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<document id="4F6C3FC0DCD17678831AE00A4CFB22D7" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4242.3.3SLASH10464" ID-CLB-Dataset="36296" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4242.3.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bac5e30c-aaf6-4f05-ac81-863bca1bf211" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="376914" ID-ZooBank="6213E1C3-A7AE-444A-95F1-B71C970233BE" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1489394267301" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Sousa, Francisco Diogo R., Elmoor-Loureiro, Lourdes M. A. &amp; Panarelli, Eliana A." docDate="2017" docId="03C487C8FFF5FFCED4A0F8BBFD33FAC1" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4242.3.3SLASH10464.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4242 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Monospilus macroerosus Sousa, Elmoor-Loureiro &amp; Panarelli, 2017, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="475" masterDocId="FFFDFFB0FFF4FFC6D437FF9AFFCFFF95" masterDocTitle="The amazing diversity of the genus Monospilus Sars, 1862 (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Aloninae) in South America" masterLastPageNumber="492" masterPageNumber="467" pageNumber="468" updateTime="1698437870783" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="BC32633FD6AEE6CA39669DE740A47BF8" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="F92B4E6E01B39FF683281CCFB4D9F3D6">The amazing diversity of the genus Monospilus Sars, 1862 (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Aloninae) in South America</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="283BF5B6F7DD83B36FA6BC0FD19420D6" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="1B2905222D1DF8F5F1F5F2E6291C1133">Sousa, Francisco Diogo R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="CED8621DC35D1BE662F03046967798C0" type="personal">
<mods:role id="608D239D99090B917DB2F3E81A72A36E">
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<mods:namePart id="D03ABD4BAD21C876285F43EBFF88ECCC">Elmoor-Loureiro, Lourdes M. A.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="3DB348E79DD12D804C5920E085A32361" type="personal">
<mods:role id="A5135421FBB7BF6BF3C82A1037B58C7D">
<mods:roleTerm id="97A5C970416FF6C25ABE55E8A93B5618">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="B29CBD11992C2A763575AD6B05717684">Panarelli, Eliana A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="D2C8C41742CA517BF2500F9EC53BE806">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="3637249A315D7F4F0ED565547FDDAA4C">
<mods:date id="0629EFE376EDB36E9AAA00280071561C">2017</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="397447611C8A130F2A3A7379E96D34D6" type="volume">
<mods:number id="416333843DF356B6F923EC0890BC3C85">4242</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="CDA4747138C427140A68C29EFFD58373" type="issue">
<mods:number id="8CBC70B1E9B0E53AC7E3D80D866E0A3B">3</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="7A2C030CB2431F158D506126649A0D6D">467</mods:start>
<mods:end id="763D202071C3BF1560BC8000F6311802">492</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="9BFCC40AD7A31FE3AD833DD599100CEB">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="8962E1D3881803FE8ABC656670530F60" type="CLB-Dataset">36296</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="2FF502FC7545D565F478431924B45426" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4242.3.3</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="CB83415E5E35B78DA3DC353314A878E8" type="GBIF-Dataset">bac5e30c-aaf6-4f05-ac81-863bca1bf211</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="280AE65BD8F0A4795203B1C35544FEC5" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03C487C8FFF5FFCED4A0F8BBFD33FAC1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6032400" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127843793" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6032400" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C487C8FFF5FFCED4A0F8BBFD33FAC1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C487C8FFF5FFCED4A0F8BBFD33FAC1" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="475" pageId="1" pageNumber="468">
<subSubSection id="C3776555FFF5FFC7D4A0F8BBFEDDF8C9" pageId="1" pageNumber="468" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BD236DEFFF5FFC7D4A0F8BBFDE4F8AE" blockId="1.[151,555,1825,1885]" box="[151,555,1825,1851]" pageId="1" pageNumber="468">
<heading id="D09A81B2FFF5FFC7D4A0F8BBFDE4F8AE" bold="true" box="[151,555,1825,1851]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="468" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF5FFC7D4A0F8BBFDE4F8AE" bold="true" box="[151,555,1825,1851]" pageId="1" pageNumber="468">
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5DFFF5FFC7D4A0F8BBFE09F8AE" box="[151,454,1825,1851]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Monospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="1" pageNumber="468" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macroerosus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF5FFC7D4A0F8BBFE09F8AE" bold="true" box="[151,454,1825,1851]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="468">Monospilus macroerosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22A57B7FFF5FFC7D5F9F8BBFDE4F8AE" box="[462,555,1825,1851]" pageId="1" pageNumber="468" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD236DEFFF5FFC7D4A0F8DEFEDDF8C9" blockId="1.[151,555,1825,1885]" box="[151,274,1860,1885]" pageId="1" pageNumber="468">
(
<figureCitation id="13562A5BFFF5FFC7D4A8F8DEFEC6F8C9" box="[159,265,1860,1885]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="2.[151,250,1936,1958]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,250,1942,1964]" captionStartId-2="4.[151,250,1902,1924]" captionStartId-3="5.[151,250,1672,1694]" captionTargetBox-0="[208,1378,231,1888]" captionTargetBox-1="[192,1386,205,1886]" captionTargetBox-2="[226,1370,231,1865]" captionTargetBox-3="[156,1431,200,1643]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[186,1400,195,1912]" captionTargetId-1="figure@3.[182,1404,193,1921]" captionTargetId-2="figure@4.[196,1390,193,1881]" captionTargetId-3="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1651]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionTargetPageId-3="5" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Monospilus macroerosus sp. nov. A, habitus from adult parthenogenetic female, lateral view. B, idem, juvenile. C, idem, anterior view. D, carapace, posteroventral corner. E, head, lateral view. F, labral keel. G – H, postabdomen. I, postabdominal claw. Scale bars = 50 µm." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Monospilus macroerosus sp. nov. A, head shield. B, main head pore. C, rostrum. D, antennule. E, antenna. F, maxilla. G, first limb. H, idem, elements on the second and third endites. I, idem, seta (e) on the second endite. J, idem, seta (c) on the third endite. K, idem, ODL and IDL. Scale bars = 50 µm. Abbreviations see Material and Methods." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Monospilus macroerosus sp. nov. A, second limb. B, idem, accessory soft seta and exopodite. C, idem, third scraper. D, idem, seventh scraper. E, third limb, exopodite. F, idem, distal endite. G, idem, basal endite. H, fourth limb, exopodite. I, idem, distal and basal endites. J, fifth limb. K, idem, internal lobe. L, sixth limb. Scale bar = 50 µm. For abbreviations see Material and Methods." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Monospilus macroerosus sp. nov. A, lateral view of carapace. B, setae of carapace. C – D, ornamentation of carapace. E, head shield. F, rostrum and antenna. G, main head pore. H, postabdominal claw. Scale bars: A = 100 µm; 20 µm = B, E – F; 3 µm = H; 2 µm = C – D, G." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/376915/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/376916/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/376917/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/376918/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="468">Figs. 1–4</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3776555FFF5FFC7D4A0F816FAF8F85C" pageId="1" pageNumber="468" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BD236DEFFF5FFC7D4A0F816FAF8F85C" blockId="1.[151,1436,1932,1993]" pageId="1" pageNumber="468">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF5FFC7D4A0F816FED9F830" bold="true" box="[151,278,1932,1957]" pageId="1" pageNumber="468">Etymology</emphasis>
. The name “
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5DFFF5FFC7D581F817FD8AF831" box="[438,581,1933,1956]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Monospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="1" pageNumber="468" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macroerosus">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF5FFC7D581F817FD8AF831" box="[438,581,1933,1956]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="468">macroerosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” come from joint of Greek word “macro” (large, long) and Latin word “
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF5FFC7D494F82BFF34F85D" box="[163,251,1969,1992]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="468">erosus”</emphasis>
(serrated). The epithet refers to a saw-shaped armature of the pecten on the postabdominal claw.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF126656FFF6FFC4D4A0F80AFDF7F871" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/376915/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="469" targetBox="[208,1378,231,1888]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="8BD236DEFFF6FFC4D4A0F80AFDF7F871" blockId="2.[151,1436,1936,2020]" pageId="2" pageNumber="469">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF6FFC4D4A0F80AFEDDF830" bold="true" box="[151,274,1936,1958]" pageId="2" pageNumber="469">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5DFFF6FFC4D52FF80AFDD9F832" box="[280,534,1936,1959]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Monospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="2" pageNumber="469" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macroerosus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF6FFC4D52FF80AFDD9F832" box="[280,534,1936,1959]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="469">Monospilus macroerosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22A57B7FFF6FFC4D62BF80BFDA4F833" box="[540,619,1937,1958]" pageId="2" pageNumber="469" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF6FFC4D62BF80BFDAAF833" bold="true" box="[540,613,1937,1958]" pageId="2" pageNumber="469">sp. nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
A,
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF6FFC4D6A6F80AFD13F833" box="[657,732,1936,1958]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="469">habitus</emphasis>
from adult parthenogenetic female, lateral view. B,
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF6FFC4D0DEF80AFAD5F833" box="[1257,1306,1936,1958]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="469">idem</emphasis>
, juvenile. C,
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF6FFC4D4A0F835FF07F850" box="[151,200,1967,1989]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="469">idem</emphasis>
, anterior view. D, carapace, posteroventral corner. E, head, lateral view. F, labral keel. G–H, postabdomen. I, postabdominal claw. Scale bars = 50 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF126656FFF7FFC5D4A0F80CFB06F87C" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/376916/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="470" targetBox="[192,1386,205,1886]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="8BD236DEFFF7FFC5D4A0F80CFB06F87C" blockId="3.[151,1436,1942,2025]" pageId="3" pageNumber="470">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF7FFC5D4A0F80CFEDAF83E" bold="true" box="[151,277,1942,1964]" pageId="3" pageNumber="470">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5DFFF7FFC5D529F80CFDD1F839" box="[286,542,1942,1964]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Monospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="3" pageNumber="470" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macroerosus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF7FFC5D529F80CFDD1F839" box="[286,542,1942,1964]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="470">Monospilus macroerosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF7FFC5D610F80DFDB5F839" bold="true" box="[551,634,1943,1964]" pageId="3" pageNumber="470">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22A57B7FFF7FFC5D610F80DFDB5F839" box="[551,634,1943,1964]" pageId="3" pageNumber="470" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
A, head shield. B, main head pore. C, rostrum. D, antennule. E, antenna. F, maxilla. G, first limb. H,
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF7FFC5D5A2F82FFE09F85E" box="[405,454,1973,1995]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="470">idem</emphasis>
, elements on the second and third endites. I,
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF7FFC5D7A5F82FFC0CF85E" box="[914,963,1973,1995]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="470">idem</emphasis>
, seta (e) on the second endite. J,
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF7FFC5D123F82FFA8AF85E" box="[1300,1349,1973,1995]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="470">idem</emphasis>
, seta (c) on the third endite. K,
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF7FFC5D54CF849FE63F87C" box="[379,428,2003,2025]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="470">idem</emphasis>
, ODL and IDL. Scale bars = 50 µm. Abbreviations see Material and Methods.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF126656FFF0FFC2D4A0F8F4FDFCF875" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/376917/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="471" targetBox="[226,1370,231,1865]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="8BD236DEFFF0FFC2D4A0F8F4FDFCF875" blockId="4.[151,1436,1902,2016]" pageId="4" pageNumber="471">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF0FFC2D4A0F8F4FED9F816" bold="true" box="[151,278,1902,1924]" pageId="4" pageNumber="471">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5DFFF0FFC2D517F8F4FDEFF811" box="[288,544,1902,1924]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Monospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="4" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macroerosus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF0FFC2D517F8F4FDEFF811" box="[288,544,1902,1924]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="471">Monospilus macroerosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF0FFC2D61DF8F4FDB1F816" bold="true" box="[554,638,1902,1923]" pageId="4" pageNumber="471">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22A57B7FFF0FFC2D61DF8F4FDB1F816" box="[554,638,1902,1923]" pageId="4" pageNumber="471" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
A, second limb. B,
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF0FFC2D76DF8F4FC44F811" box="[858,907,1902,1924]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="471">idem</emphasis>
, accessory soft seta and exopodite. C,
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF0FFC2D11CF8F4FA93F811" box="[1323,1372,1902,1924]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="471">idem</emphasis>
, third scraper. D,
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF0FFC2D523F816FE8AF837" box="[276,325,1932,1954]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="471">idem</emphasis>
, seventh scraper. E, third limb, exopodite. F,
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF0FFC2D702F816FCA9F837" box="[821,870,1932,1954]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="471">idem</emphasis>
, distal endite. G,
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF0FFC2D01DF816FB94F837" box="[1066,1115,1932,1954]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="471">idem</emphasis>
, basal endite. H, fourth limb, exopodite. I,
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF0FFC2D512F831FE99F854" box="[293,342,1963,1985]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="471">idem</emphasis>
, distal and basal endites. J, fifth limb. K,
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF0FFC2D711F831FC98F854" box="[806,855,1963,1985]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="471">idem</emphasis>
, internal lobe. L, sixth limb. Scale bar = 50 µm. For abbreviations see Material and Methods.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF126656FFF1FFC3D4A0F912FE30F94E" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/376918/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="472" targetBox="[156,1431,200,1643]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8BD236DEFFF1FFC3D4A0F912FE30F94E" blockId="5.[151,1435,1672,1755]" pageId="5" pageNumber="472">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF1FFC3D4A0F912FED8F908" bold="true" box="[151,279,1672,1694]" pageId="5" pageNumber="472">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5DFFF1FFC3D515F912FDEBF90A" box="[290,548,1672,1695]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Monospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="5" pageNumber="472" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macroerosus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF1FFC3D515F912FDEBF90A" box="[290,548,1672,1695]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="472">Monospilus macroerosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF1FFC3D619F913FD4CF90B" bold="true" box="[558,643,1673,1694]" pageId="5" pageNumber="472">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22A57B7FFF1FFC3D619F913FD4CF90B" box="[558,643,1673,1694]" pageId="5" pageNumber="472" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
A, lateral view of carapace. B, setae of carapace. C–D, ornamentation of carapace. E, head shield. F, rostrum and antenna. G, main head pore. H, postabdominal claw. Scale bars: A = 100 µm; 20 µm = B, E–F; 3 µm = H; 2 µm = C–D, G.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C3776555FFF1FFC0D4F0F899FBFCFE12" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="473" pageId="5" pageNumber="472" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BD236DEFFF1FFC3D4F0F899FC22F8D5" blockId="5.[151,1436,1795,2036]" pageId="5" pageNumber="472">
<materialsCitation id="3B053C83FFF1FFC3D4F0F899FC26F8D5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1439511226" country="Brazil" latitude="-13.585583" location="Terra Ronca State Park" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-46.266582" pageId="5" pageNumber="472" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Goias" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF1FFC3D4F0F899FEBFF889" bold="true" box="[199,368,1795,1820]" pageId="5" pageNumber="472">
<typeStatus id="54D6887CFFF1FFC3D4F0F899FECDF889" box="[199,258,1795,1820]" pageId="5" pageNumber="472">Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</emphasis>
Wet leaf litter on the hydromorphic soil at gallery forest from São Vicente stream (
<geoCoordinate id="EE595019FFF1FFC3D497F8BDFEF4F8D5" box="[160,315,1831,1856]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="472" precision="1" value="-13.585583">13°35’08.1”S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE595019FFF1FFC3D57FF8BDFE20F8D5" box="[328,495,1831,1856]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="472" precision="1" value="-46.266582">46°15’59.7”W</geoCoordinate>
),
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,
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State,
<collectingCountry id="F37A764EFFF1FFC3D796F8BDFC26F8D5" box="[929,1001,1831,1856]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="472">Brazil</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD236DEFFF1FFC3D4F0F8D1FEDBF845" blockId="5.[151,1436,1795,2036]" pageId="5" pageNumber="472">
<materialsCitation id="3B053C83FFF1FFC3D4F0F8D1FB1DF812" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1439511231" collectionCode="MZUSP" county="Museum" location="University" municipality="Zoology" pageId="5" pageNumber="472" specimenCode="MZUSP34728" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Sao Paulo" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF1FFC3D4F0F8D1FEA1F8F1" bold="true" box="[199,366,1867,1892]" pageId="5" pageNumber="472">
<typeStatus id="54D6887CFFF1FFC3D4F0F8D1FECDF8F1" box="[199,258,1867,1892]" pageId="5" pageNumber="472">Type</typeStatus>
material
</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF1FFC3D54AF8D1FE3CF8F1" bold="true" box="[381,499,1867,1892]" pageId="5" pageNumber="472">
<typeStatus id="54D6887CFFF1FFC3D54AF8D1FE21F8F1" box="[381,494,1867,1892]" pageId="5" pageNumber="472" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
undissected, adult parthenogenetic female in a tube with 92% ethanol deposited at the
<collectingCounty id="62B34E52FFF1FFC3D4F3F8EAFEE9F812" box="[196,294,1904,1927]" pageId="5" pageNumber="472">Museum</collectingCounty>
of
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB6ACA4FFF1FFC3D564F8F5FE7DF81D" box="[339,434,1903,1928]" pageId="5" pageNumber="472">Zoology</collectingMunicipality>
of the
<location id="8EB26005FFF1FFC3D63BF8F5FD4DF81D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C487C8FFF5FFCED4A0F8BBFD33FAC1:8EB26005FFF1FFC3D63BF8F5FD4DF81D" box="[524,642,1903,1928]" county="Museum" municipality="Zoology" name="University" pageId="5" pageNumber="472" stateProvince="Sao Paulo">University</location>
of
<collectingRegion id="49A9F83CFFF1FFC3D699F8F5FCECF81D" box="[686,803,1903,1928]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="5" pageNumber="472">São Paulo</collectingRegion>
under access number
<specimenCode id="DBCB9EA5FFF1FFC3D01CF8F5FB1DF812" box="[1067,1234,1903,1927]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="5" pageNumber="472">
<collectionCode id="ED7CAE1BFFF1FFC3D01CF8F5FB44F812" box="[1067,1163,1903,1927]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="5" pageNumber="472">MZUSP</collectionCode>
34728
</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B053C83FFF1FFC3D0D7F8F5FA8DF839" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1439511238" country="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines" location="Goias" pageId="5" pageNumber="472" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Goias" typeStatus="holotype">
The label of the
<typeStatus id="54D6887CFFF1FFC3D4A0F809FF36F839" box="[151,249,1939,1964]" pageId="5" pageNumber="472" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
is: “
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5DFFF1FFC3D503F809FD81F83E" box="[308,590,1939,1964]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Monospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="5" pageNumber="472" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macroerosus">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF1FFC3D503F809FD81F83E" box="[308,590,1939,1964]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="472">Monospilus macroerosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 1 parth.
<specimenCount id="9D6BFD57FFF1FFC3D6F5F80EFD18F83E" box="[706,727,1940,1963]" pageId="5" pageNumber="472" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
from gallery forest of the
<collectingCountry id="F37A764EFFF1FFC3D027F80EFB56F839" box="[1040,1177,1939,1964]" name="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines" pageId="5" pageNumber="472">São Vicente</collectingCountry>
stream,
<collectingRegion id="49A9F83CFFF1FFC3D0C9F809FA8DF839" box="[1278,1346,1939,1964]" country="Brazil" name="Goias" pageId="5" pageNumber="472">Goiás</collectingRegion>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B053C83FFF1FFC3D167F809FEDBF845" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1439511227" country="Brazil" location="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="472" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="F37A764EFFF1FFC3D167F809FA58F839" box="[1360,1431,1939,1964]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="472">Brazil</collectingCountry>
,
<typeStatus id="54D6887CFFF1FFC3D4A0F82DFECAF845" box="[151,261,1975,2000]" pageId="5" pageNumber="472" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
”.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD236DEFFF1FFC0D4F0F841FE2BFE88" blockId="5.[151,1436,1795,2036]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="473" pageId="5" pageNumber="472">
<materialsCitation id="3B053C83FFF1FFC0D4F0F841FB18FF25" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1439511240" country="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="473" location="Terra Ronca State Park" longitude="-46.266582" municipality="Thirteen" pageId="5" pageNumber="472" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Goias" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF1FFC3D4F0F841FE89F861" bold="true" box="[199,326,2011,2036]" pageId="5" pageNumber="472">
<typeStatus id="54D6887CFFF1FFC3D4F0F841FE8EF861" box="[199,321,2011,2036]" pageId="5" pageNumber="472" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB6ACA4FFF1FFC3D578F841FE61F861" box="[335,430,2011,2036]" pageId="5" pageNumber="472">Thirteen</collectingMunicipality>
adult parthenogenetic females and several exuviae from wet leaf litter at gallery forest from
<collectingCountry id="F37A764EFFF2FFC0D4EFFF02FEADFF25" box="[216,354,151,176]" name="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">São Vicente</collectingCountry>
stream (13°3’'08.1”S,
<geoCoordinate id="EE595019FFF2FFC0D647FF0DFCD8FF25" box="[624,791,151,176]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="473" precision="1" value="-46.266582">46°15’59.7”W</geoCoordinate>
),
<location id="8EB26005FFF2FFC0D707FF02FB8EFF25" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C487C8FFF5FFCED4A0F8BBFD33FAC1:8EB26005FFF2FFC0D707FF02FB8EFF25" box="[816,1089,151,176]" country="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines" longitude="-46.266582" municipality="Thirteen" name="Terra Ronca State Park" pageId="6" pageNumber="473" stateProvince="Goias">Terra Ronca State Park</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="49A9F83CFFF2FFC0D067FF0DFB5EFF25" box="[1104,1169,151,176]" country="Brazil" name="Goias" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">Goiás</collectingRegion>
State
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B053C83FFF2FFC0D0D0FF0DFBA5FF6D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1439511230" collectingDate="2013-09-15" collectionCode="GEEA, CLLA" collectorName="Many &amp; Laboratorio de Biodiversidade Aquatica &amp; Universidade Catolica de Brasilia" country="Brazil" location="Material" pageId="6" pageNumber="473" specimenCode="CLLA093-0120, 213" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingCountry id="F37A764EFFF2FFC0D0D0FF0DFAE0FF25" box="[1255,1327,151,176]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">Brazil</collectingCountry>
.
<location id="8EB26005FFF2FFC0D10AFF0DFA53FF25" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C487C8FFF5FFCED4A0F8BBFD33FAC1:8EB26005FFF2FFC0D10AFF0DFA53FF25" box="[1341,1436,151,176]" country="Brazil" name="Material" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">Material</location>
collected on
<date id="FFD3101EFFF2FFC0D51DFF26FE66FF40" box="[298,425,188,213]" pageId="6" pageNumber="473" value="2013-09-15">
<collectingDate id="EF97E9F6FFF2FFC0D51DFF26FE66FF40" box="[298,425,188,213]" pageId="6" pageNumber="473" value="2013-09-15">15/09/2013</collectingDate>
</date>
by
<collectionCode id="ED7CAE1BFFF2FFC0D5E0FF26FDE9FF41" box="[471,550,188,212]" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">GEEA</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="26985308FFF2FFC0D606FF27FDBDFF40" box="[561,626,189,213]" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">Many</collectorName>
slides containing individuals dissected deposited at the
<collectorName id="26985308FFF2FFC0D0C2FF26FE79FF6D" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">Laboratório de Biodiversidade Aquática</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26985308FFF2FFC0D5F0FF45FC9BFF6D" box="[455,852,223,248]" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">Universidade Católica de Brasília</collectorName>
(
<specimenCode id="DBCB9EA5FFF2FFC0D75EFF7AFBAEFF6D" box="[873,1121,224,248]" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">
<collectionCode id="ED7CAE1BFFF2FFC0D75EFF7AFC79FF6D" box="[873,950,224,248]" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">CLLA</collectionCode>
093-0120, 213
</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
. Three adult females and several exuviae (FDRS0352).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD236DEFFF2FFC0D4F0FEBDFBFCFE12" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">
<materialsCitation id="3B053C83FFF2FFC0D4F0FEBDFAE1FEF0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1439511233" country="Brazil" latitude="-18.130556" location="Rio Preto State Park" pageId="6" pageNumber="473" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Minas Gerais" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF2FFC0D4F0FEBDFD62FED5" bold="true" box="[199,685,295,320]" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">
Material excluded from the
<typeStatus id="54D6887CFFF2FFC0D613FEBDFD98FED5" box="[548,599,295,320]" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">type</typeStatus>
series.
</emphasis>
Two adult parthenogenetic females from first-order stream with preserved gallery forest (
<geoCoordinate id="EE595019FFF2FFC0D58AFED6FD8CFEF0" box="[445,579,332,357]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="473" precision="15" value="-18.130556">18°07’50”S</geoCoordinate>
; 43°20’28W),
<location id="8EB26005FFF2FFC0D6C7FED6FC2AFEF0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C487C8FFF5FFCED4A0F8BBFD33FAC1:8EB26005FFF2FFC0D6C7FED6FC2AFEF0" box="[752,997,332,357]" country="Brazil" latitude="-18.130556" name="Rio Preto State Park" pageId="6" pageNumber="473" stateProvince="Minas Gerais">Rio Preto State Park</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="49A9F83CFFF2FFC0D7C2FED6FB5FFEF0" box="[1013,1168,332,357]" country="Brazil" name="Minas Gerais" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">Minas Gerais</collectingRegion>
State,
<collectingCountry id="F37A764EFFF2FFC0D0D1FED6FAE1FEF0" box="[1254,1326,332,357]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">Brazil</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B053C83FFF2FFC0D10AFED6FBFCFE12" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1439511225" collectingDate="2012-03-11" country="Brazil" location="Minas Gerais" pageId="6" pageNumber="473" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Minas Gerais" typeStatus="holotype">
Material collected on
<date id="FFD3101EFFF2FFC0D511FEEAFE6BFE1D" box="[294,420,368,392]" pageId="6" pageNumber="473" value="2012-03-11">
<collectingDate id="EF97E9F6FFF2FFC0D511FEEAFE6BFE1D" box="[294,420,368,392]" pageId="6" pageNumber="473" value="2012-03-11">11/03/2012</collectingDate>
</date>
by researchers of SISBIOTA Project—
<collectingRegion id="49A9F83CFFF2FFC0D76BFEF5FC3DFE1D" box="[860,1010,367,392]" country="Brazil" name="Minas Gerais" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">Minas Gerais</collectingRegion>
state.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3776555FFF2FFC0D4F0FE0EFAB5FC5D" pageId="6" pageNumber="473" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BD236DEFFF2FFC0D4F0FE0EFAB5FC5D" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF2FFC0D4F0FE0EFEF5FE38" bold="true" box="[199,314,404,429]" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">Diagnosis</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF2FFC0D57BFE0EFDADFE38" box="[332,610,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">Parthenogenetic female.</emphasis>
Body spherical, brownish, dorsal margin strongly arched. Head with a large ocellus and without an eye. Head shield triangular; posterior portion elongated; rostrum short, its apex sinuous, in lateral view slightly pointed upward. Labrum naked, with a triangular apex; its anterior margin sinuous. Carapace with ventral margin rounded, armed with 45–56 plumose setae located exactly at the valve margin, clearly not articulated. Antennule short, nine aesthetascs of variable length, all longer than antennular body. Antenna with branches/basal segment ratio about 1.5, segments armed with several spinulae, first exopodite segment armed with a row of long and thin setulae inserted near its base. Both apical spines armed proximally and distally with strong spinulae along one side. Abdomen as long as thorax, with four rows of abdominal setae. Postabdomen short; anal margin concave with two distinct angles; postanal margin constricted and armed with four to five thick teeth. Postabdominal claw very robust and shorter than preanal margin; ventral margin armed with a group of relatively short setulae; pecten on concave side of claw saw-shaped due to presence of teeth, distalmost basal spines long and robust about half length of the postabdominal claw; proximalmost basal spine three times shorter than distalmost basal spine. First limb with seta (c) of third endite thick, with conical denticulation forming a crown; seta 1 of third endite robust, laterally armed with short denticles; second endite with seta (e) thick, with conical denticulation forming a crown. Second limb with a single seta on exopodite; anterior soft seta inserted near base of first scraper; scrapers 3 and 7 armed with heavy denticles; gnathobasic brush armed with strong setulae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3776555FFF2FFCED4F0FC4EFCD4FE1D" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="475" pageId="6" pageNumber="473" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD236DEFFF2FFC0D4F0FC4EFEDFFBA0" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF2FFC0D4F0FC4EFD07FC78" bold="true" box="[199,712,980,1005]" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">Description. Adult parthenogenetic female.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF2FFC0D6F9FC4EFCE8FC78" box="[718,807,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">Habitus</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13562A5BFFF2FFC0D701FC4EFCBBFC79" box="[822,884,980,1005]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1936,1958]" captionTargetBox="[208,1378,231,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[186,1400,195,1912]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Monospilus macroerosus sp. nov. A, habitus from adult parthenogenetic female, lateral view. B, idem, juvenile. C, idem, anterior view. D, carapace, posteroventral corner. E, head, lateral view. F, labral keel. G – H, postabdomen. I, postabdominal claw. Scale bars = 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/376915/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
A, C). Length
<quantity id="4C959B3BFFF2FFC0D02DFC4EFB71FC79" box="[1050,1214,980,1004]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" metricValueMax="3.9" metricValueMin="3.7" pageId="6" pageNumber="473" unit="mm" value="0.38" valueMax="0.39" valueMin="0.37">0.37–0.39 mm</quantity>
, body height/length ratio about 0.80. Body spherical, brownish, dorsal margin strongly arched, without a dorsal keel or any lateral projection.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD236DEFFF2FFC0D4F0FBA5FDB8FB7D" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF2FFC0D4F0FBA5FECBFBCD" box="[199,260,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">Head</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13562A5BFFF2FFC0D522FBA5FE99FBCD" box="[277,342,1087,1112]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1936,1958]" captionTargetBox="[208,1378,231,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[186,1400,195,1912]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Monospilus macroerosus sp. nov. A, habitus from adult parthenogenetic female, lateral view. B, idem, juvenile. C, idem, anterior view. D, carapace, posteroventral corner. E, head, lateral view. F, labral keel. G – H, postabdomen. I, postabdominal claw. Scale bars = 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/376915/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
A). Compound eye absent, ocellus large. Head shield (
<figureCitation id="13562A5BFFF2FFC0D7FEFBA5FBDBFBCD" box="[969,1044,1087,1112]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1936,1958]" captionTargetBox="[208,1378,231,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[186,1400,195,1912]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Monospilus macroerosus sp. nov. A, habitus from adult parthenogenetic female, lateral view. B, idem, juvenile. C, idem, anterior view. D, carapace, posteroventral corner. E, head, lateral view. F, labral keel. G – H, postabdomen. I, postabdominal claw. Scale bars = 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/376915/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
A, C, E; 2A–B; 4E–G) triangular; posterior portion elongated, ornamented with tiny concave structures or protuberances visible in SEM; mandibular articulation projected beyond margin. Rostrum short, its apex sinuous, in lateral view slightly pointed upward. Single major head pore with a protruded rim, located in a slight depression without ornamentation; PP/body length about 0.08–0.09; lateral head pores absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD236DEFFF2FFC0D4F0FB6EFEC5FAA5" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF2FFC0D4F0FB6EFEEFFA98" box="[199,288,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">Labrum</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13562A5BFFF2FFC0D504FB6EFEB9FA99" box="[307,374,1268,1293]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1936,1958]" captionTargetBox="[208,1378,231,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[186,1400,195,1912]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Monospilus macroerosus sp. nov. A, habitus from adult parthenogenetic female, lateral view. B, idem, juvenile. C, idem, anterior view. D, carapace, posteroventral corner. E, head, lateral view. F, labral keel. G – H, postabdomen. I, postabdominal claw. Scale bars = 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/376915/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
E–F). Labral keel short, naked, its anterior margin sinuous, with at least three lobes, apex triangular.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD236DEFFF2FFC0D4F0FAA6FBD9FAC1" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[199,1046,1340,1365]" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF2FFC0D4F0FAA6FED1FAC0" box="[199,286,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">Maxilla</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13562A5BFFF2FFC0D51AFAA6FEBEFAC1" box="[301,369,1340,1365]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[192,1386,205,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[182,1404,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Monospilus macroerosus sp. nov. A, head shield. B, main head pore. C, rostrum. D, antennule. E, antenna. F, maxilla. G, first limb. H, idem, elements on the second and third endites. I, idem, seta (e) on the second endite. J, idem, seta (c) on the third endite. K, idem, ODL and IDL. Scale bars = 50 µm. Abbreviations see Material and Methods." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/376916/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
F). Relatively well developed, with two long setulated setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD236DEFFF2FFC0D4F0FAFAFE69F99D" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF2FFC0D4F0FAFAFEFAFAE2" box="[199,309,1376,1399]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">Carapace</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13562A5BFFF2FFC0D572FAC5FE40FAED" box="[325,399,1375,1400]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1936,1958]" captionTargetBox="[208,1378,231,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[186,1400,195,1912]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Monospilus macroerosus sp. nov. A, habitus from adult parthenogenetic female, lateral view. B, idem, juvenile. C, idem, anterior view. D, carapace, posteroventral corner. E, head, lateral view. F, labral keel. G – H, postabdomen. I, postabdominal claw. Scale bars = 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/376915/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
A–D; 4A–D). Moulting incomplete, accumulation of three (juveniles) to six (adults) valves takes place; valves sometimes covered by parts of the head, with a punctate ornamentation; under SEM tiny concave structures or protuberances could be seen; ventral margin rounded armed with 45–56 plumose setae, longer at middle portion; setae are located exactly at the valve margin, clearly not articulated. Inner spinulae on posterior margin absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD236DEFFF2FFC0D4F0F98EFE2EF90D" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF2FFC0D4F0F98EFEF6F9B8" box="[199,313,1556,1581]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">Antennule</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13562A5BFFF2FFC0D57FF98EFE43F9B9" box="[328,396,1556,1581]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[192,1386,205,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[182,1404,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Monospilus macroerosus sp. nov. A, head shield. B, main head pore. C, rostrum. D, antennule. E, antenna. F, maxilla. G, first limb. H, idem, elements on the second and third endites. I, idem, seta (e) on the second endite. J, idem, seta (c) on the third endite. K, idem, ODL and IDL. Scale bars = 50 µm. Abbreviations see Material and Methods." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/376916/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
D). Short, with length about 1.4 times of width, exceeding tip of rostrum, three rows of long setulae on antennular body. Antennular sensory seta slender, about the same length as antennular body, inserted at the first quarter of the antennule body. Nine aesthetascs of different length, each longer than antennular body. One aesthetasc longer than others.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD236DEFFF2FFC0D4F0F93FFD7FF8E5" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF2FFC0D4F0F93FFEEAF929" box="[199,293,1701,1724]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">Antenna</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13562A5BFFF2FFC0D503F93EFEB8F929" box="[308,375,1700,1725]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[192,1386,205,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[182,1404,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Monospilus macroerosus sp. nov. A, head shield. B, main head pore. C, rostrum. D, antennule. E, antenna. F, maxilla. G, first limb. H, idem, elements on the second and third endites. I, idem, seta (e) on the second endite. J, idem, seta (c) on the third endite. K, idem, ODL and IDL. Scale bars = 50 µm. Abbreviations see Material and Methods." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/376916/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
E). Coxal setae not studied. Basal segment thick, armed with thick several spinulae and a thick spine distally. Branches/basal segment ratio about 1.5. First exopodite segment armed with a row of long and thin setulae inserted near to base; spine on first endopodite segement long, reaching middle-length of second endopodite segment, its base and apex armed laterally with strong spinulae. Apical spines with proximal and distal portions armed laterally with strong spines. Antennal formula: spines 001/101 (exo/endo), setae 013/003 (exo/ endo). All segments bear several thick spinulae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD236DEFFF2FFC0D4F0F8E6FC22F800" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[199,1005,1916,1941]" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF2FFC0D4F0F8E6FEFEF800" box="[199,305,1916,1941]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">Abdomen</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13562A5BFFF2FFC0D577F8E6FEB0F801" box="[320,383,1916,1941]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1936,1958]" captionTargetBox="[208,1378,231,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[186,1400,195,1912]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Monospilus macroerosus sp. nov. A, habitus from adult parthenogenetic female, lateral view. B, idem, juvenile. C, idem, anterior view. D, carapace, posteroventral corner. E, head, lateral view. F, labral keel. G – H, postabdomen. I, postabdominal claw. Scale bars = 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/376915/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
A). As long as thorax, armed with four rows of setulae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD236DEFFF2FFC1D4F0F83AFC18FE38" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="474" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF2FFC0D4F0F83AFEAFF82C" box="[199,352,1952,1977]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">Postabdomen</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13562A5BFFF2FFC0D545F83AFE7BF82D" box="[370,436,1952,1977]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1936,1958]" captionTargetBox="[208,1378,231,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[186,1400,195,1912]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Monospilus macroerosus sp. nov. A, habitus from adult parthenogenetic female, lateral view. B, idem, juvenile. C, idem, anterior view. D, carapace, posteroventral corner. E, head, lateral view. F, labral keel. G – H, postabdomen. I, postabdominal claw. Scale bars = 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/376915/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="473">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
G–H). Short, height/length ratio about 0.37, ventral margin straight, with two rows of spinulae. Preanal margin longer than each anal or postanal margin. Preanal and postanal angles distinct; anal margin large, concave, with four to five groups of strong spinulae and seven to ten lateral fascicles of setulae. Postanal margin short, constricted, relatively straight, armed with four to five thick teeth; lateral spines (not fascicles) also present. Postabdominal seta (
<figureCitation id="13562A5BFFF3FFC1D6B9FF45FD00FF6D" box="[654,719,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1936,1958]" captionTargetBox="[208,1378,231,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[186,1400,195,1912]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Monospilus macroerosus sp. nov. A, habitus from adult parthenogenetic female, lateral view. B, idem, juvenile. C, idem, anterior view. D, carapace, posteroventral corner. E, head, lateral view. F, labral keel. G – H, postabdomen. I, postabdominal claw. Scale bars = 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/376915/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="474">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
G) about half the length of postabdomen; large and bilaterally armed with thin setulae. Postabdominal claw (
<figureCitation id="13562A5BFFF3FFC1D6AEFE9EFD2DFE89" box="[665,738,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1936,1958]" captionTargetBox="[208,1378,231,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[186,1400,195,1912]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Monospilus macroerosus sp. nov. A, habitus from adult parthenogenetic female, lateral view. B, idem, juvenile. C, idem, anterior view. D, carapace, posteroventral corner. E, head, lateral view. F, labral keel. G – H, postabdomen. I, postabdominal claw. Scale bars = 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/376915/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="474">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
G–I; 4H) very robust, shorter than preanal margin, longer than anal margin, apex not sharp and slightly curved; ventral margin armed with one group of relatively short setulae; pecten of concave side thick, armed with robust saw-shaped teeth. Distalmost basal spine very robust, broad, about half length of the postabdominal claw, about two times as long as width of postabdominal claw at its base; proximalmost basal spine about three times shorter than distal basal spine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD236DEFFF3FFC1D4F0FE2DFE5AFE45" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[199,405,439,464]" pageId="7" pageNumber="474">Six pairs of limbs.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD236DEFFF3FFC1D4F0FE47FC01FC52" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="7" pageNumber="474">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF3FFC1D4F0FE47FEF6FE60" box="[199,313,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="474">First limb</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13562A5BFFF3FFC1D57CFE46FE5EFE61" box="[331,401,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[192,1386,205,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[182,1404,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Monospilus macroerosus sp. nov. A, head shield. B, main head pore. C, rostrum. D, antennule. E, antenna. F, maxilla. G, first limb. H, idem, elements on the second and third endites. I, idem, seta (e) on the second endite. J, idem, seta (c) on the third endite. K, idem, ODL and IDL. Scale bars = 50 µm. Abbreviations see Material and Methods." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/376916/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="474">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
G–K). Epipodite oval, with a long, finger-like projection. Accessory seta relatively small, setulated and implanted near to base of ODL, which has a thin seta, serrated in distal part, longer than IDL setae. IDL (endite 4) with three groups of strong setulae increasing in length towards distal portion; three setae present; first seta short, naked; setae 2–3 bisegmented, long, of similar length, armed with fine and short setulae. Endite 3 with four setae; seta (c) thick, armed with conical denticulation forming a crown, spinulae on lateral face present; seta 1 robust, laterally armed with short denticles; endite presenting a long and robust element closer to seta 1; posterior setae (a–b) setulated, longer than other two setae (posterior seta (c) and anterior seta 1). Endite 2 with a row of thick spinulae; three posterior setae present (d–f); seta (f) longer than setae (d–e), thick spinulae and setulae on lateral face; seta (e) thick, with a conical denticulation forming a crown, spinulae and setulae on lateral face present; seta (d) about same length as seta (e), setulated from median portion; one short element present. Endite 1 with three posterior setae (g–i); seta (i) longer than half-length of seta (g); setae (g–h) of different length, bisegmented and slightly setulated. Ejector hooks of different size, armed with thick denticles. Ventral face of limb with seven or eight rows of setulae organized in clusters, decreasing towards distal portion, most distal clusters presenting thick setulae. Gnathobase thick, bears a densely setulated seta.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD236DEFFF3FFC1D4F0FC4EFB7BFB7D" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="7" pageNumber="474">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF3FFC1D4F0FC4EFE9AFC78" box="[199,341,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="474">Second limb</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13562A5BFFF3FFC1D55EFC4EFE60FC79" box="[361,431,980,1005]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1902,1924]" captionTargetBox="[226,1370,231,1865]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[196,1390,193,1881]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Monospilus macroerosus sp. nov. A, second limb. B, idem, accessory soft seta and exopodite. C, idem, third scraper. D, idem, seventh scraper. E, third limb, exopodite. F, idem, distal endite. G, idem, basal endite. H, fourth limb, exopodite. I, idem, distal and basal endites. J, fifth limb. K, idem, internal lobe. L, sixth limb. Scale bar = 50 µm. For abbreviations see Material and Methods." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/376917/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="474">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
A–D). Exopodite subquadrangular, with a distal row of thin setulae. A single seta on exopodite about two times longer than exopodite itself. Inner limb portion armed with eight scrapers; anterior soft seta inserted near base of first scraper; scrapers 1–2 of similar length, armed with fine denticulation; scraper 3 shorter than scrapers 1–2,4–5, armed with at least twelve heavy denticles; scaper 7 relatively long, armed with ten heavy denticles; scrapers 4–6 and 8 with thick spinulae. Proximal portion of gnathobase short and wide; gnathobasic brush extended, armed with strong setulae. Distal portion of gnathobase with a sensillum and three setae; first and third setae elongated and sharp, second seta with distal portion geniculated and armed with short denticles. Filter comb with seven setae, first seta short and densely setulated; other setae long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD236DEFFF3FFC1D4F0FB6EFDC6F9E0" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="7" pageNumber="474">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF3FFC1D4F0FB6EFEF1FA98" box="[199,318,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="474">Third limb</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13562A5BFFF3FFC1D579FB6EFE5EFA99" box="[334,401,1268,1293]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1902,1924]" captionTargetBox="[226,1370,231,1865]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[196,1390,193,1881]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Monospilus macroerosus sp. nov. A, second limb. B, idem, accessory soft seta and exopodite. C, idem, third scraper. D, idem, seventh scraper. E, third limb, exopodite. F, idem, distal endite. G, idem, basal endite. H, fourth limb, exopodite. I, idem, distal and basal endites. J, fifth limb. K, idem, internal lobe. L, sixth limb. Scale bar = 50 µm. For abbreviations see Material and Methods." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/376917/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="474">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
E–G). Epipodite oval, with a finger-like short projection. Exopodite quadrangular with five distal and two lateral setae; seventh and sixth setae of different length; fifth seta relatively shorter than second seta; third and fourth setae of similar length, shorter than half length of second seta; first seta about two times shorter than second seta; setae 3–7 plumose; second seta with short setulae not exceeding middle length itself, armed with thick spinulae from median portion; first seta without setulae, bilaterally armed with short and thick spinulae. Distal endite with three setae (1–3), two scraper-like with thick denticles (1–2), third seta (3) slightly curved and armed with many setulae implanted bilaterally; four plumose posterior setae increasing in length towards gnathobase (a–d). Basal endite with four anterior soft setae (4–7); a large sensillum near base of first soft seta. Gnathobase armed with four elements; first a cylindrical sensillum, second a long geniculate seta setulated from the base, third and fourth elements clearly separated, with acute tip, naked. Filter comb with seven setae, first setae relatively shorter than the others.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD236DEFFF3FFC1D4F0F9E5FEE1F82D" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="7" pageNumber="474">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF3FFC1D4F0F9E5FE9CF90D" box="[199,339,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="474">Fourth limb</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13562A5BFFF3FFC1D550F9E5FE61F90D" box="[359,430,1663,1688]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1902,1924]" captionTargetBox="[226,1370,231,1865]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[196,1390,193,1881]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Monospilus macroerosus sp. nov. A, second limb. B, idem, accessory soft seta and exopodite. C, idem, third scraper. D, idem, seventh scraper. E, third limb, exopodite. F, idem, distal endite. G, idem, basal endite. H, fourth limb, exopodite. I, idem, distal and basal endites. J, fifth limb. K, idem, internal lobe. L, sixth limb. Scale bar = 50 µm. For abbreviations see Material and Methods." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/376917/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="474">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
H–I). Pre-epipodite subquadrangular, setulae not studied. Epipodite oval, with a long projection. Exopodite round with six setae; setae 6–5 subequal in length; fourth seta longer than all others; third seta markedly short; second seta long, without setulae, bilaterally armed with thick and short spinulae; first seta about two times shorter than second seta, without setulae, bilaterally armed with thick and short spinulae. Distal endite with four setae (1–4), one scraper-like (1) and three flaming-torch (2–4) setae decreasing in size towards the base; first flaming-torch seta thick, armed with long and thick setulae; a sensillum between base of second and third flaming-torch setae. Basal endite with three soft setae (a–c), increasing in length towards the base. Gnathobase armed with a globular sensillum and a setulated seta implanted on a robust base. Filter comb with five slender setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD236DEFFF3FFCED4F0F85EFD7DFED5" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1437,151,1365]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="475" pageId="7" pageNumber="474">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFF3FFC1D4F0F85EFEF1F848" box="[199,318,1988,2013]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="474">Fifth limb</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13562A5BFFF3FFC1D561F85EFE50F849" box="[342,415,1988,2013]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1902,1924]" captionTargetBox="[226,1370,231,1865]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[196,1390,193,1881]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Monospilus macroerosus sp. nov. A, second limb. B, idem, accessory soft seta and exopodite. C, idem, third scraper. D, idem, seventh scraper. E, third limb, exopodite. F, idem, distal endite. G, idem, basal endite. H, fourth limb, exopodite. I, idem, distal and basal endites. J, fifth limb. K, idem, internal lobe. L, sixth limb. Scale bar = 50 µm. For abbreviations see Material and Methods." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/376917/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="474">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
J–K). Pre-epipodite subrectangular and densely setulated. Epipodite round with long projection. Exopodite rectangular, not divided in lobes, about two times as long as wide; slight depression on the marginal line between setae 1–2; four plumose setae; setae 2–4 of similar length; first seta about half length of second seta; long and thin setulae near to first seta. Internal lobe elongated, sub-rectangular and with setulae; two setulated setae of different length on inner face of the lobe, no elements between these setae. Gnathobase armed with a single element, three setae in filter comb.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD236DEFFFCFFCED4F0FED6FBF5FEF0" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1365]" box="[199,1082,332,357]" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFFCFFCED4F0FED6FEF7FEF0" box="[199,312,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">Sixth limb</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13562A5BFFFCFFCED571FED6FE46FEF1" box="[326,393,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1902,1924]" captionTargetBox="[226,1370,231,1865]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[196,1390,193,1881]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Monospilus macroerosus sp. nov. A, second limb. B, idem, accessory soft seta and exopodite. C, idem, third scraper. D, idem, seventh scraper. E, third limb, exopodite. F, idem, distal endite. G, idem, basal endite. H, fourth limb, exopodite. I, idem, distal and basal endites. J, fifth limb. K, idem, internal lobe. L, sixth limb. Scale bar = 50 µm. For abbreviations see Material and Methods." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/376917/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
L). Wide and oval, armed laterally with long and fine setulae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD236DEFFFCFFCED4F0FEF5FCD4FE1D" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1365]" box="[199,795,367,392]" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFFCFFCED4F0FEF5FD51FE1D" bold="true" box="[199,670,367,392]" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">Ephippial female, ephippium and male.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3776555FFFCFFCED4F0FE0EFD0CFC81" pageId="8" pageNumber="475" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BD236DEFFFCFFCED4F0FE0EFD0CFC81" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFFCFFCED4F0FE0EFE05FE38" bold="true" box="[199,458,404,429]" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">Differential diagnosis</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5DFFFCFFCED5EBFE0EFD37FE39" box="[476,760,404,429]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Monospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="8" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macroerosus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFFCFFCED5EBFE0EFD37FE39" box="[476,760,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">Monospilus macroerosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFFCFFCED734FE0EFCAFFE38" bold="true" box="[771,864,404,429]" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22A57B7FFFCFFCED734FE0EFCAFFE38" box="[771,864,404,429]" pageId="8" pageNumber="475" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is easily differentiated from other species of the genus by the antenna II, which branches are shorter than in
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5DFFFCFFCED700FE23FC3DFE45" box="[823,1010,439,464]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Monospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="8" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brachyspinus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFFCFFCED700FE23FC3DFE45" box="[823,1010,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">M. brachyspinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFFCFFCED7CDFE2DFB9BFE45" bold="true" box="[1018,1108,439,464]" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22A57B7FFFCFFCED7CDFE2DFB9BFE45" box="[1018,1108,439,464]" pageId="8" pageNumber="475" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5DFFFCFFCED0BBFE2DFAC0FE45" box="[1164,1295,439,464]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Monospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="8" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFFCFFCED0BBFE2DFAC0FE45" box="[1164,1295,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">Monospilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. Antenna II is armed with a row of long and thin setulae on the first segment of the exopodite, all segments with many spinulae and terminal spines armed with short and thick spinulae. These features are shared with
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5DFFFCFFCED0D6FD9BFA53FD8D" box="[1249,1436,511,536]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Monospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="8" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brachyspinus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFFCFFCED0D6FD9BFA53FD8D" box="[1249,1436,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">M. brachyspinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFFCFFCED4A0FDBEFF3FFDA8" bold="true" box="[151,240,548,573]" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22A57B7FFFCFFCED4A0FDBEFF3FFDA8" box="[151,240,548,573]" pageId="8" pageNumber="475" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, however, in this species spines are thinner than in the former. The postabdominal claw of
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5DFFFCFFCED0DFFDBFFA54FDA9" box="[1256,1435,549,572]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Monospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="8" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macroerosus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFFCFFCED0DFFDBFFA54FDA9" box="[1256,1435,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">M. macroerosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFFCFFCED4A0FDDDFF3FFDF5" bold="true" box="[151,240,583,608]" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22A57B7FFFCFFCED4A0FDDDFF3FFDF5" box="[151,240,583,608]" pageId="8" pageNumber="475" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is supplied with a saw-shaped pecten and proximal spinulae modified in a relatively long spine. Regarding the limbs,
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5DFFFCFFCED525FDF7FE07FD11" box="[274,456,621,644]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Monospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="8" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macroerosus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFFCFFCED525FDF7FE07FD11" box="[274,456,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">M. macroerosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFFCFFCED5E5FDF6FDE1FD10" bold="true" box="[466,558,620,645]" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22A57B7FFFCFFCED5E5FDF6FDE1FD10" box="[466,558,620,645]" pageId="8" pageNumber="475" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
also has some particular morphological traits as compared to
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5DFFFCFFCED0C9FDF7FAA3FD10" box="[1278,1388,620,645]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Monospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="8" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dispar">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFFCFFCED0C9FDF7FAA3FD10" box="[1278,1388,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">M. dispar</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5DFFFCFFCED14AFDF7FF33FD3D" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Monospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="8" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="daedalus">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFFCFFCED14AFDF7FF33FD3D" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">M. daedalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5DFFFCFFCED53DFD0BFE0BFD3D" box="[266,452,655,680]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Monospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="8" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brachyspinus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFFCFFCED53DFD0BFE0BFD3D" box="[266,452,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">M. brachyspinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFFCFFCED5FBFD15FDEAFD3D" bold="true" box="[460,549,655,680]" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22A57B7FFFCFFCED5FBFD15FDEAFD3D" box="[460,549,655,680]" pageId="8" pageNumber="475" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5DFFFCFFCED66BFD15FD11FD3D" box="[604,734,655,680]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Monospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="8" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFFCFFCED66BFD15FD11FD3D" box="[604,734,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">Monospilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.: the third and second endites of the first limb bear one seta with a conical denticulation forming a crown; and the third and seventh scrapers on the second limb are armed with strong denticles. The seta (f) on the endite 3 of the first limb is markedly longer than that in any
<collectingRegion id="49A9F83CFFFCFFCED0D3FD4DFAEAFD65" box="[1252,1317,727,752]" country="Cameroon" name="South" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">South</collectingRegion>
American congeners. Other differences are listed in Table 1.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3776555FFFCFFCED4F0FC85FD33FAC1" pageId="8" pageNumber="475" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BD236DEFFFCFFCED4F0FC85FD33FAC1" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFFCFFCED4F0FC85FE36FCAD" bold="true" box="[199,505,799,824]" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">Distribution and biology.</emphasis>
So far,
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5DFFFCFFCED66BFC85FCB7FCAD" box="[604,888,799,824]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Monospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="8" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macroerosus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFFCFFCED66BFC85FCB7FCAD" box="[604,888,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">Monospilus macroerosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFFCFFCED7B3FC85FC2EFCAD" bold="true" box="[900,993,799,824]" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22A57B7FFFCFFCED7B3FC85FC2EFCAD" box="[900,993,799,824]" pageId="8" pageNumber="475" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
was found only
<collectingCountry id="F37A764EFFFCFFCED09BFC85FB3FFCAD" box="[1196,1264,799,824]" name="Brazil" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="13562A5BFFFCFFCED133FC85FA84FCAD" box="[1284,1355,799,824]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1768,1790]" captionTargetBox="[157,1433,807,1745]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,807,1746]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 9. Geographical distribution of South American Monospilus species and general aspect of the semiterristrial habitat of Monospilus macroerosus sp. nov. A, geographical distribution. B, gallery forest from São Vicente Stream, Terra Ronca State Park, Goiás, Brazil. C, wet leaf litter on the hydromorphic soil into Gallery forest from São Vicente Stream. Red circles = M. macroerosus sp. nov.; White circles = M. brachyspinus sp. nov.; Black circle = Monospilus sp." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/376923/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
A) and occurs in the Cerrado domain. We believe its distribution is limited because of the habitat
<typeStatus id="54D6887CFFFCFFCED04AFCDFFB62FCC8" box="[1149,1197,837,861]" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">type</typeStatus>
(wet leaf litter on the hydromorphic soil from gallery forest). Is likely a species endemic from the Cerrado domain, similarly to
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5DFFFCFFCED4A0FC16FD17FC31" authority="Elmoor-Loureiro, 2014" authorityName="Elmoor-Loureiro" authorityYear="2014" box="[151,728,908,933]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Ephemeroporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="8" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quasimodo">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFFCFFCED4A0FC16FE04FC30" box="[151,459,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">Ephemeroporus quasimodo</emphasis>
Elmoor-Loureiro, 2014
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5DFFFCFFCED738FC16FAB5FC31" authority="Sinev &amp; Elmoor-Loureiro, 2010" authorityName="Sinev &amp; Elmoor-Loureiro" authorityYear="2010" box="[783,1402,908,933]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Celsinotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="8" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candango">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFFCFFCED738FC16FBCBFC30" box="[783,1028,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">Celsinotum candango</emphasis>
Sinev &amp;
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC4B2FFFFCFFCED046FC16FAB5FC31" author="Elmoor-Loureiro" box="[1137,1402,908,933]" pageId="8" pageNumber="475" refString="Magris, R. A., Bond-Bockup, G., Magalhaes, C., Mantellato, L. F., Reid, J., Elmoor-Loureiro, L. M. A., Coeolho, P. A., Santana, W., Buckup, L., Rocha, S. S., Bueno, S. L. S., Pinheiro, M. A. A., D'Inacio, F., Ivo, C. T. C, Neto, J. D., Rodrigues, E. S., Araujo, P. B., Junior, H. B. &amp; Duarte, L. F. A. (2010) Quantification of extinction risk for crustacean species: an overview of the National Red Listing process in Brazil. Nauplius, 10 (2), 129 - 135." type="journal article" year="2010">Elmoor-Loureiro, 2010</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. In the Terra Ronca State Park,
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5DFFFCFFCED5C1FC2BFD7EFC5D" box="[502,689,945,968]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Monospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="8" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macroerosus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFFCFFCED5C1FC2BFD7EFC5D" box="[502,689,945,968]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">M. macroerosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFFCFFCED6F7FC35FCEEFC5D" bold="true" box="[704,801,943,968]" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22A57B7FFFCFFCED6F7FC35FCEEFC5D" box="[704,801,943,968]" pageId="8" pageNumber="475" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
was found exclusively in the wet leaf litter on the hydromorphic soil in the gallery forest (
<figureCitation id="13562A5BFFFCFFCED645FC4EFD76FC79" box="[626,697,980,1005]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1768,1790]" captionTargetBox="[157,1433,807,1745]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,807,1746]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 9. Geographical distribution of South American Monospilus species and general aspect of the semiterristrial habitat of Monospilus macroerosus sp. nov. A, geographical distribution. B, gallery forest from São Vicente Stream, Terra Ronca State Park, Goiás, Brazil. C, wet leaf litter on the hydromorphic soil into Gallery forest from São Vicente Stream. Red circles = M. macroerosus sp. nov.; White circles = M. brachyspinus sp. nov.; Black circle = Monospilus sp." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/376923/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
B–C). In the same area, other lotic systems, karst habitats and wetlands were sampled, and we have not observed any specimens of this species in any habitat than leaf litter (
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC4B2FFFFCFFCED4A9FB86FEFAFBA1" author="Arruda" box="[158,309,1052,1077]" pageId="8" pageNumber="475" refString="Arruda, T. F. (2014) Levantamento da fauna de cladoceros (Crustacea, Branchiopoda) no Parque Estadual Terra Ronca, Goias. Universidade Catolica de Brasilia, Brasilia, 32 pp." type="book" year="2014">Arruda 2014</bibRefCitation>
). Occasionally,
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5DFFFCFFCED5DFFB87FD53FBA1" box="[488,668,1053,1076]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Monospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="8" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macroerosus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFFCFFCED5DFFB87FD53FBA1" box="[488,668,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">M. macroerosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFFCFFCED692FB86FCCFFBA0" bold="true" box="[677,768,1052,1077]" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22A57B7FFFCFFCED692FB86FCCFFBA0" box="[677,768,1052,1077]" pageId="8" pageNumber="475" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
may also occur in typical aquatic ecosystems. In the Preto River State Park—
<collectingRegion id="49A9F83CFFFCFFCED55BFBA5FDC6FBCD" box="[364,521,1087,1112]" country="Brazil" name="Minas Gerais" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">Minas Gerais</collectingRegion>
, two individuals were found in a first-order stream associated to microhabitats strongly influenced by the riparian zone (litter). The morphological traits indicate that
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5DFFFCFFCED05DFBFFFAD0FBE9" box="[1130,1311,1125,1148]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Monospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="8" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macroerosus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFFCFFCED05DFBFFFAD0FBE9" box="[1130,1311,1125,1148]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">M. macroerosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFFCFFCED110FBFEFA4EFBE8" bold="true" box="[1319,1409,1124,1149]" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22A57B7FFFCFFCED110FBFEFA4EFBE8" box="[1319,1409,1124,1149]" pageId="8" pageNumber="475" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is an active scraper; and we believe it forages on the biofilm of decaying plant material in semiterrestrial habitats, which is a peculiar trait when compared with other species of the genus. For instance,
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5DFFFCFFCED062FB36FABBFB50" box="[1109,1396,1196,1221]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Monospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="8" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brachyspinus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFFCFFCED062FB36FABBFB50" box="[1109,1396,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">Monospilus brachyspinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFFCFFCED14DFB36FF07FB7D" bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22A57B7FFFCFFCED14DFB36FF07FB7D" pageId="8" pageNumber="475" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
was found associated to macrophytes or leaf litter within lotic systems. Previous studies on
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5DFFFCFFCED0FCFB55FA53FB7D" box="[1227,1436,1231,1256]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Monospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="8" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dispar">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFFCFFCED0FCFB55FA53FB7D" box="[1227,1436,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">Monospilus dispar</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
indicate that it can be found in different
<typeStatus id="54D6887CFFFCFFCED65BFB6FFD68FA98" box="[620,679,1269,1293]" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">types</typeStatus>
of aquatic environments, such as the bottom of lotic systems and associated to the vegetation of ponds (
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC4B2FFFFCFFCED677FA8DFD1BFAA5" author="Alonso" box="[576,724,1303,1328]" pageId="8" pageNumber="475" refString="Alonso, M. (1996) Fauna Iberica. Crustacea, Branchiopoda. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Madri, 486 pp." type="book" year="1996">Alonso 1996</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC4B2FFFFCFFCED6D7FA8DFC6EFAA5" author="Sinev" box="[736,929,1303,1328]" pageId="8" pageNumber="475" refString="Sinev, A. Y., Gu, Y. &amp; Han, B. P. (2015) Cladocera of Haina Island, China. Zootaxa, 4006 (3), 569 - 585. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4006.3.9" type="journal article" year="2015">
Sinev
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFFCFFCED711FA83FC91FAA5" box="[806,862,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">et al.</emphasis>
2015
</bibRefCitation>
). The same kind of habitat is also reported by
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5DFFFCFFCED4A0FAA7FEEEFAC0" box="[151,289,1340,1365]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Monospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="8" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="daedalus">
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFFCFFCED4A0FAA7FEEEFAC0" box="[151,289,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">M. daedalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC4B2FFFFCFFCED507FAA6FDD2FAC1" author="Kotov" box="[304,541,1340,1365]" pageId="8" pageNumber="475" refString="Kotov, A. A. &amp; Sinev, A. Y. (2011) Cladocera (Crustacea, Branchiopoda) from the Zeya river basin from the Zeya river basin: 2. Description of new taxa. Zoologicheskii Zhurnal, 90, 272 - 284." type="journal article" year="2011">Kotov &amp; Sinev 2011</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC4B2FFFFCFFCED61FFAA7FD3FFAC1" author="Kotov" box="[552,752,1340,1365]" pageId="8" pageNumber="475" refString="Kotov, A. A. &amp; Sinev, A. Y. (2011) Cladocera (Crustacea, Branchiopoda) from the Zeya river basin from the Zeya river basin: 2. Description of new taxa. Zoologicheskii Zhurnal, 90, 272 - 284." type="journal article" year="2011">
Kotov
<emphasis id="B919EACCFFFCFFCED642FAA7FD62FAC0" box="[629,685,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="475">et al.</emphasis>
2011
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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