treatments-xml/data/03/92/DE/0392DE4AFC04FFFBFCA20BA2FCF2A8A8.xml

<document ID-DOI="10.3853/j.2201-4349.74.2022.1775" ID-ISSN="2201-4349" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7177922" approvalRequired="7" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="5" approvalRequired_for_treatments="2" checkinTime="1665305657841" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Billingham, Zacariah D. &amp; Theischinger, Gunther" docDate="2022" docId="0392DE4AFC04FFFBFCA20BA2FCF2A8A8" docLanguage="en" docName="RecAustMus.74.1.19–40.pdf" docOrigin="Records of the Australian Museum (Rec. Aust. Mus.) 74 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.2201-4349.74.2022.1775" docStyle="DocumentStyle:997BA24B490466A2F99594A367FA147F.1:RecAustMus.2019-.journal_article" docStyleId="997BA24B490466A2F99594A367FA147F" docStyleName="RecAustMus.2019-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Molophilus (Molophilus) sinuostylus Billingham &amp; Theischinger 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="25" masterDocId="FFABA632FC01FFFDFF990B35FFFEAA2C" masterDocTitle="New and Poorly Known Species of Crane Flies (Diptera: Limoniidae) from New South Wales, Australia" masterLastPageNumber="40" masterPageNumber="19" pageNumber="24" updateTime="1665324244475" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>New and Poorly Known Species of Crane Flies (Diptera: Limoniidae) from New South Wales, Australia</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Billingham, Zacariah D.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Water Sciences, Natural Resources and Heritage, GHD, 180 Lonsdale Street, Melbourne VIC 3000, Australia &amp; PhD candidate, Department of Ecology, Environment and Evolution, La Trobe University, Bundoora VIC 3086, Australia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Theischinger, Gunther</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Research Associate, Australian Museum Research Institute, Australian Museum, 6 College Street, Sydney NSW 2010, Australia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:title>Records of the Australian Museum</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="series">
<mods:title>Rec. Aust. Mus.</mods:title>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2022-03-09</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>74</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="issue">
<mods:number>1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>19</mods:start>
<mods:end>40</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.2201-4349.74.2022.1775</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.3853/j.2201-4349.74.2022.1775</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">2201-4349</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7177922</mods:identifier>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0392DE4AFC04FFFBFCA20BA2FCF2A8A8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0392DE4AFC04FFFBFCA20BA2FCF2A8A8" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="24" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="5.[827,1388,151,178]" box="[827,1388,151,178]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
<heading bold="true" box="[827,1388,151,178]" centered="true" fontSize="12" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" reason="2">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[827,1388,151,178]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName authority="Billingham &amp; Theischinger, 2022" authorityName="Billingham &amp; Theischinger" authorityYear="2022" box="[827,1284,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Molophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinuostylus" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Molophilus">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[827,1284,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Molophilus (Molophilus) sinuostylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1292,1388,151,177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="5.[813,1402,200,218]" box="[813,1402,200,218]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
<uri box="[813,1402,200,218]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 
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</uri>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection box="[1041,1174,247,273]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="5.[1041,1174,247,273]" box="[1041,1174,247,273]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
<figureCitation box="[1041,1174,247,273]" captionStart="Figures 10–11" captionStartId="5.[121,198,1971,1993]" captionTargetBox="[205,1300,1429,1965]" captionTargetId="figure-521@5.[121,1421,1429,1966]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figures 10–11. Molophilus (Molophilus) sinuostylus sp. nov., male. (10) head colouration, dorsal; (11) hypopygium, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7177936" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7177936/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Figs 10–11</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="24" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="5.[794,1422,292,404]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2018-11-13" collectionCode="AM" collectorName="Z. Billingham &amp; G. Theischinger" country="Australia" county="Barrington Tops" latitude="-31.982" location="Copperhead Crossing Track" longLatPrecision="72" longitude="151.458" municipality="Little Murray Creek" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="New South Wales" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[794,903,292,316]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
<typeStatus box="[794,903,292,316]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount box="[914,936,292,315]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
, 
<collectingCountry box="[951,1058,292,316]" name="Australia" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Australia</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingRegion box="[1074,1284,292,316]" country="Australia" name="New South Wales" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">New South Wales</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCounty pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Barrington Tops</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingMunicipality box="[861,1079,321,345]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Little Murray Creek</collectingMunicipality>
by 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0392DE4AFC04FFFBFCA20BA2FCF2A8A8:8EE43987FC04FFF8FBF80A74FA70AB75" box="[1121,1422,321,345]" country="Australia" county="Barrington Tops" latitude="-31.982" longLatPrecision="72" longitude="151.458" municipality="Little Murray Creek" name="Copperhead Crossing Track" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" stateProvince="New South Wales">Copperhead Crossing Track</location>
(
<geoCoordinate box="[801,901,350,374]" degrees="31.982" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" precision="55" value="-31.982">
31.982 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[876,901,350,374]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">°S</emphasis>
</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate box="[910,1027,350,374]" degrees="151.458" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" precision="55" value="151.458">151.458°E</geoCoordinate>
), 
<date box="[1048,1193,350,374]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" value="2018-11-13">
<collectingDate box="[1048,1193,350,374]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" value="2018-11-13">13 Nov 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName box="[1206,1357,350,374]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Z. Billingham</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName pageId="5" pageNumber="24">G. Theischinger</collectorName>
, 
<collectionCode box="[944,987,380,404]" country="Australia" name="Australian Museum" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" type="Museum">AM</collectionCode>
(K.394959).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7177934" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7177934" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7177934/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" startId="5.[121,189,631,653]" targetBox="[121,743,149,613]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph blockId="5.[121,748,631,680]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[121,211,631,653]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Figure 9</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1929" box="[226,547,631,652]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Molophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opulus" subGenus="Molophilus">
<emphasis box="[226,547,631,652]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Molophilus (Molophilus) opulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, female, ovipositor, lateral.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph blockId="5.[121,749,717,1034]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[121,205,717,741]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Female</emphasis>
. Size and coloration much the same as in male. Ovipositor (
<figureCitation box="[257,320,746,770]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="5.[121,189,631,653]" captionTargetBox="[121,743,149,613]" captionTargetId="figure-553@5.[121,748,149,626]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 9. Molophilus (Molophilus) opulus, female, ovipositor, lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7177934" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7177934/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Fig 9</figureCitation>
) with tenth tergite short, stout, when viewed dorsally about as wide as long, with a short, rounded projection on dorsal surface before articulation with cerci. Cerci fused at base and forming a ventral concave area densely lined with short spinules. Beyond fused area cercus very short and strongly curving dorsad, tip sharply pointed. Sternite 9 short, with a membranous area along the dorsal edge. Hypogynial valve becoming membranous at about ⅔ its length, the tip rounded and fleshy, reaching about ½ the length of the cercus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="24" type="discussion">
<paragraph blockId="5.[120,749,1055,1402]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[121,241,1055,1079]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Discussion</emphasis>
. The highly modified ovipositor seen in 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1929" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Molophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opulus" subGenus="Molophilus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">M. (M.) opulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with short, stout tenth tergite and short, strongly curved cercus with basal fused area is shared with the closely related species 
<taxonomicName authority="Alexander, 1931" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1931" box="[277,614,1143,1167]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Molophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vividus" subGenus="Molophilus">
<emphasis box="[277,435,1143,1167]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">M. (M.) vividus</emphasis>
Alexander, 1931
</taxonomicName>
. However, in 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1931" box="[121,281,1173,1197]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Molophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vividus" subGenus="Molophilus">
<emphasis box="[121,281,1173,1197]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">M. (M.) vividus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the apex of the hypogynial valve reaches the full length of the cercus, while in 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1929" box="[480,639,1202,1226]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Molophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opulus" subGenus="Molophilus">
<emphasis box="[480,639,1202,1226]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">M. (M.) opulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
it extends only about ½ the length. This modified form of ovipositor is likely also shared with two other presumedly closely related species known only from northern 
<collectingRegion box="[580,709,1290,1314]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Queensland</collectingRegion>
, 
<taxonomicName authority="Alexander, 1927" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1927" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Molophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mjobergi" subGenus="Molophilus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">M. (M.) mjobergi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Alexander, C. P." box="[278,457,1319,1343]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" pagination="42 - 72" refId="ref12190" refString="Alexander, C. P. 1927. The interpretation of the radial field of the wing in the Nematocerous Diptera, with special reference to the Tipulidae. Proceedings of the Linnaean Society of New South Wales 52: 42 - 72." type="journal article" year="1927">Alexander, 1927</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName authority="Billingham &amp; Theischinger, 2019" authorityName="Billingham &amp; Theischinger" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Molophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mediolobatus" subGenus="Molophilus">
<emphasis box="[512,749,1319,1343]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">M. (M.) mediolobatus</emphasis>
Billingham &amp; Theischinger, 2019
</taxonomicName>
, although females are not known for these two species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="24" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="5.[793,1422,422,1326]" box="[794,1110,422,446]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[794,926,422,446]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Description</emphasis>
<specimenCount box="[932,952,423,446]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
(
<specimenCount box="[970,988,422,446]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
unknown).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="5.[793,1422,422,1326]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis box="[824,882,452,476]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Head</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation box="[895,974,452,476]" captionStart="Figures 10–11" captionStartId="5.[121,198,1971,1993]" captionTargetBox="[205,1300,1429,1965]" captionTargetId="figure-521@5.[121,1421,1429,1966]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figures 10–11. Molophilus (Molophilus) sinuostylus sp. nov., male. (10) head colouration, dorsal; (11) hypopygium, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7177936" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7177936/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
): dark greyish brown, with prominent pale yellow areas at the dorsal and ventral margins of the orbit, antenna and palpus paler brownish grey.Antenna of moderate length, extending back to mediotergite.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="5.[793,1422,422,1326]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis box="[824,908,569,593]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Thorax.</emphasis>
Pronotum with dorsal angle pale yellow to white, otherwise dark greyish brown. Prescutum and mediotergite dark greyish brown. Scutum dark greyish brown with posterior margins of scutal lobes pale yellowish brown. Scutellum largely pale yellowish brown. Paratergite pale yellow to white, in combination with pale dorsal angle of pronotum forming a distinct pale stripe between terga and pleura. Cervical sclerite, propleuron and majority of pleurites dark brown, meron and metepisternum paler brown. Coxae, trochanters and basal ⅓ of femora pale brownish yellow, remainder of femora dark greyish brown. Tibiae and tarsi dark greyish brown. Wing pale grey with veins darker grey. Halter with stem and knob whitish.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="5.[793,1422,422,1326]" box="[824,1100,950,974]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis box="[824,925,950,974]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Abdomen</emphasis>
: greyish brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="5.[793,1422,422,1326]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName box="[824,939,980,1004]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Combretaceae" genus="Terminalia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[824,939,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Terminalia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation box="[952,1028,980,1004]" captionStart="Figures 10–11" captionStartId="5.[121,198,1971,1993]" captionTargetBox="[205,1300,1429,1965]" captionTargetId="figure-521@5.[121,1421,1429,1966]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figures 10–11. Molophilus (Molophilus) sinuostylus sp. nov., male. (10) head colouration, dorsal; (11) hypopygium, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7177936" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7177936/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
). Hypopygium brownish yellow, lobe of tergite 9 rather long, rectangular. Gonocoxite with long slender lateral lobe, ventral lobe of similar length, wider, and apically bluntly rounded, medial lobe short and rounded. Inner gonostylus long, sinuous, curving strongly laterally towards the apex, with a strong apical spine arising from within a membranous sheath. Outer gonostylus a straight rod, somewhat wider than inner gonostylus, narrowed at ⅔ length then widening again to form a broadly rounded, minutely serrate apex.Aedeagus short, moderately wide and conical. Parameres fused, quadrate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="5.[793,1422,422,1326]" box="[824,1418,1302,1326]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis box="[824,957,1303,1326]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Dimensions.</emphasis>
Body length 
<quantity box="[1101,1185,1302,1326]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="5.3">5.3 mm</quantity>
, wing length 
<quantity box="[1329,1414,1302,1326]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="5.5">5.5 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="24" type="etymology">
<paragraph blockId="5.[794,1421,1348,1401]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[794,918,1348,1372]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Etymology</emphasis>
. This species is named with reference to the distinct sinuous form of the inner gonostylus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7177936" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7177936" box="[121,1371,1971,1993]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7177936/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" startId="5.[121,198,1971,1993]" targetBox="[205,1300,1429,1965]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph blockId="5.[121,1371,1971,1993]" box="[121,1371,1971,1993]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[121,263,1971,1993]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Figures 10–11</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName authority="Billingham &amp; Theischinger, 2022" authorityName="Billingham &amp; Theischinger" authorityYear="2022" box="[274,628,1971,1992]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Molophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinuostylus" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Molophilus">
<emphasis box="[274,628,1971,1992]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Molophilus (Molophilus) sinuostylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[634,711,1971,1992]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, male. (
<emphasis box="[786,810,1971,1992]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">10</emphasis>
) head colouration, dorsal; (
<emphasis box="[1076,1098,1971,1992]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">11</emphasis>
) hypopygium, ventral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="25" type="discussion">
<paragraph blockId="6.[165,795,151,645]" pageId="6" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[166,286,151,175]" pageId="6" pageNumber="25">Discussion</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Billingham &amp; Theischinger" authorityYear="2022" box="[298,596,151,175]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Molophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinuostylus" subGenus="Molophilus">
<emphasis box="[298,596,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="25">Molophilus (M.) sinuostylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is allied to a group of five morphologically similar species including 
<taxonomicName authority="Alexander, 1927" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1927" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Molophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="difficilis" subGenus="Molophilus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="25">M. (M.) difficilis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Alexander, C. P." box="[266,458,210,234]" pageId="6" pageNumber="25" pagination="42 - 72" refId="ref12190" refString="Alexander, C. P. 1927. The interpretation of the radial field of the wing in the Nematocerous Diptera, with special reference to the Tipulidae. Proceedings of the Linnaean Society of New South Wales 52: 42 - 72." type="journal article" year="1927">Alexander, 1927</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authority="Alexander, 1927" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1927" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Molophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exsertus" subGenus="Molophilus">
<emphasis box="[473,664,211,234]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="25">M. (M.) exsertus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Alexander, C. P." pageId="6" pageNumber="25" pagination="42 - 72" refId="ref12190" refString="Alexander, C. P. 1927. The interpretation of the radial field of the wing in the Nematocerous Diptera, with special reference to the Tipulidae. Proceedings of the Linnaean Society of New South Wales 52: 42 - 72." type="journal article" year="1927">Alexander, 1927</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authority="Alexander, 1930" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1930" box="[239,691,239,264]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Molophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spiculistylatus" subGenus="Molophilus">
<emphasis box="[239,494,239,263]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="25">M. (M.) spiculistylatus</emphasis>
Alexander, 1930
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authority="Theischinger, 1992" authorityName="Theischinger" authorityYear="1992" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Molophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insertus" subGenus="Molophilus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="25">M. (M.) insertus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Theischinger, G." box="[256,459,269,293]" pageId="6" pageNumber="25" pagination="5 - 150" refId="ref12776" refString="Theischinger, G. 1992. The Limoniinae (Diptera: Tipulidae) of Australia. II. The genus Molophilus Curtis. Stapfia 27: 5 - 150." type="journal article" year="1992">Theischinger, 1992</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName authority="Billingham &amp; Theischinger, 2018" authorityName="Billingham &amp; Theischinger" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Molophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="breeae" subGenus="Molophilus">
<emphasis box="[510,668,269,293]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="25">M. (M.) breeae</emphasis>
Billingham &amp; Theischinger, 2018
</taxonomicName>
. Of these species 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Billingham &amp; Theischinger" authorityYear="2022" box="[588,794,298,322]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Molophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinuostylus" subGenus="Molophilus">
<emphasis box="[588,794,298,322]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="25">M. (M.) sinuostylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
most closely resembles 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1927" box="[419,595,327,351]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Molophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="difficilis" subGenus="Molophilus">
<emphasis box="[419,595,327,351]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="25">M. (M.) difficilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, both possessing a sinuous inner gonostylus and short and rounded medial lobe of the gonocoxite, while the remaining species have a straight inner gonostylus and a sharply pointed or hooked medial lobe. 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Billingham &amp; Theischinger" authorityYear="2022" box="[228,533,445,469]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Molophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinuostylus" subGenus="Molophilus">
<emphasis box="[228,533,445,469]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="25">Molophilus (M.) sinuostylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is readily distinguished from 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1927" box="[226,405,474,498]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Molophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="difficilis" subGenus="Molophilus">
<emphasis box="[226,405,474,498]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="25">M. (M.) difficilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the length of the apical spine of the inner gonostylus, which is nearly ⅓ the length of the gonostylus in 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1927" box="[313,486,533,557]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Molophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="difficilis" subGenus="Molophilus">
<emphasis box="[313,486,533,557]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="25">M. (M.) difficilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, while in 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Billingham &amp; Theischinger" authorityYear="2022" box="[589,794,533,557]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Molophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinuostylus" subGenus="Molophilus">
<emphasis box="[589,794,533,557]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="25">M. (M.) sinuostylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the apical spine is barely ⅕ the length of the gonostylus, and by the apex of the outer gonostylus, which is smooth in 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1927" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Molophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="difficilis" subGenus="Molophilus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="25">M. (M.) difficilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and minutely serrate in 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Billingham &amp; Theischinger" authorityYear="2022" box="[565,773,621,645]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Molophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinuostylus" subGenus="Molophilus">
<emphasis box="[565,773,621,645]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="25">M. (M.) sinuostylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>