503 lines
54 KiB
XML
503 lines
54 KiB
XML
<document id="45329E5F65FA9B3E30034D9FDF116A60" ID-DOI="10.21826/2446-82312021v76e2021006" ID-ISSN="2446-8231" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10627148" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.metadata_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1707254846684" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Pasini, Eduardo, Bonifacino, José Maurício & Torchelsen, Fábio Piccin" docDate="2021" docId="038087C38140FF841ED5FCAC163DFC8A" docLanguage="en" docName="IheringiaSerBot.76.e2021006.pdf" docOrigin="Iheringia, Série Botânica (e 2021006) 76" docSource="https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/c0909dd8-229f-3ad1-9dbc-030240f5a74c/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:3C563AF6661D3FAE1B0AAF4F217B09F3.1:IheringiaSerBot.2017-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="3C563AF6661D3FAE1B0AAF4F217B09F3" docStyleName="IheringiaSerBot.2017-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Trichocline maxima Less., Linnaea" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="5" masterDocId="FFB9FFBB8141FF801E59FFDF1221FFCF" masterDocTitle="Trichocline maxima (Compositae, Mutisieae) a rare Pampean daisy rediscovered after 70 years in Uruguay" masterLastPageNumber="6" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="2" updateTime="1710427406820" updateUser="guilherme" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="40DCA72A6B7FF2EB8B5E1F8E3688B085">Trichocline maxima (Compositae, Mutisieae) a rare Pampean daisy rediscovered after 70 years in Uruguay</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="714F0DFB6370656CDFAD49CF66C895BA" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="601E6E87FE3EB8B0E01193E5755CC69A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="E7401B5A0B0A0A518138869B14CD5C02">Pasini, Eduardo</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="DBE5BA4C3B2F276A97C0EAF3F9B8C71A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="7803B16D278B230DD62F60F938D31A1B">Bonifacino, José Maurício</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="B50118847F9DB9010B8C7CD47951D1BB" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="1CADE7D16DAD9553D5195C93CF2E994E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="7B90FFC76044385DE0632BF55C748A66">Torchelsen, Fábio Piccin</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="1A7A4636BB4E19CB627D1742A71E94A3">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="D52654A350908296E4AEC010F2646DC3">Iheringia, Série Botânica</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="B7D841F2E1121E0EB5DBCE70882B0D25">
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<mods:date id="4AA02E330CB2942F31D64D90EBCE5B8F">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:title id="1787B1DB40E9A0FBC479FF72A55853D6">e 2021006</mods:title>
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<mods:number id="16D0B1B831B57329FDA972BADEF00BC3">2021-05-07</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="1AAD75B080E5B895FC89014D10248D83">76</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="25269B697B4439B985BCFD5010F97D6F">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="58971A79804900C653CC0FD7488380E8" type="DOI">10.21826/2446-82312021v76e2021006</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="666A280C0CC670A1A15C21F709059741" type="ISSN">2446-8231</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B35F10488AC688C78FAF2E0C05DF4E70" type="Zenodo-Dep">10627148</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="038087C38140FF841ED5FCAC163DFC8A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10627192" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10627192" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038087C38140FF841ED5FCAC163DFC8A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038087C38140FF841ED5FCAC163DFC8A" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<subSubSection id="C333655E8140FF811ED5FCAC10BEFC44" box="[140,671,883,907]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9636D58140FF811ED5FCAC10BEFC44" blockId="1.[140,671,883,907]" box="[140,671,883,907]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<heading id="D0DE81B98140FF811ED5FCAC10BEFC44" box="[140,671,883,907]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" reason="6">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8810C48140FF811ED5FCAC10BDFC44" author="Less." box="[140,668,883,907]" journal="Linnaea" page="290" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" score="4.864797368871433" volume="5" year="1830">
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<taxonomicName id="4C294D568140FF811ED5FCAC102AFC44" ID-CoL="7CPXB" authority="Less., Linnaea" authorityName="Less., Linnaea" box="[140,523,883,907]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Trichocline" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="maxima">
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<emphasis id="B95DEAC78140FF811ED5FCAC134BFC44" bold="true" box="[140,362,883,907]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Trichocline maxima</emphasis>
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Less., Linnaea
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</taxonomicName>
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5: 290. 1830
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C333655E8140FF811ED5FC7B1347FBD1" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B9636D58140FF811ED5FC7B1347FBD1" blockId="1.[140,745,931,1979]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<emphasis id="B95DEAC78140FF811ED5FC7B12ECFC73" bold="true" box="[140,205,932,956]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Type:</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B413C888140FF811E8DFC7B10C8FC13" collectionCode="K" country="Brazil" location="BRAZIL" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" specimenCode="K-504286" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectoype">
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||
<collectingCountry id="F33E76458140FF811E8DFC7B1319FC73" box="[212,312,932,956]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
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. “
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<taxonomicName id="4C294D568140FF811F17FC7C1012FC74" authorityName="Theodor" authorityYear="1956" box="[334,563,931,955]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Brasilia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="meridionalis">
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<emphasis id="B95DEAC78140FF811F17FC7C1012FC74" box="[334,563,931,955]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Brasilia meridionalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. s.l., s.d.,
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<emphasis id="B95DEAC78140FF811CF8FC7C1293FC13" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Sellow s.n.</emphasis>
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”. (
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<typeStatus id="549288778140FF811E8EFC1A1360FC12" box="[215,321,965,989]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Lectoype</typeStatus>
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, designated here
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<specimenCode id="DB8F9EAE8140FF811C50FC1B1059FC13" box="[521,632,964,988]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">K-504286</specimenCode>
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[image!];
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</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation id="3B413C888140FF811ED5FC3A13CFFC32" box="[140,494,997,1021]" collectionCode="G, HAL, P" country="Brazil" location="BRAZIL" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" specimenCode="G-308259" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="isolectotype">
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<typeStatus id="549288778140FF811ED5FC3A1339FC32" box="[140,280,997,1021]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="isolectotype">Isolectotypes</typeStatus>
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<specimenCode id="DB8F9EAE8140FF811F44FC3A13A8FC32" box="[285,393,997,1021]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">G-308259</specimenCode>
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[image!],
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B413C888140FF811FADFC3910C9FC32" box="[500,744,997,1022]" collectionCode="G, HAL, P" country="Brazil" location="BRAZIL" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" specimenCode="HAL-113007" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="isolectotype">
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<specimenCode id="DB8F9EAE8140FF811FADFC3910A3FC31" box="[500,642,998,1022]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">HAL-113007</specimenCode>
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[image!],
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B413C888140FF811ED5FBD81347FBD1" box="[140,358,1030,1055]" collectionCode="G, HAL, P" country="Brazil" location="BRAZIL" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" specimenCode="P-703278" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="isolectotype">
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<specimenCode id="DB8F9EAE8140FF811ED5FBD812D2FBD0" box="[140,243,1031,1055]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">P-703278</specimenCode>
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[image!]).
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</materialsCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C333655E8140FF811F35FBD910B1F874" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9636D58140FF811F35FBD913F7FBD0" blockId="1.[140,745,931,1979]" box="[364,470,1030,1055]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<figureCitation id="13122A508140FF811F35FBD91395FBD0" box="[364,436,1030,1055]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[200,260,1793,1812]" captionTargetBox="[200,1443,151,1768]" captionTargetId="figure-29@2.[200,1443,151,1768]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. A-G. Trichocline maxima. A. General view of the species habit; B. Capitulum; C. Involucre; D. Detail of achene and pappus; E. Detail of rosette leaves, scapes and xylopodium; F. Detail of the rosette and lobate leaves; G. Habitat. Photos credits: A-C, F and G by José M. Bonifacino; D by Fábio P. Torchelsen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10627150" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10627150/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13122A508140FF811F9BFBD813F3FBD0" box="[450,466,1031,1055]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[140,200,1767,1786]" captionTargetBox="[209,1320,242,1709]" captionTargetId="figure-24@3.[140,1387,151,1773]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. A-E. Illustration of Trichocline maxima. A. Habit; B. Outer to inner phyllaries; C. Ray florets; D. Disc florets; E. Achene.Illustrations A–E were made by Edson Luis de Carvalho Soares and adapted from Pasini & Ritter (2012). José M. Bonifacino drew the illustration of the achene E." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10627152" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10627152/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">2</figureCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9636D58140FF811EEBFBF810B1F874" blockId="1.[140,745,931,1979]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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Perennial, scapose herbs with rosulate leaves, up to
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<quantity id="4CD19B308140FF811C97FBF8128CFBAF" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="cm" value="85.0">85 cm</quantity>
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high. Xylopodium up to
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<quantity id="4CD19B308140FF811F9AFB97103DFBAF" box="[451,540,1096,1120]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="cm" value="12.5">12.5 cm</quantity>
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long, more or less cylindrical. Leaves petiolate; petiole
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<quantity id="4CD19B308140FF811C43FBB5104BFB4E" box="[538,618,1130,1154]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="cm" value="4.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="2.0">2–7 cm</quantity>
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long, blade 20–30
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<emphasis id="B95DEAC78140FF811E96FB5412C0FB6D" box="[207,225,1163,1186]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">×</emphasis>
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||
<quantity id="4CD19B308140FF811EBFFB541317FB6D" box="[230,310,1163,1187]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="cm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4 cm</quantity>
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, obovate or oblanceolate, base attenuated to cuneate, apex acute or obtuse, margin entire or lobate, lobes (when present) 3–5-paired,
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<quantity id="4CD19B308140FF811FB3FB13106AFB2B" box="[490,587,1228,1252]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="cm" value="1.75" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="0.5">0.5–3 cm</quantity>
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long, rounded, glabrous, papyraceous. Floral scape
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<quantity id="4CD19B308140FF811C5EFB32104EFACA" box="[519,623,1261,1285]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.25" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="cm" value="62.5" valueMax="80.0" valueMin="45.0">45–80 cm</quantity>
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long, erect, ebracteate, glabrescent to glabrous. Involucres 2–3
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<emphasis id="B95DEAC78140FF811C8FFAD010C9FAE9" box="[726,744,1295,1318]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">×</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="4CD19B308140FF811ED5FAF01326FA88" box="[140,263,1327,1351]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="cm" value="2.0" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2.5 cm</quantity>
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, hemispheric, phyllaries 5–8-seriate, adaxial surface tomentose; outer 6–7
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||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78140FF811FEEFA8E13E8FAA7" box="[439,457,1361,1384]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">×</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="4CD19B308140FF811F94FA8F1005FAA7" box="[461,548,1360,1384]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="5.0">5–7 mm</quantity>
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||
, ovate, apex obtuse to acute, adaxial surface woolly; middle ovate-lanceolate, 9–12
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||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78140FF811E90FA4C12FAFA65" box="[201,219,1427,1450]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">×</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="4CD19B308140FF811EBAFA4D131EFA65" box="[227,319,1426,1450]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="5.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="4.0">4–6 mm</quantity>
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, apex obtuse, tomentose on the adaxial surface; inner 13–16.5
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||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78140FF811F2EFA6B13A8FA04" box="[375,393,1460,1483]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">×</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="4CD19B308140FF811FD7FA6C13D9FA04" box="[398,504,1459,1483]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.25" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="5.25" valueMax="6.5" valueMin="4.0">4–6.5 mm</quantity>
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, ovate-lanceolate, apex acute, glabrous. Florets dimorphic; ray florets female, uniseriate, yellow, outer conspicuous, spreading, apices very short 3-toothed, inner of two long linear spiraled lobes, ca. 25, corolla bilabiate-liguliform, yellow, tube
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<quantity id="4CD19B308140FF811CDDF9E710C9F980" box="[644,744,1592,1616]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="8.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="7.0">7–10 mm</quantity>
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long, abaxial lip 10–21
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||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78140FF811FDEF98613B8F9BF" box="[391,409,1625,1648]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">×</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="4CD19B308140FF811FC6F987102CF9BF" box="[415,525,1624,1648]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="2.75" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.5">2.5–3 mm</quantity>
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, linear to lanceolate, tomentose, adaxial lip ca.
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||
<quantity id="4CD19B308140FF811FEBF9A61029F95E" box="[434,520,1657,1681]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="4.5">4.5 mm</quantity>
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long, staminodes 5,
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||
<quantity id="4CD19B308140FF811ED5F94412C8F97D" box="[140,233,1691,1715]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4 mm</quantity>
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||
long, apex acute, base attenuate or sagittate; style
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<quantity id="4CD19B308140FF811E9FF963130DF91C" box="[198,300,1724,1748]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="10.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="8.0">8–12 mm</quantity>
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long, style branches ca.
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||
<quantity id="4CD19B308140FF811C60F9631056F91C" box="[569,631,1724,1748]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
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||
long; disc florets bisexual, corolla bilabiate-tubulose yellow, tube
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||
<quantity id="4CD19B308140FF811ED5F9211304F8DA" box="[140,293,1790,1814]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.31" metricValueMax="1.45" metricValueMin="1.17" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="13.1" valueMax="14.5" valueMin="11.7">11.7–14.5 mm</quantity>
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long, abaxial lip 3-toothed,
|
||
<quantity id="4CD19B308140FF811C0DF921108AF8DA" box="[596,683,1790,1814]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, recurvate, adaxial lip 2-toothed,
|
||
<quantity id="4CD19B308140FF811FB3F8C01077F8F9" box="[490,598,1823,1847]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="3.25" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="3.0">3–3.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, anthers
|
||
<quantity id="4CD19B308140FF811ED5F89F1320F898" box="[140,257,1856,1880]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0699999999999998" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="0.94" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="10.7" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="9.4">9.4–12 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, basal appendages papillose, style
|
||
<quantity id="4CD19B308140FF811CCDF89F1294F8B7" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.825" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.75" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="18.25" valueMax="19.0" valueMin="17.5">17.5–19 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, style branches ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CD19B308140FF811FECF8BE13CFF8B7" box="[437,494,1889,1913]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
long. Achenes ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CD19B308140FF811CECF8BE10C8F8B7" box="[693,745,1889,1913]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
|
||
long, cylindrical or ovoid; twin hairs densely set; pappus uniseriate,
|
||
<quantity id="4CD19B308140FF811F58F87C13A6F875" box="[257,391,1955,1979]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.435" metricValueMax="1.5699999999999998" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="14.35" valueMax="15.7" valueMin="13.0">13–15.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, bristles barbellate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C333655E8140FF811D57FF4F1187FBC5" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636D58140FF811D57FF4F1187FBC5" blockId="1.[781,1388,144,1034]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78140FF811D57FF4F1611FF67" bold="true" box="[782,1072,144,168]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Distribution and ecology:</emphasis>
|
||
South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33E76458140FF811A25FF4F169CFF67" box="[1148,1213,144,168]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EDF8378140FF811A95FF4F114DFF07" country="Brazil" name="Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Rio Grande do Sul State</collectingRegion>
|
||
) and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33E76458140FF811DFAFF6E11DEFF06" box="[931,1023,177,201]" name="Uruguay" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13122A508140FF811A52FF6F1668FF07" box="[1035,1097,176,200]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="4.[200,260,1803,1822]" captionTargetBox="[222,1421,908,1761]" captionTargetId="figure-390@4.[203,1448,881,1790]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 3. Distribution map of Trichocline maxima. The orange dot represents the latest record of the species that is reported in this work. The black dot in Uruguay is from collections cited in the additional examined material section. The black dot in Brazil represents the possible location of Malme’s (1931) citation of a Sellow’s collection: Inter Rio Pardo et Bagé." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10627154" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10627154/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). The species inhabits rocky outcrops and sandy soiled grasslands at low elevation areas of the Pampean phytogeographic province (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B248140FF811AAAFF2F11BFFEE7" author="Cabrera, A. L. & Willink, A." pageId="1" pageNumber="2" refId="ref3162" refString="Cabrera, A. L. & Willink, A. 1973. Biogeografia de America Latina. Coleccion de Monografias Cientificas O. E. A., Washington D. C. 120 p." type="book" year="1973">Cabrera & Willink 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Previous studies indicated that the species was probably extinct in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33E76458140FF811A43FEEF167AFE87" box="[1050,1115,304,328]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B248140FF811A35FEEF16DCFE87" author="Zardini, E. M." box="[1132,1277,304,328]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="618 - 733" refId="ref3553" refString="Zardini, E. M. 1975. Revision del genero Trichocline (Compositae). Darwiniana 19: 618 - 733." type="journal article" year="1975">Zardini 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B248140FF811B55FEEF11AFFEA6" author="Pasini, E. & Ritter, M. R." pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="490 - 506" refId="ref3461" refString="Pasini, E. & Ritter, M. R. 2012. O genero Trichocline Cass. (Asteraceae, Mutisieae) no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Biociencias 10: 490 - 506." type="journal article" year="2012">Pasini & Ritter 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and in fact, the only three records in this country were made almost 190 years ago; one of them is the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549288778140FF811D6BFE4E117FFE66" box="[818,862,401,425]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen that was indicated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B248140FF811AF8FE4E171CFE66" author="Lessing, C. F." box="[1185,1341,401,425]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="237 - 298" refId="ref3402" refString="Lessing, C. F. (1830) De synanthereis herbarii regii Berolinensis dissertatio tertia. Linnaea 5: 237 - 298." type="journal article" year="1830">Lessing (1830)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and is located at
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED38AE108140FF811DCCFE6E118AFE07" box="[917,939,433,456]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED38AE108140FF811DEFFE6E11EDFE06" box="[950,972,433,457]" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="Herbarium">G</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED38AE108140FF811D8EFE6E162CFE06" box="[983,1037,433,457]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15866" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15866" name="Martin-Luther-Universität" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="Herbarium">HAL</collectionCode>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED38AE108140FF811A18FE6E1671FE07" box="[1089,1104,433,456]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
|
||
. The other two collections were cited by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B248140FF811DFAFE0E161AFE26" author="Malme, G. O. A. N." box="[931,1083,465,489]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="1 - 89" refId="ref3426" refString="Malme, G. O. A. N. 1931. Die Compositen der zweiten Regnellschen Reise. I. Rio Grande do Sul. Arkiv for Botanik 24: 1 - 89." type="journal article" year="1931">Malme (1931)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as follows: “
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78140FF811A9EFE0D16DAFE26" box="[1223,1275,466,489]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Inter</emphasis>
|
||
Rio Pardo
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78140FF811D57FE2D1100FDC6" box="[782,801,498,521]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">et</emphasis>
|
||
Bagé (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78140FF811D2CFE2D11F8FDC6" box="[885,985,497,521]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED38AE108140FF811D2CFE2D11A7FDC6" box="[885,902,498,521]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15707" name="Field Museum of Natural History, Botany Department" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="Herbarium">F</collectionCode>
|
||
. Sellow
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
1831);
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78140FF811A6BFE2D11B7FDE6" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">etiam ab Isabelle lecta, loco non indicato</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78140FF811DF1FDCE163AFDE6" box="[936,1051,529,553]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED38AE108140FF811DF1FDCE119AFDE7" box="[936,955,529,552]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
|
||
. Isabelle
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
1835)”, of which we were not able to find. The species records in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33E76458140FF811AF3FDED1728FD85" box="[1194,1289,562,586]" name="Uruguay" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
are also scarce and are restricted to the northern region of the country (Departments of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EDF8378140FF811A40FDAE1641FD46" box="[1049,1120,625,649]" country="Uruguay" name="Rivera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Rivera</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EDF8378140FF811AC8FDAE1738FD46" box="[1169,1305,625,649]" country="Uruguay" name="Tacuarembo" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Tacuarembó</collectingRegion>
|
||
), which shares the same floristic characteristics with the southern extreme of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33E76458140FF811DD3FD6E11EAFD06" box="[906,971,689,713]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(State of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EDF8378140FF811A6EFD6E1724FD06" box="[1079,1285,689,713]" country="Brazil" name="Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Rio Grande do Sul</collectingRegion>
|
||
). Prior to our rediscovery, the latest record was almost 70 years ago (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78140FF811D4EFD2D11B1FCC6" box="[791,912,754,777]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Osorio s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED38AE108140FF811DC3FD2D11FCFCC6" box="[922,989,754,777]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">MVM</collectionCode>
|
||
13902). We could track the species habitat, following the information of its records from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33E76458140FF811D57FCED114DFC85" box="[782,876,818,842]" name="Uruguay" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and locate it in the department of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EDF8378140FF811AB8FCED1746FC85" box="[1249,1383,818,842]" country="Uruguay" name="Tacuarembo" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Tacuarembó</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Paso Ataques. The subpopulation was found in shrubby grassland with rocky outcrops and sandy soil. The species habitat is extremely endangered due to human impact, like intensive silviculture and uncontrolled use of grazing. In fact, the whole population was surrounded by
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78140FF811AA0FC0D174AFC25" box="[1273,1387,978,1002]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Eucaliptus</emphasis>
|
||
sp. plantation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C333655E8140FF811D57FBFD117AFB96" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636D58140FF811D57FBFD117AFB96" blockId="1.[782,1387,1057,1113]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78140FF811D57FBFD11AFFBF5" bold="true" box="[782,910,1058,1082]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Phenology:</emphasis>
|
||
The species bloom from late December to March.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C333655E8140FF811D57FBAF1613F945" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636D58140FF811D57FBAF1613F945" blockId="1.[782,1388,1136,1674]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78140FF811D57FBAF11DBFB46" bold="true" box="[782,1018,1136,1161]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Conservation status:</emphasis>
|
||
We consider the species Critically Endangered (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED38AE108140FF811DF1FB4E11F1FB66" box="[936,976,1169,1193]" country="Costa Rica" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15652" name="Museo Nacional de Costa Rica" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="Herbarium">CR</collectionCode>
|
||
) by the IUCN’s (2011) categories, according to the following criteria and subcriteria:
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED38AE108140FF811B7EFB6E171AFB06" box="[1319,1339,1201,1225]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
|
||
4 (c) (e);
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED38AE108140FF811D60FB0E116AFB26" box="[825,843,1233,1257]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="Herbarium">B</collectionCode>
|
||
2 a:
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED38AE108140FF811D2CFB0E11ABFB26" box="[885,906,1233,1257]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
|
||
4. We project that the subpopulations suffered from a drastic size reduction in the last 100 years, due to decline of habitat quality. This could be related to the human impacts along the species range areas. There are vast areas of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D568140FF811D3FFA8D11F5FAA6" box="[870,980,1362,1385]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78140FF811D3FFA8D1182FAA6" box="[870,931,1362,1385]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Pinus</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
plantation in northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33E76458140FF811A9BFA8D1701FAA5" box="[1218,1312,1362,1386]" name="Uruguay" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
, which for the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D568140FF811DFAFAAE163DFA46" box="[931,1052,1393,1417]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Trichocline" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78140FF811DFAFAAE163DFA46" box="[931,1052,1393,1417]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Trichocline</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a whole, could lead to local extinctions. Besides that, this particular species presents a large floral scape and conspicuous ray florets, and can be easily spotted in nature, a fact that could potentially be related to its exploitation for ornamental purposes;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED38AE108140FF811B71FA2D171BF9C5" box="[1320,1338,1522,1546]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="Herbarium">B</collectionCode>
|
||
2 a – the total extent of occurrence of the species was severely fragmented by the agricultural and silvicultural systems. Furthermore, the only register of the species in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33E76458140FF811B49F98D1770F9A5" box="[1296,1361,1618,1642]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
is from almost 200 years ago.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C333655E8140FF841D57F97E1746FD9C" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636D58140FF841D57F97E1088FC89" blockId="1.[781,1388,1697,1978]" lastBlockId="4.[199,807,151,838]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78140FF811D57F97E16AFF976" bold="true" box="[782,1166,1697,1721]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Taxonomy and lectotypification:</emphasis>
|
||
Christian Friedrich Lessing described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D568140FF811D83F91E1691F916" box="[986,1200,1729,1753]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Trichocline" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="maxima">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78140FF811D83F91E1691F916" box="[986,1200,1729,1753]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Trichocline maxima</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in 1830, using a collection of Friedrich Sellow from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33E76458140FF811AC8F93E16F7F936" box="[1169,1238,1761,1785]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
. This botanist first collected the species around the year
|
||
<quantity id="4CD19B308140FF811AB2F8DD1761F8D6" box="[1259,1344,1793,1818]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6228" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="in" value="1820.0">1820 in</quantity>
|
||
the “Plata” region, which today is comprised by the territories of South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33E76458140FF811D2AF89D1195F895" box="[883,948,1858,1882]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(State of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EDF8378140FF811A7CF89D16D6F895" box="[1061,1271,1858,1882]" country="Brazil" name="Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Rio Grande do Sul</collectingRegion>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33E76458140FF811B55F89D1748F895" box="[1292,1385,1858,1882]" name="Uruguay" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
and northeast
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33E76458140FF811DFBF8BD1631F8B5" box="[930,1040,1890,1914]" name="Argentina" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Plenty of information is lacking from some of the species collected by this botanist during his stay in South America, in particular for
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33E76458140FF811B7AF87D1749F875" box="[1315,1384,1954,1978]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Some of his informations written on the herbarium sheets are difficult to decipher, and different localities are often informed in the same
|
||
<typeStatus id="549288778145FF841F9BFF011000FF39" box="[450,545,222,246]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
material. All of this is because the botanist had a tragic and early death in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33E76458145FF841CBDFEDF1104FED7" box="[740,805,256,280]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
and therefore could not complete the information for each collection made by him. During the revision of the digitalized material of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D568145FF841C6EFEB71091FE4F" box="[567,688,360,384]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Trichocline" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78145FF841C6EFEB71091FE4F" box="[567,688,360,384]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Trichocline</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, we could identify
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2FFD5C8145FF841F7DFE54139EFE6B" box="[292,447,395,420]" count="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="generic" typeStatus="syntype">three syntypes</specimenCount>
|
||
of this species, one in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED38AE108145FF841CE6FE5310F4FE6C" box="[703,725,396,419]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
|
||
, one in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED38AE108145FF841E91FE7112FAFE09" box="[200,219,430,454]" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="Herbarium">G</collectionCode>
|
||
and another in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED38AE108145FF841FDCFE7013B5FE09" box="[389,404,431,454]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
|
||
, all collected by Sellow. In the labels of some of them, the indicated locality is simply
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D568145FF841C96FE0E1104FE26" authorityName="Cossmann" authorityYear="1918" box="[719,805,465,489]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Brasilia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78145FF841C96FE0E1104FE26" box="[719,805,465,489]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Brasilia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33E76458145FF841E89FE2B1335FDC3" box="[208,276,500,524]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
) (e.g. G-308259), which is in accordance with the protologue of the species in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B248145FF841FA5FDC81081FDE0" author="Lessing, C. F." box="[508,672,535,559]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="237 - 298" refId="ref3402" refString="Lessing, C. F. (1830) De synanthereis herbarii regii Berolinensis dissertatio tertia. Linnaea 5: 237 - 298." type="journal article" year="1830">Lessing (1830)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, however in some other specimens the locality
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D568145FF841C77FDE6112FFD9E" authorityName="Theodor" authorityYear="1956" box="[558,782,569,593]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Brasilia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="meridionalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78145FF841C77FDE6112FFD9E" box="[558,782,569,593]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Brasilia meridionalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is cited (e.g. K-504286). We do not believe this is a significant difference that indicates that the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549288778145FF841C4CFD5F1050FD57" box="[533,625,640,664]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
were collected in different places and times, and therefore we consider they all belong to the same collection. In addition to that, by the time Sellow collected the species, the borders between
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33E76458145FF841E9EFCD41305FCEC" box="[199,292,779,803]" name="Uruguay" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33E76458145FF841F0FFCD513B6FCED" box="[342,407,778,802]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
were not the same as today, therefore it could have been first collected in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33E76458145FF841C1FFCF11084FC89" box="[582,677,814,838]" name="Uruguay" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF56665D8143FF821E91F8DE1387F887" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10627150" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10627150" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10627150/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" startId="2.[200,260,1793,1812]" targetBox="[200,1443,151,1768]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636D58143FF821E91F8DE1387F887" blockId="2.[200,1448,1793,1864]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78143FF821E91F8DE1368F8DB" bold="true" box="[200,329,1793,1813]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figure 1. A-G.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D568143FF821F17F8DD13D9F8DB" box="[334,504,1794,1813]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Trichocline" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="maxima">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78143FF821F17F8DD13D9F8DB" box="[334,504,1794,1813]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Trichocline maxima</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78143FF821C58F8DE1037F8DB" bold="true" box="[513,534,1793,1812]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">A.</emphasis>
|
||
General view of the species habit;
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78143FF821D67F8DD1173F8DA" bold="true" box="[830,850,1794,1813]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">B.</emphasis>
|
||
Capitulum;
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78143FF821DE2F8DE11F1F8DB" bold="true" box="[955,976,1793,1812]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">C.</emphasis>
|
||
Involucre;
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78143FF821A68F8DD1667F8DA" bold="true" box="[1073,1094,1794,1813]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">D.</emphasis>
|
||
Detail of achene and pappus;
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78143FF821B1CF8DD1779F8DA" bold="true" box="[1349,1368,1794,1813]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">E.</emphasis>
|
||
Detail of rosette leaves, scapes and xylopodium;
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78143FF821C43F8C4100DF8E1" bold="true" box="[538,556,1819,1838]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">F.</emphasis>
|
||
Detail of the rosette and lobate leaves;
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78143FF821D25F8C411B0F8E1" bold="true" box="[892,913,1819,1838]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">G.</emphasis>
|
||
Habitat. Photos credits:
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78143FF821A3DF8C41680F8E1" bold="true" box="[1124,1185,1819,1838]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">A-C, F</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78143FF821A92F8C416FDF8E1" bold="true" box="[1227,1244,1819,1838]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">G</emphasis>
|
||
by José M. Bonifacino;
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78143FF821E91F8EA12F6F887" bold="true" box="[200,215,1845,1864]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">D</emphasis>
|
||
by Fábio P. Torchelsen.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF56665D8142FF831ED5F9381744F8DB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10627152" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10627152" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10627152/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" startId="3.[140,200,1767,1786]" targetBox="[209,1320,242,1709]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636D58142FF831ED5F9381744F8DB" blockId="3.[140,1387,1767,1812]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78142FF831ED5F9381328F935" bold="true" box="[140,265,1767,1786]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figure 2. A-E.</emphasis>
|
||
Illustration of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D568142FF831FDDF938100DF935" box="[388,556,1767,1786]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Trichocline" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="maxima">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78142FF831FDDF938100DF935" box="[388,556,1767,1786]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Trichocline maxima</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78142FF831C6FF938106BF935" bold="true" box="[566,586,1767,1786]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A.</emphasis>
|
||
Habit;
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78142FF831CD1F93810BAF935" bold="true" box="[648,667,1767,1786]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">B.</emphasis>
|
||
Outer to inner phyllaries;
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78142FF831D2EF93811AAF935" bold="true" box="[887,907,1767,1786]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C.</emphasis>
|
||
Ray florets;
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78142FF831DACF938162BF935" bold="true" box="[1013,1034,1767,1786]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">D.</emphasis>
|
||
Disc florets;
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78142FF831A20F93816ADF935" bold="true" box="[1145,1164,1767,1786]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">E.</emphasis>
|
||
Achene.Illustrations
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78142FF831B1AF938174AF935" bold="true" box="[1347,1387,1767,1786]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A–E</emphasis>
|
||
were made by Edson Luis de Carvalho Soares and adapted from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B248142FF831CECF8DE1154F8DB" author="Pasini, E. & Ritter, M. R." box="[693,885,1793,1812]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="490 - 506" refId="ref3461" refString="Pasini, E. & Ritter, M. R. 2012. O genero Trichocline Cass. (Asteraceae, Mutisieae) no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Biociencias 10: 490 - 506." type="journal article" year="2012">Pasini & Ritter (2012)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. José M. Bonifacino drew the illustration of the achene
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78142FF831B08F8DE177EF8DB" bold="true" box="[1361,1375,1793,1812]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">E</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636D58145FF841D28FF4816F8FEDF" blockId="4.[841,1450,151,595]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
Since the author did not specified which specimen is the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549288778145FF841DD7FF6711CFFF1F" box="[910,1006,184,208]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, we chose the one deposited in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED38AE108145FF841B15FF67177EFF00" box="[1356,1375,184,207]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
|
||
as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549288778145FF841D14FF07118EFF3F" box="[845,943,216,240]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(K-504286). This specimen is the one that is most informative and well preserved.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636D58145FF841D28FEC61746FD9C" blockId="4.[841,1450,151,595]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D568145FF841D28FEC6166DFEFF" box="[881,1100,281,305]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Trichocline" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="maxima">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78145FF841D28FEC6166DFEFF" box="[881,1100,281,305]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Trichocline maxima</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a conspicuous scapose herb that can be easily distinguished from the other species of the genus by its smooth and glabrous
|
||
<quantity id="4CD19B308145FF841B5CFE861750FEBE" box="[1285,1393,345,369]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.75" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="cm" value="67.5" valueMax="80.0" valueMin="55.0">55–80 cm</quantity>
|
||
long floral scape, ovate phyllaries and glabrous leaves. During the vegetative stage,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D568145FF841A69FE441681FE7D" box="[1072,1184,411,434]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Trichocline" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="maxima">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78145FF841A69FE441681FE7D" box="[1072,1184,411,434]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">T. maxima</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be misidentified by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D568145FF841D14FE6516FEFE1D" authority="E. Pasini & Ritter" authorityName="E. Pasini & Ritter" box="[845,1247,442,466]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Trichocline" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cisplatina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78145FF841D14FE651608FE1D" box="[845,1065,442,466]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Trichocline cisplatina</emphasis>
|
||
E. Pasini & Ritter
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, another Uruguayan species that also presents glabrous leaves with lobate margin and rounded lobes, however the second one has lobes bending backwards and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D568145FF841AD5FDC41713FDFC" box="[1164,1330,539,563]" form="secondary" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="form">form secondary</taxonomicName>
|
||
lobes. The epithet
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D568145FF841DC3FDE31629FD9C" box="[922,1032,572,595]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Trichocline" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="maxima">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78145FF841DC3FDE31629FD9C" box="[922,1032,572,595]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">T. maxima</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
refers to the species large scape.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C333655E8145FF841D12FDB4163DFC8A" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636D58145FF841D12FDB4163DFC8A" blockId="4.[841,1449,619,837]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78145FF841D12FDB416BDFD4C" bold="true" box="[843,1180,619,643]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Additional examined material:</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B413C888145FF841AF9FDB4173DFD6C" collectingDate="1945-12" collectionCode="K" collectorName="A. Isabelle" country="Brazil" location="RIO GRANDE DO SUL" municipality="Torchelsen" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" specimenCode="ICN 178180" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="RIO GRANDE DO SUL">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33E76458145FF841AF9FDB41723FD4C" box="[1184,1282,619,643]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EDF8378145FF841B50FDB4118DFD6C" country="Brazil" name="Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">RIO GRANDE DO SUL</collectingRegion>
|
||
: s.l., 1835,
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78145FF841A78FD54169AFD6C" box="[1057,1211,651,675]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<collectorName id="26DC53038145FF841A78FD5416B0FD6C" box="[1057,1169,651,675]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">A. Isabelle</collectorName>
|
||
s.n.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED38AE108145FF841A91FD5416FFFD6C" box="[1224,1246,651,675]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
|
||
, n.s.).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B413C888145FF841B7BFD541786FD0C" collectingDate="1944-01" collectionCode="LP" collectorName="J. Chebataroff" country="Uruguay" location="Paso Ataques" municipality="Torchelsen" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" specimenCode="ICN 178180" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="RIVERA">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33E76458145FF841B7BFD541784FD6C" box="[1314,1445,651,675]" name="Uruguay" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">URUGUAY</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EDF8378145FF841D10FD73118EFD0B" box="[841,943,684,708]" country="Uruguay" name="Rivera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">RIVERA</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<location id="8EF6600E8145FF841DE0FD731666FD0B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038087C38140FF841ED5FCAC163DFC8A:8EF6600E8145FF841DE0FD731666FD0B" box="[953,1095,684,708]" country="Uruguay" municipality="Torchelsen" name="Paso Ataques" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" stateProvince="RIVERA">Paso Ataques</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF9710158145FF841A16FD7416B7FD0C" box="[1103,1174,683,707]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1944-01">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFD3E9FD8145FF841A16FD7416B7FD0C" box="[1103,1174,683,707]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1944-01">I.1944</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78145FF841AC6FD73174DFD0C" box="[1183,1388,683,707]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<collectorName id="26DC53038145FF841AC6FD731715FD0C" box="[1183,1332,683,707]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">J. Chebataroff</collectorName>
|
||
9112
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED38AE108145FF841B21FD7417BAFD0C" box="[1400,1435,683,707]" country="Russia" name="Laboratory of Palaeontology" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">LP</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B413C888145FF841D12FD1416DCFD2B" box="[843,1277,715,740]" collectingDate="1945-12" collectionCode="MVJB" collectorName="A. Lombardo" country="Brazil" location="RIO GRANDE DO SUL" municipality="Torchelsen" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" specimenCode="ICN 178180" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Sul">
|
||
<date id="FF9710158145FF841D12FD141191FD2C" box="[843,944,715,739]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1945-12">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFD3E9FD8145FF841D12FD141191FD2C" box="[843,944,715,739]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1945-12">XII.1945</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78145FF841DE6FD1316B1FD2B" box="[959,1168,716,740]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<collectorName id="26DC53038145FF841DE6FD131671FD2B" box="[959,1104,716,740]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">A. Lombardo</collectorName>
|
||
4570
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED38AE108145FF841AFAFD1316D0FD2B" box="[1187,1265,716,740]" collectionName="MVJB" country="Uruguay" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zgi9-s6ed" name="Museo y Jardín Botánico" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="Herbarium">MVJB</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B413C888145FF841B5EFD13118DFCEB" collectingDate="2014-04-22" collectionCode="A" collectorName="E. Pasini & J. M. Bonifacino & F. P. Torchelsen" country="Brazil" location="RIO GRANDE DO SUL" municipality="Torchelsen" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" specimenCode="ICN 178180" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Sul">
|
||
<date id="FF9710158145FF841B5EFD1317A3FD2B" box="[1287,1410,716,740]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="2014-04-22">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFD3E9FD8145FF841B5EFD1317A3FD2B" box="[1287,1410,716,740]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="2014-04-22">22.IV.2014</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78145FF841BC9FD131742FCCB" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<collectorName id="26DC53038145FF841BC9FD1311B4FCCB" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">E. Pasini</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26DC53038145FF841DFCFD321640FCCB" box="[933,1121,748,772]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">J.M. Bonifacino</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26DC53038145FF841A28FD32173EFCCB" box="[1137,1311,748,772]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">F.P. Torchelsen</collectorName>
|
||
1019
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB8F9EAE8145FF841B2CFD331181FCEB" collectionCode="ICN" country="Colombia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/xsgz-nxkh" name="Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Museo de Historia Natural" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">ICN 178180</specimenCode>
|
||
);
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B413C888145FF841DEFFCD31639FC8A" collectingDate="1947-02-14" collectionCode="A" collectorName="H. Osorio" country="Brazil" location="Rincon de La Laguna" municipality="Torchelsen" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" specimenCode="MVM 13902" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Sul">
|
||
<location id="8EF6600E8145FF841DEFFCD3168BFCEA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038087C38140FF841ED5FCAC163DFC8A:8EF6600E8145FF841DEFFCD3168BFCEA" box="[950,1194,780,805]" country="Brazil" municipality="Torchelsen" name="Rincon de La Laguna" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Sul">Rincón de La Laguna</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF9710158145FF841AE1FCD3170BFCEB" box="[1208,1322,780,804]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1947-02-14">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFD3E9FD8145FF841AE1FCD3170BFCEB" box="[1208,1322,780,804]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1947-02-14">14.II.1947</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAC78145FF841B60FCD21151FC8B" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<collectorName id="26DC53038145FF841B60FCD21786FCEB" box="[1337,1447,781,804]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">H. Osorio</collectorName>
|
||
s.n.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB8F9EAE8145FF841D27FCF21631FC8A" box="[894,1040,813,837]" collectionCode="MVM" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">MVM 13902</specimenCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |