188 lines
20 KiB
XML
188 lines
20 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="A3D927C09A2D08EE5357BCD4D4AFA6E5">An annotated checklist of the chondrichthyans of South Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="14702BDA1529B00005139B9FF79CE76F">Ebert, David A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A787D0A1D37FFFCA2AF1A0D6058D6E83">Wintner, Sabine P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="603A2B5AF11902D716A8C5098E63154C">Kyne, Peter M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="9EF5F44D6379B001EC0E4A29D60B68A7" type="email">debert@mlml.calstate.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:date id="2C286433033BA3B2B6E9E794928A906B">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="399B35BF22FF661E31C3A62B47CEDBC5">2021-03-17</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="1EE90E691B0D3A057884ECFAEA940CC0">4947</mods:number>
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<treatment id="039287A19553FFB4CFF758DBFDED24AA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4693922" ID-GBIF-Taxon="181006846" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4693922" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039287A19553FFB4CFF758DBFDED24AA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039287A19553FFB4CFF758DBFDED24AA" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
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<subSubSection id="C321653C9553FFB4CFF758DBFD95229F" box="[151,620,726,753]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8436B79553FFB4CFF758DBFD95229F" blockId="58.[151,1437,726,1221]" box="[151,620,726,753]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
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<heading id="D0CC81DB9553FFB4CFF758DBFD95229F" bold="true" box="[151,620,726,753]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349553FFB4CFF758DBFD95229F" ID-CoL="3KRYJ" ID-ENA="496090" authority="(Klunzinger, 1871)" baseAuthorityName="Klunzinger" baseAuthorityYear="1871" box="[151,620,726,753]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Hemigaleidae" genus="Hemipristis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elongata">
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA59553FFB4CFF758DBFD95229F" bold="true" box="[151,620,726,753]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA59553FFB4CFF758DBFE71229E" bold="true" box="[151,392,726,753]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Hemipristis elongata</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469553FFB4CEF658DBFD9D229F" author="Klunzinger" box="[406,612,726,752]" firstAuthor="Klunzinger" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="441 - 688" refId="ref106907" refString="Klunzinger, C. B. (1871) Synopsis der Fische des Rothen Meeres. II. Theil. Verhandlungen der K. - K. zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 21, 441 - 688. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 14760" type="journal article" year="1871">Klunzinger, 1871</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C321653C9553FFB4CFF758F7FE8A237B" box="[151,371,762,788]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8B8436B79553FFB4CFF758F7FE8A237B" blockId="58.[151,1437,726,1221]" box="[151,371,762,788]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Snaggletooth Shark</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C321653C9553FFB4CFF75913FDBD2383" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B8436B79553FFB4CFF75913FE822333" blockId="58.[151,1437,726,1221]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9A10A69553FFB4CFF75913FD6F2356" author="Klunzinger, C. B." box="[151,662,798,825]" page="665" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" year="1871">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349553FFB4CFF75913FD6F2356" ID-CoL="36RVW" authority="Klunzinger, 1871: 665" authorityName="Klunzinger" authorityPageNumber="665" authorityYear="1871" box="[151,662,798,825]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Hemigaleidae" genus="Dirrhizodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elongatus">
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA59553FFB4CFF75913FE6D2357" box="[151,404,798,824]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Dirrhizodon elongatus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469553FFB4CEFA5913FD6F2356" author="Klunzinger" box="[410,662,798,825]" firstAuthor="Klunzinger" page="665" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="441 - 688" refId="ref106907" refString="Klunzinger, C. B. (1871) Synopsis der Fische des Rothen Meeres. II. Theil. Verhandlungen der K. - K. zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 21, 441 - 688. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 14760" type="journal article" year="1871">Klunzinger, 1871: 665</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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<typeStatus id="548088159553FFB4CDC05913FCF42357" box="[672,781,798,824]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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<specimenCode id="DB9D9ECC9553FFB4CC755913FC662357" box="[789,927,798,824]" collectionCode="SMNS" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34840" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34840" name="Staatliches Museum fuer Naturkund Stuttgart" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">SMNS 1640</specimenCode>
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(dry); probably lost. Type locality:
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<location id="8EE4606C9553FFB4CA465913FA612357" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039287A19553FFB4CFF758DBFDED24AA:8EE4606C9553FFB4CA465913FA612357" box="[1318,1432,798,824]" country="Egypt" name="Al-Qusair" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Al-Qusair</location>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F32C76279553FFB4CFA6594EFEF52332" box="[198,268,835,861]" name="Egypt" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Egypt</collectingCountry>
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, Red Sea.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8436B79553FFB4CFF7596BFDBD2383" blockId="58.[151,1437,726,1221]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA59553FFB4CFF7596BFEA223EF" bold="true" box="[151,347,870,896]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Local synonymy</emphasis>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349553FFB4CE0A596AFC9123EF" ID-CoL="36RVW" authority=": Bass et al., 1975 b: 29" authorityName="Bass" authorityPageNumber="29" authorityYear="1975" box="[362,872,870,897]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Hemigaleidae" genus="Hemipristis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elongatus">
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA59553FFB4CE0A596AFD9B23EF" box="[362,610,870,896]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Hemipristis elongatus</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469553FFB4CD11596AFC9123EF" author="Bass" box="[625,872,870,897]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Bass" page="29" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="1 - 100" refId="ref92970" refString="Bass, A. J., D'Aubrey, J. D. & Kistnasamy, N. (1975 b) Sharks of the east coast of southern Africa. III. The families Carcharhinidae (excluding Mustelus and Carcharhinus) and Sphyrnidae. Investigational Report. Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban, 38, 1 - 100." type="journal article" year="1975" yearSuffix="b">
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Bass
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA59553FFB4CDCD596AFD1F23EF" box="[685,742,870,896]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">et al.</emphasis>
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, 1975b: 29
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</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, fig. 18;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469553FFB4CCAD596BFB2023EF" author="Compagno" box="[973,1241,870,896]" firstAuthor="Compagno" page="440" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="251 - 655" refId="ref95496" refString="Compagno, L. J. V. (1984 b) FAO Species Catalogue. Sharks of the World. An Annotated and Illustrated Catalogue of Shark Species Known to Date. FAO Fisheries Synopsis. Vol. 4. No. 125. Part 2. Carcharhiniformes. FAO, Rome, pp. 251 - 655." type="book chapter" year="1984" yearSuffix="b">Compagno, 1984b: 440</bibRefCitation>
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, fig.;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469553FFB4CA7A596BFEC323CB" author="Compagno" firstAuthor="Compagno" page="16" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" refId="ref95624" refString="Compagno, L. J. V. (1988 a) Sharks of the Order Carcharhiniformes. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 486 pp." type="book" year="1988" yearSuffix="a">Compagno, 1988a: 16</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469553FFB4CE295987FD8623CB" author="Compagno" box="[329,639,906,933]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Compagno" page="60" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" refId="ref96138" refString="Compagno, L. J. V., Ebert, D. A. & Smale, M. J. (1989) Guide to the Sharks and Rays of Southern Africa. Struik Publishers, Cape Town, 158 pp." type="book" year="1989">
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Compagno
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA59553FFB4CEAD5986FDF123CB" box="[461,520,906,932]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">et al.</emphasis>
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, 1989: 60
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</bibRefCitation>
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, pl.;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469553FFB4CDDB5987FC4523CB" author="Compagno" box="[699,956,906,932]" firstAuthor="Compagno" page="119" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="75 - 120" refId="ref95720" refString="Compagno, L. J. V. (1999) An overview of chondrichthyan systematics and biodiversity in southern Africa. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa, 54, 75 - 120. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00359199909520406" type="journal article" year="1999">Compagno, 1999: 119</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469553FFB4CCAA5987FAF623CA" author="Compagno" box="[970,1295,906,933]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Compagno" page="285" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" refId="ref95897" refString="Compagno, L., Dando, M. & Fowler, S. (2005) Field Guide to the Sharks of the World. Harper Collins Publishers Ltd, London, 368 pp." type="book" year="2005">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9A10A69553FFB4CCAA5987FB2C23CA" box="[970,1237,906,933]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
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Compagno
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA59553FFB4CB2E5986FB7B23CB" box="[1102,1154,906,932]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">et al</emphasis>
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., 2005
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</treatmentCitation>
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: 285
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</bibRefCitation>
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, fig., pl. 49.
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<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349553FFB4CFA659A2FD5123A7" ID-CoL="3KRYJ" authority="Bass et al., 1986: 79" authorityName="Bass" authorityPageNumber="79" authorityYear="1986" box="[198,680,942,969]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Hemigaleidae" genus="Hemipristis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elongata">
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA59553FFB4CFA659A2FE4A23A7" box="[198,435,942,968]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Hemipristis elongata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469553FFB4CEDC59A2FD5123A7" author="Bass, A. J. & Compagno, L. J. V." box="[444,680,942,969]" editor="Smith, M. M. & Heemstra, P. C." journalOrPublisher="Macmillan, Johannesburg" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="104 - 105" refId="ref93292" refString="Bass, A. J. & Compagno, L. J. V. (1986) Families Echinorhinidae, Proscyllidae, Odontaspidiidae, Mitsukurinidae. In: Smith, M. M. & Heemstra, P. C. (Eds.), Smith's Sea Fishes. Macmillan, Johannesburg, pp. 63 + 103 + 104 - 105." title="Families Echinorhinidae, Proscyllidae, Odontaspidiidae, Mitsukurinidae" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Smith's Sea Fishes" year="1986">
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Bass
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA59553FFB4CE9959A2FDCA23A7" box="[505,563,942,968]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">et al.</emphasis>
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, 1986: 79
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</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, fig. 9.21;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469553FFB4CC4559A3FC0923A7" author="Ebert, D. A. & Fowler, S. & Compagno, L. J. V." box="[805,1008,942,969]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" refId="ref99433" refString="Ebert, D. A., Fowler, S. & Compagno, L. J. V. (2013) Sharks of the World: A Fully Illustrated Guide to the Sharks of the World. Wild Nature Press, Plymouth, 528 pp." type="book" year="2013">
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Ebert
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA59553FFB4CC0B59A2FC6423A7" box="[875,925,942,968]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">et al</emphasis>
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., 2013
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</bibRefCitation>
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a: 435, fig., pl. 60;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469553FFB4CBA959A3FEC32383" author="Ebert & van Hees" firstAuthor="Ebert" page="146" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="141 - 156" refId="ref99877" refString="Ebert, D. A. & van Hees, K. E. (2015) Beyond jaws: rediscovering the " Lost Sharks " of southern Africa. African Journal of Marine Science, 37, 141 - 156. https: // doi. org / 10.2989 / 1814232 X. 2015.1048730" type="journal article" year="2015">Ebert & van Hees, 2015: 146</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469553FFB4CE2559DFFDC62383" author="Weigmann, S." box="[325,575,978,1004]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="837 - 1037" refId="ref118762" refString="Weigmann, S. (2016) Annotated checklist of the living sharks, batoids and chimaeras (Chondrichthyes) of the world, with a focus on biogeographical diversity. Journal of Fish Biology, 88, 837 - 1037. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jfb. 12874" type="journal article" year="2016">Weigmann, 2016: 863</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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|
<subSubSection id="C321653C9553FFB4CFF759FBFB1D247F" box="[151,1252,1014,1041]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B8436B79553FFB4CFF759FBFB1D247F" blockId="58.[151,1437,726,1221]" box="[151,1252,1014,1041]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA59553FFB4CFF759FBFDFB247F" bold="true" box="[151,514,1014,1040]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
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<collectingCountry id="F32C76279553FFB4CFF759FBFED6247F" box="[151,303,1014,1040]" name="South Africa" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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voucher material
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</emphasis>
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: No South African caught specimens are held at
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<collectionCode id="ED2AAE729553FFB4CB4659FBFB83247F" box="[1062,1146,1014,1040]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB</collectionCode>
|
|
or
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE729553FFB4CBFF59FBFB26247F" box="[1183,1247,1014,1040]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mhew-9czz" name="South African Museum" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">SAM</collectionCode>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="C321653C9553FFB4CFF75E17FE9A2436" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="distribution">
|
|
<paragraph id="8B8436B79553FFB4CFF75E17FE9A2436" blockId="58.[151,1437,726,1221]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
|
|
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59553FFB4CFF75E17FE2D245B" bold="true" box="[151,468,1050,1076]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">South African distribution</emphasis>
|
|
: Margate (KZN) is the southernmost extent of its range in South African waters (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469553FFB4CA065E17FEAF2436" author="Bass" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Bass" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="1 - 100" refId="ref92970" refString="Bass, A. J., D'Aubrey, J. D. & Kistnasamy, N. (1975 b) Sharks of the east coast of southern Africa. III. The families Carcharhinidae (excluding Mustelus and Carcharhinus) and Sphyrnidae. Investigational Report. Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban, 38, 1 - 100." type="journal article" year="1975" yearSuffix="b">
|
|
Bass
|
|
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59553FFB4CFA65E32FF0E2437" box="[198,247,1086,1112]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">et al</emphasis>
|
|
., 1975b
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="C321653C9553FFB4CFF75E6FFDED24AA" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="discussion">
|
|
<subSubSection id="C321653C9553FFB4CFF75E6FFE5324CF" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="discussion">
|
|
<paragraph id="8B8436B79553FFB4CFF75E6FFE5324CF" blockId="58.[151,1437,726,1221]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
|
|
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59553FFB4CFF75E6FFEFD2413" bold="true" box="[151,260,1122,1148]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Remarks</emphasis>
|
|
: The species is occasionally observed in South African waters but appears to be more common to the north in East Africa.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="C321653C9553FFB4CFF75EA7FDED24AA" box="[151,532,1194,1221]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="multiple">
|
|
<paragraph id="8B8436B79553FFB4CFF75EA7FDED24AA" blockId="58.[151,1437,726,1221]" box="[151,532,1194,1221]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
|
|
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59553FFB4CFF75EA7FE7D24AB" bold="true" box="[151,388,1194,1220]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Conservation status</emphasis>
|
|
: VU (2016).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |