204 lines
22 KiB
XML
204 lines
22 KiB
XML
<document id="4B37F585EEE90FB5AE894F1B005C4269" ID-CLB-Dataset="99508" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6419781" ID-GBIF-Dataset="37ddff76-af79-4681-a698-fc8f6a58bc6c" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6419781" IM.metadata_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" checkinTime="1600874096722" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="03A637439154FFE8E4EBC8922E75ABCB" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Mormoopidae_424.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Mormoops blainvillei Leach 1821" docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="437" masterDocId="FF9F4F3B9157FFEBE472C9232F51A072" masterDocTitle="Mormoopidae" masterLastPageNumber="443" masterPageNumber="424" pageNumber="437" updateTime="1698845891737" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="9F25669A4CEBEF323CE44439B59DFBBF">
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<mods:title id="FE884E364EAA6CAB470574E0F86AFF0E">Mormoopidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="70902336295EA9A6DBE3D5E79FAF04F1">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="98BAB703E4267E580C46077DBA26214F">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateIssued id="1143A08C1D29A188CC7E182FA8558CE1">2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther id="0CBBF85A6295FC85E620670D6EB4D5B4" type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="1ABB6BCDBA9530E47AEB7BEB2DC2CD47">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="39E02675AAB08B5100752F5A589563F9">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:titleInfo id="CEE0B452C29E95718101EA03145CC225">
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<mods:title id="16D845309F27F8705A82AF7237138485">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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<mods:start id="973D8A8F29349D6ED06BC972FE36D708">424</mods:start>
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<treatment id="03A637439154FFE8E4EBC8922E75ABCB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6606806" ID-GBIF-Taxon="197821925" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6606806" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A637439154FFE8E4EBC8922E75ABCB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A637439154FFE8E4EBC8922E75ABCB" lastPageNumber="437" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">
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<subSubSection id="C315D5DE9154FFE8E4EBC8922FE7A1A9" box="[153,182,433,475]" pageId="3" pageNumber="437" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="8BB086559154FFE8E4EBC8922FE7A1A9" blockId="3.[148,1234,429,553]" box="[153,182,433,475]" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">
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<heading id="D0F831399154FFE8E4EBC8922FE7A1A9" box="[153,182,433,475]" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">
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<figureCitation id="13349AD09154FFE8E4EBC8922FE7A1A9" box="[153,182,433,475]" captionStart="Plate 34: Mormoopidae" captionStartId="3.[148,178,3292,3317]" captionTargetBox="[14,2785,14,3657]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="1. Antllean Ghost-faced Bat (Mormoops blainuviller), 2. Peters’s Ghostfaced Bat (Mormoops megalophylla), 3. Davy’s Naked-backed Bat (Pteronotus davyi), 4. Thomas's Naked-backed Bat (Pteronotus fulvus), 5. Big Naked-backed Bat (Pteronotus gymnonotus), 6. Macleay’s Mustached Bat (Pleronotus macleayii), 7. Sooty Mustached Bat (Pleronotus quadridens), 8. Wagner's Lesser Mustached Bat (Pteronotus personatus), 9. Dobson’s Lesser Mustached Bat (Pteronotus psilotis), 10. Parnell’s Common Mustached Bat (Pteronotus parnellii), 11. Hispaniolan Common Mustached Bat (Preronotus pusillus), 12. Puerto Rican Common Mustached Bat (Pteronotus portoricensis), 13. Mexican Common Mustached Bat (Pteronotus mexicanus), 14. Mesoamerican Common Mustached Bat (Pteronotus mesoamericanus), 15. Allen’s Common Mustached Bat (Pleronotus fuscus), 16. Paraguana Common Mustached Bat (Pteronotus paraguanensis), 17. Womurs Common Mustached Bat (Pteronotus rubiginosus), 18. Amazonian Common Mustached Bat (Pteronotus alitonus)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6419849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6419849/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">1.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C315D5DE9154FFE8E4B6C8922D8CA1A9" box="[196,733,433,475]" pageId="3" pageNumber="437" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BB086559154FFE8E4B6C8922D8CA1A9" blockId="3.[148,1234,429,553]" box="[196,733,433,475]" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">
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<heading id="D0F831399154FFE8E4B6C8922D8CA1A9" box="[196,733,433,475]" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">
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<vernacularName id="050CF67B9154FFE8E4B6C8922D8CA1A9" box="[196,733,433,475]" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">Antllean Ghost-faced Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C315D5DE9154FFE8E77DC88E2BCBA1A9" box="[783,1178,429,475]" pageId="3" pageNumber="437" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB086559154FFE8E77DC88E2BCBA1A9" blockId="3.[148,1234,429,553]" box="[783,1178,429,475]" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">
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<heading id="D0F831399154FFE8E77DC88E2BCBA1A9" box="[783,1178,429,475]" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0FFDD69154FFE8E77DC88E2BCBA1A9" ID-CoL="73PGZ" ID-ENA="118852" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1821" box="[783,1178,429,475]" class="Mammalia" family="Mormoopidae" genus="Mormoops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="blainvillei">
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<emphasis id="B97B5A479154FFE8E77DC88E2BCBA1A9" box="[783,1178,429,475]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">Mormoops blainvillei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C315D5DE9154FFE8E4E7C8CF2DF2A25B" pageId="3" pageNumber="437" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BB086559154FFE8E4E7C8CF2B80A273" blockId="3.[148,1234,429,553]" box="[149,1233,492,513]" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">
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<heading id="D0F831399154FFE8E4E7C8CF2B80A273" box="[149,1233,492,513]" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">
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<emphasis id="B97B5A479154FFE8E4E7C8CF2FB0A273" bold="true" box="[149,225,492,513]" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="050CF67B9154FFE8E499C8CF2E84A273" box="[235,469,492,513]" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">Mormoops de Blainville</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B97B5A479154FFE8E598C8CF2D14A273" bold="true" box="[490,581,492,513]" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="050CF67B9154FFE8E63EC8CF2C37A273" box="[588,870,492,513]" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">Antillen-Kinnblattfledermaus</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B97B5A479154FFE8E709C8CF2C87A273" bold="true" box="[891,982,492,513]" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="050CF67B9154FFE8E792C8CF2B80A273" box="[992,1233,492,513]" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">Mormoépido de Blainville</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB086559154FFE8E4E7CB372DF2A25B" blockId="3.[148,1234,429,553]" box="[149,675,532,553]" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">
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<heading id="D0F831399154FFE8E4E7CB372DF2A25B" box="[149,675,532,553]" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">
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<emphasis id="B97B5A479154FFE8E4E7CB372EDDA25B" bold="true" box="[149,396,532,553]" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="050CF67B9154FFE8E5E4CB372DF2A25B" box="[406,675,532,553]" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">Blainville's Ghost-faced Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C315D5DE9154FFE8E688CB7D2CFAA2EF" pageId="3" pageNumber="437" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BB086559154FFE8E688CB7D2CFAA2EF" blockId="3.[761,1355,606,1026]" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">
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<emphasis id="B97B5A479154FFE8E688CB7D2CC4A205" bold="true" box="[762,917,606,631]" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C0FFDD69154FFE8E7CDCB7D2CF7A2EF" ID-CoL="853JX" authority="Leach" class="Mammalia" family="Mormoopidae" genus="Mormoops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="blainvillii">Mormoops blainvillii [sic] Leach, 1821</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C315D5DE9154FFE8E7C4CBA32B12A2EF" box="[950,1091,640,669]" pageId="3" pageNumber="437" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8BB086559154FFE8E7C4CBA32B12A2EF" blockId="3.[761,1355,606,1026]" box="[950,1091,640,669]" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B678C089154FFE8E7C4CBA32B12A2EF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3863927308" box="[950,1091,640,669]" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">
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||
“
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<collectingCountry id="F318C6C59154FFE8E7B2CBA32B65A2EF" box="[960,1076,640,669]" name="Jamaica" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
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.”
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C315D5DE9154FFE8E68BCB892D6BA5C6" pageId="3" pageNumber="437" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BB086559154FFE8E68BCB892D6BA5C6" blockId="3.[761,1355,606,1026]" lastBlockId="3.[146,1355,1032,3001]" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">
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W. E. Leach in 1821 described two new species, Aello cuviert and
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<taxonomicName id="4C0FFDD69154FFE8E019CBF22BA2A29C" box="[1131,1267,721,750]" class="Mammalia" family="Mormoopidae" genus="Mormoops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Mormoops</taxonomicName>
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blainvilliz, in the same volume of the Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, with Aello appearing eight pages before
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<taxonomicName id="4C0FFDD69154FFE8E689CA482CD5A3FE" box="[763,900,875,908]" class="Mammalia" family="Mormoopidae" genus="Mormoops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Mormoops</taxonomicName>
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. After examining the type specimens, G. E. Dobson in 1878 concluded that both names applied to the same species. Despite the page priority, he argued to retain the name
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<taxonomicName id="4C0FFDD69154FFE8E629CD2B2DB3A45B" box="[603,738,1032,1065]" class="Mammalia" family="Mormoopidae" genus="Mormoops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Mormoops</taxonomicName>
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because the definition of the genus Aello was incorrect, and the type specimen had lost many of the diagnostic characteristics. Based on Dobson’s recommendation, other subsequent revisions of the group chose the name
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<taxonomicName id="4C0FFDD69154FFE8E5FDCD5C2C6EA4D2" authority="over Aello" authorityName="over Aello" box="[399,831,1151,1184]" class="Mammalia" family="Mormoopidae" genus="Mormoops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="blainvillii">Mormoops blainvillii over Aello</taxonomicName>
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cuvieri. Hence, opinion 462 of the International Commission of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) in 1957 officially recognized the name
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<taxonomicName id="4C0FFDD69154FFE8E5A6CDED2D0AA49D" box="[468,603,1230,1263]" class="Mammalia" family="Mormoopidae" genus="Mormoops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Mormoops</taxonomicName>
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as having precedence over Aello. In this same document, the specific epithet
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<taxonomicName id="4C0FFDD69154FFE8E657CDD62DF8A564" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1821" box="[549,681,1269,1302]" class="Mammalia" family="Mormoopidae" genus="Mormoops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="blainvillei">blainvillei</taxonomicName>
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was placed as the correct spelling. Fossil records of
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<taxonomicName id="4C0FFDD69154FFE8E563CC3E2E97A54C" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1821" box="[273,454,1309,1342]" class="Mammalia" family="Mormoopidae" genus="Mormoops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="blainvillei">M. blainvillei</taxonomicName>
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are reported from several islands in
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<collectingCountry id="F318C6C59154FFE8E7AACC3E2BC1A54C" box="[984,1168,1309,1342]" name="Bahamas" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">the Bahamas</collectingCountry>
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and Greater Antilles and
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<collectingCountry id="F318C6C59154FFE8E53ECC6E2E9BA514" box="[332,458,1357,1382]" name="Anguilla" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">Anguilla</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F318C6C59154FFE8E5A8CC6E2D01A514" box="[474,592,1357,1382]" name="Antigua and Barbuda" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">Antigua</collectingCountry>
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, and
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<collectingCountry id="F318C6C59154FFE8E6D1CC6E2C4FA514" box="[675,798,1357,1382]" name="Antigua and Barbuda" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">Barbuda</collectingCountry>
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in the Lesser Antilles. Based on these records,
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<taxonomicName id="4C0FFDD69154FFE8E568CC572E84A5FF" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1821" box="[282,469,1396,1421]" class="Mammalia" family="Mormoopidae" genus="Mormoops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="blainvillei">M. blainvillei</taxonomicName>
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had a more extensive distribution in the late Quaternary than it has today. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C315D5DE9154FFE8E4E6CC9C2B64A5AE" box="[148,1077,1471,1500]" pageId="3" pageNumber="437" type="distribution">
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<caption id="DF70D6DD9154FFE8E4E6CC9C2B64A5AE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6419795" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6419795" box="[148,1077,1471,1500]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6419795/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="437" targetBox="[146,738,605,1020]" targetPageId="3">
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||
<paragraph id="8BB086559154FFE8E4E6CC9C2B64A5AE" blockId="3.[146,1355,1032,3001]" box="[148,1077,1471,1500]" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">
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||
<emphasis id="B97B5A479154FFE8E4E6CC9C2E15A5AE" bold="true" box="[148,324,1471,1500]" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">Distribution.</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="F318C6C59154FFE8E522CC9C2ECAA5AE" box="[336,411,1471,1500]" name="Cuba" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">Cuba</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F318C6C59154FFE8E5D7CC9C2D48A5AE" box="[421,537,1471,1500]" name="Jamaica" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
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, Hispaniola,
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<collectingCountry id="F318C6C59154FFE8E6A6CC9C2C2DA5AE" box="[724,892,1471,1500]" name="Puerto Rico" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">Puerto Rico</collectingCountry>
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, and Mona I.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C315D5DE9154FFE8E4E6CCC82E21A7FC" pageId="3" pageNumber="437" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BB086559154FFE8E4E6CCC82E21A7FC" blockId="3.[146,1355,1032,3001]" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">
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<emphasis id="B97B5A479154FFE8E4E6CCC82EC9A676" bold="true" box="[148,408,1515,1540]" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body ¢.52-56 mm, tail 28-30 mm, hindfoot 10-11 mm, forearm 43-50 mm; weight 6-11 g. Pelage is long, soft, and silky. Fur color varies from pale cinnamon to reddish; hairs are slightly darker dorsally than ventrally. Ears are short and rounded. Labionasal plate is complex, with nostrils surrounded by separate pads; margin above and between nostrils is characterized by several irregularly shaped tubercles. Skull rostrum is strongly upturned, almost at a 90° angle to braincase plane. Braincase is globular, with inflated parietals. Condylo-basal lengths are 12-14 mm. Incisors are delicate, separated from canines by conspicuous diastemata in upper tooth row. There is a geographical trend of increasing overall size from
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<collectingCountry id="F318C6C59154FFE8E495CE662E63A714" box="[231,306,1861,1894]" name="Cuba" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">Cuba</collectingCountry>
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to Hispaniola and
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<collectingCountry id="F318C6C59154FFE8E623CE662DAFA714" box="[593,766,1861,1894]" name="Puerto Rico" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">Puerto Rico</collectingCountry>
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, with Jamaican populations being intermediate in size.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C315D5DE9154FFE8E4E1CEB72E04A7AF" pageId="3" pageNumber="437" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB086559154FFE8E4E1CEB72E04A7AF" blockId="3.[146,1355,1032,3001]" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B5A479154FFE8E4E1CEB72E52A7C7" bold="true" box="[147,259,1940,1973]" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
Semi-open spaces along riverine galleries and forested terraces to forage and caves to roost.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C315D5DE9154FFE8E4E6CEC02DC2A821" pageId="3" pageNumber="437" type="food_feeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB086559154FFE8E4E6CEC02DC2A821" blockId="3.[146,1355,1032,3001]" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B5A479154FFE8E4E6CEC02ECDA876" bold="true" box="[148,412,2019,2052]" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
|
||
The Antillean Ghost-faced Bat feeds exclusively on insects, mostly small lepidopterans, but dipterans, homopterans, coleopterans, and ephemeropterans have also been reported in diets.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C315D5DE9154FFE8E4E1C1792E46A883" pageId="3" pageNumber="437" type="breeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB086559154FFE8E4E1C1792E46A883" blockId="3.[146,1355,1032,3001]" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B5A479154FFE8E4E1C1792E4BA809" bold="true" box="[147,282,2138,2171]" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
||
The Antillean Ghostfaced Bat is monoestrous and has one young per year. Records on reproductive status in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F318C6C59154FFE8E603C1A22DEAA8D0" box="[625,699,2177,2210]" name="Cuba" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">Cuba</collectingCountry>
|
||
noted pregnancy in March—June and lactation until September. There is sexual segregation in roosts at least during part of reproductive cycle.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C315D5DE9154FFE8E4E0C1DB2E55AA74" pageId="3" pageNumber="437" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB086559154FFE8E4E0C1DB2E55AA74" blockId="3.[146,1355,1032,3001]" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B5A479154FFE8E4E0C1DB2ED9A96B" bold="true" box="[146,392,2296,2329]" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
The Antillean Ghost-faced Bat usually flies at greater heights and faster speeds compared with sympatric species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0FFDD69154FFE8E700C03C2CAFA932" box="[882,1022,2335,2368]" class="Mammalia" family="Mormoopidae" genus="Pteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pteronotus</taxonomicName>
|
||
. It is nocturnal; foraging activity starts relatively late after dark and is consistent throughout the night. Higher activity levels are associated with primary forest sites. Echolocation calls during search phase consist of short and steep FM pulses averaging c.3 milliseconds, with up to four harmonics; second harmonic of 48-69kHz is typically most intense.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C315D5DE9154FFE8E4E1C32F2C25AAD6" pageId="3" pageNumber="437" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB086559154FFE8E4E1C32F2C25AAD6" blockId="3.[146,1355,1032,3001]" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B5A479154FFE8E4E1C32F2C02AA5F" bold="true" box="[147,851,2572,2605]" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
Antillean Ghostfaced Bats roost in hot, humid, and large caves, where colonies containing many thousands of individuals can be observed. They are commonly found roosting with other bat species, particularly mormoopids, but in spatially separated clusters.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C315D5DE9154FFE8E4E6C38D2E29AB68" pageId="3" pageNumber="437" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB086559154FFE8E4E6C38D2E29AB68" blockId="3.[146,1355,1032,3001]" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B5A479154FFE8E4E6C38D2EA0AAB9" bold="true" box="[148,497,2734,2763]" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. The Antillean Ghostfaced Bat is one of the most abundant species of insectivorous bats in the Greater Antilles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C315D5DE9154FFE8E4E6C2092E75ABCB" pageId="3" pageNumber="437" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB086559154FFE8E4E6C2092E75ABCB" blockId="3.[146,1355,1032,3001]" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B5A479154FFE8E4E6C2092E7CAB31" bold="true" box="[148,301,2858,2883]" pageId="3" pageNumber="437">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Dobson (1878), Emrich et al. (2014), Genoways et al. (2005), ICZN (1957), Jennings et al. (2004), Lancaster & Kalko (1996), Leach (1821), Macias et al. (2006), Mancina et al. (2012), Morgan (2001), Patton & Gardner (2008), Rodriguez-Duran & Padilla-Rodriguez (2010), Rolfe et al. (2014), Simmons & Conway (2001), Smith (1972).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |