305 lines
39 KiB
XML
305 lines
39 KiB
XML
<document id="BFA6B34ED58B7F927FB3A69D774B7BCB" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3681.3.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a236f64e-47fc-4c32-9bc6-6ca207d80c64" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="216224" ID-ZooBank="BC02A8C4-66E3-41A9-8E21-4574DE16A20D" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460640013041" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Pape, Thomas, Ulefors, Sven-Olof & Disney, R. Henry L." docDate="2013" docId="DA1C87918A58D836E3BE11845806F820" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03681p256.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3681 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Abaristophora arctophila Schmitz 1927" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="253" masterDocId="2625FFE98A59D832E32914055A17FF9D" masterDocTitle="Palaearctic Abaristophora (Diptera: Phoridae): First female of A. arctophila Schmitz, 1927 and a new species from N. W. Russia" masterLastPageNumber="256" masterPageNumber="249" pageNumber="250" updateTime="1698335648849" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="237C8FA4C207F05130187C688CC14DE9">Palaearctic Abaristophora (Diptera: Phoridae): First female of A. arctophila Schmitz, 1927 and a new species from N. W. Russia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F6F6D146773E51D38A70D1680285A00F">Pape, Thomas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5A21362E03DD418E7E31C6C0282578AA">Ulefors, Sven-Olof</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C44D0299C86E27BACA52D56FBC7C4112">Disney, R. Henry L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="2B3E5FF79811888D7A90340269D90CA7">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="EE36AF8ED1115FF8A5F19BC813378B4A">3681</mods:number>
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<treatment id="DA1C87918A58D836E3BE11845806F820" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6163827" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119571100" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6163827" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DA1C87918A58D836E3BE11845806F820" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DA1C87918A58D836E3BE11845806F820" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="253" pageId="1" pageNumber="250">
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<subSubSection id="1AAF650C8A58D833E3BE11845B11FA21" pageId="1" pageNumber="250" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="520A36878A58D833E3BE1184586AFA07" blockId="1.[151,637,1408,1468]" box="[151,637,1408,1435]" pageId="1" pageNumber="250">
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<heading id="094281EB8A58D833E3BE1184586AFA07" bold="true" box="[151,637,1408,1435]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="250" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="95B54D048A58D833E3BE1184586AFA07" ID-CoL="63Z4J" authority="Schmitz, 1927" authorityName="Schmitz" authorityYear="1927" box="[151,637,1408,1435]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Abaristophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arctophila">
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<emphasis id="60C1EA958A58D833E3BE1184586AFA07" bold="true" box="[151,637,1408,1435]" pageId="1" pageNumber="250">
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<emphasis id="60C1EA958A58D833E3BE11845BDFFA06" bold="true" box="[151,456,1409,1435]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="250">Abaristophora arctophila</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="36244B768A58D833E2E61185586AFA07" author="Schmitz" box="[463,637,1408,1434]" pageId="1" pageNumber="250" refString="Schmitz, H. (1927) Revision der Phoridengattungen, mit Beschreibung neuer Gattungen und Arten. Natuurhistorisch Maandblad, 16, 30 - 40, 45 - 50, 59 - 68, 72 - 79, 92 - 100, 110 - 116, 128 - 132, 142 - 148, 164, 176." type="journal article" year="1927">Schmitz, 1927</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="520A36878A58D833E3BE11A15B11FA21" blockId="1.[151,637,1408,1468]" box="[151,262,1444,1468]" pageId="1" pageNumber="250">
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<figureCitation id="CA8E2A028A58D833E3BE11A15B11FA21" box="[151,262,1444,1468]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1 – 7" captionStart-1="FIGURES 8 – 13" captionStartId-0="2.[151,264,1690,1713]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,264,1922,1945]" captionTargetBox-0="[158,1427,195,1666]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,409,1899]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[151,1436,195,1666]" captionTargetId-1="figure@3.[151,1436,409,1901]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionText-0="FIGURES 1 – 7. Abaristophora arctophila, female. 1. Head, anterior view. 2. Head and thorax, lateral view. 3. Proboscis, distal part of prementum and labellum, dorsal view. 4. Labellum, apico-lateral view. 5. Right palp, medial face. 6. Sensillum and microtrichiae on palp. 7. Terminal abdominal segments, left view. Scale bars: 1, 2 = 100 μm; 3 – 5, 7 = 10 μm; 6 = 1 μm." captionText-1="FIGURES 8 – 13. Abaristophora arctophila, male. 8. Hypopygium, left view. 9. Hypopygium, right view. 10. Surface microsculpture laterally on hypopygium. 11. Hypopygium, posterior view. 12. Hypopygium, ventral view. 13. Surface microsculpture ventrally on base of penis complex. Scale bars: 8, 9 = 100 μm; 10 = 1 μm; 11, 12 = 300 μm." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/216225/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/216226/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="250">Figs 1–13</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1AAF650C8A58D833E3BE11EE5ED8F812" pageId="1" pageNumber="250" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="520A36878A58D833E3BE11EE5B10F9F2" blockId="1.[151,1436,1515,1972]" pageId="1" pageNumber="250">
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<emphasis id="60C1EA958A58D833E3BE11EE5B94F999" bold="true" box="[151,387,1515,1540]" pageId="1" pageNumber="250">Material examined:</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="8D0E88258A58D833E2A211E9583CF999" box="[395,555,1516,1540]" pageId="1" pageNumber="250" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
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3, herewith designated,
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<emphasis id="60C1EA958A58D833E06E11EE59B9F999" bold="true" box="[839,942,1515,1540]" pageId="1" pageNumber="250">
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<collectingCountry id="2AA276178A58D833E06E11EE59B9F999" box="[839,942,1515,1540]" name="Russia" pageId="1" pageNumber="250">RUSSIA</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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: “Kamtschatka: / Jawino. /
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<date id="260B10478A58D833E7C111E95F7AF999" box="[1256,1389,1516,1540]" pageId="1" pageNumber="250" value="1917-08-07">7.VIII.1917</date>
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/ Y. Wuorentaus ” [
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<collectionCode id="34A4AE428A58D833E21412155B80F9BA" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" box="[317,407,1552,1575]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="1" pageNumber="250">FMNH</collectionCode>
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]. Condition poor, without head, wings, and legs, but fully identifiable. “Anaristophora [sic] /
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<taxonomicName id="95B54D048A58D833E3BE12315B10F9D1" box="[151,263,1588,1612]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Abaristophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arctophila">arctophila</taxonomicName>
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/ Schmitz 3 / n.g. n.sp. /
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<typeStatus id="8D0E88258A58D833E1131231588FF9D1" box="[570,664,1588,1612]" pageId="1" pageNumber="250" type="syntype">Syntype</typeStatus>
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” “Mus. Zool. H:fors / Spec. typ. 4718 / Anaristophora /
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<taxonomicName id="95B54D048A58D833E60212315AEEF9F2" authority="Schmitz" authorityName="Schmitz" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Abaristophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arctophila">arctophila Schmitz</taxonomicName>
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”.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="520A36878A58D833E3EE12795BCFF962" blockId="1.[151,1436,1515,1972]" pageId="1" pageNumber="250">
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<typeStatus id="8D0E88258A58D833E3EE12795B48F909" box="[199,351,1660,1684]" pageId="1" pageNumber="250" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
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3,
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<collectingCountry id="2AA276178A58D833E2B4127E5813F909" box="[413,516,1659,1684]" name="Russia" pageId="1" pageNumber="250">
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<emphasis id="60C1EA958A58D833E2B4127E5813F909" bold="true" box="[413,516,1659,1684]" pageId="1" pageNumber="250">RUSSIA</emphasis>
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</collectingCountry>
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, “Kamtschatka: / Jawino. /
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<date id="260B10478A58D833E044127959E5F909" box="[877,1010,1660,1684]" pageId="1" pageNumber="250" value="1917-08-07">7.VIII.1917</date>
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/ Y. Wuorentaus.” Further labels: “Anaristophora [sic] /
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<taxonomicName id="95B54D048A58D833E2BE129A5810F92A" box="[407,519,1695,1719]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Abaristophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arctophila">arctophila</taxonomicName>
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/ n.g. n.sp. / Schmitz /
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<typeStatus id="8D0E88258A58D833E03C129A5964F92A" box="[789,883,1695,1719]" pageId="1" pageNumber="250" type="syntype">Syntype</typeStatus>
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” and “Rest im 1 mikr.Präp.” Head and fore legs glued to a piece of cardboard on a pin, remaining parts mounted on a slide labelled “
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<taxonomicName id="95B54D048A58D833E77C12C15EEFF941" box="[1109,1272,1732,1756]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Abaristophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Abaristophora</taxonomicName>
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/ s.str. arcto- / phila Schmitz / 3” [
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<collectionCode id="34A4AE428A58D833E25F12ED5BDAF962" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" box="[374,461,1768,1791]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" name="Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig" pageId="1" pageNumber="250">ZFMK</collectionCode>
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].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="520A36878A58D833E3EE130E5ED8F812" blockId="1.[151,1436,1515,1972]" pageId="1" pageNumber="250">
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<emphasis id="60C1EA958A58D833E3EE130E5BA8F8B9" bold="true" box="[199,447,1803,1828]" pageId="1" pageNumber="250">Additional material:</emphasis>
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2 Ƥ 50 3
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<collectingCountry id="2AA276178A58D833E16F130E58A8F8B9" box="[582,703,1803,1828]" name="Sweden" pageId="1" pageNumber="250">
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<emphasis id="60C1EA958A58D833E16F130E58A8F8B9" bold="true" box="[582,703,1803,1828]" pageId="1" pageNumber="250">SWEDEN</emphasis>
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</collectingCountry>
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: Västerbotten, Vindelns Kommun, Kulbäckslidens försökspark, bog edge at Degerö Stormyr (Trap ID 59,
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<geoCoordinate id="378150408A58D833E15E132A5903F8DA" box="[631,788,1839,1863]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="250" precision="1" value="64.18165">N64° 10.899’</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="378150408A58D833E009132A59ADF8DA" box="[800,954,1839,1863]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="250" precision="1" value="19.559134">E19° 33.548’</geoCoordinate>
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),
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<date id="260B10478A58D833E0E6132A5EBAF8DA" box="[975,1197,1839,1863]" pageId="1" pageNumber="250" value="2003-08-01" valueMax="2003-08-18" valueMin="2003-08-01">01.viii–18.viii.2003</date>
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(coll. event ID 211), Swedish Malaise Trap Project, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm. [1 Ƥ 1 3 coated with goldplatinum and mounted on a SEM stub, deposited in
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<collectionCode id="34A4AE428A58D833E1F513725927F812" box="[732,816,1911,1935]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mci8-ehqk" name="Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen" pageId="1" pageNumber="250">ZMUC</collectionCode>
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, other material deposited in
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<collectionCode id="34A4AE428A58D833E74413725ED3F812" box="[1133,1220,1911,1935]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8z6v-f8is" name="Saskatchewan Museum of Natural History" pageId="1" pageNumber="250">SMNH</collectionCode>
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.]
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1AAF650C8A58D836E3EE139E580FFD4C" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="253" pageId="1" pageNumber="250" type="description">
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<paragraph id="520A36878A58D833E3EE139E5902F829" blockId="1.[151,1436,1515,1972]" box="[199,789,1947,1972]" pageId="1" pageNumber="250">
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<emphasis id="60C1EA958A58D833E3EE139E5B8BF829" bold="true" box="[199,412,1947,1972]" pageId="1" pageNumber="250">Description. Male</emphasis>
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, see
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<bibRefCitation id="36244B768A58D833E2FC1399586CF829" author="Schmitz" box="[469,635,1948,1972]" pageId="1" pageNumber="250" refString="Schmitz, H. (1927) Revision der Phoridengattungen, mit Beschreibung neuer Gattungen und Arten. Natuurhistorisch Maandblad, 16, 30 - 40, 45 - 50, 59 - 68, 72 - 79, 92 - 100, 110 - 116, 128 - 132, 142 - 148, 164, 176." type="journal article" year="1927">Schmitz (1927</bibRefCitation>
|
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,
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||
<bibRefCitation id="36244B768A58D833E1AE139958D5F829" author="Schmitz" box="[647,706,1948,1972]" pageId="1" pageNumber="250" refString="Schmitz, H. (1929) Revision der Phoriden nach forschungsgeschichtlichen und nomenklatorischen, systematischen und anatomischen biologischen und faunistischen Gesichtspunkten. Ferdinand Dummlers Verlag, Berlin, 212 pp + Tafel I, II." type="book" year="1929">1929</bibRefCitation>
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,
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||
<bibRefCitation id="36244B768A58D833E1E41399591EF829" author="Schmitz" box="[717,777,1948,1972]" pageId="1" pageNumber="250" refString="Schmitz, H. (1951) Phoridae. In: Lindner, E. (Ed.), Die Fliegen der palaearktischen Region. E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart, 4 (33) (Lieferung 165), pp. 241 - 272." type="journal article" year="1951">1951</bibRefCitation>
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||
).
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||
</paragraph>
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<caption id="06CA660F8A5BD830E3BE129F5F44F971" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216225/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="251" targetBox="[158,1427,195,1666]" targetPageId="2">
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<paragraph id="520A36878A5BD830E3BE129F5F44F971" blockId="2.[151,1436,1690,1774]" pageId="2" pageNumber="251">
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||
<emphasis id="60C1EA958A5BD830E3BE129F5B2DF92D" bold="true" box="[151,314,1690,1713]" pageId="2" pageNumber="251">FIGURES 1–7.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="95B54D048A5BD830E269129F5855F92D" box="[320,578,1690,1712]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Abaristophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="251" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arctophila">
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||
<emphasis id="60C1EA958A5BD830E269129F5855F92D" box="[320,578,1690,1712]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="251">Abaristophora arctophila</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, female. 1. Head, anterior view. 2. Head and thorax, lateral view. 3. Proboscis, distal part of prementum and labellum, dorsal view. 4. Labellum, apico-lateral view. 5. Right palp, medial face. 6. Sensillum and microtrichiae on palp. 7. Terminal abdominal segments, left view. Scale bars: 1, 2 = 100 μm; 3–5, 7 = 10 μm; 6 = 1 μm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="520A36878A5BD831E3EE13105F22FEF9" blockId="2.[151,1436,1813,2018]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,357]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="252" pageId="2" pageNumber="251">
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<emphasis id="60C1EA958A5BD830E3EE13105B09F8B0" bold="true" box="[199,286,1813,1837]" pageId="2" pageNumber="251">Female</emphasis>
|
||
. Frons brown, triangular, slightly longer than broad and protruding between antennae, equipped with numerous strong hairs. The pre-ocellar bristles are slightly further apart than the antials and situated lower on the frons than the mediolaterals. The anterolaterals are much higher on the frons than the antials and not particularly close to the eye margins. Antials are low on the frons, and a line between the antial socket and the base of the palp is in front of the antennal insertion. Postpedicel brown, without apparent subcutaneous pit sensilla. Palp light brown at base grading into straw yellowish at tip, about 4–5 times as long as greatest breadth (viewed from above), with 6 bristles and 4 times as many hairs. Proboscis light brown and very elongate, almost as long as combined length of thorax plus abdomen. Labella straw yellow with only a few small spinules in addition to the 8 hairs. Thorax brown with 3 bristles on notopleuron, the most anterior being the strongest. Scutellum with an anterior pair of hairs and a posterior pair of bristles. Mesopleuron with 9–10 hairs close behind the anterior spiracle. Abdomen with brown tergites and light brown venter. The hairs of the tergites short and sparse and found mainly in the posterior half and in particular on or near posterior margin, with hairs of T6 stronger and more numerous.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="06CA660F8A5AD831E3BE13875EC0F84E" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216226/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="252" targetBox="[151,1436,409,1899]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="520A36878A5AD831E3BE13875EC0F84E" blockId="3.[151,1436,1922,2005]" pageId="3" pageNumber="252">
|
||
<emphasis id="60C1EA958A5AD831E3BE13875B59F805" bold="true" box="[151,334,1922,1945]" pageId="3" pageNumber="252">FIGURES 8–13.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95B54D048A5AD831E27213875873F805" box="[347,612,1922,1944]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Abaristophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="252" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arctophila">
|
||
<emphasis id="60C1EA958A5AD831E27213875873F805" box="[347,612,1922,1944]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="252">Abaristophora arctophila</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male. 8. Hypopygium, left view. 9. Hypopygium, right view. 10. Surface microsculpture laterally on hypopygium. 11. Hypopygium, posterior view. 12. Hypopygium, ventral view. 13. Surface microsculpture ventrally on base of penis complex. Scale bars: 8, 9 = 100 μm; 10 = 1 μm; 11, 12 = 300 μm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="520A36878A5DD836E3EE149D580FFD4C" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1981]" pageId="4" pageNumber="253">
|
||
Legs mainly brown except for light brown or straw yellow fore tibiae and all tarsi. Fore tibia with 17–18 anterodorsal small spines of about equal length, proximal larger and set in a proportionally larger socket, and numerous similar anteroventral spines. Fore tarsus with a posterior hair palisade on segments 1–3 and an anterodorsal palisade on segment 1, segment 5 a little longer than 4. Mid tibia with a near dorsal hair palisade extending 0.8 time its length, with an anterior bristle just before end of first quarter and a posterodorsal bristle just above this, with 4 hair combs on the anterior face of last third and apically with an anterior and a posteroventral bristle, the latter twice as long as the former. Mid tarsus with anterodorsal, anteroventral, posterodorsal and posteroventral hair palisades on segments 1–2, and segment 5 as long as 4.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2AA276178A5DD836E0CB15915E0DFE31" box="[994,1050,404,428]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="253">Hind</collectingCountry>
|
||
tibia with a dorsal hair palisade in full length, with a small anterodorsal bristle just beyond end of first quarter, 1 small anterodorsal pre-apical bristle, and a long and a short spur.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2AA276178A5DD836E2FA15D9581CFE69" box="[467,523,476,500]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="253">Hind</collectingCountry>
|
||
tarsus with a posterodorsal hair palisade on segments 1–3. Wing vein 3 with 2–3 small hairs at base, and with 4 axillary bristles. Costa expands in distal half so become about as wide as the slightly expanded tip of vein 3. Thick veins light brown. Sc very pale and fading away before encountering vein 3. Veins 4– 6 very pale and 7 not evident. Vein 4 has its pale base is sharply curved anteriorly so that it meets vein 3 at about 90o. Vein 5 is almost straight. Vein 6 starts off divergent and straight before curving apically to be about parallel with vein 5 before curving away to meet the wing margin at about 90o. Membrane almost colourless. Haltere with brown stem and dark brown knob.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1AAF650C8A5DD836E3EE16D8599BFD68" box="[199,908,733,758]" pageId="4" pageNumber="253" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="520A36878A5DD836E3EE16D8599BFD68" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1981]" box="[199,908,733,758]" pageId="4" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<emphasis id="60C1EA958A5DD836E3EE16D85B77FD6B" bold="true" box="[199,352,733,758]" pageId="4" pageNumber="253">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Palaearctic (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2AA276178A5DD836E2D816D8585EFD68" box="[497,585,733,757]" name="Estonia" pageId="4" pageNumber="253">Estonia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2AA276178A5DD836E17D16D85888FD68" box="[596,671,733,757]" name="Russia" pageId="4" pageNumber="253">Russia</collectingCountry>
|
||
[Far East],
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2AA276178A5DD836E00A16D85996FD68" box="[803,897,733,757]" name="Sweden" pageId="4" pageNumber="253">Sweden</collectingCountry>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1AAF650C8A5DD836E3EE17075806F820" pageId="4" pageNumber="253" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="520A36878A5DD836E3EE1707588BFB88" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1981]" pageId="4" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<emphasis id="60C1EA958A5DD836E3EE17075B2CFC87" bold="true" box="[199,315,770,794]" pageId="4" pageNumber="253">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95B54D048A5DD836E26D17045873FC84" box="[324,612,769,793]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Abaristophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arctophila">
|
||
<emphasis id="60C1EA958A5DD836E26D17045873FC84" box="[324,612,769,793]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="253">Abaristophora arctophila</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is morphologically very similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95B54D048A5DD836E0D217045EA4FC84" box="[1019,1203,769,793]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Abaristophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sachalinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="60C1EA958A5DD836E0D217045EA4FC84" box="[1019,1203,769,793]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="253">A. sachalinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as interpreted from the detailed and well-illustrated redescription of the latter by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="36244B768A5DD836E06817205E6EFCA0" author="Nakayama" box="[833,1145,805,829]" pageId="4" pageNumber="253" refString="Nakayama, H. & Shima, H. (2006) Abaristophora sachalinensis Michailovskaya (Diptera: Phoridae) representing genitalic affinities with the genus Borophaga Enderlein. Entomological Science, 9, 313 - 318." type="journal article" year="2006">Nakayama & Shima (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. These authors mentioned that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95B54D048A5DD836E3E0174C5B97FCFC" box="[201,384,841,865]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Abaristophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sachalinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="60C1EA958A5DD836E3E0174C5B97FCFC" box="[201,384,841,865]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="253">A. sachalinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distinguished from other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95B54D048A5DD836E011174C59CCFCFC" box="[824,987,841,865]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Abaristophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="60C1EA958A5DD836E011174C59CCFCFC" box="[824,987,841,865]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="253">Abaristophora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="60C1EA958A5DD836E0C4174F5E37FCFC" box="[1005,1056,842,865]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="253">s.str.</emphasis>
|
||
) by the absence of a tibial bristle on the fore tibia. Male hypopygium of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95B54D048A5DD836E161176B5970FC1B" box="[584,871,878,902]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Abaristophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arctophila">
|
||
<emphasis id="60C1EA958A5DD836E161176B5970FC1B" box="[584,871,878,902]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="253">Abaristophora arctophila</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95B54D048A5DD836E761176B5EE9FC1B" box="[1096,1278,878,902]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Abaristophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sachalinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="60C1EA958A5DD836E761176B5EE9FC1B" box="[1096,1278,878,902]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="253">A. sachalinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by presenting a slightly narrower (or more saddle-shaped) epandrium in strict, right, lateral view and having the anterior basal plate of the phallus apically truncated and with a short, posteriorly directed process.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95B54D048A5DD836E77017B35F8BFC53" box="[1113,1436,950,974]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Abaristophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sachalinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="60C1EA958A5DD836E77017B35F8BFC53" box="[1113,1436,950,974]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="253">Abaristophora sachalinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has the anterior basal plate rounded apically and without any posterior process (compare
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA8E2A028A5DD836E78817DC5F77FC6C" box="[1185,1376,985,1009]" captionStart="FIGURES 8 – 13" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1922,1945]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,409,1899]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,409,1901]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 8 – 13. Abaristophora arctophila, male. 8. Hypopygium, left view. 9. Hypopygium, right view. 10. Surface microsculpture laterally on hypopygium. 11. Hypopygium, posterior view. 12. Hypopygium, ventral view. 13. Surface microsculpture ventrally on base of penis complex. Scale bars: 8, 9 = 100 μm; 10 = 1 μm; 11, 12 = 300 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216226/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="253">Figs 8, 9, 11, 12</figureCitation>
|
||
with relevant figures in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="36244B768A5DD836E24017F85886FB88" author="Nakayama" box="[361,657,1021,1045]" pageId="4" pageNumber="253" refString="Nakayama, H. & Shima, H. (2006) Abaristophora sachalinensis Michailovskaya (Diptera: Phoridae) representing genitalic affinities with the genus Borophaga Enderlein. Entomological Science, 9, 313 - 318." type="journal article" year="2006">Nakayama & Shima 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="520A36878A5DD836E3EE1024596DFB38" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1981]" pageId="4" pageNumber="253">
|
||
Both the male and the female from the series of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95B54D048A5DD836E1DD10245E03FBA4" box="[756,1044,1057,1081]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Abaristophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arctophila">
|
||
<emphasis id="60C1EA958A5DD836E1DD10245E03FBA4" box="[756,1044,1057,1081]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="253">Abaristophora arctophila</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2AA276178A5DD836E77510245EA3FBA4" box="[1116,1204,1057,1081]" name="Sweden" pageId="4" pageNumber="253">Sweden</collectingCountry>
|
||
that were examined under the SEM had several pollen grains of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95B54D048A5DD836E1A110425917FBC3" box="[648,768,1095,1118]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Hieracium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="253" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="60C1EA958A5DD836E1A110425917FBC3" box="[648,768,1095,1118]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="253">Hieracium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. sticking to the microtrichiae (e.g., on the palps,
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA8E2A028A5DD836E66310405F99FBC0" box="[1354,1422,1093,1117]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 7" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1690,1713]" captionTargetBox="[158,1427,195,1666]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,195,1666]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 7. Abaristophora arctophila, female. 1. Head, anterior view. 2. Head and thorax, lateral view. 3. Proboscis, distal part of prementum and labellum, dorsal view. 4. Labellum, apico-lateral view. 5. Right palp, medial face. 6. Sensillum and microtrichiae on palp. 7. Terminal abdominal segments, left view. Scale bars: 1, 2 = 100 μm; 3 – 5, 7 = 10 μm; 6 = 1 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216225/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="253">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
), thus indicating that the species is visiting the inflorescences of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95B54D048A5DD836E09A106F5E25FB1F" box="[947,1074,1130,1154]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="253" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The biology of members of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95B54D048A5DD836E3BE108B5B2CFB3B" box="[151,315,1166,1190]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Abaristophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="60C1EA958A5DD836E3BE108B5B2CFB3B" box="[151,315,1166,1190]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="253">Abaristophora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is otherwise unknown (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="36244B768A5DD836E16C10885979FB38" author="Nakayama" box="[581,878,1165,1189]" pageId="4" pageNumber="253" refString="Nakayama, H. & Shima, H. (2006) Abaristophora sachalinensis Michailovskaya (Diptera: Phoridae) representing genitalic affinities with the genus Borophaga Enderlein. Entomological Science, 9, 313 - 318." type="journal article" year="2006">Nakayama & Shima 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="520A36878A5DD836E3EE10B459D6F900" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1981]" pageId="4" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<emphasis id="60C1EA958A5DD836E3EE10B45887FB57" bold="true" box="[199,656,1201,1226]" pageId="4" pageNumber="253">
|
||
Discussion and
|
||
<typeStatus id="8D0E88258A5DD836E2A010B75BE3FB57" box="[393,500,1202,1226]" pageId="4" pageNumber="253" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
designation.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95B54D048A5DD836E1B210B459A9FB54" box="[667,958,1201,1225]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Abaristophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arctophila">
|
||
<emphasis id="60C1EA958A5DD836E1B210B459A9FB54" box="[667,958,1201,1225]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="253">Abaristophora arctophila</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described from two males, none of which was designated as
|
||
<typeStatus id="8D0E88258A5DD836E29C10D05800FB70" box="[437,535,1237,1261]" pageId="4" pageNumber="253" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="36244B768A5DD836E10F10D058D0FB70" author="Schmitz" box="[550,711,1237,1261]" pageId="4" pageNumber="253" refString="Schmitz, H. (1927) Revision der Phoridengattungen, mit Beschreibung neuer Gattungen und Arten. Natuurhistorisch Maandblad, 16, 30 - 40, 45 - 50, 59 - 68, 72 - 79, 92 - 100, 110 - 116, 128 - 132, 142 - 148, 164, 176." type="journal article" year="1927">Schmitz 1927</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The species was later redescribed twice (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="36244B768A5DD836E78110D05F5FFB70" author="Schmitz" box="[1192,1352,1237,1261]" pageId="4" pageNumber="253" refString="Schmitz, H. (1929) Revision der Phoriden nach forschungsgeschichtlichen und nomenklatorischen, systematischen und anatomischen biologischen und faunistischen Gesichtspunkten. Ferdinand Dummlers Verlag, Berlin, 212 pp + Tafel I, II." type="book" year="1929">Schmitz 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="36244B768A5DD836E67A10D05F99FB70" author="Schmitz" box="[1363,1422,1237,1261]" pageId="4" pageNumber="253" refString="Schmitz, H. (1951) Phoridae. In: Lindner, E. (Ed.), Die Fliegen der palaearktischen Region. E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart, 4 (33) (Lieferung 165), pp. 241 - 272." type="journal article" year="1951">1951</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and in both cases Schmitz explicitly referred to the “
|
||
<typeStatus id="8D0E88258A5DD836E1D810FC594CFA8C" box="[753,859,1273,1297]" pageId="4" pageNumber="253" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
in Mus. Helsingfors”. While it seems evident that Schmitz had a preference for the specimen in FMNH to be name-bearing, none of his works fulfil the requirement for an explicit selection given by ICZN Article 74.5, which states: “When the original work reveals that the taxon had been based on more than one specimen, a subsequent use of the term "
|
||
<typeStatus id="8D0E88258A5DD836E0DF11605E49FAE0" box="[1014,1118,1381,1405]" pageId="4" pageNumber="253" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
" does not constitute a valid
|
||
<typeStatus id="8D0E88258A5DD836E3BE118C5AE9FA3C" box="[151,254,1417,1441]" pageId="4" pageNumber="253" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
designation unless the author, when wrongly using that term, explicitly indicated that he or she was selecting from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="8D0E88258A5DD836E24511AB5B8BFA5B" box="[364,412,1454,1478]" pageId="4" pageNumber="253">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series that particular specimen to serve as the name-bearing
|
||
<typeStatus id="8D0E88258A5DD836E77811A85E91FA58" box="[1105,1158,1453,1477]" pageId="4" pageNumber="253">type</typeStatus>
|
||
”. Schmitz’ (1929, 1951) use of the word “
|
||
<typeStatus id="8D0E88258A5DD836E27211D45BDFFA74" box="[347,456,1489,1513]" pageId="4" pageNumber="253" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
” is not in itself a formal
|
||
<typeStatus id="8D0E88258A5DD836E1CE11D4595AFA74" box="[743,845,1489,1513]" pageId="4" pageNumber="253" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
designation, and there is nothing to indicate that he made a selection among the two
|
||
<typeStatus id="8D0E88258A5DD836E12511F35865F993" box="[524,626,1526,1550]" pageId="4" pageNumber="253" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
. While the apparent conspecificity of the two specimens of the original
|
||
<typeStatus id="8D0E88258A5DD836E3BE121F5AD0F9AF" box="[151,199,1562,1586]" pageId="4" pageNumber="253">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series may arguably make a
|
||
<typeStatus id="8D0E88258A5DD836E134121C5893F9AC" box="[541,644,1561,1585]" pageId="4" pageNumber="253" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
designation redundant from a taxonomic point of view, we consider Schmitz’ (1929) reference to the FMNH specimen as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="8D0E88258A5DD836E06F123859BFF9C8" box="[838,936,1597,1621]" pageId="4" pageNumber="253" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
justification for a formal selection of this specimen to be the name-bearing specimen and therefore to serve as a recognized standard of reference for any future nomenclatural issues relating to the identity of the nominal taxon.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="520A36878A5DD836E3EE12AC5806F820" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1981]" pageId="4" pageNumber="253">
|
||
The head, wings and legs of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="8D0E88258A5DD836E11912AC5880F95C" box="[560,663,1705,1729]" pageId="4" pageNumber="253" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
most probably were removed to be mounted separately, but no slides were recovered neither in Helsinki nor in the Schmitz collection at the Museum Koenig in Bonn,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2AA276178A5DD836E7D812C85F4CF978" box="[1265,1371,1741,1765]" name="Germany" pageId="4" pageNumber="253">Germany</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Still, the abdomen remains fully intact and with the hypopygium sufficiently exposed to allow a detailed study, here confirming the conspecificity of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="8D0E88258A5DD836E10613105882F8B0" box="[559,661,1813,1837]" pageId="4" pageNumber="253" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and the additional specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2AA276178A5DD836E70C13105E96F8B0" box="[1061,1153,1813,1837]" name="Sweden" pageId="4" pageNumber="253">Sweden</collectingCountry>
|
||
. No attempt was made to retrieve and study the strongly damaged Estonian specimen as the absence of a hypopygium would prevent a conclusive identification. The wing venation of the Estonian specimen (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="36244B768A5DD836E09313585EA6F8E8" author="Schmitz" box="[954,1201,1885,1909]" pageId="4" pageNumber="253" refString="Schmitz, H. (1951) Phoridae. In: Lindner, E. (Ed.), Die Fliegen der palaearktischen Region. E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart, 4 (33) (Lieferung 165), pp. 241 - 272." type="journal article" year="1951">Schmitz 1951, fig. 77</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), however, leaves no doubt that it belongs to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95B54D048A5DD836E29F1384584EF804" box="[438,601,1921,1945]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Abaristophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="60C1EA958A5DD836E29F1384584EF804" box="[438,601,1921,1945]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="253">Abaristophora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="60C1EA958A5DD836E147138758B5F804" box="[622,674,1922,1945]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="253">s.str.</emphasis>
|
||
), and we consider an assignment to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95B54D048A5DD836E77113845EF9F804" box="[1112,1262,1921,1945]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Abaristophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arctophila">
|
||
<emphasis id="60C1EA958A5DD836E77113845EF9F804" box="[1112,1262,1921,1945]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="253">A. arctophila</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to be the best corroborated working hypothesis.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |