521 lines
62 KiB
XML
521 lines
62 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="C5F4AE37E61FF1E6195B260AFA4EDEC0">New species of Nearctic oak gall wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae, Cynipini)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="15E96D57CC550555DD01B3909FED6E4B">Melika, George</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4D477FB489F8C62FC88E42D7AB341DF8">Nicholls, James A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="BDEE56B09D846423B22ADB18A9E3AEEC" type="email">james.nicholls@csiro.au</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="A8236D99D18EA56BD3BDC4010CBD7069">Abrahamson, Warren G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="24B198126DBE55041787C83BC9EC7BAE" type="email">abrahmsn@bucknell.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="EBE0CFE7ED54CA5201F345B97994576A">Buss, Eileen A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D68B755D59875CB2C34CC1E30273BCC2">Stone, Graham N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="78B4191BC7D5A26F04718B23C4896CB8" type="email">gstone@staffmail.ed.ac.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="242C85E44368E9EB38413A39C9DFEB03">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="A3DA845725C0B851D7FBC40ECCA86522">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="B09AF5B0E36CAC417C75B0D2FB85D4EB">2021-12-23</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03868785FF8FFFFBFF76FE1CFBF87A6C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5821698" ID-GBIF-Taxon="191881061" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5821698" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03868785FF8FFFFBFF76FE1CFBF87A6C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03868785FF8FFFFBFF76FE1CFBF87A6C" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<subSubSection id="C3356518FF8FFFFAFF76FE1CFE7B7910" box="[151,413,511,538]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B903693FF8FFFFAFF76FE1CFE7B7910" blockId="6.[151,413,511,538]" box="[151,413,511,538]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<heading id="D0D881FFFF8FFFFAFF76FE1CFE7B7910" bold="true" box="[151,413,511,538]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFF76FE1CFE7B7910" ID-CoL="VTL" ID-ENA="75141" authority="Hartig, 1840" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1840" box="[151,413,511,538]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFF76FE1CFE7B7910" bold="true" box="[151,413,511,538]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFF76FE1CFEE77913" bold="true" box="[151,257,511,538]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Andricus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FF8FFFFAFEE9FE1CFE7B7910" author="Hartig, T." box="[264,413,511,537]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="322 - 358" refId="ref65272" refString="Hartig, T. (1840) Erster Nachtrag zur Naturgeschichte der Gallwespen. Zeitschrift fur Entomologie, Germar, 2, 322 - 358." type="journal article" year="1840">Hartig, 1840</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3356518FF8FFFFBFF76FDA4FBF87A6C" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8B903693FF8FFFFAFF76FDA4FF337E38" blockId="6.[151,1437,583,1797]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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The concepts of the gallwasp genera
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFDCDFDA4FCC57968" authority="Hartig, 1840" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1840" box="[556,803,583,609]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFDCDFDA4FD777968" box="[556,657,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Andricus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FF8FFFFAFD76FDA4FCC57968" author="Hartig, T." box="[663,803,583,609]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="322 - 358" refId="ref65272" refString="Hartig, T. (1840) Erster Nachtrag zur Naturgeschichte der Gallwespen. Zeitschrift fur Entomologie, Germar, 2, 322 - 358." type="journal article" year="1840">Hartig, 1840</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFCB7FDA4FB977968" authority="Foerster, 1869" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1869" box="[854,1137,583,610]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Callirhytis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFCB7FDA4FC2B7968" box="[854,973,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Callirhytis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FF8FFFFAFC33FDABFB977968" author="Foerster A" box="[978,1137,583,610]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="327 - 370" refId="ref65106" refString="Foerster A (1869) Ueber die Gallwespen. Verhandlungen der Zoologische-botanische Gesselschaft Wien, 19, 327 - 370." type="journal article" year="1869">Foerster, 1869</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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are still somewhat chaotic, especially for Nearctic
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFE7EFD88FDF0798C" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1869" box="[415,534,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Callirhytis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFE7EFD88FDF0798C" box="[415,534,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Callirhytis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. According to
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FF8FFFFAFD21FD88FCA0798F" author="Weld, L. H." box="[704,838,619,646]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="594 - 654" refId="ref70538" refString="Weld, L. H. (1951) Superfamily Cynipoidea. In: Muesebeck, C. F. W., Krombein, K. V. & Townes, H. K. (Eds.), Hymenoptera of America North of Mexico. Agricultural Monograph 2. United States Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C., pp. 594 - 654." type="book chapter" year="1951">Weld (1951</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FF8FFFFAFCB2FD88FC7E798F" author="Weld, L. H." box="[851,920,619,646]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref70609" refString="Weld, L. H. (1952 a) Cynipoidea (Hym.) 1905 - 1950 being a Supplement to the Dalla Torre and Kieffer monograph the Cynipidae in Das Tierreich, Leiferung 24, 1910 and bringing the systematic literature of the world up to date, including keys to families and subfamilies and list of new generic, specific and variety names. Privately printed, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 351 pp." type="book" year="1952">1952a</bibRefCitation>
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) species that have a basal lobe on their tarsal claws (toothed tarsal claw) belong to
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFDA0FD6CFD4079A0" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1840" box="[577,678,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFDA0FD6CFD4079A0" box="[577,678,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Andricus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, while species without a basal lobe on the tarsal claws (tarsal claw simple) have been placed in
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFE38FD50FDB679C4" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1869" box="[473,592,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Callirhytis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFE38FD50FDB679C4" box="[473,592,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Callirhytis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FF8FFFFAFDBFFD50FCBE79C4" author="Nieves-Aldrey, J. L." box="[606,856,691,717]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="171 - 183" refId="ref67590" refString="Nieves-Aldrey, J. L. (1992) Revision of the European species of the genus Callirhytis Forster (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae). Graellsia, 48, 171 - 183." type="journal article" year="1992">Nieves-Aldrey (1992)</bibRefCitation>
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, in his revision of the European
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFB27FD50FA7E79C4" box="[1222,1432,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Callirhytis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFB27FD50FADB79C4" box="[1222,1341,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Callirhytis</emphasis>
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species
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</taxonomicName>
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, showed that the sexual and asexual generations of different
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFCDEFD34FBF679F8" box="[831,1040,727,753]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Callirhytis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFCDEFD34FC5079F8" box="[831,950,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Callirhytis</emphasis>
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species
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</taxonomicName>
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vary in the presence or absence of toothed tarsal claws, and hence that this character cannot be used to distinguish these genera. Originally
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFAC4FD18FA7A781C" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1869" box="[1317,1436,763,789]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Callirhytis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFAC4FD18FA7A781C" box="[1317,1436,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Callirhytis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was erected for the European species by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FF8FFFFAFD8DFCC3FCFD7833" author="Foerster A" box="[620,795,799,826]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="327 - 370" refId="ref65106" refString="Foerster A (1869) Ueber die Gallwespen. Verhandlungen der Zoologische-botanische Gesselschaft Wien, 19, 327 - 370." type="journal article" year="1869">Foerster (1869)</bibRefCitation>
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and the main generic diagnostic characters he proposed were the transversely striate mesoscutum and the presence of the malar sulcus.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FF8FFFFAFBABFCA0FB047854" author="Weld, L. H." box="[1098,1250,835,861]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 32" refId="ref70384" refString="Weld, L. H. (1922 a) Notes on American Gallflies of the family Cynipidae producing galls on acorns, with descriptions of new species. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 61 (19), 1 - 32." type="journal article" year="1922">Weld (1922a</bibRefCitation>
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,b, 1926, 1952a, 1959) included many species in
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFDE4FC84FD9A7888" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1869" box="[517,636,871,897]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Callirhytis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFDE4FC84FD9A7888" box="[517,636,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Callirhytis</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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and established particular species groups, but neglected the diagnostic characters of
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFECDFC68FE4578AC" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1869" box="[300,419,907,933]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Callirhytis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFECDFC68FE4578AC" box="[300,419,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Callirhytis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
given by
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FF8FFFFAFDEEFC6FFD5978AF" author="Foerster A" box="[527,703,907,934]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="327 - 370" refId="ref65106" refString="Foerster A (1869) Ueber die Gallwespen. Verhandlungen der Zoologische-botanische Gesselschaft Wien, 19, 327 - 370." type="journal article" year="1869">Foerster (1869)</bibRefCitation>
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. As a result, the Nearctic
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFC36FC68FBA878AC" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1869" box="[983,1102,907,933]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Callirhytis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFC36FC68FBA878AC" box="[983,1102,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Callirhytis</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
became a polyphyletic group, as has been demonstrated with multiple datasets (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FF8FFFFAFD5CFC4CFC8E78C0" author="Nylander, J. A. A." box="[701,872,943,969]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref67777" refString="Nylander, J. A. A. (2004) Bayesian Phylogenetics and the evolution of gall wasps. Ph. D. Thesis, Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, Uppsala. 43 pp." type="book" year="2004">Nylander 2004</bibRefCitation>
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,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FF8FFFFAFC92FC4CFBBE78C0" author="Liljeblad, J. & Ronquist, F. & Nieves-Aldrey, J. L. & Fontal-Cazalla, F. & Ros-Farre, P. & Gaitros, D. & Pujade-Villar, J." box="[883,1112,943,969]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 73" refId="ref65715" refString="Liljeblad, J., Ronquist, F., Nieves-Aldrey, J. L., Fontal-Cazalla, F., Ros-Farre, P., Gaitros, D. & Pujade-Villar, J. (2008) A fully web-illustrated morphological phylogenetic study of relationships among oak gall wasps and their closest relatives (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae). Zootaxa, 1796, 1 - 73." type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||
Liljeblad
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFC3EFC53FBF078C0" box="[991,1046,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2008
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FF8FFFFAFB83FC4CFAAF78C3" author="Ronquist, F. & Nieves-Aldrey, J. - L. & Buffington, M. L. & Liu, Z. & Liljeblad, J. & Nylander, J. A. A." box="[1122,1353,943,970]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="0123301" refId="ref69556" refString="Ronquist, F., Nieves-Aldrey, J. - L., Buffington, M. L., Liu, Z., Liljeblad, J. & Nylander, J. A. A. (2015) Phylogeny, Evolution and Classification of Gall Wasps: The Plot Thickens. PLOS One, 10, e 0123301. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0123301" type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||
Ronquist
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFB2FFC53FB1978C0" box="[1230,1279,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Many North American species assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFDD4FC30FD4A78E4" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1869" box="[565,684,979,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Callirhytis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFDD4FC30FD4A78E4" box="[565,684,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Callirhytis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FF8FFFFAFD5DFC30FCDD78E7" author="Weld, L. H." box="[700,827,979,1006]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="594 - 654" refId="ref70538" refString="Weld, L. H. (1951) Superfamily Cynipoidea. In: Muesebeck, C. F. W., Krombein, K. V. & Townes, H. K. (Eds.), Hymenoptera of America North of Mexico. Agricultural Monograph 2. United States Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C., pp. 594 - 654." type="book chapter" year="1951">Weld 1951</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FF8FFFFAFCA9FC30FC6978E7" author="Weld, L. H." box="[840,911,979,1006]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref70609" refString="Weld, L. H. (1952 a) Cynipoidea (Hym.) 1905 - 1950 being a Supplement to the Dalla Torre and Kieffer monograph the Cynipidae in Das Tierreich, Leiferung 24, 1910 and bringing the systematic literature of the world up to date, including keys to families and subfamilies and list of new generic, specific and variety names. Privately printed, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 351 pp." type="book" year="1952">1952a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FF8FFFFAFC7DFC30FBC678E4" author="Burks, B. D." box="[924,1056,979,1005]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref64064" refString="Burks, B. D. (1979) Superfamily Cynipoidea. In: Krombein, K. V., Hurd, P. D. Jr., Smith, D. R. & Burks, B. D. (Eds.), Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico. Vol. 1. Symphyta and Apocrita. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C., pp. 1045 - 1107." type="book" year="1979">Burks 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) have already been transferred to the newly established genera
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFE05FC14FDA97F18" authorityName="Pujade-Villar & Melika" authorityYear="2012" box="[484,591,1015,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Zapatella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFE05FC14FDA97F18" box="[484,591,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Zapatella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFDBEFC14FD397F18" authorityName="Pujade-Villar" authorityYear="2014" box="[607,735,1015,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Melikaiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFDBEFC14FD397F18" box="[607,735,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Melikaiella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFCF7FC14FC437F18" authorityName="Pujade-Villar & Melika" authorityYear="2013" box="[790,933,1015,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Kokkocynips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFCF7FC14FC437F18" box="[790,933,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Kokkocynips</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FF8FFFFAFC54FC14FB397F18" author="Nieves-Aldrey, J. L. & Nicholls, J. A. & Tang, C. - T. & Melika, G. & Stone, G. N. & Pujade-Villar, J. & Buffington, M. & Maldonado, Y. & Medianero, E." box="[949,1247,1015,1042]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="205 - 232" refId="ref67623" refString="Nieves-Aldrey, J. L., Nicholls, J. A., Tang, C. - T., Melika, G., Stone, G. N., Pujade-Villar, J., Buffington, M., Maldonado, Y. & Medianero, E. (2021) Re-description and systematic re-appraisal of the genus Kokkocynips Pujade-Villar & Melika, (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini), including new combinations of Nearctic species and the description of a new species from Panama. Zootaxa, 4938 (2), 205 - 232. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4938.2.3" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
Nieves-Aldrey
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFB82FC1BFB737F18" box="[1123,1173,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2021
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FF8FFFFAFB0AFC14FEE77F3C" author="Pujade-Villar, J. & Hanson, P. & Medina, C. A. & Torres, M. & Melika, G." pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="75 - 104" refId="ref68899" refString="Pujade-Villar, J., Hanson, P., Medina, C. A., Torres, M. & Melika, G. (2012 a) A new genus of oak gallwasps, Zapatella Pujade- Villar & Melika, gen. n., with a description of two new species from the Neotropics (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Cynipini). ZooKeys, 210, 75 - 104. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 210.3014." type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Pujade-Villar
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFA69FC1BFF4B7F3C" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2012a
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FF8FFFFAFEEDFBF8FEB07F3C" author="Pujade-Villar, J. & Cibrian-Tovar, D. & Cibrian-Llanderal, V. D. & Equihua-Martinez, A. & Estrada-Venegas, E. G. & Serrano-Munoz, M. & Lomeli-Flores, J. R." box="[268,342,1051,1077]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 29" refId="ref68419" refString="Pujade-Villar, J., Cibrian-Tovar, D., Cibrian-Llanderal, V. D., Equihua-Martinez, A., Estrada-Venegas, E. G., Serrano-Munoz, M. & Lomeli-Flores, J. R. (2014 a) A new genus of oak gallwasp, Melikaiella Pujade-Villar Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini), from the Nearctic region. Dugesiana, 21 (1), 1 - 29." type="journal article" year="2014">2014a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The tarsal claw character is equally confusing in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFC64FBF8FC0C7F3C" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1840" box="[901,1002,1051,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFC64FBF8FC0C7F3C" box="[901,1002,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Andricus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFBB7FBF8FAF07F3C" box="[1110,1302,1051,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFBB7FBF8FB5D7F3C" box="[1110,1211,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Andricus</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the male of the sexual generation has tarsal claws without a basal lobe, while in the females the basal lobe on the tarsal claws is present, for example, in the Western Palaearctic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFD5BFB80FBA57F77" authority="(Linnaeus, 1761)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1761" box="[698,1091,1123,1150]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercusramuli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFD5BFB80FC9D7F74" box="[698,891,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A. quercusramuli</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FF8FFFFAFC6AFB80FBDD7F77" author="Linnaeus, C." box="[907,1083,1123,1150]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref65828" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1761) Fauna Suecica sistens Animalia Sueciae Regni: Mammalia, Aves, Amphibia, Pisces, Insecta, Vermes. Editio Altera, Auctior Stockholmiae, 578 pp." type="book" year="1761">Linnaeus, 1761</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the Eastern Palaearctic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFA65FB80FD367FAB" authority="(Kieffer, 1906) (Pujade-Villar et al. 2020 b)" authorityName="Pujade-Villar et al." authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Kieffer" baseAuthorityYear="1906" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mairei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFA65FB80FF397FA8" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A. mairei</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FF8FFFFAFF0FFB64FE617FAB" author="Kieffer, J. J." box="[238,391,1159,1186]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="101 - 110" refId="ref65453" refString="Kieffer, J. J. (1906) Description d'un genre nouveau et de neuf especes nouvelles. Marcellia, 5, 101 - 110." type="journal article" year="1906">Kieffer, 1906</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FF8FFFFAFE7FFB64FD2E7FAB" author="Pujade-Villar, J. & Wang, Y. & Guo, R. & Cuesta-Porta, V. & Arnedo, M. A. & Melika, G." box="[414,712,1159,1186]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="507 - 525" refId="ref69393" refString="Pujade-Villar, J., Wang, Y., Guo, R., Cuesta-Porta, V., Arnedo, M. A. & Melika, G. (2020 b) Current status of Andricus mairei (Kieffer), with synonymization of two species from China (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae). Zootaxa, 4808 (3), 507 - 525. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4808.3.6" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||
Pujade-Villar
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFDDCFB6BFD897FA8" box="[573,623,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2020b
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Therefore, in our interpretation of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFB81FB64FB237FA8" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1840" box="[1120,1221,1159,1185]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFB81FB64FB237FA8" box="[1120,1221,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Andricus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFB1CFB64FA927FA8" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1869" box="[1277,1396,1159,1185]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Callirhytis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFB1CFB64FA927FA8" box="[1277,1396,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Callirhytis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
we have used other characters and ignored the presence/absence of the basal lobe on the tarsal claws. As a result, all of the relevant new species described herein have been placed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFCBAFB2CFC267FE0" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1840" box="[859,960,1231,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFCBAFB2CFC267FE0" box="[859,960,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Andricus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, regardless of this character. We also note that the presence/absence of a basal lobe on the tarsal claws remains a stable and important character at the species level.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B903693FF8FFFFAFF26FAD8FF537C0C" blockId="6.[151,1437,583,1797]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FF8FFFFAFF26FAD8FE867E5C" author="Burks, B. D." box="[199,352,1339,1365]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref64064" refString="Burks, B. D. (1979) Superfamily Cynipoidea. In: Krombein, K. V., Hurd, P. D. Jr., Smith, D. R. & Burks, B. D. (Eds.), Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico. Vol. 1. Symphyta and Apocrita. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C., pp. 1045 - 1107." type="book" year="1979">Burks (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, in accordance with
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FF8FFFFAFDAFFAD8FD097E5F" author="Weld, L. H." box="[590,751,1339,1366]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="594 - 654" refId="ref70538" refString="Weld, L. H. (1951) Superfamily Cynipoidea. In: Muesebeck, C. F. W., Krombein, K. V. & Townes, H. K. (Eds.), Hymenoptera of America North of Mexico. Agricultural Monograph 2. United States Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C., pp. 594 - 654." type="book chapter" year="1951">Weld’s (1951)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
concept of the presence (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFBF8FAD8FB987E5C" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1840" box="[1049,1150,1339,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFBF8FAD8FB987E5C" box="[1049,1150,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Andricus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) or absence (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFAFDFAD8FA757E5C" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1869" box="[1308,1427,1339,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Callirhytis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFAFDFAD8FA757E5C" box="[1308,1427,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Callirhytis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) of a basal lobe on tarsal claws, assigned 88 species to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFCE2FABCFC8E7E70" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1840" box="[771,872,1375,1401]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFCE2FABCFC8E7E70" box="[771,872,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Andricus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FF8FFFFAFC96FABCFB4B7E70" author="Dailey, D. C. & Sprenger, C. M." box="[887,1197,1375,1401]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="188 - 191" refId="ref64606" refString="Dailey, D. C. & Sprenger, C. M. (1973 a) Synonyny of Andricus gigas and the bisexual generation of Andricus crenatus (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae). The Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 49, 188 - 191." type="journal article" year="1973">Dailey & Sprenger (1973a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
returned one species into
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFF2BFA60FEC97E94" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1840" box="[202,303,1411,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFF2BFA60FEC97E94" box="[202,303,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Andricus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, where it had originally been described but subsequently moved from.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FF8FFFFAFBABFA60FA7A7E94" author="Melika, G. & Abrahamson, W. G." box="[1098,1436,1411,1437]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="150 - 190" refId="ref66509" refString="Melika, G. & Abrahamson, W. G. (2002) Review of the World Genera of Oak Cynipid Wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini). In: Melika, G. & Thuroczy, C. (Eds.), Parasitic Wasps: Evolution, Systematics, Biodiversity and Biological Control. Agroinform, Budapest, pp. 150 - 190." type="book chapter" year="2002">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFBABFA60FB7F7E94" authority="Melika & Nicholls & Abrahamson & Buss & Stone, 2021" authorityName="Melika & Nicholls & Abrahamson & Buss & Stone" authorityYear="2021" box="[1098,1177,1411,1437]" genus="Melika" pageId="6" pageNumber="130" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">Melika</taxonomicName>
|
||
& Abrahamson (2002)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
moved multiple species in and out of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFDD1FA44FD737EC8" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1840" box="[560,661,1447,1473]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFDD1FA44FD737EC8" box="[560,661,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Andricus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and also noted several other previously published taxonomic changes involving
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFEEBFA28FE367EEC" box="[266,464,1483,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFEEBFA28FE897EEC" box="[266,367,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Andricus</emphasis>
|
||
species.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Since then,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FF8FFFFAFDBDFA28FC757EEF" author="Pujade-Villar, J. & Perez-Garcia, A. G. & Equihua-Martinez, A. & Estrada-Venegas, E. G. & Cibrian-Tovar, D. & Barrera-Ruiz, U. M. & Ferrer-Suay, M." box="[604,915,1483,1510]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="183 - 208" refId="ref69183" refString="Pujade-Villar, J., Perez-Garcia, A. G., Equihua-Martinez, A., Estrada-Venegas, E. G., Cibrian-Tovar, D., Barrera-Ruiz, U. M. & Ferrer-Suay, M. (2013 b) Review of Andricus species (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae) producing woody tuberous oak galls in Mexico and bordering areas of United States of America. Dugesiana, 20 (2), 183 - 208." type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Pujade-Villar
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFD18FA2FFCCD7EEC" box="[761,811,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2013b)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described one species from the south-western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3387603FF8FFFFAFF76FA0CFF347D00" box="[151,210,1519,1545]" name="United States of America" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FF8FFFFAFF00FA0CFDF97D03" author="Pujade-Villar J. & Lobato-Vila, I. & Ferrer-Suay, M." box="[225,543,1519,1546]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="752 - 758" refId="ref69093" refString="Pujade-Villar J., Lobato-Vila, I. & Ferrer-Suay, M. (2017 b) Restablecimiento del genero Dros Kinsey (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini) como genero valido para especies americanas. Entomologia Mexicana, 4, 752 - 758." type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
Pujade-Villar
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFE61FA13FE537D00" box="[384,437,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2017b)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
moved two species into the re-established
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFBF9FA13FBA97D00" authorityName="Kinsey" authorityYear="1937" box="[1048,1103,1520,1545]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Dros" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFBF9FA13FBA97D00" box="[1048,1103,1520,1545]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Dros</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FF8FFFFAFB72FA0CFA957D00" author="Zimmerman, J. R." box="[1171,1395,1519,1545]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="58 - 70" refId="ref70970" refString="Zimmerman, J. R. (2018) A synopsis of oak gall wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) of the southwestern United States with a key and comments on each of the genera. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 91, 58 - 70. https: // doi. org / 10.2317 / 0022 - 8567 - 91.1.58" type="journal article" year="2018">Zimmerman (2018)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reestablished
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFEFAF9F0FE7A7D24" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1897" box="[283,412,1555,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Trichoteras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFEFAF9F0FE7A7D24" box="[283,412,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Trichoteras</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for a set of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFDC7F9F0FD057D24" box="[550,739,1555,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFDC7F9F0FD6D7D24" box="[550,651,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Andricus</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
galling
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFCA1F9F7FC787D27" box="[832,926,1556,1582]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFCA1F9F7FC787D27" box="[832,926,1556,1582]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Quercus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
section
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFC1CF9F0FB727D24" box="[1021,1172,1555,1581]" class="Malacostraca" genus="Protobalanus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFC1CF9F0FB727D24" box="[1021,1172,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Protobalanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
oaks. A new species of
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFF76F9D4FEE57D58" box="[151,259,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFF76F9D4FF197D58" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1840" box="[151,255,1591,1617]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Andricus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFEE8F9D4FCD87D58" authority="Melika, Nicholls & Stone, 2018" authorityName="Melika, Nicholls & Stone" authorityYear="2018" box="[265,830,1591,1617]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="notholithocarpi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFEE8F9D4FE337D58" box="[265,469,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A. notholithocarpi</emphasis>
|
||
Melika,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FF8FFFFAFDD6F9D4FCD87D58" author="Nicholls, J. A. & Stone, G. N. & Melika, G." box="[567,830,1591,1617]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="141 - 152" refId="ref67522" refString="Nicholls, J. A., Stone, G. N. & Melika, G. (2018 c) A new genus of oak gallwasp, Protobalandricus Melika, Nicholls & Stone (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini) from California. Zootaxa, 4472 (1), 141 - 152. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4472.1.7" type="journal article" year="2018">Nicholls & Stone, 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, was described from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EBF871FF8FFFFAFBC7F9D4FB7E7D58" box="[1062,1176,1591,1617]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FF8FFFFAFB44F9D4FA767D58" author="Nicholls, J. A. & Melika, G. & DeMartini, J. D. & Stone, G. N." box="[1189,1424,1591,1618]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="17 - 24" refId="ref67247" refString="Nicholls, J. A., Melika, G., DeMartini, J. D. & Stone, G. N. (2018 a) A new species of Andricus Hartig gallwasps from California (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini) galling Notholithocarpus (Fagaceae). Integrative Systematics: Stuttgart Contributions to Natural History, 1, 17 - 24. https: // doi. org / 10.18476 / insy. v 01. a 3" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Nicholls
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFAEAF9DBFADD7D58" box="[1291,1339,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2018a
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), joining the species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFE93F9B8FD267D7F" authority="Weld, 1957" authorityName="Weld" authorityYear="1957" box="[370,704,1627,1654]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mendocinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFE93F9B8FDD17D7C" box="[370,567,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A. mendocinensis</emphasis>
|
||
Weld, 1957
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as the only
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFCADF9B8FBED7D7C" box="[844,1035,1627,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFCADF9B8FC577D7C" box="[844,945,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Andricus</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
not galling a
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFB48F9BFFAE17D7F" box="[1193,1287,1628,1654]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFB48F9BFFAE17D7F" box="[1193,1287,1628,1654]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Quercus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
host, instead attacking the close relative
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFE29F99CFD6A7D90" box="[456,652,1663,1689]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Notholithocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFE29F99CFD6A7D90" box="[456,652,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Notholithocarpus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(previously known as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFC6BF99CFB727D90" box="[906,1172,1663,1689]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Lithocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="densiflorus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFC6BF99CFB727D90" box="[906,1172,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Lithocarpus densiflorus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Most recently
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFAACF99CFA7A7D90" authority="Melika & Nicholls & Abrahamson & Buss & Stone, 2021" authorityName="Melika & Nicholls & Abrahamson & Buss & Stone" authorityYear="2021" box="[1357,1436,1663,1689]" genus="Melika" pageId="6" pageNumber="130" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">Melika</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFF76F947FF2E7DB4" box="[151,200,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2021) moved one
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFE4BF940FD817DB4" box="[426,615,1699,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFE4BF940FDE97DB4" box="[426,527,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Andricus</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
into the new genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFCA6F940FC127DB4" authorityName="Melika, Pujade-Villar & Nicholls" authorityYear="2021" box="[839,1012,1699,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Disholandricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFCA6F940FC127DB4" box="[839,1012,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Disholandricus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Hence currently 91
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFB3EF940FA7A7DB4" box="[1247,1436,1699,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFB3EF940FAA27DB4" box="[1247,1348,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Andricus</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are known from America north of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3387603FF8FFFFAFDF6F924FD897DE8" box="[535,623,1735,1761]" name="Mexico" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
, associated with five different oak sections or genera of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFB07F92BFAA87DEB" authorityName="Dumortier" authorityYear="1829" box="[1254,1358,1736,1762]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fagaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6AD0328FF8FFFFAFABCF924FF427C0C" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,239,1845,1869]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 1. Nearctic Andricus species galling different oak sections or genera with Fagaceae." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF50661BFF8FFFFAFF76F8D6FB927C44" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" tableUuid="DF50661BFF8FFFFAFF76F8D6FB927C44">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF50661BFF8FFFFAFF76F8D6FB927C44" ID-Table-UUID="DF50661BFF8FFFFAFF76F8D6FB927C44" box="[151,1140,1845,1869]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF50661BFF8FFFFAFF76F8D6FB927C44" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" startId="6.[151,239,1845,1869]" targetBox="[187,1413,1885,1990]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B903693FF8FFFFAFF76F8D6FB927C44" blockId="6.[151,1140,1845,1869]" box="[151,1140,1845,1869]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFF76F8D6FEEC7C44" bold="true" box="[151,266,1845,1869]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Nearctic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFE93F8D6FDC07C44" box="[370,550,1845,1869]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFE93F8D6FE347C44" box="[370,466,1845,1869]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Andricus</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
galling different oak sections or genera with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFBEBF8D6FB977C44" authorityName="Dumortier" authorityYear="1829" box="[1034,1137,1845,1869]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fagaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B903693FF8FFFFAFEB9F8BEFAA27CCF" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<table id="F92FC433FF8F0003FF5AF8BEFA637CCF" box="[187,1413,1885,1990]" gridcols="6" gridrows="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<tr id="351F34D1FF8F0003FF5AF8BEFA637C7F" box="[187,1413,1885,1910]" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th id="76CE5DADFF8F0003FEB7F8BEFCFC7C7F" box="[342,794,1885,1910]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Sections in the genus
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFDD4F8BDFD6C7C7C" box="[565,650,1886,1909]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Quercus</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76CE5DADFF8F0003FC41F8BEFB6F7C7F" box="[928,1161,1885,1910]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFC01F8BDFBD87C7F" authorityName="Dumortier" authorityYear="1829" box="[992,1086,1886,1910]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fagaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
genera
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="351F34D1FF8F0003FF5AF866FA637C97" box="[187,1413,1925,1950]" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<th id="76CE5DADFF8F0003FF5AF866FEE97C97" box="[187,271,1925,1950]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Quercus</th>
|
||
<td id="76CE5DADFF8F0003FEB7F866FE4C7C97" box="[342,426,1925,1950]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Virentes</td>
|
||
<td id="76CE5DADFF8F0003FE11F866FDA47C97" box="[496,578,1925,1950]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFE11F866FDA47C94" authorityName="Loudon" authorityYear="1830" box="[496,578,1925,1949]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Lobatae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Lobatae</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76CE5DADFF8F0003FD77F866FCFC7C97" box="[662,794,1925,1950]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFD77F866FCFC7C94" box="[662,794,1925,1949]" class="Malacostraca" genus="Protobalanus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Protobalanus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76CE5DADFF8F0003FC41F866FB6F7C97" box="[928,1161,1925,1950]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8FFFFAFC5AF866FB8A7C94" box="[955,1132,1925,1949]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Notholithocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8FFFFAFC5AF866FB8A7C94" box="[955,1132,1925,1949]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Notholithocarpus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76CE5DADFF8F0003FB17F866FA637C97" box="[1270,1413,1925,1950]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">host unknown</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="351F34D1FF8F0003FF5AF84DFA637CCF" box="[187,1413,1966,1990]" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<th id="76CE5DADFF8F0003FF5AF84DFEE97CCF" box="[187,271,1966,1990]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">80</th>
|
||
<td id="76CE5DADFF8F0003FEB7F84DFE4C7CCF" box="[342,426,1966,1990]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">2</td>
|
||
<td id="76CE5DADFF8F0003FE11F84DFDA47CCF" box="[496,578,1966,1990]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">3</td>
|
||
<td id="76CE5DADFF8F0003FD77F84DFCFC7CCF" box="[662,794,1966,1990]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1</td>
|
||
<td id="76CE5DADFF8F0003FC41F84DFB6F7CCF" box="[928,1161,1966,1990]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">2</td>
|
||
<td id="76CE5DADFF8F0003FB17F84DFA637CCF" box="[1270,1413,1966,1990]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B903693FF8EFFFBFF26FF74FCE97A14" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,357]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
Only two
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8EFFFBFED6FF74FE117BB8" box="[311,503,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8EFFFBFED6FF74FE7A7BB8" box="[311,412,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Andricus</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8EFFFBFDE3FF74FC707BB8" authority="(Ashmead, 1881)" baseAuthorityName="Ashmead" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[514,918,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercusfoliatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8EFFFBFDE3FF74FD2B7BB8" box="[514,717,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A. quercusfoliatus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FF8EFFFBFD3DFF74FC687BB8" author="Ashmead, W. H." box="[732,910,151,177]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="ix - xxviii" refId="ref63376" refString="Ashmead, W. H. (1881) On the cynipidous galls of Florida. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 9, ix - xxviii." type="journal article" year="1881">Ashmead, 1881</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8EFFFBFC2CFF74FA887BB8" authority="(Ashmead, 1881)" baseAuthorityName="Ashmead" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[973,1390,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercuslanigera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8EFFFBFC2CFF74FC387BB8" box="[973,990,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8EFFFBFC0DFF74FB457BB8" box="[1004,1187,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">quercuslanigera</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FF8EFFFBFB50FF74FA807BB8" author="Ashmead, W. H." box="[1201,1382,151,177]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="ix - xxviii" refId="ref63376" refString="Ashmead, W. H. (1881) On the cynipidous galls of Florida. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 9, ix - xxviii." type="journal article" year="1881">Ashmead, 1881</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, are known to associate with the oak section
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8EFFFBFDB9FF58FD547BDD" box="[600,690,187,212]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Virentes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8EFFFBFDB9FF58FD547BDD" box="[600,690,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Virentes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Only one
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8EFFFBFCCCFF58FC0B7BDC" box="[813,1005,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8EFFFBFCCCFF58FC747BDC" box="[813,914,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Andricus</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8EFFFBFC16FF58FAE37BDC" authority="Weld, 1952" authorityName="Weld" authorityYear="1952" box="[1015,1285,186,213]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="projectus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8EFFFBFC16FF58FB9A7BDD" box="[1015,1148,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A. projectus</emphasis>
|
||
Weld, 1952
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, is associated with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8EFFFBFF33FF3CFE8F7BF0" box="[210,361,223,249]" class="Malacostraca" genus="Protobalanus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8EFFFBFF33FF3CFE8F7BF0" box="[210,361,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Protobalanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
oaks, while the species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8EFFFBFD62FF3CFC4E7BF0" authority="Weld, 1944" authorityName="Weld" authorityYear="1944" box="[643,936,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8EFFFBFD62FF3CFCFC7BF0" box="[643,794,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A. formosalis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FF8EFFFBFCC2FF3CFC4E7BF0" author="Weld, L. H." box="[803,936,223,249]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="1 - 24" refId="ref70508" refString="Weld, L. H. (1944) New American cynipid wasps from galls. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 95, 1 - 24." type="journal article" year="1944">Weld, 1944</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8EFFFBFC54FF3CFAAC7BF3" authority="(Bassett, 1864)" baseAuthorityName="Bassett" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[949,1354,223,250]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercusformosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8EFFFBFC54FF3CFB727BF0" box="[949,1172,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A. quercusformosus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FF8EFFFBFB47FF3CFAA77BF3" author="Bassett, H. F." box="[1190,1345,223,250]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="679 - 691" refId="ref63697" refString="Bassett, H. F. (1864) Descriptions of several new species of Cynips and a new species of Diastrophus. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Philadelphia, 3, 679 - 691." type="journal article" year="1864">Bassett, 1864</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8EFFFBFA65FF3CFE057A14" authority="(Ashmead, 1887)" baseAuthorityName="Ashmead" baseAuthorityYear="1887" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longipennis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8EFFFBFA65FF3CFEFC7A14" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A. longipennis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FF8EFFFBFEC9FEE0FE3D7A14" author="Ashmead, W. H." box="[296,475,259,285]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="125 - 149" refId="ref63439" refString="Ashmead, W. H. (1887) On the cynipidous galls of Florida, with descriptions of new species and synopses of the described species of North America. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 14, 125 - 149." type="journal article" year="1887">Ashmead, 1887</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gall section
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8EFFFBFD93FEE0FD287A14" authorityName="Loudon" authorityYear="1830" box="[626,718,259,285]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Lobatae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8EFFFBFD93FEE0FD287A14" box="[626,718,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Lobatae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
oaks.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B903693FF8EFFFBFF26FEC4FBF87A6C" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,357]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
Herein we describe 16 new species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8EFFFBFD6CFEC4FD147A48" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1840" box="[653,754,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8EFFFBFD6CFEC4FD147A48" box="[653,754,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Andricus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of which five species are associated with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8EFFFBFB04FEC4FAA57A48" box="[1253,1347,295,321]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8EFFFBFB04FEC4FAA57A48" box="[1253,1347,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Quercus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
section
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8EFFFBFF76FEA8FF157A6C" authorityName="Loudon" authorityYear="1830" box="[151,243,331,357]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Lobatae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8EFFFBFF76FEA8FF157A6C" box="[151,243,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Lobatae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 10 species with section
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8EFFFBFDEAFEA8FD8F7A6C" box="[523,617,331,357]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8EFFFBFDEAFEA8FD8F7A6C" box="[523,617,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Quercus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and one species with section
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FF8EFFFBFC5CFEA8FBF17A6D" box="[957,1047,331,356]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Virentes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FF8EFFFBFC5CFEA8FBF17A6D" box="[957,1047,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Virentes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |