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<mods:title id="5E7B813848E9ED30E132A9CB84EA0CDD">A phylogenetic analysis and systematic revision of the cryptobranch dorids (Mollusca, Nudibranchia, Anthobranchia)</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="8B84CE18FFAF6009FF7BFD6A6DFAD181" blockId="64.[252,649,676,700]" box="[252,649,676,700]" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">
<heading id="D0CC7974FFAF6009FF7BFD6A6DFAD181" box="[252,649,676,700]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" reason="5">
GENUS
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB59BFFAF6009FED3FD6A6DFAD181" ID-CoL="7P39X" ID-ENA="763138" authority="BERGH, 1891" authorityName="Bergh" authorityYear="1891" box="[340,649,676,700]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Geitodoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F120AFFAF6009FED3FD6A6E92D186" box="[340,481,676,700]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">GEITODORIS</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB3E9FFAF6009FE76FD6A6DFAD181" author="BERGH" box="[497,649,676,700]" firstAuthor="BERGH" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" pagination="103 - 144" refId="ref54306" refString="Bergh R. 1891. Die cryptobranchiaten Dorididen. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere 6: 103 - 144." type="journal article" year="1891">BERGH, 1891</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3219D93FFAF6009FF09FD036E6FD084" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B84CE18FFAF6009FF09FD036D49D03C" blockId="64.[142,759,717,953]" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2BE936FFAF6009FF09FD036D49D03C" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">
<treatmentCitation id="0A9AE809FFAF6009FF09FD036EA2D1DF" author="Bergh R" box="[142,465,717,739]" page="130" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" year="1891">
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB59BFFAF6009FF09FD036EA2D1DF" ID-CoL="7P39X" authority="Bergh, 1891: 130" authorityName="Bergh" authorityPageNumber="130" authorityYear="1891" box="[142,465,717,739]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Geitodoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F120AFFAF6009FF09FD036E73D1DF" box="[142,256,717,738]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">Geitodoris</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB3E9FFAF6009FE8EFD036EA2D1DF" author="Bergh" box="[265,465,717,739]" firstAuthor="Bergh" page="130" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" pagination="103 - 144" refId="ref54306" refString="Bergh R. 1891. Die cryptobranchiaten Dorididen. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere 6: 103 - 144." type="journal article" year="1891">Bergh, 1891: 130</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
. Type species:
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB59BFFAF6009FDF9FD006EE6D03C" authority="Verrill, 1880" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1880" class="Gastropoda" family="Dorididae" genus="Doris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="complanata">
<emphasis id="B94F120AFFAF6009FDF9FD006F8ED03C" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">Doris complanata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB3E9FFAF6009FE83FD226EE6D03C" author="Verrill" box="[260,405,748,770]" firstAuthor="Verrill" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" pagination="390 - 403" refId="ref60031" refString="Verrill AE. 1880. Notice of the remarkable marine fauna occupying the outer banks off the southern coast of New England. American Journal of Science and Arts 3 (20): 390 - 403." type="journal article" year="1880">Verrill, 1880</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by monotypy.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B84CE18FFAF6009FF09FCC46E40D063" blockId="64.[142,759,717,953]" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2BE936FFAF6009FF09FCC46E40D063" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">
<treatmentCitation id="0A9AE809FFAF6009FF09FCC46D5CD01D" author="Vayssiere A" box="[142,559,778,800]" page="67" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" year="1919">
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB59BFFAF6009FF09FCC46D5CD01D" ID-CoL="21f80ec6-2c41-4422-b662-6e89b4ce6d11" authority="Vayssiere, 1919: 67" authorityName="Vayssiere" authorityPageNumber="67" authorityYear="1919" box="[142,559,778,800]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Carryodoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F120AFFAF6009FF09FCC46E61D022" box="[142,274,778,799]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">Carryodoris</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB3E9FFAF6009FEAAFCC46D5CD01D" author="Vayssiere" box="[301,559,778,800]" firstAuthor="Vayssiere" page="67" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" pagination="53 - 92" refId="ref59961" refString="Vayssiere A. 1919. Recherches zoologiques et anatomiques sur les mollusques opisthobranches du Golfe de Marseille. 2 me Supplement Annales du Musee d'Histoire Naturelle de Marseille 17: 53 - 92, plates 4 - 6." type="journal article" year="1919">Vayssière, 1919: 67</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
. Type species:
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB59BFFAF6009FF20FCE76D29D003" ID-CoL="RGVD" authority="Vayssiere, 1919" authorityName="Vayssiere" authorityYear="1919" box="[167,602,809,831]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Carryodoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="joubini">
<emphasis id="B94F120AFFAF6009FF20FCE76EF8D003" box="[167,395,809,830]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">Carryodoris joubini</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB3E9FFAF6009FE1AFCE76D29D003" author="Vayssiere" box="[413,602,809,831]" firstAuthor="Vayssiere" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" pagination="53 - 92" refId="ref59961" refString="Vayssiere A. 1919. Recherches zoologiques et anatomiques sur les mollusques opisthobranches du Golfe de Marseille. 2 me Supplement Annales du Musee d'Histoire Naturelle de Marseille 17: 53 - 92, plates 4 - 6." type="journal article" year="1919">Vayssière, 1919</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by original designation.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B84CE18FFAF6009FF09FCA86E6FD084" blockId="64.[142,759,717,953]" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2BE936FFAF6009FF09FCA86E6FD084" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">
<treatmentCitation id="0A9AE809FFAF6009FF09FCA86D29D041" author="Ortea JA &amp; Ballesteros M" box="[142,602,870,892]" page="341" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" year="1981">
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB59BFFAF6009FF09FCA86D29D041" authority="Ortea &amp; Ballesteros, 1981: 341" authorityName="Ortea &amp; Ballesteros" authorityPageNumber="341" authorityYear="1981" box="[142,602,870,892]" class="Gastropoda" family="Balticinidae" genus="Verrillia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleralcyonacea" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F120AFFAF6009FF09FCA86F98D046" box="[142,235,870,891]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">Verrillia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB3E9FFAF6009FF74FCA96D29D041" author="Ortea &amp; Ballesteros" box="[243,602,870,892]" firstAuthor="Ortea" page="341" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" pagination="337 - 342" refId="ref58023" refString="Ortea JA, Ballesteros M. 1981. A new Doridacea from the Iberian and Balearic littoral: Geitodoris bonosi n. sp. Journal of Molluscan Studies 47: 337 - 342." type="journal article" year="1981">Ortea &amp; Ballesteros, 1981: 341</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
. Type species
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB59BFFAF6009FF20FC4B6DB4D0A7" ID-CoL="3FH3P" authority="Ortea &amp; Ballesteros, 1981" authorityName="Ortea &amp; Ballesteros" authorityYear="1981" box="[167,711,901,923]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Geitodoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bonosi">
<emphasis id="B94F120AFFAF6009FF20FC4B6E03D0A7" box="[167,368,901,922]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">Geitodoris bonosi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB3E9FFAF6009FE07FC4B6DB4D0A7" author="Ortea &amp; Ballesteros" box="[384,711,901,923]" firstAuthor="Ortea" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" pagination="337 - 342" refId="ref58023" refString="Ortea JA, Ballesteros M. 1981. A new Doridacea from the Iberian and Balearic littoral: Geitodoris bonosi n. sp. Journal of Molluscan Studies 47: 337 - 342." type="journal article" year="1981">Ortea &amp; Ballesteros, 1981</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by monotypy.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3219D93FFAF6009FF09FBCE6D13D6B8" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B84CE18FFAF6009FF09FBCE6F88D728" blockId="64.[142,758,1024,1414]" box="[142,251,1024,1045]" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">
<emphasis id="B94F120AFFAF6009FF09FBCE6F88D728" box="[142,251,1024,1045]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B84CE18FFAF6009FF09FBD16D13D6B8" blockId="64.[142,758,1024,1414]" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">Dorsum covered with simple tubercles, stiffened by integumentary spicules, which occasionally protrude from the dorsal surface in an irregular fashion. Head with two conical oral tentacles. Anterior border of the foot grooved and notched. Labial armature armed with jaw elements. Radula composed of hamate teeth, occasionally denticulate. Outermost lateral teeth multidenticulate. Reproductive system with a flattened, granular prostate, having two well differentiated regions. Penis and vagina devoid of hooks. There is a peduculate accessory gland, in some species armed with several copulatory hard structures.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3219D93FFAF6009FF09FA056CECD44D" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B84CE18FFAF6009FF09FA056F83D6DD" blockId="64.[142,759,1483,1904]" box="[142,240,1483,1504]" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">
<emphasis id="B94F120AFFAF6009FF09FA056F83D6DD" box="[142,240,1483,1504]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">Remarks</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B84CE18FFAF6009FF09FA246E33D44D" blockId="64.[142,759,1483,1904]" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB3E9FFAF6009FF09FA246E52D53C" author="Bergh" box="[142,289,1514,1537]" firstAuthor="Bergh" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" pagination="103 - 144" refId="ref54306" refString="Bergh R. 1891. Die cryptobranchiaten Dorididen. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere 6: 103 - 144." type="journal article" year="1891">Bergh (1891)</bibRefCitation>
introduced the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB59BFFAF6009FD9CFA246DFED6C2" authorityName="Bergh" authorityYear="1891" box="[539,653,1514,1535]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Geitodoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F120AFFAF6009FD9CFA246DFED6C2" box="[539,653,1514,1535]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">Geitodoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB59BFFAF6009FF09F9C46E9ED523" authority="Verrill, 1880" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1880" box="[142,493,1545,1567]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dorididae" genus="Doris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="complanata">
<emphasis id="B94F120AFFAF6009FF09F9C46E27D523" box="[142,340,1545,1567]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">Doris complanata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB3E9FFAF6009FEDBF9C76E9ED523" author="Verrill" box="[348,493,1545,1567]" firstAuthor="Verrill" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" pagination="390 - 403" refId="ref60031" refString="Verrill AE. 1880. Notice of the remarkable marine fauna occupying the outer banks off the southern coast of New England. American Journal of Science and Arts 3 (20): 390 - 403." type="journal article" year="1880">Verrill, 1880</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<typeStatus id="548070BAFFAF6009FE7DF9C46D58D522" box="[506,555,1546,1567]" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">type</typeStatus>
species by monotypy, with a very short Latin description. According to
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB3E9FFAF6009FF09F9886E51D560" author="Bergh" box="[142,290,1606,1629]" firstAuthor="Bergh" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" pagination="103 - 144" refId="ref54306" refString="Bergh R. 1891. Die cryptobranchiaten Dorididen. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere 6: 103 - 144." type="journal article" year="1891">Bergh (1891)</bibRefCitation>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB59BFFAF6009FEAFF9886EE9D566" authorityName="Bergh" authorityYear="1891" box="[296,410,1606,1627]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Geitodoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F120AFFAF6009FEAFF9886EE9D566" box="[296,410,1606,1627]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">Geitodoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is characterized by having the labium of the anterior border of the foot notched in the middle, the inner lateral teeth strong, hamate and outermost slender, multidenticulate, and by lacking a differentiated prostate. This diagnosis was based on
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB3E9FFAF6009FF09F92E6E4FD5CB" author="Verrill's" box="[142,316,1760,1782]" firstAuthor="Verrill's" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" pagination="390 - 403" refId="ref60031" refString="Verrill AE. 1880. Notice of the remarkable marine fauna occupying the outer banks off the southern coast of New England. American Journal of Science and Arts 3 (20): 390 - 403." type="journal article" year="1880">Verrill’s (1880)</bibRefCitation>
original description of
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB59BFFAF6009FDD0F92E6FB2D429" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1880" class="Gastropoda" family="Dorididae" genus="Doris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="complanata">
<emphasis id="B94F120AFFAF6009FDD0F92E6FB2D429" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">Doris complanata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, rather than on newly examined specimens.
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB3E9FFAF6009FF09F8D36E55D40E" author="Bergh" box="[142,294,1821,1843]" firstAuthor="Bergh" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" pagination="125 - 233" refId="ref54333" refString="Bergh R. 1894. XIII. Die Opisthobranchen. Reports of the dredging operations off the West coast of Central America to the Galapagos, to the West coast of Mexico, and in the Gulf of California, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, carried on by the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer ' Albatross', during 1891, Lieut. Commander Z. L. Tanner, U. S. N., commanding. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 25: 125 - 233, plates 1 - 12." type="journal article" year="1894">Bergh (1894)</bibRefCitation>
completed the description of
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB59BFFAF6009FD02F8D36D84D40F" authorityName="Bergh" authorityYear="1891" box="[645,759,1821,1842]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Geitodoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F120AFFAF6009FD02F8D36D84D40F" box="[645,759,1821,1842]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">Geitodoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with anatomical studies based on one of Verrill’s original specimens.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B84CE18FFAF6009FCB8FF0A6BAFD2D3" blockId="64.[806,1423,196,1904]" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB3E9FFAF6009FCB8FF0A6CA6D3E7" author="Eliot" box="[831,981,196,218]" firstAuthor="Eliot" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" pagination="131 - 159" refId="ref55490" refString="Eliot CN. 1906 b. Report upon a collection of nudibranchiata from the Cape Verde Islands, with notes by C. Crossland. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London 7: 131 - 159, plate 14." type="journal article" year="1906" yearSuffix="b">Eliot (1906b)</bibRefCitation>
considered
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB59BFFAF6009FBE6FF0A6BA0D3E4" authorityName="Bergh" authorityYear="1891" box="[1121,1235,196,217]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Geitodoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F120AFFAF6009FBE6FF0A6BA0D3E4" box="[1121,1235,196,217]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">Geitodoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to be similar to
<emphasis id="B94F120AFFAF6009FCA1FF2D6CB3D3CA" box="[806,960,226,248]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB59BFFAF6009FCA1FF2D6CFDD3C5" authorityName="Bergh" authorityYear="1879" box="[806,910,227,248]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Rostanga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Rostanga</taxonomicName>
and
</emphasis>
also closely related to some archidorids, such as
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB59BFFAF6009FC0CFECF6A5ED22B" authority="Vayssiere, 1904" authorityName="Vayssiere" authorityYear="1904" box="[907,1325,257,279]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Archidoris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="stellifera">
<emphasis id="B94F120AFFAF6009FC0CFECF6B18D22B" box="[907,1131,257,278]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">Archidoris stellifera</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB3E9FFAF6009FBF2FECF6A5ED22B" author="Vayssiere" box="[1141,1325,257,279]" firstAuthor="Vayssiere" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" pagination="123 - 131" refId="ref59879" refString="Vayssiere A. 1904. Etude zoologique de l' Archidoris stellifera H. von Ihering. Journal de Conchyliologie 52: 123 - 131, pl. 4." type="journal article" year="1904">Vayssière, 1904</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. In contrast,
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB3E9FFAF6009FCF4FEEE6B51D20B" author="Odhner" box="[883,1058,288,310]" firstAuthor="Odhner" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" pagination="1 - 3" refId="ref57582" refString="Odhner N. 1926. Die Opisthobranchien. In: Odhner N, ed. Further Zoological Results of the Swedish Antarctic Expedition 1901 - 03, Vol. 2. Stockholm: Norstedt and Soner, 1 - 100, plates 1 - 3." type="book chapter" year="1926">Odhner (1926)</bibRefCitation>
speculated that
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB59BFFAF6009FB7DFEEE6A1FD208" authorityName="Bergh" authorityYear="1891" box="[1274,1388,288,309]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Geitodoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F120AFFAF6009FB7DFEEE6A1FD208" box="[1274,1388,288,309]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">Geitodoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is closely related to
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB59BFFAF6009FC6BFEF06B13D26E" box="[1004,1120,318,339]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Discodoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F120AFFAF6009FC6BFEF06B13D26E" box="[1004,1120,318,339]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">Discodoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and is distinguished from it by the peculiar form of the outer radular teeth. He also noted other diagnostic characteristics of
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB59BFFAF6009FAE6FEB26C01D292" authorityName="Bergh" authorityYear="1891" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Geitodoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F120AFFAF6009FAE6FEB26C01D292" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">Geitodoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: the unarmed penis, absence of prostate and stomach, presence of jaws, anterior border of the foot notched and finger-like oral tentacles.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B84CE18FFAF6009FCB8FE386CC0D01D" blockId="64.[806,1423,196,1904]" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB3E9FFAF6009FCB8FE386B72D130" author="Vayssiere" box="[831,1025,502,525]" firstAuthor="Vayssiere" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" pagination="53 - 92" refId="ref59961" refString="Vayssiere A. 1919. Recherches zoologiques et anatomiques sur les mollusques opisthobranches du Golfe de Marseille. 2 me Supplement Annales du Musee d'Histoire Naturelle de Marseille 17: 53 - 92, plates 4 - 6." type="journal article" year="1919">Vayssière (1919)</bibRefCitation>
described the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB59BFFAF6009FA8DFE386AFDD136" authorityName="Vayssiere" authorityYear="1919" box="[1290,1422,502,523]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Carryodoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F120AFFAF6009FA8DFE386AFDD136" box="[1290,1422,502,523]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">Carryodoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for the new species
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB59BFFAF6009FBADFDDB6C13D174" authority="Vayssiere, 1919" authorityName="Vayssiere" authorityYear="1919" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Carryodoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="joubini">
<emphasis id="B94F120AFFAF6009FBADFDDB6A7FD117" box="[1066,1292,533,554]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">Carryodoris joubini</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB3E9FFAF6009FA9CFDDB6C13D174" author="Vayssiere" firstAuthor="Vayssiere" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" pagination="53 - 92" refId="ref59961" refString="Vayssiere A. 1919. Recherches zoologiques et anatomiques sur les mollusques opisthobranches du Golfe de Marseille. 2 me Supplement Annales du Musee d'Histoire Naturelle de Marseille 17: 53 - 92, plates 4 - 6." type="journal article" year="1919">Vayssière, 1919</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. In his description he did not mention
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB59BFFAF6009FA9AFDFA6AFCD174" authorityName="Bergh" authorityYear="1891" box="[1309,1423,564,585]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Geitodoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F120AFFAF6009FA9AFDFA6AFCD174" box="[1309,1423,564,585]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">Geitodoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or refer to the papers by
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB3E9FFAF6009FBB9FD9C6BA0D154" author="Bergh" box="[1086,1235,594,617]" firstAuthor="Bergh" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" pagination="103 - 144" refId="ref54306" refString="Bergh R. 1891. Die cryptobranchiaten Dorididen. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere 6: 103 - 144." type="journal article" year="1891">Bergh (1891)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB3E9FFAF6009FB59FD9C6A02D155" author="Eliot" box="[1246,1393,594,616]" firstAuthor="Eliot" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" pagination="131 - 159" refId="ref55490" refString="Eliot CN. 1906 b. Report upon a collection of nudibranchiata from the Cape Verde Islands, with notes by C. Crossland. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London 7: 131 - 159, plate 14." type="journal article" year="1906" yearSuffix="b">Eliot (1906b)</bibRefCitation>
or
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB3E9FFAF6009FCA1FDBF6CA2D1BA" author="Odhner" box="[806,977,625,647]" firstAuthor="Odhner" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" pagination="1 - 3" refId="ref57582" refString="Odhner N. 1926. Die Opisthobranchien. In: Odhner N, ed. Further Zoological Results of the Swedish Antarctic Expedition 1901 - 03, Vol. 2. Stockholm: Norstedt and Soner, 1 - 100, plates 1 - 3." type="book chapter" year="1926">Odhner (1926)</bibRefCitation>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB59BFFAF6009FC59FDBF6B11D1BB" authorityName="Vayssiere" authorityYear="1919" box="[990,1122,625,646]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Carryodoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F120AFFAF6009FC59FDBF6B11D1BB" box="[990,1122,625,646]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">Carryodoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was characterized by the presence of jaws with small rodlets and a radula with spatula-shaped outermost lateral teeth. Other features of this genus are the anterior border of the foot notched, perfoliate rhinophores and tripinnate branchial leaves.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B84CE18FFAF6009FCB8FCE76AF1D709" blockId="64.[806,1423,196,1904]" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB3E9FFAF6009FCB8FCE76C8ED002" author="Schmekel" box="[831,1021,809,831]" firstAuthor="Schmekel" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" pagination="370 - 377" refId="ref59205" refString="Schmekel L. 1973. Eine neue Art der verschollenen Gattung Carryodoris Vayssiere, 1919 aus dem Golf von Neapel, Carryodoris portmanni n. sp. (Gastr. Nudibranchia). Pubbliccazione della Stazione Zoologica di Napoli 38: 370 - 377." type="journal article" year="1973">Schmekel (1973)</bibRefCitation>
described a new species of
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB59BFFAF6009FABCFCE46C2DD060" authorityName="Vayssiere" authorityYear="1919" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Carryodoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F120AFFAF6009FABCFCE46C2DD060" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">Carryodoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Mediterranean, and considered this genus to be distinct from
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB59BFFAF6009FBE7FCA86BA1D046" authorityName="Bergh" authorityYear="1891" box="[1120,1234,870,891]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Geitodoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F120AFFAF6009FBE7FCA86BA1D046" box="[1120,1234,870,891]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">Geitodoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. She based her conclusion on two major differences between these two taxa, the absence of a differentiated prostate in
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB59BFFAF6009FCA1FC0C6CEBD0EA" authorityName="Bergh" authorityYear="1891" box="[806,920,962,983]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Geitodoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F120AFFAF6009FCA1FC0C6CEBD0EA" box="[806,920,962,983]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">Geitodoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which is present in
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB59BFFAF6009FB1AFC0C6A52D0EA" authorityName="Vayssiere" authorityYear="1919" box="[1181,1313,962,983]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Carryodoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F120AFFAF6009FB1AFC0C6A52D0EA" box="[1181,1313,962,983]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">Carryodoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and the absence of denticles on the outermost lateral teeth of
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB59BFFAF6009FCA1FBCE6CEBD728" authorityName="Bergh" authorityYear="1891" box="[806,920,1024,1045]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Geitodoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F120AFFAF6009FCA1FBCE6CEBD728" box="[806,920,1024,1045]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">Geitodoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, also present in
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB59BFFAF6009FBD5FBCE6BA5D728" authorityName="Vayssiere" authorityYear="1919" box="[1106,1238,1024,1045]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Carryodoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F120AFFAF6009FBD5FBCE6BA5D728" box="[1106,1238,1024,1045]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">Carryodoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. She also transferred
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB59BFFAF6009FCF3FBD06BAED709" authority="Baba, 1926" authorityName="Baba" authorityYear="1926" box="[884,1245,1054,1076]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Geitodoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ohshimai">
<emphasis id="B94F120AFFAF6009FCF3FBD06B27D70E" box="[884,1108,1054,1075]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">Geitodoris ohshimai</emphasis>
Baba, 1926
</taxonomicName>
to this genus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B84CE18FFAF6009FCB8FBF36B76D561" blockId="64.[806,1423,196,1904]" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB3E9FFAF6009FCB8FBF36B00D76E" author="Ortea &amp; Ballesteros" box="[831,1139,1085,1107]" firstAuthor="Ortea" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" pagination="337 - 342" refId="ref58023" refString="Ortea JA, Ballesteros M. 1981. A new Doridacea from the Iberian and Balearic littoral: Geitodoris bonosi n. sp. Journal of Molluscan Studies 47: 337 - 342." type="journal article" year="1981">Ortea &amp; Ballesteros (1981)</bibRefCitation>
regarded
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB59BFFAF6009FB6DFBF36A1DD76F" authorityName="Vayssiere" authorityYear="1919" box="[1258,1390,1085,1106]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Carryodoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F120AFFAF6009FB6DFBF36A1DD76F" box="[1258,1390,1085,1106]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">Carryodoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a subgenus of
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB59BFFAF6009FC57FB926B31D74C" authorityName="Bergh" authorityYear="1891" box="[976,1090,1116,1137]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Geitodoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F120AFFAF6009FC57FB926B31D74C" box="[976,1090,1116,1137]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">Geitodoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. According to these authors, the name
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB59BFFAF6009FC1CFBB46B7ED7B2" authorityName="Bergh" authorityYear="1891" box="[923,1037,1146,1167]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Geitodoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F120AFFAF6009FC1CFBB46B7ED7B2" box="[923,1037,1146,1167]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">Geitodoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
should be used for
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB59BFFAF6009FB68FBB56AFCD7B2" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1880" box="[1263,1423,1146,1168]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dorididae" genus="Doris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="complanata">
<emphasis id="B94F120AFFAF6009FB68FBB56AFCD7B2" box="[1263,1423,1146,1168]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">G. complanata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and other species with smooth lateral teeth and lacking a differentiated prostate and
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB59BFFAF6009FB2BFB766A43D7F0" authorityName="Vayssiere" authorityYear="1919" box="[1196,1328,1208,1229]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Carryodoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F120AFFAF6009FB2BFB766A43D7F0" box="[1196,1328,1208,1229]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">Carryodoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for species with denticulate lateral teeth an a differentiated prostate. In addition,
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB3E9FFAF6009FBBBFB3B6AFDD636" author="Ortea &amp; Ballesteros" box="[1084,1422,1269,1291]" firstAuthor="Ortea" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" pagination="337 - 342" refId="ref58023" refString="Ortea JA, Ballesteros M. 1981. A new Doridacea from the Iberian and Balearic littoral: Geitodoris bonosi n. sp. Journal of Molluscan Studies 47: 337 - 342." type="journal article" year="1981">Ortea &amp; Ballesteros (1981)</bibRefCitation>
described the new subgenus
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB59BFFAF6009FB01FADA6B90D614" authorityName="Ortea &amp; Ballesteros" authorityYear="1981" box="[1158,1251,1300,1321]" class="Gastropoda" family="Balticinidae" genus="Verrillia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleralcyonacea" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F120AFFAF6009FB01FADA6B90D614" box="[1158,1251,1300,1321]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">Verrillia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB59BFFAF6009FA9AFADA6C1ED67A" authorityName="Ortea &amp; Ballesteros" authorityYear="1981" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Geitodoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bonosi">
<emphasis id="B94F120AFFAF6009FA9AFADA6C1ED67A" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">Geitodoris bonosi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which has smooth lateral teeth and a differentiated prostate. Other authors (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB3E9FFAF6009FB65FA9F6AF9D65B" author="Perrone" box="[1250,1418,1361,1382]" firstAuthor="Perrone" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" pagination="139 - 150" refId="ref58295" refString="Perrone A. 1984. Contributo alla conoscenza di Geitodoris (Carryodoris) portmanni (Schmekel, 1970) (Opisthobranchia: Nudibranchia). Bollettino Malacologico 20: 139 - 150." type="journal article" year="1984">Perrone, 1984</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB3E9FFAF6009FCA1FABE6B9CD6BB" author="Cervera, Garcia-Gomez &amp; Garcia" box="[806,1263,1392,1414]" firstAuthor="Cervera" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" pagination="198 - 204" refId="ref54905" refString="Cervera JL, Garcia-Gomez JC, Garcia FJ. 1985. Redescription of Geitodoris planata (Alder &amp; Hancock, 1846) (Gastropoda: Nudibranchia). Journal of Molluscan Studies 51: 198 - 204." type="journal article" year="1985">Cervera, García-Gómez &amp; García, 1985</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB3E9FFAF6009FB7BFABE6AF4D6BB" author="Miller" box="[1276,1415,1392,1414]" firstAuthor="Miller" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" pagination="433 - 442" refId="ref57499" refString="Miller MC. 1996. A new species of the dorid nudibranch genus Geitodoris Bergh, 1892 (Gastropoda, Opisthobranchia) from New Zealand. Journal of Molluscan Studies 62: 433 - 442." type="journal article" year="1996">Miller, 1996</bibRefCitation>
) followed this classification including three different subgenera, in subsequent papers.
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB3E9FFAF6009FB32FA636B44D6DF" author="Martinez, Ortea &amp; Ballesteros" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Martinez" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" pagination="257 - 261" refId="ref57326" refString="Martinez E, Ortea J, Ballesteros M. 1996. Redescription of Geitodoris reticulata Eliot, 1906 (Gastropoda: Nudibranchia) from the Cape Verde Islands. Journal of Molluscan Studies 62: 257 - 261." type="journal article" year="1996">
Martínez, Ortea &amp; Ballesteros
<emphasis id="B94F120AFFAF6009FC28FA036C93D6DC" box="[943,992,1484,1506]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">et al</emphasis>
. (1996)
</bibRefCitation>
considered that the presence of denticles on the lateral teeth of
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB59BFFAF6009FB22FA246A64D6C2" authorityName="Bergh" authorityYear="1891" box="[1189,1303,1514,1535]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Geitodoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F120AFFAF6009FB22FA246A64D6C2" box="[1189,1303,1514,1535]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">Geitodoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
‘should be considered as a specific character rather than a generic one’, but at the same time continued using the same classification.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B84CE18FFAF6009FCB8F9AB6CECD44D" blockId="64.[806,1423,196,1904]" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">
An anatomical study of
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB59BFFAF6009FBF5F9A86A61D547" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1880" box="[1138,1298,1637,1659]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dorididae" genus="Doris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="complanata">
<emphasis id="B94F120AFFAF6009FBF5F9A86A61D547" box="[1138,1298,1637,1659]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">G. complanata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the
<typeStatus id="548070BAFFAF6009FADAF9A86AFDD546" box="[1373,1422,1638,1659]" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">type</typeStatus>
species of
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB59BFFAF6009FC23F94A6B65D5A4" authorityName="Bergh" authorityYear="1891" box="[932,1046,1668,1689]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Geitodoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F120AFFAF6009FC23F94A6B65D5A4" box="[932,1046,1668,1689]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">Geitodoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, shows that this species has a well developed prostate and therefore there are virtually no differences between
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB59BFFAF6009FBEBF90F6BADD5EB" authorityName="Bergh" authorityYear="1891" box="[1132,1246,1729,1750]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Geitodoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F120AFFAF6009FBEBF90F6BADD5EB" box="[1132,1246,1729,1750]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">Geitodoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB59BFFAF6009FA9CF90F6A05D5EB" authorityName="Ortea &amp; Ballesteros" authorityYear="1981" box="[1307,1398,1729,1750]" class="Gastropoda" family="Balticinidae" genus="Verrillia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleralcyonacea" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F120AFFAF6009FA9CF90F6A05D5EB" box="[1307,1398,1729,1750]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">Verrillia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. I agree with most of the authors mentioned above in that the presence of denticles in some mid-lateral teeth should not on its own be used to separate the two genera, and thus I regard
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB59BFFAF6009FBC9F8F26BA1D46C" authorityName="Vayssiere" authorityYear="1919" box="[1102,1234,1852,1873]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Carryodoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F120AFFAF6009FBC9F8F26BA1D46C" box="[1102,1234,1852,1873]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">Carryodoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB59BFFAF6009FCA1F8946CEBD452" authorityName="Bergh" authorityYear="1891" box="[806,920,1882,1903]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Geitodoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="64" pageNumber="599" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F120AFFAF6009FCA1F8946CEBD452" box="[806,920,1882,1903]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="599">Geitodoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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