331 lines
44 KiB
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331 lines
44 KiB
XML
<document id="9E738D80003417B5998C579FD4758467" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2012.708452" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4590828" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1615293597861" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Kramer, Bernd, Bills, Roger, Skelton, Paul & Wink, Michael" docDate="2012" docId="038087B4FFA1FFD3A3D3FB6463F531F8" docLanguage="en" docName="JNATHIST.46.35-36.2179-2258.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 46 (35 - 36)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2012.708452" docStyle="DocumentStyle:DE8A86AD4006EFA56F95B2AAEFBF2813.5:JNatHist.2008-2012.journal_article.2cover" docStyleId="DE8A86AD4006EFA56F95B2AAEFBF2813" docStyleName="JNatHist.2008-2012.journal_article.2cover" docStyleVersion="5" docTitle="Petrocephalus okavangensis Kramer & Bills & Skelton & Wink 2012, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="2244" masterDocId="FFB9FFCCFFE0FF90A279FFDA6003327D" masterDocTitle="A critical revision of the churchill snoutfish, genus Petrocephalus Marcusen, 1854 (Actinopterygii: Teleostei: Mormyridae), from southern and eastern Africa, with the recognition of Petrocephalus tanensis, and the description of five new species" masterLastPageNumber="2258" masterPageNumber="2179" pageNumber="2242" updateTime="1698882054463" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="199318EAED0B5690425893F8A23D162D">A critical revision of the churchill snoutfish, genus Petrocephalus Marcusen, 1854 (Actinopterygii: Teleostei: Mormyridae), from southern and eastern Africa, with the recognition of Petrocephalus tanensis, and the description of five new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="EC6321AE5D3F98D54D978BF28F8BE2FC">Kramer, Bernd</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6A3C63BB859B4F4A9888520EEAA31B9E">Bills, Roger</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1508B77854D85CED6BB5BC46456B770D">Skelton, Paul</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E3A5F7F7AEE1DF53EC55097403441B40">Wink, Michael</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="9A6BB1B521647039337A7A3D7D4625D8">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="101378D173D6BBBBFFBEB45DF3B06AC4">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="30BD5A5FED749818423602E9CB7775D8">2012-09-30</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="1B3827C55C0E222018B352676DA74C8C">46</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="C38C918FE621F1B352C6964FB3073651">35 - 36</mods:number>
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<heading id="D0DE81CEFFA1FFD1A3D3FB64633636AB" box="[426,821,1214,1239]" centered="true" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="65" pageNumber="2242" reason="7">
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<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFA1FFD1A3D3FB6462D936AA" ID-CoL="4FDXR" authority="Kramer & Bills & Skelton & Wink, 2012" authorityName="Kramer & Bills & Skelton & Wink" authorityYear="2012" box="[426,730,1214,1239]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="65" pageNumber="2242" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="okavangensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA1FFD1A3D3FB6462D936AA" bold="true" box="[426,730,1214,1239]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="2242">Petrocephalus okavangensis</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26E57CBFFA1FFD1A098FB65633636AB" box="[737,821,1215,1238]" pageId="65" pageNumber="2242" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3336529FFA1FFD3A3CBFB0463F531F8" lastPageId="67" lastPageNumber="2244" pageId="65" pageNumber="2242" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFA1FFD1A3CBFB04632E368B" blockId="65.[426,821,1214,1270]" box="[434,813,1246,1270]" pageId="65" pageNumber="2242">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13122A27FFA1FFD1A3C0FB04621F368B" box="[441,540,1246,1270]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[143,210,1254,1276]" captionText="Figure 2(A–D). Photographs of members of southern and eastern African Petrocephalus species studied (numbers refer to localities given in Figures 1, 6 and 9). (1) P. catostoma (Günther, 1866), Lectotype, BMNH 1863.10.12.4, right side, SL 4.7 cm. (2) P. stuhlmanni Boulenger, 1909, holotype, BMNH 1907.12.3.1, SL 7.9 cm. (3) P. wesselsi Kramer and Van der Bank, 2000, right side, SL 9.7 cm, SAIAB 85922 (R1). (7) P. longicapitis sp. nov., SMF 28265 (R1), SL 9 cm. (9) P. okavangensis sp. nov., holotype, SAIAB 030046, right side, SL 6.1 cm. (10) P. catostoma tanensis Whitehead and Greenwood, 1959, holotype, BMNH 1963.11.29.1, right side, SL 6.7 cm. (10a) P. tanensis, field no. Ta05na, SL 8.7 cm, SAIAB 85907. (12) P. longianalis sp. nov., holotype, SL 8.2 cm, right side, SAIAB 76758. (21) P. petersi sp. nov., holotype, SAIAB 060846, right side, SL 6.4 cm. (23) P. magnoculis sp. nov., SL 8.9 cm, ZSM 38659. (24) P. haullevillii Boulenger, 1912, BMNH 1912.4.1.186–188 (R1), right side, SL 5.7 cm. (25) P. steindachneri Fowler 1958, syntype, NMW 55118:3, right side, SL 6.4 cm. (26) P. stuhlmanni congicus David and Poll, 1937, syntype, MRAC 30807-30808, SL 7.8 cm. (27) P. degeni Boulenger, 1906, BMNH 1906.5.30.84, right side, SL 8.12 cm. (28) P. catostoma, SAIAB 73894 (R1), right side, SL 6.4 cm. (31) P. magnitrunci sp. nov., SL 8.5 cm, SAIAB 67069 (R5, right side), see map Figure 6. Scale bar, 1 cm." pageId="65" pageNumber="2242">Figure 2</figureCitation>
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, no. 9; online
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<figureCitation id="13122A27FFA1FFD1A0C1FB046327368B" box="[696,804,1246,1270]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="43.[143,210,932,954]" captionTargetBox="[153,1096,175,895]" captionTargetId="graphics-5@43.[570,1092,439,864]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="Figure 10. Differentiation within Petrocephalus wesselsi of different South African origins, studied using Principal Component (PCA) and Discriminant (DA) Analyses, as compared with another species (P. longicapitis sp. nov., Namibia, Upper Zambezi). Circles in DA, 95% confidence circles to contain true mean of group. (A) PCA and (B) DA on correlations among anatomical characters. (C) PCA and (D) DA same as (A) and (B), respectively, but for analyses on characters of Electric Organ Discharges (EODs). Green M symbols, specimens from Mokolo (Mogol) River (n = 48; 43, i.e. 48 for anatomy and 43 for EOD); blue-green N symbols, Nwanedzi River (n = 9; 0); orange B symbols, Blyde River (n = 5; 5); red S symbols, Sabie River (n = 44; 39); blue Z symbols, P. longicapitis sp. nov. from the Upper Zambezi (type locality Katima Mulilo; n = 38; 42); bluer shade of blue-green coloured U symbols, specimens from Mbuluzi River, Swaziland (n = 4; 0). Excluded from DA but shown on DA graphs: lilac G symbols, Groot Letaba River (n = 2; 2); sand-coloured L symbols, Lepalala River (n = 2;1); redder shade of lilac P symbol, Pongola River (n = 1; 1). The 15 anatomical characters included in the anatomical analyses were: PDL/SL, PAL/SL, LD/SL, LA/SL, pD/SL, CPL/SL, CPD/CPL, LSc/HL, LSo/HL, HL/Na, HL/SL, BD/SL, nD, nA, SPc. The characters used in the EOD analyses were: Namp, P2amp, P1dur, Ndur, P2dur, P1Nsep, P1P2sep, NP2sep, P1area, Narea, P2 area." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4590852" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4590852/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="2242">Figure 10</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFA1FFD1A2F6FAC461FA37E8" blockId="65.[143,1104,1310,1429]" pageId="65" pageNumber="2242">
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A brief overview of records of Churchills from the
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<collectingRegion id="49EDF840FFA1FFD1A0B3FAC4633E374B" box="[714,829,1310,1334]" country="Namibia" name="Kavango West" pageId="65" pageNumber="2242">Okavango</collectingRegion>
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is given in
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B53FFA1FFD1A1C5FAC460F1372B" author="Skelton PH & Bruton MN & Merron GS & Van der Waal BCW" pageId="65" pageNumber="2242" pagination="1 - 21" refId="ref46220" refString="Skelton PH, Bruton MN, Merron GS, Van der Waal BCW. 1985. The fishes of the Okavango drainage system in Angola, South West Africa and Botswana: taxonomy and distribution. Ichthyol Bull JLB Smith Inst Ichthyol. 50: 1 - 21." type="journal article" year="1985">Skelton et al. (1985: 5)</bibRefCitation>
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, including a review of the discussions about their identity. Based on their own ‘preliminary observations’, these authors retained the name
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<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFA1FFD1A132FA8563DF370B" authorityName=": Boulenger" authorityYear="1898" box="[843,988,1375,1398]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="65" pageNumber="2242" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="catostoma">
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<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA1FFD1A132FA8563DF370B" box="[843,988,1375,1398]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="2242">P. catostoma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, ‘pending further analysis of the problem’.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFA1FFD1A2F6FA1A642D378A" blockId="65.[143,1103,1471,1528]" pageId="65" pageNumber="2242">
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<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA1FFD1A2F6FA1A613C37AA" box="[143,319,1472,1495]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="2242">Type specimens.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B413CFFFFA1FFD1A33FFA6562483785" collectionCode="SAIAB, R" country="Botswana" county="Lagoon" location="Okavango" municipality="Nguma" pageId="65" pageNumber="2242" specimenCode="SAIAB 030046, R22" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="54928800FFA1FFD1A33FFA6561B637AA" box="[326,437,1471,1495]" pageId="65" pageNumber="2242" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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<specimenCode id="DB8F9ED9FFA1FFD1A3C7FA65626437AA" box="[446,615,1471,1495]" collectionCode="SAIAB" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="65" pageNumber="2242" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB 030046</specimenCode>
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(specimen
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<specimenCode id="DB8F9ED9FFA1FFD1A09BFA65631137AA" box="[738,786,1471,1495]" collectionCode="R" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="65" pageNumber="2242">R22</specimenCode>
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) from
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<collectingCountry id="F33E7632FFA1FFD1A122FA1A63CF37AA" box="[859,972,1472,1495]" name="Botswana" pageId="65" pageNumber="2242">Botswana</collectingCountry>
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,
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<location id="8EF66079FFA1FFD1A1AFFA65644837AA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038087B4FFA1FFD3A3D3FB6463F531F8:8EF66079FFA1FFD1A1AFFA65644837AA" box="[982,1099,1471,1495]" country="Botswana" county="Lagoon" municipality="Nguma" name="Okavango" pageId="65" pageNumber="2242">Okavango</location>
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,
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<location id="8EF66079FFA1FFD1A2F6FA056129378A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038087B4FFA1FFD3A3D3FB6463F531F8:8EF66079FFA1FFD1A2F6FA056129378A" box="[143,298,1503,1527]" country="Botswana" county="Lagoon" municipality="Nguma" name="Thoage River" pageId="65" pageNumber="2242">Thoage River</location>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BF2ACD8FFA1FFD1A34DFA3A618A3785" box="[308,393,1504,1528]" pageId="65" pageNumber="2242">Nguma</collectingMunicipality>
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(Guma)
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.
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<materialsCitation id="3B413CFFFFA1FFD1A02CFA3A6428378A" box="[597,1067,1503,1528]" collectionCode="SAIAB" country="Botswana" pageId="65" pageNumber="2242" specimenCode="SAIAB 186062" specimenCount="41" typeStatus="paratype">
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<typeStatus id="54928800FFA1FFD1A02CFA3A62C43785" box="[597,711,1504,1528]" pageId="65" pageNumber="2242" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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:
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<specimenCode id="DB8F9ED9FFA1FFD1A0A8FA056378378A" box="[721,891,1503,1527]" collectionCode="SAIAB" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="65" pageNumber="2242" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB 186062</specimenCode>
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(
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<specimenCount id="9D2FFD2BFFA1FFD1A1F3FA056420378A" box="[906,1059,1503,1527]" pageId="65" pageNumber="2242" type="generic">41 specimens</specimenCount>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFA1FFD1A2F6F9FB61D13425" blockId="65.[143,1103,1568,1624]" pageId="65" pageNumber="2242">
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<materialsCitation id="3B413CFFFFA1FFD1A2F6F9FB61CD3425" country="Botswana" county="Lagoon" location="Okavango" municipality="Nguma" pageId="65" pageNumber="2242" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA1FFD1A2F6F9FB61313444" box="[143,306,1569,1593]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="2242">
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<typeStatus id="54928800FFA1FFD1A2F6F9FB60C63445" box="[143,197,1569,1592]" pageId="65" pageNumber="2242">Type</typeStatus>
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locality.
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</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="F33E7632FFA1FFD1A343F9FB61A83445" box="[314,427,1569,1592]" name="Botswana" pageId="65" pageNumber="2242">Botswana</collectingCountry>
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,
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<location id="8EF66079FFA1FFD1A3BCF9FA62393445" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038087B4FFA1FFD3A3D3FB6463F531F8:8EF66079FFA1FFD1A3BCF9FA62393445" box="[453,570,1568,1592]" country="Botswana" county="Lagoon" municipality="Nguma" name="Okavango" pageId="65" pageNumber="2242">Okavango</location>
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,
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<location id="8EF66079FFA1FFD1A02DF9FA62FE3445" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038087B4FFA1FFD3A3D3FB6463F531F8:8EF66079FFA1FFD1A02DF9FA62FE3445" box="[596,765,1568,1592]" country="Botswana" county="Lagoon" municipality="Nguma" name="Thoage River" pageId="65" pageNumber="2242">Thoage River</location>
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,
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||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF2ACD8FFA1FFD1A16EF9FB636F3444" box="[791,876,1569,1593]" pageId="65" pageNumber="2242">Nguma</collectingMunicipality>
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(Guma)
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<collectingCounty id="62F74E2EFFA1FFD1A189F9FB64483444" box="[1008,1099,1569,1593]" pageId="65" pageNumber="2242">Lagoon</collectingCounty>
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, 18
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57
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<superScript id="7C5C9BEAFFA1FFD1A2B6F9E660D03430" attach="none" box="[207,211,1596,1613]" fontSize="7" pageId="65" pageNumber="2242">′</superScript>
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43.2
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S, 22
|
||
<superScript id="7C5C9BEAFFA1FFD1A335F9E661573430" attach="left" box="[332,340,1596,1613]" fontSize="7" pageId="65" pageNumber="2242">◦</superScript>
|
||
22
|
||
<superScript id="7C5C9BEAFFA1FFD1A30BF9E661753430" attach="none" box="[370,374,1596,1613]" fontSize="7" pageId="65" pageNumber="2242">′</superScript>
|
||
26.1
|
||
<superScript id="7C5C9BEAFFA1FFD1A3DEF9E661B33430" attach="left" box="[423,432,1596,1613]" fontSize="7" pageId="65" pageNumber="2242">′′</superScript>
|
||
E
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFA1FFD2A2F6F959619D33A3" blockId="65.[143,1103,1666,1722]" lastBlockId="66.[211,1172,167,479]" lastPageId="66" lastPageNumber="2243" pageId="65" pageNumber="2242">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA1FFD1A2F6F959610034E7" box="[143,259,1667,1690]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="2242">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B413CFFFFA1FFD2A373F958619933A3" collectionCode="CPD, CPL, PAL, BD" lastPageId="66" lastPageNumber="2243" latitude="0.261" longLatPrecision="78" longitude="-0.348" pageId="65" pageNumber="2242" specimenCount="1">
|
||
Length of anal fin, LA, mean 0.264 (range
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1D5065FFA1FFD1A166F958635F34E7" box="[799,860,1666,1690]" degrees="0.247" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="65" pageNumber="2242" precision="55" value="0.247">0.247</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1D5065FFA1FFD1A125F95863A434E7" box="[860,935,1666,1690]" degrees="0.286" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="65" pageNumber="2242" precision="55" value="-0.286">–0.286</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) of SL; number of anal fin rays, nA, median 30 (range 27–32); head length, HL, mean 0.25 (range
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1D5065FFA2FFD2A350FF7D616532C2" box="[297,358,167,191]" degrees="0.232" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243" precision="55" value="0.232">0.232</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1D5065FFA2FFD2A31FFF7D61B232C2" box="[358,433,167,191]" degrees="0.274" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243" precision="55" value="-0.274">–0.274</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) of SL; depth of caudal peduncle,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED38AE67FFA2FFD2A111FF7D63A032C2" box="[872,931,167,191]" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243">CPD</collectionCode>
|
||
, mean 0.311 (range
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1D5065FFA2FFD2A2AAFF1D611332A2" box="[211,272,199,223]" degrees="0.264" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243" precision="55" value="0.264">0.264</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1D5065FFA2FFD2A369FF1D615832A2" box="[272,347,199,223]" degrees="0.349" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243" precision="55" value="-0.349">–0.349</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) of
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED38AE67FFA2FFD2A3F7FF1D61C532A2" box="[398,454,199,223]" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243">CPL</collectionCode>
|
||
, length of caudal peduncle; preanal length,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED38AE67FFA2FFD2A1B3FF1D640232A2" box="[970,1025,199,223]" country="Italy" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15292" name="Herbarium Mediterraneum Panormitanum" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243" type="Herbarium">PAL</collectionCode>
|
||
, mean 0.576 (range
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1D5065FFA2FFD2A35DFF3D61623282" box="[292,353,231,255]" degrees="0.538" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243" precision="55" value="0.538">0.538</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1D5065FFA2FFD2A318FF3D61AF3282" box="[353,428,231,255]" degrees="0.619" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243" precision="55" value="-0.619">–0.619</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) of SL; dorsal fin length, LD, mean 0.17 (range
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1D5065FFA2FFD2A19DFF3D64223282" box="[996,1057,231,255]" degrees="0.145" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243" precision="55" value="0.145">0.145</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1D5065FFA2FFD2A659FF3D64683282" box="[1056,1131,231,255]" degrees="0.195" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243" precision="55" value="-0.195">–0.195</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) of SL; number of scales around caudal peduncle, SPc, median 12 (range 12–12); body depth,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED38AE67FFA2FFD2A358FEF261493342" box="[289,330,296,319]" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243">BD</collectionCode>
|
||
, mean 0.291 (range
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1D5065FFA2FFD2A053FEFD62653342" box="[554,614,295,319]" degrees="0.261" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243" precision="55" value="0.261">0.261</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1D5065FFA2FFD2A01CFEFD62B23342" box="[613,689,295,319]" degrees="0.348" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243" precision="55" value="-0.348">–0.348</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) of SL; number of scales in lateral line row, SLS, median 37 (range 37–38). EOD characteristics at 25
|
||
<superScript id="7C5C9BEAFFA2FFD2A11FFE99636D3329" attach="right" box="[870,878,323,340]" fontSize="7" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243">◦</superScript>
|
||
C and “2% threshold criterion” (see Material and methods) for
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA2FFD2A0E4FEB262A93302" box="[669,682,360,383]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 2: peak amplitude of P2 phase, P2amp
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA2FFD2A2AAFE5260EB33E2" box="[211,232,392,415]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243"><</emphasis>
|
||
0.13 of P1amp, peak amplitude of P1 phase; duration of P1 phase, P1dur, range 161–202 µs; duration of N phase, Ndur, range 65–83 µs; duration of P2 phase, P2dur, range 294–343 µs
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFA2FFD2A2AAFDDD64123601" blockId="66.[211,1172,518,1148]" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA2FFD2A2AAFDDD61593063" box="[211,346,519,542]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Body oval shape (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13122A27FFA2FFD2A057FDDC62903063" box="[558,659,518,542]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[143,210,1254,1276]" captionText="Figure 2(A–D). Photographs of members of southern and eastern African Petrocephalus species studied (numbers refer to localities given in Figures 1, 6 and 9). (1) P. catostoma (Günther, 1866), Lectotype, BMNH 1863.10.12.4, right side, SL 4.7 cm. (2) P. stuhlmanni Boulenger, 1909, holotype, BMNH 1907.12.3.1, SL 7.9 cm. (3) P. wesselsi Kramer and Van der Bank, 2000, right side, SL 9.7 cm, SAIAB 85922 (R1). (7) P. longicapitis sp. nov., SMF 28265 (R1), SL 9 cm. (9) P. okavangensis sp. nov., holotype, SAIAB 030046, right side, SL 6.1 cm. (10) P. catostoma tanensis Whitehead and Greenwood, 1959, holotype, BMNH 1963.11.29.1, right side, SL 6.7 cm. (10a) P. tanensis, field no. Ta05na, SL 8.7 cm, SAIAB 85907. (12) P. longianalis sp. nov., holotype, SL 8.2 cm, right side, SAIAB 76758. (21) P. petersi sp. nov., holotype, SAIAB 060846, right side, SL 6.4 cm. (23) P. magnoculis sp. nov., SL 8.9 cm, ZSM 38659. (24) P. haullevillii Boulenger, 1912, BMNH 1912.4.1.186–188 (R1), right side, SL 5.7 cm. (25) P. steindachneri Fowler 1958, syntype, NMW 55118:3, right side, SL 6.4 cm. (26) P. stuhlmanni congicus David and Poll, 1937, syntype, MRAC 30807-30808, SL 7.8 cm. (27) P. degeni Boulenger, 1906, BMNH 1906.5.30.84, right side, SL 8.12 cm. (28) P. catostoma, SAIAB 73894 (R1), right side, SL 6.4 cm. (31) P. magnitrunci sp. nov., SL 8.5 cm, SAIAB 67069 (R5, right side), see map Figure 6. Scale bar, 1 cm." pageId="66" pageNumber="2243">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||
, no. 9). Head with distinctly pointed nose in most specimens, with a small ventrally positioned subterminal mouth, situated ventral to the eye; head and body dorsolaterally compressed. Dorsal fin (a) origin situated about two-thirds of standard length from snout, (b) obliquely orientated, anteriorly higher and posteriorly lower, (c) distal margin crescentic with anterior two or three rays longer than posterior rays, and (d) number of rays 20 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA2FFD2A1F1FD7D639630C3" box="[904,917,679,702]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 3), 21 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA2FFD2A669FD7D641E30C3" box="[1040,1053,679,702]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 13), 22 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA2FFD2A2A5FD1C60EA30A0" box="[220,233,710,733]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 15), 23 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA2FFD2A31EFD1C617730A0" box="[359,372,710,733]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 8), 24 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA2FFD2A39DFD1C61F230A0" box="[484,497,710,733]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 6). Anal fin (a) longer than dorsal fin, (b) opposite dorsal fin with slightly more anterior origin, (c) obliquely orientated, anteriorly lower and posteriorly higher, (d) anterior 10 or so rays longer than posterior ones, especially in males where they also appear stronger, (e) margin broadly rounded, (f) rays posterior to first 10 with distal margin straight, (g) number of rays 27 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA2FFD2A1E1FC9C63A63120" box="[920,933,838,861]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 1), 28 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA2FFD2A666FC9C642F3120" box="[1055,1068,838,861]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 1), 29 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA2FFD2A2A5FCBC60EA3100" box="[220,233,870,893]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 6), 30 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA2FFD2A323FCBC61643100" box="[346,359,870,893]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 21), 31 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA2FFD2A39CFCBC61F13100" box="[485,498,870,893]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 12), 32 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA2FFD2A009FCBC627E3100" box="[624,637,870,893]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 4). Forked tail fin with rounded lobes. Scales cycloid with reticulate striae, scales extending anteriorly to operculum and pectoral fins (beyond pelvic fins). Scales in lateral series, 37 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA2FFD2A177FC7C631831C0" box="[782,795,934,957]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 2), 38 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA2FFD2A1F0FC7C639531C0" box="[905,918,934,957]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 1). Scales on caudal peduncle circumference, 12 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA2FFD2A062FC1F622B31A1" box="[539,552,965,988]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 45). Caudal peduncle slender, subcylindrical entire length, usually 20.7% (18.2–23%) of SL (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6AB0319FFA2FFD2A0E4FC3E62EC3181" box="[669,751,996,1020]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="18.[58,113,442,464]" captionText="Table 1. Morphometrics of the southern and eastern African Petrocephalus species." pageId="66" pageNumber="2243">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). Electric organ discharge a triphasic pulse with strong head-positive phase P1 followed by head-negative main phase N, and very weak head-positive P2 phase (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13122A27FFA2FFD2A0F1FBFE62FB3641" box="[648,760,1060,1084]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="43.[143,210,932,954]" captionTargetBox="[153,1096,175,895]" captionTargetId="graphics-5@43.[570,1092,439,864]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="Figure 10. Differentiation within Petrocephalus wesselsi of different South African origins, studied using Principal Component (PCA) and Discriminant (DA) Analyses, as compared with another species (P. longicapitis sp. nov., Namibia, Upper Zambezi). Circles in DA, 95% confidence circles to contain true mean of group. (A) PCA and (B) DA on correlations among anatomical characters. (C) PCA and (D) DA same as (A) and (B), respectively, but for analyses on characters of Electric Organ Discharges (EODs). Green M symbols, specimens from Mokolo (Mogol) River (n = 48; 43, i.e. 48 for anatomy and 43 for EOD); blue-green N symbols, Nwanedzi River (n = 9; 0); orange B symbols, Blyde River (n = 5; 5); red S symbols, Sabie River (n = 44; 39); blue Z symbols, P. longicapitis sp. nov. from the Upper Zambezi (type locality Katima Mulilo; n = 38; 42); bluer shade of blue-green coloured U symbols, specimens from Mbuluzi River, Swaziland (n = 4; 0). Excluded from DA but shown on DA graphs: lilac G symbols, Groot Letaba River (n = 2; 2); sand-coloured L symbols, Lepalala River (n = 2;1); redder shade of lilac P symbol, Pongola River (n = 1; 1). The 15 anatomical characters included in the anatomical analyses were: PDL/SL, PAL/SL, LD/SL, LA/SL, pD/SL, CPL/SL, CPD/CPL, LSc/HL, LSo/HL, HL/Na, HL/SL, BD/SL, nD, nA, SPc. The characters used in the EOD analyses were: Namp, P2amp, P1dur, Ndur, P2dur, P1Nsep, P1P2sep, NP2sep, P1area, Narea, P2 area." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4590852" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4590852/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243">Figure 10</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pulse duration mean 574 (520–628) µs in females (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA2FFD2A300FB9F61853621" box="[377,390,1093,1116]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 2); 25
|
||
<superScript id="7C5C9BEAFFA2FFD2A390FB9A61F2362C" attach="right" box="[489,497,1088,1105]" fontSize="7" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243">◦</superScript>
|
||
C, 2% threshold criterion). Males with kink in anal fin base which is absent in juveniles and females where the anal fin base is straight.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFA2FFD2A2AAFB7E61133766" blockId="66.[211,1172,1187,1307]" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA2FFD2A2AAFB7E61D536C1" box="[211,470,1188,1212]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243">Colour in preservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Between ochre and light brown. Some preserved specimens’ dark spot below dorsal fin origin seems to have faded. Present at least in some individuals in all samples referable to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFA2FFD2A012FB3E63183681" authority="Kramer & Bills & Skelton & Wink, 2012" authorityName="Kramer & Bills & Skelton & Wink" authorityYear="2012" box="[619,795,1252,1276]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="okavangensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA2FFD2A012FB3E63183681" box="[619,795,1252,1276]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243">P. okavangensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26E57CBFFA2FFD2A15FFB3E63823686" box="[806,897,1252,1275]" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, even when sampled in 1983.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFA2FFD2A2AAFA99648E37C7" blockId="66.[211,1172,1347,1467]" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA2FFD2A2AAFA99616C3726" box="[211,367,1347,1371]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243">Colour in life.</emphasis>
|
||
Grey-silver or brownish-silver, then with gold-olive hue, anal fin base emphasized by black line, less distinct for dorsal fin base, first few rays of unpaired fins darker, irregular shaped dark spot under dorsal fin origin, sometimes visible only on one body side, throat and belly very fair, back dark, paired fins light and transparent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFA2FFD3A2AAFA3960F83282" blockId="66.[211,1172,1502,1691]" lastBlockId="67.[143,1104,167,255]" lastPageId="67" lastPageNumber="2244" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA2FFD2A2AAFA3961313786" box="[211,306,1507,1531]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243">Ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
Guma Lagoon is a large (approximately
|
||
<quantity id="4CD19B47FFA2FFD2A16DFA3863523787" box="[788,849,1506,1530]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243" unit="km" value="1.0">1 km</quantity>
|
||
<superScript id="7C5C9BEAFFA2FFD2A129FA04635A3792" attach="left" box="[848,857,1502,1519]" fontSize="7" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243">2</superScript>
|
||
) lagoon at the edge of the floodplain at the lower
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EDF840FFA2FFD2A3A5F9D8624C3467" box="[476,591,1538,1562]" country="Namibia" name="Kavango West" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243">Okavango</collectingRegion>
|
||
panhandle. It is on the Thoage channel, which is a thin, deep meandering channel off the main
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EDF840FFA2FFD2A0C4F9F863333447" box="[701,816,1570,1594]" country="Namibia" name="Kavango West" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243">Okavango</collectingRegion>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EDF840FFA2FFD2A14FF9F863753447" box="[822,886,1570,1594]" country="Gambia" name="Upper River" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243">River</collectingRegion>
|
||
. Although the lagoon has an inflow channel there is no obvious ouflow point with water seeping out along the southeastern edge. Water flows within the lagoon are effectively nil. The majority of the lagoon is fringed with papyrus and varied emergent vegetation.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFA2FFD2A1B8F958645934E7" authorityName="Kramer and Van der Bank" authorityYear="2000" box="[961,1114,1666,1690]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA2FFD2A1B8F958645934E7" box="[961,1114,1666,1690]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="2243">Petrocephalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were collected under papyrus root stocks. According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B53FFA3FFD3A0B2FF7D63AE32C2" author="Skelton PH & Bruton MN & Merron GS & Van der Waal BCW" box="[715,941,167,191]" pageId="67" pageNumber="2244" pagination="1 - 21" refId="ref46220" refString="Skelton PH, Bruton MN, Merron GS, Van der Waal BCW. 1985. The fishes of the Okavango drainage system in Angola, South West Africa and Botswana: taxonomy and distribution. Ichthyol Bull JLB Smith Inst Ichthyol. 50: 1 - 21." type="journal article" year="1985">Skelton et al. (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
“
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFA3FFD3A1BBFF72644C32C2" authorityName=": Boulenger" authorityYear="1898" box="[962,1103,168,191]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="67" pageNumber="2244" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="catostoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA3FFD3A1BBFF72644C32C2" box="[962,1103,168,191]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="2244">P. catostoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(or a form thereof)” is a fairly hardy and eurytopic species, common in both swamp and river.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFA3FFD3A2F6FEF06202301D" blockId="67.[143,1104,297,608]" pageId="67" pageNumber="2244">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA3FFD3A2F6FEF0611F333F" box="[143,284,298,322]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="2244">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
The species is presently known from Popa Falls in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EDF840FFA3FFD3A12AFEF363A4333C" box="[851,935,297,321]" country="Namibia" name="Zambezi" pageId="67" pageNumber="2244">Caprivi</collectingRegion>
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA3FFD3A1D1FEF063B7333F" box="[936,948,298,322]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="2244">/</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33E7632FFA3FFD3A1CDFEF36419333C" box="[948,1050,297,321]" name="Namibia" pageId="67" pageNumber="2244">Namibia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and from the point where the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EDF840FFA3FFD3A3B8FE936237331C" box="[449,564,329,353]" country="Namibia" name="Kavango West" pageId="67" pageNumber="2244">Okavango</collectingRegion>
|
||
River fans out to form the delta (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33E7632FFA3FFD3A1A9FE936440331C" box="[976,1091,329,353]" name="Botswana" pageId="67" pageNumber="2244">Botswana</collectingCountry>
|
||
), and also from the northeastern sections of the delta, such as Gadikwe Lagoon and Xakanixa (Xakanaxa). According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B53FFA3FFD3A033FE53633C33DC" author="Skelton PH & Bruton MN & Merron GS & Van der Waal BCW" box="[586,831,393,417]" pageId="67" pageNumber="2244" pagination="1 - 21" refId="ref46220" refString="Skelton PH, Bruton MN, Merron GS, Van der Waal BCW. 1985. The fishes of the Okavango drainage system in Angola, South West Africa and Botswana: taxonomy and distribution. Ichthyol Bull JLB Smith Inst Ichthyol. 50: 1 - 21." type="journal article" year="1985">Skelton et al. (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, this species (or forms thereof) ranges much more widely (from north to south): it is present in Angolan headwaters of the Okavango, in the Namibian Okavango, in riverine floodplains of the Okavango (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33E7632FFA3FFD3A345FE3361AC307C" box="[316,431,489,513]" name="Botswana" pageId="67" pageNumber="2244">Botswana</collectingCountry>
|
||
), in its permanent swamps, in the delta’s southern drainage rivers, in Lake Ngami in the southwest of the delta, and, following the course of the Botleti River, even in the distant southeast of the delta, Lake Xau
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA3FFD3A1D4FDF363BA303C" box="[941,953,553,577]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="2244">/</emphasis>
|
||
Mopipi Dam (Makgadikgadi Salt Pan region).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFA3FFD3A2F6FD5163C230DE" blockId="67.[143,961,651,675]" box="[143,961,651,675]" pageId="67" pageNumber="2244">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA3FFD3A2F6FD51610E30DE" box="[143,269,651,675]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="2244">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The species name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFA3FFD3A3A6FD51626C30DE" authorityName="Kramer & Bills & Skelton & Wink" authorityYear="2012" box="[479,623,651,675]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="67" pageNumber="2244" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="okavangensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA3FFD3A3A6FD51626C30DE" box="[479,623,651,675]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="2244">okavangensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
refers to the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EDF840FFA3FFD3A17BFD51637630DE" box="[770,885,651,675]" country="Namibia" name="Kavango West" pageId="67" pageNumber="2244">Okavango</collectingRegion>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EDF840FFA3FFD3A105FD5163BF30DE" box="[892,956,651,675]" country="Gambia" name="Upper River" pageId="67" pageNumber="2244">River</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFA3FFD3A2F6FD1463F531F8" blockId="67.[143,1104,717,901]" pageId="67" pageNumber="2244">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA3FFD3A2F6FD146232309B" box="[143,561,718,742]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="2244">
|
||
Remarks.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFA3FFD3A379FD146232309B" authority="Kramer & Bills & Skelton & Wink, 2012" authorityName="Kramer & Bills & Skelton & Wink" authorityYear="2012" box="[256,561,718,742]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="67" pageNumber="2244" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="okavangensis" status="sp. nov.">Petrocephalus okavangensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26E57CBFFA3FFD3A041FD14628D3098" box="[568,654,718,741]" pageId="67" pageNumber="2244" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
in comparison with the other species is characterized by a very long LA, high nA, short HL, low CPD, shorter PAL and LD than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFA3FFD3A2B0FCD461603158" authority="Kramer & Bills & Skelton & Wink, 2012" authorityName="Kramer & Bills & Skelton & Wink" authorityYear="2012" box="[201,355,781,805]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="67" pageNumber="2244" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicapitis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA3FFD3A2B0FCD461603158" box="[201,355,781,805]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="2244">P. longicapitis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26E57CBFFA3FFD3A313FCD461C23158" box="[362,449,782,805]" pageId="67" pageNumber="2244" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, low SPc. EOD with weak P2amp (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA3FFD3A137FCD463603158" box="[846,867,782,805]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="2244"><</emphasis>
|
||
13% of P1amp), long P1dur (161–202 µs) and Ndur (65–83 µs), all different from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFA3FFD3A154FCF463C53138" authority="Kramer & Bills & Skelton & Wink, 2012" authorityName="Kramer & Bills & Skelton & Wink" authorityYear="2012" box="[813,966,813,837]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="67" pageNumber="2244" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicapitis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA3FFD3A154FCF463C53138" box="[813,966,813,837]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="2244">P. longicapitis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26E57CBFFA3FFD3A1B5FCF4641C3138" box="[972,1055,814,837]" pageId="67" pageNumber="2244" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFA3FFD3A2F6FC9461013118" box="[143,258,846,869]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="67" pageNumber="2244" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA3FFD3A2F6FC9461013118" box="[143,258,846,869]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="2244">P. tanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and more similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFA3FFD3A396FC94625C3118" box="[495,607,845,869]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="67" pageNumber="2244" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wesselsi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA3FFD3A396FC94625C3118" box="[495,607,845,869]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="2244">P. wesselsi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. If present, dark spot below dorsal fin origin seems to be distinctive with regard to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFA3FFD3A04FFCB462D531F8" authority="Kramer & Bills & Skelton & Wink, 2012" authorityName="Kramer & Bills & Skelton & Wink" authorityYear="2012" box="[566,726,878,901]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="67" pageNumber="2244" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="magnitrunci" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA3FFD3A04FFCB462D531F8" box="[566,726,878,901]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="2244">P. magnitrunci</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26E57CBFFA3FFD3A0A4FCB4633231F8" box="[733,817,878,901]" pageId="67" pageNumber="2244" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
that lacks a spot.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |