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<document id="D93A5151CF0D43480B2F8A7E99854A6A" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3918.4.7" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c7707453-facb-4798-8bb2-227162f7bc0f" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="244381" ID-ZooBank="551F0100-C2BD-4B06-B13D-CB0E2E073383" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460989542880" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mlíkovský, Jiří" docDate="2015" docId="03D97D04FFADB651FF43B011D0A7FCD9" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03918p586.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3918 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Sarcoramphus Dumeril" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="580" masterDocId="FFE0057CFFADB650FFD4B612D113FF86" masterDocTitle="The type specimens, type localities and nomenclature of Sarcoramphus vultures (Aves: Cathartidae), with a note on their speciation" masterLastPageNumber="586" masterPageNumber="579" pageNumber="579" updateTime="1698561284435" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="8442CA0611A3E246D0C6F1A4D446921B">The type specimens, type localities and nomenclature of Sarcoramphus vultures (Aves: Cathartidae), with a note on their speciation</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03D97D04FFADB651FF43B011D0A7FCD9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6115862" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119596337" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6115862" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D97D04FFADB651FF43B011D0A7FCD9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D97D04FFADB651FF43B011D0A7FCD9" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="580" pageId="0" pageNumber="579">
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<paragraph id="8BCFCC12FFADB650FF43B011D0ABF998" blockId="0.[151,440,1539,1566]" box="[151,440,1539,1566]" pageId="0" pageNumber="579">
<heading id="D0877B7EFFADB650FF43B011D0ABF998" bold="true" box="[151,440,1539,1566]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="579" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C70B791FFADB650FF43B011D0ABF998" ID-CoL="7CGS" authority="Dumeril" authorityName="Dumeril" box="[151,440,1539,1566]" class="Aves" family="Cathartidae" genus="Sarcoramphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="579" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9041000FFADB650FF43B011D0ABF998" bold="true" box="[151,440,1539,1566]" pageId="0" pageNumber="579">
<emphasis id="B9041000FFADB650FF43B011D05BF99B" bold="true" box="[151,328,1539,1565]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="579">Sarcoramphus</emphasis>
Duméril
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCFCC12FFADB650FF43B058D06AF891" blockId="0.[151,1436,1610,2031]" pageId="0" pageNumber="579">
This genus was described by André Marie Constant Duméril (
<date id="FFCEEAD2FFADB650FCBEB058D2F8F9E5" box="[874,1003,1610,1635]" pageId="0" pageNumber="579" value="1774" valueMax="1860">1774–1860</date>
) in his
<emphasis id="B9041000FFADB650FB93B059D43DF9E5" box="[1095,1326,1611,1635]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="579">Zoologie Analytique</emphasis>
, dated in standard reference books from 1806 (e.g.,
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1B1E3FFADB650FDA7B07CD2B6F901" author="Hellmayr" box="[627,933,1646,1671]" pageId="0" pageNumber="579" refString="Hellmayr, C. E. &amp; Conover, B. (1949) Catalogue of birds of the Americas and the adjacent islands in Field Museum of Natural History, including all species and subspecies known to occur in North America, Mexico, Central America, the West Indies, and islands of the Caribbean Sea, the Galapagos Archipelago and other islands which may be included on account of their faunal affinities. Vol. 1 (4): Cathartidae - Accipitridae - Pandionidae - Falconidae. Field Museum of Natural History, Zoological Series, 13 (1 / 4), i - vi, 1 - 358." type="book chapter" year="1949">Hellmayr &amp; Conover 1949</bibRefCitation>
: 3;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1B1E3FFADB650FC19B07CD542F901" author="Blake" box="[973,1105,1646,1671]" pageId="0" pageNumber="579" refString="Blake, E. R. (1977) Manual of Neotropical birds. Vol. 1. Spheniscidae (Penguins) to Laridae (Gulls and Allies). Chicago, The University of Chicago Press, xlix + 674 pp." type="book" year="1977">Blake 1977</bibRefCitation>
: 263;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1B1E3FFADB650FB41B07DD1C0F92D" author="Stresemann" pageId="0" pageNumber="579" refString="Stresemann, E. &amp; Amadon, D. (1979) Order Falconiformes. In: Mayr, E. &amp; Cottrell, G. W. (Eds.), Check-list of birds of the world. Vol. 1. 2 nd Revised Edition. Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, MA, pp. 271 - 425." type="journal article" year="1979">Stresemann &amp; Amadon 1979</bibRefCitation>
: 278;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1B1E3FFADB650FEC2B080D0DFF92D" author="Dickinson" box="[278,460,1682,1707]" pageId="0" pageNumber="579" refString="Dickinson, E. C. (ed.) (2003) The Howard and Moore Complete checklist of the birds of the world. 3 rd Revised Edition. Christopher Helm, London, 1039 pp." type="book" year="2003">Dickinson 2003</bibRefCitation>
: 93). However, Duméril’s book went through two printings, and although both bear the date 1806 on their title-pages, the first printing was published in 1805 (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1B1E3FFADB650FC0AB0A5D54EF949" author="Bour" box="[990,1117,1719,1743]" pageId="0" pageNumber="579" refString="Bour, R. (2010) Constant Dumeril's Zoologie Analytique was published in 1805. Bionomina, 1, 56 - 57. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / bionomina. 1.1.4" type="journal article" year="2010">Bour 2010</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1B1E3FFADB650FBB8B0A5D41CF949" author="Gregory" box="[1132,1295,1719,1743]" pageId="0" pageNumber="579" refString="Gregory, S. M. S. (2010) The two ' editions' of Dumeril's Zoologie analytique, and the potential confusion caused by Froriep's translation Analytische Zoologie. Zoological Bibliography, 1, 6 - 8." type="journal article" year="2010">Gregory 2010</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1B1E3FFADB650FACAB0A5D05CF975" author="Gregory" pageId="0" pageNumber="579" refString="Gregory, S. M. S. &amp; Dickinson, E. C. (2011) &quot; Dumeril, A. M. C. (&quot; 1806 &quot; = 1805). Zoologie analytique, ou methode naturelle de classification des animaux rendue plus facile a l'aide de tableaux synoptiques &quot;. In: Dickinson, E. C., Overstreet, L. K., Dowsett, R. J. &amp; Bruce, M. D. (Eds.), Priority! The dating of scientific names in ornithology. Aves Press, Northampton, U. K., pp. 90 - 91." type="book chapter" year="2011">Gregory &amp; Dickinson 2011</bibRefCitation>
). The generic name
<taxonomicName id="4C70B791FFADB650FDE3B0C9D3CAF975" box="[567,729,1755,1779]" class="Aves" family="Cathartidae" genus="Sarcoramphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="579" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9041000FFADB650FDE3B0C9D3CAF975" box="[567,729,1755,1779]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="579">Sarcoramphus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
thus dates from 1805 rather than 1806 (see also Dickinson &amp; Remsen 2013: 233).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCFCC12FFADB650FF13B130D529F805" blockId="0.[151,1436,1610,2031]" pageId="0" pageNumber="579">
The
<typeStatus id="54CB72B0FFADB650FF28B131D03FF8BD" box="[252,300,1827,1851]" pageId="0" pageNumber="579">type</typeStatus>
species of
<taxonomicName id="4C70B791FFADB650FE67B131D346F8BD" box="[435,597,1827,1851]" class="Aves" family="Cathartidae" genus="Sarcoramphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="579" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9041000FFADB650FE67B131D346F8BD" box="[435,597,1827,1851]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="579">Sarcoramphus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been given either as
<taxonomicName id="4C70B791FFADB650FC55B131D40EF8BD" authority="Linnaeus (1758: 86)" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityPageNumber="86" authorityYear="1758" box="[897,1309,1826,1851]" class="Aves" family="Cathartidae" genus="Vultur" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="579" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gryphus">
<emphasis id="B9041000FFADB650FC55B131D539F8BD" box="[897,1066,1827,1851]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="579">Vultur gryphus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1B1E3FFADB650FBE0B130D40EF8BD" author="Linnaeus" box="[1076,1309,1826,1851]" pageId="0" pageNumber="579" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema naturae per tria regna naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Vol. 1. 10 th Revised Edition. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae (Stockholm), 824 pp." type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus (1758: 86)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(e.g.,
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1B1E3FFADB650FABEB131D005F8D9" author="Gray" pageId="0" pageNumber="579" refString="Gray, G. R. (1840) A list of the genera of birds, with an indication of the typical species of each genus. Richard and John E. Taylor, London, viii + ii + 80 pp." type="book" year="1840">G.R. Gray 1840</bibRefCitation>
: 1;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1B1E3FFADB650FE93B154D0CEF8D9" author="Sharpe" box="[327,477,1862,1887]" pageId="0" pageNumber="579" refString="Sharpe, R. B. (1874) Catalogue of the birds in the British Museum. Vol. 1. Catalogue of the Accipitres, or diurnal birds of prey, in the collection of the British Museum. The Trustees [of the British Museum], London, xii + 479 pp." type="book" year="1874">Sharpe 1874</bibRefCitation>
: 20) or as
<taxonomicName id="4C70B791FFADB650FDB7B154D2F7F8D9" authority="Linnaeus (1758: 86)" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityPageNumber="86" authorityYear="1758" box="[611,996,1862,1887]" class="Aves" family="Cathartidae" genus="Vultur" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="579" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="papa">
<emphasis id="B9041000FFADB650FDB7B154D3FFF8D8" box="[611,748,1862,1886]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="579">Vultur papa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1B1E3FFADB650FD23B154D2F7F8D9" author="Linnaeus" box="[759,996,1862,1887]" pageId="0" pageNumber="579" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema naturae per tria regna naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Vol. 1. 10 th Revised Edition. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae (Stockholm), 824 pp." type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus (1758: 86)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(e.g.,
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1B1E3FFADB650FBE0B154D5A9F8D9" author="Allen" box="[1076,1210,1862,1887]" pageId="0" pageNumber="579" refString="Allen, J. A. (1907) A list of the genera and subgenera of North American birds, with their types, according to Article 30 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 24, 1 - 50." type="journal article" year="1907">Allen 1907</bibRefCitation>
: 38;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1B1E3FFADB650FB2CB155D029F805" author="Stresemann" pageId="0" pageNumber="579" refString="Stresemann, E. &amp; Amadon, D. (1979) Order Falconiformes. In: Mayr, E. &amp; Cottrell, G. W. (Eds.), Check-list of birds of the world. Vol. 1. 2 nd Revised Edition. Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, MA, pp. 271 - 425." type="journal article" year="1979">Stresemann &amp; Amadon 1979</bibRefCitation>
: 278; Dickinson &amp; Remsen 2013: 233), which requires clarification.
</paragraph>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE1B1E3FFADB650FF13B19CD0B0F821" author="Dumeril" box="[199,419,1934,1959]" pageId="0" pageNumber="579" refString="Dumeril, C. (1805 [1806]): Zoologie analytique, ou methode naturelle de classification des animaux. Allais, Paris, xxxii + 344 p." type="book" year="1805">Duméril (1805: 32)</bibRefCitation>
created the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C70B791FFADB650FDACB19CD209F820" box="[632,794,1934,1958]" class="Aves" family="Cathartidae" genus="Sarcoramphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="579" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9041000FFADB650FDACB19CD209F820" box="[632,794,1934,1958]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="579">Sarcoramphus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
without included nominal species.
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1B1E3FFADB650FB79B19CD47EF821" author="Humboldt" box="[1197,1389,1934,1959]" pageId="0" pageNumber="579" refString="Humboldt, A. von (1805) Recueil d'observations de zoologie et d'anatomie comparee, faites dans l'Ocean Atlantique, dans l'interieur du Nouveau Continent et dans la mer du sud pendant les annees 1799, 1800, 1801, 1802 et 1803; par A. de Humboldt et A. Bonpland. Vol. 1 (Livraison 1). F. Schoell, Paris; &amp; G el Dufour et Comp. ie, Paris, viii + 48 pp." type="book" year="1805">Humboldt (1805</bibRefCitation>
: 31; for a
<collectingCountry id="F3678C82FFADB650FF0DB1A1D020F84D" box="[217,307,1971,1995]" name="Germany" pageId="0" pageNumber="579">German</collectingCountry>
translation see
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1B1E3FFADB650FE39B1A0D3B6F84D" author="Humboldt" box="[493,677,1970,1995]" pageId="0" pageNumber="579" refString="Humboldt, A. von (1806) Beobachtungen aus der Zoologie und vergleichenden Anatomie, gesammelt auf einer Reise nach den Tropen-Landern des Neuen Kontinents, in den Jahren 1799, 1800, 1801, 1802, 1803 und 1804, von Al. von Humboldt und A. Bonpland. Vol. 1 (Lieferung 1). F. G. Cotta, Tubingen, x + 108 pp." type="book" year="1806">Humboldt 1806</bibRefCitation>
: 136) included
<emphasis id="B9041000FFADB650FC88B1A1D2B6F84C" box="[860,933,1971,1994]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="579">cuntur</emphasis>
Duméril in
<taxonomicName id="4C70B791FFADB650FBECB1A1D5C8F84D" box="[1080,1243,1971,1995]" class="Aves" family="Cathartidae" genus="Sarcoramphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="579" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9041000FFADB650FBECB1A1D5C8F84D" box="[1080,1243,1971,1995]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="579">Sarcoramphus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and this species would be the
<typeStatus id="54CB72B0FFADB650FEE6B1C5D071F869" box="[306,354,2007,2031]" pageId="0" pageNumber="579">type</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C70B791FFADB650FE5EB1C4D33FF868" box="[394,556,2006,2030]" class="Aves" family="Cathartidae" genus="Sarcoramphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="579" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9041000FFADB650FE5EB1C4D33FF868" box="[394,556,2006,2030]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="579">Sarcoramphus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by subsequent monotypy (Art. 69.3 of the Code) if
<emphasis id="B9041000FFADB650FBAAB1C5D5D4F868" box="[1150,1223,2007,2030]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="579">cuntur</emphasis>
were available for the purposes of zoological nomenclature.
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1B1E3FFACB651FDA1B685D274FF36" author="Humboldt" box="[629,871,151,176]" pageId="1" pageNumber="580" refString="Humboldt, A. von (1805) Recueil d'observations de zoologie et d'anatomie comparee, faites dans l'Ocean Atlantique, dans l'interieur du Nouveau Continent et dans la mer du sud pendant les annees 1799, 1800, 1801, 1802 et 1803; par A. de Humboldt et A. Bonpland. Vol. 1 (Livraison 1). F. Schoell, Paris; &amp; G el Dufour et Comp. ie, Paris, viii + 48 pp." type="book" year="1805">Humboldt (1805: 31)</bibRefCitation>
attributed
<emphasis id="B9041000FFACB651FC30B68BD53EFF36" box="[996,1069,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="580">cuntur</emphasis>
to Duméril, who appears not to have created this name, and listed it in the synonymy of
<taxonomicName id="4C70B791FFACB651FCF4B6AED5A8FF53" authority="Linnaeus (1758: 86)" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityPageNumber="86" authorityYear="1758" box="[800,1211,188,213]" class="Aves" family="Cathartidae" genus="Vultur" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="580" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gryphus">
<emphasis id="B9041000FFACB651FCF4B6AED2DBFF52" box="[800,968,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="580">Vultur gryphus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1B1E3FFACB651FC05B6AED5A8FF53" author="Linnaeus" box="[977,1211,188,213]" pageId="1" pageNumber="580" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema naturae per tria regna naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Vol. 1. 10 th Revised Edition. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae (Stockholm), 824 pp." type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus (1758: 86)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. The word &quot;cuntur&quot; was known as a vernacular name to Europeans already in the 17th century (e.g., J. Ray in
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1B1E3FFACB651FB75B6F0D44EFF7D" author="Willughby" box="[1185,1373,226,251]" pageId="1" pageNumber="580" refString="Willughby, F. (1678) The ornithology of Francis Willughby of Middleton in the county of Warwick, Esq; fellow of the Royal Society. In three books, wherein all the birds hitherto known, being reduced to a method sutable [sic] to their natures, are accurately described. John Martyn, London, [xii] + 441 + [6] pp." type="journal article" year="1678">Willughby 1678</bibRefCitation>
: 277;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1B1E3FFACB651FF43B714D038FE99" author="Sloane" box="[151,299,262,287]" pageId="1" pageNumber="580" refString="Sloane, H. (1694) An account of a prodigiously large feather of the bird Cuntur, brought from Chili, and supposed to be a kind of Vultur; and of the Coffee-Shrub. Philosophical Transactions, 18, 60 - 64. [London]" type="journal article" year="1694">Sloane 1694</bibRefCitation>
). It was first used as the specific name
<emphasis id="B9041000FFACB651FCC6B71AD248FE99" box="[786,859,264,287]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="580">cuntur</emphasis>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1B1E3FFACB651FC44B71AD57AFE99" author="Forster" box="[912,1129,263,287]" pageId="1" pageNumber="580" refString="Forster, J. R. (1781) Indische Zoologie oder systematische Beschreibungen seltener und unbekannter Thiere aus Indien - Zoologia Indica selecta tabulis XV aeneis illustrata. Johann Jacob Gebauer, Halle (Halle an der Saale), iv + 42 pp. [Text parallel in German and Latin.]" type="book" year="1781">Forster (1781: 40)</bibRefCitation>
, who created it as a new replacement name for
<taxonomicName id="4C70B791FFACB651FE4BB739D257FEC5" authority="Linnaeus (1758: 86)" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityPageNumber="86" authorityYear="1758" box="[415,836,298,323]" class="Aves" family="Cathartidae" genus="Vultur" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="580" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gryphus">
<emphasis id="B9041000FFACB651FE4BB739D35AFEC5" box="[415,585,299,323]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="580">Vultur gryphus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1B1E3FFACB651FD81B738D257FEC5" author="Linnaeus" box="[597,836,298,323]" pageId="1" pageNumber="580" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema naturae per tria regna naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Vol. 1. 10 th Revised Edition. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae (Stockholm), 824 pp." type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus (1758: 86)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, which follows from the context of Forster's book. Forster’s (1781: 40) reference to “Lud. Patricius ap. Gesner. A. p. 206. Ruch. s. Ruck. Marco Paolo” means that he believed that the species was recorded also from the Old World.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCFCC12FFACB651FF13B784D01DFD9D" blockId="1.[151,1437,151,863]" pageId="1" pageNumber="580">
Ludwig Friedrich von Froriep (
<date id="FFCEEAD2FFACB651FDEAB785D3D3FE29" box="[574,704,407,431]" pageId="1" pageNumber="580" value="1779" valueMax="1847">1779–1847</date>
) translated Duméril's book into
<collectingCountry id="F3678C82FFACB651FB9CB785D5B1FE29" box="[1096,1186,407,431]" name="Germany" pageId="1" pageNumber="580">German</collectingCountry>
and amended it. He (Froriep in
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1B1E3FFACB651FEC3B7A8D0ABFE55" author="Dumeril" box="[279,440,442,467]" pageId="1" pageNumber="580" refString="Dumeril, C. (1806): Analytische Zoologie. Verlag des Landes-Industrie-Comptoirs, Weimar, vi + 344 pp." type="book" year="1806">Duméril 1806</bibRefCitation>
: 33) first included a single nominal species in
<taxonomicName id="4C70B791FFACB651FC15B7A9D570FE55" box="[961,1123,443,467]" class="Aves" family="Cathartidae" genus="Sarcoramphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="580" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9041000FFACB651FC15B7A9D570FE55" box="[961,1123,443,467]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="580">Sarcoramphus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, viz.
<taxonomicName id="4C70B791FFACB651FB76B7A9D1C1FE71" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Aves" family="Cathartidae" genus="Vultur" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="580" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="papa">
<emphasis id="B9041000FFACB651FB76B7A9D434FE54" box="[1186,1319,443,467]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="580">Vultur papa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1B1E3FFACB651FAFAB7A8D1C1FE71" author="Linnaeus" pageId="1" pageNumber="580" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema naturae per tria regna naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Vol. 1. 10 th Revised Edition. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae (Stockholm), 824 pp." type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus, 1758</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Therein,
<taxonomicName id="4C70B791FFACB651FE98B7CDD380FE71" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[332,659,478,503]" class="Aves" family="Cathartidae" genus="Vultur" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="580" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="papa">
<emphasis id="B9041000FFACB651FE98B7CDD0C6FE71" box="[332,469,479,503]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="580">Vultur papa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1B1E3FFACB651FE35B7CCD380FE71" author="Linnaeus" box="[481,659,478,503]" pageId="1" pageNumber="580" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema naturae per tria regna naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Vol. 1. 10 th Revised Edition. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae (Stockholm), 824 pp." type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus, 1758</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
became the
<typeStatus id="54CB72B0FFACB651FCFBB7F2D24CFE7E" box="[815,863,480,504]" pageId="1" pageNumber="580">type</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C70B791FFACB651FC5AB7CDD5FBFE71" authority="Dumeril, 1805" authorityName="Dumeril" authorityYear="1805" box="[910,1256,478,503]" class="Aves" family="Cathartidae" genus="Sarcoramphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="580" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9041000FFACB651FC5AB7CDD523FE71" box="[910,1072,479,503]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="580">Sarcoramphus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1B1E3FFACB651FBE8B7CCD5FBFE71" author="Dumeril" box="[1084,1256,478,503]" pageId="1" pageNumber="580" refString="Dumeril, C. (1805 [1806]): Zoologie analytique, ou methode naturelle de classification des animaux. Allais, Paris, xxxii + 344 p." type="book" year="1805">Duméril, 1805</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by subsequent monotypy.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCFCC12FFACB651FF13B434D21EFD2D" blockId="1.[151,1437,151,863]" pageId="1" pageNumber="580">
Standard reference books in ornithology (e.g.,
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1B1E3FFACB651FD00B43AD24FFDB9" author="Peters" box="[724,860,551,575]" pageId="1" pageNumber="580" refString="Peters, J. L. (1931) Check-list of birds of the world. Vol. 1. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, xviii + 345 pp." type="book" year="1931">Peters 1931</bibRefCitation>
: 189;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1B1E3FFACB651FC75B434D5C0FDB9" author="Hellmayr" box="[929,1235,550,575]" pageId="1" pageNumber="580" refString="Hellmayr, C. E. &amp; Conover, B. (1949) Catalogue of birds of the Americas and the adjacent islands in Field Museum of Natural History, including all species and subspecies known to occur in North America, Mexico, Central America, the West Indies, and islands of the Caribbean Sea, the Galapagos Archipelago and other islands which may be included on account of their faunal affinities. Vol. 1 (4): Cathartidae - Accipitridae - Pandionidae - Falconidae. Field Museum of Natural History, Zoological Series, 13 (1 / 4), i - vi, 1 - 358." type="book chapter" year="1949">Hellmayr &amp; Conover 1949</bibRefCitation>
: 3;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1B1E3FFACB651FB29B435D029FDE5" author="Stresemann" pageId="1" pageNumber="580" refString="Stresemann, E. &amp; Amadon, D. (1979) Order Falconiformes. In: Mayr, E. &amp; Cottrell, G. W. (Eds.), Check-list of birds of the world. Vol. 1. 2 nd Revised Edition. Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, MA, pp. 271 - 425." type="journal article" year="1979">Stresemann &amp; Amadon 1979</bibRefCitation>
: 278; Dickinson &amp; Remsen 2013: 233) state that
<taxonomicName id="4C70B791FFACB651FCB7B459D58CFDE5" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[867,1183,586,611]" class="Aves" family="Cathartidae" genus="Vultur" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="580" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="papa">
<emphasis id="B9041000FFACB651FCB7B459D2FBFDE4" box="[867,1000,587,611]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="580">Vultur papa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1B1E3FFACB651FC3BB458D58CFDE5" author="Linnaeus" box="[1007,1183,586,611]" pageId="1" pageNumber="580" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema naturae per tria regna naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Vol. 1. 10 th Revised Edition. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae (Stockholm), 824 pp." type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus, 1758</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, was designated as the
<typeStatus id="54CB72B0FFACB651FF43B462D1D4FD0E" box="[151,199,624,648]" pageId="1" pageNumber="580">type</typeStatus>
species of
<taxonomicName id="4C70B791FFACB651FE9BB47DD3B4FD01" authority="Dumeril, 1805" authorityName="Dumeril" authorityYear="1805" box="[335,679,622,647]" class="Aves" family="Cathartidae" genus="Sarcoramphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="580" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9041000FFACB651FE9BB47DD0E2FD01" box="[335,497,623,647]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="580">Sarcoramphus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1B1E3FFACB651FE28B47CD3B4FD01" author="Dumeril" box="[508,679,622,647]" pageId="1" pageNumber="580" refString="Dumeril, C. (1805 [1806]): Zoologie analytique, ou methode naturelle de classification des animaux. Allais, Paris, xxxii + 344 p." type="book" year="1805">Duméril, 1805</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1B1E3FFACB651FD08B47CD575FD01" author="Vigors" box="[732,1126,622,647]" pageId="1" pageNumber="580" refString="Vigors, N. A. (1825) Sketches in ornithology; or, observations on the leading affinities of some of the more extensive groups of birds. Zoological Journal, 2, 368 - 405." type="journal article" year="1825">Vigors (1825: 381, footnote, 384)</bibRefCitation>
. However, Vigors's (1825) action is antedated by that of Froriep (in
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1B1E3FFACB651FDB4B480D212FD2D" author="Dumeril" box="[608,769,658,683]" pageId="1" pageNumber="580" refString="Dumeril, C. (1806): Analytische Zoologie. Verlag des Landes-Industrie-Comptoirs, Weimar, vi + 344 pp." type="book" year="1806">Duméril 1806</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCFCC12FFACB651FF13B4A5D431FD75" blockId="1.[151,1437,151,863]" pageId="1" pageNumber="580">
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1B1E3FFACB651FF13B4A5D0BCFD49" author="Gray" box="[199,431,695,719]" pageId="1" pageNumber="580" refString="Gray, G. R. (1840) A list of the genera of birds, with an indication of the typical species of each genus. Richard and John E. Taylor, London, viii + ii + 80 pp." type="book" year="1840">G.R. Gray (1840: 1)</bibRefCitation>
designated
<taxonomicName id="4C70B791FFACB651FDEFB4A5D2B1FD49" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[571,930,694,719]" class="Aves" family="Cathartidae" genus="Vultur" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="580" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gryphus">
<emphasis id="B9041000FFACB651FDEFB4A5D3F6FD49" box="[571,741,695,719]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="580">Vultur gryphus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1B1E3FFACB651FD3BB4A4D2B1FD49" author="Linnaeus" box="[751,930,694,719]" pageId="1" pageNumber="580" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema naturae per tria regna naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Vol. 1. 10 th Revised Edition. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae (Stockholm), 824 pp." type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus, 1758</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, as the
<typeStatus id="54CB72B0FFACB651FC2AB4AAD53DFD56" box="[1022,1070,696,720]" pageId="1" pageNumber="580">type</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C70B791FFACB651FB8EB4A5D48FFD49" authority="Dumeril. His" authorityName="Dumeril. His" box="[1114,1436,694,719]" class="Aves" family="Cathartidae" genus="Sarcoramphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="580" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9041000FFACB651FB8EB4A5D5EEFD49" box="[1114,1277,695,719]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="580">Sarcoramphus</emphasis>
Duméril. His
</taxonomicName>
action is invalid, because it was preceded by Froriep’s (in
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1B1E3FFACB651FCF6B4C8D2D3FD75" author="Dumeril" box="[802,960,730,755]" pageId="1" pageNumber="580" refString="Dumeril, C. (1806): Analytische Zoologie. Verlag des Landes-Industrie-Comptoirs, Weimar, vi + 344 pp." type="book" year="1806">Duméril 1806</bibRefCitation>
) action (Art. 69.1 of the Code).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCFCC12FFACB651FF13B4ECD0A7FCD9" blockId="1.[151,1437,151,863]" pageId="1" pageNumber="580">
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1B1E3FFACB651FF13B4ECD0BAFC91" author="Agassiz" box="[199,425,766,791]" pageId="1" pageNumber="580" refString="Agassiz, L. (1847 [1846]) Nomenclator zoologicus. Part 12. Nomenclatoris zoologici index universalis. Jent et Gassmann, Soloduri (Solothurn), viii + 393 pp." type="book" year="1847">Agassiz (1847: 331)</bibRefCitation>
emended
<taxonomicName id="4C70B791FFACB651FDC9B4EDD3ACFC91" box="[541,703,767,791]" class="Aves" family="Cathartidae" genus="Sarcoramphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="580" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9041000FFACB651FDC9B4EDD3ACFC91" box="[541,703,767,791]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="580">Sarcoramphus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to
<taxonomicName id="4C70B791FFACB651FD37B4EDD280FC91" box="[739,915,767,791]" class="Aves" family="Cathartidae" genus="Sarcorhamphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="580" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9041000FFACB651FD37B4EDD280FC91" box="[739,915,767,791]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="580">Sarcorhamphus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but these spellings are deemed to be identical (Art. 58.6 of the Code); Agassiz's
<taxonomicName id="4C70B791FFACB651FDC3B531D3D4FCBD" box="[535,711,803,827]" class="Aves" family="Cathartidae" genus="Sarcorhamphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="580" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9041000FFACB651FDC3B531D3D4FCBD" box="[535,711,803,827]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="580">Sarcorhamphus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is thus not a new name, although it is an unjustified emendation (Art. 33.2.3 of the Code).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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