169 lines
27 KiB
XML
169 lines
27 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="597DD952ED3FE6EB64E399543DB6BFD9">The genital area of Halacaridae (Acari), life stages and development of morphological characters and implication on the classification</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03C887E5FFF4FF8DFF12A787FC0DFB45" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5696538" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119596717" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5696538" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C887E5FFF4FF8DFF12A787FC0DFB45" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C887E5FFF4FF8DFF12A787FC0DFB45" lastPageNumber="232" pageId="31" pageNumber="232">
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<paragraph id="8BDE36F3FFF4FF8DFF12A787FDFDFF34" blockId="31.[151,533,152,211]" box="[151,533,152,178]" pageId="31" pageNumber="232">
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<heading id="D096819FFFF4FF8DFF12A787FDFDFF34" bold="true" box="[151,533,152,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="232" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C614D70FFF4FF8DFF12A787FDFDFF34" authority="Packard, 1871" authorityName="Packard" authorityYear="1871" box="[151,533,152,178]" class="Arachnida" family="Halacaridae" genus="Thalassarachna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="31" pageNumber="232" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B915EAE1FFF4FF8DFF12A787FDFDFF34" bold="true" box="[151,533,152,178]" pageId="31" pageNumber="232">
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<emphasis id="B915EAE1FFF4FF8DFF12A787FEB3FF34" bold="true" box="[151,347,152,178]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="232">Thalassarachna</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B02FFF4FF8DFEE7A787FDFDFF34" author="Packard" box="[354,533,152,178]" pageId="31" pageNumber="232" refString="Packard, A. C. (1871) On insects inhabiting salt water. American Journal of Science, 3, 100 - 110. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2475 / ajs. s 3 - 1.2.100" type="journal article" year="1871">Packard, 1871</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDE36F3FFF4FF8DFF12A7A5FECFFF55" blockId="31.[151,533,152,211]" box="[151,295,186,211]" pageId="31" pageNumber="232">
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(
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<figureCitation id="135A2A76FFF4FF8DFF1AA7A5FF1CFF55" box="[159,244,186,211]" captionStart="FIGURES 76 – 80" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1294,1316]" captionTargetBox="[169,1417,212,1254]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[151,1436,193,1273]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 76 – 80. Thalassarachna basteri (Johnston, 1836), 76. genital opening, female; 77. tip of everted ovipositor, female, dorsal aspect (anteroapical part omitted); 78. everted ovipositor, female, ventral aspect (posteroapical part omitted); 79. genital opening, male; 80. detail of posterior part of genital opening, male. FIGURE 81. Thalassarachna longipes (Trouessart, 1888), genital opening, female. FIGURES 82 – 83. Thalassarachna dissimilis (Bartsch, 1979), 82. genital region, female; 83. genital opening, male. FIGURE 84. Tropihalacarus longirostris (Bartsch, 1995), genital opening, male (three posterior pairs of subgenital setae omitted). FIGURE 85. Werthelloides bathyalis Bartsch, 1986, genital opening, female. (bgsp, basal genital spine; gac, genital acetabula; sgs, subgenital setae) Scale = 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245253/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="232">Figs 76</figureCitation>
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–83)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37B6578FFF4FF8DFF12A61DFBCDFCB0" pageId="31" pageNumber="232" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BDE36F3FFF4FF8DFF12A61DFD7DFE9D" blockId="31.[151,1437,258,1219]" box="[151,661,258,283]" pageId="31" pageNumber="232">
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<emphasis id="B915EAE1FFF4FF8DFF12A61DFEDAFE9D" bold="true" box="[151,306,258,283]" pageId="31" pageNumber="232">
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<typeStatus id="54DA8851FFF4FF8DFF12A61DFF3AFE9D" box="[151,210,258,283]" pageId="31" pageNumber="232">Type</typeStatus>
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species.
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C614D70FFF4FF8DFEBCA61CFD78FE9D" authority="Johnston, 1836" authorityName="Johnston" authorityYear="1836" box="[313,656,258,283]" class="Arachnida" family="Argasidae" genus="Acarus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="31" pageNumber="232" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="basteri">
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<emphasis id="B915EAE1FFF4FF8DFEBCA61CFE35FE9D" box="[313,477,258,283]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="232">Acarus basteri</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B02FFF4FF8DFE61A61DFD78FE9D" author="Johnston" box="[484,656,258,283]" pageId="31" pageNumber="232" refString="Johnston, G. (1836) Illustrations in British zoology. Magazine of Natural History, 9 (63), 353 - 357." type="journal article" year="1836">Johnston, 1836</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDE36F3FFF4FF8DFF42A639FB2CFD20" blockId="31.[151,1437,258,1219]" pageId="31" pageNumber="232">
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<emphasis id="B915EAE1FFF4FF8DFF42A639FEF5FEB9" bold="true" box="[199,285,294,319]" pageId="31" pageNumber="232">Adults.</emphasis>
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In both female and male GP and AP fused. Female GA with three to five pairs of pgs, genital sclerites with three to five pairs of sgs. Two to three pairs of gac often large and arranged in line (
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<figureCitation id="135A2A76FFF4FF8DFB00A655FB35FEE5" box="[1157,1245,330,355]" captionStart="FIGURES 76 – 80" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1294,1316]" captionTargetBox="[169,1417,212,1254]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[151,1436,193,1273]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 76 – 80. Thalassarachna basteri (Johnston, 1836), 76. genital opening, female; 77. tip of everted ovipositor, female, dorsal aspect (anteroapical part omitted); 78. everted ovipositor, female, ventral aspect (posteroapical part omitted); 79. genital opening, male; 80. detail of posterior part of genital opening, male. FIGURE 81. Thalassarachna longipes (Trouessart, 1888), genital opening, female. FIGURES 82 – 83. Thalassarachna dissimilis (Bartsch, 1979), 82. genital region, female; 83. genital opening, male. FIGURE 84. Tropihalacarus longirostris (Bartsch, 1995), genital opening, male (three posterior pairs of subgenital setae omitted). FIGURE 85. Werthelloides bathyalis Bartsch, 1986, genital opening, female. (bgsp, basal genital spine; gac, genital acetabula; sgs, subgenital setae) Scale = 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245253/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="232">Figs 76</figureCitation>
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, 81, 82; Thomae 1926: fig. 26;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B02FFF4FF8DFEB2A671FE35FE01" author="Bartsch" box="[311,477,366,391]" pageId="31" pageNumber="232" refString="Bartsch, I. (1976 c) Zur Systematik und Verbreitung der Halacarellus - Arten (Halacaridae, Acari) an der Bretagne-Kuste. Entomologische Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum Hamburg, 5, 97 - 109." type="journal article" year="1976" yearSuffix="c">Bartsch 1976c</bibRefCitation>
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: fig. 26, 1998b: fig. 122;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B02FFF4FF8DFD7EA671FC58FE01" author="Makarova" box="[763,944,366,391]" pageId="31" pageNumber="232" refString="Makarova, N. G. (1978) [Marine mites (Acarina, Halacaridae) from the intertidal zone of the Gulf of Anadyr (Bering Sea).] In: Kussakin, O. G. (Ed.), The intertidal zone of the Bering Sea and south-eastern Kamchatka. Publishing House Nauka, Moscow, pp. 131 - 149. [in Russian, with English summary]" type="book chapter" year="1978">Makarova 1978</bibRefCitation>
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: fig. 6 GO female). Acetabula either almost equal-distanced or posterior pair slightly separated and enlarged. Ovipositor at rest extending beyond GO. Ovipositor with pair of basal and five pairs of apical genital spines; the latter in 2+3 arrangement, i.e. two anterior and three posterior pairs (
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<figureCitation id="135A2A76FFF4FF8DFE47A6C5FDA3FE75" box="[450,587,474,499]" captionStart="FIGURES 76 – 80" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1294,1316]" captionTargetBox="[169,1417,212,1254]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[151,1436,193,1273]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 76 – 80. Thalassarachna basteri (Johnston, 1836), 76. genital opening, female; 77. tip of everted ovipositor, female, dorsal aspect (anteroapical part omitted); 78. everted ovipositor, female, ventral aspect (posteroapical part omitted); 79. genital opening, male; 80. detail of posterior part of genital opening, male. FIGURE 81. Thalassarachna longipes (Trouessart, 1888), genital opening, female. FIGURES 82 – 83. Thalassarachna dissimilis (Bartsch, 1979), 82. genital region, female; 83. genital opening, male. FIGURE 84. Tropihalacarus longirostris (Bartsch, 1995), genital opening, male (three posterior pairs of subgenital setae omitted). FIGURE 85. Werthelloides bathyalis Bartsch, 1986, genital opening, female. (bgsp, basal genital spine; gac, genital acetabula; sgs, subgenital setae) Scale = 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245253/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="232">Figs 77, 78</figureCitation>
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). Genital spines spiniform, in
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<taxonomicName id="4C614D70FFF4FF8DFC29A6C3FBFFFE75" box="[940,1047,474,499]" class="Arachnida" family="Argasidae" genus="Acarus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="31" pageNumber="232" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="basteri">
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<emphasis id="B915EAE1FFF4FF8DFC29A6C3FBFFFE75" box="[940,1047,474,499]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="232">T. basteri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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two anterior pairs of spines with delicate marginal denticles. Male GA with 40–160 slender pgs arranged scatteredly around GO. Male GO similar or slightly smaller than female GO. Genital sclerites with four to eight (nine) pairs of sgs, posterior pairs of sgs spiniform (
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<figureCitation id="135A2A76FFF4FF8DFE91A559FE72FDD9" box="[276,410,582,607]" captionStart="FIGURES 76 – 80" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1294,1316]" captionTargetBox="[169,1417,212,1254]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[151,1436,193,1273]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 76 – 80. Thalassarachna basteri (Johnston, 1836), 76. genital opening, female; 77. tip of everted ovipositor, female, dorsal aspect (anteroapical part omitted); 78. everted ovipositor, female, ventral aspect (posteroapical part omitted); 79. genital opening, male; 80. detail of posterior part of genital opening, male. FIGURE 81. Thalassarachna longipes (Trouessart, 1888), genital opening, female. FIGURES 82 – 83. Thalassarachna dissimilis (Bartsch, 1979), 82. genital region, female; 83. genital opening, male. FIGURE 84. Tropihalacarus longirostris (Bartsch, 1995), genital opening, male (three posterior pairs of subgenital setae omitted). FIGURE 85. Werthelloides bathyalis Bartsch, 1986, genital opening, female. (bgsp, basal genital spine; gac, genital acetabula; sgs, subgenital setae) Scale = 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245253/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="232">Figs 79, 80</figureCitation>
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). GO with two to three pairs of gac, these somewhat smaller than in female (
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<figureCitation id="135A2A76FFF4FF8DFA8FA559FA8AFDD9" box="[1290,1378,582,607]" captionStart="FIGURES 76 – 80" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1294,1316]" captionTargetBox="[169,1417,212,1254]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[151,1436,193,1273]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 76 – 80. Thalassarachna basteri (Johnston, 1836), 76. genital opening, female; 77. tip of everted ovipositor, female, dorsal aspect (anteroapical part omitted); 78. everted ovipositor, female, ventral aspect (posteroapical part omitted); 79. genital opening, male; 80. detail of posterior part of genital opening, male. FIGURE 81. Thalassarachna longipes (Trouessart, 1888), genital opening, female. FIGURES 82 – 83. Thalassarachna dissimilis (Bartsch, 1979), 82. genital region, female; 83. genital opening, male. FIGURE 84. Tropihalacarus longirostris (Bartsch, 1995), genital opening, male (three posterior pairs of subgenital setae omitted). FIGURE 85. Werthelloides bathyalis Bartsch, 1986, genital opening, female. (bgsp, basal genital spine; gac, genital acetabula; sgs, subgenital setae) Scale = 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245253/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="232">Figs 79</figureCitation>
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, 83). Acetabula in posterior part of GO, often immediately adjacent and with an opening to the exterior (
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<figureCitation id="135A2A76FFF4FF8DFABAA575FA7FFD05" box="[1343,1431,618,643]" captionStart="FIGURES 76 – 80" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1294,1316]" captionTargetBox="[169,1417,212,1254]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[151,1436,193,1273]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 76 – 80. Thalassarachna basteri (Johnston, 1836), 76. genital opening, female; 77. tip of everted ovipositor, female, dorsal aspect (anteroapical part omitted); 78. everted ovipositor, female, ventral aspect (posteroapical part omitted); 79. genital opening, male; 80. detail of posterior part of genital opening, male. FIGURE 81. Thalassarachna longipes (Trouessart, 1888), genital opening, female. FIGURES 82 – 83. Thalassarachna dissimilis (Bartsch, 1979), 82. genital region, female; 83. genital opening, male. FIGURE 84. Tropihalacarus longirostris (Bartsch, 1995), genital opening, male (three posterior pairs of subgenital setae omitted). FIGURE 85. Werthelloides bathyalis Bartsch, 1986, genital opening, female. (bgsp, basal genital spine; gac, genital acetabula; sgs, subgenital setae) Scale = 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245253/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="232">Fig. 79</figureCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B02FFF4FF8DFF12A591FEA3FD21" author="Makarova" box="[151,331,654,679]" pageId="31" pageNumber="232" refString="Makarova, N. G. (1978) [Marine mites (Acarina, Halacaridae) from the intertidal zone of the Gulf of Anadyr (Bering Sea).] In: Kussakin, O. G. (Ed.), The intertidal zone of the Bering Sea and south-eastern Kamchatka. Publishing House Nauka, Moscow, pp. 131 - 149. [in Russian, with English summary]" type="book chapter" year="1978">Makarova 1978</bibRefCitation>
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: fig. 6, GO male;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B02FFF4FF8DFD91A591FD53FD21" author="Bartsch" box="[532,699,654,679]" pageId="31" pageNumber="232" refString="Bartsch, I. (1996 b) Halacarid mites (Acari) from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. New records. Cahiers de Biologie Marine, 37, 159 - 167." type="journal article" year="1996" yearSuffix="b">Bartsch 1996b</bibRefCitation>
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: fig. 31). AE of adults without epimeral pores.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDE36F3FFF4FF8DFF42A5ADFBCDFCB0" blockId="31.[151,1437,258,1219]" pageId="31" pageNumber="232">
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<emphasis id="B915EAE1FFF4FF8DFF42A5ADFED4FD4D" bold="true" box="[199,316,690,715]" pageId="31" pageNumber="232">Juveniles.</emphasis>
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With a larval and one to two nymphal stages, in the former case only protonymphal stage present. GP and AP separated in both proto- and deutonymph. Deutonymphal GP with two pairs of pgs, two pairs of sgs and two pairs of internal gac (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B02FFF4FF8DFE36A5E5FD58FC95" author="Bartsch" box="[435,688,762,787]" pageId="31" pageNumber="232" refString="Bartsch, I. (1976 c) Zur Systematik und Verbreitung der Halacarellus - Arten (Halacaridae, Acari) an der Bretagne-Kuste. Entomologische Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum Hamburg, 5, 97 - 109." type="journal article" year="1976" yearSuffix="c">Bartsch 1976c: fig. 40</bibRefCitation>
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). Protonymphal GP with single pair of internal gac; neither pgs nor sgs present. Protonymph with small, larva with distinct, tube-like epimeral pores.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37B6578FFF4FF8DFF42A45DFC0DFB45" pageId="31" pageNumber="232" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BDE36F3FFF4FF8DFF42A45DFE82FC25" blockId="31.[151,1437,258,1219]" pageId="31" pageNumber="232">
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<emphasis id="B915EAE1FFF4FF8DFF42A45DFED3FCDD" bold="true" box="[199,315,834,859]" pageId="31" pageNumber="232">Remarks.</emphasis>
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One of the ten female
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<taxonomicName id="4C614D70FFF4FF8DFDC9A45BFD5FFCDD" box="[588,695,834,859]" class="Arachnida" family="Argasidae" genus="Acarus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="31" pageNumber="232" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="basteri">
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<emphasis id="B915EAE1FFF4FF8DFDC9A45BFD5FFCDD" box="[588,695,834,859]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="232">T. basteri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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studied has two pairs of basal but a single antero-apical pair of genital spines instead of vice versa. A similar arrangement is present in
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<taxonomicName id="4C614D70FFF4FF8DFB89A478FB9CFCF9" box="[1036,1140,871,895]" class="Arachnida" family="Halacaridae" genus="Thalassarachna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="31" pageNumber="232" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="affinis">
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<emphasis id="B915EAE1FFF4FF8DFB89A478FB9CFCF9" box="[1036,1140,871,895]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="232">T. affinis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B02FFF4FF8DFB0FA479FE8BFC25" author="Makkaveeva" pageId="31" pageNumber="232" refString="Makkaveeva, E. B. (1966) K biologii Halacarellus basteri (Jochnston) v Cernom More. In: Raspredelnie bentosa I biologiya donnichzivotnich v juznach moryach. Akademia Nauk Ukrainskoi SSSR, Kiev, pp. 38 - 45." type="book chapter" year="1966">Makkaveeva 1966: fig. ovipositor, female</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDE36F3FFF4FF8DFF42A4B1FD5CFBFD" blockId="31.[151,1437,258,1219]" pageId="31" pageNumber="232">
|
||
The deutonymphal stage is suppressed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C614D70FFF4FF8DFD30A4B0FBE6FC41" authority="(Bartsch, 1979b)" baseAuthorityName="Bartsch" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[693,1038,942,967]" class="Arachnida" family="Halacaridae" genus="Thalassarachna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="31" pageNumber="232" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dissimilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EAE1FFF4FF8DFD30A4B0FCD7FC41" box="[693,831,942,967]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="232">T. dissimilis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B02FFF4FF8DFCD6A4B1FBEEFC41" author="Bartsch" box="[851,1030,942,967]" pageId="31" pageNumber="232" refString="Bartsch, I. (1979 b) Halacaridae (Acari) von der Atlantikkuste Nordamerikas. Beschreibung der Arten. Mikrofauna des Meeresbodens, 79, 1 - 62." type="journal article" year="1979" yearSuffix="b">Bartsch, 1979b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, assumedly also in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C614D70FFF4FF8DFB7EA4B0FEC3FC6D" authority="Viets, 1927" authorityName="Viets" authorityYear="1927" class="Arachnida" family="Halacaridae" genus="Thalassarachna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="31" pageNumber="232" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hexacantha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EAE1FFF4FF8DFB7EA4B0FA74FC41" box="[1275,1436,942,967]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="232">T. hexacantha</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B02FFF4FF8DFF1AA4CDFECCFC6D" author="Viets" box="[159,292,978,1003]" pageId="31" pageNumber="232" refString="Viets, K. (1927) Die Halacaridae der Nordsee. Zeitschrift fur Wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 130, 83 - 173." type="journal article" year="1927">Viets, 1927</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C614D70FFF4FF8DFEE2A4CBFD28FC6D" authority="Trouessart, 1888" authorityName="Trouessart" authorityYear="1888" box="[359,704,978,1003]" class="Arachnida" family="Halacaridae" genus="Thalassarachna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="31" pageNumber="232" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EAE1FFF4FF8DFEE2A4CBFE0CFC6D" box="[359,484,978,1003]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="232">T. longipes</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B02FFF4FF8DFE70A4CCFD50FC6D" author="Trouessart" box="[501,696,979,1003]" pageId="31" pageNumber="232" refString="Trouessart, E. L. (1888) Note sur les acariens marins recueillis par M. Giard au laboratoire maritime de Wimereux. Comptes Rendus de l'Academie des Sciences, Paris, 107, 753 - 755." type="journal article" year="1888">Trouessart, 1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C614D70FFF4FF8DFD70A4CBFC95FC6D" box="[757,893,978,1003]" class="Arachnida" family="Halacaridae" genus="Thalassarachna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="31" pageNumber="232" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dissimilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EAE1FFF4FF8DFD70A4CBFC95FC6D" box="[757,893,978,1003]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="232">T. dissimilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
both a female and a male were dissected from protonymphal skins (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B02FFF4FF8DFE06A4E9FDC3FB89" author="Bartsch" box="[387,555,1014,1039]" pageId="31" pageNumber="232" refString="Bartsch, I. (1979 b) Halacaridae (Acari) von der Atlantikkuste Nordamerikas. Beschreibung der Arten. Mikrofauna des Meeresbodens, 79, 1 - 62." type="journal article" year="1979" yearSuffix="b">Bartsch 1979b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: p. 28), in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C614D70FFF4FF8DFD24A4E8FCD5FB89" box="[673,829,1014,1039]" class="Arachnida" family="Halacaridae" genus="Thalassarachna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="31" pageNumber="232" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hexacantha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EAE1FFF4FF8DFD24A4E8FCD5FB89" box="[673,829,1014,1039]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="232">T. hexacantha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
populations from the White Sea, larvae, protonymphs and adults were present, but no deutonymphs (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B02FFF4FF8DFD25A305FCA9FBB5" author="Nikitina" box="[672,833,1050,1075]" pageId="31" pageNumber="232" refString="Nikitina, M. P. (2013) Sezonnaja dinamika cislennosti i ziznennye cikly morskich klesci litoralnych fykoidov v okrestnostjach BBS. Moskovskii Gosudarstvennii universitet imeni M. B. Lomonosova. Biologiceskii fakultet, 207 - 210, Table 1." type="book chapter" year="2013">Nikitina 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and in respect to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C614D70FFF4FF8DFB91A303FB66FBB5" box="[1044,1166,1050,1075]" class="Arachnida" family="Halacaridae" genus="Thalassarachna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="31" pageNumber="232" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EAE1FFF4FF8DFB91A303FB66FBB5" box="[1044,1166,1050,1075]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="232">T. longipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the protonymphal stage was commonly taken (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B02FFF4FF8DFE12A321FD6CFBD1" author="Newell" box="[407,644,1086,1111]" pageId="31" pageNumber="232" refString="Newell, I. M. (1947) A systematic and ecological study of the Halacaridae of eastern North America. Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection, 10, 1 - 232." type="journal article" year="1947" yearSuffix="p">Newell 1947: p. 128</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but obviously no deutonymphal. In these three species both females and males bear two instead of three pairs of gac.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDE36F3FFF4FF8DFF42A399FC0DFB45" blockId="31.[151,1437,258,1219]" pageId="31" pageNumber="232">
|
||
The genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C614D70FFF4FF8DFECEA399FDE8FB19" box="[331,512,1158,1183]" class="Arachnida" family="Halacaridae" genus="Thalassarachna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="31" pageNumber="232" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EAE1FFF4FF8DFECEA399FDE8FB19" box="[331,512,1158,1183]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="232">Thalassarachna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is spread in the northern Pacific, Atlantic, and adjacent areas (Mediterranean, Black Sea, Baltic, Arctic Ocean); 14 species are described (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B02FFF4FF8DFCB4A3B5FC31FB45" author="Bartsch" box="[817,985,1194,1219]" pageId="31" pageNumber="232" refString="Bartsch, I. (2009 a) Checklist of marine and freshwater halacarid mite genera and species (Halacaridae: Acari) with notes on synonyms, habitats, distribution and descriptions of the taxa. Zootaxa, 1998, 1 - 170." type="journal article" year="2009" yearSuffix="a">Bartsch 2009a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |