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<document id="DE45672C080800F2BD0BEBCD8A8CE272" ID-CLB-Dataset="7365" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4947.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="74dc998a-dc7a-4b02-b43c-a2064c9c6dc2" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4614567" ID-ZooBank="7F3B4794-65CF-4691-A330-78A423F2606F" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1616002389958" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ebert, David A., Wintner, Sabine P. &amp; Kyne, Peter M." docDate="2021" docId="039287A1953DFFDACFF75A9BFDE92357" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4947.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4947 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Rajella barnardi" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="85" masterDocId="FFABFFD99569FF8ECF605A0DFFF9206F" masterDocTitle="An annotated checklist of the chondrichthyans of South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="127" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="85" updateTime="1698934036276" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="96B8C03481F5A0A3B218ECBFF91B06A7">An annotated checklist of the chondrichthyans of South Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="DD9039EFD1764E1C285C4F30883254CC">Ebert, David A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6FA7C11C2F8D17E2D99996D273DB4ED0">Wintner, Sabine P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="182EEC5C8CEFE8778857867188F1F003">Kyne, Peter M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="BC29762D3446661C6748A355DFA40387" type="email">debert@mlml.calstate.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="6A7D3CC60AE4E5F4E23C6A4A5BDC796A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="AFB87C5921ABD3ABAAA408CBD07ECE25">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="2AEA27F55AE72302DB9EED2093ACC0F6">2021-03-17</mods:number>
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<treatment id="039287A1953DFFDACFF75A9BFDE92357" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4614956" ID-GBIF-Taxon="181006951" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4614956" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039287A1953DFFDACFF75A9BFDE92357" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039287A1953DFFDACFF75A9BFDE92357" lastPageNumber="85" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
<subSubSection id="C321653C953DFFDACFF75A9BFEB920BB" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8436B7953DFFDACFF75A9BFDE020DF" blockId="84.[151,1437,150,825]" box="[151,537,150,177]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
<heading id="D0CC81DB953DFFDACFF75A9BFDE020DF" bold="true" box="[151,537,150,177]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D34953DFFDACFF75A9BFDE020DF" ID-CoL="4RB3D" ID-ENA="906899" authority="(Norman, 1935)" baseAuthorityName="Norman" baseAuthorityYear="1935" box="[151,537,150,177]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rajidae" genus="Rajella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barnardi">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5953DFFDACFF75A9BFDE020DF" bold="true" box="[151,537,150,177]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5953DFFDACFF75A9BFEAF20DE" bold="true" box="[151,342,150,177]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Rajella barnardi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46953DFFDACE045A9BFDE820DF" author="Norman" box="[356,529,150,176]" firstAuthor="Norman" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" pagination="1 - 58" refId="ref110714" refString="Norman, J. R. (1935) Coast fishes, Part. I. The South Atlantic. ' Discovery' Reports, 12, 1 - 58." type="journal article" year="1935">Norman, 1935</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8436B7953DFFDACFF75AB7FEB920BB" blockId="84.[151,1437,150,825]" box="[151,320,186,212]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Bigthorn Skate</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C321653C953DFFDACFF75AD2FD4F2276" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B8436B7953DFFDACFF75AD2FCB02173" blockId="84.[151,1437,150,825]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D34953DFFDACFF75AD2FE132096" ID-CoL="6WRN4" authority="Norman, 1935" authorityName=": Norman" authorityYear="1935" box="[151,490,222,249]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rajidae" genus="Raja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barnardi">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5953DFFDACFF75AD2FEC02097" box="[151,313,222,248]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Raja barnardi</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B533CEA953DFFDACE225AD2FE132096" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3072574504" box="[322,490,222,249]" collectionCode="BMNH" country="South Africa" county="southeastern Atlantic." latitude="-34.0" location="Off" longLatPrecision="0" longitude="7.9666667" municipality="Town" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" specimenCode="BMNH 1935.5" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="holotype">
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46953DFFDACE225AD2FE132096" author="Norman" box="[322,490,222,249]" firstAuthor="Norman" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" pagination="1 - 58" refId="ref110714" refString="Norman, J. R. (1935) Coast fishes, Part. I. The South Atlantic. ' Discovery' Reports, 12, 1 - 58." type="journal article" year="1935">Norman, 1935</bibRefCitation>
</materialsCitation>
</taxonomicName>
: (39) 43, fig. 14.
<typeStatus id="54808815953DFFDACDD85AD3FCD92097" box="[696,800,222,248]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
(unique):
<specimenCode id="DB9D9ECC953DFFDACCFA5AD2FBB12096" box="[922,1096,222,249]" collectionCode="BMNH" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">BMNH 1935.5</specimenCode>
.2.65. Type locality:
<location id="8EE4606C953DFFDACA535AD3FAA02097" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039287A1953DFFDACFF75A9BFDE92357:8EE4606C953DFFDACA535AD3FAA02097" box="[1331,1369,222,248]" country="South Africa" county="southeastern Atlantic." latitude="-34.0" longLatPrecision="0" longitude="7.9666667" municipality="Town" name="Off" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" stateProvince="Western Cape">Off</location>
<collectingRegion id="49FFF855953DFFDACA035AD3FA642097" box="[1379,1437,222,248]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Cape</collectingRegion>
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE0ACCD953DFFDACFA65B0EFEF12172" box="[198,264,259,285]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Town</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCountry id="F32C7627953DFFDACE735B0FFE5D2173" box="[275,420,258,284]" name="South Africa" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">South Africa</collectingCountry>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE0F5070953DFFDACED05B0FFE112173" box="[432,488,258,284]" degrees="34" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" precision="55555" value="-34.0">34°S</geoCoordinate>
, l
<geoCoordinate id="EE0F5070953DFFDACE9C5B0FFDB02172" box="[508,585,258,285]" degrees="7" direction="east" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" precision="925" value="7.9666667">7°58'E</geoCoordinate>
,
<collectingCounty id="62E54E3B953DFFDACD355B0FFCB02173" box="[597,841,258,284]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">southeastern Atlantic.</collectingCounty>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8436B7953DFFDACFF75B2BFD4F2276" blockId="84.[151,1437,150,825]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5953DFFDACFF75B2BFEA2212F" bold="true" box="[151,347,294,320]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Local synonymy</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D34953DFFDACE0C5B2AFD3A212E" ID-CoL="6WRN4" authority=": Norman, 1935" authorityName=": Norman" authorityYear="1935" box="[364,707,294,321]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rajidae" genus="Raja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barnardi">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5953DFFDACE0C5B2AFDF5212F" box="[364,524,294,320]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Raja barnardi</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46953DFFDACD7C5B2AFD3A212E" author="Norman" box="[540,707,294,321]" firstAuthor="Norman" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" pagination="1 - 58" refId="ref110714" refString="Norman, J. R. (1935) Coast fishes, Part. I. The South Atlantic. ' Discovery' Reports, 12, 1 - 58." type="journal article" year="1935">Norman, 1935</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
: (39) 43, fig. 14;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46953DFFDACCEB5B2BFB8B212E" author="Stehmann, M." box="[907,1138,294,321]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" pagination="1 - 119" refId="ref116339" refString="Stehmann, M. (1995) First and new records of skates (Chondrichthyes, Rajiformes, Rajidae) from the West African continental slope (Morocco to South Africa), with descriptions of two new species. Archiv f ̡ r Fischereiwissenschaft, 43 (1), 1 - 119." type="journal article" year="1995">Stehmann, 1995: 51</bibRefCitation>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D34953DFFDACB1E5B2AFEC3210B" ID-CoL="6WRMY" authority=": Hulley, 1970: 203" authorityName=": Hulley" authorityPageNumber="203" authorityYear="1970" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rajidae" genus="Raja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="confundens">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5953DFFDACB1E5B2AFAC2212F" box="[1150,1339,294,320]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Raja confundens</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46953DFFDACA2B5B2BFEC3210B" author="Hulley" firstAuthor="Hulley" page="203" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" pagination="151 - 220" refId="ref104963" refString="Hulley, P. A. (1970) An investigation of the Rajidae of the west and south coasts of southern Africa. Annals of the South African Museum, 55, 151 - 220." type="journal article" year="1970">Hulley, 1970: 203</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, figs. 17a–c, pls. 11a–b;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46953DFFDACD315B47FCE5210B" author="Hulley" box="[593,796,330,356]" firstAuthor="Hulley" page="86" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" pagination="1 - 103" refId="ref105041" refString="Hulley, P. A. (1972 a) The origin, interrelationships and distribution of southern African Rajidae (Chondrichthyes, Batoidei). Annals of the South African Museum, 60, 1 - 103. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1442499" type="journal article" year="1972" yearSuffix="a">Hulley, 1972a: 86</bibRefCitation>
, figs. 58–59;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46953DFFDACCD65B47FB7A210B" author="Hulley" box="[950,1155,330,356]" firstAuthor="Hulley" page="121" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" pagination="115 - 128" refId="ref105183" refString="Hulley, P. A. (1986) Family Rajidae, Anacanthobatidae. In: Smith, M. M. &amp; Heemstra, P. C. (Eds.), Smith's Sea Fishes. Macmillan, Johannesburg, pp. 115 - 128." type="book chapter" year="1986">Hulley, 1986: 121</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 25.9.
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D34953DFFDACB9C5B46FD8321E7" ID-CoL="6WRMY" authority=": Compagno et al., 1989: 98" authorityName="Compagno" authorityPageNumber="98" authorityYear="1989" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rajidae" genus="Raja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="confundens" subGenus="Rajella">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5953DFFDACB9C5B46FAC8210B" box="[1276,1329,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Raja</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5953DFFDACA225B47FA6A210B" box="[1346,1427,330,356]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Rajella</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5953DFFDACFA65B63FEBF21E7" box="[198,326,366,392]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">confundens</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46953DFFDACE335B63FD8321E7" author="Compagno" box="[339,634,366,393]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Compagno" page="98" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" refId="ref96138" refString="Compagno, L. J. V., Ebert, D. A. &amp; Smale, M. J. (1989) Guide to the Sharks and Rays of Southern Africa. Struik Publishers, Cape Town, 158 pp." type="book" year="1989">
Compagno
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5953DFFDACEB35B62FDFA21E7" box="[467,515,366,392]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">et al</emphasis>
., 1989: 98
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, pl.;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46953DFFDACDCF5B63FC2721E7" author="Compagno" box="[687,990,366,393]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Compagno" page="104" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" pagination="43 - 139" refId="ref96066" refString="Compagno, L. J. V., Ebert, D. A. &amp; Cowley, P. D. (1991) Distribution of offshore demersal cartilaginous fishes (class Chondrichthyes) of the west coast of southern Africa, with notes on their systematics. South African Journal of Marine Science, 11, 43 - 139. https: // doi. org / 10.2989 / 025776191784287664" type="journal article" year="1991">
Compagno
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5953DFFDACC4F5B62FCA621E7" box="[815,863,366,392]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">et al</emphasis>
. 1991: 104
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46953DFFDACC885B63FB2B21E6" author="Ebert" box="[1000,1234,366,393]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Ebert" page="77" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" pagination="71 - 81" refId="ref99172" refString="Ebert, D. A., Cowley, P. D. &amp; Compagno, L. J. V. (1991) A preliminary investigation of the feeding ecology of skates (Batoidea: Rajidae) off the west coast of southern Africa. South African Journal of Marine Science, 10, 71 - 81. https: // doi. org / 10.2989 / 02577619109504621" type="journal article" year="1991">
Ebert
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5953DFFDACB4A5B62FBA321E7" box="[1066,1114,366,392]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">et al</emphasis>
., 1991: 77
</bibRefCitation>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D34953DFFDACBBB5B63FE5021C2" ID-CoL="4RB3D" authority=": Stehmann, 1995: 51" authorityName=": Stehmann" authorityPageNumber="51" authorityYear="1995" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rajidae" genus="Rajella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barnardi">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5953DFFDACBBB5B63FA6C21E7" box="[1243,1429,366,392]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Rajella barnardi</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46953DFFDACFA65B9FFE5021C2" author="Stehmann, M." box="[198,425,402,429]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" pagination="1 - 119" refId="ref116339" refString="Stehmann, M. (1995) First and new records of skates (Chondrichthyes, Rajiformes, Rajidae) from the West African continental slope (Morocco to South Africa), with descriptions of two new species. Archiv f ̡ r Fischereiwissenschaft, 43 (1), 1 - 119." type="journal article" year="1995">Stehmann, 1995: 51</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46953DFFDACED55B9FFD4921C3" author="Compagno" box="[437,688,402,428]" firstAuthor="Compagno" page="117" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" pagination="75 - 120" refId="ref95720" refString="Compagno, L. J. V. (1999) An overview of chondrichthyan systematics and biodiversity in southern Africa. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa, 54, 75 - 120. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00359199909520406" type="journal article" year="1999">Compagno, 1999: 117</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46953DFFDACDDB5B9FFBEF21C2" author="Compagno &amp; Ebert" box="[699,1046,402,429]" firstAuthor="Compagno" page="135" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" pagination="125 - 145" refId="ref96013" refString="Compagno, L. J. V. &amp; Ebert, D. A. (2007) Southern African skate biodiversity and distribution. Environmental Biology of Fishes, 80, 125 - 145. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10641 - 007 - 9243 - 4" type="journal article" year="2007">Compagno &amp; Ebert, 2007: 135</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 4f;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46953DFFDACB145B9FFF0A21BF" author="Ebert &amp; Compagno" firstAuthor="Ebert" page="121" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" pagination="125 - 145" refId="ref96013" refString="Compagno, L. J. V. &amp; Ebert, D. A. (2007) Southern African skate biodiversity and distribution. Environmental Biology of Fishes, 80, 125 - 145. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10641 - 007 - 9243 - 4" type="journal article" year="2007">Ebert &amp; Compagno, 2007: 121</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46953DFFDACF9D5BBBFE1121BF" author="Ebert" box="[253,488,438,465]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Ebert" page="94" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" pagination="81 - 102" refId="ref98910" refString="Ebert, D. A., Compagno, L. J. V. &amp; Cowley, P. D. (2008) Aspects on the reproductive biology of skates (Chondrichthyes: Rajiformes: Rajoidei) from southern African waters. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 65, 81 - 102. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / icesjms / fsm 169" type="journal article" year="2008">
Ebert
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5953DFFDACE205BBAFE8921BF" box="[320,368,438,464]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">et al</emphasis>
., 2008: 94
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46953DFFDACE925BBBFD6621BE" author="Ebert D. A." box="[498,671,438,465]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" refId="ref98383" refString="Ebert D. A. (2014) Deep-sea cartilaginous fishes of the Indian Ocean. Vol. 2. Batoids and chimaeras. FAO Species Catalogue for Fishery Purposes No. 8. Vol. 2. FAO, Rome, 129 pp." type="book" year="2014">Ebert, 2014: 75</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 122;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46953DFFDACC6E5BBBFC3021BE" author="Ebert, D. A." box="[782,969,438,465]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" refId="ref98428" refString="Ebert, D. A. (2015) Deep-sea cartilaginous fishes of the Southeastern Atlantic Ocean. FAO Species Catalogue for Fishery Purposes No. 9. FAO, Rome, 251 pp." type="book" year="2015">Ebert, 2015: 185</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 213;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46953DFFDACB575BBBFB0D21BE" author="NPOA" box="[1079,1268,438,465]" firstAuthor="NPOA" page="54" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" refId="ref110949" refString="NPOA. (2013) National Plan of Action for the Conservation and Management of Sharks (NPOA-Sharks). Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (DAFF), Rogge Bay, Cape Town, 63 pp." type="book" year="2013">NPOA, 2013: 54</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46953DFFDACB9F5BBBFEC0219B" author="da Silva" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="da Silva" page="247" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" pagination="233 - 248" refId="ref96965" refString="da Silva C., Booth, A. J., Dudley, S. F. J., Kerwath, S. E., Lamberth, S. J., Leslie, R. W., McCord, M. E., Sauer, W. H. H. &amp; Zweig, T. (2015) A description and updated overview of the status and management of South Africa's chondrichthyan fisheries. South African Journal of Marine Science, 37, 233 - 248. https: // doi. org / 10.2989 / 1814232 X. 2015.1044471" type="journal article" year="2015">
da Silva
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5953DFFDACA3E5BBAFA7721BF" box="[1374,1422,438,464]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">et al</emphasis>
., 2015: 247
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46953DFFDACE245BD7FD72219B" author="Ebert &amp; van Hees" box="[324,651,474,501]" firstAuthor="Ebert" page="147" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" pagination="141 - 156" refId="ref99877" refString="Ebert, D. A. &amp; van Hees, K. E. (2015) Beyond jaws: rediscovering the &quot; Lost Sharks &quot; of southern Africa. African Journal of Marine Science, 37, 141 - 156. https: // doi. org / 10.2989 / 1814232 X. 2015.1048730" type="journal article" year="2015">Ebert &amp; van Hees, 2015: 147</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46953DFFDACDF75BD6FC78219B" author="Last" box="[663,897,474,501]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Last" page="19" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" pagination="11 - 34" refId="ref107873" refString="Last, P. R., Weigmann, S. &amp; Yang, L. (2016 f) Changes to the nomenclature of the skates (Chondrichthyes: Rajiformes). In: Last, P. R. &amp; Yearsley, G. K. (Eds.), Rays of the World: Supplementary Information. CSIRO Australian National Fish Collection, Hobart, pp. 11 - 34." type="book chapter" year="2016" yearSuffix="f">
Last
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5953DFFDACDAD5BD6FD07219B" box="[717,766,474,500]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">et al</emphasis>
., 2016f: 19
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46953DFFDACCEC5BD6FB70219B" author="Last" box="[908,1161,474,501]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Last" page="334" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" pagination="204 - 363" refId="ref107642" refString="Last, P. R., Seret, B., Stehmann, M. F. W. &amp; Weigmann, S. (2016 g) Skates. Family Rajidae. In: Last, P. R., White, W. T., de Carvalho, M. E., Seret, B., Stehmann, M. F. W. &amp; Naylor, G. J. P. (Eds.), Rays of the World. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York, pp. 204 - 363. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / 9780643109148" type="book chapter" year="2016" yearSuffix="g">
Last
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5953DFFDACCA35BD6FC0A219B" box="[963,1011,474,500]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">et al</emphasis>
.,
<quantity id="4CC39B52953DFFDACB685BD7FBAB219B" box="[1032,1106,474,500]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="2.016" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" unit="g" value="2016.0">2016g</quantity>
: 334
</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 19.125; McEachran &amp;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46953DFFDACF835BF3FE552277" author="Seret, B." box="[227,428,510,536]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" pagination="1404 - 1433" refId="ref113064" refString="Seret, B. (2016) Batoid fishes. Multiple families. In: Carpenter, K. E. &amp; De Angelis, N. (Eds.), The Living Marine Resources of the Eastern Central Atlantic. Vol. 2. Bivalves, Gastropods, Hagfishes, Sharks, Batoid Fishes, and Chimaeras. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes. FAO, Rome, pp. 1337 - 1369, 1404 - 1433." type="journal article" year="2016">Séret, 2016: 1394</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46953DFFDACED75BF3FD4B2276" author="Weigmann, S." box="[439,690,510,537]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" pagination="837 - 1037" refId="ref118762" refString="Weigmann, S. (2016) Annotated checklist of the living sharks, batoids and chimaeras (Chondrichthyes) of the world, with a focus on biogeographical diversity. Journal of Fish Biology, 88, 837 - 1037. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jfb. 12874" type="journal article" year="2016">Weigmann, 2016: 957</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C321653C953DFFDACFF7582FFC3522C7" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B8436B7953DFFDACFF7582FFBD222EB" blockId="84.[151,1437,150,825]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5953DFFDACFF7582FFDF72253" bold="true" box="[151,526,546,572]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
<collectingCountry id="F32C7627953DFFDACFF7582FFECA2253" box="[151,307,546,572]" name="South Africa" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">South Africa</collectingCountry>
voucher material
</emphasis>
:
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE72953DFFDACD41582FFD8C2253" box="[545,629,546,572]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB</collectionCode>
7889 [ex
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE72953DFFDACD91582FFCD82253" box="[753,801,546,572]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2jx-p0kp" name="Ocean Research Institute" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">ORI</collectionCode>
B155],
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE72953DFFDACCE4582FFC212253" box="[900,984,546,572]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB</collectionCode>
11154,
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE72953DFFDACB59582FFB742253" box="[1081,1165,546,572]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB</collectionCode>
25791,
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE72953DFFDACB90582FFABD2253" box="[1264,1348,546,572]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB</collectionCode>
25792,
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE72953DFFDACFA6584BFEE3220F" box="[198,282,582,608]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB</collectionCode>
25793,
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE72953DFFDACE18584BFE35220F" box="[376,460,582,608]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB</collectionCode>
25794,
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE72953DFFDACD4A584BFD87220F" box="[554,638,582,608]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB</collectionCode>
25795,
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE72953DFFDACDBC584BFCC9220F" box="[732,816,582,608]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB</collectionCode>
25796,
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE72953DFFDACCEE584BFC1B220F" box="[910,994,582,608]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB</collectionCode>
25797,
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE72953DFFDACB21584BFB6C220F" box="[1089,1173,582,608]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB</collectionCode>
25798,
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE72953DFFDACB93584BFABE220F" box="[1267,1351,582,608]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB</collectionCode>
25799,
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE72953DFFDACFA65867FEE322EB" box="[198,282,618,644]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB</collectionCode>
25800,
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE72953DFFDACE155867FE3022EB" box="[373,457,618,644]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB</collectionCode>
25801,
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE72953DFFDACD445867FD8122EB" box="[548,632,618,644]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB</collectionCode>
25802,
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE72953DFFDACDB35867FCDE22EB" box="[723,807,618,644]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB</collectionCode>
48831,
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE72953DFFDACCE25867FC2F22EB" box="[898,982,618,644]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB</collectionCode>
48837.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8436B7953DFFDACFF75883FC3522C7" blockId="84.[151,1437,150,825]" box="[151,972,654,681]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5953DFFDACFF75883FE2A22C7" bold="true" box="[151,467,654,680]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">South African distribution</emphasis>
: The Orange River (NC) to Algoa
<collectingRegion id="49FFF855953DFFDACC3A5882FC7E22C6" box="[858,903,655,681]" country="Somalia" name="Bay" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Bay</collectingRegion>
(EC).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C321653C953DFFDACFF758BFFDE92357" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B8436B7953DFFDACFF758BFFBAA237A" blockId="84.[151,1437,150,825]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5953DFFDACFF758BFFEFD22A3" bold="true" box="[151,260,690,716]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Remarks</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46953DFFDACE7658BFFE4E22A3" author="Hulley" box="[278,439,690,716]" firstAuthor="Hulley" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" pagination="151 - 220" refId="ref104963" refString="Hulley, P. A. (1970) An investigation of the Rajidae of the west and south coasts of southern Africa. Annals of the South African Museum, 55, 151 - 220." type="journal article" year="1970">Hulley (1970)</bibRefCitation>
who described
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D34953DFFDACD1158BEFCC822A3" box="[625,817,690,716]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rajidae" genus="Raja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="confundens">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5953DFFDACD1158BEFCC822A3" box="[625,817,690,716]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Raja confundens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a new species synonymized
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D34953DFFDACBC658BFFA9D22A3" authorityName=": Stehmann" authorityYear="1995" box="[1190,1380,690,716]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rajidae" genus="Rajella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barnardi">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5953DFFDACBC658BFFA9D22A3" box="[1190,1380,690,716]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Rajella barnardi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D34953DFFDACEC458DAFDD3229F" baseAuthorityName="von Bonde &amp; Swart" baseAuthorityYear="1923" box="[420,554,726,752]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rajidae" genus="Rajella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leoparda">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5953DFFDACEC458DAFDD3229F" box="[420,554,726,752]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">R. leoparda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However,
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B46953DFFDACDD158DBFC8C229E" author="Stehmann, M." box="[689,885,726,753]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" pagination="1 - 119" refId="ref116339" refString="Stehmann, M. (1995) First and new records of skates (Chondrichthyes, Rajiformes, Rajidae) from the West African continental slope (Morocco to South Africa), with descriptions of two new species. Archiv f ̡ r Fischereiwissenschaft, 43 (1), 1 - 119." type="journal article" year="1995">Stehmann (1995)</bibRefCitation>
examined the
<typeStatus id="54808815953DFFDACB4158DBFB77229F" box="[1057,1166,726,752]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="holotype">holotypes</typeStatus>
of both and revived
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D34953DFFDACAE458DAFED0237B" authorityName=": Stehmann" authorityYear="1995" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rajidae" genus="Rajella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barnardi">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5953DFFDACAE458DAFED0237B" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">R. barnardi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a valid species and synonymized
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D34953DFFDACDA458F6FC9A237B" box="[708,867,762,788]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rajidae" genus="Raja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="confundens">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5953DFFDACDA458F6FC9A237B" box="[708,867,762,788]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">R. confundens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a junior synonym.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8436B7953DFFDACFF75913FDE92357" blockId="84.[151,1437,150,825]" box="[151,528,798,825]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA5953DFFDACFF75913FE7D2357" bold="true" box="[151,388,798,824]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Conservation status</emphasis>
: LC (2004).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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