664 lines
88 KiB
XML
664 lines
88 KiB
XML
<document id="984CDFF06AEF6366D293BF06E1450F6D" ID-CLB-Dataset="26307" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4625.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="24213782-d4ec-4a95-9ca4-be0a424b06f9" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3268175" ID-ZooBank="D08DD464-F1AD-4253-888C-65A2A293F517" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1562214958850" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Williams, Paul H., Berezin, Mikhail V., Cannings, Sydney G., Cederberg, Björn, Ødegaard, Frode, Rasmussen, Claus, Richardson, Leif L., Rykken, Jessica, Sheffield, Cory S., Thanoosing, Chawatat & Byvaltsev, Alexandr M." docDate="2019" docId="AC4D691FFF855E24FF685A8876EBFA8C" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4625.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4625 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Bombus kirbiellus Curtis" docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="37" masterDocId="50741167FFA45E00FFFF5E6D753EFF83" masterDocTitle="The arctic and alpine bumblebees of the subgenus Alpinobombus revised from integrative assessment of species’ gene coalescents and morphology (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Bombus)" masterLastPageNumber="68" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="34" updateTime="1698738039427" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="041ADA33B0200976CDAD7C571383B51C">The arctic and alpine bumblebees of the subgenus Alpinobombus revised from integrative assessment of species’ gene coalescents and morphology (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Bombus)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="DA4B8759B1ECB094A9DCFC9A280D6265">Williams, Paul H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A43924DB0F3413B00DB979FB21446DBF">Berezin, Mikhail V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7E55A29EFDFB905490E4041FA45BE59B">Cannings, Sydney G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="84568A90B0838D361B0879A1E9B5E5C7">Cederberg, Björn</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="28E3100BEE019D62CC1BEB97E73A7BC6">Ødegaard, Frode</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="AA417836905E2471D1B3EA13AFB61C1E">Rasmussen, Claus</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="23F75B6766EAFBBAA94739A3873028AB">Richardson, Leif L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="BD7D3F85FE1B98854F7E71D42C4207F0">Rykken, Jessica</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="75E40B69CC453339DC7504B6D67A4D6B">Sheffield, Cory S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0C81D34443556F920D0F2F5C69AC72E6">Thanoosing, Chawatat</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="86957DFC478905D33938535D5E51A2CA">Byvaltsev, Alexandr M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="D1F8C3908B2CECF437363959DEDF136E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="977E12811103C6615207ECA24E02FA1E">
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<mods:date id="14B6FB17A56252FAD6DC3D30ED8CF406">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="04C3047B4F5085DBABEDBC789A25736C">2019-07-03</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="CF876846755AC934F3D0D32ABA1CE110" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="46808FAE53B98720057E5778E987E06D">4625</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="0B3F3FF66E9C6C4172F54781F2E21614">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="A32C0ECFB0C0090E2D6160103DA88903" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4625.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="AC4D691FFF855E24FF685A8876EBFA8C" ID-GBIF-Taxon="158512426" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AC4D691FFF855E24FF685A8876EBFA8C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AC4D691FFF855E24FF685A8876EBFA8C" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<subSubSection id="6CFE8B82FF855E21FF685A8874D7FB7C" box="[151,489,1253,1280]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="245BD809FF855E21FF685A8874D7FB7C" blockId="33.[151,498,1253,1315]" box="[151,489,1253,1280]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<heading id="7F136F65FF855E21FF685A8874D7FB7C" bold="true" box="[151,489,1253,1280]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="1690041BFF855E21FF685A8874D7FB7C" bold="true" box="[151,489,1253,1280]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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5.
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<taxonomicName id="E3E4A38AFF855E21FF4A5A8874D7FB7C" ID-CoL="MFM5" authority="Curtis" authorityName="Curtis" box="[181,489,1253,1280]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kirbiellus">
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<emphasis id="1690041BFF855E21FF4A5A8874AFFA83" bold="true" box="[181,401,1253,1280]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Bombus kirbiellus</emphasis>
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Curtis
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6CFE8B82FF855E21FF685B6474CCFAA0" box="[151,498,1288,1315]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="description">
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<paragraph id="245BD809FF855E21FF685B6474CCFAA0" blockId="33.[151,498,1253,1315]" box="[151,498,1288,1315]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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(
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<figureCitation id="BCDFC48CFF855E21FF5E5B6475D1FAA0" box="[161,239,1288,1315]" captionStart="FIGURES 1‒6" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1894,1919]" captionTargetBox="[223,1370,166,1861]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[213,1375,166,1875]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1‒6. Lateral views of foraging females (queens) of species of the subgenus Alpinobombus (with photo credits): 1, B. alpinus, Norway (A. Staverløkk); 2, B. pyrrhopygus, Sweden (G. Holmström); 3, B. polaris, Canada (B. Heinrich); 4, B. balteatus, Sweden (G. Holmström); 5, B. kirbiellus, USA (D. Wilson); 6, B. hyperboreus, Sweden (L.-I. Larsson). Some images reversed." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3268177/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Figs. 5</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="BCDFC48CFF855E21FF045B64747DFAA0" box="[251,323,1289,1315]" captionStart="FIGURES 77‒88" captionStartId="35.[151,264,1891,1916]" captionTargetBox="[233,1361,174,1820]" captionTargetId="figure@35.[166,1421,166,1871]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 77‒88. 77: Bombus kirbiellus global distribution (as for Fig. 15). 78‒88 colour patterns (as for Figs. 16‒21): 78 (#556) Canada-Nunavut; 79 (#294) Canada-Nunavut; 80 (#100) Canada-Nunavut; 81 (#3791) USA-Colorado; 82 (#3790) USA-Colorado; 83 (#3765) Canada-Nunavut; 84 (#3792) USA-Colorado; 85 (#3797) USA-Colorado; 86 (#4915) USA Alaska; 87 (#3768) Canada-Nunavut; 88 (#3812) USA-Colorado." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3268203/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">77‒88</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="BCDFC48CFF855E21FEB05B647445FAA0" box="[335,379,1289,1315]" captionStart="FIGURES 129‒137" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1802,1827]" captionTargetBox="[171,1400,212,1747]" captionTargetId="figure@45.[151,1436,181,1782]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 129‒137. Morphology of the male genitalia for species of the subgenus Alpinobombus from the dorsal aspect, anterior to the left of the image, posterior to the right: 129 B. alpinus (#3824); 130 B pyrrhopygus (#3833); 131 B. polaris (#73); 132 B. balteatus (#3843); 133 B. kirbiellus (#3768); 134 B. neoboreus (#4387); 135 B. kluanensis (#4876); 136 B. natvigi (#81); 137 B. hyperboreus (#3821)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3268213/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">133</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="BCDFC48CFF855E21FE785B64748DFAA0" box="[391,435,1289,1315]" captionStart="FIGURES 140‒143" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1866,1891]" captionTargetBox="[157,1433,181,1841]" captionTargetId="figure@50.[151,1436,181,1846]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 140‒143. Morphology of females (queens). Left lateral aspect of the oculo-malar area of: 140, B. polaris; 141, B. kirbiellus (white lines indicate length and breadth measurements). Left lateral aspect of the outer surface of the left hind tibia (corbicular area): 142, B. polaris; 143, B. neoboreus (white lines indicate highlights in the central area)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3268219/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">141</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="BCDFC48CFF855E21FE405B6474D7FAA0" box="[447,489,1289,1315]" captionStart="FIGURES 144‒147" captionStartId="51.[151,264,1282,1307]" captionTargetBox="[151,1409,166,1244]" captionTargetId="figure@51.[151,1409,166,1263]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURES 144‒147. Morphology of males. Dorsal aspect of the penis valves of: 144, B. natvigi; 145, B. neoboreus (white lines indicate location of the subapical outer tooth of the left penis valve). Dorsal aspect of left gonostylus: 146 B. kirbiellus; 147, B. polaris (white lines indicate anterior, midpoint, and posterior median projections of left gonostylus)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3268221/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">146</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6CFE8B82FF855E21FF685B207126FA7C" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="245BD809FF855E21FF685B20742FFA20" blockId="33.[151,1437,1356,1841]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<
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<taxonomicName id="E3E4A38AFF855E21FF5A5B2075C2FAE6" ID-CoL="62H8K" authority="Kirbiellus Curtis 1835" authorityName="Kincaidii Cockerell" authorityYear="1898" box="[165,252,1357,1381]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Bombus</taxonomicName>
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>
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<taxonomicName id="E3E4A38AFF855E21FEED5B2074C6FAE6" ID-CoL="MFM5" authority="Curtis 1835" authorityName="Curtis" authorityYear="1835" box="[274,504,1356,1381]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kirbiellus">
|
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<emphasis id="1690041BFF855E21FEED5B207449FAE6" box="[274,375,1357,1381]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Kirbiellus</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="948CD254FF855E21FE805B2174C6FAE6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2273437266" box="[383,504,1356,1381]" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="Canada" location="Arctic'" municipality="Boothia Peninsula" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Nunavut" typeStatus="lectotype">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="4075A5F8FF855E21FE805B2174C6FAE6" author="Curtis" box="[383,504,1356,1381]" firstAuthor="Curtis" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refId="ref41860" refString="Curtis, J. (1835) Insects. Descriptions, etc. of the insects brought home by Commander James Clark Ross, R. N., F. R. S. & c. In: J. Ross, Appendix to the narrative of a second voyage in search of a North-West Passage, and of a residence in the arctic regions during the years 1829, 1830, 1831, 1832, 1833, Baudry, London, pp. lix-lxxx." type="journal volume" year="1835">Curtis 1835</bibRefCitation>
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</materialsCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:lxii and his plate A figure 2, type-locality citation ‘
|
||
<location id="213B8ED2FF855E21FBFE5B217175FAE6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AC4D691FFF855E24FF685A8876EBFA8C:213B8ED2FF855E21FBFE5B217175FAE6" box="[1025,1099,1356,1381]" country="Canada" municipality="Boothia Peninsula" name="Arctic'" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" stateProvince="Nunavut">Arctic’</location>
|
||
(probably the
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="C43F4273FF855E21FB1D5B2170A3FAE6" box="[1250,1437,1356,1381]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Boothia Peninsula</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
isthmus,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="E62016EBFF855E21FEDC5B017443FA00" box="[291,381,1388,1411]" country="Canada" name="Nunavut" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Nunavut</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5CF39899FF855E21FE775B0674E7FA07" box="[392,473,1387,1412]" name="Canada" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
||
).
|
||
<typeStatus id="FB5F66ABFF855E21FE155B01776BFA07" box="[490,597,1388,1412]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="lectotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF855E21FE155B01776BFA07" bold="true" box="[490,597,1388,1412]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Lectotype</emphasis>
|
||
</typeStatus>
|
||
queen (#294) by present designation, NHMUK examined PHW, no locality label. Note 1.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="245BD809FF855E21FF685BC47010FA63" blockId="33.[151,1437,1356,1841]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3E4A38AFF855E21FF685BC47738FA42" ID-CoL="62H8K" authority="Putnami Cresson 1878: 185" authorityName="Putnami Cresson" authorityPageNumber="185" authorityYear="1878" box="[151,518,1448,1473]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF855E21FF685BC4747BFA42" box="[151,325,1449,1473]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Bombus Putnami</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4075A5F8FF855E21FEB35BC47738FA42" author="Cresson" box="[332,518,1448,1473]" firstAuthor="Cresson" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="181 - 221" refId="ref41798" refString="Cresson, E. T. (1878) Descriptions of new species of North American bees. Proceedings of the Academy of natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 30, 181 - 221." type="journal article" year="1878">Cresson 1878:185</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, type-locality citation ‘
|
||
<collectingRegion id="E62016EBFF855E21FD125BC5766EFA42" box="[749,848,1448,1473]" country="United States of America" name="Colorado" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Colorado</collectingRegion>
|
||
- Alpine’ (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5CF39899FF855E21FC425BC476CBFA42" box="[957,1013,1449,1473]" name="United States of America" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
).
|
||
<typeStatus id="FB5F66ABFF855E21FBF95BC5715AFA42" box="[1030,1124,1448,1473]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
female by monotypy, not seen (ANSP Type 2170, identity not in doubt). Synonymised with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3E4A38AFF855E21FCCB5BA5710AFA63" ID-CoL="MFM4" authority="Curtis" authorityName="Curtis" box="[820,1076,1479,1504]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kirbyellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF855E21FCCB5BA576CEFA63" box="[820,1008,1480,1504]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Bombus kirbyellus</emphasis>
|
||
Curtis
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4075A5F8FF855E21FBA55BAA7015FA63" author="Franklin" box="[1114,1323,1479,1504]" firstAuthor="Franklin" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="177 - 486" refId="ref42739" refString="Franklin, H. J. (1913) The Bombidae of the New World. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 38, 177 - 486. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 122585" type="journal article" year="1913">Franklin (1913:290)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="245BD809FF855E21FF685B8A7126FA7C" blockId="33.[151,1437,1356,1841]" box="[151,1048,1510,1535]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
[<
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3E4A38AFF855E21FF515B8B743BFA7D" ID-CoL="62H8K" authorityName="Putnami Cresson" authorityYear="1878" box="[174,261,1510,1534]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Bombus</taxonomicName>
|
||
>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3E4A38AFF855E21FEE55B8B74FBFA7C" ID-CoL="MFM4" authority="Curtis" authorityName="Curtis" box="[282,453,1510,1535]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kirbyellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF855E21FEE55B8B7440FA7D" box="[282,382,1510,1534]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">kirbyellus</emphasis>
|
||
Curtis
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4075A5F8FF855E21FE305B8A77E9FA7C" author="von Dalla Torre" box="[463,727,1510,1535]" firstAuthor="von Dalla Torre" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refId="ref50818" refString="von Dalla Torre, K. W. (1896) Catalogus hymenopterorum hucusque descriptorum systematicus et synonymicus. Vol. X. Apidae (anthophila). G. Engelmann, Lipsiae, viii + 643 pp." type="book" year="1896">von Dalla Torre 1896:527</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, incorrect subsequent spelling.]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6CFE8B82FF855E21FF68586876EDF99E" box="[151,979,1540,1565]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="245BD809FF855E21FF68586876EDF99E" blockId="33.[151,1437,1356,1841]" box="[151,979,1540,1565]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF855E21FF6858687455F99E" box="[151,363,1541,1565]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3E4A38AFF855E21FF5A586875C2F99E" authorityName="Putnami Cresson" authorityYear="1878" box="[165,252,1541,1565]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Bombus</taxonomicName>
|
||
> putnamii
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Cresson;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4075A5F8FF855E21FE2E586B77E6F99E" author="von Dalla Torre" box="[465,728,1540,1565]" firstAuthor="von Dalla Torre" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refId="ref50818" refString="von Dalla Torre, K. W. (1896) Catalogus hymenopterorum hucusque descriptorum systematicus et synonymicus. Vol. X. Apidae (anthophila). G. Engelmann, Lipsiae, viii + 643 pp." type="book" year="1896">von Dalla Torre 1896:544</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, unjustified emendation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6CFE8B82FF855E21FF6858497612F8B2" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="245BD809FF855E21FF6858497498F9FA" blockId="33.[151,1437,1356,1841]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF855E21FF68584974FCF9B8" box="[151,450,1572,1595]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3E4A38AFF855E21FF6858497426F9B8" authorityName="Lepeletier" authorityYear="1832" box="[151,280,1572,1595]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Psithyrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">PSITHYRUS</taxonomicName>
|
||
KODIAKENSIS
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4075A5F8FF855E21FE34584E77A9F9BF" author="Ashmead" box="[459,663,1571,1596]" firstAuthor="Ashmead" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="117 - 274" refId="ref40240" refString="Ashmead, W. H. (1902) Papers from the Harriman Alaska Expedition. XXVIII. Hymenoptera. Proceedings of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 4, 117 - 274. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 18572" type="journal article" year="1902">Ashmead 1902:130</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, type-locality citation ‘Kodiak’ (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5CF39899FF855E21FC1058497119F9BF" box="[1007,1063,1572,1596]" name="United States of America" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
).
|
||
<typeStatus id="FB5F66ABFF855E21FBC4584971B0F9BF" box="[1083,1166,1572,1596]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="syntype">Syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
males, NMNH photos of specimen and genitalia examined PW, ‘Kadiak’ [sic] (Kodiak,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="E62016EBFF855E21FCC8582F76BEF9D8" box="[823,896,1602,1627]" country="United States of America" name="Alaska" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Alaska</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5CF39899FF855E21FC75582E76FFF9D8" box="[906,961,1603,1627]" name="United States of America" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
). Synonymised with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3E4A38AFF855E21FB6D582E70A2F9D8" ID-CoL="5G28S" authority="(Curtis)" authorityName="Curtis" baseAuthorityName="Curtis" box="[1170,1436,1602,1627]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bremus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kirbyellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF855E21FB6D582E7076F9D9" box="[1170,1352,1602,1626]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Bremus kirbyellus</emphasis>
|
||
(Curtis)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4075A5F8FF855E21FF18580D749CF9FA" author="Frison" box="[231,418,1632,1657]" firstAuthor="Frison" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="307 - 326" refId="ref43164" refString="Frison, T. H. (1923) Systematic and biological notes on bumblebees (Bremidae; Hymenoptera). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 48, 307 - 326." type="journal article" year="1923">Frison (1923:316)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="245BD809FF855E21FF6858ED71F4F934" blockId="33.[151,1437,1356,1841]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3E4A38AFF855E21FF6858ED7714F91B" ID-CoL="5WNP3" authority="Morrill 1903: 224" authorityName="Morrill" authorityPageNumber="224" authorityYear="1903" box="[151,554,1663,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atrifasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF855E21FF6858ED7451F91B" box="[151,367,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Bombus atrifasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4075A5F8FF855E21FE8858127714F91B" author="Morrill" box="[375,554,1663,1688]" firstAuthor="Morrill" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="222 - 226" refId="ref47123" refString="Morrill, A. W. (1903) New Apoidea from Montana. Canadian Entomologist, 35, 222 - 226. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 35222 - 8" type="journal article" year="1903">Morrill 1903:224</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, type-locality citation ‘Gallatin Co., Montana’ (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5CF39899FF855E21FBEC58ED7175F91B" box="[1043,1099,1664,1688]" name="United States of America" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
).
|
||
<typeStatus id="FB5F66ABFF855E21FBA258127185F91B" box="[1117,1211,1663,1688]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
female by monotypy, not seen (identity not in doubt). Synonymised with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3E4A38AFF855E21FD2E58F376EFF934" ID-CoL="MFM4" authority="Curtis" authorityName="Curtis" box="[721,977,1694,1719]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kirbyellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF855E21FD2E58F376B3F935" box="[721,909,1694,1718]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Bombus kirbyellus</emphasis>
|
||
Curtis
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4075A5F8FF855E21FC0858F371F9F934" author="Franklin" box="[1015,1223,1694,1719]" firstAuthor="Franklin" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="177 - 486" refId="ref42739" refString="Franklin, H. J. (1913) The Bombidae of the New World. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 38, 177 - 486. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 122585" type="journal article" year="1913">Franklin (1913:291)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="245BD809FF855E21FF6858D37612F970" blockId="33.[151,1437,1356,1841]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3E4A38AFF855E21FF6858D37795F956" ID-CoL="5G28R" authority="Frison 1923: 308" authorityName="Frison" authorityPageNumber="308" authorityYear="1923" box="[151,683,1724,1749]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bremus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="kirbyellus" variety="alexanderi">
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF855E21FF6858D374CBF956" box="[151,501,1725,1749]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Bremus kirbyellus var. alexanderi</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="948CD254FF855E21FE0058D17795F956" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2273437264" box="[511,683,1724,1749]" collectionCode="INHS, PW" country="United States of America" location="Patagonia Mountains" municipality="Arizona'" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4075A5F8FF855E21FE0058D17795F956" author="Frison" box="[511,683,1724,1749]" firstAuthor="Frison" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="307 - 326" refId="ref43164" refString="Frison, T. H. (1923) Systematic and biological notes on bumblebees (Bremidae; Hymenoptera). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 48, 307 - 326." type="journal article" year="1923">Frison 1923:308</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, type-locality citation ‘
|
||
<location id="213B8ED2FF855E21FC6358D17143F956" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AC4D691FFF855E24FF685A8876EBFA8C:213B8ED2FF855E21FC6358D17143F956" box="[924,1149,1724,1749]" country="United States of America" municipality="Arizona'" name="Patagonia Mountains" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Patagonia Mountains</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="C43F4273FF855E21FB7658D171DFF956" box="[1161,1249,1724,1749]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Arizona’</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5CF39899FF855E21FB0D58D07014F956" box="[1266,1322,1725,1749]" name="United States of America" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
).
|
||
<typeStatus id="FB5F66ABFF855E21FAC158D170A2F956" box="[1342,1436,1724,1749]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
queen (#5012) by original designation, INHS examined PW.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="245BD809FF855E21FF6858967612F8B2" blockId="33.[151,1437,1356,1841]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3E4A38AFF855E21FF6858967791F890" ID-CoL="5G28S" authority="Frison 1923: 309" authorityName="Frison" authorityPageNumber="309" authorityYear="1923" box="[151,687,1786,1811]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bremus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="kirbyellus" variety="arizonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF855E21FF68589674C5F891" box="[151,507,1786,1810]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Bremus kirbyellus var. arizonensis</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="948CD254FF855E21FDFB58977791F890" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2273437257" box="[516,687,1786,1811]" collectionCode="INHS, PW" country="United States of America" location="Patagonia Mountains" municipality="Arizona'" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4075A5F8FF855E21FDFB58977791F890" author="Frison" box="[516,687,1786,1811]" firstAuthor="Frison" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="307 - 326" refId="ref43164" refString="Frison, T. H. (1923) Systematic and biological notes on bumblebees (Bremidae; Hymenoptera). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 48, 307 - 326." type="journal article" year="1923">Frison 1923:309</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, type-locality citation ‘
|
||
<location id="213B8ED2FF855E21FC6158977141F890" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AC4D691FFF855E24FF685A8876EBFA8C:213B8ED2FF855E21FC6158977141F890" box="[926,1151,1786,1811]" country="United States of America" municipality="Arizona'" name="Patagonia Mountains" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Patagonia Mountains</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="C43F4273FF855E21FB75589771DCF890" box="[1162,1250,1786,1811]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Arizona’</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5CF39899FF855E21FB0D58967014F890" box="[1266,1322,1787,1811]" name="United States of America" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
).
|
||
<typeStatus id="FB5F66ABFF855E21FAC1589770A2F890" box="[1342,1436,1786,1811]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
queen (#5013) by original designation, INHS examined PW.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6CFE8B82FF855E21FF68590D7199F865" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="245BD809FF855E21FF68590D7199F865" blockId="33.[151,1436,1887,2022]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
Note 1 (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3E4A38AFF855E21FF0C590D7463F8F9" box="[243,349,1888,1914]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kirbiellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF855E21FF0C590D7463F8F9" box="[243,349,1888,1914]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">kirbiellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The NHMUK is the most likely depository for the
|
||
<typeStatus id="FB5F66ABFF855E21FC51590D76E0F8F9" box="[942,990,1888,1914]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material described by John Curtis from the British expedition led by John Ross to find the Northwest Passage. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="FB5F66ABFF855E21FC2959E97138F81D" box="[982,1030,1924,1950]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material has been believed to be lost (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4075A5F8FF855E21FF6059CA744DF841" author="Franklin" box="[159,371,1959,1986]" firstAuthor="Franklin" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="177 - 486" refId="ref42739" refString="Franklin, H. J. (1913) The Bombidae of the New World. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 38, 177 - 486. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 122585" type="journal article" year="1913">Franklin 1913:291</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4075A5F8FF855E21FE8159CA7778F841" author="Richards" box="[382,582,1959,1986]" firstAuthor="Richards" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="1 - 32" refId="ref49035" refString="Richards, O. W. (1931) Some notes on the humble-bees allied to Bombus alpinus, L. TromsO Museums Arshefter, 50, 1 - 32." type="journal article" year="1931">Richards 1931:15</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4075A5F8FF855E21FDAE59CA762CF841" author="Milliron" box="[593,786,1959,1986]" firstAuthor="Milliron" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="81 - 237" refId="ref46901" refString="Milliron, H. E. (1973) A monograph of the western hemisphere bumblebees (Hymenoptera: Apidae; Bombinae). II. The genus Megabombus subgenus Megabombus. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada, 89, 81 - 237. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / entm 10589 fv" type="journal article" year="1973">Milliron 1973:95</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) or to be ‘not traced’ (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4075A5F8FF855E21FBF759CA71FBF841" author="Loken" box="[1032,1221,1959,1986]" firstAuthor="Loken" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="1 - 218" refId="ref45906" refString="Loken, A. (1973) Studies on Scandinavian bumble bees (Hymenoptera, Apidae). Norsk entomologisk Tidsskrift, 20, 1 - 218." type="journal article" year="1973">Løken 1973:105</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Fortunately, there is an illustration of a queen accompanying Curtis’s original description (his plate A figure 2).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6CFE8B82FF865E24FF385EF47063FE08" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="245BD809FF865E22FF385EF47753FC94" blockId="34.[151,1437,153,1943]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
The NHMUK collection does contain one queen (#294) that could have been the model for Curtis’s illustration of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3E4A38AFF865E22FF115ED37444FF54" box="[238,378,189,215]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kirbiellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF865E22FF115ED37444FF54" box="[238,378,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">B. kirbiellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. It is the only nineteenth century queen of this species in the NHMUK collection from the New World and it is also the only nineteenth century specimen of this species in the NHMUK collection that has been dried with the wings and legs extended, broadly as shown in the illustration in Curtis (which may have been rendered in a slightly more idealised, symmetrical pose). The
|
||
<typeStatus id="FB5F66ABFF865E22FCA75F447681FEC0" box="[856,959,297,323]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
queen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3E4A38AFF865E22FBCE5F47719FFEC0" box="[1073,1185,297,323]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="polaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF865E22FBCE5F47719FFEC0" box="[1073,1185,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">B. polaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(from the same expedition, see above) has been dried in a similar pose, but has a different colour pattern. The NHMUK queen (#294) matches the Curtis illustration of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3E4A38AFF865E22FDF15F1F77A9FE08" box="[526,663,369,395]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kirbiellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF865E22FDF15F1F77A9FE08" box="[526,663,369,395]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">B. kirbiellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in colour pattern, in that: (1) the hair on the top of the head posterior to the ocelli is predominantly black, so that it appears black from a distance, even though there is some yellow hair intermixed in this area as is frequent for this species; (2) there is a narrow but clear indication of black hair anterior and ventral to the wing bases, indicating a patch of black hair on the side of the thorax posteriorly in addition to the yellow hair anteriorly on the side of the thorax that is most frequent and often most extensive for this species; (3) metasomal tergum 2 posteriorly has black hair in a median triangle, which is infrequent for this species; (4) the hair of terga 4‒5 is a very pale pink-orange rather than the deep orange-red or yellow-white seen for many individuals. None of these colour-pattern characters is unique to this specimen, but no other candidate specimen is known with this combination of characters, so that this is the most likely specimen currently known as a candidate for the model for the illustration. There are nineteenth century New World queens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3E4A38AFF865E22FC3A5CDB710BFD4C" box="[965,1077,693,719]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="polaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF865E22FC3A5CDB710BFD4C" box="[965,1077,693,719]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">B. polaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the NHMUK collection, but they all have a conspicuous band of yellow hair posteriorly on metasomal tergum 3, which is specifically excluded in the original description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3E4A38AFF865E22FE225C937758FC94" box="[477,614,765,791]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kirbiellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF865E22FE225C937758FC94" box="[477,614,765,791]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">B. kirbiellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="245BD809FF865E22FF385D4C77CFFC24" blockId="34.[151,1437,153,1943]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
The NHMUK specimen (#294) carries the labels: (1) white, handwritten ‘
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF865E22FBD25D4C71A3FCB8" box="[1069,1181,801,827]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Kirbiellus</emphasis>
|
||
[female].’; (2) white, round, handwritten ‘40 / 4 – 2 / 1719’; (3) green, printed ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3E4A38AFF865E22FCC95D2876E6FCDC" authorityName="Kruger" authorityYear="1917" box="[822,984,837,863]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Alpinobombus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF865E22FCC95D2876E6FCDC" box="[822,984,837,863]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Alpinobombus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ AL# 294. det. PHW’; (4) red, printed ‘
|
||
<typeStatus id="FB5F66ABFF865E22FF645D04747EFC00" box="[155,320,873,899]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
[female] /
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3E4A38AFF865E22FE445D04772BFC00" authorityName="Putnami Cresson" authorityYear="1878" box="[443,533,873,899]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF865E22FE445D04772BFC00" box="[443,533,873,899]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Bombus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3E4A38AFF865E22FDD45D0477ABFC00" box="[555,661,873,899]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kirbiellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF865E22FDD45D0477ABFC00" box="[555,661,873,899]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">kirbiellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4075A5F8FF865E22FD555D04760AFC00" author="Curtis" box="[682,820,872,899]" firstAuthor="Curtis" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refId="ref41860" refString="Curtis, J. (1835) Insects. Descriptions, etc. of the insects brought home by Commander James Clark Ross, R. N., F. R. S. & c. In: J. Ross, Appendix to the narrative of a second voyage in search of a North-West Passage, and of a residence in the arctic regions during the years 1829, 1830, 1831, 1832, 1833, Baudry, London, pp. lix-lxxx." type="journal volume" year="1835">Curtis, 1835</bibRefCitation>
|
||
/ det.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5CF39899FF865E22FC855D0476A0FC00" box="[890,926,873,899]" name="Philippines" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">PH</collectingCountry>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4075A5F8FF865E22FC5B5D04716EFC00" author="Williams" box="[932,1104,873,899]" firstAuthor="Williams" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refId="ref51722" refString="Williams, P. H., Thorp, R. W., Richardson, L. L. & Colla, S. R. (2014) Bumble bees of North America. An identification guide. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 208 pp." type="book" year="2014">Williams 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
’; (5) white, printed ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3E4A38AFF865E22FACC5D0470B3FC00" authorityName="Putnami Cresson" authorityYear="1878" box="[1331,1421,873,899]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF865E22FACC5D0470B3FC00" box="[1331,1421,873,899]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Bombus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3E4A38AFF865E22FF5E5DE0747DFC24" authorityName="Kruger" authorityYear="1917" box="[161,323,909,935]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Alpinobombus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF865E22FF5E5DE0747DFC24" box="[161,323,909,935]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Alpinobombus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) /
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3E4A38AFF865E22FE9E5DE074F5FC24" box="[353,459,909,935]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kirbiellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF865E22FE9E5DE074F5FC24" box="[353,459,909,935]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">kirbiellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ det.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5CF39899FF865E22FDEE5DE0770BFC24" box="[529,565,909,935]" name="Philippines" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">PH</collectingCountry>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4075A5F8FF865E22FDC45DE077D6FC24" author="Williams" box="[571,744,908,935]" firstAuthor="Williams" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref51372" refString="Williams, P. H., Byvaltsev, A. M., Cederberg, B., Berezin, M. V., Odegaard, F., Rasmussen, C., et al. (2015) Genes suggest ancestral colour polymorphisms are shared across morphologically cryptic species in arctic bumblebees. PLoS ONE, 10, 1 - 26. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0144544" type="journal article" year="2015">Williams 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
’.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="245BD809FF865E22FF385DDC70B9FBFC" blockId="34.[151,1437,153,1943]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
The accession label (2) ‘40 / 4 – 2 / 1719’ refers (according to the NHMUK accessions register) to a specimen ‘Bought at Mr Children’s sale’ in 1840. This is presumably a reference to John Children, who became Keeper of Zoology at the British Museum (BM), retiring in 1840. It is possible that Children may have acquired the specimen from Curtis through Children’s association with the BM.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4075A5F8FF865E22FCDF5A7076D9FBB4" author="Smith" box="[800,999,1052,1079]" firstAuthor="Smith" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refId="ref49739" refString="Smith, F. (1854) Catalogue of hymenopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Part II. Apidae. Trustees of the British Museum, London, 197 pp." type="book" year="1854">Smith (1854:397)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
indicated that this species was present in the BM collection in 1854 (the entry for ‘
|
||
<subScript id="B860DA4CFF865E22FD6F5A2C764EFBD8" attach="left" box="[656,880,1089,1115]" fontSize="7" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3E4A38AFF865E22FD6F5A2C77D7FBDA" authorityName="Putnami Cresson" authorityYear="1878" box="[656,745,1089,1115]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">BOMBUS</taxonomicName>
|
||
KIRBIELLUS’
|
||
</subScript>
|
||
is marked ‘B.M.’), represented by material from ‘Boothia Felix’ (known to be visited at this time only by the Ross expedition), presumably therefore from Curtis.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="245BD809FF865E22FF385AE474A7FAD4" blockId="34.[151,1437,153,1943]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
The hand-writing of the label (1) ‘
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF865E22FDA85AE477F9FB20" box="[599,711,1161,1187]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Kirbiellus</emphasis>
|
||
[female].’ matches a sample of Curtis’s handwriting shown by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4075A5F8FF865E22FF685AC07460FB44" author="Horn" box="[151,350,1196,1223]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Horn" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="1 - 536" refId="ref44511" refString="Horn, W., Kahle, I. & Korschefsky, R. (1935 - 1937) Uber entomologische Sammlungen, Entomologen & Entomo-Museologie (Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der Entomologie). Entomologische Beihefte aus Berlin-Dahlem, Band 2 - 4, 1 - 536." type="book chapter" year="1935">
|
||
Horn
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF865E22FF265AC3742DFB44" box="[217,275,1197,1223]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<date id="505AFEC9FF865E22FEDB5AC17460FB44" box="[292,350,1196,1223]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" value="1935" valueMax="1937">1935</date>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
‒1937: plate XXXVIII no. 19) with a similar ‘r’, ‘b’, and ‘e’. The ‘s’ can be compared directly between the label and the sample published for Curtis, with a reduced upper section, and is more similar to Curtis’s handwriting than to the complete ‘s’ shown for Frederick Smith (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4075A5F8FF865E22FC6A5A987164FA8C" author="Horn" box="[917,1114,1268,1295]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Horn" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="1 - 536" refId="ref44511" refString="Horn, W., Kahle, I. & Korschefsky, R. (1935 - 1937) Uber entomologische Sammlungen, Entomologen & Entomo-Museologie (Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der Entomologie). Entomologische Beihefte aus Berlin-Dahlem, Band 2 - 4, 1 - 536." type="book chapter" year="1935">
|
||
Horn
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF865E22FC245A9B7129FA8C" box="[987,1047,1269,1295]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
<date id="505AFEC9FF865E22FBDD5A997164FA8C" box="[1058,1114,1268,1295]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" value="1935" valueMax="1937">1935</date>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
‒1937:plate V no. 13), who worked on the bumblebee collection of the British Museum from 1849. However, the handwriting samples are too small to be conclusive.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="245BD809FF865E22FF385B0C7632F9F4" blockId="34.[151,1437,153,1943]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
There is no single point of evidence that demonstrates beyond all doubt that this specimen (#294) is one of Curtis’s
|
||
<typeStatus id="FB5F66ABFF865E22FF355BE87411FA1C" box="[202,303,1413,1439]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
, but in combination the evidence from the specimen’s appearance and from the labels is considered on the balance of probabilities to support this conclusion. The specimen has been re-pinned, but it is complete except that it lacks the terminal joints of the left hind tarsus and of the mid and hind right tarsi. This queen is designated here as
|
||
<typeStatus id="FB5F66ABFF865E22FF125B9C746AF988" box="[237,340,1521,1547]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="948CD254FF865E22FEA45B9C7636F9F4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2273437260" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="Boothia. A" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paralectotype">
|
||
in order to reduce uncertainty in the identity and application of the name, especially in relation to the closely similar species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3E4A38AFF865E22FE3E587B7710F9AC" box="[449,558,1557,1583]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="polaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF865E22FE3E587B7710F9AC" box="[449,558,1557,1583]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">B. polaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that also occurs on
|
||
<collectorName id="8911BDDFFF865E22FCF5587876BCF9AC" box="[778,898,1557,1583]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Boothia. A</collectorName>
|
||
conspecific male (#293) in the
|
||
<collectionCode id="42F540CCFF865E22FB1F58787074F9AC" box="[1248,1354,1557,1583]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
|
||
collection with an accession label ‘40 / 4 – 2 / 1718’ (also from the 1840 Children purchase) is also likely to be from the Ross expedition and is considered to be a
|
||
<typeStatus id="FB5F66ABFF865E22FD9258307636F9F4" box="[621,776,1629,1655]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="245BD809FF865E22FF3858EC7704F8A8" blockId="34.[151,1437,153,1943]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4075A5F8FF865E22FF3858EC746AF918" author="Curtis" box="[199,340,1664,1691]" firstAuthor="Curtis" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refId="ref41860" refString="Curtis, J. (1835) Insects. Descriptions, etc. of the insects brought home by Commander James Clark Ross, R. N., F. R. S. & c. In: J. Ross, Appendix to the narrative of a second voyage in search of a North-West Passage, and of a residence in the arctic regions during the years 1829, 1830, 1831, 1832, 1833, Baudry, London, pp. lix-lxxx." type="journal volume" year="1835">Curtis (1835</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:lxiii) wrote that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3E4A38AFF865E22FDF158EF77A9F918" box="[526,663,1665,1691]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kirbiellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF865E22FDF158EF77A9F918" box="[526,663,1665,1691]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">B. kirbiellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
‘seemed to be the most abundant species’ [of bumblebee] seen on the Ross expedition, although it is likely that this included observations of the similar
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3E4A38AFF865E22FBB958CB7188F93C" box="[1094,1206,1701,1727]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="polaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF865E22FBB958CB7188F93C" box="[1094,1206,1701,1727]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">B. polaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. He gave the observation dates for most of the large female (queen) bumblebees (page lxiv) as June and July in
|
||
<date id="505AFEC9FF865E22FB4558A4705BF960" box="[1210,1381,1737,1763]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" value="1830" valueMax="1831">1830 and 1831</date>
|
||
. The main text of the report (e.g. page 566) places the expedition on these dates in the region around Cape
|
||
<collectingRegion id="E62016EBFF865E22FADE58807046F884" box="[1313,1400,1773,1799]" country="Philippines" name="Isabela" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Isabella</collectingRegion>
|
||
on the isthmus of the Boothia Peninsula.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="245BD809FF865E22FF3859587163F814" blockId="34.[151,1437,153,1943]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF865E22FF38595874C9F8CC" bold="true" box="[199,503,1844,1871]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Taxonomy and variation.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3E4A38AFF865E22FE00595877F2F8CC" box="[511,716,1845,1871]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kirbiellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF865E22FE00595877F2F8CC" box="[511,716,1845,1871]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Bombus kirbiellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has often been considered part of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3E4A38AFF865E22FBA7595B71E1F8CC" box="[1112,1247,1845,1871]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balteatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF865E22FBA7595B71E1F8CC" box="[1112,1247,1845,1871]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">B. balteatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but has recently been recognized as separate from evidence of a species coalescent in the COI gene (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4075A5F8FF865E22FBAE59347003F8F0" author="Williams" box="[1105,1341,1880,1907]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Williams" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref51372" refString="Williams, P. H., Byvaltsev, A. M., Cederberg, B., Berezin, M. V., Odegaard, F., Rasmussen, C., et al. (2015) Genes suggest ancestral colour polymorphisms are shared across morphologically cryptic species in arctic bumblebees. PLoS ONE, 10, 1 - 26. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0144544" type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||
Williams
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF865E22FB3E593771C4F8F0" box="[1217,1274,1881,1907]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="BCDFC48CFF865E22FAB5593470B0F8F0" box="[1354,1422,1881,1907]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1663,1688]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,563,1642]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,561,1644]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 9. Estimate of the metric gene tree for the 54 longest unique COI-barcode alleles of the subgenus Alpinobombus from MrBayes combined with the Bayesian Poisson-tree-process (PTP) solution with the highest support with spots showing the nodes with the strongest support as coalescents for candidate species (outgroup B. ignitus not shown). Values above the nodes are Bayesian posterior probabilities showing branch support for groups; values below the nodes are PTP Bayesian support values that all daughter alleles are parts of a single species (probabilities within candidate species are all ≤ 0.44). The scale bar is calibrated in substitutions per nucleotide site. Each unique allele is represented by one of the longest available sample sequences, labelled with: the sequence length in number of nucleotides, a taxon name or name describing an unpublished colour pattern, and then a code that consists of a specimen identifier (AL#n) from the project database and (after the hyphen) a sample identifier from BOLD or GenBank, followed with its geographic origin (for simplicity Greenland is included without Denmark)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3268187/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3E4A38AFF865E22FF685910745CF814" box="[151,354,1917,1943]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kirbiellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF865E22FF685910745CF814" box="[151,354,1917,1943]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Bombus kirbiellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is vicariant with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3E4A38AFF865E22FDDA59137795F814" box="[549,683,1917,1943]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balteatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF865E22FDDA59137795F814" box="[549,683,1917,1943]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">B. balteatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
across the Bering Strait (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BCDFC48CFF865E22FC385910711AF814" box="[967,1060,1916,1943]" captionStart="FIGURES 59‒76" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1870,1895]" captionTargetBox="[253,1363,172,1807]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[197,1391,166,1850]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 59‒76. 59: Bombus balteatus global distribution (as for Fig. 15). 60‒76 colour patterns (as for Figs.16‒21): 60 (#540) Russia-Krasnoyask; 61 (#119) Sweden; 62 (#541) Russia-Krasnoyarsk; 63 (#542) Russia-Krasnoyarsk; 64 (#117) Mongolia; 65 (#534) Russia-Kamchatka; 66 (#3841) Norway; 67 (#738) Russia-Kamchatka; 68 (#971) Russia- Kamchatka; 69 (#535) Russia-Kamchatka; 70 (#973) Russia-Kamchatka; 71 (#880) Russia-Kamchatka; 72 (#536) Russia-Kamchatka; 73 (#228) Norway; 74 (#392) Sweden; 75 (#3843) Norway; 76 (#538) Russia-Kamchatka." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3268201/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Figs. 59</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="BCDFC48CFF865E22FBCF5910716EF814" box="[1072,1104,1917,1943]" captionStart="FIGURES 77‒88" captionStartId="35.[151,264,1891,1916]" captionTargetBox="[233,1361,174,1820]" captionTargetId="figure@35.[166,1421,166,1871]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 77‒88. 77: Bombus kirbiellus global distribution (as for Fig. 15). 78‒88 colour patterns (as for Figs. 16‒21): 78 (#556) Canada-Nunavut; 79 (#294) Canada-Nunavut; 80 (#100) Canada-Nunavut; 81 (#3791) USA-Colorado; 82 (#3790) USA-Colorado; 83 (#3765) Canada-Nunavut; 84 (#3792) USA-Colorado; 85 (#3797) USA-Colorado; 86 (#4915) USA Alaska; 87 (#3768) Canada-Nunavut; 88 (#3812) USA-Colorado." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3268203/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">77</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="709B8881FF875E23FF68590E77E3F86B" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3268203/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" startId="35.[151,264,1891,1916]" targetBox="[233,1361,174,1820]" targetPageId="35">
|
||
<paragraph id="245BD809FF875E23FF68590E77E3F86B" blockId="35.[151,1437,1891,2024]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF875E23FF68590E746EF8FF" bold="true" box="[151,336,1891,1916]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">FIGURES 77‒88</emphasis>
|
||
. 77:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3E4A38AFF875E23FE78590E777FF8F8" box="[391,577,1891,1915]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kirbiellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF875E23FE78590E777FF8F8" box="[391,577,1891,1915]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Bombus kirbiellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
global distribution (as for Fig. 15). 78
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF875E23FC2A590976DCF8FF" bold="true" box="[981,994,1892,1916]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">‒</emphasis>
|
||
88 colour patterns (as for Figs. 16
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF875E23FABA5909706CF8FF" bold="true" box="[1349,1362,1892,1916]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">‒</emphasis>
|
||
21): 78 (#556) Canada-Nunavut; 79 (#294) Canada-Nunavut; 80 (#100) Canada-Nunavut; 81 (#3791) USA-Colorado; 82 (#3790) USA-Colorado; 83 (#3765) Canada-Nunavut; 84 (#3792) USA-Colorado; 85 (#3797) USA-Colorado; 86 (#4915) USA Alaska; 87 (#3768) Canada-Nunavut; 88 (#3812) USA-Colorado.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="245BD809FF805E24FF385EF471CFFEC0" blockId="36.[151,1437,153,1296]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
Variation in the colour pattern has been illustrated and analysed previously (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4075A5F8FF805E24FBCD5EF47021FF30" author="Williams" box="[1074,1311,153,179]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Williams" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" refId="ref51722" refString="Williams, P. H., Thorp, R. W., Richardson, L. L. & Colla, S. R. (2014) Bumble bees of North America. An identification guide. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 208 pp." type="book" year="2014">
|
||
Williams
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF805E24FB5C5EF771E0FF30" box="[1187,1246,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(under the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3E4A38AFF805E24FF255ED37461FF54" box="[218,351,189,215]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balteatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF805E24FF255ED37461FF54" box="[218,351,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">B. balteatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4075A5F8FF805E24FE8A5ED07764FF54" author="Williams" box="[373,602,188,215]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Williams" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref51372" refString="Williams, P. H., Byvaltsev, A. M., Cederberg, B., Berezin, M. V., Odegaard, F., Rasmussen, C., et al. (2015) Genes suggest ancestral colour polymorphisms are shared across morphologically cryptic species in arctic bumblebees. PLoS ONE, 10, 1 - 26. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0144544" type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||
Williams
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF805E24FE1F5ED37726FF54" box="[480,536,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The colour pattern with yellow on T4‒5 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BCDFC48CFF805E24FBCD5ED07189FF54" box="[1074,1207,189,215]" captionStart="FIGURES 77‒88" captionStartId="35.[151,264,1891,1916]" captionTargetBox="[233,1361,174,1820]" captionTargetId="figure@35.[166,1421,166,1871]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 77‒88. 77: Bombus kirbiellus global distribution (as for Fig. 15). 78‒88 colour patterns (as for Figs. 16‒21): 78 (#556) Canada-Nunavut; 79 (#294) Canada-Nunavut; 80 (#100) Canada-Nunavut; 81 (#3791) USA-Colorado; 82 (#3790) USA-Colorado; 83 (#3765) Canada-Nunavut; 84 (#3792) USA-Colorado; 85 (#3797) USA-Colorado; 86 (#4915) USA Alaska; 87 (#3768) Canada-Nunavut; 88 (#3812) USA-Colorado." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3268203/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Figs. 78‒79</figureCitation>
|
||
) is known to us only from Nunavut. Otherwise the principal variation in this species is in whether the pale hair of T4‒5 is predominantly orange (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BCDFC48CFF805E24FF0C5F6874F1FE9C" box="[243,463,260,287]" captionStart="FIGURES 77‒88" captionStartId="35.[151,264,1891,1916]" captionTargetBox="[233,1361,174,1820]" captionTargetId="figure@35.[166,1421,166,1871]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 77‒88. 77: Bombus kirbiellus global distribution (as for Fig. 15). 78‒88 colour patterns (as for Figs. 16‒21): 78 (#556) Canada-Nunavut; 79 (#294) Canada-Nunavut; 80 (#100) Canada-Nunavut; 81 (#3791) USA-Colorado; 82 (#3790) USA-Colorado; 83 (#3765) Canada-Nunavut; 84 (#3792) USA-Colorado; 85 (#3797) USA-Colorado; 86 (#4915) USA Alaska; 87 (#3768) Canada-Nunavut; 88 (#3812) USA-Colorado." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3268203/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Figs. 80‒83, 85‒87</figureCitation>
|
||
) or predominantly black (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BCDFC48CFF805E24FD0A5F687641FE9C" box="[757,895,261,287]" captionStart="FIGURES 77‒88" captionStartId="35.[151,264,1891,1916]" captionTargetBox="[233,1361,174,1820]" captionTargetId="figure@35.[166,1421,166,1871]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 77‒88. 77: Bombus kirbiellus global distribution (as for Fig. 15). 78‒88 colour patterns (as for Figs. 16‒21): 78 (#556) Canada-Nunavut; 79 (#294) Canada-Nunavut; 80 (#100) Canada-Nunavut; 81 (#3791) USA-Colorado; 82 (#3790) USA-Colorado; 83 (#3765) Canada-Nunavut; 84 (#3792) USA-Colorado; 85 (#3797) USA-Colorado; 86 (#4915) USA Alaska; 87 (#3768) Canada-Nunavut; 88 (#3812) USA-Colorado." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3268203/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Figs. 84, 88</figureCitation>
|
||
). The colour pattern from Lake Hazen on Elles- mere
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5CF39899FF805E24FF295F447424FEC0" box="[214,282,297,323]" name="Iceland" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="BCDFC48CFF805E24FED55F447445FEC0" box="[298,379,297,323]" captionStart="FIGURES 77‒88" captionStartId="35.[151,264,1891,1916]" captionTargetBox="[233,1361,174,1820]" captionTargetId="figure@35.[166,1421,166,1871]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 77‒88. 77: Bombus kirbiellus global distribution (as for Fig. 15). 78‒88 colour patterns (as for Figs. 16‒21): 78 (#556) Canada-Nunavut; 79 (#294) Canada-Nunavut; 80 (#100) Canada-Nunavut; 81 (#3791) USA-Colorado; 82 (#3790) USA-Colorado; 83 (#3765) Canada-Nunavut; 84 (#3792) USA-Colorado; 85 (#3797) USA-Colorado; 86 (#4915) USA Alaska; 87 (#3768) Canada-Nunavut; 88 (#3812) USA-Colorado." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3268203/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 83</figureCitation>
|
||
) has the side of the thorax predominantly black, resembling some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3E4A38AFF805E24FB9A5F4771D5FEC0" box="[1125,1259,297,323]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balteatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF805E24FB9A5F4771D5FEC0" box="[1125,1259,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">B. balteatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="245BD809FF805E24FF385F207063FE08" blockId="36.[151,1437,153,1296]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
Individuals with both the orange-tailed and black-tailed colour patterns share some of the same alleles, although there may be some variation in the relative frequency of the two patterns with latitude (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4075A5F8FF805E24FB985F1C706FFE08" author="Williams" box="[1127,1361,368,395]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Williams" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref51372" refString="Williams, P. H., Byvaltsev, A. M., Cederberg, B., Berezin, M. V., Odegaard, F., Rasmussen, C., et al. (2015) Genes suggest ancestral colour polymorphisms are shared across morphologically cryptic species in arctic bumblebees. PLoS ONE, 10, 1 - 26. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0144544" type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||
Williams
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF805E24FB2A5F1F7033FE08" box="[1237,1293,369,395]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6CFE8B82FF805E24FF385FF977D6FBFC" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="245BD809FF805E24FF385FF977F3FC48" blockId="36.[151,1437,153,1296]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF805E24FF385FF9748EFE2C" bold="true" box="[199,432,404,431]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
257 queens
|
||
<specimenCount id="32E21380FF805E24FDC55FF977FAFE2C" box="[570,708,404,431]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="worker">512 workers</specimenCount>
|
||
<specimenCount id="32E21380FF805E24FD355FF87602FE2C" box="[714,828,405,431]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="male">307 males</specimenCount>
|
||
(plus 166 individuals with sex or caste undetermined), from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5CF39899FF805E24FF275FD47430FE50" box="[216,270,441,467]" name="United States of America" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5CF39899FF805E24FEB45FD474A1FE50" box="[331,415,441,467]" name="Canada" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="BCDFC48CFF805E24FE4E5FD47737FE50" box="[433,521,441,467]" captionStart="FIGURES 77‒88" captionStartId="35.[151,264,1891,1916]" captionTargetBox="[233,1361,174,1820]" captionTargetId="figure@35.[166,1421,166,1871]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 77‒88. 77: Bombus kirbiellus global distribution (as for Fig. 15). 78‒88 colour patterns (as for Figs. 16‒21): 78 (#556) Canada-Nunavut; 79 (#294) Canada-Nunavut; 80 (#100) Canada-Nunavut; 81 (#3791) USA-Colorado; 82 (#3790) USA-Colorado; 83 (#3765) Canada-Nunavut; 84 (#3792) USA-Colorado; 85 (#3797) USA-Colorado; 86 (#4915) USA Alaska; 87 (#3768) Canada-Nunavut; 88 (#3812) USA-Colorado." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3268203/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 77</figureCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectionCode id="42F540CCFF805E24FDEA5FD47755FE50" box="[533,619,441,467]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">AMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode id="42F540CCFF805E24FD8A5FD47784FE50" box="[629,698,441,467]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/q49p-qw3v" name="USDA, Agriculture Research Service, Pollinating Insects-- Biology, Management and Systematics Research" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="Museum">BBSL</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode id="42F540CCFF805E24FD3B5FD477C0FE50" box="[708,766,441,467]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">CNC</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode id="42F540CCFF805E24FCF75FD4766EFE50" box="[776,848,441,467]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33156" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33156" name="California State Collection of Arthropods" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="Museum">CSCA</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode id="42F540CCFF805E24FCA65FD47699FE50" box="[857,935,441,467]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:1013" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:1013" name="Essig Museum of Entomology" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="University or college">EMEC</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode id="42F540CCFF805E24FC4E5FD476CCFE50" box="[945,1010,441,467]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34797" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34797" name="Illinois Natural History Survey" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">INHS</collectionCode>
|
||
JT
|
||
<collectionCode id="42F540CCFF805E24FBDC5FD4714AFE50" box="[1059,1140,441,467]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" name="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="Museum">LACM</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode id="42F540CCFF805E24FB815FD471D6FE50" box="[1150,1256,441,467]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
|
||
PR
|
||
<collectionCode id="42F540CCFF805E24FAE15FD47057FE50" box="[1310,1385,441,467]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/66ra-d50z" name="The Packer Collection at York University" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="University or college">PCYU</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode id="42F540CCFF805E24FA8C5FD470A2FE50" box="[1395,1436,441,467]" country="Thailand" name="Paleontological Collections" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">PW</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode id="42F540CCFF805E24FF685FB075D8FE74" box="[151,230,477,503]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y0m7-ndws" name="Patuxent Wildlife Research Center" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">PWRC</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode id="42F540CCFF805E24FF105FB0747EFE74" box="[239,320,477,503]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/gayt-20cg" name="Royal British Columbia Museum" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="Museum">RBCM</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode id="42F540CCFF805E24FEB65FB074A9FE74" box="[329,407,477,503]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m6b1-7k8z" name="Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">RMBL</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode id="42F540CCFF805E24FE5F5FB074DEFE74" box="[416,480,477,503]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34778" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34778" name="Royal Ontario Museum" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="Museum">ROM</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode id="42F540CCFF805E24FE175FB0771DFE74" box="[488,547,477,503]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7sv4-pazk" name="Royal Scottish Museum" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">RSM</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode id="42F540CCFF805E24FDD35FB07744FE74" box="[556,634,477,503]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">RUAC</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode id="42F540CCFF805E24FD7C5FB077F1FE74" box="[643,719,477,503]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34264" name="University of Kansas - Biodiversity Institute" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="Museum">SEMC</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode id="42F540CCFF805E24FD275FB07627FE74" box="[728,793,477,503]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/77v7-7va6" name="University of Alaska Museum" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="Museum">UAM</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode id="42F540CCFF805E24FCDD5FB07663FE74" box="[802,861,477,503]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nw7q-krra" name="University of California, Davis" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">UCD</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode id="42F540CCFF805E24FC995FB076F0FE74" box="[870,974,477,503]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">UCMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode id="42F540CCFF805E24FC285FB0712AFE74" box="[983,1044,477,503]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34783" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34783" name="University of Guelph" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">UOG</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode id="42F540CCFF805E24FBE35FB0718BFE74" box="[1052,1205,477,503]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">WRMEYPM</collectionCode>
|
||
), with
|
||
<specimenCount id="32E21380FF805E24FAFC5FB070A3FE74" box="[1283,1437,477,503]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="generic">27 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
barcoded.A record for Bartlett Bay plotted for Ellesmere Island by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4075A5F8FF805E24FC805C6C714CFD98" author="Williams" box="[895,1138,513,539]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Williams" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" refId="ref51722" refString="Williams, P. H., Thorp, R. W., Richardson, L. L. & Colla, S. R. (2014) Bumble bees of North America. An identification guide. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 208 pp." type="book" year="2014">
|
||
Williams
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF805E24FC155C6F7124FD98" box="[1002,1050,513,539]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2014)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
is corrected here to Alaska from revised information on the location of this site (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4075A5F8FF805E24FCFF5C4876F9FDBC" author="Mackovjak" box="[768,967,549,575]" firstAuthor="Mackovjak" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" refId="ref46005" refString="Mackovjak, J. (2010) Navigating troubled waters: part 1: a history of commercial fishing in Glacier Bay, Alaska. United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Gustavus, Alaska. [unkown pagination]" type="book" year="2010">Mackovjak 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The records of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3E4A38AFF805E24FB725C4B75DCFDE0" authority="in Milliron (1973)" authorityName="in Milliron" authorityYear="1973" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balteatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF805E24FB725C4B7028FDBC" box="[1165,1302,549,575]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">B. balteatus</emphasis>
|
||
in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4075A5F8FF805E24FAC05C4875DCFDE0" author="Milliron" firstAuthor="Milliron" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="81 - 237" refId="ref46901" refString="Milliron, H. E. (1973) A monograph of the western hemisphere bumblebees (Hymenoptera: Apidae; Bombinae). II. The genus Megabombus subgenus Megabombus. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada, 89, 81 - 237. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / entm 10589 fv" type="journal article" year="1973">Milliron (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Alaska and northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5CF39899FF805E24FDEE5C24775BFDE0" box="[529,613,585,611]" name="Canada" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
||
are believed to be misidentifications of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3E4A38AFF805E24FBD55C27718DFDE0" box="[1066,1203,585,611]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kirbiellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF805E24FBD55C27718DFDE0" box="[1066,1203,585,611]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">B. kirbiellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Six dark specimens (#1618, 3763‒3766, 4250) from the far north of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5CF39899FF805E24FD425C00762FFD04" box="[701,785,621,647]" name="Canada" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
||
at Lake Hazen (Ellesmere Island), from samples taken in 1961, 1967, and 2010, have been identified here as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3E4A38AFF805E24FD155CFF764BFD28" box="[746,885,657,683]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kirbiellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF805E24FD155CFF764BFD28" box="[746,885,657,683]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">B. kirbiellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The nearest known populations of this species, probably on the Boothia Peninsula of Nunavut (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4075A5F8FF805E24FD495CD87601FD4C" author="Curtis" box="[694,831,692,719]" firstAuthor="Curtis" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" refId="ref41860" refString="Curtis, J. (1835) Insects. Descriptions, etc. of the insects brought home by Commander James Clark Ross, R. N., F. R. S. & c. In: J. Ross, Appendix to the narrative of a second voyage in search of a North-West Passage, and of a residence in the arctic regions during the years 1829, 1830, 1831, 1832, 1833, Baudry, London, pp. lix-lxxx." type="journal volume" year="1835">Curtis 1835</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), appear to be distantly disjunct. This apparent gap is curious.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3E4A38AFF805E24FF075CB474FDFD70" box="[248,451,729,755]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kirbiellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF805E24FF075CB474FDFD70" box="[248,451,729,755]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Bombus kirbiellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was not recorded from Lake Hazen either by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4075A5F8FF805E24FC3B5CB471CEFD77" author="Milliron and Oliver" box="[964,1264,729,756]" firstAuthor="Milliron" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="207 - 213" refId="ref46959" refString="Milliron, H. E. & Oliver, D. R. (1966) Bumblebees from northern Ellesmere Island, with observations on usurpation by Megabombus hyperboreus (Schonh.) (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Canadian Entomologist, 98, 207 - 213. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 98207 - 2" type="journal article" year="1966">Milliron and Oliver (1966)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
or by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4075A5F8FF805E24FAC65CB475D8FC94" author="Richards" firstAuthor="Richards" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="115 - 157" refId="ref48995" refString="Richards, K. W. (1973) Biology of Bombus polaris Curtis and B. hyperboreus Schonherr at Lake Hazen, Northwest Territories (Hymenoptera: Bombini). Quaestiones entomologicae, 9, 115 - 157." type="journal article" year="1973">Richards (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The species may be rare in northern Nunavut. The colour pattern from Lake Hazen has a dark side to the thorax, similar to some Old World individuals of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3E4A38AFF805E24FD3E5D4F7679FCB8" authorityName="in Milliron" authorityYear="1973" box="[705,839,801,827]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balteatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF805E24FD3E5D4F7679FCB8" box="[705,839,801,827]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">B. balteatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and is less easy to distinguish from the locally more abundant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3E4A38AFF805E24FEF95D2B744AFCDC" box="[262,372,837,863]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="polaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF805E24FEF95D2B744AFCDC" box="[262,372,837,863]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">B. polaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This difference in colour pattern from their relatives further south in the New World makes a recent introduction from the southern population a less likely explanation of the apparently isolated Lake Hazen population. Alternatively these northern bees could be a relic from a darker population that was once more widespread during a previous warm interglacial period.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="245BD809FF805E24FF385DB977D6FBFC" blockId="36.[151,1437,153,1296]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF805E24FF385DB974CAFC6C" bold="true" box="[199,500,980,1007]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Habitat and distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Flower-rich arctic/alpine tundra and subalpine meadows in the New World excluding
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5CF39899FF805E24FF3D5D947404FB90" box="[194,314,1017,1043]" name="Greenland" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Greenland</collectingCountry>
|
||
, north to the Boothia Peninsula as well as disjunctly in Ellesmere Island and east to Newfoundland, extending southwards into the subarctic region in the Aleutian Islands and Hudson Bay, and in the alpine zone of the southern Rocky and Californian Sierra Nevada mountains. Regional distribution maps (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4075A5F8FF805E24FB935A2C7033FBD8" author="Milliron" box="[1132,1293,1089,1115]" firstAuthor="Milliron" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="81 - 237" refId="ref46901" refString="Milliron, H. E. (1973) A monograph of the western hemisphere bumblebees (Hymenoptera: Apidae; Bombinae). II. The genus Megabombus subgenus Megabombus. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada, 89, 81 - 237. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / entm 10589 fv" type="journal article" year="1973">Milliron 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4075A5F8FF805E24FAE65A2C75ECFBFC" author="Thorp" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Thorp" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="1 - 79" refId="ref50543" refString="Thorp, R. W., Horning, D. S. & Dunning, L. L. (1983) Bumble bees and cuckoo bumble bees of California (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Bulletin of the California Insect Survey, 23, i-viii + 1 - 79." type="journal article" year="1983">
|
||
Thorp
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF805E24FA9B5A2F70A3FBD8" box="[1380,1437,1089,1115]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1983
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4075A5F8FF805E24FF215A0874D7FBFC" author="Laverty & Harder" box="[222,489,1125,1151]" firstAuthor="Laverty" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="965 - 987" refId="ref45386" refString="Laverty, T. M. & Harder, L. D. (1988) The bumble bees of eastern Canada. Canadian Entomologist, 120, 965 - 987. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 120965 - 11" type="journal article" year="1988">Laverty & Harder 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4075A5F8FF805E24FE0B5A0877E2FBFC" author="Williams" box="[500,732,1125,1151]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Williams" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" refId="ref51722" refString="Williams, P. H., Thorp, R. W., Richardson, L. L. & Colla, S. R. (2014) Bumble bees of North America. An identification guide. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 208 pp." type="book" year="2014">
|
||
Williams
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF805E24FD9F5A0B77A7FBFC" box="[608,665,1125,1151]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6CFE8B82FF805E24FF385AE476EBFA8C" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="245BD809FF805E24FF385AE476EAFB20" blockId="36.[151,1437,153,1296]" box="[199,980,1161,1187]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF805E24FF385AE47465FB20" bold="true" box="[199,347,1161,1187]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Food plants.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4075A5F8FF805E24FE965AE47735FB20" author="Milliron" box="[361,523,1161,1187]" firstAuthor="Milliron" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="81 - 237" refId="ref46901" refString="Milliron, H. E. (1973) A monograph of the western hemisphere bumblebees (Hymenoptera: Apidae; Bombinae). II. The genus Megabombus subgenus Megabombus. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada, 89, 81 - 237. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / entm 10589 fv" type="journal article" year="1973">Milliron 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4075A5F8FF805E24FDE95AE477E5FB20" author="Thorp" box="[534,731,1161,1187]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Thorp" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="1 - 79" refId="ref50543" refString="Thorp, R. W., Horning, D. S. & Dunning, L. L. (1983) Bumble bees and cuckoo bumble bees of California (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Bulletin of the California Insect Survey, 23, i-viii + 1 - 79." type="journal article" year="1983">
|
||
Thorp
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF805E24FD9E5AE777A4FB20" box="[609,666,1161,1187]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1983
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4075A5F8FF805E24FD185AE476F2FB20" author="Williams" box="[743,972,1161,1187]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Williams" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" refId="ref51722" refString="Williams, P. H., Thorp, R. W., Richardson, L. L. & Colla, S. R. (2014) Bumble bees of North America. An identification guide. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 208 pp." type="book" year="2014">
|
||
Williams
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF805E24FCAC5AE776B5FB20" box="[851,907,1161,1187]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="245BD809FF805E24FF385AC174D4FB4B" blockId="36.[151,1437,153,1296]" box="[199,490,1196,1224]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF805E24FF385AC17476FB44" bold="true" box="[199,328,1196,1223]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Behaviour.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4075A5F8FF805E24FEA85AC074DFFB4B" author="Hobbs" box="[343,481,1197,1224]" firstAuthor="Hobbs" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="1465 - 1470" refId="ref44337" refString="Hobbs, G. A. (1964) Ecology of species of Bombus Latr. (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in southern Alberta. I. Subgenus Alpinobombus Skor. The Canadian Entomologist, 96, 1465 - 1470. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 961465 - 11" type="journal article" year="1964">Hobbs 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="245BD809FF805E24FF385ABD76EBFA8C" blockId="36.[151,1437,153,1296]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF805E24FF385ABD7485FB68" bold="true" box="[199,443,1232,1259]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Conservation status.</emphasis>
|
||
This species has not yet been fully assessed for Red List threat status using IUCN criteria (2001).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4075A5F8FF805E24FF0F5A9874D7FA93" author="Hatfield" box="[240,489,1269,1296]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Hatfield" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" refId="ref43632" refString="Hatfield, R., Jepsen, S., Thorp, R. W., Richardson, L., Colla, S. & Foltz-Jordan, S. (2016 a) Bombus kirbiellus. The IUCN Red List of threatened species 2016. https: // doi. org / 10.2305 / IUCN. UK. 2016 - 1. RLTS. T 88088737 A 88291693. en" type="journal volume" year="2016" yearSuffix="a">
|
||
Hatfield
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF805E24FEAC5A9B74BAFA8C" box="[339,388,1269,1295]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2016a)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
have listed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3E4A38AFF805E24FD905A9B77C6FA8C" box="[623,760,1269,1295]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kirbiellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1690041BFF805E24FD905A9B77C6FA8C" box="[623,760,1269,1295]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">B. kirbiellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as ‘Data deficient’.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |