256 lines
35 KiB
XML
256 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document id="8591ECD1CAC57E411EEDCE86E7E1D0EB" ID-CLB-Dataset="247257" ID-DOI="10.5252/cryptogamie-algologie2023v44a1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b0d594d3-64f7-40c9-8fff-ad3e5fca47b7" ID-ISSN="1776-0992" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7829562" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="tatiana" checkinTime="1681244025246" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Mussai, Prakash, Larsen, Jacob & Jeewon, Rajesh" docDate="2023" docId="03E85A2C04772E15FCCEF9813E4FBF15" docLanguage="en" docName="CryptogamieAlgologie.44.1.1-11.pdf" docOrigin="Cryptogamie, Algologie 20 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:C31C23F805CBAD2BB1C6021F66949308.6:CryptogamieAlgologie.2019-.journal_article" docStyleId="C31C23F805CBAD2BB1C6021F66949308" docStyleName="CryptogamieAlgologie.2019-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Gambierdiscus caribaeus Vandersea, Litaker, M.A.Faust, Kibler, W.C.Holland & P.A.Tester" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="7" masterDocId="FFD1225404712E1CFFE3FFF23C7EBC25" masterDocTitle="Molecular characterization and morpho-taxonomy of Gambierdiscus caribaeus Vandersea, Litaker, M. A. Faust, Kibler, W. C. Holland & P. A. Tester (Dinophyceae) from Mauritius Island, South-West Indian Ocean" masterLastPageNumber="11" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="5" updateTime="1699513962065" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="0705A7260EA39A75C8D4FC4B3B298FAB">Molecular characterization and morpho-taxonomy of Gambierdiscus caribaeus Vandersea, Litaker, M. A. Faust, Kibler, W. C. Holland & P. A. Tester (Dinophyceae) from Mauritius Island, South-West Indian Ocean</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="01D4314F9878CB7E6664E63CBCC403FE" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="EC10CD3A7580375D28D27ECCA97F6E14">Mussai, Prakash</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5979994F95D38FA3CE7514970BDB03DA">Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Mauritius, Reduit (Mauritius) prakashmussai @ gmail. com (corresponding author)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="9CFD83BBB0AD4F6498FD439E408470B1">Larsen, Jacob</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3F4F7685BA72532BBF3B907EF88752CA">IOC Science and Communication Centre on Harmful Algae, Biological Institute, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 4, DK- 2100 Copenhagen Ø. (Denmark)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="88366A40044CAE960ED3897309FF90ED">Jeewon, Rajesh</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="31B456AE045B4DB3DA67D00BA64A7853">Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Mauritius, Reduit (Mauritius) r. jeewon @ uom. ac. mu (corresponding author)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="05ACF9046E318D7C6EE3477CC62BB5BE">Cryptogamie, Algologie</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="41D23B6D54BADC45D040CDFDAC9849D2">
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<mods:date id="C161EF0E2F10E16305C12A5461C6B151">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="B1B012A3FF63C9CE7CB60CDC019321A7">2023-01-30</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03E85A2C04772E15FCCEF9813E4FBF15" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7829564" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209561557" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7829564" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E85A2C04772E15FCCEF9813E4FBF15" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E85A2C04772E15FCCEF9813E4FBF15" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">
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<subSubSection id="C35BB8B104772E1AFCCEF9813819BA8E" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BFEEB3A04772E1AFCCEF9813819BA8E" blockId="6.[811,1457,1651,2027]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">
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MORPHOLOGY OF MAURITIAN STRAIN OF
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<taxonomicName id="4C4190B904772E1AFCB3F9613819BA8E" authorityName="Vandersea, Litaker, M.A.Faust, Kibler, W.C.Holland & P.A.Tester" box="[848,1127,1683,1709]" class="Dinophyceae" family="Ostreopsidaceae" genus="Gambierdiscus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Gonyaulacales" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" phylum="Myzozoa" rank="species" species="caribaeus">
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<emphasis id="B935372804772E1AFCB3F9613819BA8E" box="[848,1127,1683,1709]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">
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<emphasis id="B935372804772E1AFCB3F9613F8BBA8E" box="[848,1013,1683,1709]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">GAMBIERDISCUS</emphasis>
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CARIBAEUS
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35BB8B104772E15FCCEF9403E4FBF15" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BFEEB3A04772E1AFCCEF94039DDBB49" blockId="6.[811,1457,1651,2027]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">
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The
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<taxonomicName id="4C4190B904772E1AFCBFF9403F8CBAE9" authorityName="Adachi & Fukuyo. So" authorityYear="1979" box="[860,1010,1714,1740]" class="Dinophyceae" family="Ostreopsidaceae" genus="Gambierdiscus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Gonyaulacales" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" phylum="Myzozoa" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B935372804772E1AFCBFF9403F8CBAE9" box="[860,1010,1714,1740]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Gambierdiscus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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cell (strain ISOG4) isolated from
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<collectingCountry id="F356ABAA04772E1AFA80F9403FE5BAC9" name="Mauritius Island" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Mauritius Island</collectingCountry>
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was observed using LM and SEM. The Mauritian strain was initially identified as
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<taxonomicName id="4C4190B904772E1AFB90F9003913BB29" authorityName="Vandersea, Litaker, M.A.Faust, Kibler, W.C.Holland & P.A.Tester" box="[1139,1389,1778,1804]" class="Dinophyceae" family="Ostreopsidaceae" genus="Gambierdiscus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Gonyaulacales" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" phylum="Myzozoa" rank="species" species="caribaeus">
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<emphasis id="B935372804772E1AFB90F9003913BB29" box="[1139,1389,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Gambierdiscus caribaeus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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based on the observed morphological characteristics. Morphological details of the tested strain and those of other strains of
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<taxonomicName id="4C4190B904772E1AFCCDF8A03FCEBB4E" authorityName="Vandersea, Litaker, M.A.Faust, Kibler, W.C.Holland & P.A.Tester" box="[814,944,1873,1900]" class="Dinophyceae" family="Ostreopsidaceae" genus="Gambierdiscus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Gonyaulacales" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" phylum="Myzozoa" rank="species" species="caribaeus">
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<emphasis id="B935372804772E1AFCCDF8A03FCEBB4E" box="[814,944,1873,1900]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">G. caribaeus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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reported by others are summarised in
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<tableCitation id="C6C3DE8104772E1AFAAFF8A339E2BB49" box="[1356,1436,1873,1900]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="5.[132,143,219,237]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 1. — Comparisons based on scanning microscopy (SEM) analyses of cell and thecal plate dimensions (mean in parenthesis) between strains of Gambierdiscus caribaeus Vandersea, Litaker, M.A.Faust, Kibler, W.C.Holland & P.A.Tester." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF3EBBB204742E19FF67FF293F5ABD21" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" tableUuid="DF3EBBB204742E19FF67FF293F5ABD21">Table 1</tableCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFEEB3A04772E1BFCA0F8833EEBBA68" blockId="6.[811,1457,1651,2027]" lastBlockId="7.[130,777,1459,2028]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">
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The Mauritian strain was photosynthetic with golden granular chloroplasts, round to slightly ellipsoid in apical view, compressed in dorsal-ventral view and lenticular in the lateral view (
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<figureCitation id="137AF7BF04772E1AFC50F8233F8CBBCE" box="[947,1010,2001,2027]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[132,143,1462,1480]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1417]" captionTargetId="figure-270@6.[698,1267,769,1326]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 2. — Light and scanning electron micrographs of Gambierdiscus caribaeus Vandersea, Litaker, M.A.Faust, Kibler, W.C.Holland & P.A.Tester (ISOG4): A, light micrograph of Gambierdiscus caribaeus Mauritian strain; B, scanning electron micrograph of apical view; C, scanning electron micrograph of antapical view; D, scanning electron micrograph of inside top view of thecal plate pores. Scale bars: A, 50 µm; B, C, 10 µm; D, 100 nm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7829568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7829568/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Figs 2</figureCitation>
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A-C; 3C). The length, depth and width of SEM treated cells were 43.64-64.57 µm, 45.18-75.45 µm and 51.43-86.36 µm. The ratios of length to width and depth to width were 0.57-1.20 and 0.72-1.18, respectively (
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<tableCitation id="C6C3DE8104762E1BFD44FA013E89BA28" box="[679,759,1523,1549]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="5.[132,143,219,237]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 1. — Comparisons based on scanning microscopy (SEM) analyses of cell and thecal plate dimensions (mean in parenthesis) between strains of Gambierdiscus caribaeus Vandersea, Litaker, M.A.Faust, Kibler, W.C.Holland & P.A.Tester." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF3EBBB204742E19FF67FF293F5ABD21" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" tableUuid="DF3EBBB204742E19FF67FF293F5ABD21">Table 1</tableCitation>
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). The epitheca and hypotheca surface were smooth and covered with many more or less round pores (
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<figureCitation id="137AF7BF04762E1BFDFAF9C03E29BA68" box="[537,599,1586,1613]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[132,143,1462,1480]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1417]" captionTargetId="figure-270@6.[698,1267,769,1326]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 2. — Light and scanning electron micrographs of Gambierdiscus caribaeus Vandersea, Litaker, M.A.Faust, Kibler, W.C.Holland & P.A.Tester (ISOG4): A, light micrograph of Gambierdiscus caribaeus Mauritian strain; B, scanning electron micrograph of apical view; C, scanning electron micrograph of antapical view; D, scanning electron micrograph of inside top view of thecal plate pores. Scale bars: A, 50 µm; B, C, 10 µm; D, 100 nm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7829568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7829568/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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B-C).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF3EBBB204762E1BFF67FAD53D85B95B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7829572" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7829572" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7829572/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" startId="7.[132,143,1319,1337]" targetBox="[132,1455,215,1275]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="8BFEEB3A04762E1BFF67FAD53D85B95B" blockId="7.[131,1455,1319,1406]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
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FIG. 3. — Scanning electron micrographs of
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<taxonomicName id="4C4190B904762E1BFE08FAD53864B91C" authority="Vandersea, Litaker, M. A. Faust, Kibler, W. C." authorityName="Vandersea, Litaker, M. A. Faust, Kibler, W. C." box="[491,1050,1319,1337]" class="Dinophyceae" family="Ostreopsidaceae" genus="Gambierdiscus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Gonyaulacales" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Myzozoa" rank="species" species="caribaeus">
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<emphasis id="B935372804762E1BFE08FAD53EC5B91C" box="[491,699,1319,1337]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Gambierdiscus caribaeus</emphasis>
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Vandersea,Litaker,M.A.Faust, Kibler,W.C.
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</taxonomicName>
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Holland & P.A.Tester (ISOG4):
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<emphasis id="B935372804762E1BFAEDFAD53965B91C" bold="true" box="[1294,1307,1319,1337]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">A</emphasis>
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, elliptical Po plate with pores and a large fishhook-shaped opening;
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<emphasis id="B935372804762E1BFDC1FACC3E51B975" bold="true" box="[546,559,1342,1360]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">B</emphasis>
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, inside top view of broken cell showing the elliptical Po plate with pores and a large fishhook shaped open- ing;
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<emphasis id="B935372804762E1BFF4BFAA73CC8B942" bold="true" box="[168,182,1365,1383]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">C</emphasis>
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, ventral view showing the gradually ascend and then sharp descend of the right part of the cingulum near the sulcus;
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<emphasis id="B935372804762E1BFB73FAA738E0B942" bold="true" box="[1168,1182,1365,1383]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">D</emphasis>
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, thecal pores on the smooth cell surface. Scale bars: A, B, 1 µm; C, D, 10 µm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BFEEB3A04762E1BFF78F9A03DDDBB8E" blockId="7.[130,777,1459,2028]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
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The Po plate touched three apical plates: 2’, 3’ and 4’ (
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<figureCitation id="137AF7BF04762E1BFF6EF9803CA3BAA8" box="[141,221,1650,1677]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[132,143,1462,1480]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1417]" captionTargetId="figure-270@6.[698,1267,769,1326]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 2. — Light and scanning electron micrographs of Gambierdiscus caribaeus Vandersea, Litaker, M.A.Faust, Kibler, W.C.Holland & P.A.Tester (ISOG4): A, light micrograph of Gambierdiscus caribaeus Mauritian strain; B, scanning electron micrograph of apical view; C, scanning electron micrograph of antapical view; D, scanning electron micrograph of inside top view of thecal plate pores. Scale bars: A, 50 µm; B, C, 10 µm; D, 100 nm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7829568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7829568/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
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). The rectangular 2’ plate was the largest apical plate. The number of pores in 4’ plate varied from 72 to105 pores. The 4’’ plate was quadrangular and the 5’’ was pentagonal. The apical pore plate was elliptical, and the apical pore was fishhook-shaped (
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<figureCitation id="137AF7BF04762E1BFEA1F9003DD1BB29" box="[322,431,1778,1804]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[132,143,1319,1337]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1275]" captionTargetId="figure-358@7.[698,1267,744,1276]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIG. 3. — Scanning electron micrographs of Gambierdiscus caribaeus Vandersea,Litaker,M.A.Faust, Kibler,W.C.Holland & P.A.Tester (ISOG4):A, elliptical Po plate with pores and a large fishhook-shaped opening; B, inside top view of broken cell showing the elliptical Po plate with pores and a large fishhook shaped open- ing; C, ventral view showing the gradually ascend and then sharp descend of the right part of the cingulum near the sulcus; D, thecal pores on the smooth cell surface. Scale bars: A, B, 1 µm; C, D, 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7829572" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7829572/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Fig. 3A, B</figureCitation>
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). Close to the cingulum edge the observed precingular plates were smooth (
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<figureCitation id="137AF7BF04762E1BFDA1F8E03EEBBB09" box="[578,661,1810,1836]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[132,143,1319,1337]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1275]" captionTargetId="figure-358@7.[698,1267,744,1276]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIG. 3. — Scanning electron micrographs of Gambierdiscus caribaeus Vandersea,Litaker,M.A.Faust, Kibler,W.C.Holland & P.A.Tester (ISOG4):A, elliptical Po plate with pores and a large fishhook-shaped opening; B, inside top view of broken cell showing the elliptical Po plate with pores and a large fishhook shaped open- ing; C, ventral view showing the gradually ascend and then sharp descend of the right part of the cingulum near the sulcus; D, thecal pores on the smooth cell surface. Scale bars: A, B, 1 µm; C, D, 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7829572" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7829572/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
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). The level of the right side and left side of the cingulum was nearly the same. Nevertheless, in the direction of the sulcus, the right part of the cingulum gradually ascended and then sharply descended near the sulcus.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFEEB3A04762E1BFF78F8433809BA49" blockId="7.[130,777,1459,2028]" lastBlockId="7.[811,1457,1459,1644]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
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The hypotheca consisted of eight plates: S.p., 5’’’ and 2’’’’. The quadrangular 2’’’ and 4’’’ plates were the largest of the postcingular plates. Also, the 1’’’, 3’’’ and 5’’’ plates were quadrangular. The 2’’’’ was broad, pentagonal, 37.4-48.81 µm long and 31.85-41.73 µm wide. The ratio of 2’’’’ plate length to width was 1.05-1.21 (
|
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<tableCitation id="C6C3DE8104762E1BFBD5F9E038FABA08" box="[1078,1156,1554,1581]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="5.[132,143,219,237]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 1. — Comparisons based on scanning microscopy (SEM) analyses of cell and thecal plate dimensions (mean in parenthesis) between strains of Gambierdiscus caribaeus Vandersea, Litaker, M.A.Faust, Kibler, W.C.Holland & P.A.Tester." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF3EBBB204742E19FF67FF293F5ABD21" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" tableUuid="DF3EBBB204742E19FF67FF293F5ABD21">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). The 2’’’’ plate contacts the postcingular plates 1’’’, 2’’’, 3’’’ and 4’’’ and the quadrangular hypothecal plates S.p. and 1’’’’.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFEEB3A04762E1BFCCEF9613819BAEE" blockId="7.[811,1457,1683,2028]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<heading id="D0B65C5604762E1BFCCEF9613819BAEE" allCaps="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" reason="2">
|
||
PHYLOGENETICS OF MAURITIAN STRAIN OF
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4190B904762E1BFCB3F9403819BAEE" authorityName="Vandersea, Litaker, M.A.Faust, Kibler, W.C.Holland & P.A.Tester" box="[848,1127,1714,1740]" class="Dinophyceae" family="Ostreopsidaceae" genus="Gambierdiscus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Gonyaulacales" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Myzozoa" rank="species" species="caribaeus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B935372804762E1BFCB3F9403819BAEE" box="[848,1127,1714,1740]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B935372804762E1BFCB3F9403F8BBAEE" box="[848,1013,1714,1740]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">GAMBIERDISCUS</emphasis>
|
||
CARIBAEUS
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFEEB3A04762E14FCCEF9203D4ABB8E" blockId="7.[811,1457,1683,2028]" lastBlockId="8.[131,777,1746,2028]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
|
||
The final LSU data matrix (841 bp in length) consisted of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4190B904762E1BFCB6F9003F95BB29" authorityName="Adachi & Fukuyo. So" authorityYear="1979" box="[853,1003,1778,1804]" class="Dinophyceae" family="Ostreopsidaceae" genus="Gambierdiscus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Gonyaulacales" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Myzozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B935372804762E1BFCB6F9003F95BB29" box="[853,1003,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Gambierdiscus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
strain isolated during this study, 47
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4190B904762E1BFA91F9003FEEBB09" authorityName="Adachi & Fukuyo. So" authorityYear="1979" class="Dinophyceae" family="Ostreopsidaceae" genus="Gambierdiscus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Gonyaulacales" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Myzozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B935372804762E1BFA91F9003FEEBB09" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Gambierdiscus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
strains and seven
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4190B904762E1BFBB4F8E038D1BB09" box="[1111,1199,1810,1836]" class="Dinophyceae" family="Ostreopsidaceae" genus="Fukuyoa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Gonyaulacales" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Myzozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B935372804762E1BFBB4F8E038D1BB09" box="[1111,1199,1810,1836]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Fukuyoa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
strains. When properly aligned the DNA sequences of the Mauritian strain was similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4190B904762E1BFC43F8A03820BB49" authority="LSU" authorityName="LSU" box="[928,1118,1873,1900]" class="Dinophyceae" family="Ostreopsidaceae" genus="Gambierdiscus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Gonyaulacales" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Myzozoa" rank="species" species="caribaeus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B935372804762E1BFC43F8A0385BBB4E" box="[928,1061,1873,1900]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">G. caribaeus</emphasis>
|
||
LSU
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
identifiers, namely EF202934 (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F356ABAA04762E1BFCD0F8833F0ABBAE" box="[819,884,1905,1931]" name="Belize" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Belize</collectingCountry>
|
||
strain),EF202929 (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F356ABAA04762E1BFBA4F88338F6BBAE" box="[1095,1160,1905,1931]" name="Belize" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Belize</collectingCountry>
|
||
strain), KY448444 (Canary Islands strain), MN999499 (Bahía Concha strain),KY448432 (Canary Islands strain), KY448442 (Canary Islands strain), KR230005 (Hainan Island strain),KR230004 (Hainan Island strain), EF202932 (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F356ABAA04792E14FEB4F9203E6ABAC9" box="[343,532,1746,1772]" name="Palau" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Republic of Palau</collectingCountry>
|
||
strain) and EF202930 (Mataiva, Tahiti strain), differing by 2 to 11 bp (similarities from 99.2 to 99.7%). However, wider nucleotide differences from 40 to 56 bases, were observed relative to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4190B904792E14FD6CF8C03F78BB6E" box="[655,774,1842,1868]" class="Dinophyceae" family="Ostreopsidaceae" genus="Gambierdiscus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Gonyaulacales" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Myzozoa" rank="species" species="jejuensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B935372804792E14FD6CF8C03F78BB6E" box="[655,774,1842,1868]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">G. jejuensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
represented with Korean strain (HE775087) together with
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F356ABAA04792E14FF65F8803CBDBBA9" box="[134,195,1906,1932]" name="Japan" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
strains AB605010 and AB604973 (similarities from 89.7 to 92.2%).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF3EBBB204792E14FF67F9B43F37BAA0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7829575" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7829575" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7829575/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" startId="8.[132,143,1606,1624]" targetBox="[403,1184,214,1554]" targetPageId="8" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFEEB3A04792E14FF67F9B43F37BAA0" blockId="8.[132,1455,1606,1669]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||
FIG. 4. — Phylogenetic analysis of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4190B904792E14FE26F9B4387FBA7D" authority="Vandersea, Litaker, M. A. Faust, Kibler, W. C." authorityName="Vandersea, Litaker, M. A. Faust, Kibler, W. C." box="[453,1025,1606,1624]" class="Dinophyceae" family="Ostreopsidaceae" genus="Gambierdiscus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Gonyaulacales" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Myzozoa" rank="species" species="caribaeus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B935372804792E14FE26F9B43EE9BA7D" box="[453,663,1606,1624]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Gambierdiscus caribaeus</emphasis>
|
||
Vandersea, Litaker, M.A.Faust, Kibler, W.C.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Holland & P.A.Tester (ISOG4), showing alignment of D1-D2 LSU rDNA sequences using Bayesian inference and Maximum likelihood analyses. Values at nodes represent Bayesian posterior probability support and Bootstrap support.
|
||
<emphasis id="B935372804792E14FEC4F9813D51BAA0" bold="true" box="[295,303,1651,1669]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">-</emphasis>
|
||
represents unsupported value. Scale bar is substitution per site.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFEEB3A04792E15FF78F8433E4FBF15" blockId="8.[131,777,1746,2028]" lastBlockId="9.[130,775,566,816]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Bayesian inference (BI) and Maximum likelihood (ML) based on LSU sequences generated similar trees. DNA based phylogeny in
|
||
<figureCitation id="137AF7BF04792E14FC59F920386FBAC9" box="[954,1041,1746,1772]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1606,1624]" captionTargetBox="[403,1184,214,1554]" captionTargetId="graphics-167@8.[403,971,214,1522]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 4. — Phylogenetic analysis of the Gambierdiscus caribaeus Vandersea, Litaker, M.A.Faust, Kibler, W.C.Holland & P.A.Tester (ISOG4), showing alignment of D1-D2 LSU rDNA sequences using Bayesian inference and Maximum likelihood analyses. Values at nodes represent Bayesian posterior probability support and Bootstrap support. - represents unsupported value. Scale bar is substitution per site." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7829575" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7829575/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
||
shows that the Mauritian isolate is part of a clade containing
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4190B904792E14FBF3F90038ECBB29" box="[1040,1170,1778,1804]" class="Dinophyceae" family="Ostreopsidaceae" genus="Gambierdiscus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Gonyaulacales" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Myzozoa" rank="species" species="caribaeus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B935372804792E14FBF3F90038ECBB29" box="[1040,1170,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">G. caribaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
strains. The
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4190B904792E14FAFBF9003FF3BB09" class="Dinophyceae" family="Ostreopsidaceae" genus="Gambierdiscus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Gonyaulacales" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Myzozoa" rank="species" species="caribaeus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B935372804792E14FAFBF9003FF3BB09" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Gambierdiscus caribaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
clade was closely related to the clade consisting of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4190B904792E14FCCEF8C03FDCBB6E" box="[813,930,1842,1868]" class="Dinophyceae" family="Ostreopsidaceae" genus="Gambierdiscus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Gonyaulacales" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Myzozoa" rank="species" species="jejuensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B935372804792E14FCCEF8C03FDCBB6E" box="[813,930,1842,1868]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">G. jejuensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(strains HE775087, AB605010 and AB604973) and to the clade
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4190B904792E14FC0DF8A03F18BBAE" authority="Kibler, Litaker, M. A. Faust, W. C." authorityName="Kibler, Litaker, M. A. Faust, W. C." class="Dinophyceae" family="Ostreopsidaceae" genus="Gambierdiscus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Gonyaulacales" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Myzozoa" rank="species" species="carpenteri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B935372804792E14FC0DF8A03805BB4E" box="[1006,1147,1874,1900]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">G. carpenteri</emphasis>
|
||
Kibler, Litaker, M.A.Faust, W.C.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F356ABAA04792E14FC85F8833FB6BBAE" box="[870,968,1905,1931]" name="Netherlands" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Holland</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Vandersea & P.A.Tester (strains EF202938 and EF202939).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4190B904792E14FC0DF863388DBB8E" box="[1006,1267,1937,1963]" class="Dinophyceae" family="Ostreopsidaceae" genus="Gambierdiscus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Gonyaulacales" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Myzozoa" rank="species" species="caribaeus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B935372804792E14FC0DF863388DBB8E" box="[1006,1267,1937,1963]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Gambierdiscus caribaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4190B904792E14FAE0F8603903BB8E" box="[1283,1405,1938,1964]" class="Dinophyceae" family="Ostreopsidaceae" genus="Gambierdiscus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Gonyaulacales" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Myzozoa" rank="species" species="jejuensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B935372804792E14FAE0F8603903BB8E" box="[1283,1405,1938,1964]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">G. jejuensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4190B904792E14FCCCF8403FCABBEE" box="[815,948,1970,1996]" class="Dinophyceae" family="Ostreopsidaceae" genus="Gambierdiscus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Gonyaulacales" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Myzozoa" rank="species" species="carpenteri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B935372804792E14FCCCF8403FCABBEE" box="[815,948,1970,1996]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">G. carpenteri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
grouped together with maximal support (Bayesian posterior probabilities: 1.00; ML bootstrap support values: 100), and they were a sister to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4190B904782E15FDC3FDC43F79BE75" authority="S. Fraga" authorityName="S. Fraga" box="[544,775,566,592]" class="Dinophyceae" family="Ostreopsidaceae" genus="Gambierdiscus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Gonyaulacales" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Myzozoa" rank="species" species="excentricus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B935372804782E15FDC3FDC43ECEBE75" box="[544,688,566,592]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">G. excentricus</emphasis>
|
||
S.Fraga
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(strains JF303063 and JF303065).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4190B904782E15FDEBFDA43F79BE55" box="[520,775,598,624]" class="Dinophyceae" family="Ostreopsidaceae" genus="Gambierdiscus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Gonyaulacales" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Myzozoa" rank="species" species="caribaeus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B935372804782E15FDEBFDA43F79BE55" box="[520,775,598,624]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Gambierdiscus caribaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(11 seqs.) showed a rate of intraspecific evolutionary divergence at 0.01 while for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4190B904782E15FE9AFD643D90BE8A" box="[377,494,662,688]" class="Dinophyceae" family="Ostreopsidaceae" genus="Gambierdiscus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Gonyaulacales" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Myzozoa" rank="species" species="jejuensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B935372804782E15FE9AFD643D90BE8A" box="[377,494,662,688]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">G. jejuensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(3 seqs.) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4190B904782E15FD9DFD643F78BE8A" box="[638,774,662,688]" class="Dinophyceae" family="Ostreopsidaceae" genus="Gambierdiscus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Gonyaulacales" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Myzozoa" rank="species" species="carpenteri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B935372804782E15FD9DFD643F78BE8A" box="[638,774,662,688]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">G. carpenteri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(2 seqs.) values were not obtained. The highest interspecific divergence was between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4190B904782E15FE60FD243D89BECA" box="[387,503,726,752]" class="Dinophyceae" family="Ostreopsidaceae" genus="Gambierdiscus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Gonyaulacales" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Myzozoa" rank="species" species="jejuensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B935372804782E15FE60FD243D89BECA" box="[387,503,726,752]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">G. jejuensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4190B904782E15FDCAFD243ED1BECA" box="[553,687,726,752]" class="Dinophyceae" family="Ostreopsidaceae" genus="Gambierdiscus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Gonyaulacales" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Myzozoa" rank="species" species="carpenteri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B935372804782E15FDCAFD243ED1BECA" box="[553,687,726,752]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">G. carpenteri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(0.094) and the lowest interspecific divergence was between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4190B904782E15FD56FD043CC2BF0A" class="Dinophyceae" family="Ostreopsidaceae" genus="Gambierdiscus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Gonyaulacales" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Myzozoa" rank="species" species="caribaeus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B935372804782E15FD56FD043CC2BF0A" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">G. caribaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4190B904782E15FF10FCE43D17BF0A" box="[243,361,790,816]" class="Dinophyceae" family="Ostreopsidaceae" genus="Gambierdiscus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Gonyaulacales" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Myzozoa" rank="species" species="jejuensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B935372804782E15FF10FCE43D17BF0A" box="[243,361,790,816]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">G. jejuensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(0.056) (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6C3DE8104782E15FE32FCE73E5FBF0A" box="[465,545,789,815]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="9.[132,143,219,237]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="TABLE 2. — Evolutionary divergence shown as the number of base substitu- tions per site from averaging over all sequence pairs between G. caribaeus Vandersea, Litaker, M.A.Faust, Kibler, W.C.Holland & P.A.Tester and its closest sister clades are shown below the diagonal and standard error estimate(s) are shown above the diagonal.0.01 and – represent within the clade divergences." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF3EBBB204782E15FF67FF293F77BD6D" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" tableUuid="DF3EBBB204782E15FF67FF293F77BD6D">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |