15FD4C4456" box="[604,731,775,800]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has "five to six brown spots present in a median, longitudinal furrow...and the body is kidney or heart-shaped" (translated from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFE7FFC83A9DEE37FB954435" box="[931,1026,811,835]" name="Germany" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">German</collectingCountry>
|
||
). These traits, which Bodenheimer described and illustrated, can be seen on the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFE7FFC83BA0EE52FD694410" box="[670,766,846,870]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
adult female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE7FFC83A81EE52FBD64410" box="[959,1089,845,870]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bytinksii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE7FFC83A81EE52FBD64410" box="[959,1089,845,870]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">K. bytinksii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and on fresh material that we recovered from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFE7FFC8384DEE6CFE3444FE" box="[371,419,880,904]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality of both species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFE7FFC839F9EE8EFC9F4365" blockId="52.[151,1436,151,2014]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
Although
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFE7FFC83806EE8EFE6244DD" author="Sternlicht" box="[312,501,914,939]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" refString="Sternlicht, M. (1969) Kermes bytinskii n. spec. (Coccoidea: Kermesidae) in Israel and observations of life history. Israel Journal of Entomology, 4, 251 - 270." type="journal article" year="1969">Sternlicht (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described the third-instar and adult females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE7FFC83D38EE88FB1144DD" box="[1030,1158,914,939]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bytinskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE7FFC83D38EE88FB1144DD" box="[1030,1158,914,939]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">K. bytinskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and suggested that these stages had the same structure, his descriptions and illustration of the former are here considered to represent a young adult female. The present redescriptions are based on fresh specimens plus
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFE7FFC83D19EEC4FBC04486" box="[1063,1111,984,1008]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material of the adult females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE7FFC8398BEEE0FEA24365" box="[181,309,1018,1043]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bytinskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE7FFC8398BEEE0FEA24365" box="[181,309,1018,1043]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">K. bytinskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE7FFC83855EEE0FE7E4365" box="[363,489,1018,1043]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE7FFC83855EEE0FE7E4365" box="[363,489,1018,1043]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see Material examined).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFE7FFC839F9E901FEF242A0" blockId="52.[151,1436,151,2014]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
The adult female
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE7FFC838A5E902FD8A4340" box="[411,541,1053,1078]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE7FFC838A5E902FD8A4340" box="[411,541,1053,1078]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shares the following characters with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE7FFC83AE0E902FBDE4343" box="[990,1097,1054,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE7FFC83AE0E902FBDE4343" box="[990,1097,1054,1077]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE7FFC83DB5E902FAB44340" box="[1163,1315,1053,1078]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spatulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE7FFC83DB5E902FAB44340" box="[1163,1315,1053,1078]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">K. spatulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: (i) fullydeveloped legs; (ii) six-segmented antennae; (iii) seta-pore clusters located submarginally on dorsum; (iv) anal ring dorsal; (v) anal ring without setae or pores; (vi) dorsal anal lobes sclerotized, and (vii) two
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFE7FFC83DB7E97FFB53430D" box="[1161,1220,1123,1147]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">types</typeStatus>
|
||
of tubular ducts on venter. These characters are also present on the adult female of several Oriental
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE7FFC83D1DE99AFBEF43EB" box="[1059,1144,1158,1181]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE7FFC83D1DE99AFBEF43EB" box="[1059,1144,1158,1181]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Kermes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE7FFC83DDFE99AFE9843B6" authority="Liu & Shi, 1995" authorityName="Liu & Shi" authorityYear="1995" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE7FFC83DDFE99AFAD143E8" box="[1249,1350,1157,1182]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">K. flavus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFE7FFC83C6BE999FE9043B6" author="Liu" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" refString="Liu, Y. & Shi, Y. (1995) Two new species of Kermes (Homoptera: Coccinea: Kermesidae), with a key to the young adult females of known species of Kermes from China. Insecta Mundi, 9, 155 - 163." type="journal article" year="1995">Liu & Shi, 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE7FFC83823E9B5FD1443B6" authority="Liu & Shi, 1995" authorityName="Liu & Shi" authorityYear="1995" box="[285,643,1191,1216]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="miyasakii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE7FFC83823E9B5FE3D43B6" box="[285,426,1191,1216]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">K. miyasakii</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFE7FFC83885E9BBFDEC43B6" author="Liu" box="[443,635,1191,1216]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" refString="Liu, Y. & Shi, Y. (1995) Two new species of Kermes (Homoptera: Coccinea: Kermesidae), with a key to the young adult females of known species of Kermes from China. Insecta Mundi, 9, 155 - 163." type="journal article" year="1995">Liu & Shi, 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE7FFC83BAFE9B5FC6243B6" authority="Liu & Shi, 1995" authorityName="Liu & Shi" authorityYear="1995" box="[657,1013,1191,1216]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE7FFC83BAFE9B5FC8843B6" box="[657,799,1191,1216]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">K. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFE7FFC83A11E9BBFC7A43B6" author="Liu" box="[815,1005,1191,1216]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" refString="Liu, Y. & Shi, Y. (1995) Two new species of Kermes (Homoptera: Coccinea: Kermesidae), with a key to the young adult females of known species of Kermes from China. Insecta Mundi, 9, 155 - 163." type="journal article" year="1995">Liu & Shi, 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE7FFC83D10E9B5FAF343B6" authority="Hu, 1986" authorityName="Hu" authorityYear="1986" box="[1070,1380,1191,1216]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taishanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE7FFC83D10E9B5FB4B43B6" box="[1070,1244,1191,1216]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">K. taishanensis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFE7FFC83DD2E9B4FACC43B6" author="Hu" box="[1260,1371,1191,1216]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" refString="Hu, X. (1986) Studies on gall-like scale insects, with descriptions of three new species from Shandong, China (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Kermesidae). Entomotaxonomia, 8, 291 - 316. [in Chinese, English abstract]" type="journal article" year="1986">Hu, 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The adult female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE7FFC83877E9D0FE5F4395" box="[329,456,1226,1251]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE7FFC83877E9D0FE5F4395" box="[329,456,1226,1251]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE7FFC83BC2E9D0FCF44395" box="[764,867,1228,1251]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE7FFC83BC2E9D0FCF44395" box="[764,867,1228,1251]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having (characters of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE7FFC83D40E9D0FB724395" box="[1150,1253,1228,1251]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE7FFC83D40E9D0FB724395" box="[1150,1253,1228,1251]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in brackets): (i) narrow anal lobes with up to five setae on each lobe (wide, quadrate lobes with 10–15 setae on each lobe); (ii) two
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFE7FFC839A9E80DFF45425F" box="[151,210,1297,1321]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">types</typeStatus>
|
||
of tubular ducts ventrally and none dorsally (
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFE7FFC83BEEE80CFC9D425E" box="[720,778,1296,1320]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
2 on dorsum and
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFE7FFC83AEDE80DFB9D425F" box="[979,1034,1297,1321]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
1 on venter); (iii) presence of darkrimmed areas on the dorsum (absent); (iv) presence of tack-like setae near each coxa (absent); (v) presence of microducts on dorsum (absent); and (vi) spiracles of different-sizes (spiracles subequal). The adult female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE7FFC83CBCE84AFF6342E6" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE7FFC83CBCE84AFF6342E6" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE7FFC83B08E865FD5942E6" box="[566,718,1399,1424]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spatulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE7FFC83B08E865FD5942E6" box="[566,718,1399,1424]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">K. spatulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having (characters of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE7FFC83AC9E865FB1942E6" box="[1015,1166,1399,1424]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spatulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE7FFC83AC9E865FB1942E6" box="[1015,1166,1399,1424]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">K. spatulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in brackets): (i) dorsal median spots (absent); (ii) dorsal reticulated areas absent (present); and (iii) lack of multilocular pores posterior to each leg (present).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFE7FFC839F9E8C3FEF14148" blockId="52.[151,1436,151,2014]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE7FFC839F9E8C3FE24428E" bold="true" box="[199,435,1503,1528]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Third-instar female</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFE7FFC838FDE8C3FD80428E" box="[451,535,1503,1528]" captionStart="FIGURE 26" captionStartId="53.[151,250,1979,2001]" captionText="FIGURE 26. Kermes nahalali Bodenheimer, third-instar female." pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFE7FFC83B1DE8C3FDE4428E" box="[547,627,1503,1528]" captionStart="PLATE 4" captionStartId="63.[151,234,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[204,1384,199,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@63.[197,1390,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="PLATE 4. Kermes nahalali Bodenheimer, general appearance; a. second-instar female; b. third-instar female and male test; c. young adult female; d. post-reproductive female, dorsal view; e. post-reproductive female, lateral view; f. second-instar male; g. prepupa; h. pupa; i. adult male." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285777/files/figure.png" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Plate 4</figureCitation>
|
||
, fig. b).
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE7FFC83BEAE8C3FC50428E" bold="true" box="[724,967,1503,1528]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">General appearance</emphasis>
|
||
. Body convex,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFE7FFC83D47E8FCFA974281" box="[1145,1280,1504,1528]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="2.05" valueMax="2.8" valueMin="1.3">1.3–2.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFE7FFC83C76E8FCFF54416C" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.2" valueMin="1.3">1.3–2.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFE7FFC8382CEB1EFE0C416C" box="[274,411,1538,1563]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="1.15" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="0.8">0.8–1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
high; dorsum grey to brown, with 5 longitudinal rows of rectangular wax plates, median wax plates largest.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFE7FFC839F9EB5BFC454116" blockId="52.[151,1436,151,2014]" box="[199,978,1607,1632]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE7FFC839F9EB5BFE274116" bold="true" box="[199,432,1607,1632]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Mounted specimen.</emphasis>
|
||
Body oval, 1.4–3.0 mm long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFE7FFC83A38EB54FC1A4129" box="[774,909,1608,1632]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="1.2">1.2–1.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFE7FFC839F9EB76FEE141BE" blockId="52.[151,1436,151,2014]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE7FFC839F9EB76FE7741F5" bold="true" box="[199,480,1642,1667]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Margin. Marginal setae</emphasis>
|
||
short and spinose, each 13 µm long, 2 µm wide, in a single complete line of 28–30 on each side.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE7FFC83830EB91FDD741D0" bold="true" box="[270,576,1677,1702]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Dorsal submarginal setae</emphasis>
|
||
short and spinose, each 8 µm long, 3 µm wide, in a single complete line of 23–25 on each side.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFE7FFC839F9EBCEFE5E40EE" blockId="52.[151,1436,151,2014]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE7FFC839F9EBCEFD9B419D" bold="true" box="[199,524,1746,1771]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Dorsum. Seta-pore clusters</emphasis>
|
||
restricted to a single complete submarginal band of 18–20 clusters on each side, each cluster with 1–5 quinquelocular pores, each pore 5 Μm wide and each seta 12–15 um long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE7FFC83DDAEBE9FA0B4078" bold="true" box="[1252,1436,1781,1806]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Bilocular pores</emphasis>
|
||
oval to circular, each 4 µm long and 3 µm wide; abundant over dorsum.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE7FFC83AF3EA0BFBD74046" bold="true" box="[973,1088,1815,1840]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Anal ring</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal, horseshoe-shaped with anterior gap, 40–42 µm wide; setae and pores absent.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE7FFC83BC0EA26FCEA4025" bold="true" box="[766,893,1850,1875]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Anal lobes</emphasis>
|
||
represented by sclerotized areas, each about 50 µm long, 30 µm wide, each with 3 or 4 setose setae 38–50 µm long. Also with a pair of setose setae, posterior to anal lobes, 10–13 µm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFE7FFC939F9EABEFBD54588" blockId="52.[151,1436,151,2014]" lastBlockId="53.[151,1437,151,766]" lastPageId="53" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE7FFC839F9EABEFECC40CD" bold="true" box="[199,347,1954,1979]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Venter. Eyes</emphasis>
|
||
circular, each 15 µm diameter, lateral to each scape.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE7FFC83A80EABEFBA640CD" bold="true" box="[958,1073,1954,1979]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Antennae</emphasis>
|
||
6 segmented, 95–100 µm long; segments II and III appearing fused; scape and pedicel each with 2 setose setae; segment III with 1 setose seta; IV with 1 fleshy seta; V with 2 fleshy setae; and apical segment with 4 setose setae and 1 fleshy seta.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE6FFC93C1EED8BFACF47C6" bold="true" box="[1312,1368,151,176]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
welldeveloped; measurements (in µm) of metathoracic leg: coxa 30–50, trochanter + femur 60–80, tibia 50–75, tarsus 60–70, claw 15–18; total length 220–290 Μm; trochanter with 2 oval sensory pores on each side; tarsal digitules 21–25 Μm long, knobbed apically, extending slightly beyond claw apex; claw digitules, knobbed apically, each 10– 15 Μm long, shorter than tarsal digitules; claw denticle absent.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE6FFC93A5AEC3EFC75464D" bold="true" box="[868,994,290,315]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Tentorium</emphasis>
|
||
225–250 µm long, 180–200 µm wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE6FFC939A9EC59FF614628" bold="true" box="[151,246,325,350]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Labium</emphasis>
|
||
3 segmented, triangular, 137–155 µm long, 115–150 µm wide; labial setae setose, basal segment with 2 pairs 5 Μm long; medial segment with 1 pair about 15 µm long and apical segment with 4 pairs about 19 µm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE6FFC939A9EC96FE9346D5" bold="true" box="[151,260,394,419]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Spiracles</emphasis>
|
||
peritreme of mesothoracic spiracles smaller than those of metathoracic spiracles; mesothoracic peritremes 30–35 Μm long, 20–25 Μm wide; metathoracic peritreme 40–45 Μm long, 25–30 Μm wide; scleroses of both spiracles 40–60 µm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE6FFC938C7ECD3FD35469E" bold="true" box="[505,674,463,488]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Tubular ducts</emphasis>
|
||
of two
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFE6FFC93BC2ECCCFCAC469E" box="[764,827,464,488]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">types</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFE6FFC93A76ECCCFC17469E" box="[840,896,464,488]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
1 with inner ductule 11–14 µm long, inner cup about 9 µm wide and outer ductule 18–20 µm long, arranged in a broad complete submarginal band, 8–10 ducts wide;
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFE6FFC939E0EF0AFE824558" box="[222,277,534,558]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
2 ducts with inner ductule 10–12 µm long, inner cup about 5 µm wide and outer ductule 10–12 µm long, arranged in a submedial band 3–6 ducts wide from cephalic apex to most anterior abdominal segment.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE6FFC939A9EF46FE354505" bold="true" box="[151,418,602,627]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Quinquelocular pores,</emphasis>
|
||
each 5 µm diameter; with 3–8 pores anterolateral to each spiracle; and 4–8 pores medially and submedially on each abdominal segment.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE6FFC93B85EF61FCCB45E0" bold="true" box="[699,860,637,662]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Ventral setae</emphasis>
|
||
of two
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFE6FFC93AFFEF62FB9745E0" box="[961,1024,638,662]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">types</typeStatus>
|
||
: (i) setose setae: in groups of 3–5 posterior to each coxa, each 5–10 µm long; also in a transverse row of 10–12 on each abdominal segment, each 10– 13 µm long; and (ii) tack-like setae, each 3 µm long, with 1 seta submarginally on each abdominal segment II–VII.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE6FFC939A9EFF9FEB84588" bold="true" box="[151,303,741,766]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Microspines,</emphasis>
|
||
each 2 µm long, in groups of
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFE6FFC93BBFEFFAFD5F4588" box="[641,712,741,766]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.35" metricValueMax="10.16" metricValueMin="2.54" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="in" value="2.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="1.0">1–4 in</quantity>
|
||
transverse rows over entire body.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF7442C6FFE6FFC939A9EAA7FCBC40A7" box="[151,811,1979,2001]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFE6FFC939A9EAA7FCBC40A7" blockId="53.[151,811,1979,2001]" box="[151,811,1979,2001]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE6FFC939A9EAA7FE8840A7" bold="true" box="[151,287,1979,2001]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">FIGURE 26.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE6FFC9381BEAA0FDC940A7" authority="Bodenheimer" authorityName="Bodenheimer" box="[293,606,1979,2001]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE6FFC9381BEAA0FE5A40A7" box="[293,461,1979,2001]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Kermes nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
Bodenheimer
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, third-instar female.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFE5FFCA39F9ED8BFD4D45DE" blockId="54.[151,1436,151,1977]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE5FFCA39F9ED8BFED847C6" bold="true" box="[199,335,151,176]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
Of the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFE5FFCA3897ED8BFE7847C6" box="[425,495,151,176]" name="Israel" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Israeli</collectingCountry>
|
||
species, the third-instar female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE5FFCA3A42ED85FC6B47C6" box="[892,1020,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE5FFCA3A42ED85FC6B47C6" box="[892,1020,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is very similar to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE5FFCA3C0DED85FA0C47C6" box="[1331,1435,153,176]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE5FFCA3C0DED85FA0C47C6" box="[1331,1435,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE5FFCA39F8EDA1FECE47A3" box="[198,345,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spatulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE5FFCA39F8EDA1FECE47A3" box="[198,345,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">K. spatulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, all sharing the following traits (characters for
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE5FFCA3A57EDA1FB2647A3" box="[873,1201,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE5FFCA3A57EDA1FC6F47A3" box="[873,1016,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">K. echinatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE5FFCA3D3DEDA1FB2647A3" box="[1027,1201,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">K. hermonensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE5FFCA3DD9EDA1FA0B47A3" box="[1255,1436,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE5FFCA3DD9EDA1FA0B47A3" box="[1255,1436,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">N. balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in brackets): (i) marginal setae short and spinose (obviously conical); (ii) legs fully-developed (leg segmentation reduced); (iii) anal ring dorsal (ventral); and (iv) anal lobes sclerotized on dorsum (absent). The third-instar female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE5FFCA398AEC35FEA54636" box="[180,306,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE5FFCA398AEC35FEA54636" box="[180,306,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished from those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE5FFCA3B81EC35FCB24636" box="[703,805,297,320]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE5FFCA3B81EC35FCB24636" box="[703,805,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE5FFCA3A65EC35FC784636" box="[859,1007,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spatulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE5FFCA3A65EC35FC784636" box="[859,1007,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">K. spatulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as follows:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE5FFCA3D4BEC35FB654636" box="[1141,1266,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE5FFCA3D4BEC35FB654636" box="[1141,1266,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has up to three setae on each anal lobe,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE5FFCA3896EC51FD984612" box="[424,527,333,356]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE5FFCA3896EC51FD984612" box="[424,527,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has about fifteen setae on each lobe, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE5FFCA3ADAEC51FBEF4613" box="[996,1144,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spatulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE5FFCA3ADAEC51FBEF4613" box="[996,1144,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">K. spatulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has no anal lobe setae.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE5FFCA3CBCEC51FF6346FE" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE5FFCA3CBCEC51FF6346FE" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also has a complete submarginal line of seta-pores while
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE5FFCA3ABBEC6DFB8D46FE" box="[901,1050,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spatulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE5FFCA3ABBEC6DFB8D46FE" box="[901,1050,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">K. spatulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has seta-pore clusters only on the head and thorax and they are absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE5FFCA3B76EC89FD3946DA" box="[584,686,405,428]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE5FFCA3B76EC89FD3946DA" box="[584,686,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Of the species found outside
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFE5FFCA3D3EEC88FBD646DB" box="[1024,1089,404,429]" name="Israel" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
||
, third-instar nymphs have only been described for
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE5FFCA3840ECA5FD9E46A6" box="[382,521,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE5FFCA3840ECA5FD9246A6" box="[382,517,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermilio">K. vermilio</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
from which
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE5FFCA3B95ECA5FCB846A6" box="[683,815,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE5FFCA3B95ECA5FCB846A6" box="[683,815,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs in having (character-states of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE5FFCA3DCBECA5FAEE46A6" box="[1269,1401,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE5FFCA3DCBECA5FAEE46A6" box="[1269,1401,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">K. vermilio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in brackets): six-segmented antennae (one-segmented antennae), and legs fully-developed (one-segmented). Among the Nearctic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE5FFCA380CEF1DFE10456E" box="[306,391,513,536]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE5FFCA380CEF1DFE10456E" box="[306,391,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Kermes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, only the third instar of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE5FFCA3B82EF1DFCDC456E" box="[700,843,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sylvestris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE5FFCA3B82EF1DFCDC456E" box="[700,843,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">K. sylvestris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been described and illustrated (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFE5FFCA3DC1ECE3FEC0454B" author="Bullington" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refString="Bullington, S. W. & Kosztarab, M. (1985) A revision of the family Kermesidae (Homoptera) in the Nearctic Region based on adult and third instar females) Bulletin of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and University Research Division, 85, 1 - 118." type="journal article" year="1985">Bullington & Kosztarab, 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and is similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE5FFCA3B01EF39FD55454B" box="[575,706,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE5FFCA3B01EF39FD55454B" box="[575,706,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having a ventral submarginal band of tubular ducts and a submarginal line of seta-pore clusters on the dorsum but differs in having (characters for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE5FFCA3DBEEF55FA9E4516" box="[1152,1289,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sylvestris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE5FFCA3DBEEF55FA9E4516" box="[1152,1289,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">K. sylvestris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in brackets): (i) a sclerotized anal lobe (absent); (ii) fully-developed legs (reduced); (iii) bilocular pores on dorsum (absent), and (iv) two
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFE5FFCA39C9EF8CFEA545DE" box="[247,306,656,680]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">types</typeStatus>
|
||
of tubular ducts on venter (one
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFE5FFCA3BA7EF8CFD5945DE" box="[665,718,656,680]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">type</typeStatus>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFE5FFCA39F9EFA8FA01444E" blockId="54.[151,1436,151,1977]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE5FFCA39F9EFA8FE5545BB" bold="true" box="[199,450,692,717]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Second-instar female</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFE5FFCA38ECEFA8FDB245BA" box="[466,549,692,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="55.[151,250,1447,1469]" captionText="FIGURE 27. Kermes nahalali Bodenheimer, second-instar female." pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Fig. 27</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFE5FFCA3B0FEFA8FD1745BA" box="[561,640,692,717]" captionStart="PLATE 4" captionStartId="63.[151,234,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[204,1384,199,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@63.[197,1390,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="PLATE 4. Kermes nahalali Bodenheimer, general appearance; a. second-instar female; b. third-instar female and male test; c. young adult female; d. post-reproductive female, dorsal view; e. post-reproductive female, lateral view; f. second-instar male; g. prepupa; h. pupa; i. adult male." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285777/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Plate 4</figureCitation>
|
||
, fig. a).
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE5FFCA3BE3EFA8FC5845BB" bold="true" box="[733,975,692,717]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">General appearance</emphasis>
|
||
. Body oval, tapering posteriorly, 0.6–1.0 mm long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFE5FFCA3835EFCBFE044599" box="[267,403,727,752]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="mm" value="0.44999999999999996" valueMax="0.6" valueMin="0.3">0.3–0.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; dorsum and venter white, dorsal surface covered with a thin layer of wax, composed of 5 longitudinal rows of rectangular wax plates, each plate about
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFE5FFCA3A4BEFE0FC5D4462" box="[885,970,764,788]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFE5FFCA3D31EFE0FBF24462" box="[1039,1125,764,788]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, median row with 10– 11 plates, submedian row with 9–11 plates and marginal rows with about 9–12 plates. Wax plates largest medially.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFE5FFCA39F9EE58FC7A442B" blockId="54.[151,1436,151,1977]" box="[199,1005,836,861]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE5FFCA39F9EE58FE27442B" bold="true" box="[199,432,836,861]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Mounted specimen.</emphasis>
|
||
Body oval,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFE5FFCA3B07EE58FD57442A" box="[569,704,836,860]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="mm" value="1.1" valueMax="1.3" valueMin="0.9">0.9–1.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFE5FFCA3A38EE58FC3E442A" box="[774,937,836,861]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.45" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="5.4" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="mm" value="0.645" valueMax="0.75" valueMin="0.54">0.54–0.75 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFE5FFCA39F9EE7BFC9744BE" blockId="54.[151,1436,151,1977]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE5FFCA39F9EE7BFE7444F6" bold="true" box="[199,483,871,896]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Margin. Marginal setae</emphasis>
|
||
robust and spinose, each about 25 µm long, 8 µm wide at base, with 20–26 on each side extending around entire margin; also with a submarginal band of 13–15 shorter robust spinose setae, each about 20 µm long and 5 µm wide at base, on each side.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFE5FFCA39F9EEC8FBD8432E" blockId="54.[151,1436,151,1977]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE5FFCA39F9EEC8FEE2449B" bold="true" box="[199,373,980,1005]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Dorsum. Setae</emphasis>
|
||
setose, each 5 µm long, about
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFE5FFCA3BEFEEC8FC9D449B" box="[721,778,980,1005]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="in" value="10.0">10 in</quantity>
|
||
submedial lines.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE5FFCA3AF0EEC8FB2F449B" bold="true" box="[974,1208,980,1005]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Microtubular ducts</emphasis>
|
||
each with a circular opening about 3 Μm diameter, inner ductule about 1 Μm long and outer ductule 0.5 Μm long, in 8 compete longitudinal rows, each row with about 20 pores.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE5FFCA3BE8E900FC174343" bold="true" box="[726,896,1052,1077]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Tubular ducts</emphasis>
|
||
of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFE5FFCA3A95E901FC754343" box="[939,994,1053,1077]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
2, with inner ductule 15–18 µm long, inner cup 5 µm wide and outer ductule 15–19 µm long, scattered over entire dorsum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFE5FFCA39F9E978FB5E40CE" blockId="54.[151,1436,151,1977]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE5FFCA39F9E978FECC430B" bold="true" box="[199,347,1124,1149]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Venter. Eyes</emphasis>
|
||
circular, each 15 µm wide, lateral to each scape.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE5FFCA3AB1E978FB94430B" bold="true" box="[911,1027,1124,1149]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Antennae</emphasis>
|
||
6 segmented, length 150 µm; scape and pedicel each with 2 setose setae, segment III with 1 setose seta, IV with 1 fleshy seta, V with 2 fleshy setae, and VI with 4 fleshy setae and 1 setose seta.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE5FFCA3B66E9B0FD0743B3" bold="true" box="[600,656,1196,1221]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
well-developed; measurement (in Μm) of metathoracic legs; coxa 30– 45, trochanter + femur 88–12, tibia 45–50, tarsus 50–75, claw 20–25; total length 233–320 Μm; trochanter with 2 oval sensory pores on each side; tarsal digitules 30–42 Μm long, knobbed apically, extending beyond claw apex; claw digitules knobbed apically, each 28–30 Μm long, shorter than tarsal digitules; each claw with a single denticle near tip.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE5FFCA39C0E820FEEB4223" bold="true" box="[254,380,1340,1365]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Tentorium</emphasis>
|
||
132–150 µm long, 120–125 µm wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE5FFCA3A7BE820FC334223" bold="true" box="[837,932,1340,1365]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Labium</emphasis>
|
||
3 segmented, triangular, 110–125 µm long, 85–110 µm wide; labial setae setose, as follows: basal segment with 2 pairs about 3 µm long, median segment with 1 pair about 25 µm long and apical segment with 4 pairs about 18 µm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE5FFCA3AE1E898FBC242EB" bold="true" box="[991,1109,1412,1437]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Spiracles:</emphasis>
|
||
each mesothoracic peritreme 10–15 Μm wide, sclerosis 18–25 µm long; each metathoracic peritreme larger, 15–20 Μm wide, each sclerosis 25– 30 µm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE5FFCA3817E8D0FE454293" bold="true" box="[297,466,1484,1509]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Tubular ducts</emphasis>
|
||
of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFE5FFCA38C6E8D1FDA74293" box="[504,560,1485,1509]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
2, with inner ductule 15–18 µm long, inner cup 5 µm wide and outer ductule 15–19 µm long, arranged in a complete submarginal band about 3–5 ducts wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE5FFCA3D05E8F3FAD5417E" bold="true" box="[1083,1346,1519,1544]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Quinquelocular pores</emphasis>
|
||
, each 5 µm diameter; with 6 pores anterior to tentorium; 1 pore anteriorlaterally to each mesothoracic spiracle and 5 or 6 pores anterior to each metathoracic spiracle; and each abdominal segment with a transverse band of 4 pores in medial and submedial lines.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE5FFCA38E9EB40FDE44103" bold="true" box="[471,627,1628,1653]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Ventral setae</emphasis>
|
||
of three
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFE5FFCA3BE6EB41FC804103" box="[728,791,1629,1653]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">types</typeStatus>
|
||
: (i) robust spinose setae, similar to marginal setae, with 6 anterior to scape, each about 25 µm long; (ii) setose setae: with 3 pairs medially just anterior to tentorium, each about 35 µm long; single setae medial to each coxa about 10 µm long; and with medial and submedial rows on abdominal segments II–VIII, medial setae each about 12 µm long and submedial setae each about 8 µm long. Also, with a pair of setose setae just anterior to anal ring about 12 µm long; and (iii) tack-like setae; each about 5 µm long, in a submarginal row from metathorax to anal ring, with about 9 setae on each side.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE5FFCA3DBAEA13FA8B405E" bold="true" box="[1156,1308,1807,1832]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Microspines,</emphasis>
|
||
each about 3 µm long, in groups of
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFE5FFCA3898EA28FE7A403B" box="[422,493,1844,1869]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.89" metricValueMax="12.7" metricValueMin="5.08" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="in" value="3.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="2.0">2–5 in</quantity>
|
||
5–8 transverse rows on each abdominal segment and scattered on thorax.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE5FFCA3C14EA28FA0B403B" bold="true" box="[1322,1436,1844,1869]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Anal ring</emphasis>
|
||
ventral, diameter 37–40 µm, composed of 2 semi-circles, each half with 3 spinose setae 50–75 µm long, and about 25 pores.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE5FFCA3832EA60FE1940E3" bold="true" box="[268,398,1916,1941]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Anal lobes</emphasis>
|
||
very well-developed, each with 1 spinose seta on inner margin, about 25 µm long, plus another on apex, about 20 µm long, and also with a long flagellate seta 68–88 µm long on apex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF7442C6FFE4FFCB39A9E8BBFCD642CB" box="[151,833,1447,1469]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFE4FFCB39A9E8BBFCD642CB" blockId="55.[151,833,1447,1469]" box="[151,833,1447,1469]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE4FFCB39A9E8BBFE8842CB" bold="true" box="[151,287,1447,1469]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">FIGURE 27.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE4FFCB381BE8B4FDC942CB" authority="Bodenheimer" authorityName="Bodenheimer" box="[293,606,1447,1469]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE4FFCB381BE8B4FE5A42CB" box="[293,461,1447,1469]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Kermes nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
Bodenheimer
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, second-instar female.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFE4FFCB39F9E8F8FD0341A2" blockId="55.[151,1436,1508,2037]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE4FFCB39F9E8F8FED8428B" bold="true" box="[199,335,1508,1533]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
The second-instar female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE4FFCB3BAAE8FAFC84428B" box="[660,787,1508,1533]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bytinskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE4FFCB3BAAE8FAFC84428B" box="[660,787,1508,1533]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">K. bytinskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, now a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE4FFCB3D01E8FAFB2A428B" box="[1087,1213,1508,1533]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE4FFCB3D01E8FAFB2A428B" box="[1087,1213,1508,1533]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, was first described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFE4FFCB3983EB14FE164157" author="Sternlicht" box="[189,385,1544,1569]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" refString="Sternlicht, M. (1969) Kermes bytinskii n. spec. (Coccoidea: Kermesidae) in Israel and observations of life history. Israel Journal of Entomology, 4, 251 - 270." type="journal article" year="1969">Sternlicht (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. No material from this description was available for examination and therefore the present redescription is based on fresh specimens and includes several features not originally described, such as the presence of: (i) dorsal microtubular ducts; (ii) a pair of sensory pores on trochanter; (iii) a claw denticle; (iv) microspines on venter of abdominal segments; (v) longitudinal rows of setose seta on dorsum; (vi) only one
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFE4FFCB3C70EB69FAE941FB" box="[1358,1406,1653,1677]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of tubular duct, and not two
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFE4FFCB38FEEB85FE6C41C7" box="[448,507,1689,1713]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">types</typeStatus>
|
||
of ducts as suggested by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFE4FFCB3A1BEB84FC7941C7" box="[805,1006,1688,1713]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" refString="Sternlicht, M. (1969) Kermes bytinskii n. spec. (Coccoidea: Kermesidae) in Israel and observations of life history. Israel Journal of Entomology, 4, 251 - 270." type="journal article">Sternlicht, (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and (vii) quinquelocular pores at the base of each scape and in peristigmatic areas.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFE4FFCB39F9EBFCFB1F4083" blockId="55.[151,1436,1508,2037]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||
Second-instar female
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE4FFCB3880EBFEFDA9418F" box="[446,574,1760,1785]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE4FFCB3880EBFEFDA9418F" box="[446,574,1760,1785]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are very similar to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE4FFCB3ABBEBFEFC79418F" box="[901,1006,1762,1785]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE4FFCB3ABBEBFEFC79418F" box="[901,1006,1762,1785]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having spinose marginal setae and well-defined anal lobes. However,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE4FFCB3B10EA1AFD27406B" box="[558,688,1796,1821]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE4FFCB3B10EA1AFD27406B" box="[558,688,1796,1821]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has four quinquelocular pores on the venter of each abdominal segment whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE4FFCB3860EA36FE514037" box="[350,454,1834,1857]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE4FFCB3860EA36FE514037" box="[350,454,1834,1857]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has only two. Also, the second-instar female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE4FFCB3AD9EA36FBF24037" box="[999,1125,1832,1857]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE4FFCB3AD9EA36FBF24037" box="[999,1125,1832,1857]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
does not have frontal lobes as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE4FFCB39EBEA52FEC24013" box="[213,341,1868,1893]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE4FFCB39EBEA52FEC24013" box="[213,341,1868,1893]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">K. vermilio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Tubular ducts are present on both the dorsum and venter in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE4FFCB3D2AEA52FB044013" box="[1044,1171,1868,1893]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE4FFCB3D2AEA52FB044013" box="[1044,1171,1868,1893]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE4FFCB3DDAEA52FAE54013" box="[1252,1394,1868,1893]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE4FFCB3DDAEA52FAE54013" box="[1252,1394,1868,1893]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE4FFCB3CBCEA52FEB340FF" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE4FFCB3CBCEA52FEB340FF" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">K. hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE4FFCB385AEA6EFD5740FF" authority="Podsiadlo, 2012" authorityName="Podsiadlo" authorityYear="2012" box="[356,704,1904,1929]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE4FFCB385AEA6EFE7640FF" box="[356,481,1906,1929]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">K. quercus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFE4FFCB38D2EA6CFD5740FF" author="Podsiadlo" box="[492,704,1904,1929]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" refString="Podsiadlo, E. (2012) Morphology of second instar nymphs of Kermes quercus (Linnaeus) (Hemiptera: Kermesidae). Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne, 81, 35 - 42. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2478 / v 10200 - 011 - 0061 - 9" type="journal article" year="2012">(Podsiadlo, 2012))</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE4FFCB3BEAEA6EFC0640FF" box="[724,913,1904,1929]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE4FFCB3BEAEA6EFC0640FF" box="[724,913,1904,1929]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Kermes nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also has six- segmented antennae and welldeveloped legs, as on several Nearctic species, including
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE4FFCB3A24EA8AFBC940DB" box="[794,1118,1940,1965]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE4FFCB3A24EA8AFC3C40DB" box="[794,939,1940,1965]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cockerelli">K. cockerelli</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE4FFCB3A88EA8AFBC940DB" box="[950,1118,1940,1965]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="concinnulus">K. concinnulus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE4FFCB3DABEA88FAFB40DB" box="[1173,1388,1940,1965]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nanokermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="iselini">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE4FFCB3DABEA88FAFB40DB" box="[1173,1388,1940,1965]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Nanokermes iselini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE4FFCB39A9EAA4FD0D40A7" authority="Baer & Kosztarab, 1985" authorityName="Baer & Kosztarab" authorityYear="1985" box="[151,666,1976,2001]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Olliffiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="secunda">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE4FFCB39A9EAA4FEFE40A7" box="[151,361,1976,2001]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Olliffiella secunda</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFE4FFCB3846EAA5FD0540A7" author="Baer" box="[376,658,1976,2001]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" refString="Baer, R. G. & Kosztarab, M. (1985) Studies on the morphology and systematics of scale insects-No. 12. II. A morphological and systematic study of the first and second instars of the family Kermesidae in the Nearctic region (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Bulletin of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and University Research Division, 85, 119 - 261." type="journal article" year="1985">Baer & Kosztarab, 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in contrast to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE4FFCB3A8CEAA6FBA540A7" box="[946,1074,1976,2001]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE4FFCB3A8CEAA6FBA540A7" box="[946,1074,1976,2001]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">K. vermilio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which has one-segmented legs (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFE4FFCB39A0EAC0FE064083" author="Pellizzari" box="[158,401,2012,2037]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" refString="Pellizzari, G., Porcelli, F., Convertini, S. & Marotta, S. (2012) Description of nymphal instars and adult female of Kermes vermilio Planchon (Hemiptera, Coccoidea, Kermesidae), with a synopsis of the European and Mediterranean species. Zootaxa, 3336, 36 - 50." type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Pellizzari
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE4FFCB382FEAC2FED64083" box="[273,321,2012,2037]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE4FFCB38F0EAC2FDD14083" box="[462,582,2014,2037]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE4FFCB38F0EAC2FDD14083" box="[462,582,2014,2037]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">K. quercus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which has three-segmented legs (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFE4FFCB3AFFEAC0FBEB4083" author="Podsiadlo" box="[961,1148,2012,2037]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" refString="Podsiadlo, E. (2012) Morphology of second instar nymphs of Kermes quercus (Linnaeus) (Hemiptera: Kermesidae). Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne, 81, 35 - 42. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2478 / v 10200 - 011 - 0061 - 9" type="journal article" year="2012">Podsiadlo, 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFEBFFC439F9ED8BFCE747A3" blockId="56.[151,1436,151,248]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEBFFC439F9ED8BFE3C47C6" bold="true" box="[199,427,151,176]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">First-instar nymph</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFEBFFC43882ED8BFD9947C6" box="[444,526,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="56.[151,250,1483,1505]" captionText="FIGURE 28. Kermes nahalali Bodenheimer, first-instar nymph." pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEBFFC43B1BED8BFC8847C6" bold="true" box="[549,799,151,176]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">General appearance.</emphasis>
|
||
Body oval, tapering posteriorly with distinct anal lobes,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFEBFFC439A9EDA0FEAD47A2" box="[151,314,188,213]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" metricValueMax="4.6" metricValueMin="3.8" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" unit="mm" value="0.42" valueMax="0.46" valueMin="0.38">0.38–0.46 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFEBFFC438BEEDA0FD8247A2" box="[384,533,188,212]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.7999999999999998" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" unit="mm" value="0.19" valueMax="0.2" valueMin="0.18">0.18–0.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; dorsum and venter grey.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFEBFFC439F9EDC3FB9D478E" blockId="56.[151,1436,151,248]" box="[199,1034,223,248]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEBFFC439F9EDC3FE27478E" bold="true" box="[199,432,223,248]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Mounted specimen.</emphasis>
|
||
Body oval,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFEBFFC43B07EDFCFD4B4781" box="[569,732,224,248]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6499999999999995" metricValueMax="4.9" metricValueMin="4.4" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" unit="mm" value="0.46499999999999997" valueMax="0.49" valueMin="0.44">0.44–0.49 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFEBFFC43A1CEDFCFC524781" box="[802,965,224,248]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.7999999999999998" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" unit="mm" value="0.19" valueMax="0.2" valueMin="0.18">0.18–0.20 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF7442C6FFEBFFC439A9E8D7FCB24297" box="[151,805,1483,1505]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFEBFFC439A9E8D7FCB24297" blockId="56.[151,805,1483,1505]" box="[151,805,1483,1505]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEBFFC439A9E8D7FE884297" bold="true" box="[151,287,1483,1505]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">FIGURE 28.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEBFFC4381BE8D0FDC94297" authority="Bodenheimer" authorityName="Bodenheimer" box="[293,606,1483,1505]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEBFFC4381BE8D0FE5A4297" box="[293,461,1483,1505]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Kermes nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
Bodenheimer
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, first-instar nymph.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFEBFFC439F9EB14FBF4411F" blockId="56.[151,1436,1544,2037]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEBFFC439F9EB14FEEF4157" bold="true" box="[199,376,1544,1569]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Marginal setae</emphasis>
|
||
more or less in 2 rows: setae in more marginal row robust spinose, in a complete row of 19–21 setae on each side, each 10–15 µm long; and with smaller, less robust setae in a second incomplete row of 9–11 smaller setae on each side, extending posteriorly from mesothorax, each 5–8 Μm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFEBFFC439F9EB68FC3E418F" blockId="56.[151,1436,1544,2037]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEBFFC439F9EB68FEEC41FB" bold="true" box="[199,379,1652,1677]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Dorsum. Derm</emphasis>
|
||
membranous, with inter-segmental lines.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEBFFC43A66EB68FC0F41FB" bold="true" box="[856,920,1652,1677]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Setae</emphasis>
|
||
setose, each about 11 µm long; in submedial longitudinal rows of 10 setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEBFFC438C9EB84FD7E41C7" bold="true" box="[503,745,1688,1713]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Microtubular ducts,</emphasis>
|
||
with a circular opening about 2 Μm diameter, inner ductule about 1 Μm long and outer ductule 0.5 Μm long; in longitudinal submarginal rows of about 9 pores, and medial rows of about 6 pores, from abdominal segment I to level of anal ring.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFEBFFC539F9EA18FC0345DE" blockId="56.[151,1436,1544,2037]" lastBlockId="57.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="57" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEBFFC439F9EA18FECD406B" bold="true" box="[199,346,1796,1821]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Venter. Eyes</emphasis>
|
||
each 12 µm wide, present close to margin.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEBFFC43A7EEA18FC24406B" bold="true" box="[832,947,1796,1821]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Antennae</emphasis>
|
||
6 segmented; length 100–110 µm; segment III longest; scape and pedicel each with 2 setose setae; segment III with 1 setose seta; IV with 1 fleshy seta; V with 2 fleshy setae, and apical segment with 1 fleshy seta and 4 setose setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEBFFC43AE8EA50FB994013" bold="true" box="[982,1038,1868,1893]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
well-developed; measurements (in Μm) of metathoracic leg: coxa 25–37, trochanter + femur 75–85, tibia 35–40, tarsus 50–60, claw 15–23 µm long; total length 221–232 µm; trochanter with 2 oval sensory pores on each side; setae present on each leg segment; tarsal digitules 27–33 µm long, knobbed apically, extending slightly beyond apex of claw; claw digitules knobbed apically, each 17–25 µm long, shorter than tarsal digitules; each claw with a single denticle near tip.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEBFFC43C23EAC0FA0C4083" bold="true" box="[1309,1435,2012,2037]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Tentorium</emphasis>
|
||
88–100 µm long, 70–75 µm wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEAFFC53B0FED8BFD1847C6" bold="true" box="[561,655,151,176]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Labium</emphasis>
|
||
3 segmented, triangular, 75–90 µm long, 37–47 µm wide, with 14 setose labial setae: basal segment with 2 pairs 5–10 µm long, median segment with a pair 10–13 µm long, and apical segment with 4 pairs 12–17 µm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEAFFC53BB4EDC3FD60478E" bold="true" box="[650,759,223,248]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Spiracles</emphasis>
|
||
subequal in size, each peritreme 3–5 Μm wide, and sclerosis 15–20 µm long; with 3 quinquelocular pores anterolateral to each prothoracic spiracle and 1 pore anterolateral to each mesothoracic spiracle, each 2 Μm wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEAFFC53BB0EC3BFBBB4636" bold="true" box="[654,1068,295,320]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Trilocular or quinquelocular pores</emphasis>
|
||
, each 2 µm diameter; with a pair just anterior to tentorium; 1 pore medially to each coxa; and 2 pores present submedially on abdominal segments II–VI.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEAFFC539DBEC73FE1546FE" bold="true" box="[229,386,367,392]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Ventral setae</emphasis>
|
||
of three
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFEAFFC538D5EC6CFDBD46FE" box="[491,554,368,392]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">types</typeStatus>
|
||
: (i) robust spinose setae, similar to marginal setae, 3 pairs anterior to scapes, each 12–18 µm long; (ii) setose setae: with 3 pairs medially between scapes, each 22–25 µm long; 1 seta medial to each coxa, 10–11 µm long; and with a seta medially and submedially on each abdominal segment II–VII, each 7–8 Μm long; and (iii) tack-like setae, each 5–6 Μm long, in a submarginal line on abdominal segments II–VII.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEAFFC539A9ECE3FEDA456E" bold="true" box="[151,333,511,536]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Bilocular pores</emphasis>
|
||
oval, each 3 µm long, 2 µm wide; 1 pore present between margin and each spiracle.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEAFFC53C3DECE3FA0B456E" bold="true" box="[1283,1436,511,536]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Microspines,</emphasis>
|
||
each 1 µm long, arranged in 2 transverse rows medially and submedially on each abdominal segment.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEAFFC53C16EF38FA0B454B" bold="true" box="[1320,1436,548,573]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Anal ring</emphasis>
|
||
ventral, total diameter 17–20 µm, composed of 2 semi-circles, each half with about 6 pores and 3 spinose setae, each 35–37 µm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEAFFC538AFEF70FD8745F3" bold="true" box="[401,528,620,645]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Anal lobes</emphasis>
|
||
well-developed, each inner margin with 2 setae, similar to marginal setae, each 15–19 µm long, plus a long flagellate, apical seta 157–200 µm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFEAFFC539F9EFA8FE2D442B" blockId="57.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEAFFC539F9EFA8FED845BB" bold="true" box="[199,335,692,717]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
The first-instar nymph of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEAFFC53B47EFA9FD6E45BB" box="[633,761,692,717]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bytinskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEAFFC53B47EFA9FD6E45BB" box="[633,761,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">K. bytinskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was first described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFEAFFC53AC3EFA8FB2945BB" author="Sternlicht" box="[1021,1214,692,717]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" refString="Sternlicht, M. (1969) Kermes bytinskii n. spec. (Coccoidea: Kermesidae) in Israel and observations of life history. Israel Journal of Entomology, 4, 251 - 270." type="journal article" year="1969">Sternlicht (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. One
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFEAFFC53DC1EFA9FAC845BB" box="[1279,1375,693,717]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
slide (see Material examined) was available but the specimens are in poor condition. Therefore, the present redescription is based primarily on fresh specimens and includes several new features, such as the presence of: (i) dorsal microtubular ducts; (ii) microspines on venter of abdominal segments; and (iii) one bilocular pore between each spiracle and body margin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFEAFFC539F9EE7BFA06415B" blockId="57.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||
The first-instar nymph of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEAFFC538D3EE75FDFB44F6" box="[493,620,871,896]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEAFFC538D3EE75FDFB44F6" box="[493,620,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from those of the other
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFEAFFC53AEBEE7BFB8C44F6" box="[981,1051,871,896]" name="Israel" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Israeli</collectingCountry>
|
||
species in having well-developed anal lobes (poorly developed on the other
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFEAFFC53BB1EE90FD4244D3" box="[655,725,908,933]" name="Israel" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Israeli</collectingCountry>
|
||
species). The marginal setae in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEAFFC53D66EE91FB4D44D3" box="[1112,1242,908,933]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEAFFC53D66EE91FB4D44D3" box="[1112,1242,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are spinose and slightly curved apically, resembling those found in the first-instar of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEAFFC53A9CEEADFBCF44BE" box="[930,1112,943,968]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEAFFC53A9CEEADFBCF44BE" box="[930,1112,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">N. balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEAFFC53DE5EEADFACD44BE" box="[1243,1370,943,968]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEAFFC53DE5EEADFACD44BE" box="[1243,1370,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a marginal and submarginal row of setae, whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEAFFC53B82EEC9FCE6449B" box="[700,881,980,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEAFFC53B82EEC9FCE6449B" box="[700,881,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">N. balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
only has a single marginal row.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFEAFFC53DE0EEC8FA0B449B" author="Sternlicht" box="[1246,1436,980,1005]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" refString="Sternlicht, M. (1969) Kermes bytinskii n. spec. (Coccoidea: Kermesidae) in Israel and observations of life history. Israel Journal of Entomology, 4, 251 - 270." type="journal article" year="1969">Sternlicht (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
suggested that the first-instar nymph of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEAFFC53B66EEE5FD4E4366" box="[600,729,1015,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bytinskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEAFFC53B66EEE5FD4E4366" box="[600,729,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">K. bytinskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
resembled
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEAFFC53A65EEE5FBA14366" authority="Linnaeus" authorityName="Linnaeus" box="[859,1078,1015,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ilicis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEAFFC53A65EEE5FC244366" box="[859,947,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">K. ilicis</emphasis>
|
||
(Linnaeus)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a Mediterranean and European species not found in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFEAFFC538B4E900FE5C4343" box="[394,459,1052,1077]" name="Israel" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
||
, although he did note several differences between the two species. We also consider these two species to be very similar. We studied the redescriptions of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEAFFC53AD8E95DFBD5432E" box="[998,1090,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ilicis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEAFFC53AD8E95DFBD5432E" box="[998,1090,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">K. ilicis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFEAFFC53D46E923FAF0432E" author="Balachowsky" box="[1144,1383,1087,1112]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" refString="Balachowsky, A. S. (1950) Les Kermes (Hom, Coccoidea) des chenes en Europe et dans le basin Mediterranean. Proceedings of the International Congress of Entomology, 8, 739 - 754." type="journal article" year="1950">Balachowsky (1950)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFEAFFC539A9E978FEE2430B" author="Borchsenius" box="[151,373,1124,1149]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" refString="Borchsenius, N. S. (1960) Fauna of USSR, Homoptera, Kermococcidae, Asterolecaniidae, Lecanidodiaspididae, Aclerdidae. Akademiia Nauk SSSR, Zoologicheskii institut (Series), Leningrad, 282 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1960">Borchsenius (1960)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and have examined slide-mounted material of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEAFFC53AB2E979FC75430B" box="[908,994,1124,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ilicis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEAFFC53AB2E979FC75430B" box="[908,994,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">K. ilicis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see Material examined) and we found several characters of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEAFFC538B0E995FE7F43D6" box="[398,488,1159,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ilicis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEAFFC538B0E995FE7F43D6" box="[398,488,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">K. ilicis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
not previously mentioned, such as presence of: (i) dorsal setose setae; (ii) dorsal microtubular ducts; (iii) microspines on venter of abdominal segments; and (iv) only one bilocular pore between each spiracle and body margin. The first-instar nymphs of these two species also share the same
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFEAFFC53DDFE9CCFA86439E" box="[1249,1297,1232,1256]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of marginal setae, the same distribution of ventral tri- and quinquelocular pores and both have well-developed anal lobes. They differ in the number of quinquelocular pores associated with each anterior spiracle:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEAFFC53D00E805FB2C4246" box="[1086,1211,1303,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEAFFC53D00E805FB2C4246" box="[1086,1211,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has three compared to two in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEAFFC53839E821FEF74223" box="[263,352,1340,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ilicis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEAFFC53839E821FEF74223" box="[263,352,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">K. ilicis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Despite this great similarity, apparently they can be separated at the female post-reproductive stage, as this stage in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEAFFC538B5E87DFE75420E" box="[395,482,1375,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ilicis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEAFFC538B5E87DFE75420E" box="[395,482,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">K. ilicis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is described as spherical in shape, with a red-brown to brown-black dorsum and sixsegmented antennae and fully-developed legs (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFEAFFC53B91E898FCF642EA" author="Leonardi" box="[687,865,1412,1437]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" refString="Leonardi, G. (1920) Monografia delle cocciniglie Italiane. Della Torre, Portici, 555 pp." type="book" year="1920">Leonardi, 1920</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFEAFFC53A51E898FBD442EB" author="Borchsenius" box="[879,1091,1412,1437]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" refString="Borchsenius, N. S. (1960) Fauna of USSR, Homoptera, Kermococcidae, Asterolecaniidae, Lecanidodiaspididae, Aclerdidae. Akademiia Nauk SSSR, Zoologicheskii institut (Series), Leningrad, 282 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1960">Borchsenius, 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFEAFFC53D62E898FB3842EA" box="[1116,1199,1412,1437]" captionStart="PLATE 7" captionStartId="91.[151,238,1845,1868]" captionTargetBox="[193,1326,205,1823]" captionTargetId="figure@91.[185,1326,193,1823]" captionTargetPageId="91" captionText="PLATE 7. Some Palaearctic Kermesidae, general appearance of post-reproductive female; a. Kermes bacciformis (MNHN 10646; France: Bouches-du-Rhône, Marseille, Quercus sp., x. 1950, coll. P. Vayssière); b. K. ilicis (MNHN 7413; France: Vaucluse, Sérignan, Quercus sp., 18. vi. 1978, coll. P. Teocchi & D. Matile-Ferrero); c. K. roboris (BMNH 180; Germany, Q. sessiflora, 1914, coll. E. E. Green); d. K. vermilio (ICVI C: 5132; Italy: Bitonto (Bari), Q. ilex, 25. vii. 2012, coll. F. Porcelli)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285780/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Plate 7</figureCitation>
|
||
, fig. b), whereas the post-reproductive female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEAFFC538E0E8B5FDC842B6" box="[478,607,1447,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEAFFC538E0E8B5FDC842B6" box="[478,607,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is grey, sometimes orange-brown, and the body is heart-shaped, with a medial depression. It too has six-segmented antennae and fully-developed legs (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFEAFFC53D0DE8D0FA034293" author="Sternlicht" box="[1075,1428,1484,1509]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" refString="Sternlicht, M. (1969) Kermes bytinskii n. spec. (Coccoidea: Kermesidae) in Israel and observations of life history. Israel Journal of Entomology, 4, 251 - 270." type="journal article" year="1969">Sternlicht, 1969; present study</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFEAFFC539A0E8F3FF65417E" box="[158,242,1519,1544]" captionStart="PLATE 4" captionStartId="63.[151,234,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[204,1384,199,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@63.[197,1390,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="PLATE 4. Kermes nahalali Bodenheimer, general appearance; a. second-instar female; b. third-instar female and male test; c. young adult female; d. post-reproductive female, dorsal view; e. post-reproductive female, lateral view; f. second-instar male; g. prepupa; h. pupa; i. adult male." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285777/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Plate 4</figureCitation>
|
||
, figs. d–e). Thus, the colour and shape of the post-reproductive female may be useful in distinguishing between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEAFFC539C5EB09FEC5415B" box="[251,338,1556,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ilicis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEAFFC539C5EB09FEC5415B" box="[251,338,1556,1581]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">K. ilicis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEAFFC538B7EB09FD99415B" box="[393,526,1556,1581]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEAFFC538B7EB09FD9D415B" box="[393,522,1556,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">K. nahalali</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Future studies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEAFFC53BE6EB09FCB8415B" box="[728,815,1556,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ilicis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEAFFC53BE6EB09FCB8415B" box="[728,815,1556,1581]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">K. ilicis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may suggest other traits to separate these two species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFEAFFC539F9EB2BFD4F41EE" blockId="57.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEAFFC539F9EB2BFEDB4126" bold="true" box="[199,332,1591,1616]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Adult male</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFEAFFC53862EB2BFE274126" box="[348,432,1591,1616]" captionStart="FIGURE 29" captionStartId="58.[151,250,1402,1424]" captionText="FIGURE 29. Kermes nahalali Bodenheimer, adult male." pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFEAFFC53882EB2BFD9B4126" box="[444,524,1591,1616]" captionStart="PLATE 4" captionStartId="63.[151,234,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[204,1384,199,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@63.[197,1390,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="PLATE 4. Kermes nahalali Bodenheimer, general appearance; a. second-instar female; b. third-instar female and male test; c. young adult female; d. post-reproductive female, dorsal view; e. post-reproductive female, lateral view; f. second-instar male; g. prepupa; h. pupa; i. adult male." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285777/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Plate 4</figureCitation>
|
||
, fig. i).
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFEAFFC53B5BEB24FD134126" box="[613,644,1592,1616]" name="American Samoa" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">As</collectingCountry>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEAFFC53B8AEB25FCD74126" box="[692,832,1591,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEAFFC53B8AEB25FCD74126" box="[692,832,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
except:
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEAFFC53A9EEB2BFB0D4126" bold="true" box="[928,1178,1591,1616]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">General appearance.</emphasis>
|
||
Newly emerged males brown; body 2.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFEAFFC53860EB40FE234102" box="[350,436,1628,1653]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, width across mesothorax
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFEAFFC53A26EB40FC084102" box="[792,927,1628,1653]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="mm" value="0.55" valueMax="0.6" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; wings
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFEAFFC53D0BEB40FB2A4102" box="[1077,1213,1628,1653]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="mm" value="1.35" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.2">1.2–1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFEAFFC53C12EB40FF5441E1" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="mm" value="0.6" valueMax="0.75" valueMin="0.45">0.45–0.75 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; waxy caudal filaments 1.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFEAFFC53B7AEB63FD0F41E1" box="[580,664,1663,1688]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFEAFFC539F9EBB8FB2A41CA" blockId="57.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[199,1213,1700,1725]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEAFFC539F9EBB8FE2741CB" bold="true" box="[199,432,1700,1725]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Mounted specimen.</emphasis>
|
||
Total length 2.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFEAFFC53B48EBB8FD5C41CA" box="[630,715,1700,1725]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, width across mesothorax
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFEAFFC53D11EBB8FB2E41CA" box="[1071,1209,1700,1725]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="mm" value="0.65" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFEAFFC539F9EBDBFCBF40AB" blockId="57.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEAFFC539F9EBDBFE9A4196" bold="true" box="[199,269,1735,1760]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Head.</emphasis>
|
||
Length 330–340 µm long; width across genae 290–300 µm. Dorsal (dse) and ventral simple eyes (vse), each 38–40 µm diameter; lateral simple eyes smaller (lse), each 22–25 µm diameter; ocellus 16–18 µm diameter. Dorsal head setae (dhs) in rows on either side of median crest, each with 4–6 hs setae. Ventral head setae (vhs) in a transverse band of a total 10–12 hs.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEAFFC53B06EA28FD23403B" bold="true" box="[568,692,1844,1869]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Antennae:</emphasis>
|
||
783–1000 µm long (ratio of total body length to antennal length about 1:0.4). Scape (scp) 43–50 µm long, 34–40 µm wide, with 2–4 hs. Pedicel (ped) 50–63 µm long, 40–50 µm wide, with 4–6 hs. Flagellar segments III–X each 52–136 µm long and 20–25 µm wide; segment III longest, with segments becoming shorter towards apex; approximate number of setae per segment:
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFEAFFC53D66EABDFB6140CF" box="[1112,1270,1952,1977]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" value="1915-03-23" valueMax="1915-07-23" valueMin="1915-03-23">III–VII 15–23</date>
|
||
fs
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFEAFFC53C26EABDFF2440AB" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" value="2010-08-16" valueMax="2010-10-16" valueMin="2010-08-16">VIII–X 10– 16</date>
|
||
fs;
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFEAFFC539E3EAD9FEB540AA" box="[221,290,1988,2012]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">VIII 1</date>
|
||
ab and
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFEAFFC53844EAD9FE3440AA" box="[378,419,1988,2012]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">X 2</date>
|
||
ab + 4 cs, each cs 35–40 µm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFE9FFC639F9ED8BFBC147A1" blockId="58.[151,1436,151,219]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE9FFC639F9ED8BFE2D47C6" bold="true" box="[199,442,151,176]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Thorax. Prothorax:</emphasis>
|
||
as for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE9FFC63B35ED85FD0F47C6" box="[523,664,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE9FFC63B35ED85FD0F47C6" box="[523,664,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but sternum (stn1) with faint radial striations and 1 hs prosternal setae (stn1s) on each side. Anteprosternal (astn1s) and antemesospiracular setae (am2s) absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF7442C6FFE9FFC639A9E866FD4E42E6" box="[151,729,1402,1424]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFE9FFC639A9E866FD4E42E6" blockId="58.[151,729,1402,1424]" box="[151,729,1402,1424]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE9FFC639A9E866FE8842E6" bold="true" box="[151,287,1402,1424]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">FIGURE 29.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE9FFC6381BE867FDC942E6" authority="Bodenheimer" authorityName="Bodenheimer" box="[293,606,1402,1424]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE9FFC6381BE867FE5A42E6" box="[293,461,1402,1424]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Kermes nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
Bodenheimer
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, adult male.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFE9FFC639F9E8ABFD5F4113" blockId="58.[151,1437,1463,2004]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE9FFC639F9E8ABFEC842A6" bold="true" box="[199,351,1463,1488]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Mesothorax:</emphasis>
|
||
prescutum (prsc) 75–80 µm long, 180–200 µm wide. Scutum (sct): median membranous area 60–65 µm long, without setae but with 2 pairs of hair-like setae laterad to membranous area, each 12–15 µm long. Scutellum (scl) 80–90 µm long, 150–200 µm wide, without setae. Basisternum (stn2) 158–200 µm long, 250–270 µm wide; basisternal setae absent. Tegula (teg) with 5 or 6 hs tegular setae (tegs). Mesothoracic spiracles (sp2): peritreme 10–15 µm wide, without loculate pores.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFE9FFC639F9EB6CFDB641A2" blockId="58.[151,1437,1463,2004]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE9FFC639F9EB6CFEC941FF" bold="true" box="[199,350,1648,1673]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Metathorax:</emphasis>
|
||
Metathoracic spiracles (sp3): peritreme 10–15 µm wide. Metasternum (stn3) with a total of 34–40 hs setae: 8–12 anterior metasternal setae (amss); 10–18 posterior metasternal setae (pmss) and 3–9 postmetaspiracular setae (eps3s), each 20–25 µm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFE9FFC639F9EBC3FAA9406A" blockId="58.[151,1437,1463,2004]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE9FFC639F9EBC3FE8C418E" bold="true" box="[199,283,1759,1784]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Wings:</emphasis>
|
||
1200–1500 µm long, 450–475 µm wide (ratio of length to width 1:0.37; ratio of total body length to wing length 1:0.55). Hamulohalteres (h) 150–152 µm long and 50–55 µm wide; hamulus, 55–65 µm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFE9FFC739F9EA3BFF47478E" blockId="58.[151,1437,1463,2004]" lastBlockId="59.[151,1436,151,752]" lastPageId="59" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE9FFC639F9EA3BFE9F4036" bold="true" box="[199,264,1831,1856]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Legs:</emphasis>
|
||
metathoracic legs longest, 724–847 µm long; prothoracic and mesothoracic legs 768–810 µm long. Coxa:
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE9FFC639DEEA50FE9A4012" box="[224,269,1867,1892]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" value="1960-01">I 60</date>
|
||
–65;
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE9FFC6387BEA50FEEC4012" box="[325,379,1867,1892]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" value="1980-02">II 80</date>
|
||
–85;
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE9FFC6388DEA50FE664012" box="[435,497,1868,1892]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" value="1994-03">III 94</date>
|
||
–98 µm long, with 2–13 hs. Trochanter:
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE9FFC63A8AEA50FC754012" box="[948,994,1867,1892]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" value="1950-01">I 50</date>
|
||
–55;
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE9FFC63D27EA50FBC74012" box="[1049,1104,1867,1892]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" value="1950-02">II 50</date>
|
||
–63; III: 60–63 µm long, with 2–7 hs; each trochanter with 3 oval sensory pores in a triangle on each surface. Femur: I 232–235; II 205–213; III 244–250 µm long, with 22–35 hs. Tibia: I 296–300; II 293–300; III 294–300 µm long, with 29–43 hs; all tibia with 2 apical spurs (tibs) 20–25 µm long. Tarsi 2-segmented; tarsus 2 (tar2): I 100–113; II 105–110; III 100–110 µm long, with 9–18 hs; tarsal digitules (tdgt) not extending beyond claw, each about 40 µm long. Claw (cl) with denticle:
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE8FFC739C1EDA1FECE47A2" box="[255,345,188,212]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" value="1927-01-29">I 27–29</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE8FFC7385BEDA1FE5E47A3" box="[357,457,188,213]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" value="1926-02-28">II 26–28</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE8FFC738EAEDA1FDA847A2" box="[468,575,188,212]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" value="1934-03-30">III 30–34</date>
|
||
µm long; claw digitules (cdt) not extending beyond claw, each about 30 µm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFE8FFC739F9EC18FB5A456E" blockId="59.[151,1436,151,752]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE8FFC739F9EC18FED4466B" bold="true" box="[199,323,260,285]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Abdomen.</emphasis>
|
||
Sternites (as) lightly sclerotized on segments V–VIII; tergites and pleural areas unsclerotized; Abdominal dorsal setae (ads) (totals): segments
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE8FFC73BF9EC34FC8A4636" box="[711,797,296,320]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">I–VII 2</date>
|
||
hs, 10 µm long;
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE8FFC73AD2EC34FBA24636" box="[1004,1077,296,320]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">VIII 2</date>
|
||
hs, 40 µm long; pleural setae: dorsopleural setae (adps) (on each side):
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE8FFC73B5FEC51FD234612" box="[609,692,332,356]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">I–VII 2</date>
|
||
hs, 20–25 µm long,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE8FFC73AA2EC51FC764612" box="[924,993,332,356]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">VIII 3</date>
|
||
hs, one 85–90 µm long plus others 25– 30 µm long; ventropleural setae (avps) (on each side)
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE8FFC73A2EEC6CFCEC46FE" box="[784,891,368,392]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">IV–VII 1</date>
|
||
hs, 15 µm long; abdominal ventral setae (avs) (totals)
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE8FFC739D3EC89FEE046DA" box="[237,375,404,428]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" value="2012-02-20" valueMax="2012-03-20" valueMin="2012-02-20">II–III 12–20</date>
|
||
hs,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE8FFC7389BEC89FE4046DA" box="[421,471,404,428]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">IV 8</date>
|
||
hs,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFE8FFC73B3BEC89FDFB46DA" box="[517,620,404,428]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">V–VIII 4</date>
|
||
hs 20–25 µm long. Glandular pouch (setae (gls) 142–145 µm long; each pouch with 10–12 pores, each 3 µm diameter with 3–5 loculi.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE8FFC73A5AECABFBA746A6" bold="true" box="[868,1072,439,464]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Genital segment:</emphasis>
|
||
penial sheath (ps) 170–190 µm long, greatest width 110–120 µm. Basal rod (bra) 40–50 µm long. Aedeagus (aed) 100–120 µm long. Genital capsule with a pair of hair-like setae on dorsum and 4 or 5 pairs of hair-like setae (gts) ventrally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFE8FFC739F9EF38FE8A4586" blockId="59.[151,1436,151,752]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE8FFC739F9EF38FED8454B" bold="true" box="[199,335,548,573]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
The adult male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE8FFC73B07EF39FD2B454B" box="[569,700,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bytinskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE8FFC73B07EF39FD2B454B" box="[569,700,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">K. bytinskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, now a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE8FFC73D3BEF39FB10454B" box="[1029,1159,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE8FFC73D3BEF39FB10454B" box="[1029,1159,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, was first described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFE8FFC739A9EF5BFECB4516" author="Sternlicht" box="[151,348,583,608]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Sternlicht, M. (1969) Kermes bytinskii n. spec. (Coccoidea: Kermesidae) in Israel and observations of life history. Israel Journal of Entomology, 4, 251 - 270." type="journal article" year="1969">Sternlicht (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFE8FFC73891EF5BFE664516" box="[431,497,583,608]" name="Israel" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
||
. No male
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFE8FFC73B46EF54FD3F4516" box="[632,680,584,608]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE8FFC73A78EF55FC594516" box="[838,974,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bytinskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE8FFC73A78EF55FC594516" box="[838,974,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">K. bytinskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is available and therefore the present redescription is based on fresh specimens and includes several features not originally noted: (i) absence of pores on anterior and posterior metasternal regions (several were recorded by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFE8FFC73A99EF93FBC945DE" author="Sternlicht" box="[935,1118,655,680]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Sternlicht, M. (1969) Kermes bytinskii n. spec. (Coccoidea: Kermesidae) in Israel and observations of life history. Israel Journal of Entomology, 4, 251 - 270." type="journal article" year="1969">Sternlicht, 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); (ii) abdominal tergites not sclerotized, only sternites are sclerotized; and (iii) presence of microspines on venter of abdominal segments and metathorax.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF7442C6FFE8FFC739A9EABDFD3740C1" box="[151,672,1953,1975]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFE8FFC739A9EABDFD3740C1" blockId="59.[151,672,1953,1975]" box="[151,672,1953,1975]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE8FFC739A9EABDFE8840C1" bold="true" box="[151,287,1953,1975]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">FIGURE 30.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE8FFC7381BEABEFDC940C1" authority="Bodenheimer" authorityName="Bodenheimer" box="[293,606,1953,1975]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE8FFC7381BEABEFE5A40C1" box="[293,461,1953,1975]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Kermes nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
Bodenheimer
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, pupa.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFEFFFC039F9ED8BFD3B46DB" blockId="60.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
The adult male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEFFFC038A9ED85FD8147C6" box="[407,534,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC038A9ED85FD8147C6" box="[407,534,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is very similar to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEFFFC03A79ED85FC3947C6" box="[839,942,153,176]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03A79ED85FC3947C6" box="[839,942,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEFFFC03AD9ED85FBEC47C6" box="[999,1147,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spatulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03AD9ED85FBEC47C6" box="[999,1147,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">K. spatulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but can be distinguished by having only one dorsopleural seta on abdominal segment I (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEFFFC03A48EDA1FB9B47A3" box="[886,1036,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spatulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03A48EDA1FB9B47A3" box="[886,1036,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">K. spatulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has eight and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEFFFC03D84EDA1FAB447A2" box="[1210,1315,189,212]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03D84EDA1FAB447A2" box="[1210,1315,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has four). These three species plus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEFFFC038FCEDFDFDEC478E" box="[450,635,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC038FCEDFDFDEC478E" box="[450,635,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">N. balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have metasternal setae, while
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03AD5EDFDFAD5478E" box="[1003,1346,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEFFFC03AD5EDFDFBE8478E" box="[1003,1151,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">K. echinatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEFFFC03DAEEDFDFAD5478E" box="[1168,1346,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">K. hermonensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEFFFC03CBAEDFDFF7B466B" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Eriokermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gillettei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03CBAEDFDFF7B466B" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">E. gillettei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a North American species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFEFFFC03B10EC18FCBE466A" author="Miller" box="[558,809,260,285]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" refString="Miller, D. R. & Miller, G. L. (1993) Description of a new genus of scale insect with a discussion of relationships among families related to the Kermesidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Systematic Entomology, 18 (3), 237 - 251. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.1993. tb 00664. x" type="journal article" year="1993">Miller & Miller, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) do not.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEFFFC03AB0EC19FBDE466B" box="[910,1097,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03AB0EC19FBDE466B" box="[910,1097,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Kermes nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has more than 25 metasternal setae, and more than two dorso-pleural setae on abdominal segments II–VII. Another Palaearctic species not present in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFEFFFC03823EC50FEC94613" box="[285,350,332,357]" name="Israel" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEFFFC0384CEC51FCF44612" authority="Koteja & Zak-Ogaza, 1972" authorityName="Koteja & Zak-Ogaza" authorityYear="1972" box="[370,867,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC0384CEC51FE644612" box="[370,499,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">K. quercus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFEFFFC03B34EC50FCCC4612" author="Koteja" box="[522,859,332,357]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" refString="Koteja, J. & Zak-Ogaza, B. (1972) Morphology and taxonomy of the male Kermes quercus (L.) (Homoptera, Coccoidea). Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia, 17, 193 - 215." type="journal article" year="1972">Koteja & Zak-Ogaza, 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, also has 28–40 metasternal setae but can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEFFFC0384FEC6DFE7846FE" box="[369,495,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC0384FEC6DFE7846FE" box="[369,495,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the more abundant ventral head setae (28–42) and dorsal head setae (13–23) (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEFFFC03CBCEC6DFF6346DB" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03CBCEC6DFF6346DB" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFEFFFC03819EC88FE5946DB" box="[295,462,404,429]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" value="2010-06-12" valueMax="2010-06-04" valueMin="2010-06-12">10–12 and 4–6</date>
|
||
setae respectively).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFEFFFC039F9ECABFB3A456E" blockId="60.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC039F9ECABFD9046A6" bold="true" box="[199,519,439,464]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Fourth-instar male (pupa)</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFEFFFC03B27ECABFDF846A6" box="[537,623,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 30" captionStartId="59.[151,250,1953,1975]" captionText="FIGURE 30. Kermes nahalali Bodenheimer, pupa." pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFEFFFC03B43ECABFD5846A6" box="[637,719,439,464]" captionStart="PLATE 4" captionStartId="63.[151,234,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[204,1384,199,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@63.[197,1390,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="PLATE 4. Kermes nahalali Bodenheimer, general appearance; a. second-instar female; b. third-instar female and male test; c. young adult female; d. post-reproductive female, dorsal view; e. post-reproductive female, lateral view; f. second-instar male; g. prepupa; h. pupa; i. adult male." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285777/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Plate 4</figureCitation>
|
||
, fig. h). Develops within a white, flocculent (wooly) wax test secreted by second-instar male; very similar to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEFFFC03BC4ECC1FC104683" box="[762,903,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03BC4ECC1FC104683" box="[762,903,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but differing as follows.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03D9DECC0FA024683" bold="true" box="[1187,1429,476,501]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">General appearance</emphasis>
|
||
. Body brown and elongate oval when removed from test, 1.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFEFFFC03A79ECE3FC0C4561" box="[839,923,511,536]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, 0.5–1.0 mm wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFEFFFC039F9EF38FA17454B" blockId="60.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[199,1408,548,573]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC039F9EF38FE27454B" bold="true" box="[199,432,548,573]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Mounted specimen.</emphasis>
|
||
Body
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFEFFFC038C5EF38FD15454A" box="[507,642,548,573]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" unit="mm" value="1.4" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.3">1.3–1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, 0.5–1.0 mm wide; head 225–135 µm long, 425–450 µm wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFEFFFC039F9EF5BFB3A45F3" blockId="60.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC039F9EF5BFE504516" bold="true" box="[199,455,583,608]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Margin. Wing-buds:</emphasis>
|
||
fore-wings 550–600 µm long, 200–210 µm wide; hind-wings length ratio to mesothoracic wings 1:10.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03883EF70FE6A45F3" bold="true" box="[445,509,620,645]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Setae</emphasis>
|
||
fine and blunt, each 25 µm long, arranged as on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEFFFC03D1FEF71FB3145F3" box="[1057,1190,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03D1FEF71FB3145F3" box="[1057,1190,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">K echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFEFFFC039F9EF93FF47444E" blockId="60.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC039F9EF93FEF845DE" bold="true" box="[199,367,655,680]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Dorsum. Eyes</emphasis>
|
||
absent.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFEFFFC038E6EF8CFE7B45DE" box="[472,492,656,680]" name="Iceland" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC038D2EF93FD1F45DE" bold="true" box="[492,648,655,680]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">cular sclerite</emphasis>
|
||
reticulated, 45–50 µm long, 140–158 µm wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03D8BEF93FB6245DE" bold="true" box="[1205,1269,655,680]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Setae</emphasis>
|
||
setose, each 5 µm long, distributed as follows: 4 pairs on head apex, and in submedial longitudinal rows, each row with about 6 setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC039E0EFCBFECA4586" bold="true" box="[222,349,727,752]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Anal lobes</emphasis>
|
||
slightly developed, rounded and membranous; each with 1 setose seta 65–95 Μm long on apex.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC039A9EFE0FE174463" bold="true" box="[151,384,764,789]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Median penial lobe</emphasis>
|
||
triangular, 95–115 Μm long, 95–115 Μm wide; with 3 pairs of setose setae, each 13–20 Μm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFEFFFC039F9EE58FA194366" blockId="60.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC039F9EE58FE43442B" bold="true" box="[199,468,836,861]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Venter. Ocular sclerite</emphasis>
|
||
reticulated as on dorsum.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03BC0EE58FCE5442B" bold="true" box="[766,882,836,861]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Antennae</emphasis>
|
||
10 segmented, length 475–500 µm, width 30–45 µm; setae absent.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC0385BEE7BFE4544F6" bold="true" box="[357,466,871,896]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Spiracles</emphasis>
|
||
subequal in size, each peritreme 25–30 µm long and 20–30 µm wide; each sclerosis 35–40 µm long; without associated pores.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03BA9EE90FD5844D3" bold="true" box="[663,719,908,933]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
well-developed, subequal in size; measurements (in Μm) of metathoracic leg: coxa 75–90, trochanter + femur 170–185, tibia 155–165, tarsus 100–110, total length 515–540 Μm; each coxa with 2 short setae, each 5 µm long; claw 5 µm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03A8FEEC8FBD8449B" bold="true" box="[945,1103,980,1005]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Ventral setae</emphasis>
|
||
setose, with 4 pairs of interantennal setae each 5 Μm long, and abdominal seta arranged as on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEFFFC03ABEEEE5FB9C4366" box="[896,1035,1015,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03ABEEEE5FB9C4366" box="[896,1035,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03D24EEEBFB254366" bold="true" box="[1050,1202,1015,1040]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Microspines,</emphasis>
|
||
as on
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03DC5EEE5FA194366" box="[1275,1422,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEFFFC03DC5EEE5FA1C4366" box="[1275,1419,1015,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">K. echinatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFEFFFC039F9E900FE9843B3" blockId="60.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC039F9E900FED84343" bold="true" box="[199,335,1052,1077]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
The pupa of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEFFFC038CBE901FDE04343" box="[501,631,1052,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC038CBE901FDE04343" box="[501,631,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is greyish-brown in life, similar to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEFFFC03DB5E901FAD34343" box="[1163,1348,1052,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03DB5E901FAD34343" box="[1163,1348,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">N. balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEFFFC03CBCE901FE9D432E" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spatulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03CBCE901FE9D432E" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">K. spatulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(other
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFEFFFC03862E923FE35432E" box="[348,418,1087,1112]" name="Israel" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Israeli</collectingCountry>
|
||
kermesids:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEFFFC03B15E95DFD2F432E" box="[555,696,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03B15E95DFD2F432E" box="[555,696,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEFFFC03BCEE95DFC08432E" box="[752,927,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03BCEE95DFC08432E" box="[752,927,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">K. hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
red, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEFFFC03D34E95DFBE6432E" box="[1034,1137,1089,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03D34E95DFBE6432E" box="[1034,1137,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
orange).
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFEFFFC03DE0E95CFB6A432E" box="[1246,1277,1088,1112]" name="American Samoa" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">As</collectingCountry>
|
||
with all other
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFEFFFC039A9E978FF4A430B" box="[151,221,1124,1149]" name="Israel" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Israeli</collectingCountry>
|
||
pupae (bar
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEFFFC0385CE979FD98430B" box="[354,527,1124,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC0385CE979FD98430B" box="[354,527,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">K. hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEFFFC03BBEE979FD69430B" box="[640,766,1124,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03BBEE979FD69430B" box="[640,766,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lack quinquelocular pores anterior to each spiracle, and has membranous lobes, similar to other kermesid pupa apart from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEFFFC03A69E995FC2843D6" box="[855,959,1161,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03A69E995FC2843D6" box="[855,959,1161,1184]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEFFFC03AC9E995FB1C43D6" box="[1015,1163,1159,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spatulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03AC9E995FB1C43D6" box="[1015,1163,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">K. spatulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which have sclerotized anal lobes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFEFFFC039F9E9D3FAD0427B" blockId="60.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC039F9E9D3FD89439E" bold="true" box="[199,542,1231,1256]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Third-instar male (prepupa)</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFEFFFC03B13E9D3FDEC439E" box="[557,635,1231,1256]" captionStart="FIGURE 31" captionStartId="61.[151,250,1272,1294]" captionText="FIGURE 31. Kermes nahalali Bodenheimer, prepupa." pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Fig 31</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFEFFFC03BB7E9D3FD4E439E" box="[649,729,1231,1256]" captionStart="PLATE 4" captionStartId="63.[151,234,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[204,1384,199,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@63.[197,1390,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="PLATE 4. Kermes nahalali Bodenheimer, general appearance; a. second-instar female; b. third-instar female and male test; c. young adult female; d. post-reproductive female, dorsal view; e. post-reproductive female, lateral view; f. second-instar male; g. prepupa; h. pupa; i. adult male." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285777/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Plate 4</figureCitation>
|
||
, fig. g).
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03A02E9D3FBB8439E" bold="true" box="[828,1071,1231,1256]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">General appearance</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFEFFFC03D00E9CCFBCA439E" box="[1086,1117,1232,1256]" name="American Samoa" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">As</collectingCountry>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEFFFC03DB1E9CDFA81439E" box="[1167,1302,1231,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03DB1E9CDFA81439E" box="[1167,1302,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">K echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
apart from:
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC039A9E9E8FE07427B" bold="true" box="[151,400,1268,1293]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">General appearance.</emphasis>
|
||
Body brown and oval when removed from test, 1.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFEFFFC03ADFE9E8FBA2427A" box="[993,1077,1268,1293]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFEFFFC03D42E9E8FA94427A" box="[1148,1283,1268,1293]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" unit="mm" value="0.65" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFEFFFC039F9E80BFC294246" blockId="60.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[199,958,1303,1328]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC039F9E80BFE274246" bold="true" box="[199,432,1303,1328]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Mounted specimen.</emphasis>
|
||
Body
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFEFFFC038C5E80BFD094259" box="[507,670,1303,1328]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.75" metricValueMin="1.25" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="1.75" valueMin="1.25">1.25–1.75 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFEFFFC03BDAE80BFCEE4259" box="[740,889,1303,1328]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.199999999999999" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="5.4" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" unit="mm" value="0.72" valueMax="0.9" valueMin="0.54">0.54–0.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFEFFFC039F9E820FD8D4201" blockId="60.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC039F9E820FDB64223" bold="true" box="[199,545,1340,1365]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Margin. Anterior wing-buds</emphasis>
|
||
355–450 µm long, 135–200 µm wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03AD2E820FBBB4223" bold="true" box="[1004,1068,1340,1365]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Setae</emphasis>
|
||
fine and blunt, each 12–15 µm long, in 2 rows as on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEFFFC038B9E87DFD84420E" box="[391,531,1375,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC038B9E87DFD84420E" box="[391,531,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFEFFFC039F9E898FB234293" blockId="60.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC039F9E898FEE242EB" bold="true" box="[199,373,1412,1437]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Dorsum. Setae</emphasis>
|
||
setose, each 5–8 µm long, with 4 pairs on head apex, and with submedial longitudinal rows as on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEFFFC03982E8B5FEDD42B6" box="[188,330,1447,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03982E8B5FEDD42B6" box="[188,330,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03865E8BBFE4D42B6" bold="true" box="[347,474,1447,1472]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Anal lobes</emphasis>
|
||
50–80 Μm long, 90–110 Μm wide, each with 3 pairs of setose setae, each 5–10 Μm long; also with 2 pairs of similar setae just anterior to median penial lobe, each 5–10 Μm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFEFFFC039F9E8F3FD9C41CB" blockId="60.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC039F9E8F3FECD417E" bold="true" box="[199,346,1519,1544]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Venter. Eyes</emphasis>
|
||
absent.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03888E8F3FDBE417E" bold="true" box="[438,553,1519,1544]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Antennae</emphasis>
|
||
7 or 8 segmented, tapering apically, 250–275 µm long, 70–80 µm wide; with a short fleshy seta on segments V and VI and 5 on apical segment, each about 5 µm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03D51EB08FB4B415B" bold="true" box="[1135,1244,1556,1581]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Spiracles</emphasis>
|
||
subequal in size, each peritreme 20–25 µm long, 10–15 µm wide, each sclerosis 30–40 µm long; without pores associated with spiracles.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03836EB40FEDD4103" bold="true" box="[264,330,1628,1653]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Legs:</emphasis>
|
||
length of metathoracic leg, 190–260 Μm, width 70–75 Μm; claw and setae absent.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03DC1EB40FA0B4103" bold="true" box="[1279,1436,1628,1653]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Ventral setae</emphasis>
|
||
setose, each 8–10 Μm long; with 4 pairs between scapes; abdominal setae arranged as on
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03C3EEB9DFA0B41EE" box="[1280,1436,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEFFFC03C3EEB9DFA0E41EE" box="[1280,1433,1663,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">K. echinatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC039A9EBB8FEB841CB" bold="true" box="[151,303,1700,1725]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Microspines,</emphasis>
|
||
as on
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03846EBB9FD9C41CB" box="[376,523,1700,1725]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEFFFC03846EBB9FD9041CB" box="[376,519,1700,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">K. echinatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFEFFFC039F9EBDBFA974006" blockId="60.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC039F9EBDBFED84196" bold="true" box="[199,335,1735,1760]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
The prepupa of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEFFFC03B2EEBD5FD074196" box="[528,656,1735,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03B2EEBD5FD074196" box="[528,656,1735,1760]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is greyish-brown in life, similar to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEFFFC03DAFEBD5FADF4196" box="[1169,1352,1735,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03DAFEBD5FADF4196" box="[1169,1352,1735,1760]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">N. balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEFFFC03CBCEBD5FE9D4073" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spatulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03CBCEBD5FE9D4073" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">K. spatulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(other
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFEFFFC03865EBF0FE364073" box="[347,417,1772,1797]" name="Israel" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Israeli</collectingCountry>
|
||
prepupae:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEFFFC03B20EBF1FD3D4073" box="[542,682,1772,1797]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03B20EBF1FD3D4073" box="[542,682,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEFFFC03BDFEBF1FC184073" box="[737,911,1772,1797]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03BDFEBF1FC184073" box="[737,911,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">K. hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
red and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEFFFC03ACFEBF1FBCF4072" box="[1009,1112,1773,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03ACFEBF1FBCF4072" box="[1009,1112,1773,1796]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
orange). The prepupae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEFFFC03CBCEBF1FF63405E" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03CBCEBF1FF63405E" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lack quinquelocular pores anterior to each spiracle, as also in
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03A8CEA0DFB2B405E" box="[946,1212,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEFFFC03A8CEA0DFB8B405E" box="[946,1052,1809,1832]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">K. greeni</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEFFFC03D16EA0DFB2B405E" box="[1064,1212,1807,1832]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spatulatus">K. spatulatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and the Nearctic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEFFFC03CBAEA0CFE40403B" authority="Hamon et al., 1976" authorityName="Hamon et al." authorityYear="1976" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Allokermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kingii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03CBAEA0CFF40403B" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">A. kingii</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFEFFFC039D7EA28FE58403B" author="Hamon" box="[233,463,1844,1869]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" refString="Hamon, A. B., Lambdin, P. L. & Kosztarab, M. (1976) Life history and morphology of Kermes kingii in Virginia (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Kermesidae). Bulletin of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Research Division, 111, 1 - 31." type="journal article" year="1976">
|
||
Hamon
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03876EA29FEEB403B" box="[328,380,1844,1869]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 1976
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEFFFC03B28EA29FC38403A" authority="Miller & Miller, 1993" authorityName="Miller & Miller" authorityYear="1993" box="[534,943,1844,1869]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Eriokermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gillettei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03B28EA29FD19403B" box="[534,654,1844,1869]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">E. gillettei</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFEFFFC03B9EEA28FC30403A" author="Miller" box="[672,935,1844,1869]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" refString="Miller, D. R. & Miller, G. L. (1993) Description of a new genus of scale insect with a discussion of relationships among families related to the Kermesidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Systematic Entomology, 18 (3), 237 - 251. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.1993. tb 00664. x" type="journal article" year="1993">Miller & Miller, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Kermesid prepupae that have one or two quinquelocular pores anterior to each spiracle are
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03BF8EA45FB994006" box="[710,1038,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEFFFC03BF8EA45FCC34006" box="[710,852,1879,1904]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">K. echinatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEFFFC03A5EEA45FB994006" box="[864,1038,1879,1904]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">K. hermonensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEFFFC03D7AEA45FB6E4006" box="[1092,1273,1879,1904]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03D7AEA45FB6E4006" box="[1092,1273,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">N. balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFEFFFC039F9EA60FCE540AB" blockId="60.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC039F9EA60FE3A40E3" bold="true" box="[199,429,1916,1941]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Second-instar male</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFEFFFC03883EA60FD8540E2" box="[445,530,1916,1941]" captionStart="FIGURE 32" captionStartId="62.[151,250,1937,1959]" captionText="FIGURE 32. Kermes nahalali Bodenheimer, second-instar male." pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Fig. 32</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFEFFFC03B21EA60FDF840E2" box="[543,623,1916,1941]" captionStart="PLATE 4" captionStartId="63.[151,234,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[204,1384,199,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@63.[197,1390,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="PLATE 4. Kermes nahalali Bodenheimer, general appearance; a. second-instar female; b. third-instar female and male test; c. young adult female; d. post-reproductive female, dorsal view; e. post-reproductive female, lateral view; f. second-instar male; g. prepupa; h. pupa; i. adult male." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285777/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Plate 4</figureCitation>
|
||
, fig. f).
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEFFFC03BF2EA60FC2940E3" bold="true" box="[716,958,1916,1941]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">General appearance</emphasis>
|
||
. Secretes a white, flocculent (wooly) wax test,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFEFFFC039F0EABCFEC040CE" box="[206,343,1952,1977]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" unit="mm" value="1.7" valueMax="1.9" valueMin="1.5">1.5–1.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFEFFFC0389FEABCFDBD40CE" box="[417,554,1952,1977]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" unit="mm" value="0.75" valueMax="0.9" valueMin="0.6">0.6–0.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; body brown, broadly oval when removed from test, 1.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFEFFFC03C3AEABCFACD40CE" box="[1284,1370,1952,1977]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFEFFFC039A9EAD8FE8940AA" box="[151,286,1988,2012]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" unit="mm" value="0.6" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.4">0.4–0.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; derm membranous, with inter-segmental lines.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF7442C6FFEEFFC139A9E9E4FD564278" box="[151,705,1272,1294]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFEEFFC139A9E9E4FD564278" blockId="61.[151,705,1272,1294]" box="[151,705,1272,1294]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEEFFC139A9E9E4FE884278" bold="true" box="[151,287,1272,1294]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">FIGURE 31.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEEFFC1381BE9E5FDC94278" authority="Bodenheimer" authorityName="Bodenheimer" box="[293,606,1272,1294]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEEFFC1381BE9E5FE5A4278" box="[293,461,1272,1294]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Kermes nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
Bodenheimer
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, prepupa.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFEEFFC139F9E829FC454238" blockId="61.[151,1437,1333,2006]" box="[199,978,1333,1358]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEEFFC139F9E829FE274238" bold="true" box="[199,432,1333,1358]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Mounted specimen.</emphasis>
|
||
Body oval, 1.5–2.0 mm long, 0.6–1.0 mm wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFEEFFC139F9E845FAA742E0" blockId="61.[151,1437,1333,2006]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEEFFC139F9E845FE744204" bold="true" box="[199,483,1369,1394]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Margin. Marginal setae</emphasis>
|
||
robust and setose, more or less in complete double rows, marginal setae in a row of 23–30 on each side, each 25 µm long, and in a submarginal row of 20–25 on each side, each 15 µm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFEEFFC139F9E8BDFEE24150" blockId="61.[151,1437,1333,2006]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEEFFC139F9E8BDFDBE42CC" bold="true" box="[199,553,1441,1466]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Dorsum. Microtubular ducts,</emphasis>
|
||
with a circular opening about 2 Μm diameter, inner ductule about 1 Μm long and outer ductule 0.5 Μm long, numerous, scattered between tubular ducts over entire dorsum.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEEFFC13DEDE8D9FAEB42A8" bold="true" box="[1235,1404,1477,1502]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Tubular ducts</emphasis>
|
||
of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFEEFFC139A9E8F6FF584174" box="[151,207,1514,1538]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
2, with inner ductule 5–15 µm long, inner cup 5 µm wide and outer ductule 10–15 µm long, abundant throughout dorsum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFEEFFC239F9EB2DFC36454A" blockId="61.[151,1437,1333,2006]" lastBlockId="62.[151,1436,151,573]" lastPageId="62" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEEFFC139F9EB2DFECE413C" bold="true" box="[199,345,1585,1610]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Venter. Eyes</emphasis>
|
||
circular, each 25 µm diameter, lateral to each scape.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEEFFC13A98EB2DFB8E413C" bold="true" box="[934,1049,1585,1610]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Antennae</emphasis>
|
||
7 segmented, length 175–200 µm; segment III longest; scape and pedicel each with 2 setose setae; segment III with 1 setose seta; IV with 1 fleshy seta; V with 1 fleshy seta and 1 setose seta, VI with 1 fleshy seta and 1 setose seta, and apical segment with 4 fleshy setae and 3 setose setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEEFFC1388EEB81FDD941C0" bold="true" box="[432,590,1693,1718]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Frontal lobes</emphasis>
|
||
absent.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEEFFC13B93EB81FD7241C0" bold="true" box="[685,741,1693,1718]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
well-developed; measurements (in Μm) of metathoracic legs: coxa 40–60; trochanter + femur 125–150; tibia 70–80; tarsus 95–100 and claw 25–30; total length 300–350 Μm; trochanter with 2 oval sensory pores on each side; tarsal digitules 30–35 Μm long, knobbed apically; claw digitules knobbed apically, each 20–30 Μm long, extending beyond apex of claw; each claw with a single denticle.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEEFFC139A9EA31FE824030" bold="true" box="[151,277,1837,1862]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Tentorium</emphasis>
|
||
135–200 µm long, 100–125 µm wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEEFFC13BECEA31FCA64030" bold="true" box="[722,817,1837,1862]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Labium</emphasis>
|
||
3 segmented, triangular, 110–125 µm long, 60–85 µm wide; labial setae setose: basal segment with 2 pairs about 10 µm long, median segment with 1 pair 20–28 µm long, and apical segments with 4 pairs 15–22 µm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEEFFC13BF9EA69FCA340F8" bold="true" box="[711,820,1909,1934]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Spiracles</emphasis>
|
||
subequal in size, each peritreme 10–13 Μm wide, each sclerosis 25–30 µm long; each with 6–8 quinquelocular pores anterolaterally, each 5 µm diameter.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEEFFC13DCDEA85FA0B40C4" bold="true" box="[1267,1436,1945,1970]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Tubular ducts</emphasis>
|
||
of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFEEFFC1398BEAA2FF7B40A0" box="[181,236,1982,2006]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
2, with outer ductule 5–15 Μm long, a sclerotized cup about 5 Μm in diameter and inner ductule 10–15 Μm long, in a complete submarginal band 1 or 2 ducts wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEDFFC23A2CED8BFC5F47C6" bold="true" box="[786,968,151,176]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Bilocular pores</emphasis>
|
||
circular, each 2 µm diameter, with 10–12 pores on each side, in a single complete submarginal band.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEDFFC23A05EDA0FBD047A3" bold="true" box="[827,1095,188,213]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Quinquelocular pores,</emphasis>
|
||
each 5 µm wide; with 4 pairs between setae anterior to tentorium, and with a pair submedially on each abdominal segment.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEDFFC23DE2EDC3FAEC478E" bold="true" box="[1244,1403,223,248]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Ventral setae</emphasis>
|
||
of three
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFEDFFC239E8EC19FE82466B" box="[214,277,261,285]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">types</typeStatus>
|
||
: (i) robust setose, similar to marginal setae, with 3 pairs anterior to scapes, each about 30 µm long; (ii) setose setae: with 3 pairs of setae just anterior to tentorium, each about 40 µm long; 3 setae mesad to each coxa, each 25–50 µm long; and medially and submedially on abdominal segments II–VII, each about 45 µm long medially, and about 10 µm long submedially. Also with 2 pairs anterior to anal ring, each 20–25 µm long; (iii) tacklike setae, each 5 µm long, in a complete submarginal row of about 10–15 setae on each side.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEDFFC23DF6EC88FAF746DB" bold="true" box="[1224,1376,404,429]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Microspines,</emphasis>
|
||
each about 3 µm long, in groups of
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFEDFFC238D5ECABFDA546A6" box="[491,562,439,464]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" metricValueMax="1.27" metricValueMin="0.762" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="in" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">3–5 in</quantity>
|
||
9 or 10 transverse rows on each abdominal segment and on thorax.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEDFFC23C14ECABFA0B46A6" bold="true" box="[1322,1436,439,464]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Anal ring</emphasis>
|
||
ventral, diameter 35–40 µm, composed of 2 semi-circles, each half with 3 spinose setae, 43–50 µm long, and 18–20 pores.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEDFFC239DFECE3FECA456E" bold="true" box="[225,349,511,536]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Anal lobes</emphasis>
|
||
developed; each inner margin with a spinose seta, 15–20 µm long at base, and another 13–15 µm long on apex; also a long flagellate setae, 100–200 µm long, on apex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF7442C6FFEDFFC239A9EA8DFCB940D1" box="[151,814,1937,1959]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFEDFFC239A9EA8DFCB940D1" blockId="62.[151,814,1937,1959]" box="[151,814,1937,1959]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEDFFC239A9EA8DFE8840D1" bold="true" box="[151,287,1937,1959]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">FIGURE 32.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFEDFFC2381BEA8EFDC940D1" authority="Bodenheimer" authorityName="Bodenheimer" box="[293,606,1937,1959]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFEDFFC2381BEA8EFE5A40D1" box="[293,461,1937,1959]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Kermes nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
Bodenheimer
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, second-instar male.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF7442C6FFECFFC339A9EABDFE7A4082" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285777/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" targetBox="[204,1384,199,1929]" targetPageId="63">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFECFFC339A9EABDFE7A4082" blockId="63.[151,1436,1953,2036]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFECFFC339A9EABDFE9440C1" bold="true" box="[151,259,1953,1975]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">PLATE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFECFFC33834EABEFDD440C1" authority="Bodenheimer" authorityName="Bodenheimer" box="[266,579,1953,1975]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFECFFC33834EABEFE2540C1" box="[266,434,1953,1975]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Kermes nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
Bodenheimer
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, general appearance;
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFECFFC33A20EABDFCA640C1" bold="true" box="[798,817,1953,1975]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">a.</emphasis>
|
||
second-instar female;
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFECFFC33D26EABDFBBB40C1" bold="true" box="[1048,1068,1953,1975]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">b.</emphasis>
|
||
third-instar female and male test;
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFECFFC33CB4EABDFA0B40C1" bold="true" box="[1418,1436,1953,1975]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">c.</emphasis>
|
||
young adult female;
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFECFFC33854EADCFEE940A0" bold="true" box="[362,382,1984,2006]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">d.</emphasis>
|
||
post-reproductive female, dorsal view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFECFFC33A2BEADCFCB040A0" bold="true" box="[789,807,1984,2006]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">e.</emphasis>
|
||
post-reproductive female, lateral view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFECFFC33DFEEADCFB5840A0" bold="true" box="[1216,1231,1984,2006]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">f.</emphasis>
|
||
second-instar male;
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFECFFC339A9EAC2FF3D4082" bold="true" box="[151,170,2014,2036]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">g.</emphasis>
|
||
prepupa;
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFECFFC33831EAC2FEB44082" bold="true" box="[271,291,2014,2036]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">h.</emphasis>
|
||
pupa;
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFECFFC33856EAC2FEE14082" bold="true" box="[360,374,2014,2036]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">i.</emphasis>
|
||
adult male.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF93FFBC39F9ED8BFE004601" blockId="64.[151,1436,151,743]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF93FFBC39F9ED8BFED847C6" bold="true" box="[199,335,151,176]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
The second-instar male nymph of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF93FFBC3BC4ED85FC1747C6" box="[762,896,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bytinskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF93FFBC3BC4ED85FC1747C6" box="[762,896,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">K. bytinskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was first described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFF93FFBC3D9FED8BFAFF47C6" author="Sternlicht" box="[1185,1384,151,176]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" refString="Sternlicht, M. (1969) Kermes bytinskii n. spec. (Coccoidea: Kermesidae) in Israel and observations of life history. Israel Journal of Entomology, 4, 251 - 270." type="journal article" year="1969">Sternlicht (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. No material was available and therefore the present redescription is based on fresh specimens and includes several new features, such as the presence of: (i) antennae seven-segmented; (ii) one
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFF93FFBC3AFAEDC7FC634785" box="[964,1012,219,243]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of tubular duct on dorsum and venter (not two
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFF93FFBC39C0EDE1FEAE4663" box="[254,313,253,277]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">types</typeStatus>
|
||
of ducts as suggested by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFF93FFBC3B63EDE0FC834663" author="Sternlicht" box="[605,788,252,277]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" refString="Sternlicht, M. (1969) Kermes bytinskii n. spec. (Coccoidea: Kermesidae) in Israel and observations of life history. Israel Journal of Entomology, 4, 251 - 270." type="journal article" year="1969">Sternlicht, 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); (iii) simple dorsal pores; (iv) a pair of sensory pores on trochanter; (v) a denticle on the claw; (vi) microspines ventrally on abdominal segments; (vii) bilocular pores interspersed ventrally among the submarginal band of tubular ducts; and (viii) four pairs of quinquelocular pores at the base of each scape.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFF93FFBC39F9EC9DFF644591" blockId="64.[151,1436,151,743]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
Of the species described in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFF93FFBC3B30EC9DFDD846EC" box="[526,591,385,410]" name="Israel" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
||
, the second-instar male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF93FFBC3AB0EC9EFB8746EC" box="[910,1040,385,410]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF93FFBC3AB0EC9EFB8746EC" box="[910,1040,385,410]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
most closely resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF93FFBC3C0FEC9EFA0C46EF" box="[1329,1435,386,409]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF93FFBC3C0FEC9EFA0C46EF" box="[1329,1435,386,409]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
because of the presence of anal lobes and pointed marginal setae. The other
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFF93FFBC3D1FECBEFBF046CD" box="[1057,1127,418,443]" name="Israel" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Israeli</collectingCountry>
|
||
species (
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF93FFBC3DE6ECB8FE5F46AB" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF93FFBC3DE6ECB8FAE446CD" box="[1240,1395,418,443]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spatulatus">K. spatulatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF93FFBC3CBCECB8FEB046AB" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">K. hermonensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF93FFBC3809ECD9FE5F46AB" box="[311,456,452,477]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">K. echinatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF93FFBC3B39ECD9FD5746AB" box="[519,704,452,477]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF93FFBC3B39ECD9FD5746AB" box="[519,704,452,477]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">N. balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) lack obvious anal lobes. Of the other Palaearctic species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF93FFBC3CBCECD9FE474688" authority="Sternlicht, 1970" authorityName="Sternlicht" authorityYear="1970" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="williamsi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF93FFBC3CBCECD9FF694688" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">K. williamsi</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFF93FFBC3830ECF9FE5F4688" author="Sternlicht" box="[270,456,485,510]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" refString="Sternlicht, M. (1970) A new species of Kermes Boitard (Coccoidea, Kermesidae) from England on oak. Entomologist's Gazette, 23, 259 - 266." type="journal article" year="1970">Sternlicht, 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF93FFBC38E0ECFAFCBC4688" authority="Podsiadlo, 2012" authorityName="Podsiadlo" authorityYear="2012" box="[478,811,485,510]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF93FFBC38E0ECFAFDCE468B" box="[478,601,486,509]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">K. quercus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFF93FFBC3B57ECF9FCB44688" author="Podsiadlo" box="[617,803,485,510]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" refString="Podsiadlo, E. (2012) Morphology of second instar nymphs of Kermes quercus (Linnaeus) (Hemiptera: Kermesidae). Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne, 81, 35 - 42. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2478 / v 10200 - 011 - 0061 - 9" type="journal article" year="2012">Podsiadlo, 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF93FFBC3A5BECFAFB604688" authority="Pellizzari et al., 2012" authorityName="Pellizzari et al." authorityYear="2012" box="[869,1271,485,510]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF93FFBC3A5BECFAFC724688" box="[869,997,485,510]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">K. vermilio</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFF93FFBC3AC8ECF9FB784688" author="Pellizzari" box="[1014,1263,485,510]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" refString="Pellizzari, G., Porcelli, F., Convertini, S. & Marotta, S. (2012) Description of nymphal instars and adult female of Kermes vermilio Planchon (Hemiptera, Coccoidea, Kermesidae), with a synopsis of the European and Mediterranean species. Zootaxa, 3336, 36 - 50." type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Pellizzari
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF93FFBC3D55ECFAFB094688" box="[1131,1182,485,510]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also lack anal lobes. Of the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFF93FFBC3810EF1AFEE34569" box="[302,372,518,543]" name="Israel" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Israeli</collectingCountry>
|
||
species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF93FFBC38E4EF1BFD034569" box="[474,660,518,543]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF93FFBC38E4EF1BFD034569" box="[474,660,518,543]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Kermes nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished from all bar
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF93FFBC3D2DEF1BFB5F4569" box="[1043,1224,518,543]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF93FFBC3D2DEF1BFB5F4569" box="[1043,1224,518,543]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">N. balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the presence of quinquelocular pores in two longitudinal rows on venter of abdominal segments, but
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF93FFBC3D6CEF35FB474536" box="[1106,1232,551,576]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF93FFBC3D6CEF35FB474536" box="[1106,1232,551,576]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has eight loculate pores associated with each anterior spiracle and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF93FFBC3B8EEF56FCF34514" box="[688,868,585,610]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF93FFBC3B8EEF56FCF34514" box="[688,868,585,610]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">N. balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has three. In addition,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF93FFBC3D5DEF56FB774514" box="[1123,1248,585,610]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF93FFBC3D5DEF56FB774514" box="[1123,1248,585,610]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has four pairs of quinquelocular pores anterior to the tentorium, whilst these are absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF93FFBC3D30EF70FB5E45F5" box="[1038,1225,618,643]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF93FFBC3D30EF70FB5E45F5" box="[1038,1225,618,643]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">N. balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The Nearctic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF93FFBC3CBCEF70FE9345D3" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cockerelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF93FFBC3CBCEF70FE9345D3" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">K. cockerelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF93FFBC382CEF91FE2D45D3" box="[274,442,652,677]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="concinnulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF93FFBC382CEF91FE2D45D3" box="[274,442,652,677]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">K. concinnulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF93FFBC38CFEF91FDE345D2" box="[497,628,653,676]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rimarum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF93FFBC38CFEF91FDE345D2" box="[497,628,653,676]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">K. rimarum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have long, setose marginal setae, and quinquelocular pores scattered on both the dorsum and venter (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFF93FFBC38D4EFB2FC9D45B0" author="Baer" box="[490,778,685,710]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" refString="Baer, R. G. & Kosztarab, M. (1985) Studies on the morphology and systematics of scale insects-No. 12. II. A morphological and systematic study of the first and second instars of the family Kermesidae in the Nearctic region (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Bulletin of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and University Research Division, 85, 119 - 261." type="journal article" year="1985">Baer & Kosztarab, 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFF93FFBC3AB6EFB2FB9D45B0" box="[904,1034,685,710]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFF93FFBC3AB6EFB2FB9D45B0" box="[904,1034,685,710]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lacks quinquelocular pores on the dorsum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |