428 lines
62 KiB
XML
428 lines
62 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="74E7F73440828CB72C2F5520613DA985">Taxonomy of Some Microporids (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata) from the Pacific Coast of Japan</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="EEBEBC4D68031916E85A5679B09364C5">Arakawa, Shinji</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="BB42014BB236FFBCBA11CDCD319BC9DD">Species Diversity</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="BBAAB00CEFE9F43D38B938CC3D3E0FAE">2016</mods:date>
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<treatment id="DA5F87F2467BFFC2FCE9FCE2FD1EFEA0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5526917" ID-GBIF-Taxon="188493044" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5526917" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DA5F87F2467BFFC2FCE9FCE2FD1EFEA0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DA5F87F2467BFFC2FCE9FCE2FD1EFEA0" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">
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<subSubSection id="1AEC656F467BFFC6FCE9FCE2FB2EFC2A" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="524936E4467BFFC6FCE9FCE2FB2EFC2A" blockId="9.[893,1359,881,938]" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">
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<heading id="09018188467BFFC6FCE9FCE2FB2EFC2A" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="95F64D67467BFFC6FCE9FCE2FAD3FC09" ID-CoL="434BB" authority="Canu and Bassler, 1929" authorityName="Canu and Bassler, NMNS PA" authorityYear="1929" box="[893,1359,881,905]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporidae" genus="Microporina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="japonica">
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<emphasis id="6082EAF6467BFFC6FCE9FCE2FBFCFC09" bold="true" box="[893,1120,881,905]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">Microporina japonica</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="36674B15467BFFC6FBF1FCE2FAD3FC09" author="Canu, F. & Bassler, R. S." box="[1125,1359,881,905]" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" pagination="1 - 685" refId="ref11740" refString="Canu, F. and Bassler, R. S. 1929. Bryozoa of the Philippine Region. U. S. National Museum Bulletin 100 (9): i-xi + 1 - 685." type="journal article" year="1929">Canu and Bassler, 1929</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
|
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(
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||
<figureCitation id="CACD2A61467BFFC6FBB4FC01FBE5FC2A" box="[1056,1145,914,938]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStartId-0="10.[156,187,1517,1539]" captionStartId-1="11.[156,187,1870,1892]" captionStartId-2="12.[156,187,1295,1317]" captionTargetBox-0="[188,1398,207,1477]" captionTargetBox-1="[226,1361,206,1831]" captionTargetBox-2="[226,1361,206,1255]" captionTargetId-0="figure-241@10.[187,1399,205,1478]" captionTargetId-1="figure-69@11.[225,1362,205,1832]" captionTargetId-2="figure-415@12.[225,1362,205,1256]" captionTargetPageId-0="10" captionTargetPageId-1="11" captionTargetPageId-2="12" captionText-0="Fig. 6. Microporina japonica Canu and Bassler, 1929, A, NMNS PA 16842A; B, NMNS PA 16842F; C, NMNS PA 18152; D, NMNS PA 16844: A, B, small internodes; C, medium-sized internode; D, large internode. Scale bars: 200µm." captionText-1="Fig. 7. Microporina japonica Canu and Bassler, 1929, A, NMNS PA 16842 H; B, NMNS PA 16844; C, D, NMNS PA 16843 B: A, zooids with thin mural rim; B, zooids with greatly thickened lateral rim; C, D, zooids with immediately thickened lateral rim. Scale bars: 200µm." captionText-2="Fig. 8. Microporina japonica Canu and Bassler, 1929, A, B, NMNS PA 18153; C, NMNS PA 18152: A, orifice, opesiules, and avicularium; B, enlargement of opesiule in A; C, orifice and opesiules. Scale bars:50µm (A, C); 20µm (B)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4583653" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4583657" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4583661" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4583653/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4583657/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/4583661/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">Figs 6–8</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="CACD2A61467BFFC6FB16FC01FB37FC2A" box="[1154,1195,914,938]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[156,187,1265,1287]" captionTargetBox="[226,1361,206,1225]" captionTargetId="figure-337@18.[225,1362,205,1226]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 13. Inner surface of frontal shield, A, Metamicropora areolae (Sakakura), NMNS PA 18158; B, Microporina japonica Canu and Bassler, NMNS PA 18156; C, Microporina okadai Silén, NMNS PA 18160. Scale bars: 50µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4583683" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4583683/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">13B</figureCitation>
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)
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1AEC656F467BFFC6FCA0FC40FB74FB2E" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="524936E4467BFFC6FCA0FC40FC32FB8B" blockId="9.[820,1432,979,1198]" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="72E611CA467BFFC6FCA0FC40FC32FB8B" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">
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<treatmentCitation id="D35710F5467BFFC6FCA0FC40FADBFC6B" author="Canu, F. & Bassler, R. S." box="[820,1351,979,1003]" page="139" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" year="1929">
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<taxonomicName id="95F64D67467BFFC6FCA0FC40FADBFC6B" ID-CoL="434BB" authority="Canu and Bassler, 1929: 139" authorityName="Canu and Bassler, NMNS PA" authorityPageNumber="139" authorityYear="1929" box="[820,1351,979,1003]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporidae" genus="Microporina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="japonica">
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<emphasis id="6082EAF6467BFFC6FCA0FC40FB8CFC6A" box="[820,1040,979,1002]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">Microporina japonica</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="36674B15467BFFC6FB8EFC40FADBFC6B" author="Canu, F. & Bassler, R. S." box="[1050,1351,979,1003]" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" pagination="1 - 685" refId="ref11740" refString="Canu, F. and Bassler, R. S. 1929. Bryozoa of the Philippine Region. U. S. National Museum Bulletin 100 (9): i-xi + 1 - 685." type="journal article" year="1929">Canu and Bassler, 1929: 139</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, pl. 14, figs 9–11.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="524936E4467BFFC6FCA0FB87FB74FB2E" blockId="9.[820,1432,979,1198]" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="72E611CA467BFFC6FCA0FB87FB74FB2E" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">
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||
<taxonomicName id="95F64D67467BFFC6FCA0FB87FB82FBAC" ID-CoL="434B8" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1821" box="[820,1054,1044,1068]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporidae" genus="Microporina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="articulata">
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<emphasis id="6082EAF6467BFFC6FCA0FB87FB82FBAC" box="[820,1054,1044,1068]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">Microporina articulata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(not of Fabricius, 1821):
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<treatmentCitation id="D35710F5467BFFC6FAAEFB87FC2FFBCC" author="Sakakura, K." page="259" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" year="1936">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="36674B15467BFFC6FAAEFB87FC2FFBCC" author="Sakakura, K." pageId="9" pageNumber="18" pagination="259 - 267" refId="ref13866" refString="Sakakura, K. 1936. On Microporina articulata (Fabricius), a cheilostomatous Bryozoa. Journal of Geology 43: 259 - 267. [In Japanese with English description]" type="journal article" year="1936">Sakakura 1936: 259</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, pl. 15, figs 1–5;
|
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<treatmentCitation id="D35710F5467BFFC6FBF7FBA7FA80FBCC" author="Arakawa, S." box="[1123,1308,1076,1100]" page="74" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" year="1984">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="36674B15467BFFC6FBF7FBA7FA80FBCC" author="Arakawa, S." box="[1123,1308,1076,1100]" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" pagination="80 - 2" refId="ref11401" refString="Arakawa, S. 1984. Recent bryozoans on the east offshore of the Boso Peninsula. Pp. 74 - 77. In: Miyazaki, T. and Honza, E. (Eds) Geological Investigation of the Tohoku and Ogasawara Arcs. April-June 1980 (GH 80 - 2 and 3 Cruises). Geological Survey of Japan, Tsukuba." type="journal article" year="1984">Arakawa 1984: 74</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, pl. 8-1, fig. 2 (only listed and illustrated);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="D35710F5467BFFC6FB01FBC6FAF3FBED" author="Nishizawa, Y." box="[1173,1391,1109,1133]" page="182" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" year="1987">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="36674B15467BFFC6FB01FBC6FAF3FBED" author="Nishizawa, Y." box="[1173,1391,1109,1133]" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" pagination="175 - 196" refId="ref13345" refString="Nishizawa, Y. 1987. Cheilostomata (Bryozoa) from Sado. Publication of Sado Museum 9: 175 - 196. [In Japanese]" type="journal article" year="1987">Nishizawa 1987: 182</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, pl. 1, fig. 3;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="D35710F5467BFFC6FC3CFBE6FBFCFB0D" author="Arakawa, S." box="[936,1120,1141,1165]" page="80" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" year="1995">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="36674B15467BFFC6FC3CFBE6FBFCFB0D" author="Arakawa, S." box="[936,1120,1141,1165]" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" pagination="75 - 110" refId="ref11466" refString="Arakawa, S. 1995. Bryozoan fauna in the Jizodo Formation (Pleistocene), Boso Peninsula, Honshu, Japan. Natural History Research 3: 75 - 110." type="journal article" year="1995">Arakawa 1995: 80</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(only listed);
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||
<treatmentCitation id="D35710F5467BFFC6FB65FBE6FCE8FB2E" author="Nishizawa, Y." page="152" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" year="1997">
|
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<bibRefCitation id="36674B15467BFFC6FB65FBE6FCE8FB2E" author="Nishizawa, Y." pageId="9" pageNumber="18" pagination="143 - 155" refId="ref13372" refString="Nishizawa, Y. 1997. The Pleistocene cheilostome bryozoans from the Boso Peninsula in comparison with Recent cheilostomes in Aburatsubo Bay and off Jogashima Island. Pp. 143 - 155. In: Arakawa, S. (Ed.) Professor Sumio Sakagami Memorial Volume. Association for the Publication of Professor Sumio Sakagami Memorial Volume, Kashima. [In Japanese]" type="book chapter" year="1997">Nishizawa 1997: 152</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, 153 (only listed);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="D35710F5467BFFC6FBB9FB05FB78FB2E" author="Arakawa, S." box="[1069,1252,1174,1198]" page="57" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" year="1999">
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<bibRefCitation id="36674B15467BFFC6FBB9FB05FB78FB2E" author="Arakawa, S." box="[1069,1252,1174,1198]" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" pagination="43 - 107" refId="ref11498" refString="Arakawa, S. 1999. A preliminary report on cheilostomatous bryozoans from the coast and the eastern continental shelf of the Boso Peninsula. Bulletin of Seishin-Gakuen 14: 43 - 107. [In Japanese]" type="journal article" year="1999">Arakawa 1999: 57</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
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.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1AEC656F467BFFC6FCDAFB44FAD5F9F5" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="524936E4467BFFC6FCDAFB44FAD5F9F5" blockId="9.[820,1432,1239,2076]" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis id="6082EAF6467BFFC6FCDAFB44FBB9FB6F" bold="true" box="[846,1061,1239,1263]" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">Material examined.</emphasis>
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||
<materialsCitation id="E29E3CB9467BFFC6FBABFB44FAF6F9D4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3357535304" collectionCode="NMNS" country="Japan" county="Atebi" location="Station" municipality="Pleistocene" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" specimenCode="PA 16842, PA 16843" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Chiba">
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<collectionCode id="34E7AE21467BFFC6FBABFB44FB1BFB6F" box="[1087,1159,1239,1263]" country="Taiwan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2nry-s1yg" name="National Museum of Natural Science" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">NMNS</collectionCode>
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<specimenCode id="02509E9F467BFFC6FB03FB44FA9FFB6F" box="[1175,1283,1239,1263]" collectionCode="NMNS" country="Taiwan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2nry-s1yg" name="National Museum of Natural Science" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">PA 16842</specimenCode>
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||
(eight internodes, A–H), 16844, and 18156 (inner surface of frontal shield), Station 1700,
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||
<emphasis id="6082EAF6467BFFC6FB86FA8BFB38FAB0" box="[1042,1188,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">Hakurei-Maru</emphasis>
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||
cruise GH80-2;
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||
<collectionCode id="34E7AE21467BFFC6FADBFA8BFA0BFAB0" box="[1359,1431,1304,1328]" country="Taiwan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2nry-s1yg" name="National Museum of Natural Science" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">NMNS</collectionCode>
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<specimenCode id="02509E9F467BFFC6FCA0FAAAFC09FAD0" box="[820,917,1336,1361]" collectionCode="NMNS" country="Taiwan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2nry-s1yg" name="National Museum of Natural Science" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">PA 16843</specimenCode>
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||
(four internodes, A–D), 18152, and 18153,
|
||
<location id="5729603F467BFFC6FAC4FAAAFA0BFAD1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DA5F87F2467BFFC2FCE9FCE2FD1EFEA0:5729603F467BFFC6FAC4FAAAFA0BFAD1" box="[1360,1431,1337,1361]" country="Japan" county="Atebi" municipality="Pleistocene" name="Station" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Chiba">Station</location>
|
||
1709,
|
||
<emphasis id="6082EAF6467BFFC6FCE1FACAFB9BFAF1" box="[885,1031,1369,1393]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">
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<location id="5729603F467BFFC6FCE1FACAFB9BFAF1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DA5F87F2467BFFC2FCE9FCE2FD1EFEA0:5729603F467BFFC6FCE1FACAFB9BFAF1" box="[885,1031,1369,1393]" country="Japan" county="Atebi" municipality="Pleistocene" name="Hakurei-Maru" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Chiba">Hakurei-Maru</location>
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||
</emphasis>
|
||
cruise GH80-2; SGBC-0389 (four internodes, A–D),
|
||
<location id="5729603F467BFFC6FC76FAE9FBB5FA12" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DA5F87F2467BFFC2FCE9FCE2FD1EFEA0:5729603F467BFFC6FC76FAE9FBB5FA12" box="[994,1065,1402,1426]" country="Japan" county="Atebi" municipality="Pleistocene" name="Station" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Chiba">Station</location>
|
||
1739,
|
||
<emphasis id="6082EAF6467BFFC6FBE5FAE9FA9FFA12" box="[1137,1283,1402,1426]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<location id="5729603F467BFFC6FBE5FAE9FA9FFA12" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DA5F87F2467BFFC2FCE9FCE2FD1EFEA0:5729603F467BFFC6FBE5FAE9FA9FFA12" box="[1137,1283,1402,1426]" country="Japan" county="Atebi" municipality="Pleistocene" name="Hakurei-Maru" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Chiba">Hakurei-Maru</location>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
cruise GH80- 2; SGBC-0391,
|
||
<location id="5729603F467BFFC6FC45FA09FB1AFA32" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DA5F87F2467BFFC2FCE9FCE2FD1EFEA0:5729603F467BFFC6FC45FA09FB1AFA32" box="[977,1158,1434,1458]" country="Japan" county="Atebi" municipality="Pleistocene" name="Jizodo Formation" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Chiba">Jizodo Formation</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="5729603F467BFFC6FB04FA09FA98FA32" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DA5F87F2467BFFC2FCE9FCE2FD1EFEA0:5729603F467BFFC6FB04FA09FA98FA32" box="[1168,1284,1434,1458]" country="Japan" county="Atebi" municipality="Pleistocene" name="Pleistocene" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Chiba">Pleistocene</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="5729603F467BFFC6FA9AFA09FACCFA32" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DA5F87F2467BFFC2FCE9FCE2FD1EFEA0:5729603F467BFFC6FA9AFA09FACCFA32" box="[1294,1360,1434,1458]" country="Japan" county="Atebi" municipality="Pleistocene" name="Jizodo" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Chiba">Jizodo</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="9032F806467BFFC6FACEFA09FC02FA53" country="Japan" name="Chiba" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">Chiba Prefecture</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2AE17674467BFFC6FC3AFA28FC75FA52" box="[942,1001,1467,1490]" name="Japan" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
; SGBC-0392,
|
||
<location id="5729603F467BFFC6FB15FA28FAA7FA53" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DA5F87F2467BFFC2FCE9FCE2FD1EFEA0:5729603F467BFFC6FB15FA28FAA7FA53" box="[1153,1339,1467,1491]" country="Japan" county="Atebi" municipality="Pleistocene" name="Jizodo Formation" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Chiba">Jizodo Formation</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="5729603F467BFFC6FADFFA28FCF8FA73" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DA5F87F2467BFFC2FCE9FCE2FD1EFEA0:5729603F467BFFC6FADFFA28FCF8FA73" country="Japan" county="Atebi" municipality="Pleistocene" name="Pleistocene" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Chiba">Pleistocene</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="5729603F467BFFC6FCE2FA48FC68FA73" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DA5F87F2467BFFC2FCE9FCE2FD1EFEA0:5729603F467BFFC6FCE2FA48FC68FA73" box="[886,1012,1499,1523]" country="Japan" county="Atebi" municipality="Pleistocene" name="Nanamagari" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Chiba">Nanamagari</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="9032F806467BFFC6FB92FA48FB20FA73" box="[1030,1212,1499,1523]" country="Japan" name="Chiba" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">Chiba Prefecture</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2AE17674467BFFC6FB59FA4FFA94FA73" box="[1229,1288,1500,1523]" name="Japan" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
; SGBC-0393,
|
||
<location id="5729603F467BFFC6FCA0FA6FFC73F994" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DA5F87F2467BFFC2FCE9FCE2FD1EFEA0:5729603F467BFFC6FCA0FA6FFC73F994" box="[820,1007,1532,1556]" country="Japan" county="Atebi" municipality="Pleistocene" name="Jizodo Formation" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Chiba">Jizodo Formation</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="5729603F467BFFC6FC6AFA6FFBEEF994" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DA5F87F2467BFFC2FCE9FCE2FD1EFEA0:5729603F467BFFC6FC6AFA6FFBEEF994" box="[1022,1138,1532,1556]" country="Japan" county="Atebi" municipality="Pleistocene" name="Pleistocene" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Chiba">Pleistocene</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="5729603F467BFFC6FB16FA6FFB6AF994" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DA5F87F2467BFFC2FCE9FCE2FD1EFEA0:5729603F467BFFC6FB16FA6FFB6AF994" box="[1154,1270,1532,1556]" country="Japan" county="Atebi" municipality="Pleistocene" name="Ichinosawa" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Chiba">Ichinosawa</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="9032F806467BFFC6FA92FA6FFCC3F9B4" country="Japan" name="Chiba" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">Chiba Prefecture</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2AE17674467BFFC6FCE4F98EFC37F9B4" box="[880,939,1565,1588]" name="Japan" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
; SGBC-0411 (not coated with metal),
|
||
<location id="5729603F467BFFC6FAC3F98FFC3EF9D5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DA5F87F2467BFFC2FCE9FCE2FD1EFEA0:5729603F467BFFC6FAC3F98FFC3EF9D5" country="Japan" county="Atebi" municipality="Pleistocene" name="Jizodo Formation" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Chiba">Jizodo Formation</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="B22DAC9E467BFFC6FC3AF9AEFBBEF9D5" box="[942,1058,1597,1621]" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">Pleistocene</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="BB284E68467BFFC6FBBAF9AEFBFAF9D5" box="[1070,1126,1597,1621]" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">Atebi</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="9032F806467BFFC6FBE7F9AEFABFF9D5" box="[1139,1315,1597,1621]" country="Japan" name="Chiba" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">Chiba Prefecture</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2AE17674467BFFC6FABBF9AEFAF6F9D4" box="[1327,1386,1597,1620]" name="Japan" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
. See
|
||
<tableCitation id="1F74035F467BFFC6FCA0F9CEFCE0F9F5" box="[820,892,1629,1653]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="2.[156,204,190,212]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Table 1. Geographical data of sampling localities. Locality numbers as in Fig.1." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/0689666C4670FFCDFF08FF2DFCE0FF53" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" tableUuid="0689666C4670FFCDFF08FF2DFCE0FF53">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
for coordinates and depths of cruise samples.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1AEC656F467BFFC5FCDAF9EDFBA4F957" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="524936E4467BFFC6FCDAF9EDFA8DF8B9" blockId="9.[820,1432,1239,2076]" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="6082EAF6467BFFC6FCDAF9EDFB32F915" bold="true" box="[846,1198,1661,1686]" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">Measurements (in milimetres).</emphasis>
|
||
NMNS PA 16842, 16843, 16844, 18152, and SGBC-0389. Autozooids (
|
||
<emphasis id="6082EAF6467BFFC6FCA9F953FCD6F957" box="[829,842,1728,1751]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">n</emphasis>
|
||
=183, 14): ZL, 0.62–1.18 (0.821±0.094); ZW, 0.25–0.44 (0.338±0.035); OrL, 0.08–0.14 (0.107±0.014); OrW, 0.13– 0.25 (0.201±0.019). Avicularia (
|
||
<emphasis id="6082EAF6467BFFC6FB10F892FB0DF898" box="[1156,1169,1793,1816]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">n</emphasis>
|
||
=76, 14): AvL, 0.16–0.25 (0.210±0.020); AvW, 0.13–0.24 (0.180±0.019).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="524936E4467BFFC5FCDAF8D2FBA4F957" blockId="9.[820,1432,1239,2076]" lastBlockId="10.[820,1432,1630,2077]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="6082EAF6467BFFC6FCDAF8D2FC4EF8D9" bold="true" box="[846,978,1857,1881]" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Colony erect, consisting of internodes increasing in width distally. Minimum internode size 2.0 mm long by
|
||
<quantity id="950E9B01467BFFC6FC13F811FC42F81A" box="[903,990,1922,1946]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.2" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="0.82">0.82 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter (NMNS PA 16842 A:
|
||
<figureCitation id="CACD2A61467BFFC6FAAAF811FA10F81A" box="[1342,1420,1922,1946]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[156,187,1517,1539]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,207,1477]" captionTargetId="figure-241@10.[187,1399,205,1478]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 6. Microporina japonica Canu and Bassler, 1929, A, NMNS PA 16842A; B, NMNS PA 16842F; C, NMNS PA 18152; D, NMNS PA 16844: A, B, small internodes; C, medium-sized internode; D, large internode. Scale bars: 200µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4583653" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4583653/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
|
||
); maximum size about 7.0 mm long (NMNS PA 16844:
|
||
<figureCitation id="CACD2A61467BFFC6FAE5F830FCC8F85B" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[156,187,1517,1539]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,207,1477]" captionTargetId="figure-241@10.[187,1399,205,1478]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 6. Microporina japonica Canu and Bassler, 1929, A, NMNS PA 16842A; B, NMNS PA 16842F; C, NMNS PA 18152; D, NMNS PA 16844: A, B, small internodes; C, medium-sized internode; D, large internode. Scale bars: 200µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4583653" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4583653/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">Fig. 6D</figureCitation>
|
||
) and about
|
||
<quantity id="950E9B01467BFFC6FC59F850FB84F85B" box="[973,1048,1987,2011]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter (NMNS PA 16843 C). Internodes generally circular in transverse section, composed of 8 to 12 columns of zooids; proximal ends of internodes occupied by kenozooids, and mural rim sometimes projected proximally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CACD2A614678FFC5FEAFF9EDFE13F916" box="[315,399,1662,1686]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[156,187,1517,1539]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,207,1477]" captionTargetId="figure-241@10.[187,1399,205,1478]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 6. Microporina japonica Canu and Bassler, 1929, A, NMNS PA 16842A; B, NMNS PA 16842F; C, NMNS PA 18152; D, NMNS PA 16844: A, B, small internodes; C, medium-sized internode; D, large internode. Scale bars: 200µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4583653" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4583653/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="19">Figs 6A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="CACD2A614678FFC5FE08F9EDFE22F916" box="[412,446,1662,1686]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[156,187,1870,1892]" captionTargetBox="[226,1361,206,1831]" captionTargetId="figure-69@11.[225,1362,205,1832]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 7. Microporina japonica Canu and Bassler, 1929, A, NMNS PA 16842 H; B, NMNS PA 16844; C, D, NMNS PA 16843 B: A, zooids with thin mural rim; B, zooids with greatly thickened lateral rim; C, D, zooids with immediately thickened lateral rim. Scale bars: 200µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4583657" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4583657/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="19">7D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Zooids elongate, sides nearly parallel, or wide in middle, sometimes tapering proximally. Frontal shield cryptocystal, flat, coarsely granulate, with many conspicuous, evenly distributed pores, surrounded by thick, rounded mural rim. Mural rim salient, finely granulated, and thickened with secondary calcification (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CACD2A614678FFC5FD40F8B2FF3BF8DA" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[156,187,1870,1892]" captionTargetBox="[226,1361,206,1831]" captionTargetId="figure-69@11.[225,1362,205,1832]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 7. Microporina japonica Canu and Bassler, 1929, A, NMNS PA 16842 H; B, NMNS PA 16844; C, D, NMNS PA 16843 B: A, zooids with thin mural rim; B, zooids with greatly thickened lateral rim; C, D, zooids with immediately thickened lateral rim. Scale bars: 200µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4583657" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4583657/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="19">Figs 7</figureCitation>
|
||
A–D, 8A). Opesiules originally large, elliptical or rounded triangular, completely occluded by smooth calcification with vein-like sculpturing (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CACD2A614678FFC5FE2DF810FE69F81B" box="[441,501,1923,1947]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[156,187,1295,1317]" captionTargetBox="[226,1361,206,1255]" captionTargetId="figure-415@12.[225,1362,205,1256]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 8. Microporina japonica Canu and Bassler, 1929, A, B, NMNS PA 18153; C, NMNS PA 18152: A, orifice, opesiules, and avicularium; B, enlargement of opesiule in A; C, orifice and opesiules. Scale bars:50µm (A, C); 20µm (B)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4583661" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4583661/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="19">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
A–C). Orifice semielliptical, with proximal border straight or broadly concave. Oral spines lacking. Ovicells absent. Avicularium distal to orifice, oval in outline, longer than wide, directed proximally; rostrum triangular, with complete, M-shaped pivot bar, becoming round with increasing calcification and post-mortem abrasion (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CACD2A614678FFC5FC35F9EDFC7FF916" box="[929,995,1662,1686]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[156,187,1870,1892]" captionTargetBox="[226,1361,206,1831]" captionTargetId="figure-69@11.[225,1362,205,1832]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 7. Microporina japonica Canu and Bassler, 1929, A, NMNS PA 16842 H; B, NMNS PA 16844; C, D, NMNS PA 16843 B: A, zooids with thin mural rim; B, zooids with greatly thickened lateral rim; C, D, zooids with immediately thickened lateral rim. Scale bars: 200µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4583657" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4583657/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="19">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
A–D). Secondary calcificaion sometimes covering zooidal orifice or postmandibular part of avicularium with granulated layer.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="0689666C4678FFC5FF08FA7EFB90F99E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4583653" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4583653" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4583653/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="19" startId="10.[156,187,1517,1539]" targetBox="[188,1398,207,1477]" targetPageId="10">
|
||
<paragraph id="524936E44678FFC5FF08FA7EFB90F99E" blockId="10.[156,1431,1516,1567]" pageId="10" pageNumber="19">
|
||
Fig. 6.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F64D674678FFC5FF64FA7EFD0FF982" authority="Canu and Bassler, 1929" authorityName="Canu and Bassler, NMNS PA" authorityYear="1929" box="[240,659,1517,1539]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporidae" genus="Microporina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="19" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="japonica">
|
||
<emphasis id="6082EAF64678FFC5FF64FA7EFE2FF982" box="[240,435,1517,1538]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="19">Microporina japonica</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="36674B154678FFC5FE2EFA7EFD0FF982" author="Canu, F. & Bassler, R. S." box="[442,659,1517,1539]" pageId="10" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 685" refId="ref11740" refString="Canu, F. and Bassler, R. S. 1929. Bryozoa of the Philippine Region. U. S. National Museum Bulletin 100 (9): i-xi + 1 - 685." type="journal article" year="1929">Canu and Bassler, 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, A, NMNS PA 16842 A; B, NMNS PA 16842 F; C, NMNS PA 18152; D, NMNS PA 16844: A, B, small internodes; C, medium-sized internode; D, large internode. Scale bars: 200 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1AEC656F4678FFC4FCDAF973FC6BF85C" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="10" pageNumber="19" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="524936E44678FFC5FCDAF973FB33F87C" blockId="10.[820,1432,1630,2077]" pageId="10" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="6082EAF64678FFC5FCDAF973FC45F978" bold="true" box="[846,985,1760,1784]" pageId="10" pageNumber="19">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
The known distribution of this species is the Tsugaru Strait [“Sea of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2AE176744678FFC5FBE0F892FB30F899" box="[1140,1196,1793,1817]" name="Japan" pageId="10" pageNumber="19">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
” in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="36674B154678FFC5FB4AF892FCE5F8B9" author="Canu, F. & Bassler, R. S." pageId="10" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 685" refId="ref11740" refString="Canu, F. and Bassler, R. S. 1929. Bryozoa of the Philippine Region. U. S. National Museum Bulletin 100 (9): i-xi + 1 - 685." type="journal article" year="1929">Canu and Bassler (1929)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
] and the continental shelf east of the Boso Peninsula at depths of
|
||
<quantity id="950E9B014678FFC5FC26F8D2FBB6F8D9" box="[946,1066,1857,1881]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.035" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.57" pageId="10" pageNumber="19" unit="m" value="103.5" valueMax="150.0" valueMin="57.0">
|
||
57 to
|
||
<specimenCount id="44F0FD6D4678FFC5FC78F8D2FBB6F8D9" box="[1004,1066,1857,1881]" pageId="10" pageNumber="19" type="generic">150 m</specimenCount>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
. Because
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="36674B154678FFC5FB18F8D2FAB0F8D9" author="Sakakura, K." box="[1164,1324,1857,1881]" pageId="10" pageNumber="19" pagination="259 - 267" refId="ref13866" refString="Sakakura, K. 1936. On Microporina articulata (Fabricius), a cheilostomatous Bryozoa. Journal of Geology 43: 259 - 267. [In Japanese with English description]" type="journal article" year="1936">Sakakura (1936</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 15 (5), fig.1) illustrated
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F64D674678FFC5FC72F8F0FB4CF8FA" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1821" box="[998,1232,1890,1914]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporidae" genus="Microporina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="19" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="articulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="6082EAF64678FFC5FC72F8F0FB4CF8FA" box="[998,1232,1890,1914]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="19">Microporina articulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Tsugaru Strait as having only a semicircular orifice,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F64D674678FFC5FB7AF810FAFAF81A" authorityName="Canu and Bassler, NMNS PA" authorityYear="1929" box="[1262,1382,1923,1946]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporidae" genus="Microporina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="19" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="japonica">
|
||
<emphasis id="6082EAF64678FFC5FB7AF810FAFAF81A" box="[1262,1382,1923,1946]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="19">M. japonica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may overlap in distribution with that species. In fact,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F64D674678FFC5FA8BF837FCD4F85B" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1821" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporidae" genus="Microporina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="19" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="articulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="6082EAF64678FFC5FA8BF837FCD4F85B" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="19">M. articulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2AE176744678FFC5FC1DF857FC59F85B" box="[905,965,1988,2011]" name="South Korea" pageId="10" pageNumber="19">Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
also has a semicircular orifice with a straight proximal border (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="36674B154678FFC5FC73F877FB38F87C" author="Rho, B. J. & Seo, J. E." box="[999,1188,2020,2044]" pageId="10" pageNumber="19" pagination="145 - 160" refId="ref13651" refString="Rho, B. J. and Seo, J. E. 1990. A systematic study on the marine bryozoans in Korea. 7. Suborder Anasca. Korean Journal of Systematic Zoology 6: 145 - 160." type="journal article" year="1990">Rho and Seo 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="524936E44678FFC4FCDAF796FC6BF85C" blockId="10.[820,1432,1630,2077]" lastBlockId="11.[820,1432,1955,2077]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="10" pageNumber="19">
|
||
Among Japanese fossils recorded as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F64D674678FFC5FB4FF796FAF9F79D" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1821" box="[1243,1381,2053,2077]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporidae" genus="Microporina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="19" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="articulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="6082EAF64678FFC5FB4FF796FAF9F79D" box="[1243,1381,2053,2077]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="19">M. articulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the Pleistocene specimen from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="9032F8064679FFC4FE2CF830FD9DF83B" box="[440,513,1955,1979]" country="Japan" name="Niigata" pageId="11" pageNumber="20">Niigata</collectingRegion>
|
||
illustrated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="36674B154679FFC4FD03F830FF42F85C" author="Nishizawa, Y." pageId="11" pageNumber="20" pagination="175 - 196" refId="ref13345" refString="Nishizawa, Y. 1987. Cheilostomata (Bryozoa) from Sado. Publication of Sado Museum 9: 175 - 196. [In Japanese]" type="journal article" year="1987">Nishizawa (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
matches
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F64D674679FFC4FED6F857FE20F85B" authorityName="Canu and Bassler, NMNS PA" authorityYear="1929" box="[322,444,1988,2011]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporidae" genus="Microporina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="11" pageNumber="20" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="japonica">
|
||
<emphasis id="6082EAF64679FFC4FED6F857FE20F85B" box="[322,444,1988,2011]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="20">M. japonica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in all respects. Neogene specimens from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="9032F8064679FFC4FE87F877FEE4F87C" box="[275,376,2020,2044]" country="Japan" name="Hokkaido" pageId="11" pageNumber="20">Hokkaido</collectingRegion>
|
||
and the Noto Peninsula, described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="36674B154679FFC4FF08F796FEA4F79D" author="Hayami, T." box="[156,312,2053,2077]" pageId="11" pageNumber="20" pagination="316 - 336" refId="ref12246" refString="Hayami, T. 1970. Miocene Bryozoa from northwest Hokkaido, Japan. Transactions and Proceedings of the Palaeontological Society of Japan (New Series) 79: 316 - 336." type="journal article" year="1970">Hayami (1970)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="36674B154679FFC4FEE0F796FD54F79D" author="Nishizawa, Y. & Sakagami, S." box="[372,712,2053,2077]" pageId="11" pageNumber="20" pagination="78 - 95" refId="ref13438" refString="Nishizawa, Y. and Sakagami, S. 1986. Bryozoa. Pp. 78 - 95. In: Fuji, N. (Ed.) Paleontological Study of the Nanao Calcareous Sandstone in Noto. Board of Education, Nanao City, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan. [In Japanese]" type="book chapter" year="1986">Nishizawa and Sakagami (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, also have salient opesiules, but their other features need to be reexamined in detail.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="0689666C4679FFC4FF08F8DDFADAF800" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4583657" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4583657" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4583657/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="20" startId="11.[156,187,1870,1892]" targetBox="[226,1361,206,1831]" targetPageId="11">
|
||
<paragraph id="524936E44679FFC4FF08F8DDFADAF800" blockId="11.[156,1432,1870,1920]" pageId="11" pageNumber="20">
|
||
Fig. 7.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F64D674679FFC4FF64F8DCFD15F8E4" authority="Canu and Bassler, 1929" authorityName="Canu and Bassler, NMNS PA" authorityYear="1929" box="[240,649,1870,1892]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporidae" genus="Microporina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="11" pageNumber="20" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="japonica">
|
||
<emphasis id="6082EAF64679FFC4FF64F8DCFE2CF8E4" box="[240,432,1871,1892]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="20">Microporina japonica</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="36674B154679FFC4FE21F8DCFD15F8E4" author="Canu, F. & Bassler, R. S." box="[437,649,1870,1892]" pageId="11" pageNumber="20" pagination="1 - 685" refId="ref11740" refString="Canu, F. and Bassler, R. S. 1929. Bryozoa of the Philippine Region. U. S. National Museum Bulletin 100 (9): i-xi + 1 - 685." type="journal article" year="1929">Canu and Bassler, 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, A, NMNS PA 16842 H; B, NMNS PA 16844; C, D, NMNS PA 16843 B: A, zooids with thin mural rim; B, zooids with greatly thickened lateral rim; C, D, zooids with immediately thickened lateral rim. Scale bars: 200µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1AEC656F4679FFC2FCDAF877FD1EFEA0" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="11" pageNumber="20" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="524936E44679FFC3FCDAF877FDC8F8D9" blockId="11.[820,1432,1955,2077]" lastBlockId="12.[156,768,1402,2077]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="11" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="6082EAF64679FFC4FCDAF877FC2DF87C" bold="true" box="[846,945,2020,2044]" pageId="11" pageNumber="20">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F64D674679FFC4FC5FF876FB3AF87C" authorityName="Canu and Bassler, NMNS PA" authorityYear="1929" box="[971,1190,2021,2044]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporidae" genus="Microporina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="11" pageNumber="20" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="japonica">
|
||
<emphasis id="6082EAF64679FFC4FC5FF876FB3AF87C" box="[971,1190,2021,2044]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="20">Microporina japonica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shows large variations in the shape of the orifice, the proximal border of which can be nearly straight or broadly concave, and the opesiules are large.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="36674B15467EFFC3FEA4FA08FDB1FA33" author="Canu, F. & Bassler, R. S." box="[304,557,1435,1459]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 685" refId="ref11740" refString="Canu, F. and Bassler, R. S. 1929. Bryozoa of the Philippine Region. U. S. National Museum Bulletin 100 (9): i-xi + 1 - 685." type="journal article" year="1929">Canu and Bassler (1929)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
originally described this species from the Tsugaru Strait,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2AE17674467EFFC3FD89FA2FFDC4FA53" box="[541,600,1468,1491]" name="Japan" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, on the basis of its having smaller zooids than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F64D67467EFFC3FE72FA4FFD51FA74" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1821" box="[486,717,1500,1524]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporidae" genus="Microporina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="articulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="6082EAF6467EFFC3FE72FA4FFD51FA74" box="[486,717,1500,1524]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">Microporina articulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but did not mention any other differences between the two.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="36674B15467EFFC3FF08F98EFEDFF9B5" author="Sakakura, K." box="[156,323,1565,1589]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" pagination="259 - 267" refId="ref13866" refString="Sakakura, K. 1936. On Microporina articulata (Fabricius), a cheilostomatous Bryozoa. Journal of Geology 43: 259 - 267. [In Japanese with English description]" type="journal article" year="1936">Sakakura (1936)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
considered
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F64D67467EFFC3FE54F98EFDA5F9B4" authorityName="Canu and Bassler, NMNS PA" authorityYear="1929" box="[448,569,1565,1588]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporidae" genus="Microporina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="japonica">
|
||
<emphasis id="6082EAF6467EFFC3FE54F98EFDA5F9B4" box="[448,569,1565,1588]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">M. japonica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to be a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F64D67467EFFC3FF6BF9ADFE1AF9D5" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1821" box="[255,390,1597,1621]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporidae" genus="Microporina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="articulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="6082EAF6467EFFC3FF6BF9ADFE1AF9D5" box="[255,390,1597,1621]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">M. articulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, because zooidal size varies among Japanese specimens. In my study, maximum zooid length was
|
||
<quantity id="950E9B01467EFFC3FF5DF9EDFE83F916" box="[201,287,1662,1686]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.18" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" unit="mm" value="1.18">1.18 mm</quantity>
|
||
(NMNS PA 16842 D), which is within the size range of North American specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F64D67467EFFC3FDA0F933FD24F937" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1821" box="[564,696,1695,1719]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporidae" genus="Microporina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="articulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="6082EAF6467EFFC3FDA0F933FD24F937" box="[564,696,1695,1719]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">M. articulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, based on the figures of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="36674B15467EFFC3FEDCF92CFE69F957" author="Robertson, A." box="[328,501,1727,1751]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" pagination="235 - 322" refId="ref13692" refString="Robertson, A. 1905. Non-incrusting cheilostomatous Bryozoa of the west coast of North America. University of California Publications, Zoology 2: 235 - 322." type="journal article" year="1905">Robertson (1905</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. XIV, fig. 86) and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="36674B15467EFFC3FD5FF953FF65F978" author="Powell, N. A." pageId="12" pageNumber="21" pagination="2269 - 2320" refId="ref13577" refString="Powell, N. A. 1968. Bryozoa (Polyzoa) of Arctic Canada. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 25: 2269 - 2320." type="journal article" year="1968">Powell (1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. II, fig. c), and maximum width was
|
||
<quantity id="950E9B01467EFFC3FD3CF973FD62F977" box="[680,766,1760,1784]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" unit="mm" value="0.44">0.44 mm</quantity>
|
||
(NMNS PA 16843 C), which is larger than the width indicated for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F64D67467EFFC3FE97F8B1FE17F8B9" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1821" box="[259,395,1825,1849]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporidae" genus="Microporina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="articulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="6082EAF6467EFFC3FE97F8B1FE17F8B9" box="[259,395,1825,1849]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">M. articulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="36674B15467EFFC3FE2CF8B2FD16F8B9" author="Osburn, R. C." box="[440,650,1825,1849]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 270" refId="ref13545" refString="Osburn, R. C. 1950. Bryozoa of the Pacific Coast of America. Pt. 1. Cheilostomata-Anasca. Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions 14: 1 - 270." type="journal article" year="1950">Osburn (1950: 106)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="36674B15467EFFC3FD03F8B2FF42F8D9" author="Sakakura, K." pageId="12" pageNumber="21" pagination="259 - 267" refId="ref13866" refString="Sakakura, K. 1936. On Microporina articulata (Fabricius), a cheilostomatous Bryozoa. Journal of Geology 43: 259 - 267. [In Japanese with English description]" type="journal article" year="1936">Sakakura’s (1936)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
discussion was correct on this point.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="0689666C467EFFC3FF08FA9CFC54FAC1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4583661" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4583661" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4583661/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" startId="12.[156,187,1295,1317]" targetBox="[226,1361,206,1255]" targetPageId="12">
|
||
<paragraph id="524936E4467EFFC3FF08FA9CFC54FAC1" blockId="12.[156,1432,1295,1345]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">
|
||
Fig. 8.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F64D67467EFFC3FF64FA9CFD15FAA4" authority="Canu and Bassler, 1929" authorityName="Canu and Bassler, NMNS PA" authorityYear="1929" box="[240,649,1295,1317]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporidae" genus="Microporina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="japonica">
|
||
<emphasis id="6082EAF6467EFFC3FF64FA9CFE2CFAA4" box="[240,432,1295,1316]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">Microporina japonica</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="36674B15467EFFC3FE21FA9CFD15FAA4" author="Canu, F. & Bassler, R. S." box="[437,649,1295,1317]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 685" refId="ref11740" refString="Canu, F. and Bassler, R. S. 1929. Bryozoa of the Philippine Region. U. S. National Museum Bulletin 100 (9): i-xi + 1 - 685." type="journal article" year="1929">Canu and Bassler, 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, A, B, NMNS PA 18153; C, NMNS PA 18152: A, orifice, opesiules, and avicularium; B, enlargement of opesiule in A; C, orifice and opesiules. Scale bars: 50 µm (A, C); 20 µm (B).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="524936E4467EFFC3FF21F8F0FAD4F9F6" blockId="12.[156,768,1402,2077]" lastBlockId="12.[820,1432,1402,2077]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">
|
||
However,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F64D67467EFFC3FE8BF8F0FE3BF8FA" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1821" box="[287,423,1890,1914]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporidae" genus="Microporina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="articulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="6082EAF6467EFFC3FE8BF8F0FE3BF8FA" box="[287,423,1890,1914]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">M. articulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F64D67467EFFC3FDADF8F0FD29F8FA" authorityName="Canu and Bassler, NMNS PA" authorityYear="1929" box="[569,693,1891,1914]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporidae" genus="Microporina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="japonica">
|
||
<emphasis id="6082EAF6467EFFC3FDADF8F0FD29F8FA" box="[569,693,1891,1914]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">M. japonica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the shape of the orifice. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F64D67467EFFC3FE18F810FD8DF81B" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1821" box="[396,529,1923,1947]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporidae" genus="Microporina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="articulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="6082EAF6467EFFC3FE18F810FD8DF81B" box="[396,529,1923,1947]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">M. articulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
it is consistently semicircular, with a straight proximal border (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="36674B15467EFFC3FDD9F830FD21F83B" author="Busk, G." box="[589,701,1955,1979]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" pagination="320 - 324" refId="ref11717" refString="Busk, G. 1855. Zoophytology. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science 3: 253 - 256, 320 - 324." type="journal article" year="1855">Busk 1855</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="36674B15467EFFC3FD5DF830FF53F85C" author="Smitt, F. A." pageId="12" pageNumber="21" pagination="279 - 429" refId="ref14003" refString="Smitt, F. A. 1868. Kritisk forteckning ofver Skandinaviens Hafs-Bryozo- er. III. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Academiens Forhandlingar 24: 279 - 429." type="journal article" year="1868">Smitt 1868</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="36674B15467EFFC3FF4AF857FE1BF85B" author="Robertson, A." box="[222,391,1987,2012]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" pagination="235 - 322" refId="ref13692" refString="Robertson, A. 1905. Non-incrusting cheilostomatous Bryozoa of the west coast of North America. University of California Publications, Zoology 2: 235 - 322." type="journal article" year="1905">Robertson 1905</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="36674B15467EFFC3FE03F857FDBFF85B" author="Osburn, R. C." box="[407,547,1987,2012]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 270" refId="ref13545" refString="Osburn, R. C. 1950. Bryozoa of the Pacific Coast of America. Pt. 1. Cheilostomata-Anasca. Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions 14: 1 - 270." type="journal article" year="1950">Osburn 1950</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="36674B15467EFFC3FDA6F857FD31F85C" author="Kluge, G. A." box="[562,685,1988,2012]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" refId="ref12855" refString="Kluge, G. A. 1962. Bryozoa of the Northern Seas of the USSR. Opredeliteli po faune SSSR, Izdavaemye Zoologicheskim Institutom Academii Nauk SSSR 76. Izdatelistvo Akademii Nauk SSSR, Moskow, 584 pp. [In Russian]" type="book" year="1962">Kluge 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="36674B15467EFFC3FD28F857FF4DF87C" author="Powell, N. A." pageId="12" pageNumber="21" pagination="2269 - 2320" refId="ref13577" refString="Powell, N. A. 1968. Bryozoa (Polyzoa) of Arctic Canada. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 25: 2269 - 2320." type="journal article" year="1968">Powell 1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In my material, the orifice is semielliptical, with a proximal border ranging from straight to broadly concave. This variation is evident even within a single internode. Orifice size also varies in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F64D67467EFFC3FBD0FA08FB22FA32" authorityName="Canu and Bassler, NMNS PA" authorityYear="1929" box="[1092,1214,1435,1458]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporidae" genus="Microporina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="japonica">
|
||
<emphasis id="6082EAF6467EFFC3FBD0FA08FB22FA32" box="[1092,1214,1435,1458]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">M. japonica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but it is larger than in Alaskan specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F64D67467EFFC3FBD2FA2FFA08FA53" authority="(Robertson 1905)" baseAuthorityName="Robertson" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[1094,1428,1467,1491]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporidae" genus="Microporina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="articulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="6082EAF6467EFFC3FBD2FA2FFB53FA53" box="[1094,1231,1467,1491]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">M. articulata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="36674B15467EFFC3FB75FA28FA11FA53" author="Robertson, A." box="[1249,1421,1467,1491]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" pagination="235 - 322" refId="ref13692" refString="Robertson, A. 1905. Non-incrusting cheilostomatous Bryozoa of the west coast of North America. University of California Publications, Zoology 2: 235 - 322." type="journal article" year="1905">Robertson 1905</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="36674B15467EFFC3FCA0FA4FFC42FA73" author="Sakakura, K." box="[820,990,1499,1524]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" pagination="259 - 267" refId="ref13866" refString="Sakakura, K. 1936. On Microporina articulata (Fabricius), a cheilostomatous Bryozoa. Journal of Geology 43: 259 - 267. [In Japanese with English description]" type="journal article" year="1936">Sakakura (1936)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
likewise observed orifice variation in his material, but concluded it fell within the range of variation in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F64D67467EFFC3FCC1F98EFC42F9B5" baseAuthorityName="Robertson" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[853,990,1565,1589]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporidae" genus="Microporina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="articulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="6082EAF6467EFFC3FCC1F98EFC42F9B5" box="[853,990,1565,1589]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">M. articulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. His fossil material, however, appears to have included two or more distinct species having differently shaped internodes, zooids, orifices, and avicularia.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="524936E4467EFFC3FCDAF9ECFBB8F8B9" blockId="12.[820,1432,1402,2077]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F64D67467EFFC3FCDAF9ECFBB9F916" authorityName="Canu and Bassler, NMNS PA" authorityYear="1929" box="[846,1061,1663,1686]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporidae" genus="Microporina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="japonica">
|
||
<emphasis id="6082EAF6467EFFC3FCDAF9ECFBB9F916" box="[846,1061,1663,1686]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">Microporina japonica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has conspicuous cryptocystal opesiules, as illustrated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="36674B15467EFFC3FB98F90CFA9AF937" author="Canu, F. & Bassler, R. S." box="[1036,1286,1695,1719]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 685" refId="ref11740" refString="Canu, F. and Bassler, R. S. 1929. Bryozoa of the Philippine Region. U. S. National Museum Bulletin 100 (9): i-xi + 1 - 685." type="journal article" year="1929">Canu and Bassler (1929)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The opesiules are elliptical in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F64D67467EFFC3FC42F953FBD3F957" authorityName="Canu and Bassler, NMNS PA" authorityYear="1929" box="[982,1103,1728,1751]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporidae" genus="Microporina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="japonica">
|
||
<emphasis id="6082EAF6467EFFC3FC42F953FBD3F957" box="[982,1103,1728,1751]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">M. japonica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, compared to slit-like in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F64D67467EFFC3FAC2F953FCE3F978" baseAuthorityName="Robertson" baseAuthorityYear="1905" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporidae" genus="Microporina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="articulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="6082EAF6467EFFC3FAC2F953FCE3F978" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">M. articulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In my specimens, the layer occluding the opesiules has a vein-like structure, but whether this is diagnostic for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F64D67467EFFC3FCA0F8B1FC37F8B9" authorityName="Canu and Bassler, NMNS PA" authorityYear="1929" box="[820,939,1826,1849]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporidae" genus="Microporina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="japonica">
|
||
<emphasis id="6082EAF6467EFFC3FCA0F8B1FC37F8B9" box="[820,939,1826,1849]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">M. japonica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is not clear.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="524936E4467EFFC2FCDAF8D2FD1EFEA0" blockId="12.[820,1432,1402,2077]" lastBlockId="13.[156,767,198,288]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">
|
||
The avicularia in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F64D67467EFFC3FB93F8D1FB1EF8D9" authorityName="Canu and Bassler, NMNS PA" authorityYear="1929" box="[1031,1154,1858,1881]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporidae" genus="Microporina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="japonica">
|
||
<emphasis id="6082EAF6467EFFC3FB93F8D1FB1EF8D9" box="[1031,1154,1858,1881]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">M. japonica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are more or less elongate. The illustrations of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="36674B15467EFFC3FC6FF8F1FB6AF8FA" author="Canu, F. & Bassler, R. S." box="[1019,1270,1890,1914]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 685" refId="ref11740" refString="Canu, F. and Bassler, R. S. 1929. Bryozoa of the Philippine Region. U. S. National Museum Bulletin 100 (9): i-xi + 1 - 685." type="journal article" year="1929">Canu and Bassler (1929)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
show very long avicularia, with a maximum length/width ratio of about 1.6: 1; this ratio also reaches about 1.4:
|
||
<quantity id="950E9B01467EFFC3FB49F830FA95F83B" box="[1245,1289,1955,1979]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
|
||
my material. Some of the numerous specimens identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F64D67467EFFC3FA80F857FA0BF85B" baseAuthorityName="Robertson" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[1300,1431,1987,2011]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporidae" genus="Microporina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="articulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="6082EAF6467EFFC3FA80F857FA0BF85B" box="[1300,1431,1987,2011]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">M. articulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from northern seas also have elongate avicularia (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="36674B15467EFFC3FAB3F877FA08F87C" author="Busk, G." box="[1319,1428,2020,2044]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" pagination="320 - 324" refId="ref11717" refString="Busk, G. 1855. Zoophytology. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science 3: 253 - 256, 320 - 324." type="journal article" year="1855">Busk 1855</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="36674B15467EFFC3FCA0F796FC3BF79C" author="Smitt, F. A." box="[820,935,2052,2077]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" pagination="279 - 429" refId="ref14003" refString="Smitt, F. A. 1868. Kritisk forteckning ofver Skandinaviens Hafs-Bryozo- er. III. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Academiens Forhandlingar 24: 279 - 429." type="journal article" year="1868">Smitt 1868</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="36674B15467EFFC3FC27F796FBAFF79C" author="Powell, N. A." box="[947,1075,2052,2077]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" pagination="2269 - 2320" refId="ref13577" refString="Powell, N. A. 1968. Bryozoa (Polyzoa) of Arctic Canada. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 25: 2269 - 2320." type="journal article" year="1968">Powell 1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). At present, it is difficult to draw firm conclusions about the differences in avicularia among
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F64D67467FFFC2FF08FF7BFE84FF7F" authorityName="Levinsen" authorityYear="1909" box="[156,280,232,255]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporidae" genus="Microporina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="22" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6082EAF6467FFFC2FF08FF7BFE84FF7F" box="[156,280,232,255]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="22">Microporina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species, and a more precise comparison based on a larger number of samples will be necessary.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |