477 lines
54 KiB
XML
477 lines
54 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="4C637D23AA471FCDD782A5E5FB58500E">A monograph of the Afrotropical Cassidinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Part 6. Revision of the tribe Cassidini 3, the genus Cassida L.</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="CCF8C495742D7B576AD10D454B76D14B">2022</mods:date>
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<taxonomicName id="ABBE2FB3B1DDA9A9FF6CFB8D0EC79742" ID-CoL="7RYW4" authority="Spaeth, 1899" authorityName="Spaeth" authorityYear="1899" box="[151,676,510,537]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quatuordecimsignata">
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<emphasis id="5ECA8822B1DDA9A9FF6CFB8D0EC79742" bold="true" box="[151,676,510,537]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">
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<emphasis id="5ECA8822B1DDA9A9FF6CFB8D0D9E9743" bold="true" box="[151,509,510,537]" italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Cassida quatuordecimsignata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="082F29C1B1DDA9A9FDFFFB8D0EC79742" author="Spaeth, F." box="[516,676,510,536]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" pagination="213 - 221" refId="ref187339" refString="Spaeth, F. (1899) Beschreibung einiger neuer Cassididen nebst synonymischen Bemerkungen. III. Verhandlungen der Zoologisch - Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 49, 213 - 221." type="journal article" year="1899">Spaeth, 1899</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<subSubSection id="24A407BBB1DDA9A9FF6CF8500D0D9767" box="[151,366,547,573]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" type="description">
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<paragraph id="6C015430B1DDA9A9FF6CF8500D0D9767" blockId="130.[151,676,510,573]" box="[151,366,547,573]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">
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(
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<figureCitation id="F48548B5B1DDA9A9FF64F8500C949767" box="[159,247,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="131.[151,250,1627,1651]" captionTargetBox="[159,1425,392,1593]" captionTargetId="figure-115@131.[151,1436,381,1603]" captionTargetPageId="131" captionText="FIGURE 37.Distribution of Cassida reticulipennis (black circles).FIGURE38. Distribution of Cassida quatuordecimsignata (black circles)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6966352" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6966352/files/figure.png" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">figs. 37</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="F48548B5B1DDA9A9FEF8F8500D059767" box="[259,358,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURES 162–164" captionStartId="207.[151,264,1641,1665]" captionTargetBox="[203,1388,201,1606]" captionTargetId="figure-19@207.[183,1403,181,1617]" captionTargetPageId="207" captionText="FIGURES 162–164. Cassida quatuordecimsignata. 165–167. Cassida sphaerula. 162–163, 165–166. Dorsal; 164, 167. Lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6966503" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6966503/files/figure.png" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">162–164</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6C015430B1DDA9A9FF6CF8140EDD9725" blockId="130.[151,900,615,701]" box="[151,702,615,639]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">
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<taxonomicName id="ABBE2FB3B1DDA9A9FF6CF8140ED99725" ID-CoL="7RYW4" authority="Spaeth, 1899" authorityName="Spaeth" authorityYear="1899" box="[151,698,615,639]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quatuordecimsignata">
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<emphasis id="5ECA8822B1DDA9A9FF6CF8140C8A9725" box="[151,233,615,639]" italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Cassida</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="5ECA8822B1DDA9A9FF03F8140D299725" box="[248,330,615,639]" italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Cassida</emphasis>
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i.sp.)
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<emphasis id="5ECA8822B1DDA9A9FE72F8140D9A9725" box="[393,505,615,639]" italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">14–signata</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="ED1F7221B1DDA9A9FDFBF8140ED99725" author="Spaeth, F." box="[512,698,615,639]" page="217" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" year="1899">
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<bibRefCitation id="082F29C1B1DDA9A9FDFBF8140ED99725" author="Spaeth, F." box="[512,698,615,639]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" pagination="213 - 221" refId="ref187339" refString="Spaeth, F. (1899) Beschreibung einiger neuer Cassididen nebst synonymischen Bemerkungen. III. Verhandlungen der Zoologisch - Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 49, 213 - 221." type="journal article" year="1899">Spaeth, 1899: 217</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6C015430B1DDA9A9FF6CF8F50F7A97C4" blockId="130.[151,900,615,701]" box="[151,793,646,670]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="4CAE731EB1DDA9A9FF6CF8F50F7A97C4" box="[151,793,646,670]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">
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<taxonomicName id="ABBE2FB3B1DDA9A9FF6CF8F50E5897C4" baseAuthorityName="Spaeth" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[151,571,646,670]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quatuordecim" subGenus="Cassida">
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<emphasis id="5ECA8822B1DDA9A9FF6CF8F50C8A97C4" box="[151,233,646,670]" italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Cassida</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="5ECA8822B1DDA9A9FF03F8F50D2997C4" box="[248,330,646,670]" italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Cassida</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="5ECA8822B1DDA9A9FEA3F8F50E5897C4" box="[344,571,646,670]" italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">quatuordecim–signata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<treatmentCitation id="ED1F7221B1DDA9A9FDB3F8F50F7697C4" author="Spaeth, F." box="[584,789,646,670]" page="119" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" year="1914">
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<bibRefCitation id="082F29C1B1DDA9A9FDB3F8F50F7697C4" author="Spaeth, F." box="[584,789,646,670]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" pagination="1 - 182" refId="ref187712" refString="Spaeth, F. (1914 b) Chrysomelidae: 16. Cassidinae. In: Schenkling, S. (Ed.), Coleopterorum Catalogus. Pars 62. Dr. W. Junk, Berlin, pp. 1 - 182." type="book chapter" year="1914">Spaeth, 1914 b: 119</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6C015430B1DDA9A9FF6CF8D70FE797E6" blockId="130.[151,900,615,701]" box="[151,900,676,701]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="4CAE731EB1DDA9A9FF6CF8D70FE797E6" box="[151,900,676,701]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">
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<taxonomicName id="ABBE2FB3B1DDA9A9FF6CF8D70DB197E6" baseAuthorityName="Spaeth" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[151,466,676,700]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quatuordecim">
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<emphasis id="5ECA8822B1DDA9A9FF6CF8D70DB197E6" box="[151,466,676,700]" italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Cassida quatuordecim–signata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<treatmentCitation id="ED1F7221B1DDA9A9FE1BF8D70EEF97E6" author="Shaw, S." box="[480,652,676,700]" page="457" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" year="1963">
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<bibRefCitation id="082F29C1B1DDA9A9FE1BF8D70EEF97E6" author="Shaw, S." box="[480,652,676,700]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" pagination="456 - 461" refId="ref187160" refString="Shaw, S. (1963) Records of African Cassidinae (Col., Chrysomelidae) from the Museum G. Frey. Entomologische Arbeiten aus dem Museum G. Frey, 14, 456 - 461." type="journal article" year="1963">Shaw, 1963: 457</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="082F29C1B1DDA9A9FD6DF8D70F5B97E7" author="Borowiec, L." box="[662,824,676,701]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" refId="ref184613" refString="Borowiec, L. (1999) A world catalogue of the Cassidinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Biologica Silesiae, Wroclaw, 476 pp." type="book" year="1999">Borowiec, 1999</bibRefCitation>
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a: 276.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="24A407BBB1DDA9A9FF6CF8990D059243" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" type="description">
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<paragraph id="6C015430B1DDA9A9FF6CF899086D9673" blockId="130.[151,1437,746,2033]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">
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<emphasis id="5ECA8822B1DDA9A9FF6CF8990D4A965E" bold="true" box="[151,297,746,772]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Description.</emphasis>
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L: 3.85–4.85 mm, W: 2.65–3.40 mm, Lp: 1.45–1.75 mm, Wp: 2.20–2.90 mm, L/W: 1.35–1.51, Wp/ Lp: 1.52–1.68. Body oval, male distinctly stouter than females (
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<figureCitation id="F48548B5B1DDA9A9FC99F97C08629673" box="[866,1025,783,809]" captionStart="FIGURES 162–164" captionStartId="207.[151,264,1641,1665]" captionTargetBox="[203,1388,201,1606]" captionTargetId="figure-19@207.[183,1403,181,1617]" captionTargetPageId="207" captionText="FIGURES 162–164. Cassida quatuordecimsignata. 165–167. Cassida sphaerula. 162–163, 165–166. Dorsal; 164, 167. Lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6966503" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6966503/files/figure.png" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">figs. 162, 163</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6C015430B1DDA9A9FF3CF9400E5E9687" blockId="130.[151,1437,746,2033]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">
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Dorsum yellow, elytra with 14 smaller or larger black spots arranged as in
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<figureCitation id="F48548B5B1DDA9A9FBEBF94008B59617" box="[1040,1238,819,845]" captionStart="FIGURES 162–164" captionStartId="207.[151,264,1641,1665]" captionTargetBox="[203,1388,201,1606]" captionTargetId="figure-19@207.[183,1403,181,1617]" captionTargetPageId="207" captionText="FIGURES 162–164. Cassida quatuordecimsignata. 165–167. Cassida sphaerula. 162–163, 165–166. Dorsal; 164, 167. Lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6966503" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6966503/files/figure.png" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">figs. 162 and 163</figureCitation>
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, spot on humerus sometimes partly coalescent with spot at base of elytra. Head and thorax black, abdomen usually completely black, sometimes the basal sternites on sides with small yellowish spots. Coxa and trochanters black, femora in basal half to 3/4 length black, apex yellow, tibiae and tarsi yellow. Antennal segments 1–6 yellow, segment 7 more or less infuscate, apical four segments black.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6C015430B1DDA9A9FF3CF9940F7B91CB" blockId="130.[151,1437,746,2033]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Pronotum elliptical, with maximum width slightly behind the middle, anterior margin regularly convex, sides from narrowly rounded to subangulate, no basal corners. Disc indistinctly bordered from explanate margin, without lateral lobes. Surface of disc shiny, mostly with fine and sparse punctation only area above head impunctate. Distance between punctures several times wider than puncture diameter. Explanate margin moderately broad, impunctate, shiny, transparent with well visible honeycomb structure.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6C015430B1DDA9A9FF3CFEE80D2390EB" blockId="130.[151,1437,746,2033]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">
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||
Base of elytra not or slightly wider than base of pronotum, humeral angles moderately protruding anterad, rounded.Disc regularly convex in profile (
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<figureCitation id="F48548B5B1DDA9A9FD9EFECC0EDD9183" box="[613,702,1215,1241]" captionStart="FIGURES 162–164" captionStartId="207.[151,264,1641,1665]" captionTargetBox="[203,1388,201,1606]" captionTargetId="figure-19@207.[183,1403,181,1617]" captionTargetPageId="207" captionText="FIGURES 162–164. Cassida quatuordecimsignata. 165–167. Cassida sphaerula. 162–163, 165–166. Dorsal; 164, 167. Lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6966503" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6966503/files/figure.png" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">fig. 164</figureCitation>
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),without impressions or elevated sculpture.Punctation moderately coarse arranged in completely regular rows, moderately dense, distance between punctures from slightly narrower to slightly wider than puncture diameter. Marginal row distinct, its punctures slightly smaller than punctures in central rows. Intervals flat, in sutural half of disc thrice on side twice wider than rows, marginal interval broad, twice wider than submarginal interval, no humeral or lateral folds. Explanate margin narrow, strongly declivous, in the widest part approximately eight times narrower than disc, surface shiny with very shallow punctation, appears mostly regular.
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</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6C015430B1DDA9A9FF3CFFC80D0B93D3" blockId="130.[151,1437,746,2033]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Eyes very large, gena obsolete. Clypeus moderately broad, approximately as wide as long. Clypeal grooves fine but well marked, converging in triangle with obtuse top, surface of clypeus flat or very shallowly impressed, its surface from slightly alutaceous to slightly shiny with several very small punctures. Labrum narrowly emarginate to 1/5 length. Antennae stout, segments 9–10 slightly transverse. Length ratio of antennal segments: 100:52:69:59:55:38:48:45:48:55:124. Segment 3 approximately 1.3 times as long as segment 2 and approximately 1.2 times as long as segment 4.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6C015430B1DDA9A9FF3CFCE00DC193AF" blockId="130.[151,1437,746,2033]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Prosternum moderately broad in the middle, strongly expanded apically, area between coxa flat, shiny, with few small setose punctures, expanded apex slightly convex in the middle, without special sculpture except several small, setose punctures.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6C015430B1DDA9A9FF3CFC8C0D059243" blockId="130.[151,1437,746,2033]" box="[199,358,1791,1817]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Claws simple.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="24A407BBB1DDA9A9FF3CFD5008CA92DF" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="6C015430B1DDA9A9FF3CFD5008CA92DF" blockId="130.[151,1437,746,2033]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECA8822B1DDA9A9FF3CFD500D369267" bold="true" box="[199,341,1827,1853]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Host plants.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABBE2FB3B1DDA9A9FEA2FD500DBB9267" box="[345,472,1827,1853]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABBE2FB3B1DDA9A9FE1AFD500FB99267" authority="J. M. Wood & M. S. Evans" authorityName="J. M. Wood & M. S. Evans" box="[481,986,1827,1853]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Berkheya" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="maritima">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECA8822B1DDA9A9FE1AFD500ED49266" box="[481,695,1827,1853]" italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Berkheya maritima</emphasis>
|
||
J.M. Wood & M.S. Evans
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABBE2FB3B1DDA9A9FC1FFD5009FB9267" authority="(Thunberg) Thell." authorityName="Thell." baseAuthorityName="Thunberg" box="[996,1432,1827,1853]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Berkheya" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pinnatifida">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECA8822B1DDA9A9FC1FFD5008AD9267" box="[996,1230,1827,1853]" italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Berkheya pinnatifida</emphasis>
|
||
(Thunberg) Thell.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABBE2FB3B1DDA9A9FF6CFD340F79923B" authority="(DC) O. Hoffm. ex Burtt Davy." authorityName="Burtt Davy." baseAuthorityName="DC" box="[151,794,1863,1889]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Berkheya" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="onopordifolia">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECA8822B1DDA9A9FF6CFD340DC7923B" box="[151,420,1863,1889]" italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Berkheya onopordifolia</emphasis>
|
||
(DC) O. Hoffm. ex Burtt Davy.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—adults only;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABBE2FB3B1DDA9A9FC3DFD340839923B" box="[966,1114,1863,1889]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Berkheya" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECA8822B1DDA9A9FC3DFD340853923B" box="[966,1072,1863,1889]" italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Berkheya</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Prefers undersides of spiky leaves or amongst spicy bracts surrounding capitulum inflorescence (H. Heron pers. comm.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="24A407BBB1DDA9A9FF3CFDFD0E0392F3" box="[199,608,1934,1961]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="6C015430B1DDA9A9FF3CFDFD0E0392F3" blockId="130.[151,1437,746,2033]" box="[199,608,1934,1961]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECA8822B1DDA9A9FF3CFDFD0D0292F2" bold="true" box="[199,353,1934,1960]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="14A914A0B1DDA9A9FE9CFDFC0D9592F3" box="[359,502,1935,1961]" name="South Africa" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="F48548B5B1DDA9A9FDFEFDFC0E3092F3" box="[517,595,1935,1961]" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="131.[151,250,1627,1651]" captionTargetBox="[159,1425,392,1593]" captionTargetId="figure-115@131.[151,1436,381,1603]" captionTargetPageId="131" captionText="FIGURE 37.Distribution of Cassida reticulipennis (black circles).FIGURE38. Distribution of Cassida quatuordecimsignata (black circles)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6966352" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6966352/files/figure.png" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">fig. 37</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="24A407BBB1DDA9AFFF3CFDC00E7F95A3" lastPageId="132" lastPageNumber="133" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="6C015430B1DDA9A8FF3CFDC00834941B" blockId="130.[151,1437,746,2033]" lastBlockId="131.[151,1437,151,321]" lastPageId="131" lastPageNumber="132" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECA8822B1DDA9A9FF3CFDC00D589297" bold="true" box="[199,315,1971,1997]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
A member of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABBE2FB3B1DDA9A9FDFDFDC00EB49297" authorityName="Boheman" authorityYear="1854" box="[518,727,1971,1997]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sphaerula">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECA8822B1DDA9A9FDFDFDC00EB49297" box="[518,727,1971,1997]" italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Cassida sphaerula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species–group. Its elytral pattern with 12-14 small, black spots spread regularly across the entire surface of the elytral disc place
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABBE2FB3B1DDA9A9FC61FDA4084D92AB" authorityName="Boheman" authorityYear="1854" box="[922,1070,2007,2033]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sphaerula">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECA8822B1DDA9A9FC61FDA4084D92AB" box="[922,1070,2007,2033]" italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">C. sphaerula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
close to the typical form of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABBE2FB3B1DDA9A8FA78FDA40D7095EA" authorityName="Boheman" authorityYear="1862" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Plantae" lastPageId="131" lastPageNumber="132" order="Lamiales" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guttipennis">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECA8822B1DDA9A8FA78FDA40D7095EA" italics="true" lastPageId="131" lastPageNumber="132" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">C. guttipennis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but it differs in larger size, stouter body and the broader and more explanate explanate margin of elytra (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F48548B5B1DCA9A8FF64FAC80D5D958F" box="[159,318,186,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 158–161" captionStartId="206.[151,264,1579,1603]" captionTargetBox="[275,1311,196,1539]" captionTargetId="figure-36@206.[256,1331,181,1556]" captionTargetPageId="206" captionText="FIGURES 158–161. Cassida guttipennis. 158, 160–161. Dorsal; 159. Lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6966499" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6966499/files/figure.png" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">figs. 158, 160</figureCitation>
|
||
). In size and body shape
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABBE2FB3B1DCA9A8FDAEFAC80E86958F" authorityName="Boheman" authorityYear="1854" box="[597,741,187,213]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sphaerula">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECA8822B1DCA9A8FDAEFAC80E86958F" box="[597,741,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">C. sphaerula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABBE2FB3B1DCA9A8FCE0FAC80FD2958F" authorityName="Boheman" authorityYear="1862" box="[795,945,187,213]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vespertilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECA8822B1DCA9A8FCE0FAC80FD2958F" box="[795,945,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">C. vespertilio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are more similar but the first species differs in dorsum uniformly yellow or with only two very small black spots or stripes on sides of the elytral disc (figs. 165, 166) and the second species differs in the black elytral pattern more expanded, forming a stripe along sides of the disc and humeral and posterolateral spots on the explanate margin of elytra (fig. 136).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="38C104B8B1DCA9A8FF6CFC280D5693CD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6966352" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6966352" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6966352/files/figure.png" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" startId="131.[151,250,1627,1651]" targetBox="[159,1425,392,1593]" targetPageId="131">
|
||
<paragraph id="6C015430B1DCA9A8FF6CFC280D5693CD" blockId="131.[151,1436,1627,1687]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECA8822B1DCA9A8FF6CFC280DDD9329" bold="true" box="[151,446,1627,1651]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">FIGURE 37. Distribution of</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABBE2FB3B1DCA9A8FE39FC280EC19329" authorityName="Borowiec & Swietojanska" authorityYear="2001" box="[450,674,1627,1651]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reticulipennis">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECA8822B1DCA9A8FE39FC280EC19329" box="[450,674,1627,1651]" italics="true" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Cassida reticulipennis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECA8822B1DCA9A8FD5DFC28080F9329" bold="true" box="[678,1132,1627,1651]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">(black circles). FIGURE 38. Distribution of</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABBE2FB3B1DCA9A8FB8BFC2809FF9329" authorityName="Spaeth" authorityYear="1899" box="[1136,1436,1627,1651]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quatuordecimsignata">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECA8822B1DCA9A8FB8BFC2809FF9329" box="[1136,1436,1627,1651]" italics="true" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Cassida quatuordecimsignata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(black circles).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="6C015430B1DCA9A8FF3CFCB608759385" blockId="131.[151,1437,1733,2012]" box="[199,1046,1733,1760]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECA8822B1DCA9A8FF3CFCB60DED9385" bold="true" box="[199,398,1733,1759]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Types examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="DCD65E6DB1DCA9A8FE6FFCB608719385" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3881325874" box="[404,1042,1733,1760]" collectionCode="IRSN, MM" country="South Africa" location="Natal" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="syntype">
|
||
Three
|
||
<typeStatus id="B305EA92B1DCA9A8FE26FCB50E2093BA" box="[477,579,1734,1760]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
: [
|
||
<collectingCountry id="14A914A0B1DCA9A8FDAFFCB60F449385" box="[596,807,1733,1759]" name="South Africa" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
|
||
]:
|
||
<location id="696102EBB1DCA9A8FCC3FCB60F169385" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E417E526B1DDA9AFFF6CFB8D0E7F95A3:696102EBB1DCA9A8FCC3FCB60F169385" box="[824,885,1733,1759]" country="South Africa" name="Natal" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Natal</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="0AAFCCF5B1DCA9A8FC7FFCB60FAB9385" box="[900,968,1733,1759]" country="Belgium" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/wzbt-fxwr" name="Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">IRSN</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="0AAFCCF5B1DCA9A8FC28FCB608699385" box="[979,1034,1733,1759]" country="France" name="University of Montpellier" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">MM</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6C015430B1DCA9AFFF3CFC9A0E7F95A3" blockId="131.[151,1437,1733,2012]" lastBlockId="132.[151,1436,150,249]" lastPageId="132" lastPageNumber="133" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECA8822B1DCA9A8FF3CFC9A0E709259" bold="true" box="[199,531,1769,1795]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Other specimens examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="DCD65E6DB1DCA9A8FDE7FC9A0C9F927D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3881325403" collectionCode="ARC" country="South Africa" latitude="-28.533333" location="Clarens" longLatPrecision="1232" longitude="28.466667" municipality="Adullam Farm" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Free State">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="14A914A0B1DCA9A8FDE7FC9A0E889259" box="[540,747,1769,1795]" name="South Africa" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="AE7A9AD2B1DCA9A8FD0CFC990F0E9259" box="[759,877,1769,1796]" country="South Africa" name="Free State" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Free State</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="8C65CE4AB1DCA9A8FC83FC9A0842925E" box="[888,1057,1769,1796]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Adullam Farm</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, near
|
||
<location id="696102EBB1DCA9A8FB9CFC9A08DC9259" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E417E526B1DDA9AFFF6CFB8D0E7F95A3:696102EBB1DCA9A8FB9CFC9A08DC9259" box="[1127,1215,1769,1795]" country="South Africa" latitude="-28.533333" longLatPrecision="1232" longitude="28.466667" municipality="Adullam Farm" name="Clarens" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" stateProvince="Free State">Clarens</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="098A32F7B1DCA9A8FB37FC9A09489259" box="[1228,1323,1769,1795]" degrees="28" direction="south" minutes="32" orientation="latitude" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" precision="925" value="-28.533333">28°32’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="098A32F7B1DCA9A8FAC3FC9A09F6925E" box="[1336,1429,1769,1796]" degrees="28" direction="east" minutes="28" orientation="longitude" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" precision="925" value="28.466667">28°28’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 1 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="0AAFCCF5B1DCA9A8FF4CFD7E0C92927D" box="[183,241,1805,1831]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/r82x-h8re" name="Atlantic Reference Centre" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">ARC</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="DCD65E6DB1DCA9A8FEF1FD7D0F21927D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3881325582" box="[266,834,1805,1832]" collectionCode="HH" country="South Africa" latitude="-28.25" location="Harrismith" longLatPrecision="1233" longitude="29.15" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Free State">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="AE7A9AD2B1DCA9A8FEF1FD7D0DE3927D" box="[266,384,1805,1832]" country="South Africa" name="Free State" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Free State</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="696102EBB1DCA9A8FE77FD7E0E6B927D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E417E526B1DDA9AFFF6CFB8D0E7F95A3:696102EBB1DCA9A8FE77FD7E0E6B927D" box="[396,520,1805,1831]" country="South Africa" latitude="-28.25" longLatPrecision="1233" longitude="29.15" name="Harrismith" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" stateProvince="Free State">Harrismith</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="098A32F7B1DCA9A8FDEEFD7E0E12927D" box="[533,625,1805,1832]" degrees="28" direction="south" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" precision="925" value="-28.25">28°15’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="098A32F7B1DCA9A8FD7AFD7E0EBD9272" box="[641,734,1805,1832]" degrees="29" direction="east" minutes="09" orientation="longitude" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" precision="925" value="29.15">29°09’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 1 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="0AAFCCF5B1DCA9A8FCF6FD7E0F58927D" box="[781,827,1805,1831]" country="Peru" name="Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonia Peruana" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" type="Herbarium">HH</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="DCD65E6DB1DCA9A8FCABFD7D093F927D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3881325962" box="[848,1372,1805,1832]" collectionCode="ARC" collectorName="Bethlehem" country="South Africa" location="Knypesheim" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Free State">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="AE7A9AD2B1DCA9A8FCABFD7D0FA6927D" box="[848,965,1805,1832]" country="South Africa" name="Free State" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Free State</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="696102EBB1DCA9A8FC2AFD7E0802927D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E417E526B1DDA9AFFF6CFB8D0E7F95A3:696102EBB1DCA9A8FC2AFD7E0802927D" box="[977,1121,1805,1831]" country="South Africa" name="Knypesheim" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" stateProvince="Free State">Knypesheim</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="C14B31E6B1DCA9A8FB94FD7E0888927D" box="[1135,1259,1805,1831]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Bethlehem</collectorName>
|
||
, 1 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="0AAFCCF5B1DCA9A8FAECFD7E0932927D" box="[1303,1361,1805,1831]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/r82x-h8re" name="Atlantic Reference Centre" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">ARC</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="DCD65E6DB1DCA9A8FA91FD7D0F739211" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3881325898" collectionCode="ARC" country="South Africa" latitude="-30.3" location="Zastron" longLatPrecision="1222" longitude="27.083334" municipality="Laaufontein" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Free State">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="AE7A9AD2B1DCA9A8FA91FD7D0CB19211" country="South Africa" name="Free State" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Free State</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="8C65CE4AB1DCA9A8FF26FD420D049211" box="[221,359,1841,1867]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Laaufontein</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="696102EBB1DCA9A8FE89FD410DA99216" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E417E526B1DDA9AFFF6CFB8D0E7F95A3:696102EBB1DCA9A8FE89FD410DA99216" box="[370,458,1842,1868]" country="South Africa" latitude="-30.3" longLatPrecision="1222" longitude="27.083334" municipality="Laaufontein" name="Zastron" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" stateProvince="Free State">Zastron</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="098A32F7B1DCA9A8FE2DFD420E579211" box="[470,564,1841,1867]" degrees="30" direction="south" minutes="18" orientation="latitude" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" precision="925" value="-30.3">30°18’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="098A32F7B1DCA9A8FDBBFD420EFD9216" box="[576,670,1841,1868]" degrees="27" direction="east" minutes="05" orientation="longitude" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" precision="925" value="27.083334">27°05’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 1 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="0AAFCCF5B1DCA9A8FD32FD420F6B9211" box="[713,776,1841,1867]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/r82x-h8re" name="Atlantic Reference Centre" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">ARC</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="DCD65E6DB1DCA9A8FCE7FD410E259235" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3881325583" collectionCode="HH" country="South Africa" latitude="-28.333334" location="Stillerust" longLatPrecision="1232" longitude="29.333334" municipality="Lancaster Quarry" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Free State">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="AE7A9AD2B1DCA9A8FCE7FD410FEC9211" box="[796,911,1841,1868]" country="South Africa" name="Free State" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Free State</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="8C65CE4AB1DCA9A8FC61FD41083D9211" box="[922,1118,1841,1868]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Lancaster Quarry</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="696102EBB1DCA9A8FB91FD4208B09211" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E417E526B1DDA9AFFF6CFB8D0E7F95A3:696102EBB1DCA9A8FB91FD4208B09211" box="[1130,1235,1841,1867]" country="South Africa" latitude="-28.333334" longLatPrecision="1232" longitude="29.333334" municipality="Lancaster Quarry" name="Stillerust" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" stateProvince="Free State">Stillerust</location>
|
||
<locationDeviation id="7DB34D12B1DCA9A8FB28FD420D709235" location="Harrismith" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">
|
||
<quantity id="AB46F9D5B1DCA9A8FB28FD42092D9211" box="[1235,1358,1841,1868]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.9115" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" unit="km" value="991.15">991, 15 km</quantity>
|
||
SW of Harrismith
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="098A32F7B1DCA9A8FEE4FD260D1F9235" box="[287,380,1877,1903]" degrees="28" direction="south" minutes="20" orientation="latitude" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" precision="925" value="-28.333334">28°20’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="098A32F7B1DCA9A8FE72FD260D85922A" box="[393,486,1877,1904]" degrees="29" direction="east" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" precision="925" value="29.333334">29°20’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 1 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="0AAFCCF5B1DCA9A8FDE8FD250E58922A" box="[531,571,1878,1904]" country="Peru" name="Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonia Peruana" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" type="Herbarium">HH</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="DCD65E6DB1DCA9A8FDA8FD260F789235" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3881325155" box="[595,795,1877,1903]" collectionCode="ZMHU" country="South Africa" location="Natal" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<location id="696102EBB1DCA9A8FDA8FD260EF19235" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E417E526B1DDA9AFFF6CFB8D0E7F95A3:696102EBB1DCA9A8FDA8FD260EF19235" box="[595,658,1877,1903]" country="South Africa" name="Natal" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Natal</location>
|
||
, 2 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="0AAFCCF5B1DCA9A8FD40FD260F709235" box="[699,787,1877,1903]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/99a5-d0z2" name="Zoologisches Museum der Humboldt Universitaet" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">ZMHU</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
, 1, Schneider (ZMHU);
|
||
<materialsCitation id="DCD65E6DB1DCA9A8FBD6FD260E5D92C9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3881325345" collectingDate="1976-12-07" collectionCode="MNHW" collectorName="P. E. Reavell" country="South Africa" county="Natal" location="Loteni Res." municipality="Drakensberg" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectingCounty id="85602CBCB1DCA9A8FBD6FD26080F9235" box="[1069,1132,1877,1903]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Natal</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="8C65CE4AB1DCA9A8FB83FD2609699235" box="[1144,1290,1877,1903]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Drakensberg</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="696102EBB1DCA9A8FAEFFD2609FB922A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E417E526B1DDA9AFFF6CFB8D0E7F95A3:696102EBB1DCA9A8FAEFFD2609FB922A" box="[1300,1432,1877,1904]" country="South Africa" county="Natal" municipality="Drakensberg" name="Loteni Res." pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Loteni Res.</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="180072F0B1DCA9A8FF6CFD090D7592C9" box="[151,278,1913,1940]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" value="1976-12-07">
|
||
<collectingDate id="08448B18B1DCA9A8FF6CFD090D7592C9" box="[151,278,1913,1940]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" value="1976-12-07">7 XII 1976</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, 1,
|
||
<collectorName id="C14B31E6B1DCA9A8FEC5FD090DA492C9" box="[318,455,1913,1940]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">P.E. Reavell</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="0AAFCCF5B1DCA9A8FE2DFD0A0E5792C9" box="[470,564,1913,1939]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">MNHW</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="DCD65E6DB1DCA9A8FDB7FD0A0F9792C9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3881324547" box="[588,1012,1913,1940]" collectionCode="MNHW" collectorName="W. Hunt" country="South Africa" location="Indaleni" municipality="Natal" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="8C65CE4AB1DCA9A8FDB7FD0A0EE892C9" box="[588,651,1913,1939]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Natal</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="696102EBB1DCA9A8FD6CFD0A0E9592C9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E417E526B1DDA9AFFF6CFB8D0E7F95A3:696102EBB1DCA9A8FD6CFD0A0E9592C9" box="[663,758,1913,1939]" country="South Africa" municipality="Natal" name="Indaleni" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Indaleni</location>
|
||
, 1,
|
||
<collectorName id="C14B31E6B1DCA9A8FCE5FD090F1F92CE" box="[798,892,1914,1940]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">W. Hunt</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="0AAFCCF5B1DCA9A8FC70FD0A0F8A92C9" box="[907,1001,1913,1939]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">MNHW</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="DCD65E6DB1DCA9A8FBFAFD0A0E6592ED" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3881326327" collectionCode="HH" country="South Africa" location="Cumberland Nat. Res." municipality="Natal" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="8C65CE4AB1DCA9A8FBFAFD0A082392C9" box="[1025,1088,1913,1939]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Natal</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="696102EBB1DCA9A8FBB7FD0A092A92CE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E417E526B1DDA9AFFF6CFB8D0E7F95A3:696102EBB1DCA9A8FBB7FD0A092A92CE" box="[1100,1353,1913,1940]" country="South Africa" municipality="Natal" name="Cumberland Nat. Res." pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Cumberland Nat. Res.</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation id="7DB34D12B1DCA9A8FAAEFD0A0DC692ED" location="Pietermaritzburg" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">
|
||
<quantity id="AB46F9D5B1DCA9A8FAAEFD0A09FF92C9" box="[1365,1436,1913,1940]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" unit="km" value="15.0">15 km</quantity>
|
||
NE of Pietermaritzburg
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
, 1 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="0AAFCCF5B1DCA9A8FE28FDED0D9892E2" box="[467,507,1950,1976]" country="Peru" name="Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonia Peruana" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" type="Herbarium">HH</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="DCD65E6DB1DCA9A8FDEEFDEE08F592ED" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3881324526" box="[533,1174,1949,1976]" collectingDate="1959-12" collectionCode="MNHW" collectorName="E. Haaf" country="South Africa" location="Pietermaritzburg" municipality="Natal" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="8C65CE4AB1DCA9A8FDEEFDEE0E3792ED" box="[533,596,1949,1975]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Natal</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="696102EBB1DCA9A8FD99FDEE0F4292ED" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E417E526B1DDA9AFFF6CFB8D0E7F95A3:696102EBB1DCA9A8FD99FDEE0F4292ED" box="[610,801,1949,1975]" country="South Africa" municipality="Natal" name="Pietermaritzburg" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Pietermaritzburg</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="180072F0B1DCA9A8FCD5FDED0FFA92E2" box="[814,921,1949,1976]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" value="1959-12">
|
||
<collectingDate id="08448B18B1DCA9A8FCD5FDED0FFA92E2" box="[814,921,1949,1976]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" value="1959-12">XII 1959</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, 1,
|
||
<collectorName id="C14B31E6B1DCA9A8FC3EFDED087F92ED" box="[965,1052,1949,1976]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">E. Haaf</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="0AAFCCF5B1DCA9A8FBD6FDEE08E892ED" box="[1069,1163,1949,1975]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">MNHW</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="DCD65E6DB1DCA9A8FB5EFDEE0EFA9281" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3881324528" collectionCode="HH" country="South Africa" county="Natal" latitude="-29.466667" location="Howick" longLatPrecision="1226" longitude="30.233334" municipality="Valley Resreve" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectingCounty id="85602CBCB1DCA9A8FB5EFDEE088792ED" box="[1189,1252,1949,1975]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Natal</collectingCounty>
|
||
, Umgeni
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="8C65CE4AB1DCA9A8FAAEFDEE0C979286" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Valley Resreve</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="696102EBB1DCA9A8FEF9FDB20D3D9281" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E417E526B1DDA9AFFF6CFB8D0E7F95A3:696102EBB1DCA9A8FEF9FDB20D3D9281" box="[258,350,1985,2011]" country="South Africa" county="Natal" latitude="-29.466667" longLatPrecision="1226" longitude="30.233334" municipality="Valley Resreve" name="Howick" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Howick</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="098A32F7B1DCA9A8FE90FDB20DAA9281" box="[363,457,1985,2011]" degrees="29" direction="south" minutes="28" orientation="latitude" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" precision="925" value="-29.466667">29°28’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="098A32F7B1DCA9A8FE2CFDB20E569286" box="[471,565,1985,2012]" degrees="30" direction="east" minutes="14" orientation="longitude" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" precision="925" value="30.233334">30°14’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 1 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="0AAFCCF5B1DCA9A8FD9DFDB10EED9286" box="[614,654,1986,2012]" country="Peru" name="Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonia Peruana" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" type="Herbarium">HH</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="DCD65E6DB1DCA9AFFD52FDB10DE495EB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3881325885" collectionCode="HH" country="South Africa" lastPageId="132" lastPageNumber="133" latitude="-29.147778" location="Voorkeur Siding" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="30.446388" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Free State">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="AE7A9AD2B1DCA9A8FD52FDB10F7C9281" box="[681,799,1985,2012]" country="South Africa" name="Free State" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Free State</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="696102EBB1DCA9A8FCD7FDB20F8A9281" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E417E526B1DDA9AFFF6CFB8D0E7F95A3:696102EBB1DCA9A8FCD7FDB20F8A9281" box="[812,1001,1985,2011]" country="South Africa" latitude="-29.147778" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="30.446388" name="Voorkeur Siding" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" stateProvince="Free State">Voorkeur Siding</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation id="7DB34D12B1DCA9A8FC0DFDB2089C9281" box="[1014,1279,1985,2012]" location="Greytown" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">
|
||
<quantity id="AB46F9D5B1DCA9A8FC0DFDB208239281" box="[1014,1088,1985,2011]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" unit="km" value="18.0">18 km</quantity>
|
||
W of Greytown
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="098A32F7B1DCA9A8FAF6FDB209FB9286" box="[1293,1432,1985,2012]" degrees="29" direction="south" minutes="08" orientation="latitude" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" precision="15" seconds="52" value="-29.147778">29°08’52’’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="098A32F7B1DBA9AFFF6CFAE40D4295EB" box="[151,289,151,177]" degrees="30" direction="east" minutes="26" orientation="longitude" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" precision="15" seconds="47" value="30.446388">30°26’47’’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 1 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="0AAFCCF5B1DBA9AFFEA9FAE40DE395EB" box="[338,384,151,177]" country="Peru" name="Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonia Peruana" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" type="Herbarium">HH</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="DCD65E6DB1DBA9AFFE6DFAE40C9D958F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3881324843" collectingDate="1984-12-17" collectingDateMax="1984-12-19" collectingDateMin="1984-12-17" collectionCode="BM, MNHW" collectorName="Oranje F. State & A. v. Rensburg" country="South Africa" location="Harrismith" municipality="Greenslands" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectorName id="C14B31E6B1DBA9AFFE6DFAE40E2795EB" box="[406,580,151,177]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">Oranje F. State</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="8C65CE4AB1DBA9AFFDAAFAE40EB895EB" box="[593,731,151,177]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">Greenslands</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
1245,
|
||
<location id="696102EBB1DBA9AFFCD5FAE40FC995EB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E417E526B1DDA9AFFF6CFB8D0E7F95A3:696102EBB1DBA9AFFCD5FAE40FC995EB" box="[814,938,151,177]" country="South Africa" municipality="Greenslands" name="Harrismith" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">Harrismith</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="180072F0B1DBA9AFFC43FAE4081195EB" box="[952,1138,151,177]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" value="1984-12-17" valueMax="1984-12-19" valueMin="1984-12-17">
|
||
<collectingDate id="08448B18B1DBA9AFFC43FAE4081195EB" box="[952,1138,151,177]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" value="1984-12-17" valueMax="1984-12-19" valueMin="1984-12-17">17–19 XII 1984</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, 10,
|
||
<collectorName id="C14B31E6B1DBA9AFFB50FAE4093495EB" box="[1195,1367,151,177]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">A. v. Rensburg</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="0AAFCCF5B1DBA9AFFA93FAE409F495EB" box="[1384,1431,151,177]" country="United Kingdom" name="Bristol Museum" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">BM</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="0AAFCCF5B1DBA9AFFF6CFAC80C90958F" box="[151,243,187,213]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">MNHW</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="DCD65E6DB1DBA9AFFEF1FAC80E18958F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3881325144" box="[266,635,187,213]" collectingDate="1999-01-10" collectionCode="MNHW" collectorName="Heron" country="South Africa" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<date id="180072F0B1DBA9AFFEF1FAC80D14958F" box="[266,375,187,213]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" value="1999-01-10">
|
||
<collectingDate id="08448B18B1DBA9AFFEF1FAC80D14958F" box="[266,375,187,213]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" value="1999-01-10">10 I 1999</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, 1, H.
|
||
<collectorName id="C14B31E6B1DBA9AFFE44FAC80E66958F" box="[447,517,187,213]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">Heron</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="0AAFCCF5B1DBA9AFFDE9FAC80E13958F" box="[530,624,187,213]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">MNHW</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="DCD65E6DB1DBA9AFFD73FAC8096C958F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3881324672" box="[648,1295,186,213]" collectingDate="2003-01-15" collectionCode="MS" collectorName="Oranje F. State & M. Snizek" country="South Africa" location="Villers" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectorName id="C14B31E6B1DBA9AFFD73FAC80F53958F" box="[648,816,187,213]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">Oranje F. State</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="696102EBB1DBA9AFFCC1FAC80FE6958F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E417E526B1DDA9AFFF6CFB8D0E7F95A3:696102EBB1DBA9AFFCC1FAC80FE6958F" box="[826,901,187,213]" country="South Africa" name="Villers" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">Villers</location>
|
||
env.,
|
||
<date id="180072F0B1DBA9AFFC3DFAC90857958F" box="[966,1076,186,213]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" value="2003-01-15">
|
||
<collectingDate id="08448B18B1DBA9AFFC3DFAC90857958F" box="[966,1076,186,213]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" value="2003-01-15">15 I 2003</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, 1,
|
||
<collectorName id="C14B31E6B1DBA9AFFBA2FAC808AF958F" box="[1113,1228,187,213]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">M. Snižek</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="0AAFCCF5B1DBA9AFFB20FAC80966958F" box="[1243,1285,187,213]" country="Italy" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14396" name="Herbarium Messanaensis, Università di Messina" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" type="Herbarium">MS</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="DCD65E6DB1DBA9AFFAE7FAC80E7495A3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3881324443" collectingDate="1937-01" collectionCode="TM" country="South Africa" location="Standerton" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<location id="696102EBB1DBA9AFFAE7FAC809FB958F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E417E526B1DDA9AFFF6CFB8D0E7F95A3:696102EBB1DBA9AFFAE7FAC809FB958F" box="[1308,1432,187,213]" country="South Africa" name="Standerton" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">Standerton</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="180072F0B1DBA9AFFF6CFAAC0C8095A3" box="[151,227,223,249]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" value="1937-01">
|
||
<collectingDate id="08448B18B1DBA9AFFF6CFAAC0C8095A3" box="[151,227,223,249]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" value="1937-01">I 1937</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, 3 from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABBE2FB3B1DBA9AFFEBBFAAC0DB295A3" box="[320,465,223,249]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Berkheya" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECA8822B1DBA9AFFEBBFAAC0DC995A3" box="[320,426,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">Berkheya</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="0AAFCCF5B1DBA9AFFE1BFAAC0E6C95A3" box="[480,527,223,249]" country="Germany" name="Teylers Museum, Paleontologische" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">TM</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |