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<document id="B50777B5E8AB1F91835233ED414CFEB5" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5418.5.8" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10780130" ID-ZooBank="FB6FC5A6-597B-4B48-89DC-064CB78CBC0C" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1709588055769" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Kumar, P. Girish, Mawadda, N. V. Ayisha, Terine, Joshua B. &amp; Amal, S." docDate="2024" docId="0392878FD016160CD4B344714DA4F9C3" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5418.5.8.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5418 (5)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5418.5.8" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Miscophus prasanthi Girish Kumar 2024, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="597" masterDocId="FFABFFF7D0101604D42443504E4FFFCA" masterDocTitle="Review of the genus Miscophus Jurine, 1807 (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae: Crabroninae) of the Indian subcontinent with descriptions of two new species from southern India" masterLastPageNumber="600" masterPageNumber="589" pageNumber="595" updateTime="1709588789514" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="F90E2F0CCFA7ADF475C8D7C62496B11B">Review of the genus Miscophus Jurine, 1807 (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae: Crabroninae) of the Indian subcontinent with descriptions of two new species from southern India</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3B3528CEC870FC17417FB730FDA9FD22">Kumar, P. Girish</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="06DEAD25C650F24EB03FCAC5E07CF782" type="ORCID">0000-0003-2121-0165</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="E20171B826064F91231D1BF03CD6D779">Zoological Survey of India, Western Ghat Regional Centre, Kozhikode 673006, Kerala, India</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="0270A11A9FBC10964483EB61AC2F1381" type="email">kpgiris@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="A51B3B36E4BC2915AA542E02B45B5A7F">Mawadda, N. V. Ayisha</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="6A9A9217D321D99F11FAC0D69070FBEC" type="ORCID">0000-0003-4649-9428</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="B55E4B3022F521E7596F7942FCF3BFF8">Zoological Survey of India, Western Ghat Regional Centre, Kozhikode 673006, Kerala, India &amp; University of Calicut, Thenhipalam P. O., Malappuram 673635, Kerala, India</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="42A38CAE32E55447219C21656685DAD2" type="email">ayishakmr@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="904E7FF5AADFD9ED95A7C543C2AE88B4">Terine, Joshua B.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="DD6F66330C29E61867F725AD46D07A42" type="ORCID">0000-0002-6981-7401</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="803384269211BFF3E91EE8DDDF7A690B">Zoological Survey of India, Western Ghat Regional Centre, Kozhikode 673006, Kerala, India &amp; University of Calicut, Thenhipalam P. O., Malappuram 673635, Kerala, India</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="354686EFD223271F2F1440349432ACC3" type="email">terinejb@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="2CFC7E4406BB8BC83013F9E538596F88">Amal, S.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="20BF84D4E08769257BF62A6E6D760451" type="ORCID">0009-0006-3936-0443</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="7BA9DFDE0FE99F71CA3F0F7F61AE6785">Zoological Survey of India, Western Ghat Regional Centre, Kozhikode 673006, Kerala, India &amp; Zoological Survey of India, Western Ghat Regional Centre, Kozhikode 673006, Kerala, India</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="DA15E386FF35A49B2F81998EC303F8A8" type="email">amalothayoth96@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:date id="257EB6A613E66A884D61A661AFC649D2">2024</mods:date>
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<treatment id="0392878FD016160CD4B344714DA4F9C3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0392878FD016160CD4B344714DA4F9C3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0392878FD016160CD4B344714DA4F9C3" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="597" pageId="6" pageNumber="595">
<subSubSection id="C3216512D0161602D4B344714C9DF8F6" box="[151,722,1825,1852]" pageId="6" pageNumber="595" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B843699D0161602D4B344714C9DF8F6" blockId="6.[151,722,1825,1888]" box="[151,722,1825,1852]" pageId="6" pageNumber="595">
<heading id="D0CC81F5D0161602D4B344714C9DF8F6" bold="true" box="[151,722,1825,1852]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="595" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B94FEA8BD0161602D4B344714C9DF8F6" bold="true" box="[151,722,1825,1852]" pageId="6" pageNumber="595">
4.
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D1AD0161602D49144714C22F8F6" authority="Girish Kumar" authorityName="Girish Kumar" authorityYear="2024" box="[181,621,1825,1852]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Miscophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="595" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prasanthi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94FEA8BD0161602D49144714FFBF8F6" bold="true" box="[181,436,1825,1852]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="595">Miscophus prasanthi</emphasis>
Girish Kumar
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27C57F0D0161602D65044724C9DF8F6" box="[628,722,1826,1852]" pageId="6" pageNumber="595" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3216512D0161602D4B344164F68F8AA" box="[151,295,1861,1888]" pageId="6" pageNumber="595" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B843699D0161602D4B344164F68F8AA" blockId="6.[151,722,1825,1888]" box="[151,295,1861,1888]" pageId="6" pageNumber="595">
(
<figureCitation id="13002A1CD0161602D4BB44164F50F8AA" box="[159,287,1861,1888]" captionStart="FIGURES 18–25" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1683,1707]" captionTargetBox="[161,1426,191,1649]" captionTargetId="figure-18@7.[151,1435,181,1659]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 18–25. Miscophus prasanthi Girish Kumar sp. nov., holotype male. 18, Habitus, lateral view; 19, Head, frontal view; 20, Clypeus; 21, Antenna; 22, Head and mesosoma, dorsal view; 23, Propodeum, dorsal view; 24, Fore wing; 25, Metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10780144" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10780144/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="595">Figs 18–25</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3216512D0161602D4B344DE4CB6F801" pageId="6" pageNumber="595" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B843699D0161602D4B344DE4CB6F801" blockId="6.[151,1436,1933,1996]" pageId="6" pageNumber="595">
<emphasis id="B94FEA8BD0161602D4B344DE4F07F86D" bold="true" box="[151,328,1933,1960]" pageId="6" pageNumber="595">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B533CC4D0161602D57544DE4CB6F801" collectingDate="2019-01-02" collectionCode="ZSIK" collectorName="P. Girish Kumar &amp; Regd. No." country="India" location="Kullanadimedu" municipality="Coimbatore district" pageId="6" pageNumber="595" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="5480883BD0161602D57544DE4FF6F862" box="[337,441,1934,1960]" pageId="6" pageNumber="595" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="9D3DFD10D0161602D5E744DE4F95F862" box="[451,474,1934,1960]" count="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="595" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
,
<collectingCountry id="F32C7609D0161602D5CD44DE4C68F862" box="[489,551,1934,1960]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="595">India</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49FFF87BD0161602D61744DE4CF2F862" box="[563,701,1934,1960]" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="6" pageNumber="595">Tamil Nadu</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE0ACE3D0161602D6EF44DE4DE5F862" box="[715,938,1934,1960]" pageId="6" pageNumber="595">Coimbatore district</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EE46042D0161602D79C44DE4A27F862" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0392878FD016160CD4B344714DA4F9C3:8EE46042D0161602D79C44DE4A27F862" box="[952,1128,1934,1960]" country="India" municipality="Coimbatore district" name="Kullanadimedu" pageId="6" pageNumber="595" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu">Kullanadimedu</location>
,
<date id="FF851059D0161602D05144DE4A9CF862" box="[1141,1235,1934,1960]" pageId="6" pageNumber="595" value="2019-01-02">
<collectingDate id="EFC1E9B1D0161602D05144DE4A9CF862" box="[1141,1235,1934,1960]" pageId="6" pageNumber="595" value="2019-01-02">2.i.2019</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26CE534FD0161602D0C644DE4BD3F862" box="[1250,1436,1934,1960]" pageId="6" pageNumber="595">P. Girish Kumar</collectorName>
collector,
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE5CD0161602D52244E24F0BF806" box="[262,324,1970,1996]" pageId="6" pageNumber="595">ZSIK</collectionCode>
<collectorName id="26CE534FD0161602D56F44E24FF1F806" box="[331,446,1970,1996]" pageId="6" pageNumber="595">Regd. No.</collectorName>
ZSI/WGRC/IR/INV.24166.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF446611D0171603D4B345C34F5DF939" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10780144" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10780144" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10780144/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="596" startId="7.[151,264,1683,1707]" targetBox="[161,1426,191,1649]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B843699D0171603D4B345C34F5DF939" blockId="7.[151,1436,1683,1779]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">
<emphasis id="B94FEA8BD0171603D4B345C34F1CF961" bold="true" box="[151,339,1683,1707]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">FIGURES 18–25.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D1AD0171603D57C45C34CF4F961" authority="Girish Kumar" authorityName="Girish Kumar" authorityYear="2024" box="[344,699,1683,1707]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Miscophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="596" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prasanthi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94FEA8BD0171603D57C45C34C64F961" box="[344,555,1683,1707]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">Miscophus prasanthi</emphasis>
Girish Kumar
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94FEA8BD0171603D6E445C44D40F966" bold="true" box="[704,783,1684,1708]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27C57F0D0171603D6E445C44D40F966" box="[704,783,1684,1708]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype male. 18, Habitus, lateral view; 19, Head, frontal view; 20, Clypeus; 21, Antenna; 22, Head and mesosoma, dorsal view; 23, Propodeum, dorsal view; 24, Fore wing; 25, Metasoma, dorsal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C3216512D017160CD4E344154CA4FE1B" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="597" pageId="7" pageNumber="596" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B843699D017160CD4E344154CA4FE1B" blockId="7.[151,1437,1861,2032]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1437,151,1545]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="597" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">
<emphasis id="B94FEA8BD0171603D4E344154F0DF895" bold="true" box="[199,322,1861,1887]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
This new species differs from all other species in having the following combination of characters: Head, mesosoma, and metasoma mostly, minutely and closely punctured; frons with close punctures as in
<figureCitation id="13002A1CD0171603D161443A4BD8F84E" box="[1349,1431,1898,1924]" captionStart="FIGURES 18–25" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1683,1707]" captionTargetBox="[161,1426,191,1649]" captionTargetId="figure-18@7.[151,1435,181,1659]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 18–25. Miscophus prasanthi Girish Kumar sp. nov., holotype male. 18, Habitus, lateral view; 19, Head, frontal view; 20, Clypeus; 21, Antenna; 22, Head and mesosoma, dorsal view; 23, Propodeum, dorsal view; 24, Fore wing; 25, Metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10780144" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10780144/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
; propodeal dorsum with irregular, somewhat conspicuous longitudinal ridges, with distinct median carina as in
<figureCitation id="13002A1CD0171603D15444DE4EF9F806" captionStart="FIGURES 18–25" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1683,1707]" captionTargetBox="[161,1426,191,1649]" captionTargetId="figure-18@7.[151,1435,181,1659]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 18–25. Miscophus prasanthi Girish Kumar sp. nov., holotype male. 18, Habitus, lateral view; 19, Head, frontal view; 20, Clypeus; 21, Antenna; 22, Head and mesosoma, dorsal view; 23, Propodeum, dorsal view; 24, Fore wing; 25, Metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10780144" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10780144/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
; second submarginal cell 4-sided, second recurrent vein joining second submarginal cell at its submedial margin; head, mesosoma and metasoma black; legs mostly yellowish brown. Among the Indian subcontinent species, this new species resembles
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D1AD018160CD5F743C74D0AFF7B" authority="Nurse, 1903" authorityName="Nurse" authorityYear="1903" box="[467,837,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Miscophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="difficilis">
<emphasis id="B94FEA8BD018160CD5F743C74CFDFF7B" box="[467,690,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="597">Miscophus difficilis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B68D018160CD69E43C74D0AFF7B" author="Nurse, C. G." box="[698,837,151,177]" pageId="8" pageNumber="597" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref6768" refString="Nurse, C. G. (1903) New species of Indian Hymenoptera. The Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 15, 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1903">
Nurse,
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in having head, mesosoma and metasoma black but distinctly differs in having: head, mesosoma and metasoma mostly, minutely and closely punctured (in
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D1AD018160CD13143EB4BDAFF1F" authorityName="Nurse" authorityYear="1903" box="[1301,1429,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Miscophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="difficilis">
<emphasis id="B94FEA8BD018160CD13143EB4BDAFF1F" box="[1301,1429,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="597">M. difficilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, head, mesosoma and metasoma mostly smooth and shining); frons with close punctures as in
<figureCitation id="13002A1CD018160CD0B9438F4AA4FF33" box="[1181,1259,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURES 18–25" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1683,1707]" captionTargetBox="[161,1426,191,1649]" captionTargetId="figure-18@7.[151,1435,181,1659]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 18–25. Miscophus prasanthi Girish Kumar sp. nov., holotype male. 18, Habitus, lateral view; 19, Head, frontal view; 20, Clypeus; 21, Antenna; 22, Head and mesosoma, dorsal view; 23, Propodeum, dorsal view; 24, Fore wing; 25, Metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10780144" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10780144/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="597">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
(in
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D1AD018160CD131438F4BDAFF33" authorityName="Nurse" authorityYear="1903" box="[1301,1429,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Miscophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="difficilis">
<emphasis id="B94FEA8BD018160CD131438F4BDAFF33" box="[1301,1429,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="597">M. difficilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, frons with sparse punctures and in between coriaceous as in
<figureCitation id="13002A1CD018160CD76A42534DDDFED7" box="[846,914,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–4" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1683,1707]" captionTargetBox="[161,1426,191,1649]" captionTargetId="figure-24@2.[151,1435,181,1659]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–4. Miscophus difficilis Nurse, 1903 type female. 1, Habitus, lateral view; 2, Habitus, dorsal view; 3, Head, frontal view; 4, Type labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10780134" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10780134/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="597">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
); propodeal dorsum with irregular, somewhat conspicuous longitudinal ridges, with distinct median carina as in
<figureCitation id="13002A1CD018160CD75B42774D80FE8B" box="[895,975,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURES 18–25" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1683,1707]" captionTargetBox="[161,1426,191,1649]" captionTargetId="figure-18@7.[151,1435,181,1659]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 18–25. Miscophus prasanthi Girish Kumar sp. nov., holotype male. 18, Habitus, lateral view; 19, Head, frontal view; 20, Clypeus; 21, Antenna; 22, Head and mesosoma, dorsal view; 23, Propodeum, dorsal view; 24, Fore wing; 25, Metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10780144" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10780144/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="597">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
(in
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D1AD018160CD7D942774A30FE8B" authorityName="Nurse" authorityYear="1903" box="[1021,1151,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Miscophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="difficilis">
<emphasis id="B94FEA8BD018160CD7D942774A30FE8B" box="[1021,1151,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="597">M. difficilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, propodeal dorsum shiny with some inconspicuous transverse ridges medially and few inconspicuous oblique ridges basally, without distinct median carina as in
<figureCitation id="13002A1CD018160CD552423F4FF7FE43" box="[374,440,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–4" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1683,1707]" captionTargetBox="[161,1426,191,1649]" captionTargetId="figure-24@2.[151,1435,181,1659]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–4. Miscophus difficilis Nurse, 1903 type female. 1, Habitus, lateral view; 2, Habitus, dorsal view; 3, Head, frontal view; 4, Type labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10780134" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10780134/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="597">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
); second submarginal cell 4-sided, second recurrent vein joining second submarginal cell at its submedial margin (
<figureCitation id="13002A1CD018160CD59742C34C48FE67" box="[435,519,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURES 18–25" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1683,1707]" captionTargetBox="[161,1426,191,1649]" captionTargetId="figure-18@7.[151,1435,181,1659]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 18–25. Miscophus prasanthi Girish Kumar sp. nov., holotype male. 18, Habitus, lateral view; 19, Head, frontal view; 20, Clypeus; 21, Antenna; 22, Head and mesosoma, dorsal view; 23, Propodeum, dorsal view; 24, Fore wing; 25, Metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10780144" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10780144/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="597">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
) (in
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D1AD018160CD66442C34C8CFE67" authorityName="Nurse" authorityYear="1903" box="[576,707,403,429]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Miscophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="difficilis">
<emphasis id="B94FEA8BD018160CD66442C34C8CFE67" box="[576,707,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="597">M. difficilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, second submarginal cell 3-sided, second recurrent vein joining second submarginal cell at its extreme apex (
<figureCitation id="13002A1CD018160CD6AA42E74C9DFE1B" box="[654,722,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–4" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1683,1707]" captionTargetBox="[161,1426,191,1649]" captionTargetId="figure-24@2.[151,1435,181,1659]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–4. Miscophus difficilis Nurse, 1903 type female. 1, Habitus, lateral view; 2, Habitus, dorsal view; 3, Head, frontal view; 4, Type labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10780134" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10780134/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="597">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
)).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3216512D018160CD4E3428A4CC1FB23" pageId="8" pageNumber="597" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B843699D018160CD4E3428A4A97FE3F" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1545]" box="[199,1240,474,501]" pageId="8" pageNumber="597">
<emphasis id="B94FEA8BD018160CD4E3428A4F16FE3E" bold="true" box="[199,345,474,500]" pageId="8" pageNumber="597">Description.</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="5480883BD018160CD544428B4F87FE3F" box="[352,456,475,501]" pageId="8" pageNumber="597" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
male (
<figureCitation id="13002A1CD018160CD630428B4CD8FE3F" box="[532,663,474,501]" captionStart="FIGURES 18–25" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1683,1707]" captionTargetBox="[161,1426,191,1649]" captionTargetId="figure-18@7.[151,1435,181,1659]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 18–25. Miscophus prasanthi Girish Kumar sp. nov., holotype male. 18, Habitus, lateral view; 19, Head, frontal view; 20, Clypeus; 21, Antenna; 22, Head and mesosoma, dorsal view; 23, Propodeum, dorsal view; 24, Fore wing; 25, Metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10780144" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10780144/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="597">Figs 18–25</figureCitation>
). Body length 4.75 mm; fore wing length 2.55 mm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B843699D018160CD4E342AE4FCDFD63" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1545]" pageId="8" pageNumber="597">
<emphasis id="B94FEA8BD018160CD4E342AE4F57FDD3" bold="true" box="[199,280,510,537]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="597">Colour</emphasis>
. Head, mesosoma, and metasoma black except apex of clypeus pale yellowish brown to ferruginous. Legs yellowish brown except mid and hind coxa black, all femora above darker brown. Maxillary palpi, labial palpi, and mandible (except tip ferruginous) pale brownish yellow, antenna (except scape, pedicel, and basal two flagellomeres ventrally pale brownish yellow) and tegula blackish brown. Wings uniformly flavo-hyaline, veins brown. Setae silvery.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B843699D018160CD4E341E24EACFC4B" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1545]" pageId="8" pageNumber="597">
<emphasis id="B94FEA8BD018160CD4E341E24F4AFD07" bold="true" box="[199,261,690,717]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="597">Head</emphasis>
. Clypeus with apical margin three-lobed, median lobe 2× as large as lateral lobe, translucent; clypeal surface mostly foveolate punctate. Frons above antennal scrobe without median longitudinal depression and transverse depressions, with minute, uniformly close dense punctures as in
<figureCitation id="13002A1CD018160CD7D441AB4A0CFCDF" box="[1008,1091,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 18–25" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1683,1707]" captionTargetBox="[161,1426,191,1649]" captionTargetId="figure-18@7.[151,1435,181,1659]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 18–25. Miscophus prasanthi Girish Kumar sp. nov., holotype male. 18, Habitus, lateral view; 19, Head, frontal view; 20, Clypeus; 21, Antenna; 22, Head and mesosoma, dorsal view; 23, Propodeum, dorsal view; 24, Fore wing; 25, Metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10780144" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10780144/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="597">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
, towards lower side punctures becoming inconspicuous and somewhat coriaceous. POL = 1.64× OOL and 1.98× hind ocellar diameter; OOL = 1.21× hind ocellar diameter. Vertex and gena punctured like frons. Occipital carina evanescent near hypostomal carina.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B843699D018160CD4E340DB4A9EFBB7" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1545]" pageId="8" pageNumber="597">
<emphasis id="B94FEA8BD018160CD4E340DB4F0DFC6F" bold="true" box="[199,322,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="597">Mesosoma</emphasis>
. Pronotum mostly with somewhat inconspicuous, close, minute punctures, with inconspicuous hump-like projection posteromedially. Mesoscutum coriaceous. Scutellum and metanotum with punctures like upper frons. Upper mesopleuron with minute foveolate punctures, medially sparse and shiny, lower third densely punctured, mostly coriaceous towards posterior margin. Metapleuron transversely striate, shiny. Propodeal dorsum with irregular, somewhat conspicuous longitudinal ridges, with distinct median carina as in
<figureCitation id="13002A1CD018160CD0E3474B4B52FBFF" box="[1223,1309,1051,1077]" captionStart="FIGURES 18–25" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1683,1707]" captionTargetBox="[161,1426,191,1649]" captionTargetId="figure-18@7.[151,1435,181,1659]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 18–25. Miscophus prasanthi Girish Kumar sp. nov., holotype male. 18, Habitus, lateral view; 19, Head, frontal view; 20, Clypeus; 21, Antenna; 22, Head and mesosoma, dorsal view; 23, Propodeum, dorsal view; 24, Fore wing; 25, Metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10780144" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10780144/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="597">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
; propodeal posterior surface transversely striate. Wing with second submarginal cell 4–sided, second recurrent vein joining second submarginal cell at its submedial margin. Fore basitarsus distinctly curved inside basally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B843699D018160CD4E347D74CC1FB23" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1545]" pageId="8" pageNumber="597">
<emphasis id="B94FEA8BD018160CD4E347D74F70FB6B" bold="true" box="[199,319,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="597">Metasoma</emphasis>
. All metasomal segments with almost uniform small, dense, inconspicuous punctures, looking coriaceous. Lateral sides of T7 with small stiff, spine-like setae; S2 basally with two transverse impressions basally. Apical sterna with few stiff setae posteriorly.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3216512D018160CD4E347A24C74FAC7" box="[199,571,1266,1293]" pageId="8" pageNumber="597" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B843699D018160CD4E347A24C74FAC7" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1545]" box="[199,571,1266,1293]" pageId="8" pageNumber="597">
<emphasis id="B94FEA8BD018160CD4E347A24F16FAC6" bold="true" box="[199,345,1266,1292]" pageId="8" pageNumber="597">Distribution</emphasis>
.
<collectingCountry id="F32C7609D018160CD54347A34FEAFAC7" box="[359,421,1267,1293]" name="India" pageId="8" pageNumber="597">India</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49FFF87BD018160CD58B47A34C78FAC7" box="[431,567,1267,1293]" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="8" pageNumber="597">Tamil Nadu</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3216512D018160CD4E346474A25FAB3" pageId="8" pageNumber="597" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B843699D018160CD4E346474A25FAB3" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1545]" pageId="8" pageNumber="597">
<emphasis id="B94FEA8BD018160CD4E346474F07FAFB" bold="true" box="[199,328,1303,1329]" pageId="8" pageNumber="597">Etymology</emphasis>
. The species is named in honour of Dr S. Prasanth Narayanan, Research Associate, Advanced Centre of Environmental Studies and Sustainable Development (ACESSD), Mahatma Gandhi University for his contribution to the natural history studies on earthworms of the Western Ghats of
<collectingCountry id="F32C7609D018160CD00D460F4A29FAB3" box="[1065,1126,1375,1401]" name="India" pageId="8" pageNumber="597">India</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3216512D018160CD4E346D34DA4F9C3" pageId="8" pageNumber="597" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B843699D018160CD4E346D34DA4F9C3" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1545]" pageId="8" pageNumber="597">
<emphasis id="B94FEA8BD018160CD4E346D34F74FA57" bold="true" box="[199,315,1411,1437]" pageId="8" pageNumber="597">Remarks.</emphasis>
This new species comes close to
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D1AD018160CD68846D34D48FA57" authorityName="Jurine" authorityYear="1807" box="[684,775,1411,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Miscophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicolor">
‘
<emphasis id="B94FEA8BD018160CD69246D34D48FA57" box="[694,775,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="597">bicolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
’ species group in the key to the Palearctic species groups of
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B68D018160CD4B346F74F25FA0B" author="De Andrade, N. F." box="[151,362,1447,1473]" pageId="8" pageNumber="597" pagination="1 - 136" refId="ref6485" refString="De Andrade, N. F. (1960) Palaearctic Miscophus: bicolor group and isolated species (Hymenoptera, Sphecidae). Memorias e Estudos do Museu Zoologico da Universidade de Coimbra, 262, 1 - 136." type="journal article" year="1960">de Andrade (1960)</bibRefCitation>
in having the body length less than
<quantity id="4CC39B7CD018160CD72446F74D0BFA0B" box="[768,836,1447,1473]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="597" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
, pilosity of the face and mesosoma less extended and inconspicuous, ventral half of gena with conspicuous setae, and male metasoma with eight visible sterna. It differs, however, in having sternum VII almost rounded and VIII without any tooth.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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