796 lines
104 KiB
XML
796 lines
104 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="9B3339C9ABD5500BAC606A2E7899BC82">The genus Cerithidea Swainson, 1840 (Gastropoda: Potamididae) in the Indo-West Pacific region</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03DA07236532284AD1A0F983FE958F73" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5694412" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127667279" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5694412" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DA07236532284AD1A0F983FE958F73" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DA07236532284AD1A0F983FE958F73" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" scope_class="Gastropoda" scope_family="Potamididae">
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<subSubSection id="C369E5BE6532284ED1A0F983FD8A8865" box="[151,565,1625,1651]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BCCB6356532284ED1A0F983FD8A8865" blockId="8.[151,565,1625,1651]" box="[151,565,1625,1651]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<heading id="D08401596532284ED1A0F983FD8A8865" bold="true" box="[151,565,1625,1651]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B9076A276532284ED1A0F983FD8A8865" bold="true" box="[151,565,1625,1651]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66532284ED1D9F983FD8A8865" ID-CoL="7NSCD" authority="Swainson, 1840" authorityName="Swainson" authorityYear="1840" box="[238,565,1625,1651]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9076A276532284ED1D9F983FED28865" bold="true" box="[238,365,1625,1651]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Cerithidea</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46532284ED043F983FD8A8865" author="Swainson" box="[372,565,1625,1651]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Swainson, W. (1840) A Treatise on Malacology. Longman, Orme, Brown, Green & Longmans, London, viii + 419 pp." type="book" year="1840">Swainson, 1840</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C369E5BE6532284ED1A0F97AFDE688A0" box="[151,601,1696,1718]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BCCB6356532284ED1A0F97AFDE688A0" blockId="8.[151,1436,1696,1840]" box="[151,601,1696,1718]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB63911B6532284ED1A0F97AFDE688A0" box="[151,601,1696,1718]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66532284ED1A0F97AFE5288A0" ID-CoL="7NSCD" authority="Swainson, 1840: 198" authorityName="Swainson" authorityPageNumber="198" authorityYear="1840" box="[151,493,1696,1718]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9076A276532284ED1A0F97AFEBC88A0" box="[151,259,1696,1718]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Cerithidea</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AD290246532284ED03AF97AFE5288A0" author="Swainson" box="[269,493,1696,1718]" page="198" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="1840">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46532284ED03AF97AFE0888A0" author="Swainson" box="[269,439,1696,1718]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Swainson, W. (1840) A Treatise on Malacology. Longman, Orme, Brown, Green & Longmans, London, viii + 419 pp." type="book" year="1840">Swainson, 1840</bibRefCitation>
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: 198
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, 203, 342
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C369E5BE6532284ED353F97AFDEF88C2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph id="8BCCB6356532284ED353F97AFDEF88C2" blockId="8.[151,1436,1696,1840]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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(
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<typeStatus id="54C808976532284ED35CF97AFD2788A0" box="[619,664,1696,1718]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">type</typeStatus>
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by subsequent designation (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46532284ED2FFF97AFBCA88A0" author="Makiyama" box="[968,1141,1696,1718]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Makiyama, J. (1936) The Meisen Miocene of North Korea. Memoirs of the College of Science, Kyoto Imperial University, Series B, 11, 193 - 228." type="journal article" year="1936">Makiyama 1936</bibRefCitation>
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)
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<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66532284ED5B0F97AFAC188A0" authority="Gray" authorityName="Gray" box="[1159,1406,1696,1718]" class="Gastropoda" family="Thiaridae" genus="Melania" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lineolata">
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<emphasis id="B9076A276532284ED5B0F97AFAFF88A0" box="[1159,1344,1696,1718]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Melania lineolata</emphasis>
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Gray
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</taxonomicName>
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in
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46532284ED1F0F964FE7988C2" author="Griffith" box="[199,454,1726,1748]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Griffith, E. & Pidgeon, E. (1833 - 1834) The Mollusca and Radiata. In: Griffith, E., (Ed.) The Animal Kingdom arranged in conformity with its organization, by the Baron Cuvier, Vol. 12. Whittaker & Co., London, viii + 601 pp." type="book" year="1833">Griffith & Pidgeon, 1833</bibRefCitation>
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=
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<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66532284ED0D6F965FDFD88C2" ID-CoL="SYL2" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" box="[481,578,1726,1748]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="obtusa">
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<emphasis id="B9076A276532284ED0D6F965FDFD88C2" box="[481,578,1726,1748]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">C. obtusa</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
).
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C369E5BE6532284ED1A0F907FE7488E5" box="[151,459,1757,1779]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="8BCCB6356532284ED1A0F907FE7488E5" blockId="8.[151,1436,1696,1840]" box="[151,459,1757,1779]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB63911B6532284ED1A0F907FE7488E5" box="[151,459,1757,1779]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66532284ED1A0F907FE7488E5" ID-CoL="7b020a25-d048-446e-8d7c-fe9a1dcc52f5" authority="Morch, 1860: 80" authorityName="Morch" authorityPageNumber="80" authorityYear="1860" box="[151,459,1757,1779]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Phaenommia" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B9076A276532284ED1A0F907FEA288E5" box="[151,285,1757,1779]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Phaenommia</emphasis>
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AD290246532284ED015F907FE7488E5" author="Morch" box="[290,459,1757,1779]" page="80" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="1860">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46532284ED015F907FE1688E5" author="Morch" box="[290,425,1757,1779]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Morch, O. A. L. (1860) Beitrage zur Molluskenfauna Central-Amerika's. Malakozoologische Blatter, 7, 66 - 106." type="journal article" year="1860">Mörch, 1860</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 80
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C369E5BE6532284ED0E5F907FAF988E5" box="[466,1350,1757,1779]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCCB6356532284ED0E5F907FAF988E5" blockId="8.[151,1436,1696,1840]" box="[466,1350,1757,1779]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C808976532284ED0EEF907FDB988E5" box="[473,518,1757,1779]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">type</typeStatus>
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||
by monotypy
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66532284ED3AEF907FC3C88E5" baseAuthorityName="Petit de la Saussaye" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[665,899,1757,1779]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="charbonieri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276532284ED3AEF907FC3C88E5" box="[665,899,1757,1779]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Cerithidea charbonieri</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
(sic) =
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66532284ED2E5F907FA8588E5" authority="Petit, 1851" authorityName="Petit" authorityYear="1851" box="[978,1338,1757,1779]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cerithiidae" genus="Cerithium" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="charbonnieri">
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||
<emphasis id="B9076A276532284ED2E5F907FB7C88E5" box="[978,1219,1757,1779]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Cerithium charbonnieri</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46532284ED5FEF907FA8588E5" author="Petit" box="[1225,1338,1757,1779]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Petit de la Saussaye, M. S. (1851) Description de coquilles nouvelles. Journal de Conchyliologie, 2, 259 - 269." type="journal article" year="1851">Petit, 1851</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
).
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C369E5BE6532284ED1A0F926FDD18904" box="[151,622,1788,1810]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCCB6356532284ED1A0F926FDD18904" blockId="8.[151,1436,1696,1840]" box="[151,622,1788,1810]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB63911B6532284ED1A0F926FDD18904" box="[151,622,1788,1810]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66532284ED1A0F926FDD18904" authority="Fischer, 1884: 682" authorityName="Fischer" authorityPageNumber="682" authorityYear="1884" box="[151,622,1788,1810]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Potamides" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Aphanistylus">
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||
<emphasis id="B9076A276532284ED1A0F926FE208904" box="[151,415,1788,1810]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Potamides (Aphanistylus)</emphasis>
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||
Fischer, 1884: 682
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||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C369E5BE6532284ED34FF926FEB68926" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCCB6356532284ED34FF926FEB68926" blockId="8.[151,1436,1696,1840]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C808976532284ED348F926FD138904" box="[639,684,1788,1810]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">type</typeStatus>
|
||
by monotypy
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66532284ED27CF926FBFA8904" baseAuthorityName="Petit de la Saussaye" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[843,1093,1788,1810]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="charbonnieri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276532284ED27CF926FBFA8904" box="[843,1093,1788,1810]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Cerithidea charbonnieri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66532284ED55FF926FF428926" authority="Petit, 1851" authorityName="Petit" authorityYear="1851" class="Gastropoda" family="Cerithiidae" genus="Cerithium" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="charbonnieri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276532284ED55FF926FAE38904" box="[1128,1372,1788,1810]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Cerithium charbonnieri</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46532284ED450F926FF428926" author="Petit" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Petit de la Saussaye, M. S. (1851) Description de coquilles nouvelles. Journal de Conchyliologie, 2, 259 - 269." type="journal article" year="1851">Petit, 1851</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C369E5BE6532284FD1A0F887FEEB883A" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCCB6356532284FD1A0F887FAD78EC3" blockId="8.[151,1436,1885,2018]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276532284ED1A0F887FE3E8960" bold="true" box="[151,385,1885,1910]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Taxonomic history.</emphasis>
|
||
When introducing the new genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66532284ED212F887FBC98960" authority="Swainson (1840)" authorityName="Swainson" authorityYear="1840" box="[805,1142,1885,1910]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276532284ED212F887FC228960" box="[805,925,1885,1910]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Cerithidea</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46532284ED285F887FBC98960" author="Swainson" box="[946,1142,1885,1910]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Swainson, W. (1840) A Treatise on Malacology. Longman, Orme, Brown, Green & Longmans, London, viii + 419 pp." type="book" year="1840">Swainson (1840)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gave only two included species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66532284ED1C2F85BFE01898C" box="[245,446,1921,1946]" class="Gastropoda" family="Thiaridae" genus="Melania" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lineolata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276532284ED1C2F85BFE01898C" box="[245,446,1921,1946]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Melania lineolata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66532284ED0D3F858FDF0898C" box="[484,591,1921,1946]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="obtusa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276532284ED0D3F858FDF0898C" box="[484,591,1921,1946]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">C. obtusa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, herein) and the fossil
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66532284ED278F85BFB7B898C" authority="Brogniart. The" authorityName="Brogniart. The" box="[847,1220,1921,1946]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cerithiidae" genus="Cerithium" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fragilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276532284ED278F85BFBA7898C" box="[847,1048,1921,1946]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Cerithium fragilis</emphasis>
|
||
Brogniart. The
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
subsequent history of the designation of the former as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C808976532284ED367F87CFD3F89A8" box="[592,640,1958,1982]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of the genus has been discussed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46532284ED52BF87CFB5B89A8" author="Bequaert" box="[1052,1252,1957,1982]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Bequaert, J. C. (1942 b) Random notes on American Potamididae. Nautilus, 56, 20 - 30." type="journal article" year="1942" yearSuffix="b">Bequaert (1942b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, who concluded that the first valid designation (of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66532284ED322F810FD3E89F4" box="[533,641,1993,2018]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="obtusa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276532284ED322F810FD3E89F4" box="[533,641,1993,2018]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">C. obtusa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) was that of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46532284ED223F813FBFC89F4" author="Pilsbry" box="[788,1091,1993,2018]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Pilsbry, H. A. & Harbison, A. (1933) Notes on the Miocene of southern New Jersey. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 85, 107 - 120." type="journal article" year="1933">Pilsbry & Harbison (1933)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. This conclusion was accepted by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46533284FD18BFF4DFEC58EA6" author="Houbrick" box="[188,378,151,176]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Houbrick, R. S. (1984) Revision of higher taxa in genus Cerithidea (Mesogastropoda: Potamididae) based on comparative morphology and biological data. American Malacological Bulletin, 2, 1 - 20." type="journal article" year="1984">Houbrick (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
but, as pointed out by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46533284FD3B0FF4DFCCB8EA6" author="Petit" box="[647,884,151,176]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Petit, R. E. & Coan, E. V. (2008) The molluscan taxa made available in the Griffith & Pidgeon (1833 - 1834) edition of Cuvier, with notes on the editions of Cuvier and on Wood's Index Testaceologicus. Malacologia, 50, 219 - 264. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.4002 / 0076 - 2997 - 50.1.219" type="journal article" year="2008">Petit & Coan (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, this designation was invalid, because it did not mention either of the originally included taxa, so that the first valid designation was that of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46533284FD5A0FF66FADC8EC3" author="Makiyama" box="[1175,1379,188,213]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Makiyama, J. (1936) The Meisen Miocene of North Korea. Memoirs of the College of Science, Kyoto Imperial University, Series B, 11, 193 - 228." type="journal article" year="1936">Makiyama (1936)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCCB6356533284FD1F0FF3AFC6A8C93" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
Two generic names have been based on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD3A3FF3AFCF68EEE" box="[660,841,223,248]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cerithiidae" genus="Cerithium" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="charbonnieri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD3A3FF3AFCF68EEE" box="[660,841,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. charbonnieri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46533284FD24AFF05FBA48EEE" author="Morch" box="[893,1051,223,248]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Morch, O. A. L. (1860) Beitrage zur Molluskenfauna Central-Amerika's. Malakozoologische Blatter, 7, 66 - 106." type="journal article" year="1860">Mörch (1860)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and Fischer (1884). Both authors cited the long optic peduncles and short or invisible tentacles in the figure by H. Adams & A. Adams (1854: pl. 31, fig. 2). In fact the tentacles of living and preserved
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD3D6FEFDFCE68F56" box="[737,857,295,320]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD3D6FEFDFCE68F56" box="[737,857,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cerithidea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species are often folded back and not immediately visible (von
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46533284FD014FE97FE718F72" author="Martens" box="[291,462,332,356]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Martens, E. von (1897 a) Suss- und Brackwasser-Mollusken des Indischen Archipels. In: Weber, M. (Ed.), Zoologische Ergebnisse einer Reise in Niederlandisch Ost-Indien, Vol. 4. E. J. Brill, Leiden, pp. 1 - 331." type="book" year="1897" yearSuffix="a">Martens 1897a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 10, fig. 5), and the peduncles are not unusually long in this species. The shell of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD4B5FE97FE968F9E" class="Gastropoda" family="Cerithiidae" genus="Cerithium" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="charbonnieri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD4B5FE97FE968F9E" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. charbonnieri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is unusually smooth for the genus, with a strong peripheral carina.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD572FEB5FB698F9E" box="[1093,1238,367,392]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Aphanistylus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD572FEB5FB698F9E" box="[1093,1238,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Aphanistylus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has occasionally been used as a subgenus (Fischer 1884;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46533284FD35EFE4EFCB98FBA" author="Kobelt" box="[617,774,404,429]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Kobelt, W. (1890 b) Eine neue Cerithidea. Nachrichtsblatt der deutschen Malakozoologischen Gesellschaft, 1890, 60 - 61." type="journal article" year="1890" yearSuffix="a">Kobelt 1890a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Casto de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46533284FD2B6FE4EFBBD8FBB" author="Elera" box="[897,1026,404,429]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Casto de Elera, R. P. (1896) Catalogo Sistematico de Toda la Fauna de Filipinas, Vol. 3. Moluscos y Radiados. Colegio de Santo Tomas, Manila, 942 + lxiv pp." type="book chapter" year="1896">Elera 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46533284FD538FE4EFB5E8FBA" author="Dautzenberg" box="[1039,1249,404,429]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Dautzenberg, P. (1899) Contribution a la faune malacologique de Sumatra (recoltes de M. J. - L. Weyers). Annales de la Societe Royale Malacologique de Belgique, 34, 1 - 26." type="journal article" year="1899">Dautzenberg 1899</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and rarely as a genus (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46533284FD1D0FE6DFE238FC6" author="Wattebled" box="[231,412,439,464]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Wattebled, G. (1886) Description de mollusques inedits de l'Annam. Recolte du capitaine Dorr aux environs de Hue. Journal de Conchyliologie, 34, 54 - 71." type="journal article" year="1886">Wattebled 1886</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46533284FD09FFE6DFD888FC6" author="Morlet" box="[424,567,439,464]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Morlet, L. (1889) Catalogue des coquilles recueillis, par M. Pavie, dans le Cambodge et le Royaume de Siam, et description d'especes nouvelles. Journal de Conchyliologie, 37, 121 - 199." type="journal article" year="1889">Morlet 1889</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), for one or more of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD216FE62FC288FC6" box="[801,919,440,464]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="weyersi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD216FE62FC288FC6" box="[801,919,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. weyersi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD291FE62FBE68FC6" box="[934,1113,439,464]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cerithiidae" genus="Cerithium" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="charbonnieri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD291FE62FBE68FC6" box="[934,1113,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. charbonnieri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD550FE62FB5E8FC6" box="[1127,1249,440,464]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD550FE62FB5E8FC6" box="[1127,1249,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. sinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD42FFE62FA2A8FC6" box="[1304,1429,439,464]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="balteata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD42FFE62FA2A8FC6" box="[1304,1429,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. balteata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Thiele (1929) remarked that the subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD3BBFE06FCA28FE3" box="[652,797,476,501]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Aphanistylus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD3BBFE06FCA28FE3" box="[652,797,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Aphanistylus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
“might be hardly different” from
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD584FE06FADA8FE2" box="[1203,1381,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD584FE06FA948FE3" box="[1203,1323,476,501]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">Cerithidea</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A234D75C6533284FD401FE07FADA8FE2" box="[1334,1381,477,500]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" sensu="stricto">s. s.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, but nevertheless later replaced it with the earlier name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD3CAFE25FBFF8C0E" authority="Thiele 1931" authorityName="Thiele" authorityYear="1931" box="[765,1088,511,536]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Phaenommia" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD3CAFE25FC2E8C0E" box="[765,913,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Phaenommia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46533284FD292FE25FB888C0E" author="Thiele" box="[933,1079,511,536]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Thiele, J. (1929, 1931) Handbuch der Systematischen Weichtierkunde. Parts 1, 2. Gustav Fischer, Jena, 777 pp." type="book" year="1931">Thiele 1931</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Wenz (1939) formally listed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD1A0FDFEFE978C2B" box="[151,296,548,573]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Aphanistylus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD1A0FDFEFE978C2B" box="[151,296,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Aphanistylus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD068FDFEFE4C8C2B" box="[351,499,548,573]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Phaenommia" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD068FDFEFE4C8C2B" box="[351,499,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Phaenommia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD3EAFDFEFCEA8C2B" box="[733,853,548,573]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD3EAFDFEFCEA8C2B" box="[733,853,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cerithidea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The three species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD518FDFFFB5C8C2B" box="[1071,1251,548,573]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cerithiidae" genus="Cerithium" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="charbonnieri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD518FDFFFB5C8C2B" box="[1071,1251,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. charbonnieri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD5C5FDFFFAD38C2A" box="[1266,1388,549,572]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD5C5FDFFFAD38C2A" box="[1266,1388,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. sinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD1A0FD92FEA88C76" box="[151,279,583,608]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="balteata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD1A0FD92FEA88C76" box="[151,279,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. balteata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
do form a well-supported molecular clade (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1348AAB06533284FD22DFD9DFCE18C76" box="[794,862,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1936,1958]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,201,1916]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[196,1387,193,1917]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 1. Molecular phylogeny of Cerithidea species produced by Bayesian analysis of partial COI sequences, using Cerithideopsilla species as outgroup (after Reid et al. 2013). Localities details given by Reid et al. (2013). Support values are posterior probabilities; only values ≥ 0.95 (i. e. with strong support) are shown." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285732/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). Nevertheless, there is no known morphological synapomorphy that could justify the continued use of this subgeneric unit.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCCB6356533284FD1F0FD55FD688A6A" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
The generic name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD0AAFD55FDAA8CBE" box="[413,533,655,680]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD0AAFD55FDAA8CBE" box="[413,533,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cerithidea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is here used only for those potamidids from the Indo-West Pacific that have a close, or obligate, association with mangrove trees and halophytic vegetation. This concept of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD58CFD6EFA8C8CDB" box="[1211,1331,692,717]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD58CFD6EFA8C8CDB" box="[1211,1331,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cerithidea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is that of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46533284FD1A0FD0DFEDC8CE6" box="[151,355,727,752]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Reid, D. G., Dyal, P., Lozouet, P., Glaubrecht, M. & Williams, S. T. (2008) Mudwhelks and mangroves: the evolutionary history of an ecological association (Gastropoda: Potamididae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 47, 680 - 699. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2008.01.003" type="journal article">
|
||
Reid
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD1E2FD03FEB78CE6" box="[213,264,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2008)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and before this the generic classification of its species had a complex history.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD5D8FD0DFAD88CE6" box="[1263,1383,727,752]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD5D8FD0DFAD88CE6" box="[1263,1383,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cerithidea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was established by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46533284FD00AFD26FE438D02" author="Swainson" box="[317,508,764,789]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Swainson, W. (1840) A Treatise on Malacology. Longman, Orme, Brown, Green & Longmans, London, viii + 419 pp." type="book" year="1840">Swainson (1840)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and included as a genus in the classification by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46533284FD520FD26FB1A8D02" author="Gray" box="[1047,1189,764,788]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Gray, J. E. (1847) A list of the genera of recent Mollusca, their synonyma and types. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1847, 129 - 219." type="proceedings paper" year="1847">Gray (1847)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. This early concept of the genus included American species (assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD3E9FCC5FC3D8D2E" box="[734,898,799,824]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithideopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neotaenioglossa" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD3E9FCC5FC3D8D2E" box="[734,898,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cerithideopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46533284FD286FCC5FBD18D2E" author="Reid" box="[945,1134,799,824]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Reid, D. G., Dyal, P., Lozouet, P., Glaubrecht, M. & Williams, S. T. (2008) Mudwhelks and mangroves: the evolutionary history of an ecological association (Gastropoda: Potamididae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 47, 680 - 699. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2008.01.003" type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||
Reid
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD2C7FCFBFB9D8D2E" box="[1008,1058,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2008
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) as well as the Indo-West Pacific members (H. Adams & A. Adams 1854;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46533284FD3F1FC9EFCE68D4B" author="Adams" box="[710,857,836,861]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Adams, A. (1855) A monograph of Cerithidea, a genus of Mollusca, with descriptions of several new species, from the collection of High Cuming, Esq,: to which are added, descriptions of two new species of Colina, and one of Donax. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1854, 83 - 87. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1469 - 7998.1854. tb 07236. x" type="proceedings paper" year="1855">Adams 1855</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46533284FD251FC9EFBB08D4B" author="Sowerby" box="[870,1039,836,861]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Sowerby, G. B. II (1866) Monograph of the genus Cerithidea. In: Reeve, L. A. (Ed.), Conchologia Iconica. Vol. 15. L. A. Reeve, London, pls 1 - 4." type="book chapter" year="1866">Sowerby 1866</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The smaller, mud-dwelling Indo- West Pacific potamidids (assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD37DFCBDFCBF8D96" box="[586,768,871,896]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithideopsilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neotaenioglossa" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD37DFCBDFCBF8D96" box="[586,768,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cerithideopsilla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46533284FD207FCBDFC518D96" author="Reid" box="[816,1006,871,896]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Reid, D. G., Dyal, P., Lozouet, P., Glaubrecht, M. & Williams, S. T. (2008) Mudwhelks and mangroves: the evolutionary history of an ecological association (Gastropoda: Potamididae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 47, 680 - 699. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2008.01.003" type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||
Reid
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD258FCB3FC1D8D96" box="[879,930,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2008
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) were classified in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD5E4FCB3FAC98D96" box="[1235,1398,873,896]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Tympanotonos" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD5E4FCB3FAC98D96" box="[1235,1398,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Tympanotonos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by these early authors, while
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD0D6FC56FDF68DB3" box="[481,585,908,933]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Pirenella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD0D6FC56FDF68DB3" box="[481,585,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Pirenella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
contained the diverse forms of the polymorphic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD583FC57FA9C8DB2" box="[1204,1315,909,932]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Pirenella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="conica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD583FC57FA9C8DB2" box="[1204,1315,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. conica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Mediterranean and Indian Ocean. Some nineteenth-century authors maintained a much broader generic concept and included all these potamidids in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD301FC0EFD178DFB" box="[566,680,980,1005]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cerithiidae" genus="Cerithium" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD301FC0EFD178DFB" box="[566,680,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cerithium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46533284FD380FC0EFCFB8DFA" author="Kiener" box="[695,836,980,1005]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Kiener, L. - C. (1841 - 1842) Genre Cerite. (Cerithium, Adanson.) In: Kiener, L. - C. (Ed.), Species General et Iconographie des Coquilles Vivantes. Rousseau & Bailliere, Paris, 104 pp." type="book" year="1841">
|
||
Kiener
|
||
<date id="FFCD90F56533284FD23BFC0EFCFB8DFA" box="[780,836,980,1004]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="1841" valueMax="1842">1841</date>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
–1842;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46533284FD2ADFC0EFBFF8DFB" author="Sowerby" box="[922,1088,980,1005]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Sowerby, G. B. II (1855) Monograph of the genus Cerithium, Adanson. In: Sowerby, G. B. II. (Ed.), Thesaurus Conchyliorum, or Figures and Descriptions of Recent Shells. Vol. 2. part 16. Sowerby, London, pp. 847 - 899." type="book chapter" year="1855">Sowerby 1855</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46533284FD57AFC0FFB688DFB" author="Reeve" box="[1101,1239,980,1005]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Reeve, L. A. (1860) Elements of Conchology. Vol. 1. Reeve, London, 260 pp." type="book" year="1860">Reeve 1860</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), sometimes with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD1A0FC2DFEB08A06" box="[151,271,1015,1040]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD1A0FC2DFEB08A06" box="[151,271,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cerithidea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD010FC23FE758A06" box="[295,458,1017,1040]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Tympanotonos" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD010FC23FE758A06" box="[295,458,1017,1040]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Tympanotonos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD322FC2DFDC28A06" box="[533,637,1015,1040]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Pirenella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD322FC2DFDC28A06" box="[533,637,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Pirenella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as subgenera (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46533284FD276FC2DFC658A06" author="Chenu" box="[833,986,1015,1040]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Chenu, J. C. (1859) Manuel de Conchyliologie. Vol. 1. G. Masson, Paris, vii + 508 pp." type="book" year="1859">Chenu 1859</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46533284FD2D8FC2DFB388A06" author="Kobelt" box="[1007,1159,1015,1040]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Kobelt, W. (1890 b) Eine neue Cerithidea. Nachrichtsblatt der deutschen Malakozoologischen Gesellschaft, 1890, 60 - 61." type="journal article" year="1890">
|
||
Kobelt
|
||
<date id="FFCD90F56533284FD57AFC2DFB388A06" box="[1101,1159,1015,1040]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="1890" valueMax="1895">1890</date>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
–1895). Fischer (1884) established the use of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD0B8FBC6FDBA8A23" box="[399,517,1052,1077]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Potamides" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD0B8FBC6FDBA8A23" box="[399,517,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Potamides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(of which the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C808976533284FD39CFBC7FD648A23" box="[683,731,1053,1077]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">type</typeStatus>
|
||
was an Oligocene fossil) with these three potamidid groups as subgenera, and this scheme was widely followed (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46533284FD3E4FB9AFCE38A4E" author="Tryon" box="[723,860,1088,1112]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Tryon, G. W. (1887) Manual of Conchology. Vol. 9. Tryon, Philadelphia, 488 pp." type="book" year="1887">Tryon 1887</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; von
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46533284FD2ABFB9AFBF78A4E" author="Martens" box="[924,1096,1088,1112]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Martens, E. von (1897 a) Suss- und Brackwasser-Mollusken des Indischen Archipels. In: Weber, M. (Ed.), Zoologische Ergebnisse einer Reise in Niederlandisch Ost-Indien, Vol. 4. E. J. Brill, Leiden, pp. 1 - 331." type="book" year="1897" yearSuffix="a">Martens 1897a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46533284FD562FB9AFAB28A4E" author="Cossmann" box="[1109,1293,1087,1112]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Cossmann, M. (1906) Essais de Paleoconchologie Comparee, Vol. 7. Rudeval, Paris, 261 pp." type="book" year="1906">Cossmann 1906</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, but treating the Recent
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD022FBBFFE568A6A" box="[277,489,1125,1148]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD022FBBFFE078A6A" box="[277,440,1125,1148]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Tympanotonos" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">Tympanotonos</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A234D75C6533284FD089FBBFFE568A6A" box="[446,489,1125,1148]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" sensu="stricto">s. s.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
as a separate genus).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCCB6356533284FD1F0FB5DFAD28B6E" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
The prevailing twentieth-century concept of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD3CCFB5DFCCC8AB6" box="[763,883,1159,1184]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD3CCFB5DFCCC8AB6" box="[763,883,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cerithidea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
dates from Thiele (1929), who introduced
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD1A0FB76FE848AD3" box="[151,315,1196,1221]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithideopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neotaenioglossa" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD1A0FB76FE848AD3" box="[151,315,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cerithideopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a subgenus, with sections
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD348FB76FCEC8AD2" box="[639,851,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD348FB76FC9C8AD3" box="[639,803,1196,1221]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithideopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neotaenioglossa" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">Cerithideopsis</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A234D75C6533284FD21EFB77FCEC8AD2" box="[809,851,1197,1220]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" sensu="stricto">s. s.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
for American species and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD54BFB76FA8D8AD3" box="[1148,1330,1196,1221]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithideopsilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neotaenioglossa" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD54BFB76FA8D8AD3" box="[1148,1330,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cerithideopsilla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for Indo- West Pacific ones, while continuing to recognize
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD3F3FB15FC948AFE" box="[708,811,1231,1256]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Pirenella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD3F3FB15FC948AFE" box="[708,811,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Pirenella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a genus. This scheme was modified only slightly by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46533284FD1A0FB2FFE8B8B1A" author="Wenz" box="[151,308,1268,1292]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Wenz, W. (1938) Gastropoda. Teil I: Allgemeiner Teil und Prosobranchia. In: Schindewolf, O. H. (Ed.), Handbuch der Palaozoologie. Vol. 6. Borntraeger, Berlin, xii + 948 pp." type="book" year="1938">Wenz (1938)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, who established the tripartite division of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD264FB2EFC748B1B" box="[851,971,1268,1293]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD264FB2EFC748B1B" box="[851,971,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cerithidea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in three subgenera:
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD5E0FB2EFA2A8B1A" box="[1239,1429,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD5E0FB2EFAF08B1B" box="[1239,1359,1268,1293]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">Cerithidea</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A234D75C6533284FD457FB2FFA2A8B1A" box="[1376,1429,1269,1292]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" sensu="stricto">s. s.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD1A0FACDFE848B26" box="[151,315,1303,1328]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithideopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neotaenioglossa" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD1A0FACDFE848B26" box="[151,315,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cerithideopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD047FACDFD998B26" box="[368,550,1303,1328]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithideopsilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neotaenioglossa" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD047FACDFD998B26" box="[368,550,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cerithideopsilla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This was followed by most subsequent authors including
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46533284FD584FAC2FF5C8B42" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Van Regteren Altena, C. O. (1940) A revision of Cerithidea (Cerithideopsilla) cingulata (Gmelin) and some related species (Mollusca, Gastropoda). Zoologische Mededelingen, 22, 211 - 222." type="journal article">Van Regteren Altena (1940)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46533284FD1C3FAE7FE038B42" author="Bequaert" box="[244,444,1340,1364]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Bequaert, J. C. (1942 a) Cerithidea and Batillaria in the western Atlantic. Johnsonia, 5, 1 - 11." type="journal article" year="1942" yearSuffix="a">Bequaert (1942a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46533284FD0CBFAE6FD1E8B42" author="Brandt" box="[508,673,1340,1365]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Brandt, R. A. M. (1974) The non-marine aquatic Mollusca of Thailand. Archiv fur Molluskenkunde, 105, 1 - 423." type="journal article" year="1974">Brandt (1974)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and was supported by a detailed anatomical study by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46533284FD405FAE6FF5B8B6E" author="Houbrick" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Houbrick, R. S. (1984) Revision of higher taxa in genus Cerithidea (Mesogastropoda: Potamididae) based on comparative morphology and biological data. American Malacological Bulletin, 2, 1 - 20." type="journal article" year="1984">Houbrick (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD1D8FA85FEE88B6E" box="[239,343,1375,1400]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Pirenella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD1D8FA85FEE88B6E" box="[239,343,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Pirenella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
continued to be treated as a genus, but was synonymized with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD52FFA85FB318B6E" box="[1048,1166,1375,1400]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Potamides" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD52FFA85FB318B6E" box="[1048,1166,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Potamides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46533284FD58FFABAFAD78B6E" author="Lozouet" box="[1208,1384,1375,1400]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Lozouet, P. (1986) Redefinition des genres Potamides et Pirenella (Gastropoda, Prosobranchia) a partir des especes actuelles et fossiles: implications phyletiques et biogeographiques. Annales de Paleontologie, 72, 163 - 210." type="journal article" year="1986">Lozouet (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCCB6356533284FD1F0FA5EFEEB883A" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
As a result of molecular phylogenetic analysis and a review of the shell characters of living and fossil genera,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46533284FD1A0FA7DFED48BD6" box="[151,363,1447,1472]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Reid, D. G., Dyal, P., Lozouet, P., Glaubrecht, M. & Williams, S. T. (2008) Mudwhelks and mangroves: the evolutionary history of an ecological association (Gastropoda: Potamididae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 47, 680 - 699. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2008.01.003" type="journal article">
|
||
Reid
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD1EFFA73FEB18BD6" box="[216,270,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2008)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
proposed a new classification of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD21AFA7DFC028BD6" box="[813,957,1447,1472]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Potamididae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The three former subgenera
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD42AFA7DFA2A8BD6" box="[1309,1429,1447,1472]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD42AFA7DFA2A8BD6" box="[1309,1429,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cerithidea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD1A0FA16FE848BF3" box="[151,315,1484,1509]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithideopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neotaenioglossa" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD1A0FA16FE848BF3" box="[151,315,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cerithideopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD04EFA16FD908BF3" box="[377,559,1484,1509]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithideopsilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neotaenioglossa" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD04EFA16FD908BF3" box="[377,559,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cerithideopsilla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were raised to generic rank, the enigmatic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD505FA17FB748BF3" box="[1074,1227,1484,1509]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithideopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neotaenioglossa" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="largillierti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD505FA17FB748BF3" box="[1074,1227,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. largillierti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the western Pacific was classified in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD085FA35FDEA881E" box="[434,597,1519,1544]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithideopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neotaenioglossa" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD085FA35FDEA881E" box="[434,597,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cerithideopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for the first time and ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD26AFA35FC6C881E" box="[861,979,1519,1544]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Potamides" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD26AFA35FC6C881E" box="[861,979,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Potamides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD2D2FA2BFB85881E" box="[997,1082,1521,1544]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Potamides" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="conicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD2D2FA2BFB85881E" box="[997,1082,1521,1544]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">conicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was shown to be a member of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD1A0F9CEFEF2883B" box="[151,333,1556,1581]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithideopsilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neotaenioglossa" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD1A0F9CEFEF2883B" box="[151,333,1556,1581]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cerithideopsilla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C369E5BE6533284FD1F0F9EDFDBD893E" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCCB6356533284FD1F0F9EDFDBD893E" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD1F0F9EDFEFE8846" bold="true" box="[199,321,1591,1616]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Shell: large (to
|
||
<quantity id="4C8B1BD06533284FD334F9EDFDE58846" box="[515,602,1591,1616]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="61.0">61 mm</quantity>
|
||
), delicate to solid, elongate, spire decollate; sculpture of axial ribs, one developed as prominent ventrolateral varix on body whorl (rarely weak or absent) and weakening thereafter; varices almost always absent on spire whorls; spiral ridges present on base, present or absent above periphery; aperture circular, peristome flared and thickened in adult, planar or slightly sinuous, with short anterior canal and slight posterior groove; columella straight or slightly twisted, lacking folds; colour often with spiral bands. Radula: rachidian tooth narrow with small central cusp; outer marginal lacks cusps and has wide flange on outer side of basal shaft (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46533284FD02BF8D5FE4B893E" author="Houbrick" box="[284,500,1807,1832]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Houbrick, R. S. (1984) Revision of higher taxa in genus Cerithidea (Mesogastropoda: Potamididae) based on comparative morphology and biological data. American Malacological Bulletin, 2, 1 - 20." type="journal article" year="1984">Houbrick 1984: 16</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C369E5BE6533284AD1F0F8EEFE958F73" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCCB6356533284CD1F0F8EEFAE78EC2" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1436,151,1977]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD1F0F8EEFE84895B" bold="true" box="[199,315,1844,1869]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The diagnostic characters of the shells of the three similar potamidid genera
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD42AF8EEFA2A895B" box="[1309,1429,1844,1869]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD42AF8EEFA2A895B" box="[1309,1429,1844,1869]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cerithidea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD1A0F88DFE848966" box="[151,315,1879,1904]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithideopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neotaenioglossa" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD1A0F88DFE848966" box="[151,315,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cerithideopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD045F88DFD978966" box="[370,552,1879,1904]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithideopsilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neotaenioglossa" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD045F88DFD978966" box="[370,552,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cerithideopsilla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were summarized by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46533284FD215F88DFC528966" box="[802,1005,1879,1904]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Reid, D. G., Dyal, P., Lozouet, P., Glaubrecht, M. & Williams, S. T. (2008) Mudwhelks and mangroves: the evolutionary history of an ecological association (Gastropoda: Potamididae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 47, 680 - 699. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2008.01.003" type="journal article">
|
||
Reid
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD269F883FC308966" box="[862,911,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2008)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD520F88DFB058966" box="[1047,1210,1879,1904]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithideopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neotaenioglossa" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD520F88DFB058966" box="[1047,1210,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cerithideopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
there are 2–3 spiral cords on the earliest spire whorls, which usually become obsolete or may increase to 5; there are numerous axial ribs that terminate at the strong spiral cord demarcating the base; varices are scattered over the spire and the ventrolateral varix is absent. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66533284FD0CCF81EFD0E89CB" box="[507,689,1988,2013]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithideopsilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neotaenioglossa" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276533284FD0CCF81EFD0E89CB" box="[507,689,1988,2013]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cerithideopsilla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
there are 3 spiral cords, numerous axial ribs and no varices on the spire whorls; the ventrolateral varix is usually present and the anterior canal of the aperture is well defined by a basal projection of the aperture. The spire is not decollate in either of these two genera, as it is in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66530284CD5EEFF66FAEE8EC3" box="[1241,1361,188,213]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276530284CD5EEFF66FAEE8EC3" box="[1241,1361,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Cerithidea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCCB6356530284CD1F0FF05FB4E8FBB" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,1977]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
The shell of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66530284CD060FF05FE708EEE" box="[343,463,223,248]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276530284CD060FF05FE708EEE" box="[343,463,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Cerithidea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is typically of light construction, as expected in relation to the habit of climbing onto trunks and vegetation, where the animals rest, attached only by mucus at the apertural lip, between periods of feeding activity on the substrate at low tide. One of the largest is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66530284CD24CFEF2FC588F56" box="[891,999,295,320]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="obtusa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276530284CD24CFEF2FC588F56" box="[891,999,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">C. obtusa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which is also more thick-shelled than other species; it rests on tree bases and even on the ground, where its relatively solid shell may be resistant to attack by predators such as large crabs and molluscivorous fish. Large samples of several species show dimorphism in shell size, which is possibly related to sex (e.g.
|
||
<figureCitation id="1348AAB06530284CD39CFE4EFD558FBA" box="[683,746,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1919,1941]" captionTargetBox="[166,1409,193,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[166,1410,193,1876]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 8. Cerithidea obtusa. A, Cerithium obtusum Lamarck, 1822, lectotype, Timor (probably in error) (MHNG INVE 51623). B – E, Melaka, Malaysia (NHMUK 20130237; views of same specimen). F, Phuket I., Thailand (NHMUK 20100441). G, H, Port Canning, West Bengal, India (NHMUK 20130240). I, Jelutong, Pulau Ubin, Singapore (NHMUK 20130239). J – M, Melaka, Malaysia (NHMUK 20130238; views of same specimen). Photography credit: A, MHNG." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10846375" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10846375/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
G, H), although this remains to be established.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCCB6356530284CD1F0FE6DFC8D8D2E" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,1977]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
All species are decollate, the apical
|
||
<quantity id="4C8B1BD06530284CD360FE6DFD7D8FD9" box="[599,706,439,464]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="7.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="5.0">5–10 mm</quantity>
|
||
of the spire being lost (e.g.
|
||
<figureCitation id="1348AAB06530284CD2CEFE6DFBCC8FD9" box="[1017,1139,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 3. A – M" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1821,1843]" captionTargetBox="[197,1383,193,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[197,1383,193,1798]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 3. A – M, Cerithidea weyersi. N – R, C. houbricki. A, C. weyersi Dautzenberg, 1899, syntype, Indrapura, Sumatra, Indonesia (IRSNB MT 2772). B – D, Kantang, Trang Prov., Thailand (NHMUK 20130230). E – G, Sumatra, Indonesia (NHMUK 1899.11.20.4; views of same specimen). H – J, between Pangandaran and Cipatujah, Java, Indonesia (ZMB 106428; H juvenile). K, between Pangandaran and Cipatujah, Java, Indonesia (ZMB 106426). L, M, Char Kukrimukri, Bhola, Bangladesh (NHMUK 20130231). N – Q, C. houbricki n. sp., paratype (N) AM C. 478233 and holotype (O – Q) AM C. 126895, Koravake, Gulf Prov., Papua New Guinea. R, Samberbaba, Yapen I., Papua New Guinea (USNM 835667). Photography credit: A, IRSNB." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10846365" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10846365/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs 3K, L</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1348AAB06530284CD548FE6DFB248FC6" box="[1151,1179,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 15. A – I" captionStartId="50.[151,250,1692,1714]" captionTargetBox="[245,1337,193,1669]" captionTargetId="figure@50.[245,1337,193,1671]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURE 15. A – I, Cerithidea rhizophorarum. J – AA, C. moerchii. A, C. rhizophorarum A. Adams, 1855, syntype, Cagayan de Oro, Mindanao, Philippines (NHMUK 1996432 / 4). B, no locality (NHMUK 1996432 / 7; not a syntype of C. rhizophorarum). C – H, Guijulngan, Negros Oriental, Philippines (USNM 232846; E – H views of same specimen). I, Batangas, Luzon, Philippines (USNM 243643). J, Tai Mei Tuk, Tolo Harbour, Hong Kong (NHMUK 20130263). K – N, Shiu Hau, Tong Fuk Min Wan, Lantau I., Hong Kong (NHMUK 20130264); L, M views of same specimen). O, P, Yoshida R., Oiehama, Kasaoka City, Hiroshima Pref., Japan (NHMUK 20130265). Q, Kushida R., Matsunase, Mie Pref., Japan (NHMUK 20130266). R, Yonekura, Kiire-nukumi-cho, Kagoshima City, Kagoshima Pref., Japan (NHMUK 20130267). S, Tsuyazaki, Fukuoka Pref., Japan (NHMUK 20130268). T, Hikawa R., Kumamoto Pref., Japan (NHMUK 20130269). U, Cerithium moerchii A. Adams in G. B. Sowerby II, 1855, syntype, no locality (NHMUK 20060321). V, Funaura Bay, Iriomote I., Ryukyu Is, Japan (NHMUK 20130270). W – Y, Ura, Tatsugou-cho, Amami Is, Kagoshima Pref., Japan (NHMUK 20130271; X, Y views of same specimen). Z, AA, Tamshui R., Bali, Taiwan (NHMUK 20070387)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10846387" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10846387/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">15</figureCitation>
|
||
O, P). This is a gradual process of dissolution of the delicate early whorls, which appears to continue throughout life, and the resulting opening is sealed by successive convex plugs of shell material secreted at the tip of the visceral mass. Dissolution does not appear to be an endogenous process connected with conservation of calcium carbonate or neutralization of tissue acidity during anaerobic respiration (cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46530284CD384FD9DFCEE8C76" author="Vermeij" box="[691,849,583,608]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Vermeij, G. J. (1973) Molluscs in mangrove swamps: physiognomy, diversity, and regional differences. Systematic Zoology, 22, 609 - 624. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 2412965" type="journal article" year="1973">Vermeij 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Instead, it is likely to be the result of erosion by acidic conditions in the detritus-rich sediments on which the snails crawl to feed at low tide. The ventral surface of the adult shell, in prolonged contact with the sediment, sometimes shows signs of dissolution that may even remove the surface sculpture (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1348AAB06530284CD0DDFD6EFD908CDA" box="[490,559,692,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 3. A – M" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1821,1843]" captionTargetBox="[197,1383,193,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[197,1383,193,1798]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 3. A – M, Cerithidea weyersi. N – R, C. houbricki. A, C. weyersi Dautzenberg, 1899, syntype, Indrapura, Sumatra, Indonesia (IRSNB MT 2772). B – D, Kantang, Trang Prov., Thailand (NHMUK 20130230). E – G, Sumatra, Indonesia (NHMUK 1899.11.20.4; views of same specimen). H – J, between Pangandaran and Cipatujah, Java, Indonesia (ZMB 106428; H juvenile). K, between Pangandaran and Cipatujah, Java, Indonesia (ZMB 106426). L, M, Char Kukrimukri, Bhola, Bangladesh (NHMUK 20130231). N – Q, C. houbricki n. sp., paratype (N) AM C. 478233 and holotype (O – Q) AM C. 126895, Koravake, Gulf Prov., Papua New Guinea. R, Samberbaba, Yapen I., Papua New Guinea (USNM 835667). Photography credit: A, IRSNB." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10846365" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10846365/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs 3</figureCitation>
|
||
N–P, 12H). Similarly, dissolution pits may be seen wherever the periostracum is damaged. Decollation may, nevertheless, be adaptive. It is a derived character not seen to such an extreme in other potamidids (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46530284CD052FD26FDA08D02" author="Reid" box="[357,543,764,789]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Reid, D. G., Dyal, P., Lozouet, P., Glaubrecht, M. & Williams, S. T. (2008) Mudwhelks and mangroves: the evolutionary history of an ecological association (Gastropoda: Potamididae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 47, 680 - 699. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2008.01.003" type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||
Reid
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276530284CD093FD27FE6A8D03" box="[420,469,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2008
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and might reduce the weight of the shell, or reduce vulnerability to predatory attack by removing the more easily damaged apical whorls.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCCB6356530284CD1F0FC9EFE1D8863" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,1977]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
Growth is determinate and the final whorl is modified by reduction of axial sculpture, the formation of a single strong axial rib (the ‘ventrolateral varix’) and a final flaring and thickening of the aperture (compare juvenile and adult in
|
||
<figureCitation id="1348AAB06530284CD1C3FC56FEF68DB2" box="[244,329,908,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 12. B – J" captionStartId="39.[151,250,1671,1693]" captionTargetBox="[256,1321,193,1633]" captionTargetId="figure@39.[256,1321,193,1634]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 12. B – J, Cerithidea quoyii. K – P, C. andamanensis. A, Q – CC, C. dohrni. A, Specimen labelled as a syntype of Cerithium quoyii Hombron & Jacquinot, 1834, ‘ Borneo’ (MNHN 25693), but this is not accepted (see text). This shell is probably a specimen of C. dohrni. B, Uglam Hujung, Kudat, Sabah, Malaysia (NHMUK 20130247). C, Ban Na Glua, Chantaburi, Thailand (NHMUK 20130248). D – G, C. quadrata G. B. Sowerby II, 1866, syntype, Melaka, Malaysia (NHMUK 20130228; views of same specimen). H – J, Ubin I., Singapore (NHMUK 20130249; I, J views of same specimen). K – N, C. andamanensis n. sp., holotype, King I., Mergui Arch., Burma (NHMUK 1887.3.10.24; views of same specimen). O, juvenile, Ao Nam Bor, Phuket I., Thailand (NHMUK 20130250). P, Andaman Is (NHMUK 20130251). Q, Manila, Philippines (NHMUK 20130252). R, Iwahig, Palawan, Philippines (USNM 862793). S – V, no locality (NHMUK 20130253; views of same specimen). W, X, Cavite, Luzon, Philippines (USNM 232955). Y, Z, Cerithium (Cerithidea) kieneri var. dohrni Kobelt, 1890, lectotype, Philippines (SMF 228131). AA, Lapu Lapu, Mactan, Philippines (NHMUK 20130254). BB, Abatan R., Bohol, Philippines (NHMUK 20130255). CC, Abatan R., Bohol, Philippines (MNHN M 49 / BC 2153). Photography credits: A, MNHN; Y, Z, S. Hof, courtesy R. Janssen, SMF." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285741/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs 12</figureCitation>
|
||
O, K,
|
||
<date id="FFCD90F56530284CD0BAFC56FE0A8DB2" box="[397,437,908,932]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" value="1914-01">14I</date>
|
||
, A). This growth pattern is typical of cerithioideans and has been considered adaptive in relation to stability on soft substrates and protection against predatory crabs that attack the aperture and ‘peel’ the shell (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46530284CD1EAFC0EFDA68DFB" author="Salgeback" box="[221,537,980,1005]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Salgeback, J. & Savazzi, E. (2006) Constructional morphology of cerithiform gastropods. Paleontological Research, 10, 233 - 259. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2517 / prpsj. 10.233" type="journal article" year="2006">Sälgeback & Savazzi 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46530284CD318FC0EFD638DFA" author="Vermeij" box="[559,732,980,1005]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Vermeij, G. J. (1973) Molluscs in mangrove swamps: physiognomy, diversity, and regional differences. Systematic Zoology, 22, 609 - 624. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 2412965" type="journal article" year="1973">Vermeij (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
pointed out that in tree-climbing potamidids the form of the shell is a compromise between achieving stability on sediment and on a hard substrate. The flared aperture generally has a planar margin and is inclined at an angle to the axis of coiling (i.e. opisthocline) so that the shell opening can be held closely against a flat surface such as the trunk of a tree (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1348AAB06530284CD502FBE5FB368A4E" box="[1077,1161,1087,1112]" captionStart="FIGURE 12. B – J" captionStartId="39.[151,250,1671,1693]" captionTargetBox="[256,1321,193,1633]" captionTargetId="figure@39.[256,1321,193,1634]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 12. B – J, Cerithidea quoyii. K – P, C. andamanensis. A, Q – CC, C. dohrni. A, Specimen labelled as a syntype of Cerithium quoyii Hombron & Jacquinot, 1834, ‘ Borneo’ (MNHN 25693), but this is not accepted (see text). This shell is probably a specimen of C. dohrni. B, Uglam Hujung, Kudat, Sabah, Malaysia (NHMUK 20130247). C, Ban Na Glua, Chantaburi, Thailand (NHMUK 20130248). D – G, C. quadrata G. B. Sowerby II, 1866, syntype, Melaka, Malaysia (NHMUK 20130228; views of same specimen). H – J, Ubin I., Singapore (NHMUK 20130249; I, J views of same specimen). K – N, C. andamanensis n. sp., holotype, King I., Mergui Arch., Burma (NHMUK 1887.3.10.24; views of same specimen). O, juvenile, Ao Nam Bor, Phuket I., Thailand (NHMUK 20130250). P, Andaman Is (NHMUK 20130251). Q, Manila, Philippines (NHMUK 20130252). R, Iwahig, Palawan, Philippines (USNM 862793). S – V, no locality (NHMUK 20130253; views of same specimen). W, X, Cavite, Luzon, Philippines (USNM 232955). Y, Z, Cerithium (Cerithidea) kieneri var. dohrni Kobelt, 1890, lectotype, Philippines (SMF 228131). AA, Lapu Lapu, Mactan, Philippines (NHMUK 20130254). BB, Abatan R., Bohol, Philippines (NHMUK 20130255). CC, Abatan R., Bohol, Philippines (MNHN M 49 / BC 2153). Photography credits: A, MNHN; Y, Z, S. Hof, courtesy R. Janssen, SMF." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285741/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
|
||
T, V); in the potamidid
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66530284CD1A0FBBEFEDD8A6B" box="[151,354,1124,1149]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Terebralia" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sulcata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276530284CD1A0FBBEFEDD8A6B" box="[151,354,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Terebralia sulcata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
this has been considered as an adaptation against desiccation (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46530284CD52EFBBEFAF68A6B" author="Salgeback" box="[1049,1353,1124,1149]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Salgeback, J. & Savazzi, E. (2006) Constructional morphology of cerithiform gastropods. Paleontological Research, 10, 233 - 259. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2517 / prpsj. 10.233" type="journal article" year="2006">Sälgeback & Savazzi 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66530284CD1A0FB5DFEB08AB6" box="[151,271,1159,1184]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276530284CD1A0FB5DFEB08AB6" box="[151,271,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Cerithidea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
it is likely that this shape also functions to improve attachment by dried mucus. In five species (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66530284CD4B5FB52FF4F8AD2" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276530284CD4B5FB52FF4F8AD2" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">C. sinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66530284CD1CAFB77FE108AD3" box="[253,431,1196,1221]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cerithiidae" genus="Cerithium" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="charbonnieri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276530284CD1CAFB77FE108AD3" box="[253,431,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">C. charbonnieri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66530284CD08AFB77FDE98AD3" box="[445,598,1196,1221]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tonkiniana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276530284CD08AFB77FDE98AD3" box="[445,598,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">C. tonkiniana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66530284CD354FB77FC928AD3" box="[611,813,1196,1221]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="rhizophorarum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276530284CD354FB77FC928AD3" box="[611,813,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">C. rhizophorarum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66530284CD20DFB77FC018AD3" box="[826,958,1196,1221]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="moerchii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276530284CD20DFB77FC018AD3" box="[826,958,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">C. moerchii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) the apertural margin is slightly sinuous in side view so that the aperture cannot be applied tightly to a flat surface (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1348AAB06530284CD28BFB15FBAD8AFE" box="[956,1042,1231,1256]" captionStart="FIGURE 7. A – L" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1809,1831]" captionTargetBox="[204,1382,193,1787]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[204,1383,193,1789]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 7. A – L, Cerithidea sinensis. M – V, C. charbonnieri. A, B, Cerithium sinense Philippi, 1848, syntypes, China (MNHN 25694). C, D, Shanghai, China (NHMUK 20130235). E – I, L, Hai Phong, Vietnam (USNM 207877; E – H views of same specimen). J, Da Nang, Vietnam (NHMUK 1901.12.12.175). K, Aphanistylus moreleti Wattebled, 1886, syntype, Huan An, Hue, Vietnam (MNHN 25687). M – R, Tapi River estuary, Surat Thani, Thailand (NHMUK 20100424; N, R and O – Q views of two specimens). S, Lubok Antu, Sarawak, Malaysia (NHMUK 20130236). T, U, Cerithium unicarinatum Metcalfe, 1852, syntype, Borneo (NHMUK 20130226). V, Cerithium charbonnieri Petit de la Saussaye, 1851, syntype, Borneo (MNHN 25689). Photography credits: A, B, K, V, MNHN." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10846373" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10846373/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 7G</figureCitation>
|
||
, Q). Three of these five species (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66530284CD4B5FB0AFF4F8B1A" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276530284CD4B5FB0AFF4F8B1A" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">C. sinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66530284CD1C9FB2FFE288B1B" box="[254,407,1268,1293]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tonkiniana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276530284CD1C9FB2FFE288B1B" box="[254,407,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">C. tonkiniana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66530284CD092FB2FFD978B1B" box="[421,552,1268,1293]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="moerchii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276530284CD092FB2FFD978B1B" box="[421,552,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">C. moerchii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) extend to the highest latitudes in the entire genus, beyond the mainly tropical range of mangrove trees, and can be found attached to salt marsh plants and reeds, so this form of the aperture could be functional in relation to attachment to stems of narrow diameter. Whether the ventrolateral varix improves stability by preventing rolling is doubtful, because its position is rather variable (e.g.
|
||
<figureCitation id="1348AAB06530284CD560FA85FB188B6E" box="[1111,1191,1375,1400]" captionStart="FIGURE 12. B – J" captionStartId="39.[151,250,1671,1693]" captionTargetBox="[256,1321,193,1633]" captionTargetId="figure@39.[256,1321,193,1634]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 12. B – J, Cerithidea quoyii. K – P, C. andamanensis. A, Q – CC, C. dohrni. A, Specimen labelled as a syntype of Cerithium quoyii Hombron & Jacquinot, 1834, ‘ Borneo’ (MNHN 25693), but this is not accepted (see text). This shell is probably a specimen of C. dohrni. B, Uglam Hujung, Kudat, Sabah, Malaysia (NHMUK 20130247). C, Ban Na Glua, Chantaburi, Thailand (NHMUK 20130248). D – G, C. quadrata G. B. Sowerby II, 1866, syntype, Melaka, Malaysia (NHMUK 20130228; views of same specimen). H – J, Ubin I., Singapore (NHMUK 20130249; I, J views of same specimen). K – N, C. andamanensis n. sp., holotype, King I., Mergui Arch., Burma (NHMUK 1887.3.10.24; views of same specimen). O, juvenile, Ao Nam Bor, Phuket I., Thailand (NHMUK 20130250). P, Andaman Is (NHMUK 20130251). Q, Manila, Philippines (NHMUK 20130252). R, Iwahig, Palawan, Philippines (USNM 862793). S – V, no locality (NHMUK 20130253; views of same specimen). W, X, Cavite, Luzon, Philippines (USNM 232955). Y, Z, Cerithium (Cerithidea) kieneri var. dohrni Kobelt, 1890, lectotype, Philippines (SMF 228131). AA, Lapu Lapu, Mactan, Philippines (NHMUK 20130254). BB, Abatan R., Bohol, Philippines (NHMUK 20130255). CC, Abatan R., Bohol, Philippines (MNHN M 49 / BC 2153). Photography credits: A, MNHN; Y, Z, S. Hof, courtesy R. Janssen, SMF." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285741/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
|
||
Q–S, W–Y, AA–CC); stability would only be enhanced if this varix were always close to 270° behind the apertural edge. Instead, it is likely that the varix serves mainly as a second line of defence against predators that break the thickened aperture and peel away the thin body whorl. Evidence of such damage that stops at the ventrolateral varix is frequent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66530284CD1A0FA35FEB0881E" box="[151,271,1519,1544]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276530284CD1A0FA35FEB0881E" box="[151,271,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Cerithidea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but, as observed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66530284CD0C7FA35FC10881E" authority="Salgeback & Savazzi 2006" authorityName="Salgeback & Savazzi" authorityYear="2006" box="[496,943,1519,1544]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Terebralia" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276530284CD0C7FA35FDDD881E" box="[496,610,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Terebralia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46530284CD344FA35FC18881E" author="Salgeback" box="[627,935,1519,1544]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Salgeback, J. & Savazzi, E. (2006) Constructional morphology of cerithiform gastropods. Paleontological Research, 10, 233 - 259. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2517 / prpsj. 10.233" type="journal article" year="2006">Sälgeback & Savazzi 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, sublethal breakages do not extend past this barrier, presumably because they are always lethal. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66530284CD3CAF9CEFCCA883B" box="[765,885,1556,1581]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276530284CD3CAF9CEFCCA883B" box="[765,885,1556,1581]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Cerithidea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the ventrolateral varix is not only thickened, but also bears two internal teeth (pers. obs. in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66530284CD342F9E2FD468846" box="[629,761,1591,1616]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="moerchii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276530284CD342F9E2FD468846" box="[629,761,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">C. moerchii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). In some specimens this varix appears to be formed by the fusion of two axial ribs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCCB6356530284CD1F0F9A5FC308966" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,1977]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
The anatomy and radula of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66530284CD0CCF9A5FDCC888E" box="[507,627,1663,1688]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276530284CD0CCF9A5FDCC888E" box="[507,627,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Cerithidea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have been described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46530284CD2B0F9A5FB83888E" author="Houbrick" box="[903,1084,1663,1688]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Houbrick, R. S. (1984) Revision of higher taxa in genus Cerithidea (Mesogastropoda: Potamididae) based on comparative morphology and biological data. American Malacological Bulletin, 2, 1 - 20." type="journal article" year="1984">Houbrick (1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46530284CD570F9A5FB3C888E" author="Houbrick" box="[1095,1155,1663,1688]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Houbrick, R. S. (1986) Cerithidea reidi, spec. nov., from Western Australia. Veliger, 28, 280 - 286." type="journal article" year="1986">1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). A notable peculiarity is the presence of a pallial eye on the mantle margin, which protrudes into the anterior canal of the shell when the animal is at rest. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66530284CD04CF912FE5788F6" box="[379,488,1735,1760]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="obtusa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276530284CD04CF912FE5788F6" box="[379,488,1735,1760]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">C. obtusa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the eye has an epithelial lens and cup-shaped
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66530284CD2CEF913FAA288F6" authority="Pflugfelder 1930" authorityName="Pflugfelder" authorityYear="1930" box="[1017,1309,1735,1760]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cornea">
|
||
cornea (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46530284CD564F91DFAAA88F6" author="Pflugfelder" box="[1107,1301,1735,1760]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Pflugfelder, O. (1930) Das Mantelauge von Potamides obtusus Lam. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 89, 276 - 283." type="journal article" year="1930">Pflugfelder 1930</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and pallial eyes of varying complexity are found in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66530284CD36DF936FD428913" box="[602,765,1772,1797]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithideopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neotaenioglossa" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276530284CD36DF936FD428913" box="[602,765,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Cerithideopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66530284CD23CF936FC7E8913" box="[779,961,1772,1797]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithideopsilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neotaenioglossa" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276530284CD23CF936FC7E8913" box="[779,961,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Cerithideopsilla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and other cerithioideans (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46530284CD5D6F936FA308912" author="Houbrick" box="[1249,1423,1772,1797]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Houbrick, R. S. (1984) Revision of higher taxa in genus Cerithidea (Mesogastropoda: Potamididae) based on comparative morphology and biological data. American Malacological Bulletin, 2, 1 - 20." type="journal article" year="1984">Houbrick 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). As expected in snails that live mainly out of water, the gill and osphradium are reduced and the mantle cavity is vascularized (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46530284CD005F8EEFE60895A" author="Houlihan" box="[306,479,1844,1869]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Houlihan, D. F. (1979) Respiration in air and water of three mangrove snails. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 41 (2), 143 - 161. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / 0022 - 0981 (79) 90049 - 2" type="journal article" year="1979">Houlihan 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46530284CD0DCF8EEFD27895A" author="Houbrick" box="[491,664,1844,1869]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Houbrick, R. S. (1984) Revision of higher taxa in genus Cerithidea (Mesogastropoda: Potamididae) based on comparative morphology and biological data. American Malacological Bulletin, 2, 1 - 20." type="journal article" year="1984">Houbrick 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The living animal is sometimes brightly coloured, as first recorded by Adams (in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46530284CD001F88DFD8E8966" author="Adams" box="[310,561,1879,1904]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Adams, A. & Reeve, L. (1848 - 1850) Mollusca. In: Adams, A. (Ed.), The Zoology of the Voyage of H. M. S. Samarang. Reeve, Benham & Reeve, London, x + 87 pp." type="book" year="1848">Adams & Reeve 1848</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; see also
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46530284CD3ABF88DFC8C8966" author="Fukuda" box="[668,819,1879,1904]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Fukuda, H. (2000) Gastropods I: general view. In: Sato, M. (Ed.), Life in Ariake Sea: Biodiversity in Tidal Flats and Estuaries. Kaiyu-sha, Tokyo, pp. 213 - 252." type="book chapter" year="2000">Fukuda 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="1348AAB06530284CD209F88DFC3D8966" box="[830,898,1879,1904]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1873,1895]" captionTargetBox="[188,1412,193,1848]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[188,1412,193,1849]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 2. Living animals of Cerithidea species (not to scale). A. C. charbonnieri, Tapi R. estuary, Surat Thani, Thailand. B. C. obtusa, W Johore, Malaysia. C. C. anticipata, Brunswick R., NSW, Australia. D. C. quoyii, Singapore. E. C. moerchii, Kumamoto City, Kumamoto Pref., Kyushu, Japan. F. C. tonkiniana, Kumamoto City, Kumamoto Pref., Kyushu, Japan. G. C. reidi, Port Smith, Western Australia. H. C. weyersi, Tha Pom, Krabi, Thailand. Photography credits: C, D. Riek; D, S. K. Tan; E, F, H. Fukuda (from Fukuda, 2000). H, B. Craig." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10846363" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10846363/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCCB6356530284CD1F0F8A7FBE689AE" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,1977]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
In Southeast Asia several common species (especially
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66530284CD26CF8A7FC728983" box="[859,973,1916,1941]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="obtusa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276530284CD26CF8A7FC728983" box="[859,973,1916,1941]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">C. obtusa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66530284CD526F8A7FBC18982" box="[1041,1150,1917,1940]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="quoyii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276530284CD526F8A7FBC18982" box="[1041,1150,1917,1940]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">C. quoyii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) are of local economic importance and sold in food markets (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46530284CD308F87AFD7089AE" author="Brandt" box="[575,719,1952,1977]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Brandt, R. A. M. (1974) The non-marine aquatic Mollusca of Thailand. Archiv fur Molluskenkunde, 105, 1 - 423." type="journal article" year="1974">Brandt 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46530284CD3ECF87AFCC689AE" author="Poutiers" box="[731,889,1952,1977]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Poutiers, J. M. (1998) Gastropods. In: Carpenter, K. E. & Niem, V. H. (Eds.), The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 1. FAO, Rome, pp. 363 - 648." type="book" year="1998">Poutiers 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46530284CD2B3F87AFBF289AE" author="Hamli" box="[900,1101,1952,1977]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Hamli, H., Idris, M. H., Abu Hena, M. K., Wong, S. K. & Arshad, A. (2013) Checklist and habitat of edible gastropods from Sarawak, Malaysia. Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 8, 412 - 418. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3923 / jfas. 2013.412.418" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Hamli
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276530284CD2E6F87BFBBD89AF" box="[977,1026,1952,1977]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF0CE6BD6531284DD1A0F84AFC1289F5" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285732/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" targetBox="[203,1385,201,1916]" targetPageId="11">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCCB6356531284DD1A0F84AFC1289F5" blockId="11.[151,1436,1936,2019]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276531284DD1A0F84AFEA789B0" bold="true" box="[151,280,1936,1958]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Molecular phylogeny of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66531284DD31BF84AFD2789B0" box="[556,664,1936,1958]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276531284DD31BF84AFD2789B0" box="[556,664,1936,1958]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Cerithidea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species produced by Bayesian analysis of partial COI sequences, using
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66531284DD1A0F875FE8389D3" box="[151,316,1967,1989]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithideopsilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neotaenioglossa" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276531284DD1A0F875FE8389D3" box="[151,316,1967,1989]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Cerithideopsilla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species as outgroup (after Reid
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276531284DD3B1F86AFD0C89D3" box="[646,691,1967,1989]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2013). Localities details given by Reid
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276531284DD564F86AFB3F89D3" box="[1107,1152,1967,1989]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2013). Support values are posterior probabilities; only values ≥0.95 (i.e. with strong support) are shown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCCB6356536284AD1F0FF42FE958F73" blockId="12.[151,1436,151,357]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
In the following accounts of the species, the arrangement follows an approximate phylogenetic sequence. The COI phylogeny (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE2CBC46536284AD06DFF66FDA28EC2" author="Reid" box="[346,541,188,213]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Reid, D. G., Claremont, M., Smith, L., Shamoto, M., Glaubrecht, M. & Ozawa, T. (2013) Mosaics in the mangroves: allopatric diversification of tree-climbing mudwhelks (Gastropoda: Potamididae: Cerithidea) in the Indo-West Pacific. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 110, 564 - 580." type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Reid
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276536284AD0ACFF67FE6F8EC3" box="[411,464,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="1348AAB06536284AD31BFF66FDD08EC2" box="[556,623,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1936,1958]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,201,1916]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[196,1387,193,1917]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 1. Molecular phylogeny of Cerithidea species produced by Bayesian analysis of partial COI sequences, using Cerithideopsilla species as outgroup (after Reid et al. 2013). Localities details given by Reid et al. (2013). Support values are posterior probabilities; only values ≥ 0.95 (i. e. with strong support) are shown." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285732/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
) identifies the following monophyletic groups: (1)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66536284AD5FCFF67FAFB8EC2" box="[1227,1348,189,212]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="weyersi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276536284AD5FCFF67FAFB8EC2" box="[1227,1348,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">C. weyersi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; (2)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66536284AD4B5FF67FF4C8EEE" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="balteata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276536284AD4B5FF67FF4C8EEE" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">C. balteata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66536284AD032FF3AFE3B8EEE" box="[261,388,224,248]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276536284AD032FF3AFE3B8EEE" box="[261,388,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">C. sinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66536284AD0A1FF3AFDF18EEE" box="[406,590,223,248]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cerithiidae" genus="Cerithium" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="charbonnieri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276536284AD0A1FF3AFDF18EEE" box="[406,590,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">C. charbonnieri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; (3)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66536284AD3B9FF3AFD418EEE" box="[654,766,223,248]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="obtusa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276536284AD3B9FF3AFD418EEE" box="[654,766,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">C. obtusa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; (4)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66536284AD209FF3AFC6A8EEE" box="[830,981,224,248]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="anticipata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276536284AD209FF3AFC6A8EEE" box="[830,981,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">C. anticipata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66536284AD2DFFF3AFBFE8EEE" box="[1000,1089,223,248]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="reidi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276536284AD2DFFF3AFBFE8EEE" box="[1000,1089,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">C. reidi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66536284AD563FF3AFB008EEE" box="[1108,1215,224,248]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="quoyii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276536284AD563FF3AFB008EEE" box="[1108,1215,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">C. quoyii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66536284AD5E5FF3AFAFD8EEE" box="[1234,1346,223,248]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dohrni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276536284AD5E5FF3AFAFD8EEE" box="[1234,1346,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">C. dohrni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; (5)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66536284AD4B5FF3AFF408F0B" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="decollata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276536284AD4B5FF3AFF408F0B" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">C. decollata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; (6)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66536284AD00DFEDFFE6A8F0B" box="[314,469,260,285]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tonkiniana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276536284AD00DFEDFFE6A8F0B" box="[314,469,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">C. tonkiniana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66536284AD0D3FEDFFDD68F0B" box="[484,617,260,285]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="moerchii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276536284AD0D3FEDFFDD68F0B" box="[484,617,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">C. moerchii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66536284AD23EFEDFFC288F0B" box="[777,919,260,285]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="houbricki">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276536284AD23EFEDFFC288F0B" box="[777,919,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">C. houbricki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66536284AD290FEDFFBD68F0B" box="[935,1129,260,285]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="andamanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276536284AD290FEDFFBD68F0B" box="[935,1129,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">C. andamanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73CDB66536284AD593FEDFFACF8F0B" box="[1188,1392,260,285]" class="Gastropoda" family="Potamididae" genus="Cerithidea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="rhizophorarum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9076A276536284AD593FEDFFACF8F0B" box="[1188,1392,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">C. rhizophorarum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are known only from shell material and have been added to groups 1, 4 and 6 respectively, on the basis of shell resemblance.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |