164 lines
18 KiB
XML
164 lines
18 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="F2572DC64AD1AE125A815EEDFAC79660">An annotated checklist of the macrodasyidan Gastrotricha from India</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="79589DE9D74E35DB170385880E2F70F6">Chatterjee, Tapas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="616C66177D2843605E978231AC35A015">Priyalakshmi, Geetha</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E6AF32FB501AA28225AF3E7FE1DB396F">Todaro, M. Antonio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="D993D66342E71AB9A4053883B3C9AA76">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<treatment id="038087C7FFACFF85BAC750B963A7135D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5943773" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154530289" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5943773" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038087C7FFACFF85BAC750B963A7135D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038087C7FFACFF85BAC750B963A7135D" lastPageNumber="498" pageId="3" pageNumber="498">
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<subSubSection id="C333655AFFACFF85BAC750B9650E118D" pageId="3" pageNumber="498" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9636D1FFACFF85BAC750B96256113D" blockId="3.[151,595,1008,1034]" box="[151,595,1008,1034]" pageId="3" pageNumber="498">
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<heading id="D0DE81BDFFACFF85BAC750B96256113D" bold="true" box="[151,595,1008,1034]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="498" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C294D52FFACFF85BAC750B96256113D" ID-CoL="3X4S3" authority="Remane, 1927" authorityName="Remane" authorityYear="1927" box="[151,595,1008,1034]" family="Macrodasyidae" genus="Macrodasys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="3" pageNumber="498" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="caudatus">
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<emphasis id="B95DEAC3FFACFF85BAC750B96256113D" bold="true" box="[151,595,1008,1034]" pageId="3" pageNumber="498">
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<emphasis id="B95DEAC3FFACFF85BAC750B96199113D" bold="true" box="[151,412,1008,1034]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="498">Macrodasys caudatus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B20FFACFF85BBF350B96256113D" author="Remane, A." box="[419,595,1008,1034]" pageId="3" pageNumber="498" pagination="1 - 156" refId="ref10125" refString="Remane, A. (1927) Gastrotricha. In: Grimpe, G & Wagler, E. (Eds.), Die Tierwelt der Nord- und Ostsee, Part VIId. Leipzig. Akademische Ferlagsgesellschaft, 1927, 1 - 156." type="journal article" year="1927">Remane, 1927</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9636D1FFACFF85BAC7577C650E118D" blockId="3.[151,1437,1077,1642]" pageId="3" pageNumber="498">
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<emphasis id="B95DEAC3FFACFF85BAC7577C618B1179" bold="true" box="[151,398,1077,1102]" pageId="3" pageNumber="498">
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Records from
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<collectingCountry id="F33E7641FFACFF85BB17577C618C1179" box="[327,393,1077,1102]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="498">India</collectingCountry>
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.
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</emphasis>
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<collectingRegion id="49EDF833FFACFF85BBC8577F629B1179" box="[408,670,1078,1102]" country="India" name="Andhra Pradesh" pageId="3" pageNumber="498">ANDHRA PRADESH</collectingRegion>
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: Visakhapatnam (Waltair), Bimlipatnam—Ganapati &
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B20FFACFF85BF43577F65921179" author="Ganapati, P. N. & Rao, G. C." box="[1299,1431,1077,1102]" pageId="3" pageNumber="498" pagination="214 - 225" refId="ref8338" refString="Ganapati, P. N. & Rao, G. C. (1967) On some marine interstitial gastrotrichs from the beach sands of Waltair coast. Proceeding of Indian Academy of Sciences, 66 B, 214 - 225." type="journal article" year="1967">Rao (1967)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B20FFACFF85BAC7571361AB1145" author="Sarma, N. S. R. & Mohan, P. C." box="[151,430,1113,1138]" pageId="3" pageNumber="498" pagination="257 - 263" refId="ref10440" refString="Sarma, N. S. R. & Mohan, P. C. (1981) On the ecology of the interstitial fauna inhabiting the Bhimlipatnam coast (Bay of Bengal). Mahasagar-Bulletin of the National Institute of Oceangraphy, 14, 257 - 263." type="journal article" year="1981">Sarma & Mohan (1981)</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<collectingRegion id="49EDF833FFACFF85BBEC571362231145" box="[444,550,1114,1138]" country="India" name="Odisha" pageId="3" pageNumber="498">ODISHA</collectingRegion>
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(
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<collectingRegion id="49EDF833FFACFF85B868571062831145" box="[568,646,1113,1138]" country="India" name="Odisha" pageId="3" pageNumber="498">Orissa</collectingRegion>
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): Konarak—Rao (1969);
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<collectingRegion id="49EDF833FFACFF85B9FB571364241145" box="[939,1057,1114,1138]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="3" pageNumber="498">KERALA</collectingRegion>
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||
: Azkikode, Fort Kochi (Cochin), Karunagapally, Neendakara, Ashtamudi—Govindankutty &
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B20FFACFF85B919573463D411A1" author="Govindankutty, A. G. & Nair, N. B." box="[841,977,1149,1174]" pageId="3" pageNumber="498" pagination="623 - 640" refId="ref8433" refString="Govindankutty, A. G. & Nair, N. B. (1969) The marine Gastrotricha from the interstitial fauna of the south west coast of India. Bulletin of National Institute of Sciences of India, 38, 623 - 640." type="journal article" year="1969">Nair (1969)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B20FFACFF85B9B05734653C11A1" author="Govindankutty, A. G. & Nair, N. B." box="[992,1337,1149,1174]" pageId="3" pageNumber="498" pagination="1 - 5" refId="ref8479" refString="Govindankutty, A. G. & Nair, N. B. (1972) Observations on the breeding periods of certain interstitial nematodes, gastrotrichs and copepods of the south west coast of India. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India, 14, 1 - 5." type="journal article" year="1972">Nair & Govindankutty (1972)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B20FFACFF85BF1857346119118D" author="Aziz, P. K. A. & Nair, N. B." pageId="3" pageNumber="498" pagination="55 - 65" refId="ref8067" refString="Aziz, P. K. A. & Nair, N. B. (1983) Meiofauna of the Edavana-NadayaraParavur backwater system southwest coast of India. Mahasagar-Bulletin of the National Institute of Oceanography, 16 (1), 55 - 65." type="journal article" year="1983">Aziz & Nair (1983)</bibRefCitation>
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, Nair
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<emphasis id="B95DEAC3FFACFF85BB3157EB6197118D" box="[353,402,1185,1210]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="498">et al</emphasis>
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. (1984); GENERAL RECORD:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B20FFACFF85B95357EB6381118D" author="Rao, G. C." box="[771,900,1186,1210]" pageId="3" pageNumber="498" pagination="164 - 178" refId="ref9519" refString="Rao, G. C. (1972) On the geographical distribution of interstitial fauna of marine beach sand. Proceedings of the Indian National Science Academy, 38 B, 164 - 178." type="journal article" year="1972">Rao (1972)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B20FFACFF85B9C057E8647F118D" author="Naidu, K. V. & Rao, G. C." box="[912,1146,1185,1210]" pageId="3" pageNumber="498" pagination="169" refId="ref9261" refString="Naidu, K. V. & Rao, G. C. (2004) Gastrotricha. In: Fauna of India and the adjacent countries. Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, pp. 169." type="book chapter" year="2004">Naidu & Rao (2004)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B20FFACFF85BED557EB6502118D" author="Rao, D. V. S." box="[1157,1287,1185,1210]" pageId="3" pageNumber="498" pagination="117 - 146" refId="ref9400" refString="Rao, D. V. S. (2005) Comprehensive review of the records of the biota of the Indian sea and introduction of non-indigenous species. Aquatic conservation: Marine and Freshwater ecosystems, 15, 117 - 146. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / aqc. 659" type="journal article" year="2005">Rao (2005)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C333655AFFACFF85BA97578C653E11E9" box="[199,1339,1221,1246]" pageId="3" pageNumber="498" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9636D1FFACFF85BA97578C653E11E9" blockId="3.[151,1437,1077,1642]" box="[199,1339,1221,1246]" pageId="3" pageNumber="498">
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<emphasis id="B95DEAC3FFACFF85BA97578C612F11E9" bold="true" box="[199,298,1221,1246]" pageId="3" pageNumber="498">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Marine, intertidal; coarse sand,
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<quantity id="4CD19B34FFACFF85B8C3578C630711EA" box="[659,770,1221,1246]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="498" unit="cm" value="17.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="15.0">15–20 cm</quantity>
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below surface, between low and mid-water levels.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C333655AFFACFF85BA9757A063D5107D" pageId="3" pageNumber="498" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8B9636D1FFACFF85BA9757A063D5107D" blockId="3.[151,1437,1077,1642]" pageId="3" pageNumber="498">
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<emphasis id="B95DEAC3FFACFF85BA9757A061651035" bold="true" box="[199,352,1257,1282]" pageId="3" pageNumber="498">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Widespread, recorded from numerous areas and localities outside the
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<typeStatus id="54928873FFACFF85BED057A364B51035" box="[1152,1200,1258,1282]" pageId="3" pageNumber="498">type</typeStatus>
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locality (off palazzo Donn’Anna, Naples,
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<collectingCountry id="F33E7641FFACFF85BBD9564461BB1011" box="[393,446,1293,1318]" name="Italy" pageId="3" pageNumber="498">Italy</collectingCountry>
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) including the West and East Mediterranean Sea, Northern Europe, British Isles,
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<collectingCountry id="F33E7641FFACFF85BF34564765991011" box="[1380,1436,1294,1318]" name="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="498">USA</collectingCountry>
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(Atlantic, Gulf coasts and
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<collectingRegion id="49EDF833FFACFF85BBEE5678620A107D" box="[446,527,1329,1354]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="3" pageNumber="498">Florida</collectingRegion>
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Keys) and
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<collectingCountry id="F33E7641FFACFF85B8DF567862EE107D" box="[655,747,1329,1354]" name="Somalia" pageId="3" pageNumber="498">Somalia</collectingCountry>
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(as
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<emphasis id="B95DEAC3FFACFF85B949567B633D107E" box="[793,824,1330,1353]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="498">M.</emphasis>
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cf
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<taxonomicName id="4C294D52FFACFF85B90B567863C5107D" authorityName="Remane" authorityYear="1927" box="[859,960,1329,1354]" family="Macrodasyidae" genus="Macrodasys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="3" pageNumber="498" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="caudatus">
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||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC3FFACFF85B90B567863C5107D" box="[859,960,1329,1354]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="498">caudatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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).
|
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C333655AFFACFF85BA97561C63A7135D" pageId="3" pageNumber="498" type="discussion">
|
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<paragraph id="8B9636D1FFACFF85BA97561C63A7135D" blockId="3.[151,1437,1077,1642]" pageId="3" pageNumber="498">
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<emphasis id="B95DEAC3FFACFF85BA97561C613E1059" bold="true" box="[199,315,1365,1390]" pageId="3" pageNumber="498">Remarks.</emphasis>
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According to the literature, the species appears to be eurytopic, having been found in fine to coarse sand, mostly with detritus or mud, but also in
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<taxonomicName id="4C294D52FFACFF85B8C65630631610A5" authorityName="Yarrell" authorityYear="1836" box="[662,787,1401,1426]" class="Leptocardii" family="Branchiostomatidae" genus="Amphioxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphioxiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="498" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC3FFACFF85B8C65630631610A5" box="[662,787,1401,1426]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="498">Amphioxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
sand and among algae (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B20FFACFF85BE075630652010A5" author="Todaro, M. A. & Balsamo, M. & Tongiorgi, P." box="[1111,1317,1401,1426]" pageId="3" pageNumber="498" pagination="471 - 485" refId="ref10633" refString="Todaro, M. A., Balsamo, M. & Tongiorgi, P. (1992) Marine gastrotrichs from the Tuscan Archipelago (Tyrrhenian Sea): I. Macrodasyida, with description of three new species, Bollettino di Zoologia, 59, 471 - 485. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 11250009209386709" type="journal article" year="1992">
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Todaro
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<emphasis id="B95DEAC3FFACFF85BEFC563364D810A5" box="[1196,1245,1401,1426]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="498">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1992
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</bibRefCitation>
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).The wide distribution and the variety of habitats call for a better comparison of the geographic populations; future comparisons should include molecular data. According to W.D. Hummon (personal communication to MAT), the records of
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D52FFACFF85BB4456AF61A710C9" authorityName="Remane" authorityYear="1927" box="[276,418,1509,1534]" family="Macrodasyidae" genus="Macrodasys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="3" pageNumber="498" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="caudatus">
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<emphasis id="B95DEAC3FFACFF85BB4456AF61A710C9" box="[276,418,1509,1534]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="498">M. caudatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
from the
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<collectingCountry id="F33E7641FFACFF85B84956AF625410C9" box="[537,593,1510,1534]" name="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="498">USA</collectingCountry>
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actually should be considered records of
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<taxonomicName id="4C294D52FFACFF85BE6756AF659210C9" authority="Evans, 1994" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1994" box="[1079,1431,1509,1534]" family="Macrodasyidae" genus="Macrodasys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="3" pageNumber="498" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="meristocytalis">
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||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC3FFACFF85BE6756AF644B10CA" box="[1079,1102,1510,1533]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="498">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
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<emphasis id="B95DEAC3FFACFF85BE3056AC64F810C9" box="[1120,1277,1509,1534]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="498">meristocytalis</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B20FFACFF85BF5756AF659210C9" author="Evans, W. A." box="[1287,1431,1510,1534]" pageId="3" pageNumber="498" pagination="239 - 255" refId="ref8292" refString="Evans, W. A. (1994) Morphological variability in warm-temperate and subtropical populations of Macrodasys (Gastrotricha: Macrodasyida: Macrodasyidae) with description of seven new species. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 107, 239 - 255." type="journal article" year="1994">Evans, 1994</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
; similarly, the Indian record from Kerala beaches is most unlikely to be
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C294D52FFACFF85B9E55543643A1315" authorityName="Remane" authorityYear="1927" box="[949,1087,1545,1570]" family="Macrodasyidae" genus="Macrodasys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="3" pageNumber="498" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="caudatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC3FFACFF85B9E55543643A1315" box="[949,1087,1545,1570]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="498">M. caudatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, due to the lack of information regarding the shape and size of the accessory sexual organs (i.e., caudal- and frontal organ). It is evident that new material is needed to perform a robust identification of these animals.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |