461 lines
54 KiB
XML
461 lines
54 KiB
XML
<document id="10D18CE8871B4F662E6B87CF9FC23578" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.188300" ID-GBIF-Dataset="94399717-4170-49a8-81f4-5d94b701a1db" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="188300" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461087766959" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Kraus, Fred & Allison, Allen" docDate="2009" docId="03CE87E0CC3BFFF4FF3DCB8FFDB089C7" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02128p038.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2128" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Cophixalus kethuk Kraus & Allison, 2009, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="8" masterDocId="FFF7FF98CC3EFFF3FFAACE1BFF858E33" masterDocTitle="New species of Cophixalus (Anura: Microhylidae) from Papua New Guinea" masterLastPageNumber="38" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="6" updateTime="1698588117876" updateUser="plazi">
|
||
<mods:mods id="CA0D0205BB5FB04F4BD09CEB1C082333" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="5FF504EE946556BA94417E3CE3C7A3C1">
|
||
<mods:title id="EBE349D3DFEFFD7FC5102188A0D6D07E">New species of Cophixalus (Anura: Microhylidae) from Papua New Guinea</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="A7094D2F0CBC796B129EBABC22FD38B2" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="BCC371BA9051CB422AE3F5C9D85C85B4">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="255D1E43740309B7FE226114FB088646">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="1287FE4FEF844613FF85376C43C1FD1A">Kraus, Fred</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="B1C342A2C467726A3EBCD6D852D77673" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="6C98810B43557CAB12D3D7B2498A194F">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="595B9D1E80ED45DF0DDDE5DB3F9CE097">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="42C9F5C6458FD9649835340259D3E936">Allison, Allen</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="87D1EDB1B0814C04E15B9F4647908A20">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="1839C7255C37F71ECBC15FB1D6E0BBA1" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="FE13B5B80EA6585F180970501F89EB7E">
|
||
<mods:title id="371CFAE3A5EABAA65B87AFEB7F01BBC7">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="1C78DC91FEB5F11D3D05199D4066525A">
|
||
<mods:date id="3A7B46FE0740D9A70A1D5ACA54C5CF7B">2009</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="4557F59B0EB31020F6B47A42F1573A09" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="CAED10CBA64D381B3F543A834288B022">2128</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="5D1B489D16B48711F67D5F68A3E8F34E" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="333E96EF8133C53D7C2C05C2F651777A">1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="ACC6FD8D41DBCF7B7E2CC999BEF1F45B">38</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="B20EC7390CC5C107E6F18E24B3031911">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="ABE40CBD8DE84FE3501058AB35516A0E" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.188300</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="AD60815F084593306495D5DB13E78197" type="GBIF-Dataset">94399717-4170-49a8-81f4-5d94b701a1db</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="76FDD46C8E5D5EEA1ECBCF55857DE382" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="2D2147A4F32E9CA8F4380D6CFF8554E2" type="Zenodo-Dep">188300</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="03CE87E0CC3BFFF4FF3DCB8FFDB089C7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6223197" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119619441" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6223197" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CE87E0CC3BFFF4FF3DCB8FFDB089C7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CE87E0CC3BFFF4FF3DCB8FFDB089C7" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37D657DCC3BFFF6FF3DCB8FFF6B8BE3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD836F6CC3BFFF6FF3DCB8FFE628B9E" blockId="5.[151,487,1427,1488]" box="[151,487,1427,1454]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<heading id="D090819ACC3BFFF6FF3DCB8FFE628B9E" bold="true" box="[151,487,1427,1454]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE4CC3BFFF6FF3DCB8FFE628B9E" bold="true" box="[151,487,1427,1454]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D75CC3BFFF6FF3DCB8FFEF98B9D" ID-CoL="Y44D" box="[151,380,1428,1454]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Cophixalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kethuk" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE4CC3BFFF6FF3DCB8FFEF98B9D" bold="true" box="[151,380,1428,1454]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Cophixalus kethuk</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A220579FCC3BFFF6FE20CB88FE628B9E" box="[394,487,1427,1453]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD836F6CC3BFFF6FF3DCBADFF6B8BE3" blockId="5.[151,487,1427,1488]" box="[151,238,1462,1488]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<figureCitation id="135C2A73CC3BFFF6FF3DCBADFF528BE3" box="[151,215,1462,1488]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,257,1833,1857]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,274,1806]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,274,1808]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Photos in life of (A) holotype of Cophixalus cupricarenus (BPBM 20223), (B) paratype of Cophixalus cupricarenus (BPBM 20208), (C) paratype of Cophixalus kethuk (BPBM 20202), (D) paratype of Cophixalus iovaorum (BPBM 19280), (E) paratype of Cophixalus desticans (BPBM 15703), and (F) paratype of Cophixalus desticans (BPBM 16434)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/188301/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
C
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37D657DCC3BFFF6FF3DC818FAE588EC" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD836F6CC3BFFF6FF3DC818FAD28877" blockId="5.[151,1437,1539,1991]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE4CC3BFFF6FF3DC818FE96882E" bold="true" box="[151,275,1539,1565]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DC8854CC3BFFF6FF3DC818FE96882E" box="[151,275,1539,1565]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED76AE33CC3BFFF6FE8EC81FFEFF882D" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[292,378,1540,1566]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">BPBM</collectionCode>
|
||
20203 (field tag FK 10468), adult male, collected by F. Kraus along Rupu River,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE535031CC3BFFF6FF3DC831FEA58877" box="[151,288,1578,1604]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="1" value="-11.33537">11.33537ºS</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE535031CC3BFFF6FE81C831FE328877" box="[299,439,1578,1604]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="5" value="154.2247">154.2247ºE</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9F9B13CC3BFFF6FE69C831FD958877" box="[451,528,1578,1604]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="280.0">280 m</quantity>
|
||
, Rossel Island, Milne Bay Province,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3707666CC3BFFF6FC68C831FB228877" box="[962,1191,1578,1604]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFD91036CC3BFFF6FB19C831FAD68877" box="[1203,1363,1578,1604]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2004-05-15">15 May 2004</date>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD836F6CC3BFFF6FF6CC84BFAE588EC" blockId="5.[151,1437,1539,1991]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE4CC3BFFF6FF6CC84BFE2F8859" bold="true" box="[198,426,1616,1642]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DC8854CC3BFFF6FF6CC84BFEC68859" box="[198,323,1616,1642]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
(n = 10)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED76AE33CC3BFFF6FE12C84AFD8C8858" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[440,521,1617,1643]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">BPBM</collectionCode>
|
||
20200–01, Damunu,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE535031CC3BFFF6FCADC84AFC288858" box="[775,941,1617,1643]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="1" value="-11.365036">11.3650362ºS</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE535031CC3BFFF6FC13C84AFBF48858" box="[953,1137,1617,1643]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="1" value="154.00137">154.0013736ºE</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9F9B13CC3BFFF6FBD6C84AFB528858" box="[1148,1239,1617,1643]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="20.0" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="0.0">0–40 m</quantity>
|
||
, Rossel Island,
|
||
<date id="FFD91036CC3BFFF6FA27C84AFE9788A1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2004-05-01">1 May 2004</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED76AE33CC3BFFF6FEB4C863FEF588A1" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[286,368,1656,1682]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">BPBM</collectionCode>
|
||
20202, W slope Mt. Rossel,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE535031CC3BFFF6FD6CC863FCCA88A1" box="[710,847,1656,1682]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="1" value="-11.35435">11.35435ºS</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE535031CC3BFFF6FCF1C863FC7088A1" box="[859,1013,1656,1682]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="1" value="154.22314">154.22315ºE</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9F9B13CC3BFFF6FBABC863FBCB88A1" box="[1025,1102,1656,1682]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="640.0">640 m</quantity>
|
||
, Rossel Island,
|
||
<date id="FFD91036CC3BFFF6FAACC863FA1288A1" box="[1286,1431,1656,1682]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2004-05-09">9 May 2004</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED76AE33CC3BFFF6FF3DC885FF6C888B" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[151,233,1694,1720]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">BPBM</collectionCode>
|
||
20204, between Rupu River and Gobubob,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE535031CC3BFFF6FD5DC885FC07888B" box="[759,898,1694,1720]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="1" value="-11.33537">11.33537ºS</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE535031CC3BFFF6FC24C885FBAC888B" box="[910,1065,1694,1720]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="1" value="154.22343">154.22343ºE</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9F9B13CC3BFFF6FB9CC885FB00888B" box="[1078,1157,1694,1720]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="280.0">280 m</quantity>
|
||
, Rossel Island,
|
||
<date id="FFD91036CC3BFFF6FAEAC885FF5088EC" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2004-05-16">16 May 2004</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED76AE33CC3BFFF6FF4BC8DEFEB688EC" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[225,307,1733,1759]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">BPBM</collectionCode>
|
||
20205–07,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED76AE33CC3BFFF6FE14C8DEFDAD88EC" box="[446,552,1733,1759]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">PNGNM</collectionCode>
|
||
24049–51, same data as
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED76AE33CC3BFFF6FCE4C8DEFC2588EC" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[846,928,1733,1759]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">BPBM</collectionCode>
|
||
20204 except collected
|
||
<date id="FFD91036CC3BFFF6FB16C8DEFAD988EC" box="[1212,1372,1733,1759]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2004-05-17">17 May 2004</date>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37D657DCC3BFFF5FF6CC8F0FE468C9B" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD836F6CC3BFFF6FF6CC8F0FD5589F4" blockId="5.[151,1437,1539,1991]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE4CC3BFFF6FF6CC8F0FEC38936" bold="true" box="[198,326,1771,1797]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
A small species (male SV =
|
||
<quantity id="4C9F9B13CC3BFFF6FD05C8F7FCDA8935" box="[687,863,1772,1798]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.295" metricValueMax="1.35" metricValueMin="1.24" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="12.95" valueMax="13.5" valueMin="12.4">12.4–13.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, female SV = 13.2–15.0 mm) with finger discs smaller than toe discs (3rdF/4thT = 0.57–0.68); first finger lacking a disc and circum-marginal groove; toes basally webbed; snout wide (EN/IN = 0.75–0.92); head narrow (HW/SV = 0.35–0.38); dorsum smooth, with wide, dark hourglass marking on dorsolateral surface; side of face dark with light speckles; and call a series of 12–13 notes like striking pebbles together, delivered with a decreasing interval toward the end that gives the impression of a marble falling on a hard surface.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD836F6CC38FFF5FF6CCE8CFE468C9B" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2004]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE4CC38FFF5FF6CCE8CFDE58E82" bold="true" box="[198,608,151,177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Comparisons with other species.</emphasis>
|
||
The new species differs from all other Papuan
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D75CC38FFF5FB36CE83FAA78E82" box="[1180,1314,152,177]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Cophixalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE4CC38FFF5FB36CE83FAA78E82" box="[1180,1314,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Cophixalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
except
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D75CC38FFF5FA2BCE83FDA08EEB" authority="Kraus and Allison" authorityName="Kraus and Allison" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Cophixalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bewaniensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE4CC38FFF5FA2BCE83FEB48EEB" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. bewaniensis</emphasis>
|
||
Kraus and Allison
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D75CC38FFF5FD98CEA4FCBA8EEB" authority="Gunther" authorityName="Gunther" box="[562,831,190,216]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Cophixalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="humicola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE4CC38FFF5FD98CEA4FD488EEB" box="[562,717,191,216]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. humicola</emphasis>
|
||
Günther
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D75CC38FFF5FCE6CEA4FBC28EEB" authority="Zweifel" authorityName="Zweifel" box="[844,1095,190,216]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Cophixalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pipilans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE4CC38FFF5FCE6CEA4FC5D8EEB" box="[844,984,191,216]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. pipilans</emphasis>
|
||
Zweifel
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D75CC38FFF5FBFECEA4FAB98EEB" authority="Zweifel" authorityName="Zweifel" box="[1108,1340,190,216]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Cophixalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shellyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE4CC38FFF5FBFECEA4FB4B8EEB" box="[1108,1230,191,216]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. shellyi</emphasis>
|
||
Zweifel
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D75CC38FFF5FA2ACEA4FEFE8ECC" authority="Gunther" authorityName="Gunther" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Cophixalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tridactylus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE4CC38FFF5FA2ACEA4FE918ECD" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. tridactylus</emphasis>
|
||
Günther
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the combination of having a first finger lacking a disc with circum-marginal groove and the finger discs distinctly smaller than the toe discs. From
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D75CC38FFF5FCE8CF17FC718F16" box="[834,1012,268,293]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Cophixalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bewaniensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE4CC38FFF5FCE8CF17FC718F16" box="[834,1012,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. bewaniensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D75CC38FFF5FBA8CF17FB148F16" box="[1026,1169,268,293]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Cophixalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="humicola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE4CC38FFF5FBA8CF17FB148F16" box="[1026,1169,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. humicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D75CC38FFF5FB7BCF17FAF48F16" box="[1233,1393,268,293]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Cophixalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tridactylus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE4CC38FFF5FB7BCF17FAF48F16" box="[1233,1393,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. tridactylus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the new species differs in retaining a recognizable first finger instead of a nub. From
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D75CC38FFF5FBCCCF29FB6D8F78" box="[1126,1256,306,331]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Cophixalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pipilans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE4CC38FFF5FBCCCF29FB6D8F78" box="[1126,1256,306,331]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. pipilans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D75CC38FFF5FA81CF29FA198F78" box="[1323,1436,306,331]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Cophixalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shellyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE4CC38FFF5FA81CF29FA198F78" box="[1323,1436,306,331]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. shellyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the new species differs in lacking a uniformly black face and in having dark hourglass-shaped markings on the dorsolateral surface. The only other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D75CC38FFF5FDCBCF9BFD6A8FAA" box="[609,751,384,409]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Cophixalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE4CC38FFF5FDCBCF9BFD6A8FAA" box="[609,751,384,409]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Cophixalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
having a dark hourglass pattern dorsally is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D75CC38FFF5FAB2CF9BFF7C8FF3" authority="Gunther" authorityName="Gunther" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Cophixalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tetzlaffi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE4CC38FFF5FAB2CF9BFA198FAA" box="[1304,1436,384,409]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. tetzlaffi</emphasis>
|
||
Günther
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a species of larger size (males to
|
||
<quantity id="4C9F9B13CC38FFF5FD26CFBDFD5A8FF3" box="[652,735,422,448]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="23.0">23 mm</quantity>
|
||
SV) and with the finger discs wider than the toe discs. The only other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D75CC38FFF5FE8ACFD6FE288FD5" box="[288,429,461,486]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Cophixalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE4CC38FFF5FE8ACFD6FE288FD5" box="[288,429,461,486]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Cophixalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
having toe webbing is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D75CC38FFF5FD79CFD6FC6C8FD4" authority="Zweifel." authorityName="Zweifel." box="[723,1001,461,487]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Cophixalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tagulensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE4CC38FFF5FD79CFD6FCF38FD5" box="[723,886,461,486]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. tagulensis</emphasis>
|
||
Zweifel.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D75CC38FFF5FC5BCFD6FB5D8FD5" box="[1009,1240,461,486]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Cophixalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kethuk">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE4CC38FFF5FC5BCFD6FB5D8FD5" box="[1009,1240,461,486]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Cophixalus kethuk</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D75CC38FFF5FA2ACFD6FE8B8C3E" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Cophixalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tagulensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE4CC38FFF5FA2ACFD6FE8B8C3E" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. tagulensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in its smaller size (male SV =
|
||
<quantity id="4C9F9B13CC38FFF5FDD0CFEFFCA38C3D" box="[634,806,500,526]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.81" metricValueMax="1.85" metricValueMin="1.77" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="18.1" valueMax="18.5" valueMin="17.7">17.7–18.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D75CC38FFF5FCE6CFEFFC638C3E" box="[844,998,500,525]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Cophixalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tagulensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE4CC38FFF5FCE6CFEFFC638C3E" box="[844,998,500,525]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. tagulensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), wider snout (EN/IN =
|
||
<quantity id="4C9F9B13CC38FFF5FAA2CFEFFA198C3D" box="[1288,1436,500,526]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" metricValueMax="2.7178" metricValueMin="2.3622" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="in" value="1.0" valueMax="1.07" valueMin="0.93">0.93–1.07 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D75CC38FFF5FF3DCC01FEB58C00" box="[151,304,538,563]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Cophixalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tagulensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE4CC38FFF5FF3DCC01FEB58C00" box="[151,304,538,563]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. tagulensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), narrower head (HW/SV =
|
||
<quantity id="4C9F9B13CC38FFF5FD2BCC01FC908C07" box="[641,789,538,564]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0795" metricValueMax="1.0922" metricValueMin="1.0668" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="in" value="0.425" valueMax="0.43" valueMin="0.42">0.42–0.43 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D75CC38FFF5FCB7CC01FC2E8C00" box="[797,939,538,563]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Cophixalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tagulenis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE4CC38FFF5FCB7CC01FC2E8C00" box="[797,939,538,563]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. tagulenis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), absence of a disc on first finger (present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D75CC38FFF5FF1FCC5AFECA8C69" box="[181,335,577,602]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Cophixalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tagulensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE4CC38FFF5FF1FCC5AFECA8C69" box="[181,335,577,602]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. tagulensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), toes with only basal webbing (half-webbed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D75CC38FFF5FC27CC5AFBA28C69" box="[909,1063,577,602]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Cophixalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tagulensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE4CC38FFF5FC27CC5AFBA28C69" box="[909,1063,577,602]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. tagulensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), finger discs distinctly smaller than toe discs (slightly smaller in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D75CC38FFF5FD97CC73FD5A8CB2" box="[573,735,616,641]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Cophixalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tagulensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE4CC38FFF5FD97CC73FD5A8CB2" box="[573,735,616,641]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. tagulensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and dark stippling of venter in mottled pattern (evenly stippled in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D75CC38FFF5FEB3CC94FE378C9B" box="[281,434,655,680]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Cophixalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tagulensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE4CC38FFF5FEB3CC94FE378C9B" box="[281,434,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. tagulensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37D657DCC38FFF4FF6CCCAEFB16888C" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD836F6CC38FFF5FF6CCCAEFD988ADC" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2004]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE4CC38FFF5FF6CCCAEFE758CFC" bold="true" box="[198,496,693,719]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Description of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DC8854CC38FFF5FE2FCCAEFE758CFC" box="[389,496,693,719]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. An adult male with small right-lateral incision, vocal slits. Head moderately wide (HW/SV = 0.38), with oblique loreal region; canthus rostralis rounded, straight when viewed from above; nostrils directed laterally, closer to tip of snout than to eyes; internarial distance larger than distance from naris to eye (EN/IN = 0.92, IN/SV = 0.094, EN/SV = 0.087); snout slightly rounded when viewed from the side, truncate when viewed from above; eyes moderately large (EY/SV = 0.13); eyelid approximately 2/3 width of interorbital distance; tympanum small (TY/SV = 0.047), anterior and ventral margins of annulus distinct, posterior and dorsal margins largely hidden. Dorsal, lateral, and ventral surfaces smooth; supratympanic fold absent. Fingers unwebbed; relative lengths 3>4>2>1; bearing discs with terminal grooves on F2–F4; first finger somewhat reduced, lacking disc; finger discs barely wider than penultimate phalanges. Subarticular tubercles low and indistinct; metacarpal tubercles distinct, inner elongate, outer round and positioned centrally away from margin of palm. Toes with basal webbing, bearing discs with terminal grooves; relative lengths 4>3>5>2>1. Toe discs considerably larger than those of fingers (3rd F/4thT = 0.57); disc of fourth toe approximately 1.5 times width of penultimate phalanx; disc of first toe slightly wider than penultimate phalanx. Subarticular tubercles low; inner metatarsal tubercle oval, outer lacking.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3707666CC38FFF5FA8CCAB4FAE68AFA" box="[1318,1379,1199,1225]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Hind</collectingCountry>
|
||
legs moderately long (TL/SV = 0.46).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD836F6CC38FFF5FF6CCAE7FC518817" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2004]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Dorsum medium brown, vaguely clouded with slightly darker brown, and with an obscure V-shaped blotch medial to but just posterior to eyes; with two broad dorsolateral stripes of dark brown, these constricted medially in scapular region such that the mid-dorsal ground forms an hourglass pattern; these dorsolateral dark stripes sharpely margined medially, gradually fading and irregularly broken laterally. Lower sides dark brown spotted with white. Face dark brown flecked with white. Most of tympanum dark brown; anteroventral third white punctated with brown. Front and rear of thighs dark brown spotted with white on ventral half. Venter and undersides of legs with a dirty white ground color heavily flecked with dark brown, giving appearance of dark-brown venter evenly spotted with white. Iris black.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD836F6CC38FFF5FF6CC82AFDB1884B" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2004]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE4CC38FFF5FF6CC82AFE5F8879" box="[198,474,1585,1610]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Measurements (in mm).</emphasis>
|
||
SV = 12.7, TL= 5.9, HW = 4.8, HL = 4.3, IN = 1.2, EN = 1.1, SN = 1.7, EY = 1.6, TY = 0.6, 3rd F = 0.36, 4th T = 0.63.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD836F6CC38FFF5FF6CC89FFD4E89B5" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2004]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE4CC38FFF5FF6CC89FFEC488AD" bold="true" box="[198,321,1668,1694]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Variation.</emphasis>
|
||
Mensural variation for the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DC8854CC38FFF5FD26C89FFD3A88AD" box="[652,703,1668,1694]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series is shown in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6E5034DCC38FFF5FC09C89FFC7B88AD" box="[931,1022,1668,1694]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,239,422,446]" captionTargetBox="[151,1322,516,1136]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="TABLE 2. Mensural data for type series of Cophixalus kethuk sp. nov. Data include only adult animals." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF18667ECC39FFF4FF3DCFBDFB698F8E" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" tableUuid="DF18667ECC39FFF4FF3DCFBDFB698F8E">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
. Color patterns are rather uniform; specimens differ primarily in their degree of melanization, so that some specimens are lighter overall than the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DC8854CC38FFF5FF3DC8C9FE8488DF" box="[151,257,1746,1772]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, with the dark dorsolateral stripes not extending so far ventrally on the sides. Most specimens have the dark V-shaped interocular blotch more distinctly developed than the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DC8854CC38FFF5FC5FC8E2FBB28920" box="[1013,1079,1785,1811]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">types</typeStatus>
|
||
. Degree of brown flecking on the ventral surfaces varies such that lightly melanized specimens appear to have almost white venters vaguely clouded with light brown, while darker specimens have the same appearance as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DC8854CC38FFF5FB2FC95DFB758953" box="[1157,1264,1862,1888]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, looking to be dark brown ventrally with scattered white spots.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD836F6CC38FFF4FF6CC988FDD08F40" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2004]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,152,371]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE4CC38FFF5FF6CC988FEE1899E" bold="true" box="[198,356,1939,1965]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Color in life.</emphasis>
|
||
BPBM 20200: “Dorsum mud brown, mottled with dark gray, creating hourglass pattern out of dorsal color. Iris brown with red rim around pupil. Venter dark gray with numerous light gray flecks.” BPBM 20201 had the dorsum muddy orange-brown and the iris black reticulated with gold, but also with a red rim around the pupil. BPBM 20202 had the dorsum brown with broad black dorsolateral bands having indefinite lateral borders, few scattered tiny white spots, and a black mark between eyes; rear of thighs as dorsum; venter dark gray with light gray flecks; and iris dark brown with red margin to the pupil. Several specimens (BPBM 20205–07, PNGNM 24049–51) were lighter at night, being light orange-brown dorsally and pale gray, almost white, ventrally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF18667ECC39FFF4FF3DCFBDFB698F8E" ID-Table-UUID="DF18667ECC39FFF4FF3DCFBDFB698F8E" box="[151,1260,422,446]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF18667ECC39FFF4FF3DCFBDFB698F8E" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" targetBox="[151,1322,516,1136]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD836F6CC39FFF4FF3DCFBDFB698F8E" blockId="7.[151,1260,422,496]" box="[151,1260,422,446]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE4CC39FFF4FF3DCFBDFE8D8F8D" bold="true" box="[151,264,422,446]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Mensural data for type series of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C674D75CC39FFF4FDC3CFBDFCAA8F8E" box="[617,815,422,445]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Cophixalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kethuk" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE4CC39FFF4FDC3CFBDFCAA8F8E" box="[617,815,422,445]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Cophixalus kethuk</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE4CC39FFF4FC9CCFBDFC0E8F8D" bold="true" box="[822,907,422,446]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A220579FCC39FFF4FC9CCFBDFC0E8F8D" box="[822,907,422,446]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Data include only adult animals.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD836F6CC39FFF4FF35CFC2FBC98FC3" blockId="7.[151,1260,422,496]" box="[159,1100,473,496]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Character Males (n = 6) Females (n = 5)</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD836F6CC39FFF4FE0ACC1FFA8A8A43" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<table id="F967C456CC39000CFF3DCC1FFAAF8A43" box="[151,1322,516,1136]" gridcols="5" gridrows="15" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<tr id="355734B4CC39000CFF3DCC1FFAAF8C28" box="[151,1322,516,539]" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<th id="76865DC8CC39000CFE0ACC1FFE598C28" box="[416,476,516,539]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">mean</th>
|
||
<th id="76865DC8CC39000CFD08CC1FFCAD8C28" box="[674,808,516,539]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">range</th>
|
||
<th id="76865DC8CC39000CFC09CC1FFC5A8C28" box="[931,991,516,539]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">mean</th>
|
||
<th id="76865DC8CC39000CFB0ECC1FFAAF8C28" box="[1188,1322,516,539]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">range</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355734B4CC39000CFF3DCC35FAAF8C76" box="[151,1322,558,581]" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<th id="76865DC8CC39000CFF3DCC35FE9D8C76" box="[151,280,558,581]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">SV (mm)</th>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFE0ACC35FE598C76" box="[416,476,558,581]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">12.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFD08CC35FCAD8C76" box="[674,808,558,581]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">12.4–13.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFC09CC35FC5A8C76" box="[931,991,558,581]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">13.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFB0ECC35FAAF8C76" box="[1188,1322,558,581]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">13.2–15.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355734B4CC39000CFF3DCC42FAAF8C43" box="[151,1322,601,624]" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<th id="76865DC8CC39000CFF3DCC42FE9D8C43" box="[151,280,601,624]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">TL/SV</th>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFE0ACC42FE598C43" box="[416,476,601,624]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.45</td>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFD08CC42FCAD8C43" box="[674,808,601,624]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.43–0.47</td>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFC09CC42FC5A8C43" box="[931,991,601,624]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.44</td>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFB0ECC42FAAF8C43" box="[1188,1322,601,624]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.22–0.46</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355734B4CC39000CFF3DCC9FFAAF8CA8" box="[151,1322,644,667]" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<th id="76865DC8CC39000CFF3DCC9FFE9D8CA8" box="[151,280,644,667]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">EN/SV</th>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFE0ACC9FFE598CA8" box="[416,476,644,667]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.081</td>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFD08CC9FFCAD8CA8" box="[674,808,644,667]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.073–0.087</td>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFC09CC9FFC5A8CA8" box="[931,991,644,667]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.079</td>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFB0ECC9FFAAF8CA8" box="[1188,1322,644,667]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.075–0.083</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355734B4CC39000CFF3DCCB5FAAF8CF6" box="[151,1322,686,709]" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<th id="76865DC8CC39000CFF3DCCB5FE9D8CF6" box="[151,280,686,709]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">IN/SV</th>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFE0ACCB5FE598CF6" box="[416,476,686,709]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.097</td>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFD08CCB5FCAD8CF6" box="[674,808,686,709]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.092–0.103</td>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFC09CCB5FC5A8CF6" box="[931,991,686,709]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.093</td>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFB0ECCB5FAAF8CF6" box="[1188,1322,686,709]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.087–0.098</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355734B4CC39000CFF3DCCC2FAAF8CC3" box="[151,1322,729,752]" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<th id="76865DC8CC39000CFF3DCCC2FE9D8CC3" box="[151,280,729,752]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">SN/SV</th>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFE0ACCC2FE598CC3" box="[416,476,729,752]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.13</td>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFD08CCC2FCAD8CC3" box="[674,808,729,752]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.12–0.13</td>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFC09CCC2FC5A8CC3" box="[931,991,729,752]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.13</td>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFB0ECCC2FAAF8CC3" box="[1188,1322,729,752]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.11–0.14</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355734B4CC39000CFF3DCD1FFAAF8D28" box="[151,1322,772,795]" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<th id="76865DC8CC39000CFF3DCD1FFE9D8D28" box="[151,280,772,795]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">TY/SV</th>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFE0ACD1FFE598D28" box="[416,476,772,795]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.047</td>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFD08CD1FFCAD8D28" box="[674,808,772,795]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.044–0.048</td>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFC09CD1FFC5A8D28" box="[931,991,772,795]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.049</td>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFB0ECD1FFAAF8D28" box="[1188,1322,772,795]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.045–0.053</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355734B4CC39000CFF3DCD35FAAF8D76" box="[151,1322,814,837]" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<th id="76865DC8CC39000CFF3DCD35FE9D8D76" box="[151,280,814,837]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">EY/SV</th>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFE0ACD35FE598D76" box="[416,476,814,837]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.14</td>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFD08CD35FCAD8D76" box="[674,808,814,837]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.13–0.14</td>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFC09CD35FC5A8D76" box="[931,991,814,837]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.14</td>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFB0ECD35FAAF8D76" box="[1188,1322,814,837]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.12–0.15</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355734B4CC39000CFF3DCD42FAAF8D43" box="[151,1322,857,880]" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<th id="76865DC8CC39000CFF3DCD42FE9D8D43" box="[151,280,857,880]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">HW/SV</th>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFE0ACD42FE598D43" box="[416,476,857,880]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.37</td>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFD08CD42FCAD8D43" box="[674,808,857,880]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.36–0.38</td>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFC09CD42FC5A8D43" box="[931,991,857,880]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.36</td>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFB0ECD42FAAF8D43" box="[1188,1322,857,880]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.35–0.37</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355734B4CC39000CFF3DCD9FFAAF8DA8" box="[151,1322,900,923]" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<th id="76865DC8CC39000CFF3DCD9FFE9D8DA8" box="[151,280,900,923]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">HL/SV</th>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFE0ACD9FFE598DA8" box="[416,476,900,923]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.33</td>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFD08CD9FFCAD8DA8" box="[674,808,900,923]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.31–0.34</td>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFC09CD9FFC5A8DA8" box="[931,991,900,923]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.33</td>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFB0ECD9FFAAF8DA8" box="[1188,1322,900,923]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.31–0.34</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355734B4CC39000CFF3DCDB5FAAF8DF6" box="[151,1322,942,965]" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<th id="76865DC8CC39000CFF3DCDB5FE9D8DF6" box="[151,280,942,965]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">3rdF/SV</th>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFE0ACDB5FE598DF6" box="[416,476,942,965]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.033</td>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFD08CDB5FCAD8DF6" box="[674,808,942,965]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.028–0.038</td>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFC09CDB5FC5A8DF6" box="[931,991,942,965]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.030</td>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFB0ECDB5FAAF8DF6" box="[1188,1322,942,965]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.026–0.034</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355734B4CC39000CFF3DCDC2FAAF8DC3" box="[151,1322,985,1008]" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<th id="76865DC8CC39000CFF3DCDC2FE9D8DC3" box="[151,280,985,1008]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">4thT/SV</th>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFE0ACDC2FE598DC3" box="[416,476,985,1008]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.053</td>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFD08CDC2FCAD8DC3" box="[674,808,985,1008]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.050–0.056</td>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFC09CDC2FC5A8DC3" box="[931,991,985,1008]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.048</td>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFB0ECDC2FAAF8DC3" box="[1188,1322,985,1008]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.040–0.054</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355734B4CC39000CFF3DCA1FFAAF8A28" box="[151,1322,1028,1051]" gridrow="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<th id="76865DC8CC39000CFF3DCA1FFE9D8A28" box="[151,280,1028,1051]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">EN/IN</th>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFE0ACA1FFE598A28" box="[416,476,1028,1051]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.84</td>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFD08CA1FFCAD8A28" box="[674,808,1028,1051]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.75–0.92</td>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFC09CA1FFC5A8A28" box="[931,991,1028,1051]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.85</td>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFB0ECA1FFAAF8A28" box="[1188,1322,1028,1051]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.79–0.92</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355734B4CC39000CFF3DCA35FAAF8A76" box="[151,1322,1070,1093]" gridrow="13" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<th id="76865DC8CC39000CFF3DCA35FE9D8A76" box="[151,280,1070,1093]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">3rd F/4th T</th>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFE0ACA35FE598A76" box="[416,476,1070,1093]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.63</td>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFD08CA35FCAD8A76" box="[674,808,1070,1093]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.57–0.68</td>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFC09CA35FC5A8A76" box="[931,991,1070,1093]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.64</td>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFB0ECA35FAAF8A76" box="[1188,1322,1070,1093]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.59–0.68</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355734B4CC39000CFF3DCA42FAAF8A43" box="[151,1322,1113,1136]" gridrow="14" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<th id="76865DC8CC39000CFF3DCA42FE9D8A43" box="[151,280,1113,1136]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">HL/HW</th>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFE0ACA42FE598A43" box="[416,476,1113,1136]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.89</td>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFD08CA42FCAD8A43" box="[674,808,1113,1136]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.86–0.91</td>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFC09CA42FC5A8A43" box="[931,991,1113,1136]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.92</td>
|
||
<td id="76865DC8CC39000CFB0ECA42FAAF8A43" box="[1188,1322,1113,1136]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.90–0.96</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD836F6CC39FFF4FF6CCAB5FB928B25" blockId="7.[151,1437,1198,2036]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE4CC39FFF4FF6CCAB5FE878AFB" bold="true" box="[198,258,1198,1224]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Call.</emphasis>
|
||
This species calls primarily just at dawn and for the last hour or so before nightfall. We also heard it during the night at
|
||
<quantity id="4C9F9B13CC39FFF4FED2CACEFE468ADC" box="[376,451,1237,1263]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="750.0">750 m</quantity>
|
||
but not at
|
||
<quantity id="4C9F9B13CC39FFF4FDE8CACEFD4E8ADC" box="[578,715,1237,1263]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.625" metricValueMax="2.75" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="262.5" valueMax="275.0" valueMin="250.0">
|
||
250–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D61FD7FCC39FFF4FDD4CACEFD4E8ADC" box="[638,715,1237,1263]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="generic">275 m</specimenCount>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
. It calls from under brush piles, under boulders, under leaves on the soil surface, and from under rocks near the surface of deep rock piles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD836F6CC39FFF4FF6CCB39FD9B8BB9" blockId="7.[151,1437,1198,2036]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">The call sounds like two pebbles hitting each other, with the interval between notes quickly decreasing toward the end of the call. This gives an acoustic impression similar to that of a marble falling and quickly coming to rest on a.hard surface.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD836F6CC39FFF4FF6CCB8DFB16888C" blockId="7.[151,1437,1198,2036]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
We recorded six calls produced by the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DC8854CC39FFF4FD24CB8DFD718B83" box="[654,756,1430,1456]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6E5034DCC39FFF4FCAECB8DFCDB8B83" box="[772,862,1430,1456]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,241,151,175]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,272,679]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="TABLE 3. Call characteristics of Cophixalus kethuk (BPBM 20203) recorded by F. Kraus at 1715 h along the Rupu River, 280 m elevation, Rossel Island, Milne Bay Province, Papua New Guinea on 15 May 2004. Air temperature 25.7 ° C." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF18667ECC36FFFBFF3DCE8CFF3F8EC7" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" tableUuid="DF18667ECC36FFFBFF3DCE8CFF3F8EC7">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||
). These were produced at intervals ranging from 7–17 s, included 12–13 notes and averaged
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE535031CC39FFF4FD18CBA6FD798BE4" box="[690,764,1469,1495]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="555" value="-1.39">1.39 s</geoCoordinate>
|
||
(range 1.36–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE535031CC39FFF4FC0BCBA6FC508BE4" box="[929,981,1469,1495]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="555" value="-1.45">1.45</geoCoordinate>
|
||
s). Mean note duration was
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE535031CC39FFF4FA9ECBA6FA198BE4" box="[1332,1436,1469,1495]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="5" value="-0.0068">0.0068 s</geoCoordinate>
|
||
(range 0.0035–0.0165). The intervals between notes averaged
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE535031CC39FFF4FCD8CBFFFC518BCD" box="[882,980,1508,1534]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="5" value="-0.1136">0.1136 s</geoCoordinate>
|
||
(range 0.0015–0.1765). The repetition rate averaged 8.3 notes/s (range 7.9–8.8). There is a tendency for the interval between notes to steadily decrease and then to abruptly decrease for the last 3–4 notes. This is apparent in the spectrogram (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135C2A73CC39FFF4FAA7C82AFACE8878" box="[1293,1355,1585,1611]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="18.[151,260,1051,1075]" captionTargetBox="[162,1383,338,1041]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,327,1044]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 5. (A) Waveform, (B) power spectrum, and (C) spectrogram of call “ A ” (see Table 3) of holotype of Cophixalus kethuk (BPBM 20203) recorded by F. Kraus along the Rupu River, 280 m elevation, Rossel Island, Milne Bay Province, Papua New Guinea, at 1715 h, 15 May 2004. Air temperature 25.7 ° C. The call was recorded on a Sony MDSJE 480 minidisc recorder and was slightly overmodulated, producing the false harmonics seen above 10 Hz." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/188305/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig 5</figureCitation>
|
||
A) and is shown graphically in
|
||
<figureCitation id="135C2A73CC39FFF4FE1EC843FE788841" box="[436,509,1624,1650]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="18.[151,258,1731,1755]" captionTargetBox="[165,1394,1217,1722]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[152,1435,1215,1726]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 6. Internote duration of call “ D ” (see Table 3) recorded from the holotype of Cophixalus kethuk (BPBM 20203)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/188306/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
. The duration of the first internote in the six calls analyzed averaged
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE535031CC39FFF4FA9DC843FA198841" box="[1335,1436,1624,1650]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="5" value="-0.1683">0.1683 s</geoCoordinate>
|
||
(range 0.1562–0.1765) compared to an average of
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE535031CC39FFF4FD44C865FCD788AB" box="[750,850,1662,1688]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="5" value="-0.0047">0.0047 s</geoCoordinate>
|
||
(range 0.0015–0.0079) for the last internote. The dominant frequency of the calls averaged 4530 Hz (range 4400–4800 Hz) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135C2A73CC39FFF4FBADC8BEFBC9888C" box="[1031,1100,1701,1727]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="18.[151,260,1051,1075]" captionTargetBox="[162,1383,338,1041]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,327,1044]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 5. (A) Waveform, (B) power spectrum, and (C) spectrogram of call “ A ” (see Table 3) of holotype of Cophixalus kethuk (BPBM 20203) recorded by F. Kraus along the Rupu River, 280 m elevation, Rossel Island, Milne Bay Province, Papua New Guinea, at 1715 h, 15 May 2004. Air temperature 25.7 ° C. The call was recorded on a Sony MDSJE 480 minidisc recorder and was slightly overmodulated, producing the false harmonics seen above 10 Hz." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/188305/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
B, C).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37D657DCC39FFF4FF6CC8D0FB6989B3" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD836F6CC39FFF4FF6CC8D0FEF98969" blockId="7.[151,1437,1198,2036]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE4CC39FFF4FF6CC8D0FED688D6" bold="true" box="[198,339,1739,1765]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The trivial epithet is a noun in apposition, being the Javanese name of a gamelan instrument whose manner of playing involves a dribble of subdividing strokes whose acoustic impression is similar to the advertisement call of this species. It is pronounced “kë-
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE4CC39FFF4FCB4C903FCC78901" bold="true" box="[798,834,1816,1842]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">tu’</emphasis>
|
||
”, where the bold notes the stressed syllable and the “’” is a glottal stop.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD836F6CC39FFF4FF6CC97DFB6989B3" blockId="7.[151,1437,1198,2036]" box="[198,1260,1894,1920]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE4CC39FFF4FF6CC97DFE9B89B3" bold="true" box="[198,286,1894,1920]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Range.</emphasis>
|
||
Known only from Rossel Island, Milne Bay Province,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3707666CC39FFF4FC0EC97DFB0389B3" box="[932,1158,1894,1920]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="135C2A73CC39FFF4FB3CC97DFB5B89B3" box="[1174,1246,1894,1920]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="20.[151,257,1843,1867]" captionTargetBox="[211,1375,949,1818]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[211,1375,949,1818]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 7. Map showing known distributions for Cophixalus interruptus (circle), C. kethuk (inverted triangles), C. linnaeus (star), and C. phaeobalius (square). Filled symbols are type localities; open symbols are additional localities, as relevant." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/188307/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37D657DCC39FFF4FF6CC996FDB089C7" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD836F6CC39FFF4FF6CC996FDB089C7" blockId="7.[151,1437,1198,2036]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913EAE4CC39FFF4FF6CC996FE1D8994" bold="true" box="[198,408,1933,1959]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Ecological notes.</emphasis>
|
||
Animals were common but difficult to locate because of their habit of calling beneath objects, most often rocks or boulders. We found it to occur from approximately sea level to
|
||
<quantity id="4C9F9B13CC39FFF4FB64C9AFFA9C89FD" box="[1230,1305,1972,1998]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="640.0">640 m</quantity>
|
||
in primary and advanced secondary rainforest.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |