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<document id="BED60CC4FCF0F9EA9B4D7C0A7D34A551" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.172619" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fc2cfbf1-64f7-401d-8752-9bef74bc7eee" ID-ISSN="1175­5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="172619" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459759026330" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Sutou, Mitsuaki" docDate="2006" docId="03C887CB2D6FFFED5A0312B2FB95DA10" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01223p018.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1223" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF.3:Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleId="FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Plecia Wiedemann" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="3" masterDocId="FFF1FFB32D6DFFEF5B0B1351FFD6DD59" masterDocTitle="Immature stages of three Japanese species of the genus Plecia Wiedemann (Diptera: Bibionidae)" masterLastPageNumber="18" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="3" updateTime="1698214459310" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="DC6345E2A82B4D5177851F6E1BB5B79D" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="E06823DB885CF70942A10DD9931EDEAE">Immature stages of three Japanese species of the genus Plecia Wiedemann (Diptera: Bibionidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="852E47D57A64D55D3E3205C108D02D04">Sutou, Mitsuaki</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="E469541701FE854451FA31B03D580760">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="B7AC34A78CCC261D2AD07E2513E139DE">2006</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="35B2EA853521C5AAC205E97A2E46CCAE">1223</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="37A436CD04623D7C114252D8154FCDF3">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="5C9C320EDC3C0F28CDA7928EF6BF34A5" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.172619</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="924C1362A0F0D507884E3D1189D53461" type="GBIF-Dataset">fc2cfbf1-64f7-401d-8752-9bef74bc7eee</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="B1EB9F6FF56F8D307EEF02FF9BA3C136" type="ISSN">1175­5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03C887CB2D6FFFED5A0312B2FB95DA10" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6260289" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119344373" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6260289" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C887CB2D6FFFED5A0312B2FB95DA10" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C887CB2D6FFFED5A0312B2FB95DA10" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<subSubSection id="C37B65562D6FFFED5A0312B2FD9FDCA4" box="[264,585,483,510]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BDE36DD2D6FFFED5A0312B2FD9FDCA4" blockId="2.[264,585,483,510]" box="[264,585,483,510]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<heading id="D09681B12D6FFFED5A0312B2FD9FDCA4" bold="true" box="[264,585,483,510]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B915EACF2D6FFFED5A0312B2FD9FDCA4" bold="true" box="[264,585,483,510]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="4C614D5E2D6FFFED5A5412B5FD9FDCA4" ID-CoL="9CJT2" authority="Wiedemann" authorityName="Wiedemann" box="[351,585,483,510]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Plecia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B915EACF2D6FFFED5A5412B5FE7CDCA7" bold="true" box="[351,426,484,510]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Plecia</emphasis>
Wiedemann
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</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37B65562D6FFFED5A03117EFAC8DF28" box="[264,1310,559,625]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BDE36DD2D6FFFED5A03117EFEA9DF11" blockId="2.[264,1326,559,1865]" box="[264,383,559,584]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B915EACF2D6FFFED5A03117EFEA9DF11" box="[264,383,559,584]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDE36DD2D6FFFED5A331106FAC8DF28" blockId="2.[264,1326,559,1865]" box="[312,1310,599,625]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B915EACF2D6FFFED5A331106FEB1DF29" box="[312,359,599,624]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Egg</emphasis>
: Brown or fuscous in color, nearly lozenge shaped, broadest at middle (
<figureCitation id="135A2A582D6FFFED5FB81106FB23DF28" box="[1203,1269,599,625]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[264,367,1574,1598]" captionTargetBox="[355,1242,314,1552]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[293,1301,312,1564]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Plecia adiastola. A, egg. B – M, final­instar larva. B, habitus, lateral view. C, plate­like ventral swelling of prothorax. D, spinules on dorsum of fourth abdominal segment. E, prothoracic spiracle. F, eighth abdominal spiracle. G, head, dorsal view. H, epipharynx. I, right mandible, dorsal view. J, right mandible, inner view. K, labium and hypopharynx, ventral view. L, left maxilla, dorsal view. M, left maxilla, ventral view. Abbreviations (full terms in parentheses): ant p (antennal plate), a st (appendage of stipes), cd (cardo), cly (clypeus), ec su (ecdysial suture), e st (eye spot), fr ap (frontal apotome), gala (galeolacinia), ge (gena), hyp (hypopharynx), lb (labium), lr (labrum), md (mandible), mxp (maxillary palpus), prs (prostheca), st (stipes). Scales: G, 0.5 mm. D – F and H – M, 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/172620/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
A).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37B65562D6FFFED5A33112EFB95DA10" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BDE36DD2D6FFFED5A33112EFB29D8B8" blockId="2.[264,1326,559,1865]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B915EACF2D6FFFED5A33112EFDDADFC1" box="[312,524,639,664]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Final­instar larva</emphasis>
: Head capsule (
<figureCitation id="135A2A582D6FFFED59C0112EFCCFDFC0" box="[715,793,639,665]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[264,367,1574,1598]" captionTargetBox="[355,1242,314,1552]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[293,1301,312,1564]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Plecia adiastola. A, egg. B – M, final­instar larva. B, habitus, lateral view. C, plate­like ventral swelling of prothorax. D, spinules on dorsum of fourth abdominal segment. E, prothoracic spiracle. F, eighth abdominal spiracle. G, head, dorsal view. H, epipharynx. I, right mandible, dorsal view. J, right mandible, inner view. K, labium and hypopharynx, ventral view. L, left maxilla, dorsal view. M, left maxilla, ventral view. Abbreviations (full terms in parentheses): ant p (antennal plate), a st (appendage of stipes), cd (cardo), cly (clypeus), ec su (ecdysial suture), e st (eye spot), fr ap (frontal apotome), gala (galeolacinia), ge (gena), hyp (hypopharynx), lb (labium), lr (labrum), md (mandible), mxp (maxillary palpus), prs (prostheca), st (stipes). Scales: G, 0.5 mm. D – F and H – M, 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/172620/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
G, 3G, 5D) shining, jet­black. Genae dorsaly with spotted stigmata being almost concolorous with cuticle. Frontal apotome anteriorly bordered with transverse chitinous band, and tapering posteriorly. Ecdysial suture forming undulating line, meeting each other posteriorly. Clypeus and labrum well developed, extending forward as fleshy protuberance; clypeus with conical projection laterally, its apex bare (
<figureCitation id="135A2A582D6FFFED5A861016FE0BDE38" box="[397,477,839,865]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[264,367,1574,1598]" captionTargetBox="[355,1242,314,1552]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[293,1301,312,1564]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Plecia adiastola. A, egg. B – M, final­instar larva. B, habitus, lateral view. C, plate­like ventral swelling of prothorax. D, spinules on dorsum of fourth abdominal segment. E, prothoracic spiracle. F, eighth abdominal spiracle. G, head, dorsal view. H, epipharynx. I, right mandible, dorsal view. J, right mandible, inner view. K, labium and hypopharynx, ventral view. L, left maxilla, dorsal view. M, left maxilla, ventral view. Abbreviations (full terms in parentheses): ant p (antennal plate), a st (appendage of stipes), cd (cardo), cly (clypeus), ec su (ecdysial suture), e st (eye spot), fr ap (frontal apotome), gala (galeolacinia), ge (gena), hyp (hypopharynx), lb (labium), lr (labrum), md (mandible), mxp (maxillary palpus), prs (prostheca), st (stipes). Scales: G, 0.5 mm. D – F and H – M, 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/172620/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
H, 3H, 5E). Antenna reduced and modified to banana­shaped antennal plate behind clypeus. Eye spot observed as white spot on black head capsule. Mandible (
<figureCitation id="135A2A582D6FFFED5A1A10C6FEB0DEE8" box="[273,358,919,945]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[264,367,1574,1598]" captionTargetBox="[355,1242,314,1552]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[293,1301,312,1564]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Plecia adiastola. A, egg. B – M, final­instar larva. B, habitus, lateral view. C, plate­like ventral swelling of prothorax. D, spinules on dorsum of fourth abdominal segment. E, prothoracic spiracle. F, eighth abdominal spiracle. G, head, dorsal view. H, epipharynx. I, right mandible, dorsal view. J, right mandible, inner view. K, labium and hypopharynx, ventral view. L, left maxilla, dorsal view. M, left maxilla, ventral view. Abbreviations (full terms in parentheses): ant p (antennal plate), a st (appendage of stipes), cd (cardo), cly (clypeus), ec su (ecdysial suture), e st (eye spot), fr ap (frontal apotome), gala (galeolacinia), ge (gena), hyp (hypopharynx), lb (labium), lr (labrum), md (mandible), mxp (maxillary palpus), prs (prostheca), st (stipes). Scales: G, 0.5 mm. D – F and H – M, 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/172620/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
Figs.
<date id="FFDF101D2D6FFFED5A5210C6FEB0DEE8" box="[345,358,919,945]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">1</date>
</figureCitation>
I, J;
<date id="FFDF101D2D6FFFED5AAC10C6FE14DEE8" box="[423,450,919,945]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">3I</date>
, J; 5F, G) stout, with 3–5 teeth. Maxilla (
<figureCitation id="135A2A582D6FFFED58D210C6FBFBDEE8" box="[985,1069,919,945]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[264,367,1574,1598]" captionTargetBox="[355,1242,314,1552]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[293,1301,312,1564]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Plecia adiastola. A, egg. B – M, final­instar larva. B, habitus, lateral view. C, plate­like ventral swelling of prothorax. D, spinules on dorsum of fourth abdominal segment. E, prothoracic spiracle. F, eighth abdominal spiracle. G, head, dorsal view. H, epipharynx. I, right mandible, dorsal view. J, right mandible, inner view. K, labium and hypopharynx, ventral view. L, left maxilla, dorsal view. M, left maxilla, ventral view. Abbreviations (full terms in parentheses): ant p (antennal plate), a st (appendage of stipes), cd (cardo), cly (clypeus), ec su (ecdysial suture), e st (eye spot), fr ap (frontal apotome), gala (galeolacinia), ge (gena), hyp (hypopharynx), lb (labium), lr (labrum), md (mandible), mxp (maxillary palpus), prs (prostheca), st (stipes). Scales: G, 0.5 mm. D – F and H – M, 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/172620/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
L, M; 3L, M;
<date id="FFDF101D2D6FFFED5FE010C6FAD3DEE8" box="[1259,1285,919,945]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">5I</date>
, J) composed of 4 parts: cardo, galeolacinia, stipes, and maxillary palpus; proximal part of stipes isolated as small appendage. Labium (
<figureCitation id="135A2A582D6FFFED582410B6FC57D958" box="[815,897,999,1025]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[264,367,1574,1598]" captionTargetBox="[355,1242,314,1552]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[293,1301,312,1564]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Plecia adiastola. A, egg. B – M, final­instar larva. B, habitus, lateral view. C, plate­like ventral swelling of prothorax. D, spinules on dorsum of fourth abdominal segment. E, prothoracic spiracle. F, eighth abdominal spiracle. G, head, dorsal view. H, epipharynx. I, right mandible, dorsal view. J, right mandible, inner view. K, labium and hypopharynx, ventral view. L, left maxilla, dorsal view. M, left maxilla, ventral view. Abbreviations (full terms in parentheses): ant p (antennal plate), a st (appendage of stipes), cd (cardo), cly (clypeus), ec su (ecdysial suture), e st (eye spot), fr ap (frontal apotome), gala (galeolacinia), ge (gena), hyp (hypopharynx), lb (labium), lr (labrum), md (mandible), mxp (maxillary palpus), prs (prostheca), st (stipes). Scales: G, 0.5 mm. D – F and H – M, 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/172620/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
K, 3K, 5H) longer than wide with central membranous area, anterior and posterior margin concave; hypopharynx membranous, nearly elliptical in shape. Body (
<figureCitation id="135A2A582D6FFFED585C1766FC7AD908" box="[855,940,1079,1105]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[264,367,1574,1598]" captionTargetBox="[355,1242,314,1552]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[293,1301,312,1564]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Plecia adiastola. A, egg. B – M, final­instar larva. B, habitus, lateral view. C, plate­like ventral swelling of prothorax. D, spinules on dorsum of fourth abdominal segment. E, prothoracic spiracle. F, eighth abdominal spiracle. G, head, dorsal view. H, epipharynx. I, right mandible, dorsal view. J, right mandible, inner view. K, labium and hypopharynx, ventral view. L, left maxilla, dorsal view. M, left maxilla, ventral view. Abbreviations (full terms in parentheses): ant p (antennal plate), a st (appendage of stipes), cd (cardo), cly (clypeus), ec su (ecdysial suture), e st (eye spot), fr ap (frontal apotome), gala (galeolacinia), ge (gena), hyp (hypopharynx), lb (labium), lr (labrum), md (mandible), mxp (maxillary palpus), prs (prostheca), st (stipes). Scales: G, 0.5 mm. D – F and H – M, 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/172620/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
B, 3D, 5A), brownish or dark brownish, divided into 12 segments, each segment except prothoracic and 8th and 9th abdominal, subdivided into 3 subsegments. Each segment with transverse rows of processes (
<tableCitation id="C6E303662D6FFFED5A8717FEFE31D990" box="[396,487,1199,1225]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="12.[264,352,283,307]" captionText="TABLE 1. Arrangement of the processes on the body segments. a: final­instar larva, b: pupa. T: thorax, A: abdomen. Arrangement of the processes is divided into dorsal, lateral, and ventral parts except for T 1 and A 9. Dorsal and ventral processes of each of T 2 – A 8 of the final­instar larva are subdivided into anterior, medial, and posterior rows. Venter of A 1 and A 2 of the pupa are covered by the leg and wing sheaths." pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Table 1</tableCitation>
a), of these, lateral­dorsal ones on 8th and 9th abdominal segments longer than others. Prothoracic segment with plate­like ventral swelling having 2–5 blunt processes (
<figureCitation id="135A2A582D6FFFED5A8317AEFE00D840" box="[392,470,1279,1305]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[264,367,1574,1598]" captionTargetBox="[355,1242,314,1552]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[293,1301,312,1564]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Plecia adiastola. A, egg. B – M, final­instar larva. B, habitus, lateral view. C, plate­like ventral swelling of prothorax. D, spinules on dorsum of fourth abdominal segment. E, prothoracic spiracle. F, eighth abdominal spiracle. G, head, dorsal view. H, epipharynx. I, right mandible, dorsal view. J, right mandible, inner view. K, labium and hypopharynx, ventral view. L, left maxilla, dorsal view. M, left maxilla, ventral view. Abbreviations (full terms in parentheses): ant p (antennal plate), a st (appendage of stipes), cd (cardo), cly (clypeus), ec su (ecdysial suture), e st (eye spot), fr ap (frontal apotome), gala (galeolacinia), ge (gena), hyp (hypopharynx), lb (labium), lr (labrum), md (mandible), mxp (maxillary palpus), prs (prostheca), st (stipes). Scales: G, 0.5 mm. D – F and H – M, 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/172620/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
C, 3E, 5B). Body cuticle covered with many spinules (
<figureCitation id="135A2A582D6FFFED5F5217AEFB71D840" box="[1113,1191,1279,1305]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[264,367,1574,1598]" captionTargetBox="[355,1242,314,1552]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[293,1301,312,1564]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Plecia adiastola. A, egg. B – M, final­instar larva. B, habitus, lateral view. C, plate­like ventral swelling of prothorax. D, spinules on dorsum of fourth abdominal segment. E, prothoracic spiracle. F, eighth abdominal spiracle. G, head, dorsal view. H, epipharynx. I, right mandible, dorsal view. J, right mandible, inner view. K, labium and hypopharynx, ventral view. L, left maxilla, dorsal view. M, left maxilla, ventral view. Abbreviations (full terms in parentheses): ant p (antennal plate), a st (appendage of stipes), cd (cardo), cly (clypeus), ec su (ecdysial suture), e st (eye spot), fr ap (frontal apotome), gala (galeolacinia), ge (gena), hyp (hypopharynx), lb (labium), lr (labrum), md (mandible), mxp (maxillary palpus), prs (prostheca), st (stipes). Scales: G, 0.5 mm. D – F and H – M, 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/172620/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
D, 3F, 5C). Respiratory system holopneustic with 10 pairs of spiracles; anterior 9 pairs situated laterally on each segment, 10th pair situated dorsolaterally on intersegmental position between 8th and 9th abdominal segments; 1st pair of spiracles (
<figureCitation id="135A2A582D6FFFED5F041626FB82D8C8" box="[1039,1108,1399,1425]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[264,367,1574,1598]" captionTargetBox="[355,1242,314,1552]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[293,1301,312,1564]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Plecia adiastola. A, egg. B – M, final­instar larva. B, habitus, lateral view. C, plate­like ventral swelling of prothorax. D, spinules on dorsum of fourth abdominal segment. E, prothoracic spiracle. F, eighth abdominal spiracle. G, head, dorsal view. H, epipharynx. I, right mandible, dorsal view. J, right mandible, inner view. K, labium and hypopharynx, ventral view. L, left maxilla, dorsal view. M, left maxilla, ventral view. Abbreviations (full terms in parentheses): ant p (antennal plate), a st (appendage of stipes), cd (cardo), cly (clypeus), ec su (ecdysial suture), e st (eye spot), fr ap (frontal apotome), gala (galeolacinia), ge (gena), hyp (hypopharynx), lb (labium), lr (labrum), md (mandible), mxp (maxillary palpus), prs (prostheca), st (stipes). Scales: G, 0.5 mm. D – F and H – M, 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/172620/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
E) on prothoracic segment about 2 times as large as 2nd to 9th pairs in diameter, while 10th pair (
<figureCitation id="135A2A582D6FFFED5FC216CEFADBD8E0" box="[1225,1293,1439,1465]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[264,367,1574,1598]" captionTargetBox="[355,1242,314,1552]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[293,1301,312,1564]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Plecia adiastola. A, egg. B – M, final­instar larva. B, habitus, lateral view. C, plate­like ventral swelling of prothorax. D, spinules on dorsum of fourth abdominal segment. E, prothoracic spiracle. F, eighth abdominal spiracle. G, head, dorsal view. H, epipharynx. I, right mandible, dorsal view. J, right mandible, inner view. K, labium and hypopharynx, ventral view. L, left maxilla, dorsal view. M, left maxilla, ventral view. Abbreviations (full terms in parentheses): ant p (antennal plate), a st (appendage of stipes), cd (cardo), cly (clypeus), ec su (ecdysial suture), e st (eye spot), fr ap (frontal apotome), gala (galeolacinia), ge (gena), hyp (hypopharynx), lb (labium), lr (labrum), md (mandible), mxp (maxillary palpus), prs (prostheca), st (stipes). Scales: G, 0.5 mm. D – F and H – M, 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/172620/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
F) about 4 times as large as preceding pairs; all spiracles with 1 ecdysial scar (uniforous).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDE36DD2D6FFFED5A3316BEFB95DA10" blockId="2.[264,1326,559,1865]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B915EACF2D6FFFED5A3316BEFEA0DB51" box="[312,374,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Pupa</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="135A2A582D6FFFED5A8216BEFE36DB50" box="[393,480,1519,1545]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[264,367,750,774]" captionTargetBox="[300,1262,322,749]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[264,1323,307,762]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Plecia adiastola, pupa. A, male, frontal view. B, male, lateral view. C, female, lateral view. Abbreviations (full terms in parentheses): ant (antenna), mxp (maxillary palpus), pro sp (prothoracic spiracle), rt (rostrum)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/172621/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="135A2A582D6FFFED5AFB16BEFDD7DB50" box="[496,513,1519,1545]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[264,367,754,778]" captionTargetBox="[316,1270,322,736]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[264,1323,296,751]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Plecia membranifera, pupa. A, male, frontal view. B, male, lateral view. C, female, lateral view. See Fig. 2 for abbreviations." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/172623/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">4</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="135A2A582D6FFFED591A16BEFDF5DB50" box="[529,547,1519,1545]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[264,367,744,768]" captionTargetBox="[313,1261,314,743]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[309,1286,302,745]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Plecia hadrosoma, pupa. A, male, frontal view. B, male, lateral view. C, female, lateral view. See Fig. 2 for abbreviations." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/172625/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">6</figureCitation>
): Head and thorax dark brown. Vertex without median process. Sheaths of antennae, maxillary palpi, and rostrum distinct; width between antennal sheaths narrow. Sheaths of fore legs almost wholly visible, those of middle legs nearly so, whereas only extremities of those of hind legs visible, and remainder of them concealed under wing sheaths. Sheaths of halters partly concealed under wing sheaths. Abdomen brown, consisting of 9 segments, more or less tapered caudally; each segment bearing processes (
<tableCitation id="C6E303662D6FFFED5A1B158EFEBEDBA0" box="[272,360,1759,1785]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="12.[264,352,283,307]" captionText="TABLE 1. Arrangement of the processes on the body segments. a: final­instar larva, b: pupa. T: thorax, A: abdomen. Arrangement of the processes is divided into dorsal, lateral, and ventral parts except for T 1 and A 9. Dorsal and ventral processes of each of T 2 – A 8 of the final­instar larva are subdivided into anterior, medial, and posterior rows. Venter of A 1 and A 2 of the pupa are covered by the leg and wing sheaths." pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Table 1</tableCitation>
b), of these, caudal ones stouter than others. Prothoracic spiracles and 6 pairs of spiracles on 2nd to 7th abdominal segments placed laterally; spiracles on 1st abdominal segment concealed under sheaths of halters on which wing sheaths lie.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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