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<document id="0422A40C1AC12C6349D2DE5A7CA861A7" ID-DOI="10.4467/16890027AP.19.016.12018" ID-ISSN="1689-0027" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12637266" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1720033840280" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Lee, Won Je" docDate="2019" docId="03A2D80FFF96FFB54540FE5AFC625BB7" docLanguage="en" docName="ActaProtozool.58.4.167-189.pdf" docOrigin="Acta Protozoologica 58 (4)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/16890027ap.19.016.12018" docStyle="DocumentStyle:64ABA4BEA387EE5C24A0DDEB32CC92E7.3:ActaProtozool.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="64ABA4BEA387EE5C24A0DDEB32CC92E7" docStyleName="ActaProtozool.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Spironema multiciliatum Klebs 1893" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="178" masterDocId="FF9BA077FF9DFFBE460FFFD6FFA85879" masterDocTitle="Small Free-Living Heterotrophic Flagellates from Marine Intertidal Sediments of the Sydney Region, Australia" masterLastPageNumber="189" masterPageNumber="167" pageNumber="178" updateTime="1720034970445" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="E260A03EED8D25AA902198E9447EA317">Small Free-Living Heterotrophic Flagellates from Marine Intertidal Sediments of the Sydney Region, Australia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FEE4589814C36AD71F34C8C45C7F5D24">Lee, Won Je</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03A2D80FFF96FFB54540FE5AFC625BB7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A2D80FFF96FFB54540FE5AFC625BB7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A2D80FFF96FFB54540FE5AFC625BB7" lastPageNumber="178" pageId="11" pageNumber="178">
<subSubSection id="C3113A92FF96FFB54540FE5AFABA59DF" box="[847,1298,395,422]" pageId="11" pageNumber="178" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BB46919FF96FFB54540FE5AFABA59DF" blockId="11.[809,1456,361,975]" box="[847,1298,395,422]" pageId="11" pageNumber="178">
<heading id="D0FCDE75FF96FFB54540FE5AFABA59DF" box="[847,1298,395,422]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="178" reason="5">
<taxonomicName id="4C0B129AFF96FFB54540FE5AFABA59DF" authority="Klebs, 1893" authorityName="Klebs" authorityYear="1893" box="[847,1298,395,422]" class="Microsporea" family="Thelohaniidae" genus="Spironema" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="11" pageNumber="178" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="multiciliatum">
<emphasis id="B97FB50BFF96FFB54540FE5AFBD559DF" bold="true" box="[847,1149,395,422]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="178">Spironema multiciliatum</emphasis>
Klebs, 1893
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<subSubSection id="C3113A92FF96FFB54540FE78FA805AA5" pageId="11" pageNumber="178" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BB46919FF96FFB54540FE78FC4759B1" blockId="11.[809,1456,361,975]" box="[847,1007,430,456]" pageId="11" pageNumber="178">
<figureCitation id="1330759CFF96FFB54540FE78FC0059B1" box="[847,936,430,456]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[125,160,1808,1830]" captionText="Fig. 1. Archamoeba, Trepomonadea, Retortamonadida, Choanoflagellatea, Kathablepharidae, Telonemida, Heterolobosea, Kinetoplastida, Hemimastigida, Stephanopogonidae, Colpodellida and Stramenopiles. (a)(b) Mastigamoeba pasmmobia, (c) Hexamita inflata, (d) Trepomonas agilis, (e) Chilomastix cuspidata, (f) Saepicula pulchra, (g) Roombia truncata, (h) Telonema subtilis, (i) Harpagon descissus, (j) Rhynchobodo longiciliatus, (k) Spironema multiciliatum (from Lee 2015), (l) Stephanopogon sp., (m) Bicosoeca conica. (n) Psammosa unguis. Scale bar = 10 μm for all figures." pageId="11" pageNumber="178">Figs 1k</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1330759CFF96FFB545BBFE78FC4759B1" box="[948,1007,430,456]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[132,167,1697,1719]" captionTargetBox="[136,1467,223,1669]" captionTargetId="figure-8@8.[136,1467,223,1669]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 2. (a)(b) Mastigamoeba psammobia, (a) general appearance of cell, note cytoplasms drawn from the posterior end, (b) general appearance of different cell and note pseudopodia. (c) Hexamita inflata, general appearance, note the nucleus. (d) Trepomonas agilis, general appearance of cell. (e) Chilomastix cuspidata, showing general appearance. (f) Stephanopogon sp., showing general appearance. (g) Saepicula pulchra, showing general appearance of cell. (h)(j) Goniomonas amphinema. (h) Form I, (i) Form II, (j) Form III, note flagellar ar- rangement. (k) Roombia truncata, note attached cell to the substrate by the tip of the posterior flagellum, note extrusomes, surface striations and deep gullet. (l) Telonema subtilis, showing general appearance. (m) Harpagon descissus, general appearance of cell. (n)(o) Spironema multiciliatum, (n) general appearance of cell, (o) note the kinetics. (p) Psammosa unguis, general appearance of cell. (q) Bicosoeca conica, general appearance of cell. (r) Apusomonas proboscidea, genera appearance of cell, note the V-shaped structure on dorsal face. All micrographs are DIC images except for (b), which is phase contrast images. Scale bar in (r) = 10 μm for all figures." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12637272" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12637272/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="178">2no</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB46919FF96FFB54540FE06FA805AA5" blockId="11.[809,1456,361,975]" pageId="11" pageNumber="178">
<emphasis id="B97FB50BFF96FFB54540FE06FC755993" bold="true" box="[847,989,464,490]" pageId="11" pageNumber="178">Description</emphasis>
: Cells are lanceolate, relatively flattened and flexible. The cells have a spiral groove, long kinetics and a tail, which tapers posteriorly, and are 1521 µm without the tail. The nucleus is located anteriorly or near the centre of the cell. When the cells are squashed, the cells are more flexible. Food materials are seen un- der the cell surface. Frequently observed at Woolooware Bay. Description based on records of 5 cells.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3113A92FF96FFB54540FD33FC625BB7" pageId="11" pageNumber="178" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BB46919FF96FFB54540FD33FC625BB7" blockId="11.[809,1456,361,975]" pageId="11" pageNumber="178">
<emphasis id="B97FB50BFF96FFB54540FD33FC695A86" bold="true" box="[847,961,741,767]" pageId="11" pageNumber="178">Remarks</emphasis>
: This species has been reported at marine sites in Gippsland Basin,
<collectingCountry id="F31C2989FF96FFB54269FCD1FB7A5B58" box="[1126,1234,775,801]" name="Australia" pageId="11" pageNumber="178">Australia</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F31C2989FF96FFB5431AFCD1FAC55B58" box="[1301,1389,775,801]" name="Canada" pageId="11" pageNumber="178">Canada</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A14E8FF96FFB5438EFCDEFCCF5B3C" author="Lee W. J." pageId="11" pageNumber="178" pagination="53 - 76" refId="ref14991" refString="Lee W. J. (2015) Small free-living heterotrophic flagellates from marine sediments of Gippsland Basin, South-Eastern Australia. Acta Protozool. 54: 53 - 76" type="journal article" year="2015">Lee 2015</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A14E8FF96FFB54579FCFDFB905B3D" author="Lax G. &amp; Eglit Y. &amp; Eme L. &amp; Nertrand E. M. &amp; Roger A. J. &amp; Simpson A. G. B." box="[886,1080,810,837]" pageId="11" pageNumber="178" pagination="410 - 414" refId="ref14670" refString="Lax G., Eglit Y., Eme L., Nertrand E. M., Roger A. J., Simpson A. G. B. (2018) Hemimastigophora is a novel supra-kingdomlevel lineage of eukaryotes. Nature 564: 410 - 414" type="journal article" year="2018">Lax et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
). It resembles
<taxonomicName id="4C0B129AFF96FFB542E2FCFCFB365B1E" authority="Foissner et Foissner, 1993" authorityName="Foissner et Foissner" authorityYear="1993" family="Spironemidae" genus="Stereonema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="11" pageNumber="178" rank="species" species="geiseri">
<emphasis id="B97FB50BFF96FFB542E2FCFCFCFD5B1F" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="178">Stereonema geiseri</emphasis>
Foissner et Foissner,
<quantity id="4CF3C4FCFF96FFB5426CFC9BFB365B1E" box="[1123,1182,845,871]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.06222" pageId="11" pageNumber="178" unit="in" value="1993.0">1993</quantity>
</taxonomicName>
in general appearance of cell.
<taxonomicName id="4C0B129AFF96FFB54583FCB9FBDA5BF0" authorityName="Foissner et Foissner" authorityYear="1993" box="[908,1138,879,905]" family="Spironemidae" genus="Stereonema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="11" pageNumber="178" rank="species" species="geiseri">
<emphasis id="B97FB50BFF96FFB54583FCB9FBDA5BF0" box="[908,1138,879,905]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="178">Stereonema geiseri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was regarded as a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C0B129AFF96FFB545B5FC44FB735BD5" authorityName="Klebs" authorityYear="1893" box="[954,1243,914,940]" class="Microsporea" family="Thelohaniidae" genus="Spironema" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Meiodihaplophasida" pageId="11" pageNumber="178" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="multiciliatum">
<emphasis id="B97FB50BFF96FFB545B5FC44FB735BD5" box="[954,1243,914,940]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="178">Spironema multiciliatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A14E8FF96FFB54316FC44FA2E5BD5" author="Lee W. J." box="[1305,1414,913,940]" pageId="11" pageNumber="178" pagination="53 - 76" refId="ref14991" refString="Lee W. J. (2015) Small free-living heterotrophic flagellates from marine sediments of Gippsland Basin, South-Eastern Australia. Acta Protozool. 54: 53 - 76" type="journal article" year="2015">Lee 2015</bibRefCitation>
for more details).
</paragraph>
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