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<document id="D44FAE90AA95E16B2D89989EED8F4D5C" ID-CLB-Dataset="29136" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4487.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="939f52d6-d58b-4a22-8aec-dd5c6a591067" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1456161" ID-ZooBank="524B23B9-8EAA-4BD6-8937-A1B8F1C057B9" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1539207709472" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Calder, Dale R. &amp; Choong, Henry H. C." docDate="2018" docId="0392282AFFF7FFF6AEC15AA61BDFFBF7" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4487.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4487 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Ectopleura grandis Fraser 1944" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="19" masterDocId="FFAB5052FFE6FFE4AE565F381931FF8A" masterDocTitle="Names of hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) established by Charles McLean Fraser (1872 - 1946), excluding those from Allan Hancock Expeditions" masterLastPageNumber="83" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="18" updateTime="1698574918362" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="98272B0DCE46664E3F96A2F823FBF51D">Names of hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) established by Charles McLean Fraser (1872 - 1946), excluding those from Allan Hancock Expeditions</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="71AC332E9D824D83CDD53EFFAE12A5D1">Calder, Dale R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="732F829082FC48DFC1B73A43D2E5E58E">Choong, Henry H. C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="CBA400608BE091729B9072E7C00B0E64">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="0D2F947AF56A32F259C2001CAA7F8453">
<mods:date id="8625E9ABA30EAC883C2F02ABE00D038E">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="90914AD3A760493F4A6253813F28E8C7">2018-10-02</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="26CA3EAF3DF1D70EE131CA89F8722438">4487</mods:number>
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<treatment id="0392282AFFF7FFF6AEC15AA61BDFFBF7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5968295" ID-GBIF-Taxon="148685570" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5968295" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0392282AFFF7FFF6AEC15AA61BDFFBF7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0392282AFFF7FFF6AEC15AA61BDFFBF7" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<subSubSection id="C321CAB7FFF7FFF5AEC15AA61B1FFA32" box="[151,558,1438,1464]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B84993CFFF7FFF5AEC15AA61B1FFA32" blockId="17.[151,558,1438,1464]" box="[151,558,1438,1464]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<heading id="D0CC2E50FFF7FFF5AEC15AA61B1FFA32" bold="true" box="[151,558,1438,1464]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C3BE2BFFFF7FFF5AEC15AA61B1FFA32" ID-CoL="38QX5" authority="Fraser, 1944 a" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1944" box="[151,558,1438,1464]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Ectopleura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="grandis">
<emphasis id="B94F452EFFF7FFF5AEC15AA61B1FFA32" bold="true" box="[151,558,1438,1464]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="B94F452EFFF7FFF5AEC15AA6184EFA32" bold="true" box="[151,383,1438,1464]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Ectopleura grandis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAE4CDFFF7FFF5AFD05AA61B1FFA32" box="[390,558,1438,1464]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refId="ref77144" refString="Fraser, C. M. (1944 a) Hydroids of the Atlantic coast of North America. University of Toronto Press, Toronto, 451 pp. [published no later than 19 July 1944: W. J. Dunlop (University of Toronto Press) to S. J. Cook (National Research Council, Canada), letter dated June 8, 1944, &quot; We have almost finished our work on Hydroids of the Αtlantic coast. The sheets are in the bindery and we should begin shipping before long. &quot; - C. M. Fraser to W. J. Dunlop, letter dated July 19, 1944, &quot; The six copies of ' Hydroids of the Αtlantic coast of North Αmerica' arrived safely. &quot; Both letters in University of Toronto Αrchives and Records Management Services, University of Toronto Press Fonds, B 1998 - 0025, Box 5]" type="book">Fraser, 1944a</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B84993CFFF7FFF5AEC15AD81BEAFA7C" blockId="17.[151,731,1504,1526]" box="[151,731,1504,1526]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2BBE12FFF7FFF5AEC15AD81BEAFA7C" box="[151,731,1504,1526]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="4C3BE2BFFFF7FFF5AEC15AD81B22FA7C" ID-CoL="38QX5" authority="Fraser, 1944 a: 92" authorityName="Fraser" authorityPageNumber="92" authorityYear="1944" box="[151,531,1504,1526]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Ectopleura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="grandis">
<emphasis id="B94F452EFFF7FFF5AEC15AD8186BFA7C" box="[151,346,1504,1526]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Ectopleura grandis</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0A9ABF2DFFF7FFF5AF375AD91B22FA7C" author="" box="[353,531,1504,1526]" page="92" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAE4CDFFF7FFF5AF375AD918DFFA7C" box="[353,494,1504,1526]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refId="ref77144" refString="Fraser, C. M. (1944 a) Hydroids of the Atlantic coast of North America. University of Toronto Press, Toronto, 451 pp. [published no later than 19 July 1944: W. J. Dunlop (University of Toronto Press) to S. J. Cook (National Research Council, Canada), letter dated June 8, 1944, &quot; We have almost finished our work on Hydroids of the Αtlantic coast. The sheets are in the bindery and we should begin shipping before long. &quot; - C. M. Fraser to W. J. Dunlop, letter dated July 19, 1944, &quot; The six copies of ' Hydroids of the Αtlantic coast of North Αmerica' arrived safely. &quot; Both letters in University of Toronto Αrchives and Records Management Services, University of Toronto Press Fonds, B 1998 - 0025, Box 5]" type="book">Fraser, 1944a</bibRefCitation>
: 92
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, pl. 15, figs. 66a, b.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B84993CFFF7FFF5AEC159251A07F9F4" blockId="17.[151,1437,1565,2022]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<materialsCitation id="3B539361FFF7FFF5AEC159251A07F9F4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1915526139" collectingDate="1930-05" collectionCode="AMNH" collectorName="M. Burkenroad" country="United States of America" location="East Bay" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" specimenCode="AMNH 3253" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Louisiana" typeStatus="syntype">
<emphasis id="B94F452EFFF7FFF5AEC15925183AF9BC" bold="true" box="[151,267,1565,1590]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<typeStatus id="5480279EFFF7FFF5AEC159251836F9BC" box="[151,263,1565,1590]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
<specimenCode id="DB9D3147FFF7FFF5AF455926189AF9BC" box="[275,427,1565,1590]" collectionCode="AMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">AMNH 3253</specimenCode>
:
<collectingCountry id="F32CD9ACFFF7FFF5AFE0592618C0F9BC" box="[438,497,1566,1590]" name="United States of America" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">USA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49FF57DEFFF7FFF5AFAB59251B5FF9BC" box="[509,622,1565,1590]" country="United States of America" name="Louisiana" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Louisiana</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="8EE4CFE7FFF7FFF5AC2C59261BEEF9BC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0392282AFFF7FFF6AEC15AA61BDFFBF7:8EE4CFE7FFF7FFF5AC2C59261BEEF9BC" box="[634,735,1566,1590]" country="United States of America" name="East Bay" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Louisiana">East Bay</location>
,
<collectingDate id="EFC14614FFF7FFF5ACBD59261A51F9BC" box="[747,864,1566,1590]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" value="1930-05">
<date id="FF85BFFCFFF7FFF5ACBD59261A51F9BC" box="[747,864,1566,1590]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" value="1930-05">May 1930</date>
</collectingDate>
, several colonies and colony fragments, some with and some without hydranths, up to
<quantity id="4CC334D9FFF7FFF5AC4859791B65F9D3" box="[542,596,1601,1626]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="cm" value="5.0">5 cm</quantity>
high, in marginally fair to poor condition, a few hydranths with developing gonophores, coll.
<collectorName id="26CEFCEAFFF7FFF5AF09595E1B3FF9F4" box="[351,526,1637,1662]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">M. Burkenroad</collectorName>
; formalin, now in ethanol.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C321CAB7FFF7FFF6AE9159B21A8BFF5F" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B84993CFFF7FFF5AE9159B219C0F960" blockId="17.[151,1437,1565,2022]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<materialsCitation id="3B539361FFF7FFF5AE9159B219C0F960" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1915526158" collectingDate="1930-04-15" collectionCode="AMNH" collectorName="M. Burkenroad" country="United States of America" location="Imbale Bay" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" specimenCode="AMNH 3258" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Louisiana">
<specimenCode id="DB9D3147FFF7FFF5AE9159B21850F928" box="[199,353,1673,1698]" collectionCode="AMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">AMNH 3258</specimenCode>
:
<collectingCountry id="F32CD9ACFFF7FFF5AF3B59B21899F928" box="[365,424,1674,1698]" name="United States of America" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">USA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49FF57DEFFF7FFF5AFE359B11B17F928" box="[437,550,1673,1698]" country="United States of America" name="Louisiana" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Louisiana</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="8EE4CFE7FFF7FFF5AC6559B11B86F928" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0392282AFFF7FFF6AEC15AA61BDFFBF7:8EE4CFE7FFF7FFF5AC6559B11B86F928" box="[563,695,1673,1698]" country="United States of America" name="Imbale Bay" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Louisiana">Imbale Bay</location>
,
<date id="FF85BFFCFFF7FFF5AC9259B11A57F928" box="[708,870,1673,1698]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" value="1930-04-15">
<collectingDate id="EFC14614FFF7FFF5AC9259B11A57F928" box="[708,870,1673,1698]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" value="1930-04-15">15 April 1930</collectingDate>
</date>
, several (&gt;10) stem fragments without hydranths, up to
<quantity id="4CC334D9FFF7FFF5AE8B5996181EF94F" box="[221,303,1710,1734]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
high, with some stolons on seagrass, without gonophores, coll.
<collectorName id="26CEFCEAFFF7FFF5AA4C59961DFDF94C" box="[1050,1228,1709,1734]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">M. Burkenroad</collectorName>
; formalin, now in ethanol.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B84993CFFF7FFF5AE9159CD1A07F8DC" blockId="17.[151,1437,1565,2022]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<materialsCitation id="3B539361FFF7FFF5AE9159CD1A07F8DC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1915526163" collectingDate="1930-05" collectionCode="AMNH" collectorName="M. Burkenroad" country="United States of America" location="East Bay" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" specimenCode="AMNH 3253" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Louisiana" typeStatus="lectotype">
<emphasis id="B94F452EFFF7FFF5AE9159CD1B44F884" bold="true" box="[199,629,1781,1806]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<typeStatus id="5480279EFFF7FFF5AE9159CD180EF884" box="[199,319,1781,1806]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
, by present designation.
</emphasis>
<specimenCode id="DB9D3147FFF7FFF5ACD559CE1A12F884" box="[643,803,1781,1806]" collectionCode="AMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">AMNH 3253</specimenCode>
:
<collectingCountry id="F32CD9ACFFF7FFF5AD6359CE1A41F884" box="[821,880,1782,1806]" name="United States of America" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">USA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49FF57DEFFF7FFF5ADD459CD1AC2F884" box="[898,1011,1781,1806]" country="United States of America" name="Louisiana" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Louisiana</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="8EE4CFE7FFF7FFF5AA5059CE1D43F884" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0392282AFFF7FFF6AEC15AA61BDFFBF7:8EE4CFE7FFF7FFF5AA5059CE1D43F884" box="[1030,1138,1782,1806]" country="United States of America" name="East Bay" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Louisiana">East Bay</location>
,
<date id="FF85BFFCFFF7FFF5AAD359CE1C33F884" box="[1157,1282,1782,1806]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" value="1930-05">
<collectingDate id="EFC14614FFF7FFF5AAD359CE1C33F884" box="[1157,1282,1782,1806]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" value="1930-05">May 1930</collectingDate>
</date>
, one colony, branched eight times, about
<quantity id="4CC334D9FFF7FFF5AF8F58211B20F8BB" box="[473,529,1817,1842]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="cm" value="5.0">5 cm</quantity>
high when straightened, in marginally fair condition, with 4 hydranths, without gonophores, coll.
<collectorName id="26CEFCEAFFF7FFF5AF0958061B3FF8DC" box="[351,526,1853,1878]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">M. Burkenroad</collectorName>
; formalin, now in ethanol.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B84993CFFF7FFF5AE9158591882F848" blockId="17.[151,1437,1565,2022]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<materialsCitation id="3B539361FFF7FFF5AE9158591882F848" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1915526072" collectingDate="1930-04-15" collectionCode="AMNH" collectorName="M. Burkenroad" country="United States of America" location="Imbale Bay" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" specimenCode="AMNH 3258" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Louisiana" typeStatus="paralectotype">
<emphasis id="B94F452EFFF7FFF5AE915859184FF8F0" bold="true" box="[199,382,1889,1914]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<typeStatus id="5480279EFFF7FFF5AE9158591848F8F0" box="[199,377,1889,1914]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="paralectotype">Paralectotypes</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<specimenCode id="DB9D3147FFF7FFF5AFDE585A1B14F8F0" box="[392,549,1889,1914]" collectionCode="AMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">AMNH 3258</specimenCode>
:
<collectingCountry id="F32CD9ACFFF7FFF5AC65585A1B5FF8F0" box="[563,622,1890,1914]" name="United States of America" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">USA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49FF57DEFFF7FFF5AC2B58591BDFF8F0" box="[637,750,1889,1914]" country="United States of America" name="Louisiana" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Louisiana</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="8EE4CFE7FFF7FFF5ACAB58591AB5F8F0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0392282AFFF7FFF6AEC15AA61BDFFBF7:8EE4CFE7FFF7FFF5ACAB58591AB5F8F0" box="[765,900,1889,1914]" country="United States of America" name="Imbale Bay" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Louisiana">Imbale Bay</location>
,
<date id="FF85BFFCFFF7FFF5ADC558591D0AF8F0" box="[915,1083,1889,1914]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" value="1930-04-15">
<collectingDate id="EFC14614FFF7FFF5ADC558591D0AF8F0" box="[915,1083,1889,1914]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" value="1930-04-15">15 April 1930</collectingDate>
</date>
, several (&gt;10) stem fragments without hydranths, up to
<quantity id="4CC334D9FFF7FFF5AFE158BE1B38F817" box="[439,521,1926,1950]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
high, with some stolons on seagrass, without gonophores, coll.
<collectorName id="26CEFCEAFFF7FFF5AAB158BE1CA9F814" box="[1255,1432,1925,1950]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">M. Burkenroad</collectorName>
; formalin, now in ethanol.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B84993CFFF7FFF6AE9158F61A8BFF5F" blockId="17.[151,1437,1565,2022]" lastBlockId="18.[151,1437,151,1149]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<materialsCitation id="3B539361FFF7FFF5AE9158F61BD7F86C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1915526121" box="[199,742,1997,2022]" collectionCode="AMNH" country="United States of America" location="East Bay" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" specimenCode="IZC 250227" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Louisiana">
<collectionCode id="ED2A01F9FFF7FFF5AE9158F6182CF86C" box="[199,285,1998,2022]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">AMNH</collectionCode>
_
<specimenCode id="DB9D3147FFF7FFF5AF7D58F61887F86C" box="[299,438,1997,2022]" collectionCode="AMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
IZC
<date id="FF85BFFCFFF7FFF5AF0858F51887F86C" box="[350,438,1997,2022]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" value="27-02-25">250227</date>
</specimenCode>
:
<collectingCountry id="F32CD9ACFFF7FFF5AF9658F618CAF86C" box="[448,507,1998,2022]" name="United States of America" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">USA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49FF57DEFFF7FFF5AC5358F51B47F86C" box="[517,630,1997,2022]" country="United States of America" name="Louisiana" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Louisiana</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="8EE4CFE7FFF7FFF5ACD758F61BD7F86C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0392282AFFF7FFF6AEC15AA61BDFFBF7:8EE4CFE7FFF7FFF5ACD758F61BD7F86C" box="[641,742,1998,2022]" country="United States of America" name="East Bay" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Louisiana">East Bay</location>
</materialsCitation>
,
<date id="FF85BFFCFFF7FFF5ACA758F61A57F86C" box="[753,870,1998,2022]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" value="1930-05">May 1930</date>
, several colonies and colony fragments, some with and some without hydranths, up to
<quantity id="4CC334D9FFF4FFF6AC145FAF1BA5FF25" box="[578,660,151,176]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="cm" value="3.5">3.5 cm</quantity>
high, in marginally fair to poor condition, a few hydranths with developing gonophores, coll. M. Burkenroad; formalin, now in ethanol.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C321CAB7FFF4FFF6AE915FE718F2FE97" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B84993CFFF4FFF6AE915FE71A77FF72" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1149]" box="[199,838,223,248]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<materialsCitation id="3B539361FFF4FFF6AE915FE71A77FF72" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1915526094" box="[199,838,223,248]" country="United States of America" location="East Bay" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Louisiana" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B94F452EFFF4FFF6AE915FE71854FF72" bold="true" box="[199,357,223,248]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<typeStatus id="5480279EFFF4FFF6AE915FE71833FF72" box="[199,258,223,248]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F32CD9ACFFF4FFF6AF3A5FD81896FF72" box="[364,423,224,248]" name="United States of America" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">USA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49FF57DEFFF4FFF6AFE45FE71B14FF72" box="[434,549,223,248]" country="United States of America" name="Louisiana" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Louisiana</collectingRegion>
:
<location id="8EE4CFE7FFF4FFF6AC795FD81BA2FF72" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0392282AFFF7FFF6AEC15AA61BDFFBF7:8EE4CFE7FFF4FFF6AC795FD81BA2FF72" box="[559,659,224,248]" country="United States of America" name="East Bay" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" stateProvince="Louisiana">East Bay</location>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAE4CDFFF4FFF6ACF45FD81A0BFF72" box="[674,826,224,248]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refId="ref77144" refString="Fraser, C. M. (1944 a) Hydroids of the Atlantic coast of North America. University of Toronto Press, Toronto, 451 pp. [published no later than 19 July 1944: W. J. Dunlop (University of Toronto Press) to S. J. Cook (National Research Council, Canada), letter dated June 8, 1944, &quot; We have almost finished our work on Hydroids of the Αtlantic coast. The sheets are in the bindery and we should begin shipping before long. &quot; - C. M. Fraser to W. J. Dunlop, letter dated July 19, 1944, &quot; The six copies of ' Hydroids of the Αtlantic coast of North Αmerica' arrived safely. &quot; Both letters in University of Toronto Αrchives and Records Management Services, University of Toronto Press Fonds, B 1998 - 0025, Box 5]" type="book">Fraser 1944a</bibRefCitation>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B84993CFFF4FFF6AE915E3C18F2FE97" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1149]" box="[199,451,260,285]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B94F452EFFF4FFF6AE915E3C184DFE97" bold="true" box="[199,380,260,285]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Current status.</emphasis>
Valid.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C321CAB7FFF4FFF6AE915E1F1B02FCD7" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B84993CFFF4FFF6AE915E1F1AE0FDB6" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1149]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B94F452EFFF4FFF6AE915E1F180AFECA" bold="true" box="[199,315,295,320]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BE2BFFFF4FFF6AF125E1F1B2FFECA" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1944" box="[324,542,295,320]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Ectopleura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="grandis">
<emphasis id="B94F452EFFF4FFF6AF125E1F1B2FFECA" box="[324,542,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Ectopleura grandis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was founded by
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAE4CDFFF4FFF6ACB35E101ABDFECA" box="[741,908,296,320]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refId="ref77144" refString="Fraser, C. M. (1944 a) Hydroids of the Atlantic coast of North America. University of Toronto Press, Toronto, 451 pp. [published no later than 19 July 1944: W. J. Dunlop (University of Toronto Press) to S. J. Cook (National Research Council, Canada), letter dated June 8, 1944, &quot; We have almost finished our work on Hydroids of the Αtlantic coast. The sheets are in the bindery and we should begin shipping before long. &quot; - C. M. Fraser to W. J. Dunlop, letter dated July 19, 1944, &quot; The six copies of ' Hydroids of the Αtlantic coast of North Αmerica' arrived safely. &quot; Both letters in University of Toronto Αrchives and Records Management Services, University of Toronto Press Fonds, B 1998 - 0025, Box 5]" type="book">Fraser (1944a)</bibRefCitation>
for hydroids from Barataria Bay, Imbale Bay, and East Bay,
<collectingRegion id="49FF57DEFFF4FFF6AF6A5E74189FFEEF" box="[316,430,332,357]" country="United States of America" name="Louisiana" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Louisiana</collectingRegion>
. Although no
<typeStatus id="5480279EFFF4FFF6AC075E751BBDFEEF" box="[593,652,333,357]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">types</typeStatus>
of the species were designated in the original account, specimens of the
<typeStatus id="5480279EFFF4FFF6AE975E4819C0FE02" box="[193,241,368,392]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">type</typeStatus>
series exist at the AMNH, with one sample (AMNH 3253: East Bay) listed in the online database of the museum as the
<typeStatus id="5480279EFFF4FFF6AF1E5EAC189BFE27" box="[328,426,404,429]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and another (AMNH 3258: Imbale Bay) as a
<typeStatus id="5480279EFFF4FFF6ADE05EAD1D2BFE27" box="[950,1050,405,429]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
. We regard both as
<typeStatus id="5480279EFFF4FFF6AAAD5EAD1C6CFE27" box="[1275,1373,405,429]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
here, under provisions of the Code (ICZN Art. 72.4.7). Arai (1977) also listed the species as part of the Fraser Hydroid Collection at the RBCM (BCPM 976-00144-001: Barataria Bay,
<date id="FF85BFFCFFF4FFF6AD225EE41D3FFE7E" box="[884,1038,476,501]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" value="1931-05-25">25 May 1931</date>
). However, it is not currently listed in the online catalogue of the museum, and is now missing from the collection.
<collectingRegion id="49FF57DEFFF4FFF6AA4E5D381D0BFD9D" box="[1048,1082,512,535]" country="Haiti" name="Nord" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">No</collectingRegion>
other
<typeStatus id="5480279EFFF4FFF6AAD55D381D8FFD92" box="[1155,1214,512,536]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">types</typeStatus>
of the species were located in online databases of the NMNH, CAS, RBCM, MCZ and YPM.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B84993CFFF4FFF6AE915D7F1B02FCD7" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1149]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
After examining the
<typeStatus id="5480279EFFF4FFF6AFF85D701B21FDEA" box="[430,528,584,608]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
listed above, a single colony was selected as the
<typeStatus id="5480279EFFF4FFF6AA625D7F1DABFDEA" box="[1076,1178,583,608]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
and returned to its vial (AMNH 3253). Other colonies and colony fragments from the same vial were removed to a separate vial, assigned a new collection number (AMNH_IZC
<date id="FF85BFFCFFF4FFF6AC0E5DB71B81FD22" box="[600,688,655,680]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" value="27-02-25">250227</date>
), and included in the
<typeStatus id="5480279EFFF4FFF6ADF35DB71D0DFD22" box="[933,1084,655,680]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
series. The
<typeStatus id="5480279EFFF4FFF6AA915DB71C1CFD22" box="[1223,1325,655,680]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
colony is the best preserved of all the
<typeStatus id="5480279EFFF4FFF6AF815D8D1B36FD47" box="[471,519,693,717]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">type</typeStatus>
specimens, although its four hydranths lack gonophores. A few hydranths in one of the
<typeStatus id="5480279EFFF4FFF6AEB45DEF1848FD7A" box="[226,377,727,752]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
collections (AMNH_IZC
<date id="FF85BFFCFFF4FFF6ACF05DEF1BCDFD7A" box="[678,764,727,752]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" value="27-02-25">250227</date>
) have developing gonophores, but their trophosomes show fewer characters of the species overall. None of the examined hydranths were as large as indicated by
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAE4CDFFF4FFF6AB005DC519D9FCB2" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refId="ref77144" refString="Fraser, C. M. (1944 a) Hydroids of the Atlantic coast of North America. University of Toronto Press, Toronto, 451 pp. [published no later than 19 July 1944: W. J. Dunlop (University of Toronto Press) to S. J. Cook (National Research Council, Canada), letter dated June 8, 1944, &quot; We have almost finished our work on Hydroids of the Αtlantic coast. The sheets are in the bindery and we should begin shipping before long. &quot; - C. M. Fraser to W. J. Dunlop, letter dated July 19, 1944, &quot; The six copies of ' Hydroids of the Αtlantic coast of North Αmerica' arrived safely. &quot; Both letters in University of Toronto Αrchives and Records Management Services, University of Toronto Press Fonds, B 1998 - 0025, Box 5]" type="book">Fraser (1944a</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 15, fig. 66a). The
<typeStatus id="5480279EFFF4FFF6AFBA5C181B2DFCB2" box="[492,540,800,824]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">type</typeStatus>
locality of
<taxonomicName id="4C3BE2BFFFF4FFF6ACF45C271A4DFCB2" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1944" box="[674,892,799,824]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Ectopleura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="grandis">
<emphasis id="B94F452EFFF4FFF6ACF45C271A4DFCB2" box="[674,892,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Ectopleura grandis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is restricted here to East Bay,
<collectingRegion id="49FF57DEFFF4FFF6AA885C271C7EFCB2" box="[1246,1359,799,824]" country="United States of America" name="Louisiana" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Louisiana</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F32CD9ACFFF4FFF6AB0B5C181CA9FCB2" box="[1373,1432,800,824]" name="United States of America" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">USA</collectingCountry>
, following designation of a
<typeStatus id="5480279EFFF4FFF6AF935C7C1B01FCD7" box="[453,560,836,861]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C321CAB7FFF4FFF6AE915C5F1BDFFBF7" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B84993CFFF4FFF6AE915C5F1BDFFBF7" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1149]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<taxonomicName id="4C3BE2BFFFF4FFF6AE915C5F1895FC0A" ID-CoL="38QX5" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1944" box="[199,420,871,896]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Ectopleura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="grandis">
<emphasis id="B94F452EFFF4FFF6AE915C5F1895FC0A" box="[199,420,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Ectopleura grandis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been considered a valid species in works such as
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAE4CDFFF4FFF6AA655C501DD0FC0A" box="[1075,1249,871,896]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refId="ref74014" refString="Deevey, E. S., Jr. (1950) Hydroids from Louisiana and Texas, with remarks on the Pleistocene biogeography of the western Gulf of Mexico. Ecology, 31, 334 - 367. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1931490" type="journal article">Deevey (1950)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAE4CDFFF4FFF6AAA45C5F187EFC2E" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refId="ref74063" refString="Defenbaugh, R. E. &amp; Hopkins, S. H. (1973) The occurrence and distribution of the hydroids of the Galveston Bay, Texas, area. Texas Α &amp; M University, College Station, Texas, 202 pp. [TΑMU-SG- 73 - 210]" type="book chapter">Defenbaugh &amp; Hopkins (1973)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAE4CDFFF4FFF6AF375CB51B2BFC2E" box="[353,538,908,932]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refId="ref81380" refString="Petersen, K. W. (1990) Evolution and taxonomy in capitate hydroids and medusae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 100, 101 - 231. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1990. tb 01862. x" type="journal article">Petersen (1990)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAE4CDFFF4FFF6AC7A5CB41A2BFC2E" box="[556,794,908,933]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refId="ref72164" refString="Cairns, S. D., Calder, D. R., Brinckmann-Voss, Α., Castro, C. B., Fautin, D. G., Pugh, P. R., Mills, C. E., Jaap, W. C., Αrai, M. N., Haddock, S. H. D. &amp; Opresko, D. M. (2002) Common and scientific names of aquatic invertebrates from the United States and Canada: Cnidaria and Ctenophora. Second Edition. American Fisheries Society Special Publication, 28, 1 - 115." type="journal article">
Cairns
<emphasis id="B94F452EFFF4FFF6ACD45CB51B88FC2F" box="[642,697,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">et al</emphasis>
. (2002)
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAE4CDFFF4FFF6AD7A5CB41D02FC2F" box="[812,1075,908,933]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refId="ref71467" refString="Bouillon, J., Gravili, C., Pages, F., Gili, J. - M. &amp; Boero, F. (2006) Αn introduction to Hydrozoa. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 194, 1 - 591." type="journal article">
Bouillon
<emphasis id="B94F452EFFF4FFF6ADCD5CB51AE3FC2F" box="[923,978,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">et al</emphasis>
. (2006)
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAE4CDFFF4FFF6AA125CB41C53FC2E" box="[1092,1378,908,933]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refId="ref72786" refString="Calder, D. R. &amp; Cairns, S. D. (2009) Hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) of the Gulf of Mexico. In: Felder, D. L. &amp; Camp, D. K. (Eds.), Gulf of Mexico. Origin, waters, and biota. Vol. 1. Biodiversity. Texas Α &amp; M University Press, College Station, pp. 381 - 394." type="book chapter">Calder &amp; Cairns (2009)</bibRefCitation>
, and WoRMS. According to
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAE4CDFFF4FFF6AFFB5C881B6BFC42" box="[429,602,943,968]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refId="ref74014" refString="Deevey, E. S., Jr. (1950) Hydroids from Louisiana and Texas, with remarks on the Pleistocene biogeography of the western Gulf of Mexico. Ecology, 31, 334 - 367. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1931490" type="journal article">Deevey (1950)</bibRefCitation>
, the hydroid is decidedly more robust than that of
<taxonomicName id="4C3BE2BFFFF4FFF6AAEF5C89187BFC66" ID-CoL="38QWZ" authority="(Van Beneden, 1844)" authorityName="Van Beneden" authorityYear="1844" baseAuthorityName="Van Beneden" baseAuthorityYear="1844" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Ectopleura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dumortierii">
<emphasis id="B94F452EFFF4FFF6AAEF5C891C6DFC42" box="[1209,1372,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">E. dumortierii</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAE4CDFFF4FFF6AB385C881873FC66" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refId="ref83495" refString="Van Beneden, P. - J. (1844) Recherches sur l'embryogenie des tubulaires, et l'histoire naturelle des differents genres de cette famille qui habitent la Cote d'Ostende. Nouveaux Memoires de l'Academie Royale des Sciences et Belles-Lettres de Bruxelles, 17 (6), 1 - 72." type="journal article">Van Beneden, 1844</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, yet it possesses fewer tentacles (proximal and distal tentacles each ca. 1416) when nearly mature (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAE4CDFFF4FFF6AEC85CC0180BFB9A" box="[158,314,1016,1040]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refId="ref77144" refString="Fraser, C. M. (1944 a) Hydroids of the Atlantic coast of North America. University of Toronto Press, Toronto, 451 pp. [published no later than 19 July 1944: W. J. Dunlop (University of Toronto Press) to S. J. Cook (National Research Council, Canada), letter dated June 8, 1944, &quot; We have almost finished our work on Hydroids of the Αtlantic coast. The sheets are in the bindery and we should begin shipping before long. &quot; - C. M. Fraser to W. J. Dunlop, letter dated July 19, 1944, &quot; The six copies of ' Hydroids of the Αtlantic coast of North Αmerica' arrived safely. &quot; Both letters in University of Toronto Αrchives and Records Management Services, University of Toronto Press Fonds, B 1998 - 0025, Box 5]" type="book">Fraser 1944a</bibRefCitation>
). Of note, however,
<typeStatus id="5480279EFFF4FFF6AC7B5CC01B6CFB9A" box="[557,605,1016,1040]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">type</typeStatus>
specimens examined here were less robust than typical hydroids of
<taxonomicName id="4C3BE2BFFFF4FFF6ABD25CC11827FBBF" ID-CoL="38QWZ" baseAuthorityName="Van Beneden" baseAuthorityYear="1844" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Ectopleura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dumortierii">
<emphasis id="B94F452EFFF4FFF6ABD25CC11827FBBF" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">E. dumortierii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Chesapeake Bay (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAE4CDFFF4FFF6AC655B241BF6FBBE" box="[563,711,1052,1077]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refId="ref72323" refString="Calder, D. R. (1971) Hydroids and hydromedusae of southern Chesapeake Bay. Virginia Institute of Marine Science, Special Papers in Marine Science, 1, 1 - 125." type="journal article">Calder 1971</bibRefCitation>
). Meanwhile, stems of
<taxonomicName id="4C3BE2BFFFF4FFF6AD8A5B251D65FBBF" ID-CoL="38QX5" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1944" box="[988,1108,1052,1077]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Ectopleura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="grandis">
<emphasis id="B94F452EFFF4FFF6AD8A5B251D65FBBF" box="[988,1108,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">E. grandis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in AMNH collections were much more branched than indicated in the original description by
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAE4CDFFF4FFF6ADD75B781D18FBD2" box="[897,1065,1088,1112]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refId="ref77144" refString="Fraser, C. M. (1944 a) Hydroids of the Atlantic coast of North America. University of Toronto Press, Toronto, 451 pp. [published no later than 19 July 1944: W. J. Dunlop (University of Toronto Press) to S. J. Cook (National Research Council, Canada), letter dated June 8, 1944, &quot; We have almost finished our work on Hydroids of the Αtlantic coast. The sheets are in the bindery and we should begin shipping before long. &quot; - C. M. Fraser to W. J. Dunlop, letter dated July 19, 1944, &quot; The six copies of ' Hydroids of the Αtlantic coast of North Αmerica' arrived safely. &quot; Both letters in University of Toronto Αrchives and Records Management Services, University of Toronto Press Fonds, B 1998 - 0025, Box 5]" type="book">Fraser (1944a)</bibRefCitation>
. The species is still inadequately known, and knowledge of its life cycle is incomplete.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>