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<document id="5BE62FDD9EC94A0E47412B36C021A328" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4093.3.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9f88e467-a052-4233-af95-05206184d3d4" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="266589" ID-ZooBank="F03731C8-DE0E-4CCA-9E11-A2DF5994C9A9" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1458721627483" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Prieto, Carlos &amp; Vargas, Maria A." docDate="2016" docId="03E687EBFFD2855D7CD3F9C5FB28FF54" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4093.3.2.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4093 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Rhamma livida Torres &amp; Johnson 1997" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="328" masterDocId="FFDFFF93FFD6855B7C44FFC7FFB8FFAC" masterDocTitle="Elfin butterflies of the genus Rhamma Johnson (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae: Theclinae): A review of the Colombian species" masterLastPageNumber="342" masterPageNumber="323" pageNumber="327" updateTime="1698185951747" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="AB0A27E61ADE3429EE0DFD4334A3869C">Elfin butterflies of the genus Rhamma Johnson (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae: Theclinae): A review of the Colombian species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="52E4B79434D8E48E54AA209730CD235D">Prieto, Carlos</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F12A6378F7220287E17D86B1DC369612">Vargas, Maria A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="AEF507E2A1029CA01F8ECC8D87F893F5">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="C90FA3C79EF93C618E09BD572D37637B">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="C3166A86DD0E17A03039B7A2CA347F04">4093</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="A211F729849954D7124CA448B2CA42F6" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4093.3.2</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03E687EBFFD2855D7CD3F9C5FB28FF54" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6058869" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119257869" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6058869" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E687EBFFD2855D7CD3F9C5FB28FF54" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E687EBFFD2855D7CD3F9C5FB28FF54" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="328" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">
<subSubSection id="C3556576FFD2855F7CD3F9C5FE5DF992" pageId="4" pageNumber="327" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BF036FDFFD2855F7CD3F9C5FD39F9B1" blockId="4.[151,641,1538,1598]" box="[151,641,1538,1565]" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">
<heading id="D0B88191FFD2855F7CD3F9C5FD39F9B1" bold="true" box="[151,641,1538,1565]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="327" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D7EFFD2855F7CD3F9C5FD39F9B1" authority="Torres &amp; Johnson, 1997" authorityName="Torres &amp; Johnson" authorityYear="1997" box="[151,641,1538,1565]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Rhamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="327" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="livida">
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD2855F7CD3F9C5FD39F9B1" bold="true" box="[151,641,1538,1565]" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD2855F7CD3F9C5FEE8F9B0" bold="true" box="[151,336,1538,1564]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">Rhamma livida</emphasis>
Torres &amp; Johnson, 1997
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036FDFFD2855F7CD3F9E2FE5DF992" blockId="4.[151,641,1538,1598]" box="[151,485,1573,1598]" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">
(
<figureCitation id="13742A78FFD2855F7CDAF9E2FE8DF992" box="[158,309,1573,1598]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 10" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1553,1576]" captionTargetBox="[154,1436,193,1527]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1533]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 10. Adults depicted in dorsal (left) and ventral (right) aspect: 1. Rhamma hybla male (Antioquia); 2. Rhamma hybla female (Antioquia); 3. Rhamma adunca male (Cauca); 4. Rhamma adunca female (Cauca); 5. Rhamma adunca male (Belmira, Antioquia); 6. Rhamma adunca female (Cauca); 7. Rhamma arria male (Valle); 8. Rhamma arria female (Valle); 9. Rhamma livida male (Cauca); 10. Rhamma livida female (Cauca)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/266590/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">Figures 9, 10</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13742A78FFD2855F7D05F9E1FEE7F992" box="[321,351,1574,1598]" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 35" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1361,1384]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,193,1323]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1324]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 35. Male genitalia armatures in lateral (left) and ventral (right) views: 30. Rhamma hybla; 31. Rhamma adunca; 32. Rhamma arria; 33. Rhamma livida (arrows point a., vinculum strut strongly developed and b., vinculum forming a 90 degree angle); 34. Rhamma oxida; 35. Rhamma comstocki." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/266593/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">33</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13742A78FFD2855F7D2FF9E2FE31F992" box="[363,393,1573,1598]" captionStart="FIGURES 42 – 50" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1892,1915]" captionTargetBox="[379,1198,193,1851]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[379,1198,193,1851]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 42 – 50. Female genitalia (ductus bursae and bursa copulatrix): 42. Rhamma hybla (arrows point a., strongly developed lamella postvaginalis, terminating in serrate configurations b., ductus bursae lightly sclerotized in the middle so that it appears to be transparent and c., dendritic, fan shaped signa) 43. Rhamma adunca; 44. Rhamma arria; 45. Rhamma livida; 46. Rhamma oxida; 47. Rhamma comstocki; 48. Rhamma shapiroi; 49. Rhamma bilix; 50. Rhamma anosma." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/266594/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">45</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13742A78FFD2855F7DD1F9E2FE0BF992" box="[405,435,1573,1598]" captionStart="FIGURES 51 – 62" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1499,1522]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1477]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,193,1478]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 51 – 62. Androconial brands (arrows point the scent pad): 51. Rhamma hybla; 52. Rhamma adunca; 53. Rhamma arria; 54. Rhamma livida; 55. Rhamma oxida; 56. Rhamma comstocki; 57. Rhamma shapiroi; 58. Rhamma mishma; 59. Rhamma bilix; 60. Rhamma anosma; 61. Rhamma familiaris; 62. Rhamma commodus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/266595/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">54</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13742A78FFD2855F7DFBF9E1FE65F992" box="[447,477,1574,1598]" captionStart="FIGURES 67 – 70" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1912,1935]" captionTargetBox="[159,1431,198,1884]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,193,1892]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 67 – 70. Distributional maps of Colombian Rhamma. 67. Rhamma commodus, Rhamma familiaris; 68. Rhamma comstocki; 69. Rhamma hybla; 70. Rhamma livida." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/266597/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">70</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3556576FFD2855F7CD3F9AAFCEEF92F" box="[151,854,1645,1667]" pageId="4" pageNumber="327" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BF036FDFFD2855F7CD3F9AAFCEEF92F" blockId="4.[151,854,1645,1667]" box="[151,854,1645,1667]" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D7EFFD2855F7CD3F9AAFDFDF92F" authority="Torres &amp; Johnson, 1997: 2" authorityName="Torres &amp; Johnson" authorityPageNumber="2" authorityYear="1997" box="[151,581,1645,1667]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Rhamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="327" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="livida">
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD2855F7CD3F9AAFE89F92F" box="[151,305,1645,1667]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">Rhamma livida</emphasis>
Torres &amp; Johnson, 1997: 2
</taxonomicName>
, photoplate 9f, num.12. D.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3556576FFD2855F7CD3F968FBC2F8FB" pageId="4" pageNumber="327" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BF036FDFFD2855F7CD3F968FE45F940" blockId="4.[151,1436,1711,2025]" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD2855F7CD3F968FEFDF964" bold="true" box="[151,325,1711,1736]" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">
<typeStatus id="54F4885FFFD2855F7CD3F968FF6AF964" box="[151,210,1711,1736]" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">Type</typeStatus>
material.
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="54F4885FFFD2855F7D09F968FE0DF964" box="[333,437,1711,1736]" pageId="4" pageNumber="327" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
male,
<collectingCountry id="F358766DFFD2855F7E46F968FDCBF964" box="[514,627,1711,1736]" name="Colombia" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">Colombia</collectingCountry>
, Cundinamarca, Mosquera, “Zabrisky”, Cerro Mondoñado,
<date id="FFF1103DFFD2855F795EF977FF6AF941" pageId="4" pageNumber="327" value="1995-02-14">14 february 1995</date>
. Deposited in MHN-UPN.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036FDFFD2855F7C83F930FBC2F8FB" blockId="4.[151,1436,1711,2025]" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD2855F7C83F930FDE8F8BC" bold="true" box="[199,592,1783,1808]" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">Taxonomic history and remarks.</emphasis>
This species was described from a single male specimen from the eastern cordillera. We were not able to examine the
<typeStatus id="54F4885FFFD2855F7EC6F8DBFD5FF899" box="[642,743,1820,1845]" pageId="4" pageNumber="327" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, but good photographic images of this specimen allowed us to associate a large series of specimens from the three Colombian cordilleras with
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D7EFFD2855F7850F886FBCCF8F4" box="[1044,1140,1855,1880]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Rhamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="327" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="livida">
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD2855F7850F886FBCCF8F4" box="[1044,1140,1855,1880]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">R. livida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3556576FFD2855F7C83F8A3FB79F845" pageId="4" pageNumber="327" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BF036FDFFD2855F7C83F8A3FB79F845" blockId="4.[151,1436,1711,2025]" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD2855F7C83F8A3FD99F8D1" bold="true" box="[199,545,1892,1917]" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">Distribution and variability.</emphasis>
Widely distributed in
<collectingCountry id="F358766DFFD2855F7F75F8A3FC1AF8D1" box="[817,930,1892,1917]" name="Colombia" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">Colombia</collectingCountry>
, this species can be found in the western, central, and eastern cordilleras from
<quantity id="4CB79B18FFD2855F7E75F840FD3EF833" box="[561,646,1927,1952]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="327" unit="m" value="2500.0">2500 m</quantity>
to
<quantity id="4CB79B18FFD2855F7EEDF84FFCB9F833" box="[681,769,1928,1952]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="327" unit="m" value="3000.0">3000 m</quantity>
. Specimens from the Eastern cordillera (Cundinamarca and Serrania del Perijá, Cesar) have shorter anal lobes than individuals from central
<collectingCountry id="F358766DFFD2855F7875F86BFB1BF869" box="[1073,1187,1964,1989]" name="Colombia" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">Colombia</collectingCountry>
. Variation in size and wing color is almost non-existent, but the length of the anal lobe in females can vary markedly.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF306675FFD3855E7CD3F9D6FC8DF928" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/266590/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="328" targetBox="[154,1436,193,1527]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8BF036FDFFD3855E7CD3F9D6FC8DF928" blockId="5.[151,1436,1553,1668]" pageId="5" pageNumber="328">
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD3855E7CD3F9D6FEF0F98B" bold="true" box="[151,328,1553,1576]" pageId="5" pageNumber="328">FIGURES 1–10.</emphasis>
Adults depicted in dorsal (left) and ventral (right) aspect:
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD3855E7FEEF9D5FC05F98B" bold="true" box="[938,957,1554,1575]" pageId="5" pageNumber="328">1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D7EFFD3855E7F81F9D5FBE7F984" box="[965,1119,1554,1576]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Rhamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="328" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hybla">
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD3855E7F81F9D5FBE7F984" box="[965,1119,1554,1576]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="328">Rhamma hybla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
male (Antioquia);
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD3855E7963F9D5FA81F98B" bold="true" box="[1319,1337,1554,1575]" pageId="5" pageNumber="328">2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D7EFFD3855E7906F9D5FF77F9EB" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Rhamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="328" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hybla">
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD3855E7906F9D5FF77F9EB" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="328">Rhamma hybla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
female (Antioquia);
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD3855E7DE8F9F6FE06F9EA" bold="true" box="[428,446,1585,1606]" pageId="5" pageNumber="328">3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D7EFFD3855E7D8CF9F6FDCEF9EB" box="[456,630,1585,1607]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Rhamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="328" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="adunca">
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD3855E7D8CF9F6FDCEF9EB" box="[456,630,1585,1607]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="328">Rhamma adunca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
male (Cauca);
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD3855E7F5CF9F6FC93F9EA" bold="true" box="[792,811,1585,1606]" pageId="5" pageNumber="328">4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D7EFFD3855E7F70F9F6FC5AF9EB" box="[820,994,1585,1607]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Rhamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="328" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="adunca">
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD3855E7F70F9F6FC5AF9EB" box="[820,994,1585,1607]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="328">Rhamma adunca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
female (Cauca);
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD3855E78DCF9F6FB13F9EA" bold="true" box="[1176,1195,1585,1606]" pageId="5" pageNumber="328">5.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D7EFFD3855E78F0F9F6FADAF9EB" box="[1204,1378,1585,1607]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Rhamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="328" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="adunca">
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD3855E78F0F9F6FADAF9EB" box="[1204,1378,1585,1607]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="328">Rhamma adunca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
male (Belmira, Antioquia);
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD3855E7D3EF988FE34F9C8" bold="true" box="[378,396,1615,1636]" pageId="5" pageNumber="328">6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D7EFFD3855E7DD0F988FDF8F9C9" box="[404,576,1615,1637]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Rhamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="328" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="adunca">
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD3855E7DD0F988FDF8F9C9" box="[404,576,1615,1637]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="328">Rhamma adunca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
female (Cauca);
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD3855E7EB5F988FCBCF9C8" bold="true" box="[753,772,1615,1636]" pageId="5" pageNumber="328">7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D7EFFD3855E7F48F988FC19F9C9" box="[780,929,1615,1637]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Rhamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="328" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arria">
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD3855E7F48F988FC19F9C9" box="[780,929,1615,1637]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="328">Rhamma arria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
male (Valle);
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD3855E7877F988FBFEF9C8" bold="true" box="[1075,1094,1615,1636]" pageId="5" pageNumber="328">8.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D7EFFD3855E7809F988FB5BF9C9" box="[1101,1251,1615,1637]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Rhamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="328" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arria">
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD3855E7809F988FB5BF9C9" box="[1101,1251,1615,1637]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="328">Rhamma arria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
female (Valle);
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD3855E79CDF988FA23F9C8" bold="true" box="[1417,1435,1615,1636]" pageId="5" pageNumber="328">9.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D7EFFD3855E7CD3F9A9FE89F928" box="[151,305,1646,1668]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Rhamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="328" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="livida">
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD3855E7CD3F9A9FE89F928" box="[151,305,1646,1668]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="328">Rhamma livida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
male (Cauca);
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD3855E7D88F9A9FE54F92F" bold="true" box="[460,492,1646,1667]" pageId="5" pageNumber="328">10.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D7EFFD3855E7DB6F9A9FD34F928" box="[498,652,1646,1668]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Rhamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="328" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="livida">
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD3855E7DB6F9A9FD34F928" box="[498,652,1646,1668]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="328">Rhamma livida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
female (Cauca).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C3556576FFD3855E7C83F96CFE2CF8D4" pageId="5" pageNumber="328" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BF036FDFFD3855E7C83F96CFE2CF8D4" blockId="5.[151,1436,1707,2020]" pageId="5" pageNumber="328">
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD3855E7C83F96CFEF9F968" bold="true" box="[199,321,1707,1732]" pageId="5" pageNumber="328">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
This species can be confused with
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D7EFFD3855E7E9DF96BFCD2F968" box="[729,874,1707,1732]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Rhamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="328" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="comstocki">
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD3855E7E9DF96BFCD2F968" box="[729,874,1707,1732]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="328">R. comstocki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D7EFFD3855E7F3DF96BFC60F968" box="[889,984,1707,1732]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Thecla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="328" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oxida">
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD3855E7F3DF96BFC60F968" box="[889,984,1707,1732]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="328">R. oxida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and the Peruvian
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D7EFFD3855E78F5F96BFAEBF96F" box="[1201,1363,1708,1731]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Rhamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="328" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inexpectata">
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD3855E78F5F96BFAEBF96F" box="[1201,1363,1708,1731]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="328">R. inexpectata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Even when large series of specimens were available for comparative purposes and identification, the following combination of characters were found in Colombian specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D7EFFD3855E7FDCF933FC42F8A0" box="[920,1018,1779,1804]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Rhamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="328" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="livida">
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD3855E7FDCF933FC42F8A0" box="[920,1018,1779,1804]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="328">R. livida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and they seem to be dependable: a) androconial brand on the apical end of the discal cell composed of silver scales; b) ventral pattern composed mainly of zigzagged reddish and brown lines; and c) anal lobe of hindwing quite elongate in males and females (similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D7EFFD3855E7D56F8A7FE3CF8D4" box="[274,388,1887,1912]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Rhamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="328" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="adunca">
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD3855E7D56F8A7FE3CF8D4" box="[274,388,1887,1912]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="328">R. adunca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3556576FFD3855D7C83F844FB28FF54" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="329" pageId="5" pageNumber="328" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BF036FDFFD3855D7C83F844FB28FF54" blockId="5.[151,1436,1707,2020]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1436,151,248]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="329" pageId="5" pageNumber="328">
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD3855E7C83F844FE15F830" bold="true" box="[199,429,1923,1948]" pageId="5" pageNumber="328">Material examined</emphasis>
(
<specimenCount id="9D49FD74FFD3855E7D84F844FE4CF830" box="[448,500,1923,1948]" pageId="5" pageNumber="328" type="generic">16♂</specimenCount>
, 7♀).
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD3855E7E05F844FD17F830" bold="true" box="[577,687,1923,1948]" pageId="5" pageNumber="328">CAUCA:</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D49FD74FFD3855E7EFEF843FD65F830" box="[698,733,1923,1948]" pageId="5" pageNumber="328" type="generic">
1
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD3855E7E8CF844FD65F830" bold="true" box="[712,733,1923,1948]" pageId="5" pageNumber="328">♂</emphasis>
</specimenCount>
, CP: Popayán,
<quantity id="4CB79B18FFD3855E7FD1F843FC57F837" box="[917,1007,1924,1948]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="328" unit="m" value="1800.0">1800 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFF1103DFFD3855E7FBAF843FB3AF830" box="[1022,1154,1924,1948]" pageId="5" pageNumber="328" value="2009-08-09">09/08/2009</date>
, C. Prieto;
<specimenCount id="9D49FD74FFD3855E794DF843FA94F830" box="[1289,1324,1923,1948]" pageId="5" pageNumber="328" type="generic">
2
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD3855E7953F844FA94F830" bold="true" box="[1303,1324,1923,1948]" pageId="5" pageNumber="328">♂</emphasis>
</specimenCount>
, 2
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD3855E790FF844FAD0F830" bold="true" box="[1355,1384,1923,1948]" pageId="5" pageNumber="328">♀,</emphasis>
CP: Totoró, La Horqueta,
<quantity id="4CB79B18FFD3855E7DCEF86FFE5AF813" box="[394,482,1960,1984]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="5" pageNumber="328" unit="m" value="2700.0">2700 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFF1103DFFD3855E7DAAF860FDC8F86C" box="[494,624,1959,1984]" pageId="5" pageNumber="328" value="2011-06-01">01/06/2011</date>
,
<date id="FFF1103DFFD3855E7E3EF860FD46F86C" box="[634,766,1959,1984]" pageId="5" pageNumber="328" value="2013-04-26">26/04/2013</date>
;
<specimenCount id="9D49FD74FFD3855E7F4DF86FFC94F86C" box="[777,812,1959,1984]" pageId="5" pageNumber="328" type="generic">
1
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD3855E7F53F860FC94F86C" bold="true" box="[791,812,1959,1984]" pageId="5" pageNumber="328">♂</emphasis>
</specimenCount>
, CP: Sant/der. de Quilichao, Los tigres,
<quantity id="4CB79B18FFD3855E78B5F860FAF0F813" box="[1265,1352,1959,1984]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="328" unit="m" value="2500.0">2500 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFF1103DFFD3855E7910F860FF6AF848" pageId="5" pageNumber="328" value="2009-09-15">15/09/ 2009</date>
, C. Prieto;
<specimenCount id="9D49FD74FFD3855E7D14F80BFECBF848" box="[336,371,1995,2020]" pageId="5" pageNumber="328" type="generic">
1
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD3855E7D1AF80CFECBF848" bold="true" box="[350,371,1995,2020]" pageId="5" pageNumber="328">♂</emphasis>
</specimenCount>
, 3
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD3855E7DD4F80CFE14F848" bold="true" box="[400,428,1995,2020]" pageId="5" pageNumber="328">♀,</emphasis>
CP: PNN Munchique, La Romelia,
<quantity id="4CB79B18FFD3855E7F00F80CFC23F84F" box="[836,923,1995,2020]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" pageId="5" pageNumber="328" unit="m" value="2750.0">2750 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFF1103DFFD3855E7FECF80CFB92F848" box="[936,1066,1995,2020]" pageId="5" pageNumber="328" value="2005-09-19">19/09/2005</date>
,
<date id="FFF1103DFFD3855E7872F80CFB00F848" box="[1078,1208,1995,2020]" pageId="5" pageNumber="328" value="2006-06-12">12/06/2006</date>
, C. Prieto.
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD3855E7972F80CFA24F848" bold="true" box="[1334,1436,1995,2020]" pageId="5" pageNumber="328">VALLE:</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D49FD74FFD0855D7CD3FF5FFF02FF1C" box="[151,186,151,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="329" type="generic">
1
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD0855D7CE1FF50FF02FF1C" bold="true" box="[165,186,151,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="329">♂</emphasis>
</specimenCount>
, CP: PNN Farallones, Pico de Loro,
<quantity id="4CB79B18FFD0855D7E18FF5FFD0BFF03" box="[604,691,152,176]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="329" unit="m" value="2800.0">2800 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFF1103DFFD0855D7EFBFF5FFCF9FF1C" box="[703,833,152,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="329" value="2008-12-13">13/12/2008</date>
, C. Prieto.
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD0855D7F84FF50FBD6FF1C" bold="true" box="[960,1134,151,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="329">ANTIOQUIA:</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D49FD74FFD0855D7831FF5FFB20FF1C" box="[1141,1176,151,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="329" type="generic">
9
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD0855D78C7FF50FB20FF1C" bold="true" box="[1155,1176,151,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="329">♂</emphasis>
</specimenCount>
, 1
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD0855D78F8FF50FB60FF1C" bold="true" box="[1212,1240,151,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="329">♀,</emphasis>
CP: Yarumal, La Marconia,
<quantity id="4CB79B18FFD0855D7D54FF7BFEDFFF78" box="[272,359,188,212]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="6" pageNumber="329" unit="m" value="2700.0">2700 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFF1103DFFD0855D7D37FF7BFDA7FF79" box="[371,543,188,213]" pageId="6" pageNumber="329" value="2015-07-27" valueMax="2015-07-28" valueMin="2015-07-27">
27
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD0855D7DCBFF7BFE25FF79" bold="true" box="[399,413,188,213]" pageId="6" pageNumber="329">–</emphasis>
28/07/2015
</date>
, C. Prieto; 1
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD0855D7EE8FF7BFD70FF79" bold="true" box="[684,712,188,213]" pageId="6" pageNumber="329">♀,</emphasis>
CP: Santa Rosa de Osos, Llanos de Cuiva,
<quantity id="4CB79B18FFD0855D78F6FF7BFAB1FF78" box="[1202,1289,188,212]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="329" unit="m" value="3000.0">3000 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFF1103DFFD0855D7952FF7BFA20FF78" box="[1302,1432,188,212]" pageId="6" pageNumber="329" value="2009-07-09">09/07/2009</date>
, C. Prieto.
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD0855D7D4CFF18FE30FF54" bold="true" box="[264,392,223,248]" pageId="6" pageNumber="329">BOYACA:</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D49FD74FFD0855D7DCBFF27FE0AFF54" box="[399,434,223,248]" pageId="6" pageNumber="329" type="generic">
1
<emphasis id="B93BEAEFFFD0855D7DD9FF18FE0AFF54" bold="true" box="[413,434,223,248]" pageId="6" pageNumber="329">♂</emphasis>
</specimenCount>
, CP: Villadeleyva, PNN Iguaque,
<quantity id="4CB79B18FFD0855D7F70FF18FC33FF5B" box="[820,907,223,248]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.95" pageId="6" pageNumber="329" unit="m" value="2950.0">2950 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFF1103DFFD0855D7FD3FF18FBA1FF54" box="[919,1049,223,248]" pageId="6" pageNumber="329" value="2006-08-31">31/08/2006</date>
, C. Prieto.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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