279 lines
38 KiB
XML
279 lines
38 KiB
XML
<document id="311FB6EA86CF472100038558F7C13C12" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629785697969" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Busato, Enrico" docDate="2012" docId="03CB9722FFBF3C73FF6B63EBE992F99D" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03361p017.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3361" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Cychrus Fabricius 1794" docType="key" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="15" masterDocId="FFF2EF5AFFB13C7DFFFC637CEC0EFFDF" masterDocTitle="semigranosus Palliardi, 1825, with a key to the larvae of the European Cychrus species (Coleoptera: Carabidae)" masterLastPageNumber="17" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="15" updateTime="1699111753839" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="A4691D73ABAD0E2CAF0EBBA04736898B">semigranosus Palliardi, 1825, with a key to the larvae of the European Cychrus species (Coleoptera: Carabidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4D6CF021A35F3C9E1642FF3BA795FF67">Busato, Enrico</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="F934881673C51A720B244228B5601C9F">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="6DCF32427CAF2C9D551383C44F2D2364">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="0797FD8B0E39D6FC913E634E2F94239B">
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<mods:date id="8C1F6BA7F645562310597D8485CDC3A9">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="09133193FDB0A6E94EE1366E9559F103">2012-06-29</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="CD66D37B29236F64DE2B65AD3818E0BA">3361</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="21591081A03145A6E90056FC294213EA" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03CB9722FFBF3C73FF6B63EBE992F99D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5253508" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5253508" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CB9722FFBF3C73FF6B63EBE992F99D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CB9722FFBF3C73FF6B63EBE992F99D" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<subSubSection id="C37875BFFFBF3C73FF6B63EBE854FF6E" box="[151,1114,151,177]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BDD2634FFBF3C73FF6B63EBE854FF6E" blockId="14.[151,1114,151,177]" box="[151,1114,151,177]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<heading id="D0959158FFBF3C73FF6B63EBE854FF6E" bold="true" box="[151,1114,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B916FA26FFBF3C73FF6B63EBE854FF6E" bold="true" box="[151,1114,151,177]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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Key for the identification of larvae of European species of the genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C625DB7FFBF3C73FC1763EBE85EFF6E" ID-CoL="8KVP2" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1794" box="[1003,1104,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Cychrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B916FA26FFBF3C73FC1763EBE85EFF6E" bold="true" box="[1003,1104,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Cychrus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37875BFFFBF3C73FF6B63A2E992F99D" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="key">
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<keyStep id="30963E91FFBF3C73FF6B63A2E992FDC7" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<paragraph id="8BDD2634FFBF3C73FF6B63A2E992FEB7" blockId="14.[151,1437,222,1602]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<keyLead id="30938501FFBF3C73FF6B63A2E992FEB7" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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1.
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<emphasis id="B916FA26FFBF3C73FF1D63A2EDA9FF2C" box="[225,423,222,243]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Frontoclypeolabrum</emphasis>
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with very prominent lateral lobes outside and forwards, which are markedly distinct from the median lobe; in the lateral view it is flattened in the proximal area, and markedly thickened in the distal area. Approximately along the middle of its length, it forms a convexity that gently slopes down distally and laterally, finally forming two distinctly slanted folds in the insertion areas of the lateral lobes, at the sides of the median lobe. The latter, in the lateral view, is prominent and almost of the same thickness as the median convexity (
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<figureCitation id="13593AB1FFBF3C73FD0C622FEF36FEB7" box="[752,824,339,360]" captionStart="FIGURES 31—39" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1747,1770]" captionTargetBox="[295,1314,506,1727]" captionTargetId="figure-211@13.[286,1314,488,1740]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 31—39. Main characters for the identification of larvae of European species of the genus Cychrus. First typology of frontoclypeolabrum (attenuatus, caraboides, cordicollis and spinicollis groups) (31); second typology of frontoclypeolabrum (angustatus, schmidti groups) (32); pattern of abdominal sclerites, in ventral view, in Cychrus of the spinicollis group (33); pattern of abdominal sclerites, in ventral view, in Cychrus of the angustatus, attenuatus, caraboides, cordicollis and schmidti groups (34); anterior margin of frontoclypeolabrum in Cychrus of the attenuatus group (35); frontoclypeolabrum of Cychrus cylindricollis (36); right mandible, in dorsal view, of Cychrus spinicollis (from Cardenas et al., 2003, modified) (37); frontoclypeolabrum of Cychrus caraboides (38); frontoclypeolabrum of Cychrus italicus (39)." pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
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).................................................. 2
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDD2634FFBF3C73FF6B620DE992FDC7" blockId="14.[151,1437,222,1602]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<keyLead id="30938501FFBF3C73FF6B620DE992FDC7" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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—.
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<emphasis id="B916FA26FFBF3C73FF1D620DEDA9FE59" box="[225,423,369,390]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Frontoclypeolabrum</emphasis>
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with non-prominent lateral lobes, flattened, scarcely distinguishable from the median lobe. In the lateral view the three lobes almost lie on the same level and almost form a single level, obliquely oriented towards the proximal area of the
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<emphasis id="B916FA26FFBF3C73FEDC62D0EDD3FE1E" box="[288,477,428,449]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">frontoclypeolabrum</emphasis>
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. In the lateral view the proximal area shows a marked convexity, which is the thickest point of the
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<emphasis id="B916FA26FFBF3C73FF1D62B5ED91FE01" box="[225,415,457,478]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">frontoclypeolabrum</emphasis>
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. It gently slopes down towards the distal area, forming a fold approximately perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the
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<emphasis id="B916FA26FFBF3C73FE7E629AEE31FE24" box="[386,575,486,507]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">frontoclypeolabrum</emphasis>
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, in the proximal area of the median lobe and at the points where the lateral lobes fit (
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<figureCitation id="13593AB1FFBF3C73FA89629AECF4FDC7" captionStart="FIGURES 31—39" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1747,1770]" captionTargetBox="[295,1314,506,1727]" captionTargetId="figure-211@13.[286,1314,488,1740]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 31—39. Main characters for the identification of larvae of European species of the genus Cychrus. First typology of frontoclypeolabrum (attenuatus, caraboides, cordicollis and spinicollis groups) (31); second typology of frontoclypeolabrum (angustatus, schmidti groups) (32); pattern of abdominal sclerites, in ventral view, in Cychrus of the spinicollis group (33); pattern of abdominal sclerites, in ventral view, in Cychrus of the angustatus, attenuatus, caraboides, cordicollis and schmidti groups (34); anterior margin of frontoclypeolabrum in Cychrus of the attenuatus group (35); frontoclypeolabrum of Cychrus cylindricollis (36); right mandible, in dorsal view, of Cychrus spinicollis (from Cardenas et al., 2003, modified) (37); frontoclypeolabrum of Cychrus caraboides (38); frontoclypeolabrum of Cychrus italicus (39)." pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 32</figureCitation>
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)................................................................................................. 5
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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</keyStep>
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<keyStep id="30963E91FFBF3C73FF6B615EE992FC9E" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<paragraph id="8BDD2634FFBF3C73FF6B615EE992FD50" blockId="14.[151,1437,222,1602]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<keyLead id="30938501FFBF3C73FF6B615EE992FD50" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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2. Sternal area of segments I–III made up of five sclerites. Median and inner sternites fused into a single central sclerite. The central sclerite and the outer sternites fuse together, starting from segment IV and forming a new central sclerite with a clear median fusion line. In segment IX they are completely merged together and only two central sclerites are fused in the visible median line. General appearance is extremely squat (
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<figureCitation id="13593AB1FFBF3C73FD216106EF2AFD50" box="[733,804,634,655]" captionStart="FIGURES 31—39" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1747,1770]" captionTargetBox="[295,1314,506,1727]" captionTargetId="figure-211@13.[286,1314,488,1740]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 31—39. Main characters for the identification of larvae of European species of the genus Cychrus. First typology of frontoclypeolabrum (attenuatus, caraboides, cordicollis and spinicollis groups) (31); second typology of frontoclypeolabrum (angustatus, schmidti groups) (32); pattern of abdominal sclerites, in ventral view, in Cychrus of the spinicollis group (33); pattern of abdominal sclerites, in ventral view, in Cychrus of the angustatus, attenuatus, caraboides, cordicollis and schmidti groups (34); anterior margin of frontoclypeolabrum in Cychrus of the attenuatus group (35); frontoclypeolabrum of Cychrus cylindricollis (36); right mandible, in dorsal view, of Cychrus spinicollis (from Cardenas et al., 2003, modified) (37); frontoclypeolabrum of Cychrus caraboides (38); frontoclypeolabrum of Cychrus italicus (39)." pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
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)................................. (
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<emphasis id="B916FA26FFBF3C73FB3F6106E964FD50" bold="true" box="[1219,1386,634,655]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<taxonomicName id="4C625DB7FFBF3C73FB3F6106E929FD50" ID-CoL="32SHC" authorityName="L. Dufour" authorityYear="1857" box="[1219,1319,634,655]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Cychrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinicollis">
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<emphasis id="B916FA26FFBF3C73FB3F6106E929FD50" bold="true" box="[1219,1319,634,655]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">spinicollis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group
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</emphasis>
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) 6
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDD2634FFBF3C73FF6B61E4E992FC9E" blockId="14.[151,1437,222,1602]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<keyLead id="30938501FFBF3C73FF6B61E4E992FC9E" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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||
—. Sternal area of segments II–VI made up of eight sclerites. Sometimes, in the first four segments, the inner sternite is formed by two distinct sclerites. The median sternite, which is narrow and long and much larger than the others, is placed horizontally on the inner sternite, which is almost of the same size. In segment VII the median and the inner sternites merge together to form a single central sclerite that also includes the outer sternites, showing the median fusion line. In urite VIII, the hypopleurites are merged with the central sclerite and the total number of abdominal sclerites is reduced to three. In segment IX the merging of all abdominal sclerites is complete (
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<figureCitation id="13593AB1FFBF3C73FDC66050EE8CFC9E" box="[570,642,812,833]" captionStart="FIGURES 31—39" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1747,1770]" captionTargetBox="[295,1314,506,1727]" captionTargetId="figure-211@13.[286,1314,488,1740]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 31—39. Main characters for the identification of larvae of European species of the genus Cychrus. First typology of frontoclypeolabrum (attenuatus, caraboides, cordicollis and spinicollis groups) (31); second typology of frontoclypeolabrum (angustatus, schmidti groups) (32); pattern of abdominal sclerites, in ventral view, in Cychrus of the spinicollis group (33); pattern of abdominal sclerites, in ventral view, in Cychrus of the angustatus, attenuatus, caraboides, cordicollis and schmidti groups (34); anterior margin of frontoclypeolabrum in Cychrus of the attenuatus group (35); frontoclypeolabrum of Cychrus cylindricollis (36); right mandible, in dorsal view, of Cychrus spinicollis (from Cardenas et al., 2003, modified) (37); frontoclypeolabrum of Cychrus caraboides (38); frontoclypeolabrum of Cychrus italicus (39)." pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 34</figureCitation>
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)................................................................. 3
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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</keyStep>
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<keyStep id="30963E91FFBF3C73FF6B6035E998FC0A" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<paragraph id="8BDD2634FFBF3C73FF6B6035E992FC45" blockId="14.[151,1437,222,1602]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<keyLead id="30938501FFBF3C73FF6B6035E992FC45" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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3. Head large, subquadrate.
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<emphasis id="B916FA26FFBF3C73FE296035EE94FC81" box="[469,666,841,862]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Frontoclypeolabrum</emphasis>
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is as large as it is long, or slightly longer than it is large. Metathoracic legs with short tibiae and short tarsi (ratio t/C: 0.38–0.42; ratio ta/C: 0.54–0.61). General appearance is extremely squat...............................................................................................(
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<emphasis id="B916FA26FFBF3C73FB4060F9E964FC45" bold="true" box="[1212,1386,901,922]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<taxonomicName id="4C625DB7FFBF3C73FB4060F9E929FC45" ID-CoL="6C4FV" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1212,1319,901,922]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Cychrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caraboides">
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<emphasis id="B916FA26FFBF3C73FB4060F9E929FC45" bold="true" box="[1212,1319,901,922]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">caraboides</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group
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</emphasis>
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) 7
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDD2634FFBF3C73FF6B60DEE998FC0A" blockId="14.[151,1437,222,1602]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<keyLead id="30938501FFBF3C73FF6B60DEE998FC0A" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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—. Head subrectangular.
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<emphasis id="B916FA26FFBF3C73FE4960DEEE74FC68" box="[437,634,930,951]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Frontoclypeolabrum</emphasis>
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clearly longer than it is wide, subrectangular. Metathoracic legs with moderately long tibiae and long tarsi (ratio t/C: 0.45–0.58; ratio ta/C: 0.59–0.83). General appearance is slim..................... 4
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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||
</keyStep>
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||
<keyStep id="30963E91FFBF3C73FF6B60A2E992FB7A" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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||
<paragraph id="8BDD2634FFBF3C73FF6B60A2E992FB93" blockId="14.[151,1437,222,1602]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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||
<keyLead id="30938501FFBF3C73FF6B60A2E992FB93" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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4. Median lobe of the
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<emphasis id="B916FA26FFBF3C73FE6660A2EE56FC2C" box="[410,600,990,1011]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">frontoclypeolabrum</emphasis>
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is rounded and barely sketched, flattened in the dorsal view, at the same level of the lateral lobes or slightly lower (
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<figureCitation id="13593AB1FFBF3C73FE116080EE3DFBCE" box="[493,563,1020,1041]" captionStart="FIGURES 31—39" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1747,1770]" captionTargetBox="[295,1314,506,1727]" captionTargetId="figure-211@13.[286,1314,488,1740]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 31—39. Main characters for the identification of larvae of European species of the genus Cychrus. First typology of frontoclypeolabrum (attenuatus, caraboides, cordicollis and spinicollis groups) (31); second typology of frontoclypeolabrum (angustatus, schmidti groups) (32); pattern of abdominal sclerites, in ventral view, in Cychrus of the spinicollis group (33); pattern of abdominal sclerites, in ventral view, in Cychrus of the angustatus, attenuatus, caraboides, cordicollis and schmidti groups (34); anterior margin of frontoclypeolabrum in Cychrus of the attenuatus group (35); frontoclypeolabrum of Cychrus cylindricollis (36); right mandible, in dorsal view, of Cychrus spinicollis (from Cardenas et al., 2003, modified) (37); frontoclypeolabrum of Cychrus caraboides (38); frontoclypeolabrum of Cychrus italicus (39)." pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
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). In the first instar larvae the
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<emphasis id="B916FA26FFBF3C73FCB06080EFA2FBCE" box="[844,940,1020,1041]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">ruptor ovi</emphasis>
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is formed by two spinulae, on each side of the
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<emphasis id="B916FA26FFBF3C73FA916080ED79FBF0" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">frontoclypeolabrum</emphasis>
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||
, vertically arranged, one anteriorly the other. Metathoracic legs with very long tarsi (ratio ta/C: 0.73–0.83)............................................................................ (
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<emphasis id="B916FA26FFBF3C73FBA6674BE99DFB93" bold="true" box="[1114,1427,1079,1100]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C625DB7FFBF3C73FBA6674BE8CEFB93" ID-CoL="32SB5" authorityName="Chaudoir" authorityYear="1835" box="[1114,1216,1079,1100]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Cychrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cordicollis">
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||
<emphasis id="B916FA26FFBF3C73FBA6674BE8CEFB93" bold="true" box="[1114,1216,1079,1100]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">cordicollis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group:
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<taxonomicName id="4C625DB7FFBF3C73FAED674BE99DFB93" ID-CoL="32SB5" authorityName="Chaudoir" authorityYear="1835" box="[1297,1427,1079,1100]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Cychrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cordicollis">
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<emphasis id="B916FA26FFBF3C73FAED674BE99DFB93" bold="true" box="[1297,1427,1079,1100]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">C. cordicollis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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)
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDD2634FFBF3C73FF6B6729E992FB7A" blockId="14.[151,1437,222,1602]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<keyLead id="30938501FFBF3C73FF6B6729E992FB7A" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
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—. Median lobe of the
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<emphasis id="B916FA26FFBF3C73FE626729EE52FBB5" box="[414,604,1109,1130]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">frontoclypeolabrum</emphasis>
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||
is prominent, as wide as the lateral lobes, and is slightly more prominent in the dorsal view than the lateral lobes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13593AB1FFBF3C73FE13670EEE36FB58" box="[495,568,1138,1159]" captionStart="FIGURES 31—39" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1747,1770]" captionTargetBox="[295,1314,506,1727]" captionTargetId="figure-211@13.[286,1314,488,1740]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 31—39. Main characters for the identification of larvae of European species of the genus Cychrus. First typology of frontoclypeolabrum (attenuatus, caraboides, cordicollis and spinicollis groups) (31); second typology of frontoclypeolabrum (angustatus, schmidti groups) (32); pattern of abdominal sclerites, in ventral view, in Cychrus of the spinicollis group (33); pattern of abdominal sclerites, in ventral view, in Cychrus of the angustatus, attenuatus, caraboides, cordicollis and schmidti groups (34); anterior margin of frontoclypeolabrum in Cychrus of the attenuatus group (35); frontoclypeolabrum of Cychrus cylindricollis (36); right mandible, in dorsal view, of Cychrus spinicollis (from Cardenas et al., 2003, modified) (37); frontoclypeolabrum of Cychrus caraboides (38); frontoclypeolabrum of Cychrus italicus (39)." pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 35</figureCitation>
|
||
). In the first instar larvae the
|
||
<emphasis id="B916FA26FFBF3C73FCA6670EEFB5FB58" box="[858,955,1138,1159]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">ruptor ovi</emphasis>
|
||
is formed by a single spinula on each side of the
|
||
<emphasis id="B916FA26FFBF3C73FF1D67EDED91FB79" box="[225,415,1169,1190]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">frontoclypeolabrum</emphasis>
|
||
. Metathoracic legs with moderately long tarsi (ratio: ta/C: 0.59–0.63).......... (
|
||
<emphasis id="B916FA26FFBF3C73FB4367ECE964FB7A" bold="true" box="[1215,1386,1168,1189]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C625DB7FFBF3C73FB4367ECE929FB7A" ID-CoL="32S9Y" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1792" box="[1215,1319,1168,1189]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Cychrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="attenuatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916FA26FFBF3C73FB4367ECE929FB7A" bold="true" box="[1215,1319,1168,1189]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">attenuatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
) 8
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30963E91FFBF3C73FF6B67D3E992FAE5" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDD2634FFBF3C73FF6B67D3E998FB3D" blockId="14.[151,1437,222,1602]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<keyLead id="30938501FFBF3C73FF6B67D3E998FB3D" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
5. External margin of tergites has four to five long setae that give the larva a hairy appearance (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13593AB1FFBF3C73FBAF67D3E8A0FB1B" box="[1107,1198,1199,1220]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–2" captionStartId="3.[151,263,1738,1761]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,305,1709]" captionTargetId="figure-208@3.[151,1436,301,1717]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–2. Third instar larva of Cychrus schmidti: habitus; dorsal (1) and ventral (2) views (scale: 1 mm)." pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figs. 1, 2</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13593AB1FFBF3C73FB4467D3E8F8FB1B" box="[1208,1270,1199,1220]" captionStart="FIGURES 13–16" captionStartId="6.[151,263,1309,1332]" captionTargetBox="[185,1411,192,1258]" captionTargetId="figure-289@6.[151,1436,145,1288]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 13–16. First instar larva of Cychrus schmidti: thoracic tergites (13); urotergites IV–VI (14); urotergites VIII and IX (15); left metathoracic leg in ventral view (16) (scale: 1 mm)." pageId="14" pageNumber="15">13–15</figureCitation>
|
||
). The urogomphi have moderately short setae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13593AB1FFBF3C73FE0567B1EE4EFB3D" box="[505,576,1229,1250]" captionStart="FIGURES 13–16" captionStartId="6.[151,263,1309,1332]" captionTargetBox="[185,1411,192,1258]" captionTargetId="figure-289@6.[151,1436,145,1288]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 13–16. First instar larva of Cychrus schmidti: thoracic tergites (13); urotergites IV–VI (14); urotergites VIII and IX (15); left metathoracic leg in ventral view (16) (scale: 1 mm)." pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
)............................................ (
|
||
<emphasis id="B916FA26FFBF3C73FB8667B1E983FB3D" bold="true" box="[1146,1421,1229,1250]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C625DB7FFBF3C73FB8667B1E8C3FB3D" ID-CoL="8MGGB" authorityName="Chaudoir" authorityYear="1837" box="[1146,1229,1229,1250]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Cychrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schmidti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916FA26FFBF3C73FB8667B1E8C3FB3D" bold="true" box="[1146,1229,1229,1250]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">schmidti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C625DB7FFBF3C73FAE267B1E983FB3D" ID-CoL="8MGGB" authorityName="Chaudoir" authorityYear="1837" box="[1310,1421,1229,1250]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Cychrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schmidti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916FA26FFBF3C73FAE267B1E983FB3D" bold="true" box="[1310,1421,1229,1250]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">C. schmidti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDD2634FFBF3C73FF6B6796E992FAE5" blockId="14.[151,1437,222,1602]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<keyLead id="30938501FFBF3C73FF6B6796E992FAE5" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
—. External margins of tergites without long setae. The urogomphi have very short setae. [Body shape markedly weak and stretched with the first thoracic segment much longer than usual. Lateral lobes of
|
||
<emphasis id="B916FA26FFBF3C73FBE16674E8D5FAC2" box="[1053,1243,1288,1309]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">frontoclypeolabrum</emphasis>
|
||
with back margins almost parallel to the longitudinal axis of the head (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13593AB1FFBF3C73FD326659EF19FAE5" box="[718,791,1317,1338]" captionStart="FIGURES 31—39" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1747,1770]" captionTargetBox="[295,1314,506,1727]" captionTargetId="figure-211@13.[286,1314,488,1740]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 31—39. Main characters for the identification of larvae of European species of the genus Cychrus. First typology of frontoclypeolabrum (attenuatus, caraboides, cordicollis and spinicollis groups) (31); second typology of frontoclypeolabrum (angustatus, schmidti groups) (32); pattern of abdominal sclerites, in ventral view, in Cychrus of the spinicollis group (33); pattern of abdominal sclerites, in ventral view, in Cychrus of the angustatus, attenuatus, caraboides, cordicollis and schmidti groups (34); anterior margin of frontoclypeolabrum in Cychrus of the attenuatus group (35); frontoclypeolabrum of Cychrus cylindricollis (36); right mandible, in dorsal view, of Cychrus spinicollis (from Cardenas et al., 2003, modified) (37); frontoclypeolabrum of Cychrus caraboides (38); frontoclypeolabrum of Cychrus italicus (39)." pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 36</figureCitation>
|
||
)]....................... (
|
||
<emphasis id="B916FA26FFBF3C73FBC06659E99DFAE5" bold="true" box="[1084,1427,1317,1338]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C625DB7FFBF3C73FBC06659E8A9FAE5" ID-CoL="32S9N" authorityName="Hoppe and Hornschuch" authorityYear="1825" box="[1084,1191,1317,1338]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Cychrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angustatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916FA26FFBF3C73FBC06659E8A9FAE5" bold="true" box="[1084,1191,1317,1338]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">angustatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C625DB7FFBF3C73FB046659E99DFAE5" ID-CoL="32SBD" authorityName="Pini" authorityYear="1871" box="[1272,1427,1317,1338]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Cychrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cylindricollis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916FA26FFBF3C73FB046659E99DFAE5" bold="true" box="[1272,1427,1317,1338]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">C. cylindricollis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30963E91FFBF3C73FF6B663EE992FAAB" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDD2634FFBF3C73FF6B663EE992FA88" blockId="14.[151,1437,222,1602]" box="[151,1436,1346,1367]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<keyLead id="30938501FFBF3C73FF6B663EE992FA88" box="[151,1436,1346,1367]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
6. Mandibular internal margin all finely indented (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13593AB1FFBF3C73FD4D663EEEF4FA88" box="[689,762,1346,1367]" captionStart="FIGURES 31—39" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1747,1770]" captionTargetBox="[295,1314,506,1727]" captionTargetId="figure-211@13.[286,1314,488,1740]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 31—39. Main characters for the identification of larvae of European species of the genus Cychrus. First typology of frontoclypeolabrum (attenuatus, caraboides, cordicollis and spinicollis groups) (31); second typology of frontoclypeolabrum (angustatus, schmidti groups) (32); pattern of abdominal sclerites, in ventral view, in Cychrus of the spinicollis group (33); pattern of abdominal sclerites, in ventral view, in Cychrus of the angustatus, attenuatus, caraboides, cordicollis and schmidti groups (34); anterior margin of frontoclypeolabrum in Cychrus of the attenuatus group (35); frontoclypeolabrum of Cychrus cylindricollis (36); right mandible, in dorsal view, of Cychrus spinicollis (from Cardenas et al., 2003, modified) (37); frontoclypeolabrum of Cychrus caraboides (38); frontoclypeolabrum of Cychrus italicus (39)." pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
|
||
).............................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C625DB7FFBF3C73FAE0663EE992FA88" ID-CoL="32SHC" authorityName="L. Dufour" authorityYear="1857" box="[1308,1436,1346,1367]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Cychrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinicollis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916FA26FFBF3C73FAE0663EE992FA88" bold="true" box="[1308,1436,1346,1367]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">C. spinicollis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDD2634FFBF3C73FF6B6623E992FAAB" blockId="14.[151,1437,222,1602]" box="[151,1436,1375,1396]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<keyLead id="30938501FFBF3C73FF6B6623E992FAAB" box="[151,1436,1375,1396]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
—. Mandibular internal margin smooth................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C625DB7FFBF3C73FAC96623E992FAAB" ID-CoL="32SBS" authorityName="Chaudoir" authorityYear="1869" box="[1333,1436,1375,1396]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Cychrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dufouri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916FA26FFBF3C73FAC96623E992FAAB" bold="true" box="[1333,1436,1375,1396]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">C. dufouri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30963E91FFBF3C73FF6B6601E995F9D8" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDD2634FFBF3C73FF6B6601E995FA13" blockId="14.[151,1437,222,1602]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<keyLead id="30938501FFBF3C73FF6B6601E995FA13" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
7.
|
||
<emphasis id="B916FA26FFBF3C73FF1D6601EDA9FA4D" box="[225,423,1405,1426]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Frontoclypeolabrum</emphasis>
|
||
slightly longer than large, bulging in the proximal area, has a maximum width both next to the lateral lobes of the anterior margin and at the middle of its length. Median lobe prominent, conical with a beveled tip, a little bit wider than a lateral lobe (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13593AB1FFBF3C73FE6566CBEDEFFA13" box="[409,481,1463,1484]" captionStart="FIGURES 31—39" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1747,1770]" captionTargetBox="[295,1314,506,1727]" captionTargetId="figure-211@13.[286,1314,488,1740]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 31—39. Main characters for the identification of larvae of European species of the genus Cychrus. First typology of frontoclypeolabrum (attenuatus, caraboides, cordicollis and spinicollis groups) (31); second typology of frontoclypeolabrum (angustatus, schmidti groups) (32); pattern of abdominal sclerites, in ventral view, in Cychrus of the spinicollis group (33); pattern of abdominal sclerites, in ventral view, in Cychrus of the angustatus, attenuatus, caraboides, cordicollis and schmidti groups (34); anterior margin of frontoclypeolabrum in Cychrus of the attenuatus group (35); frontoclypeolabrum of Cychrus cylindricollis (36); right mandible, in dorsal view, of Cychrus spinicollis (from Cardenas et al., 2003, modified) (37); frontoclypeolabrum of Cychrus caraboides (38); frontoclypeolabrum of Cychrus italicus (39)." pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 38</figureCitation>
|
||
)....................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C625DB7FFBF3C73FAEE66CBE995FA13" ID-CoL="6C4FV" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1298,1435,1463,1484]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Cychrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caraboides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916FA26FFBF3C73FAEE66CBE995FA13" bold="true" box="[1298,1435,1463,1484]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">C. caraboides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDD2634FFBF3C73FF6B66A9E995F9D8" blockId="14.[151,1437,222,1602]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<keyLead id="30938501FFBF3C73FF6B66A9E995F9D8" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
—.
|
||
<emphasis id="B916FA26FFBF3C73FF1D66A9EDA9FA35" box="[225,423,1493,1514]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Frontoclypeolabrum</emphasis>
|
||
as large as it is long, with its maximum width next to the lateral lobes of the anterior margin. Median lobe much wider than a lateral lobe (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13593AB1FFBF3C73FDED668EEE57F9D8" box="[529,601,1522,1543]" captionStart="FIGURES 31—39" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1747,1770]" captionTargetBox="[295,1314,506,1727]" captionTargetId="figure-211@13.[286,1314,488,1740]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 31—39. Main characters for the identification of larvae of European species of the genus Cychrus. First typology of frontoclypeolabrum (attenuatus, caraboides, cordicollis and spinicollis groups) (31); second typology of frontoclypeolabrum (angustatus, schmidti groups) (32); pattern of abdominal sclerites, in ventral view, in Cychrus of the spinicollis group (33); pattern of abdominal sclerites, in ventral view, in Cychrus of the angustatus, attenuatus, caraboides, cordicollis and schmidti groups (34); anterior margin of frontoclypeolabrum in Cychrus of the attenuatus group (35); frontoclypeolabrum of Cychrus cylindricollis (36); right mandible, in dorsal view, of Cychrus spinicollis (from Cardenas et al., 2003, modified) (37); frontoclypeolabrum of Cychrus caraboides (38); frontoclypeolabrum of Cychrus italicus (39)." pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 39</figureCitation>
|
||
).............................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C625DB7FFBF3C73FACA668EE995F9D8" ID-CoL="32SD3" authorityName="Bonelli" authorityYear="1810" box="[1334,1435,1522,1543]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Cychrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="italicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916FA26FFBF3C73FACA668EE995F9D8" bold="true" box="[1334,1435,1522,1543]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">C. italicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30963E91FFBF3C73FF6B6573E992F99D" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDD2634FFBF3C73FF6B6573E992F9FB" blockId="14.[151,1437,222,1602]" box="[151,1436,1551,1573]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<keyLead id="30938501FFBF3C73FF6B6573E992F9FB" box="[151,1436,1551,1573]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
8. Mandibular internal margin smooth..............................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C625DB7FFBF3C73FAE4656CE992F9FB" ID-CoL="32S9Y" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1792" box="[1304,1436,1551,1573]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Cychrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="attenuatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916FA26FFBF3C73FAE4656CE992F9FB" box="[1304,1436,1551,1573]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
C.
|
||
<emphasis id="B916FA26FFBF3C73FAC86573E992F9FB" bold="true" box="[1332,1436,1551,1572]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">attenuatus</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDD2634FFBF3C73FF6B6551E992F99D" blockId="14.[151,1437,222,1602]" box="[151,1436,1581,1602]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<keyLead id="30938501FFBF3C73FF6B6551E992F99D" box="[151,1436,1581,1602]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
—. Mandibular internal margin denticulate, lying at around 1/3 the length of the mandible (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13593AB1FFBF3C73FBD56551E87FF99D" box="[1065,1137,1581,1602]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–23" captionStartId="7.[151,263,1950,1973]" captionTargetBox="[163,1414,334,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-129@7.[151,1436,322,1926]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 17–23. First instar larva of Cychrus semigranosus: dorsal view of head (17); dorsal view of right antenna (18); dorsal view of left mandible (19); right maxilla in dorsal (20) and ventral (21) views; labium in dorsal (22) and ventral (23) views (scale: 1 mm)." pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||
)............
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C625DB7FFBF3C73FAFD6551E992F99D" box="[1281,1436,1581,1602]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Cychrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="semigranosu">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916FA26FFBF3C73FAFD6551E992F99D" bold="true" box="[1281,1436,1581,1602]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">C. semigranosu</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |