319 lines
36 KiB
XML
319 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document id="6523BD35E73B9291B94361715654D69A" ID-CLB-Dataset="45364" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3826.1.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6f4b1535-6c6b-4446-aa26-b1ba83ad9126" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="228537" ID-ZooBank="53549D58-8F38-47B5-879F-0245E900C131" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460444968431" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Merle, Didier, Pacaud, Jean-Michel, Métais, Grégoire, Bartolini, Annachiara, Lashari, Rafiq A., Brohi, Imdad A., Solangi, Sarfraz H., Marivaux, Laurent & Welcomme, Jean-Loup" docDate="2014" docId="03A087E00E43FFB8FF7FFF36FDA7FA94" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03826p138.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3826 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Lyrischapa Aldrich 1911" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="111" masterDocId="FF99FF980E49FFB2FFE8FFEEFFDAFFAB" masterDocTitle="Volutidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) of the Lakhra Formation (Earliest Eocene, Sindh, Pakistan): systematics, biostratigraphy and paleobiogeography" masterLastPageNumber="138" masterPageNumber="101" pageNumber="111" updateTime="1698333283847" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="5728766E6AB5D38EF9F39BB12881DC24">Volutidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) of the Lakhra Formation (Earliest Eocene, Sindh, Pakistan): systematics, biostratigraphy and paleobiogeography</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="EBB4F755BE9A8F508F5EDD17333E96BF">Merle, Didier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5DC664B0CDAF66B2ACD6B58785E7BF01">Pacaud, Jean-Michel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D79CE2A7DEEDFA8B19344503248A7ECD">Métais, Grégoire</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="89CADAD8C4369F492695B18867F0D45F">Bartolini, Annachiara</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3CD656EE967D36D1839458C51263E844">Lashari, Rafiq A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B7D40C2ECEF1A3613188C2C691788C67">Brohi, Imdad A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7BFD980D3D2A53751FBBD5ACECD96409">Solangi, Sarfraz H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="55486DC15A4D66A8EBA2CA5DE21034C9">Marivaux, Laurent</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="400AF4D0793AEB92461B6234AD50E0A5">Welcomme, Jean-Loup</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="238958A853B6B6AF7DA6DDB7FF4188FA">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="6A1D32533C82C949C721C356857B9F01">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="62E6C3295D05F7FD2021E094ED420B07" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="E19A892A74955240AD9D34449FC65A89">3826</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="CB1764222A7CF64497E02F6337B40E17" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="6603899C0CBF79574F79996B46F970C3">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="3B3BEC43FEE0872A126F0CC83DCC8276">101</mods:start>
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<mods:identifier id="0A2B40775205FEDC02DDF76FEC0FCC4D" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3826.1.3</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03A087E00E43FFB8FF7FFF36FDA7FA94" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6137814" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119509277" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6137814" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A087E00E43FFB8FF7FFF36FDA7FA94" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A087E00E43FFB8FF7FFF36FDA7FA94" lastPageNumber="111" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">
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<subSubSection id="C313657D0E43FFB8FF7FFF36FDF9FF59" box="[151,547,215,242]" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB636F60E43FFB8FF7FFF36FDF9FF59" blockId="10.[151,547,215,242]" box="[151,547,215,242]" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">
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<heading id="D0FE819A0E43FFB8FF7FFF36FDF9FF59" bold="true" box="[151,547,215,242]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E43FFB8FF7FFF36FDF9FF59" bold="true" box="[151,547,215,242]" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E43FFB8FF06FF39FDF9FF59" ID-CoL="8PPYT" authority="Aldrich, 1911" authorityName="Aldrich" authorityYear="1911" box="[238,547,215,242]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" genus="Lyrischapa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E43FFB8FF06FF39FEAEFF5A" bold="true" box="[238,372,215,241]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Lyrischapa</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF984B070E43FFB8FE93FF36FDF9FF59" author="Aldrich" box="[379,547,216,242]" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" refString="Aldrich, T. H. (1911) New Eocene fossils from the Southern Gulf States. Bulletins of American Paleontology, 5 (22), 1 - 24." type="journal article" year="1911">Aldrich, 1911</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C313657D0E43FFB8FF7FFEF6FB05FE85" box="[151,1247,280,302]" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BB636F60E43FFB8FF7FFEF6FB05FE85" blockId="10.[151,1247,280,302]" box="[151,1247,280,302]" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">
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<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E43FFB8FF7FFEF6FEF8FE85" bold="true" box="[151,290,280,302]" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">
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<typeStatus id="54B288540E43FFB8FF7FFEF6FF16FE85" box="[151,204,280,302]" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Type</typeStatus>
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species.
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E43FFB8FEC1FEF6FDA2FE85" authority="Aldrich, 1911" authorityName="Aldrich" authorityYear="1911" box="[297,632,280,302]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" genus="Lyrischapa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="harrisi">
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<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E43FFB8FEC1FEF6FE3CFE85" box="[297,486,280,302]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Lyrischapa harrisi</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF984B070E43FFB8FE04FEF6FDA2FE85" author="Aldrich" box="[492,632,280,302]" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" refString="Aldrich, T. H. (1911) New Eocene fossils from the Southern Gulf States. Bulletins of American Paleontology, 5 (22), 1 - 24." type="journal article" year="1911">Aldrich, 1911</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Middle Eocene, Mississippi,
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<collectingCountry id="F31E76660E43FFB8FC45FEF6FC3BFE85" box="[941,993,280,302]" name="United States of America" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">USA</collectingCountry>
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) by original designation.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C313657D0E43FFB8FF7FFEB4FDA7FA94" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BB636F60E43FFB8FF7FFEB4FDA7FA94" blockId="10.[151,1437,346,1343]" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">
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<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E43FFB8FF7FFEB4FEC6FED8" bold="true" box="[151,284,346,371]" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Discussion.</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF984B070E43FFB8FECBFEB5FE6EFED8" author="Wenz" box="[291,436,347,371]" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" refString="Wenz, W. (1943) Handbuch der Palaozoologie. Gastropoda. Teil 1.2, n ° 6, pp. 1201 - 1506." type="journal article" year="1943">Wenz (1943)</bibRefCitation>
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assigned
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<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E43FFB8FDCAFEB4FC82FED8" authority="Wenz, 1943" authorityName="Wenz" authorityYear="1943" box="[546,856,346,371]" class="Gastropoda" genus="Diconomorpha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E43FFB8FDCAFEB4FD16FED8" box="[546,716,346,371]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Diconomorpha</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF984B070E43FFB8FD3BFEB5FC82FED8" author="Wenz" box="[723,856,347,371]" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" refString="Wenz, W. (1943) Handbuch der Palaozoologie. Gastropoda. Teil 1.2, n ° 6, pp. 1201 - 1506." type="journal article" year="1943">Wenz, 1943</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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[
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<typeStatus id="54B288540E43FFB8FC8EFEB5FC43FED8" box="[870,921,347,371]" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">type</typeStatus>
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species
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<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E43FFB8FC10FEB4FA5FFED8" authority="Douville, 1929" authorityName="Douville" authorityYear="1929" box="[1016,1413,346,371]" class="Acantharia" family="Diploconidae" genus="Diploconus" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Arthracanthida" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" rank="species" species="elegans">
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<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E43FFB8FC10FEB4FB0FFED8" box="[1016,1237,346,371]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Diploconus elegans</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF984B070E43FFB8FB35FEB4FA5FFED8" author="Douville" box="[1245,1413,346,371]" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" refString="Douville, H. (1929) Les couches a Cardita beaumonti dans le Sind. Memoirs of the Geological Survey of India, Palaeontologia Indica, New Series, 10 (3), 27 - 73." type="journal article" year="1929">Douvillé, 1929</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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=
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<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E43FFB8FF7FFE90FE01FE3C" authority="Douville, 1929" authorityName="Douville" authorityYear="1929" box="[151,475,382,407]" class="Acantharia" family="Diploconidae" genus="Diploconus" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Arthracanthida" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E43FFB8FF7FFE90FEC2FE3C" box="[151,280,382,407]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Diploconus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF984B070E43FFB8FECFFE90FE01FE3C" author="Douville" box="[295,475,382,407]" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" refString="Douville, H. (1929) Les couches a Cardita beaumonti dans le Sind. Memoirs of the Geological Survey of India, Palaeontologia Indica, New Series, 10 (3), 27 - 73." type="journal article" year="1929">Douvillé, 1929</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, non Candèze (1860) [Insecta] by original designation] to the Pholidotominae Cossmann, 1896, but
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<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E43FFB8FE7AFE4CFDF5FE10" box="[402,559,418,443]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Volutocristata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF984B070E43FFB8FDD1FE4CFCB7FE10" author="Gardner" box="[569,877,418,443]" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" refString="Gardner, J. H. & Bowles, E. O. (1934) Early Tertiary gastropods from the Isthmus of Tehuantepec. Washington Academy of Science Journal, 24, 241 - 248." type="journal article" year="1934">Gardner and Bowles, 1934</bibRefCitation>
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[
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<typeStatus id="54B288540E43FFB8FC95FE4DFC6AFE10" box="[893,944,419,443]" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E43FFB8FBF4FE4AFAACFE10" authority="Gardner, 1934" authorityName="Gardner" authorityYear="1934" box="[1052,1398,418,443]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" genus="Voluta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="chiapasensis">
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<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E43FFB8FBF4FE4AFB13FE10" box="[1052,1225,418,443]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">V. chiapasensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF984B070E43FFB8FB3BFE4CFAACFE10" author="Gardner" box="[1235,1398,418,443]" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" refString="Gardner, J. H. & Bowles, E. O. (1934) Early Tertiary gastropods from the Isthmus of Tehuantepec. Washington Academy of Science Journal, 24, 241 - 248." type="journal article" year="1934">Gardner, 1934</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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by original designation] and
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<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E43FFB8FE28FE28FDE7FE74" box="[448,573,454,479]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" genus="Lyrischapa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E43FFB8FE28FE28FDE7FE74" box="[448,573,454,479]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Lyrischapa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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to the
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<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E43FFB8FD7CFE28FCD8FE74" box="[660,770,454,479]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Volutinae">Volutinae</taxonomicName>
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, in spite of close similarities between these three genera.
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<bibRefCitation id="EF984B070E43FFB8FF7FFE04FEEDFDA8" author="Givens" box="[151,311,490,515]" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" refString="Givens, C. R. (1979) The gastropod genus Volutocristata Gardner and Bowles (Eocene; California, Mexico): a synonym of Lyrischapa Aldrich (Eocene; Gulf Coast). Tulane Studies in Geology and Paleontology, 15, 117 - 128." type="journal article" year="1979">Givens (1979)</bibRefCitation>
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demonstrated that
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<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E43FFB8FDE3FE04FD72FDA8" box="[523,680,490,515]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Volutocristata</emphasis>
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is a junior synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E43FFB8FC47FE04FBF6FDA8" box="[943,1068,490,515]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" genus="Lyrischapa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E43FFB8FC47FE04FBF6FDA8" box="[943,1068,490,515]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Lyrischapa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and, following
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<bibRefCitation id="EF984B070E43FFB8FB34FE04FF39FD8C" author="Pilsbry" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" refString="Pilsbry, H. A. & Olsson A. A. (1954) Systems of the Volutidae. Bulletins of American Paleontology, 35 (152), 1 - 307." type="journal article" year="1954">Pilsbry & Olsson (1954)</bibRefCitation>
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, he assigned
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<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E43FFB8FE6BFDE0FDDAFD8C" box="[387,512,526,551]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" genus="Lyrischapa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E43FFB8FE6BFDE0FDDAFD8C" box="[387,512,526,551]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Lyrischapa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
to the
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E43FFB8FDB0FDE0FD28FD8C" box="[600,754,526,551]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Fulgorariinae">Fulgorariinae</taxonomicName>
|
|
, because of the deviated protoconch, numerous columellar folds, a shallow siphonal notch and a weak siphonal fasciole. Later,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF984B070E43FFB8FC77FDDCFB9BFDE0" author="Givens" box="[927,1089,562,587]" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" refString="Givens, C. R. (1991) Old world Tethyan occurrences of Lyrischapa (Gastropoda: Volutidae) and biogeographic implications. Journal of Paleontology, 65, 661 - 670." type="journal article" year="1991">Givens (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
suggested that
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E43FFB8FB1AFDDCFA46FDE0" box="[1266,1436,562,587]" class="Gastropoda" genus="Diconomorpha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E43FFB8FB1AFDDCFA46FDE0" box="[1266,1436,562,587]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Diconomorpha</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
might be a junior synonym of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E43FFB8FE17FDB8FDA6FDC4" box="[511,636,598,623]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" genus="Lyrischapa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E43FFB8FE17FDB8FDA6FDC4" box="[511,636,598,623]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Lyrischapa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. In addition, he considered that the assignment of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E43FFB8FB3AFDB8FA95FDC4" box="[1234,1359,598,623]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" genus="Lyrischapa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E43FFB8FB3AFDB8FA95FDC4" box="[1234,1359,598,623]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Lyrischapa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
to the
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E43FFB8FF7FFD94FEF4FD38" box="[151,302,634,659]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Fulgorariinae">Fulgorariinae</taxonomicName>
|
|
is incorrect, because members of this subfamily are distinguished from
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E43FFB8FBBDFD94FB08FD38" box="[1109,1234,634,659]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" genus="Lyrischapa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E43FFB8FBBDFD94FB08FD38" box="[1109,1234,634,659]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Lyrischapa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
by quite different shapes (fusiform to ovate), absence of an anal sulcus on the outer lip, and generally fewer columellar folds. Species of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E43FFB8FF5EFD2CFEE9FD70" box="[182,307,706,731]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" genus="Lyrischapa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E43FFB8FF5EFD2CFEE9FD70" box="[182,307,706,731]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Lyrischapa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
have a biconic shape, a spiral row of variably developed shoulder spines, weak spiral sculpture on the last whorl, and five to six strong columellar folds. Several
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E43FFB8FCB5FD08FC08FD54" box="[861,978,742,767]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Athletinae">Athletinae</taxonomicName>
|
|
and particularly the genus
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E43FFB8FAE0FD08FA83FD54" box="[1288,1369,742,767]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" genus="Athleta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E43FFB8FAE0FD08FA83FD54" box="[1288,1369,742,767]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Athleta</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
share with
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E43FFB8FF39FCE4FE94FC88" box="[209,334,778,803]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" genus="Lyrischapa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E43FFB8FF39FCE4FE94FC88" box="[209,334,778,803]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Lyrischapa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
a biconic shape and a row of shoulder spines. For this reason,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF984B070E43FFB8FBCCFCE4FB21FC88" author="Vredenburg" box="[1060,1275,778,803]" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" refString="Vredenburg, E. W. (1923) Indian Tertiary Gastropoda, IV. Olividae, Harpidae, Marginellidae, Volutidae and Mitridae, with comparative diagnosis of new species. Records of the Geological Survey of India, 54, 243 - 276." type="journal article" year="1923">Vredenburg (1923)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
compared his new species
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E43FFB8FEC0FCC1FE6AFCEC" box="[296,432,814,839]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" genus="Lyrischapa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="blanfordi">
|
|
<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E43FFB8FEC0FCC1FE6AFCEC" box="[296,432,814,839]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">A. blanfordi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
with
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E43FFB8FE1BFCC0FD6AFCEC" box="[499,688,814,839]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" genus="Athleta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E43FFB8FE1BFCC0FD6AFCEC" box="[499,688,814,839]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Athleta (Athleta)</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. However, the early whorls of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E43FFB8FBFEFCC0FB09FCEC" box="[1046,1235,814,839]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" genus="Athleta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E43FFB8FBFEFCC0FB09FCEC" box="[1046,1235,814,839]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Athleta (Athleta)</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
species display a subsutural and two abapical rows of nodules, which are missing in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E43FFB8FC4EFCBCFBF9FCC0" box="[934,1059,850,875]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" genus="Lyrischapa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E43FFB8FC4EFCBCFBF9FCC0" box="[934,1059,850,875]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Lyrischapa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. This character is widespread in juveniles of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E43FFB8FEC4FC98FEA7FC24" box="[300,381,886,911]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" genus="Athleta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E43FFB8FEC4FC98FEA7FC24" box="[300,381,886,911]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Athleta</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
species and is even present in adults of
|
|
<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E43FFB8FC87FC99FBEEFC24" box="[879,1076,886,911]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">
|
|
A. (
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E43FFB8FC74FC98FBF6FC24" box="[924,1068,886,911]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" genus="Volutocorbis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Volutocorbis</taxonomicName>
|
|
)
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
species. Thus, the similarities between the shells of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E43FFB8FE73FC74FE36FC18" box="[411,492,922,947]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" genus="Athleta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E43FFB8FE73FC74FE36FC18" box="[411,492,922,947]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Athleta</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E43FFB8FDC3FC74FD72FC18" box="[555,680,922,947]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" genus="Lyrischapa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E43FFB8FDC3FC74FD72FC18" box="[555,680,922,947]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Lyrischapa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
are superficial. The shells of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E43FFB8FBE7FC74FB56FC18" box="[1039,1164,922,947]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" genus="Lyrischapa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E43FFB8FBE7FC74FB56FC18" box="[1039,1164,922,947]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Lyrischapa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
more closely resemble species of the
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E43FFB8FEDDFC50FE77FC7C" box="[309,429,958,983]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Amoriinae">Amoriinae</taxonomicName>
|
|
or the
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E43FFB8FE13FC50FDB0FC7C" box="[507,618,958,983]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Volutinae">Volutinae</taxonomicName>
|
|
. In the
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E43FFB8FD53FC50FCECFC7C" box="[699,822,958,983]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Amoriinae">Amoriinae</taxonomicName>
|
|
, they can be compared with
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E43FFB8FB9CFC51FA46FC7C" authority="Iredale, 1929" authorityName="Iredale" authorityYear="1929" box="[1140,1436,958,983]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" genus="Nannamoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E43FFB8FB9CFC51FADBFC7D" box="[1140,1281,959,982]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Nannamoria</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF984B070E43FFB8FAE0FC50FA46FC7C" author="Iredale" box="[1288,1436,958,983]" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" refString="Iredale, T. (1929) Mollusca from the continental shelf of eastern Australia. No 2. Records of the Australian Museum, 18 (4), 201 - 235. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.17.1929.759" type="journal article" year="1929">Iredale, 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
[
|
|
<typeStatus id="54B288540E43FFB8FF75FC0DFF0AFC50" box="[157,208,995,1019]" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">type</typeStatus>
|
|
species:
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E43FFB8FEDEFC0AFD8BFC50" authority="Iredale, 1929" authorityName="Iredale" authorityYear="1929" box="[310,593,994,1019]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" genus="Nannamoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="amicula">
|
|
<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E43FFB8FEDEFC0AFE68FC50" box="[310,434,994,1019]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">N. amicula</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF984B070E43FFB8FE50FC0CFD8BFC50" author="Iredale" box="[440,593,994,1019]" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" refString="Iredale, T. (1929) Mollusca from the continental shelf of eastern Australia. No 2. Records of the Australian Museum, 18 (4), 201 - 235. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.17.1929.759" type="journal article" year="1929">Iredale, 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
]. Several species (e.g.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E43FFB8FCA5FC0AFB8DFC50" authority="Finlay, 1930" authorityName="Finlay" authorityYear="1930" box="[845,1111,994,1019]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" genus="Nannamoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ralphi">
|
|
<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E43FFB8FCA5FC0AFC68FC50" box="[845,946,994,1019]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">N. ralphi</emphasis>
|
|
(Finlay, 1930)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
from the Middle Miocene of
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F31E76660E43FFB8FF7FFBE8FF24FBB4" box="[151,254,1030,1055]" name="Australia" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
|
or
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E43FFB8FEC1FBE9FD54FBB4" authority="Darragh, 1988" authorityName="Darragh" authorityYear="1988" box="[297,654,1030,1055]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" genus="Nannamoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="paraboloides">
|
|
<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E43FFB8FEC1FBE9FE3AFBB4" box="[297,480,1030,1055]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">N. paraboloides</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF984B070E43FFB8FE02FBE8FD54FBB4" author="Darragh" box="[490,654,1030,1055]" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" refString="Darragh, T. A. (1988) A revision of the Tertiary Volutidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) of south-eastern Australia. Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria, 49 (2), 1 - 308." type="journal article" year="1988">Darragh, 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
from the Late Neogene of
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F31E76660E43FFB8FC27FBE8FBE2FBB4" box="[975,1080,1030,1055]" name="Australia" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
|
) have a biconic
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E43FFB8FB12FBE8FA91FBB4" box="[1274,1355,1030,1055]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" genus="Athleta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E43FFB8FB12FBE8FA91FBB4" box="[1274,1355,1030,1055]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Athleta</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
shape, developed shoulder spines and weak spiral sculpture on the last whorl, but differ from
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E43FFB8FB80FBC4FB3FFBE8" box="[1128,1253,1066,1091]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" genus="Lyrischapa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E43FFB8FB80FBC4FB3FFBE8" box="[1128,1253,1066,1091]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Lyrischapa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
by the presence of only four strong columellar folds (instead of five or six to eight). With respect to the
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E43FFB8FB7DFBA0FAD9FBCC" box="[1173,1283,1102,1127]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Volutinae">Volutinae</taxonomicName>
|
|
, the shells of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E43FFB8FF7FFB9CFECEFB20" box="[151,276,1138,1163]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" genus="Lyrischapa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E43FFB8FF7FFB9CFECEFB20" box="[151,276,1138,1163]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Lyrischapa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
can be compared with
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E43FFB8FDC0FB9CFC5BFB20" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[552,897,1138,1163]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" genus="Voluta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ebraea">
|
|
<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E43FFB8FDC0FB9CFD12FB20" box="[552,712,1138,1163]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Voluta ebraea</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF984B070E43FFB8FD3AFB9CFC5BFB20" author="Linnaeus" box="[722,897,1138,1163]" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima reformata. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, 824 pp. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 542" type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus, 1758</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
or
|
|
<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E43FFB8FC45FB9AFBC2FB20" box="[941,1048,1140,1163]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">V. m u s i c a</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF984B070E43FFB8FBCDFB9CFB0FFB20" author="Linnaeus" box="[1061,1237,1138,1163]" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima reformata. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, 824 pp. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 542" type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus, 1758</bibRefCitation>
|
|
(Recent,
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F31E76660E43FFB8FAAFFB9CFA4AFB20" box="[1351,1424,1138,1163]" name="Brazil" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
|
), which exhibit five to six strong columellar folds and several weaker folds adapically, and some specimens have a biconic shape with developed shoulder spines. However, a morphological
|
|
<typeStatus id="54B288540E43FFB8FC3AFB55FBD8FB78" box="[978,1026,1211,1235]" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">type</typeStatus>
|
|
close to
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E43FFB8FB8DFB54FB38FB78" box="[1125,1250,1210,1235]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" genus="Lyrischapa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E43FFB8FB8DFB54FB38FB78" box="[1125,1250,1210,1235]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Lyrischapa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is uncommon in the
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E43FFB8FF2CFB30FEE6FB5C" box="[196,316,1246,1271]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Amoriinae">Amoriinae</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E43FFB8FE93FB30FE3CFB5C" box="[379,486,1246,1271]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Volutinae">Volutinae</taxonomicName>
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and could be the result of convergent and repeated evolution. Thus, like
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<bibRefCitation id="EF984B070E43FFB8FAA5FB30FF3EFAB0" author="Givens" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" refString="Givens, C. R. (1991) Old world Tethyan occurrences of Lyrischapa (Gastropoda: Volutidae) and biogeographic implications. Journal of Paleontology, 65, 661 - 670." type="journal article" year="1991">Givens (1991)</bibRefCitation>
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, we conclude that the subfamilial position of this genus is uncertain, but we believe that an assignment to the
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<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E43FFB8FF28FAC8FE8DFA94" box="[192,343,1318,1343]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Fulgorariinae">Fulgorariinae</taxonomicName>
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or
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<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E43FFB8FE94FAC8FE2BFA94" box="[380,497,1318,1343]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Athletinae">Athletinae</taxonomicName>
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is incorrect.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |