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<document id="2AEF8B0D1761785ED2A2FA38EE1C1B30" ID-CLB-Dataset="8534" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4851.2.8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2ac5bb58-f2f4-4461-b30e-85e8d755246d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4407774" ID-ZooBank="5AE8133C-72EA-4069-B300-174F18F2A0E4" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1609434014867" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Sikora, Tomáš, Jaschhof, Mathias &amp; Kurina, Olavi" docDate="2020" docId="03E6B909FFC6FFBADFB8FF608D412051" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4851.2.8.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4851 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Unicornella Jaschhof &amp; Sikora 2020, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="361" masterDocId="FFDFC171FFCDFFB6DF2FFFBF88142408" masterDocTitle="Additions to the Estonian fauna of mycophagous Cecidomyiidae (Diptera), with a description of Unicornella estonensis gen. et sp. nov." masterLastPageNumber="363" masterPageNumber="349" pageNumber="360" updateTime="1698850707055" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="BF4C820AC72F8192A010073251393022">Additions to the Estonian fauna of mycophagous Cecidomyiidae (Diptera), with a description of Unicornella estonensis gen. et sp. nov.</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="C1AD524A4BE48BE2FB7E8924FCE81B62" type="personal">
<mods:role id="B79350E80F572333BCEC21BF84FD55FA">
<mods:roleTerm id="F42DE5EECE3010C4D2B8984D559AB875">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="FCC734B71E950471EEE778FED63385B0">Sikora, Tomáš</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="19A7DC1519F20059822E960CC115F56D" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7043-3053</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="577F4C59BF4F41BDD942CC992EEF041A">Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Chittussiho 10, 71000 Ostrava, Czech Republic. &amp; sikothomas @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7043 - 3053</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B9A2738A364A161ED3144FB6A5F895FC" type="email">sikothomas@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="9425864044121BEE11E8E62FF9C2D030" type="personal">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="53B24C7F7EFB128FE245943B4AF98045">Jaschhof, Mathias</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="0C87130F68C80FAE91E8EEAC9DD0051C" type="ORCID">0000-0003-3447-1620</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="789D603699A526E92C222A43CF5CFCBF">Station Linné, Ölands Skogsby 161, SE- 38693 Färjestaden, Sweden. &amp; mjaschhof @ yahoo. de; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3447 - 1620</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="3E2E1A8165D54D18C1302F06614F785E" type="email">mjaschhof@yahoo.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="D187C2F2A1F95CA73715743AC3E07657" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="173FC5F83A8A777768F816F86AB98A2F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="B10B289C7078A2D5C86AB8FC88E6EEAA">Kurina, Olavi</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="19D54334E94B38ABA98F05109B45BDA8" type="ORCID">0000-0002-4858-4629</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="C1266695E12835B8BE538F73B5817EE3">Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 5 D, 51006 Tartu, Estonia. Corresponding author &amp; olavi. kurina @ emu. ee; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4858 - 4629</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="60FD2E1FA230A087869BC1BB63EB72AD" type="email">olavi.kurina@emu.ee</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="B10651412F5DD0EC5E22B9BCE2CF696C">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="76361962A9CF74135838CE04E8139F5E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="DDCAFB6589250D7CB284A096899C37E4">
<mods:date id="A51CCF4A1DB9A2F7A85700749D74FFBD">2020</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="AF78F211CF4CC55B6A8216F31C6C4295" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="44EC61456535D579F0E14A3EDCF7D152">2020-09-10</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="A220E2FA5F41A1A280440DFF462EB022" type="volume">
<mods:number id="D8CCBD2AA8A5442EF827D661A6EB07A1">4851</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="D8C5EA21657ECC18B0A828C04B32199B">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="1D74599D8DEB4B7E8854A7422B139A77" type="CLB-Dataset">8534</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="CF5C6871FC56E678923E489B972850E7" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4851.2.8</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03E6B909FFC6FFBADFB8FF608D412051" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4408154" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177203691" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4408154" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E6B909FFC6FFBADFB8FF608D412051" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E6B909FFC6FFBADFB8FF608D412051" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="361" pageId="11" pageNumber="360">
<subSubSection id="C3555B94FFC6FFBDDFB8FF608A9A24F1" box="[151,654,223,250]" pageId="11" pageNumber="360" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BF0081FFFC6FFBDDFB8FF608A9A24F1" blockId="11.[151,654,223,250]" box="[151,654,223,250]" pageId="11" pageNumber="360">
<heading id="D0B8BF73FFC6FFBDDFB8FF608A9A24F1" bold="true" box="[151,654,223,250]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="360" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B93BD40DFFC6FFBDDFB8FF608A9A24F1" bold="true" box="[151,654,223,250]" pageId="11" pageNumber="360">
<taxonomicName id="4C4F739CFFC6FFBDDFB8FF608A0C24F1" ID-CoL="89RNZ" authority="Jaschhof &amp; Sikora" authorityName="Jaschhof &amp; Sikora" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,536,223,250]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Unicornella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="360" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93BD40DFFC6FFBDDFB8FF60893C24F2" bold="true" box="[151,296,223,250]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="360">Unicornella</emphasis>
Jaschhof &amp; Sikora
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2086976FFC6FFBDDD0FFF608A9A24F1" box="[544,654,223,249]" pageId="11" pageNumber="360" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3555B94FFC6FFBDDFB8FE988AC325C4" pageId="11" pageNumber="360" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="8BF0081FFFC6FFBDDFB8FE988C962549" blockId="11.[151,1154,295,321]" box="[151,1154,295,321]" pageId="11" pageNumber="360">
<emphasis id="B93BD40DFFC6FFBDDFB8FE98892E2549" bold="true" box="[151,314,295,321]" pageId="11" pageNumber="360">
<typeStatus id="54F4B6BDFFC6FFBDDFB8FE9888C02549" box="[151,212,295,321]" pageId="11" pageNumber="360">Type</typeStatus>
species,
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4F739CFFC6FFBDDE6EFE988B2B2549" ID-CoL="8FK9P" authority="Jaschhof &amp; Sikora" authorityName="Jaschhof &amp; Sikora" authorityYear="2020" box="[321,831,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Unicornella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="360" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="estonensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93BD40DFFC6FFBDDE6EFE988A5B2549" box="[321,591,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="360">Unicornella estonensis</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B93BD40DFFC6FFBDDD79FE988B2B2549" bold="true" box="[598,831,295,321]" pageId="11" pageNumber="360">Jaschhof &amp; Sikora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B93BD40DFFC6FFBDDC69FE988C962549" bold="true" box="[838,1154,295,321]" pageId="11" pageNumber="360">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2086976FFC6FFBDDC69FE988BB12549" box="[838,933,295,321]" pageId="11" pageNumber="360" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, described below.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF0081FFFC6FFBDDFB8FED58AC325C4" blockId="11.[151,1437,362,856]" pageId="11" pageNumber="360">
This new genus is introduced here for a new species of
<taxonomicName id="4C4F739CFFC6FFBDDDD7FED58B8E258C" ID-CoL="9CJBN" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1913" box="[760,922,362,388]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="360" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Porricondylini">Porricondylini</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="F358488FFFC6FFBDDCF4FED58C26258C" box="[987,1074,362,388]" name="Estonia" pageId="11" pageNumber="360">Estonia</collectingCountry>
, described below as
<taxonomicName id="4C4F739CFFC6FFBDDA3AFED5891E25A0" ID-CoL="8FK9P" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Unicornella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="360" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="estonensis">
<emphasis id="B93BD40DFFC6FFBDDA3AFED5891E25A0" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="360">Unicornella estonensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(but see below). The species is represented in our material only by two males, meaning female characters of
<taxonomicName id="4C4F739CFFC6FFBDDF99FE0D892925C4" ID-CoL="89RNZ" authorityName="Jaschhof &amp; Sikora" authorityYear="2020" box="[182,317,434,460]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Unicornella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="361" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BD40DFFC6FFBDDF99FE0D892925C4" box="[182,317,434,460]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="360">Unicornella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
remain unknown for the time being.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3555B94FFC6FFBADFE8FE6A8CFF26C5" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="361" pageId="11" pageNumber="360" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BF0081FFFC6FFBDDFE8FE6A8B762750" blockId="11.[151,1437,362,856]" pageId="11" pageNumber="360">
<emphasis id="B93BD40DFFC6FFBDDFE8FE6A895625E7" bold="true" box="[199,322,469,495]" pageId="11" pageNumber="360">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4F739CFFC6FFBDDE66FE6989C425F8" authorityName="Jaschhof &amp; Sikora" authorityYear="2020" box="[329,464,470,496]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Unicornella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="361" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BD40DFFC6FFBDDE66FE6989C425F8" box="[329,464,470,496]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="360">Unicornella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comprises small, delicate
<taxonomicName id="4C4F739CFFC6FFBDDDD2FE698B8B25F8" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1913" box="[765,927,470,496]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="360" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Porricondylini">Porricondylini</taxonomicName>
with basitarsal spines (
<figureCitation id="1374149AFFC6FFBDDB86FE698D1525F8" box="[1193,1281,470,496]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1894,1918]" captionTargetBox="[165,1427,892,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-273@11.[151,1436,880,1871]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 3: Morphology of Unicornella estonensis, male, holotype. A: Genitalia, ventral. B: Wing, dorsal, setae omitted. C: Fourth flagellomere, lateral. D: Basitarsus of foreleg, lateral. Scales for A, C, D, 0.05 mm; for B, 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4407783" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4407783/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="360">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
) and
<specimenCount id="9D49C396FFC6FFBDDA6DFE698D8825F8" box="[1346,1436,470,496]" pageId="11" pageNumber="360" type="male">10 male</specimenCount>
flagellomeres, characters placing it in group Bb by
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE75EEFFC6FFBDDDF4FE458C47261D" author="Jaschhof, M. &amp; Jaschhof, C." box="[731,1107,506,533]" pageId="11" pageNumber="360" pagination="1 - 392" refId="ref9061" refString="Jaschhof, M. &amp; Jaschhof, C. (2013) The Porricondylinae (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) of Sweden, with notes on extralimital species. Studia dipterologica Supplement, 20, 1 - 392." type="journal article" year="2013">Jaschhof &amp; Jaschhof (2013: 166)</bibRefCitation>
. The morphology of males is partially atrophied, recognizable by the small size of the body, the eye bridge lacking dorsal ommatidia, and the wings lacking both branches of the media (
<figureCitation id="1374149AFFC6FFBDDD59FDFD8ADA2654" box="[630,718,578,604]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1894,1918]" captionTargetBox="[165,1427,892,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-273@11.[151,1436,880,1871]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 3: Morphology of Unicornella estonensis, male, holotype. A: Genitalia, ventral. B: Wing, dorsal, setae omitted. C: Fourth flagellomere, lateral. D: Basitarsus of foreleg, lateral. Scales for A, C, D, 0.05 mm; for B, 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4407783" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4407783/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="360">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C4F739CFFC6FFBDDDCDFDFD8BF22654" authority="Mamaev" authorityName="Mamaev" authorityYear="1964" box="[738,998,578,604]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Cryptoneurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="360" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BD40DFFC6FFBDDDCDFDFD8B682654" box="[738,892,578,604]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="360">Cryptoneurus</emphasis>
Mamaev
</taxonomicName>
, another genus of group Bb and largely similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C4F739CFFC6FFBDDE25FDD989852688" authorityName="Jaschhof &amp; Sikora" authorityYear="2020" box="[266,401,614,640]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Unicornella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="361" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BD40DFFC6FFBDDE25FDD989852688" box="[266,401,614,640]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="360">Unicornella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, differs in having
<specimenCount id="9D49C396FFC6FFBDDD4EFDD98AAE2688" box="[609,698,614,640]" pageId="11" pageNumber="360" type="male">11 male</specimenCount>
flagellomeres.
<taxonomicName id="4C4F739CFFC6FFBDDC46FDD98BE42688" authorityName="Jaschhof &amp; Sikora" authorityYear="2020" box="[873,1008,614,640]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Unicornella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="361" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BD40DFFC6FFBDDC46FDD98BE42688" box="[873,1008,614,640]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="360">Unicornella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is unique among
<taxonomicName id="4C4F739CFFC6FFBDDB95FDD98D4B2688" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1913" box="[1210,1375,614,640]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="360" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Porricondylini">Porricondylini</taxonomicName>
, both within and outside group Bb, in the structure of the male genitalia (
<figureCitation id="1374149AFFC6FFBDDCA7FD358BF626AC" box="[904,994,650,676]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1894,1918]" captionTargetBox="[165,1427,892,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-273@11.[151,1436,880,1871]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 3: Morphology of Unicornella estonensis, male, holotype. A: Genitalia, ventral. B: Wing, dorsal, setae omitted. C: Fourth flagellomere, lateral. D: Basitarsus of foreleg, lateral. Scales for A, C, D, 0.05 mm; for B, 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4407783" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4407783/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="360">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
), as follows. The gonocoxal synsclerite has only one process medioposteriorly (as opposed to two or no processes in other
<taxonomicName id="4C4F739CFFC6FFBDDB6EFD118CFC26C1" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1913" box="[1089,1256,686,713]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="360" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Porricondylini">Porricondylini</taxonomicName>
), which is moderately sized and sclerotized; the gonostylus is bilobed, the ventral lobe bearing a toothed, basomedial process and the dorsal lobe bearing normal setae; the parameres are present as small sclerotized tusks whose apices are bent ventrad, and whose bases are apparently linked with each other and with the ventral gonocoxal wall; and the aedeagal apodeme has an angular extension of considerable size apically.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF305897FFC6FFBDDFB8F8D98CDD23AA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4407783" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4407783" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4407783/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="360" startId="11.[151,250,1894,1918]" targetBox="[165,1427,892,1861]" targetPageId="11">
<paragraph id="8BF0081FFFC6FFBDDFB8F8D98CDD23AA" blockId="11.[151,1436,1894,1955]" pageId="11" pageNumber="360">
<emphasis id="B93BD40DFFC6FFBDDFB8F8D989032377" bold="true" box="[151,279,1894,1919]" pageId="11" pageNumber="360">FIGURE 3:</emphasis>
Morphology of
<taxonomicName id="4C4F739CFFC6FFBDDEEEF8D88ABE2376" box="[449,682,1895,1919]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Unicornella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="360" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="estonensis">
<emphasis id="B93BD40DFFC6FFBDDEEEF8D88ABE2376" box="[449,682,1895,1919]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="360">Unicornella estonensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, male, holotype.
<emphasis id="B93BD40DFFC6FFBDDC71F8D98B642376" bold="true" box="[862,880,1894,1918]" pageId="11" pageNumber="360">A</emphasis>
: Genitalia, ventral.
<emphasis id="B93BD40DFFC6FFBDDB11F8D88C5B2377" bold="true" box="[1086,1103,1895,1919]" pageId="11" pageNumber="360">B</emphasis>
: Wing, dorsal, setae omitted.
<emphasis id="B93BD40DFFC6FFBDDAACF8D98D812376" bold="true" box="[1411,1429,1894,1918]" pageId="11" pageNumber="360">C</emphasis>
: Fourth flagellomere, lateral.
<emphasis id="B93BD40DFFC6FFBDDE95F83489D823AB" bold="true" box="[442,460,1931,1955]" pageId="11" pageNumber="360">D</emphasis>
: Basitarsus of foreleg, lateral. Scales for
<emphasis id="B93BD40DFFC6FFBDDC40F8358B9523AA" bold="true" box="[879,897,1930,1954]" pageId="11" pageNumber="360">A</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B93BD40DFFC6FFBDDCA1F8358BB423AA" bold="true" box="[910,928,1930,1954]" pageId="11" pageNumber="360">C</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B93BD40DFFC6FFBDDC83F8348BAA23AB" bold="true" box="[940,958,1931,1955]" pageId="11" pageNumber="360">D</emphasis>
, 0.05 mm; for
<emphasis id="B93BD40DFFC6FFBDDB78F8348C7C23AB" bold="true" box="[1111,1128,1931,1955]" pageId="11" pageNumber="360">B</emphasis>
, 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF0081FFFC1FFBADFE8FF298CFF26C5" blockId="12.[151,1437,150,1113]" pageId="12" pageNumber="361">
<emphasis id="B93BD40DFFC1FFBADFE8FF298A3D24B8" bold="true" box="[199,553,150,176]" pageId="12" pageNumber="361">Other male characters. Head.</emphasis>
Postcranial setae sparse. Postfrons non-setose. Scape slightly larger than pedicel, both slightly lighter than flagellum. Circumfila sinuous, present on all flagellomeres; neck of fourth flagellomere longer than node (
<figureCitation id="1374149AFFC1FFBADE8DFF6189EE24F0" box="[418,506,222,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1894,1918]" captionTargetBox="[165,1427,892,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-273@11.[151,1436,880,1871]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 3: Morphology of Unicornella estonensis, male, holotype. A: Genitalia, ventral. B: Wing, dorsal, setae omitted. C: Fourth flagellomere, lateral. D: Basitarsus of foreleg, lateral. Scales for A, C, D, 0.05 mm; for B, 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4407783" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4407783/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="361">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
). Palpus slightly shorter than head height, 4 setose, subcylindrical segments, apical segment longest of all.
<emphasis id="B93BD40DFFC1FFBADEB4FEBD89EE2514" bold="true" box="[411,506,258,284]" pageId="12" pageNumber="361">Thorax.</emphasis>
Scutum with brown stripes dorsally and dorsolaterally; setae sparse. Pronotum and anepisternum non-setose; anepimeron with 3–4 setae.
<emphasis id="B93BD40DFFC1FFBADC25FE998B5F2548" bold="true" box="[778,843,294,320]" pageId="12" pageNumber="361">Wing</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="1374149AFFC1FFBADC71FE998BAD2548" box="[862,953,294,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1894,1918]" captionTargetBox="[165,1427,892,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-273@11.[151,1436,880,1871]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 3: Morphology of Unicornella estonensis, male, holotype. A: Genitalia, ventral. B: Wing, dorsal, setae omitted. C: Fourth flagellomere, lateral. D: Basitarsus of foreleg, lateral. Scales for A, C, D, 0.05 mm; for B, 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4407783" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4407783/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="361">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
). Length/width ratio 2.9. Membrane fully setose. Costal cell narrow, slightly reinforced. Radial cell conspicuously large. Costal break distinct. Rs oblique, indistinct. CuA short, running close to posterior wing edge.
<emphasis id="B93BD40DFFC1FFBADC35FED18B462580" bold="true" box="[794,850,366,392]" pageId="12" pageNumber="361">Legs</emphasis>
densely covered with pointed scales. Foreleg: femur and tibia about same length, tibia longer than T
<subScript id="17CB0A5AFFC1FFBADD81FE1A8AA225BB" attach="left" box="[686,694,421,435]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="361">2</subScript>
. Acropod: claws slightly bent, 1 large tooth basally; empodia one third as long as claws.
<emphasis id="B93BD40DFFC1FFBADEBBFE098A1B25D8" bold="true" box="[404,527,438,464]" pageId="12" pageNumber="361">Abdomen.</emphasis>
Sclerites faintly contrasting with surrounding membrane, sparsely setose. Pleural membrane setose.
<emphasis id="B93BD40DFFC1FFBADE44FE6589CD25FC" bold="true" box="[363,473,474,500]" pageId="12" pageNumber="361">Genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="1374149AFFC1FFBADEC4FE658A5325FC" box="[491,583,474,500]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1894,1918]" captionTargetBox="[165,1427,892,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-273@11.[151,1436,880,1871]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 3: Morphology of Unicornella estonensis, male, holotype. A: Genitalia, ventral. B: Wing, dorsal, setae omitted. C: Fourth flagellomere, lateral. D: Basitarsus of foreleg, lateral. Scales for A, C, D, 0.05 mm; for B, 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4407783" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4407783/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="361">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
). Ninth tergite (not illustrated) short, subtrapezoid, poorly sclerotized, 2–3 setae at posterior edge. Gonocoxal synsclerite with long setae; a pair of setose protuberances near gonostylar bases; medial bridges not bulging towards aedeagus; ventroposterior portions subtriangular, slightly projecting beyond dorsoposterior portions; dorsal apodemes conspicuously broad. Gonostylus with moderately long setae; basolateral apophysis small. Aedeagal apodeme slightly shorter than gonocoxae; rod-shaped portion thin, slightly longer than apical extension. Hypoproct (not illustrated) markedly smaller than cerci, bilobed apically, lobes rounded, each with 1 apical seta. Cerci (not illustrated) bilobed apically, lobes blunt-ended, each with 2–3 apical setae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3555B94FFC1FFBADFE8FD698D412051" pageId="12" pageNumber="361" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BF0081FFFC1FFBADFE8FD698C252730" blockId="12.[151,1437,150,1113]" pageId="12" pageNumber="361">
<emphasis id="B93BD40DFFC1FFBADFE8FD69895A26F8" bold="true" box="[199,334,726,752]" pageId="12" pageNumber="361">Etymology.</emphasis>
The name is derived from the Latin word for unicorn, with
<emphasis id="B93BD40DFFC1FFBADCDFFD688C3126F8" box="[1008,1061,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="361">unus</emphasis>
meaning one and
<emphasis id="B93BD40DFFC1FFBADBDCFD688D2026F8" box="[1267,1332,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="361">cornu</emphasis>
meaning horn, in reference to the single gonocoxal process found in this genus. The suffix -
<emphasis id="B93BD40DFFC1FFBADB1DFD458C48271C" box="[1074,1116,762,788]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="361">ella</emphasis>
is a diminutive and refers to
<emphasis id="B93BD40DFFC1FFBADFB8FCA1891D2730" box="[151,265,798,824]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="361">Dallaiella</emphasis>
, a genus supposed to be closely related. The name’s gender is feminine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF0081FFFC1FFBADFE8FCFD8D412051" blockId="12.[151,1437,150,1113]" pageId="12" pageNumber="361">
<emphasis id="B93BD40DFFC1FFBADFE8FCFD895D2754" bold="true" box="[199,329,834,860]" pageId="12" pageNumber="361">Phylogeny.</emphasis>
Characters of the wing, male antenna and genitalia suggest that
<taxonomicName id="4C4F739CFFC1FFBADB18FCFD8CAA2754" authorityName="Jaschhof &amp; Sikora" authorityYear="2020" box="[1079,1214,834,860]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Unicornella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="361" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BD40DFFC1FFBADB18FCFD8CAA2754" box="[1079,1214,834,860]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="361">Unicornella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is most closely related to
<taxonomicName id="4C4F739CFFC1FFBADFDDFCD98A7E2789" authority="Harris, Cryptoneurus" authorityName="Harris, Cryptoneurus" box="[242,618,870,897]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Coccopsilis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="361" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BD40DFFC1FFBADFDDFCD989612788" box="[242,373,870,896]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="361">Coccopsilis</emphasis>
Harris,
<emphasis id="B93BD40DFFC1FFBADEFFFCD88A7E2789" box="[464,618,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="361">Cryptoneurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(both with basitarsal spines), and
<taxonomicName id="4C4F739CFFC1FFBADCC5FCD98CD12789" authority="Mamaev" authorityName="Mamaev" box="[1002,1221,870,897]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Dallaiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="361" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BD40DFFC1FFBADCC5FCD98C482788" box="[1002,1116,870,896]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="361">Dallaiella</emphasis>
Mamaev
</taxonomicName>
(without basitarsal spines). All these genera have fewer than
<specimenCount id="9D49C396FFC1FFBADD49FC358AAA27AC" box="[614,702,906,932]" pageId="12" pageNumber="361" type="male">14 male</specimenCount>
flagellomeres, the wing venation is reduced to only three longitudinal veins (R
<subScript id="17CB0A5AFFC1FFBADE1AFC7E892927C7" attach="left" box="[309,317,961,975]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="361">1</subScript>
, R
<subScript id="17CB0A5AFFC1FFBADE71FC7F897227C6" attach="left" box="[350,358,960,974]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="361">5</subScript>
, and CuA), the gonocoxal synsclerite is clearly broader than long, and the gonocoxal emargination is wide and shallow. Among those genera,
<taxonomicName id="4C4F739CFFC1FFBADD9CFC6D8B2E27E4" authorityName="Jaschhof &amp; Sikora" authorityYear="2020" box="[691,826,978,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Unicornella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="361" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BD40DFFC1FFBADD9CFC6D8B2E27E4" box="[691,826,978,1004]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="361">Unicornella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles, on the one hand,
<emphasis id="B93BD40DFFC1FFBADBA8FC6C8D3527E5" box="[1159,1313,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="361">Cryptoneurus</emphasis>
in that the posterior portion of the gonostylus is strongly enlarged (extended in
<taxonomicName id="4C4F739CFFC1FFBADCBCFC498C0E2018" authorityName="Jaschhof &amp; Sikora" authorityYear="2020" box="[915,1050,1014,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Unicornella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="361" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BD40DFFC1FFBADCBCFC498C0E2018" box="[915,1050,1014,1040]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="361">Unicornella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, inflated in
<emphasis id="B93BD40DFFC1FFBADB8FFC488D2E2019" box="[1184,1338,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="361">Cryptoneurus</emphasis>
) and, on the other hand,
<emphasis id="B93BD40DFFC1FFBADE66FBA589AF203C" box="[329,443,1050,1076]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="361">Dallaiella</emphasis>
in that the parameres are tusk-shaped. We deem it possible that these four genera are a monophyletic subgroup of the
<taxonomicName id="4C4F739CFFC1FFBADEC0FB818A852050" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1913" box="[495,657,1086,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="361" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Porricondylini">Porricondylini</taxonomicName>
(including
<taxonomicName id="4C4F739CFFC1FFBADC3DFB818B882050" authorityName="Enderlein" authorityYear="1936" box="[786,924,1086,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="361" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Holoneurini">Holoneurini</taxonomicName>
, see
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE75EEFFC1FFBADCFDFB818D442051" author="Jaschhof, M. &amp; Jaschhof, C." box="[978,1360,1086,1113]" pageId="12" pageNumber="361" pagination="1 - 392" refId="ref9061" refString="Jaschhof, M. &amp; Jaschhof, C. (2013) The Porricondylinae (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) of Sweden, with notes on extralimital species. Studia dipterologica Supplement, 20, 1 - 392." type="journal article" year="2013">Jaschhof &amp; Jaschhof (2013: 164))</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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