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<document id="46D0A9305D68716AFEF1E683AF909CF7" ID-CLB-Dataset="3382" ID-DOI="10.15553/c2014v691a8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fe733af9-8234-4e41-835c-5184e34202bb" ID-ISSN="2235-3658" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5715106" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1637093850637" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Castillon, Jean-Philippe &amp; Nusbaumer, Louis" docDate="2014" docId="03E987ABFF9D2114FCF9674AFE7DFC15" docLanguage="en" docName="Candollea.69.1.75-80.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Candollea 69 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FB35ED2BCB231A5F446DBDA23BDBADFC.2:Candollea.2012-2014.journal_article" docStyleId="FB35ED2BCB231A5F446DBDA23BDBADFC" docStyleName="Candollea.2012-2014.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Aloe gautieri J. - P. Castillon &amp; Nusb" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="79" masterDocId="FFD0FFD3FF9C2110FFC56520FF88FF82" masterDocTitle="Aloe gautieri J. - P. Castillon &amp; Nusb. (Xanthorrhoeaceae), a new species from the northeastern coast of Madagascar" masterLastPageNumber="80" masterPageNumber="75" pageNumber="76" updateTime="1699468751896" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
<mods:mods id="6251337B1953280C9264E86A32AE5D97" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="517B279484F639DD6C6078ECA4A4EE31">
<mods:title id="9BF14010F8055CE8397DB3EB502EB191">Aloe gautieri J. - P. Castillon &amp; Nusb. (Xanthorrhoeaceae), a new species from the northeastern coast of Madagascar</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="8BDD9635E4A53567AC2C67046D797106" type="personal">
<mods:role id="BDBF4E76434D6D7A4FE7E1BB9D78C776">
<mods:roleTerm id="776D429D43F04ACA637CB64CA190E96C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="ACB99AE3E3B34405471BD825522740AE">Castillon, Jean-Philippe</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="268158B4DED5AB623D0F6A3BF2AFD920">IUT de Saint-Pierre, Université de la Réunion, rue des Capucins 1, 97427 L’Etang-Salé-les-Bains, la Réunion, France.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="5732CEDA16893E85763BDCB76636CBFE" type="email">jp.castillon@wanadoo.fr</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="05FAE43BEADC4F80A5BEAEB8739BADBE" type="personal">
<mods:role id="202CC77A38F945D8A169461F3CE4821A">
<mods:roleTerm id="AE996B1EA65D69A6E6DCD4A64961E10F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="22E0BB12A1C9465E37772EAC0696C6E7">Nusbaumer, Louis</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="EEF4FD970B0C75C4DF7BCD8A70140081">Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève and Université de Genève, Laboratoire universitaire Systématique végétale et Biodiversité, CP 60, 1292 Chambésy, Switzerland.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="9F623B11C2ED4F10A701F451A2BC4477">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="7F0DD9297CCDC966DD9F133D7C19D0DF" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="2170CF4B0BD7DC036BEE134A0AC1D4B3">
<mods:title id="0E97FB6B0DC4C9D5584428B680F80333">Candollea</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="3263279045921162B64B28508EF96EBB">
<mods:date id="9ED041A930B32D298B5720EB86A82FE5">2014</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="A73F20926197EBE4CB96275B6E916CFA" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="590DF25AF290EB5A3689D8BF36690D03">2014-07-01</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="DBF0192BF46FABA983601408938CC0F2" type="volume">
<mods:number id="52E2CD69146BC4330010D10AA81C14CA">69</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="6CA154EAD517FE948062C87D7BBCE9B2" type="issue">
<mods:number id="F0F100509E917F4D3C3ED5B3791D1157">1</mods:number>
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<mods:extent id="3E4068FB9A22AF1506E997F897C0C20D" unit="page">
<mods:start id="D9589B0AC5F34AED1B0BDEDC95AD4295">75</mods:start>
<mods:end id="E722F065EDA5DC6C91ABD9DDA90C7B79">80</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="A6CD62D73CD5DEE37C78D9255DCF1359">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="C8C70495F0EA01568604AA69E7EA5AAB" type="CLB-Dataset">3382</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="CD541FD647BC4853ECDC42040EB792B6" type="DOI">10.15553/c2014v691a8</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="6BCA374328DC4E39A88E6DEEFA8D0AE0" type="GBIF-Dataset">fe733af9-8234-4e41-835c-5184e34202bb</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="61A0C2712FA483788A13C52899B32681" type="ISSN">2235-3658</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="EEF00AA8AC431BC13327E3A9061B9CE0" type="Zenodo-Dep">5715106</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03E987ABFF9D2114FCF9674AFE7DFC15" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5715108" ID-GBIF-Taxon="190311067" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5715108" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E987ABFF9D2114FCF9674AFE7DFC15" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E987ABFF9D2114FCF9674AFE7DFC15" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="1" pageNumber="76">
<subSubSection id="C35A6536FF9D2111FCF9674AFA4EFD00" box="[828,1478,618,642]" pageId="1" pageNumber="76" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BFF36BDFF9D2111FCF9674AFA4EFD00" blockId="1.[828,1478,618,642]" box="[828,1478,618,642]" pageId="1" pageNumber="76">
<heading id="D0B781D1FF9D2111FCF9674AFA4EFD00" box="[828,1478,618,642]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="76" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="4C404D3EFF9D2111FCF9674AFB44FD00" ID-CoL="C3N7" authority="J.-P. Castillon &amp; Nusb" box="[828,1228,618,642]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gautieri">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9D2111FCF9674AFC45FD00" bold="true" box="[828,973,618,642]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="76">Aloe gautieri</emphasis>
J.-P. Castillon &amp; Nusb
</taxonomicName>
.,
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9D2111FB1F674AFAD9FD00" bold="true" box="[1242,1361,618,642]" pageId="1" pageNumber="76">spec. nova</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="137B2A38FF9D2111FAA5674AFA30FD00" box="[1376,1464,618,642]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="2.[118,145,1279,1299]" captionStartId-1="3.[103,128,1524,1544]" captionTargetBox-0="[118,768,280,1261]" captionTargetBox-1="[103,1478,281,1507]" captionTargetId-0="figure-676@2.[126,760,305,1236]" captionTargetId-1="figure-14@3.[215,1367,294,1493]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionText-0="Fig. 1. – Aloe gautieri J.-P. Castillon &amp; Nusb. A. Whole flowering plant; B. Fruit. [A: Gautier &amp; al. 4272, G] [Drawing: C. Chatelain]" captionText-1="Fig. 2. – Aloe gautieri J.-P. Castillon &amp; Nusb. A. Inflorescence; B. Stem and leaves; C. Whole flowering plant; D. Detail of one flower, stamen and ovary. [A: Ranirison 607, G] [Photos: A: P. Ranirison; B-D: J.-P. Castillon]" figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5715110" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5715112" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5715110/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5715112/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="76">Fig. 1-2</figureCitation>
).
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35A6536FF9D2111FCA767B2FC4EFCA9" pageId="1" pageNumber="76" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BFF36BDFF9D2111FCA767B2FC4EFCA9" blockId="1.[866,1479,658,811]" pageId="1" pageNumber="76">
<materialsCitation id="3B283CE0FF9D2111FCA767B2FC4AFCA9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3409017302" collectingDate="2003-03-08" collectionCode="G, P, MO, PRE, TAN" collectorName="Gautier &amp; Wohlhauser &amp; Nusbaumer" country="Madagascar" county="Daraina" location="Vohemar" municipality="Vohemar" pageId="1" pageNumber="76" specimenCode="G00007131" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Antsiranana" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9D2111FCA767B2FAB4FD28" bold="true" box="[866,1340,658,682]" pageId="1" pageNumber="76">
<typeStatus id="54FB881FFF9D2111FCA767B2FC25FD28" box="[866,941,658,682]" pageId="1" pageNumber="76">Typus</typeStatus>
:
<collectingCountry id="F357762DFF9D2111FC7C67B2FBDAFD2B" box="[953,1106,658,682]" name="Madagascar" pageId="1" pageNumber="76">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
. Prov.
<collectingRegion id="4984F85FFF9D2111FB6767B2FABFFD28" box="[1186,1335,658,682]" country="Madagascar" name="Antsiranana" pageId="1" pageNumber="76">Antsiranana</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
sous-préfecture de
<collectingMunicipality id="6B9BACC7FF9D2111FC746792FB9AFD48" box="[945,1042,690,714]" pageId="1" pageNumber="76">Vohemar</collectingMunicipality>
, commune rurale de
<collectingCounty id="629E4E31FF9D2111FB2A6792FACEFD48" box="[1263,1350,690,714]" pageId="1" pageNumber="76">Daraina</collectingCounty>
,
<date id="FFFE107DFF9D2111FA946792FA4AFD48" box="[1361,1474,690,714]" pageId="1" pageNumber="76" value="2003-03-08">
<collectingDate id="EFBAE995FF9D2111FA946792FA4AFD48" box="[1361,1474,690,714]" pageId="1" pageNumber="76" value="2003-03-08">8.III. 2003</collectingDate>
</date>
, fl.,
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9D2111FC5567F3FAE6FD69" box="[912,1390,723,747]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="76">
<collectorName id="26B5536BFF9D2111FC5567F3FC6CFD69" box="[912,996,723,747]" pageId="1" pageNumber="76">Gautier</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26B5536BFF9D2111FC3D67F3FBF0FD69" box="[1016,1144,723,747]" pageId="1" pageNumber="76">Wohlhauser</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26B5536BFF9D2111FB6967F3FAA0FD69" box="[1196,1320,723,747]" pageId="1" pageNumber="76">Nusbaumer</collectorName>
4272
</emphasis>
(holo-:
<collectionCode id="ED51AE78FF9D2111FCA767D3FCFDFC89" box="[866,885,755,779]" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="1" pageNumber="76" type="Herbarium">G</collectionCode>
[
<specimenCode id="DBE69EC6FF9D2111FC4767D3FB85FC89" box="[898,1037,755,779]" collectionCode="G" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="1" pageNumber="76" type="Herbarium">G00007131</specimenCode>
]!; iso-:
<collectionCode id="ED51AE78FF9D2111FB9367D3FBE4FC89" box="[1110,1132,755,779]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="1" pageNumber="76" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
!,
<collectionCode id="ED51AE78FF9D2111FBB967D3FB38FC89" box="[1148,1200,755,779]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="1" pageNumber="76" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
!,
<collectionCode id="ED51AE78FF9D2111FB7B67D3FB79FC89" box="[1214,1265,755,779]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="1" pageNumber="76" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED51AE78FF9D2111FB3967D3FABBFC89" box="[1276,1331,755,779]" country="Madagascar" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" name="Parc de Tsimbazaza" pageId="1" pageNumber="76" type="Herbarium">TAN</collectionCode>
, herbarium of Daraina)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35A6536FF9D2112FCA7661BFE67FA13" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="77" pageId="1" pageNumber="76" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BFF36BDFF9D2111FCA7661BFB3BFC76" blockId="1.[865,1478,827,1012]" pageId="1" pageNumber="76">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9D2111FCA7661BFB3BFC76" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="76">
Floribus,
<taxonomicName id="4C404D3EFF9D2111FC08661BFACAFCD1" authority="Lavranos &amp; Roeoesli" authorityName="Lavranos &amp; Roeoesli" box="[973,1346,827,851]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fragilis">Aloe fragilis Lavranos &amp; Roeoesli</taxonomicName>
cognata est sed ab ista specie: habitu caulescente, caule
<quantity id="4CB89B58FF9D2111FA88667BFA01FCF1" box="[1357,1417,859,883]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
diam usque ad
<quantity id="4CB89B58FF9D2111FC09665BFB87FC11" box="[972,1039,891,915]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="76" unit="cm" value="35.0">35 cm</quantity>
longo, surculos emittente ad basim vel supra caulem; foliis alternis, raro rosulatis, brevioribus, tenuioribus (
<quantity id="4CB89B58FF9D2111FC34669CFBB8FC56" box="[1009,1072,956,980]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
) et
<quantity id="4CB89B58FF9D2111FB9E669CFB11FC56" box="[1115,1177,956,980]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
crassis, basi planis postea canaliculatis, praecipue differt.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFF36BDFF9D2111FCA76124FB77F821" blockId="1.[826,1479,1028,1955]" pageId="1" pageNumber="76">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9D2111FCA76124FC13FB9E" box="[866,923,1028,1052]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="76">Plant</emphasis>
perennial, herbaceous, caulescent growing in tuft, 8- 15 stems per tuft; bulbils and roots on the lower leafless part of the stem; stem up to
<quantity id="4CB89B58FF9D2111FBF26164FBF1FBDE" box="[1079,1145,1092,1116]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="76" unit="cm" value="35.0">35 cm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="4CB89B58FF9D2111FB7E6164FB70FBDE" box="[1211,1272,1092,1116]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
thick.
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9D2111FA846164FA03FBDE" box="[1345,1419,1092,1116]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="76">Leaves</emphasis>
up to 13 per stem, cauline, dispersed along the stem, spirally arranged, alternate, spreading, with sheath
<quantity id="4CB89B58FF9D2111FB3961A5FAB8FB1F" box="[1276,1328,1157,1181]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="76" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
long and with some reddish nerves; narrowly linear lanceolate,
<quantity id="4CB89B58FF9D2111FAF36185FA04FB3F" box="[1334,1420,1189,1213]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="14.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="76" unit="cm" value="9.5" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="5.0">5-14 cm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="4CB89B58FF9D2111FCF961E5FCF3FB5F" box="[828,891,1221,1245]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
wide, ±
<quantity id="4CB89B58FF9D2111FC1E61E5FB92FB5F" box="[987,1050,1221,1245]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
thick, apically ± obtuse with 2-4 white teeth; upper surface green, with many irregular white spots, generally flat at base and canaliculate higher up; lower surface convex with identical white spots; margin armed with small white teeth,
<quantity id="4CB89B58FF9D2111FC306066FBB8FADC" box="[1013,1072,1350,1374]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="4CB89B58FF9D2111FBB46066FB49FADC" box="[1137,1217,1350,1374]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="1.0">1-5 mm</quantity>
apart; leaf exudate straw yellow on the fresh turning darker yellow when dry.
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9D2111FAA96047FC09FA1D" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="76">Inflorescences</emphasis>
simple, 1 per stem,
<quantity id="4CB89B58FF9D2111FB8A60A7FB39FA1D" box="[1103,1201,1415,1439]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="76" unit="cm" value="35.0" valueMax="45.0" valueMin="25.0">25-45 cm</quantity>
long, erect; peduncle slender and straight, green,
<quantity id="4CB89B58FF9D2111FBF06087FBF9FA3D" box="[1077,1137,1447,1471]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
thick, the first half without sterile bracts, then 4-5 triangular acute bracts 6 X
<quantity id="4CB89B58FF9D2111FA8760E7FA0DFA5D" box="[1346,1413,1479,1503]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
,
<quantity id="4CB89B58FF9D2111FA5560E7FA4EFA5D" box="[1424,1478,1479,1503]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="76" unit="cm" value="3.0">3 cm</quantity>
apart, white, scarious, with a central brown nerve in the upper portion; raceme elongated
<quantity id="4CB89B58FF9D2111FB966328FB3EF9A2" box="[1107,1206,1544,1568]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="76" unit="cm" value="14.0" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="10.0">10-18 cm</quantity>
long, bearing 10-25 flowers loosely arranged and a tuft of sterile bracts at the top.
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9D2111FA5C6308FC12F9E2" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="76">Floral bract</emphasis>
5 X
<quantity id="4CB89B58FF9D2111FC096368FB84F9E2" box="[972,1036,1608,1632]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
, triangular, white, scarious, with a central greenish to maroon nerve, partly sheathing the pedicel.
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9D2111FA486349FCD4F923" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="76">Pedicel</emphasis>
<quantity id="4CB89B58FF9D2111FCA063A9FC42F923" box="[869,970,1673,1697]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="8.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="7.0">7-10 mm</quantity>
long, pink at base, becoming greenish white.
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9D2111FCF96389FC1BF943" box="[828,915,1705,1729]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="76">Flowers</emphasis>
slightly curved; perianth 25 X
<quantity id="4CB89B58FF9D2111FB1F6389FA92F943" box="[1242,1306,1705,1729]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
, obconic at base to
<quantity id="4CB89B58FF9D2111FC9263E9FC1DF963" box="[855,917,1737,1761]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
, then nearly cylindrical, pink for the first
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, then white with central green nerves at the apex. Outer
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9D2111FA9563CAFA18F880" box="[1360,1424,1770,1794]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="76">tepals</emphasis>
connate for half of the perianth length; filaments white, light yellow-green at the apex, curved above the ovary, then straight, included or as long as the perianth; style light yellow-green, included.
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9D2111FC62624BFC62F801" box="[935,1002,1899,1923]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="76">Ovary</emphasis>
3 X
<quantity id="4CB89B58FF9D2111FBD8624BFBF9F801" box="[1053,1137,1899,1923]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
, olive-green.
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9D2111FAC0624BFAB4F801" box="[1285,1340,1899,1923]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="76">Fruit</emphasis>
, a 6 X
<quantity id="4CB89B58FF9D2111FA4D624BFA4FF801" box="[1416,1479,1899,1923]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
globose and dehiscent green-grey capsule.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF3F6635FF9E2112FFB361DFFD99FAB1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5715110" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5715110" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5715110/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" startId="2.[118,145,1279,1299]" targetBox="[118,768,280,1261]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="8BFF36BDFF9E2112FFB361DFFD99FAB1" blockId="2.[118,770,1278,1332]" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9E2112FFB361DFFF3EFA91" bold="true" box="[118,182,1279,1299]" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">Fig. 1. –</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C404D3EFF9E2112FF7961DFFEAEFA91" box="[188,294,1279,1299]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gautieri">Aloe gautieri</taxonomicName>
J.-P. Castillon &amp; Nusb.
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9E2112FE2061DFFE70FA91" bold="true" box="[485,504,1279,1299]" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">A.</emphasis>
Whole flowering plant;
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9E2112FD0761DFFD5AFA91" bold="true" box="[706,722,1279,1299]" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">B.</emphasis>
Fruit. [
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9E2112FFB96000FF07FAB6" bold="true" box="[124,143,1312,1332]" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">A:</emphasis>
Gautier &amp; al. 4272, G] [Drawing: C. Chatelain]
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BFF36BDFF9E2112FF596059FE67FA13" blockId="2.[156,495,1401,1425]" box="[156,495,1401,1425]" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9E2112FF596059FE9CFA13" box="[156,276,1401,1425]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">Phenology.</emphasis>
– February to April.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35A6536FF9E2112FF596081FF4EF97B" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BFF36BDFF9E2112FF596081FF4EF97B" blockId="2.[117,768,1441,1785]" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9E2112FF596081FE9CFA3B" box="[156,276,1441,1465]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">Etymology.</emphasis>
– This species is named in honour of Laurent Gautier who collected the
<typeStatus id="54FB881FFF9E2112FE7760E1FE6AFA5B" box="[434,482,1473,1497]" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">type</typeStatus>
together with Sébastien Wohlhauser and LN. Laurent Gautier first gave some detailed information about the location of the
<typeStatus id="54FB881FFF9E2112FDDF6321FDC2F99B" box="[538,586,1537,1561]" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">type</typeStatus>
in the wild, and noticed the difficulty to relate this taxon to any known aloes. By his large knowledge of African and Malagasy tropical forests, taxonomy and ecological concepts, Laurent Gautier led and contributed largely to the success of the botanical research and conservation project of the Loky-Manambato region, the only place from where this new species is presently known.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35A6536FF9E2112FF596229FA5EFEF0" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="8BFF36BDFF9E2112FF596229FA5EFEF0" blockId="2.[118,769,1801,1953]" lastBlockId="2.[843,1494,280,370]" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9E2112FF596229FD96F8A3" box="[156,542,1801,1825]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">
Conservation status. –
<taxonomicName id="4C404D3EFF9E2112FE576229FD96F8A3" box="[402,542,1801,1825]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gautieri">Aloe gautieri</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
is assigned a preliminary status of Vulnerable (VU D2) following the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria (
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B4CFF9E2112FE6E6269FDA4F8E3" author="IUCN" box="[427,556,1865,1889]" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" refId="ref3309" refString="IUCN (2012). IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. 2 nd edition. IUCN Species Survival Commission, Gland &amp; Cambridge." type="book" year="2012">IUCN 2012</bibRefCitation>
, calculation following
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B4CFF9E2112FF616249FE4BF803" author="CALLMANDER, M. W. &amp; G. E &amp; SCHATZ, P. P. &amp; LOWRY II, M. O. &amp; LAIVAO, J. &amp; RAHARIMAMPIONONA, S. &amp; ANDRIAMBOLOLONERA, T." box="[164,451,1897,1921]" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" pagination="168 - 176" refId="ref3015" refString="CALLMANDER, M. W., G. E. SCHATZ, P. P. LOWRY II, M. O. LAIVAO, J. RAHARIMAMPIONONA, S. ANDRIAMBOLOLONERA, T. RAMINOSOA &amp; T. CONSIGLIO (2007). Application of IUCN Red List criteria and assessment of Priority Areas for plant conservation in Madagascar: rare and threatened Pandanaceae indicate new sites in need of protection. Oryx 42: 168 - 176." type="journal article" year="2007">CALLMANDER &amp; al., 2007</bibRefCitation>
and performed with
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B4CFF9E2112FD7D6249FF27F823" author="MOAT, J." pageId="2" pageNumber="77" refId="ref3452" refString="MOAT, J. (2012). Conservation assessment tools extension for ArcView 3. x, version 1.2. [http: // www. rbgkew. org. uk / gis / cats]." type="url" year="2012">MOAT, 2012</bibRefCitation>
). The new species has an “Extent of Occurrence” (EOO) of c.
<quantity id="4CB89B58FF9E2112FC456439FC58FEB3" box="[896,976,281,305]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" unit="km" value="100.0">100 km</quantity>
<superScript id="7C359BF5FF9E2112FC0A6438FC5FFEA4" attach="left" box="[975,983,280,294]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">2</superScript>
, an “Area of Occupancy” (AOO) of
<quantity id="4CB89B58FF9E2112FA9D6439FA13FEB3" box="[1368,1435,281,305]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" unit="km" value="27.0">27 km</quantity>
<superScript id="7C359BF5FF9E2112FA5E6438FA2BFEA4" attach="left" box="[1435,1443,280,294]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">2</superScript>
, and three subpopulations, only one of which is in the Loky-Manambato forests which holds a temporary protection status.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35A6536FF9E2113FCB464A2FD79F821" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="78" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BFF36BDFF9E2112FCB464A2FA5EFC22" blockId="2.[843,1494,386,928]" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9E2112FCB464A2FC3EFE18" box="[881,950,386,410]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">Notes.</emphasis>
– The closest relative of this plant is undoubtedly
<taxonomicName id="4C404D3EFF9E2112FC8E6482FC5CFE38" box="[843,980,418,442]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fragilis">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9E2112FC8E6482FC5CFE38" box="[843,980,418,442]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">Aloe fragilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="137B2A38FF9E2112FC266482FBA0FE38" box="[995,1064,418,442]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[118,143,1898,1918]" captionTargetBox="[118,1493,1265,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-14@4.[118,1493,1265,1877]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 3. – Living plant of Aloe fragilis Lavranos &amp; Röösli at the type locality of Cap Manambato, near Iharaña (Vohemar). A. Inflorescence; B. Leaves. [Photos: J.-P. Castillon]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5715114" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5715114/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
): the species has quite similar inflorescences but they are longer and more loosely arranged in
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9E2112FC8964C3FC45FE79" box="[844,973,483,507]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">
<taxonomicName id="4C404D3EFF9E2112FC8964C3FC41FE79" box="[844,969,483,507]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gautieri">A. gautieri</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Many other differences between them can be related with ecological conditions: the colour of the leaves (green for
<taxonomicName id="4C404D3EFF9E2112FC786704FBB8FDBE" box="[957,1072,548,572]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gautieri">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9E2112FC786704FBB8FDBE" box="[957,1072,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">A. gautieri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
vs. more reddish for
<taxonomicName id="4C404D3EFF9E2112FAD36704FA0AFDBE" box="[1302,1410,548,572]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fragilis">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9E2112FAD36704FA0AFDBE" box="[1302,1410,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">A. fragilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and of the flowers (paler, porcelain-coloured vs. more deeply pink coloured) might be the direct consequence of the habitat of both plants (undergrowth vs. in full sun), as well as their growth habit: elongated cauline spaced leaves vs. stemless compact rosette. Although
<taxonomicName id="4C404D3EFF9E2112FBAE67E6FB67FD5C" box="[1131,1263,710,734]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9E2112FBAE67E6FB14FD5C" box="[1131,1180,710,734]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">Aloe</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
are known to be very sensitive to ecological conditions, and the same species can have very different morphologies under different conditions (
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B4CFF9E2112FC966607FB3FFCBD" author="PERRIER DE LA BATHIE, H." box="[851,1207,807,831]" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" pagination="1 - 58" refId="ref3576" refString="PERRIER DE LA BATHIE, H. (1926). Les Lomatophyllum &amp; les Aloe de Madagascar. Mem. Soc. Linn. Normandie 1: 1 - 58." type="journal article" year="1926">PERRIER DE LA BÂTHIE, 1926: 36</bibRefCitation>
), ex-situ cultivation plants of
<taxonomicName id="4C404D3EFF9E2112FCAD6667FC5AFCDD" box="[872,978,839,863]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fragilis">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9E2112FCAD6667FC5AFCDD" box="[872,978,839,863]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">A. fragilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or
<taxonomicName id="4C404D3EFF9E2112FC306667FBEFFCDD" box="[1013,1127,839,863]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gautieri">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9E2112FC306667FBEFFCDD" box="[1013,1127,839,863]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">A. gautieri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
keep their respective growth habit (compact for the first, stemmed for the second), even if they germinate in an unusual area (in a shady zone or in full sun).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFF36BDFF9E2112FCB46690FA5FFB08" blockId="2.[842,1495,944,1162]" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">
Another morphologically closely related species,
<taxonomicName id="4C404D3EFF9E2112FAAA6690FB89FC6A" authority="Cremers" authorityName="Cremers" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guillaumetii">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9E2112FAAA6690FC2AFC6A" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">Aloe guillaumetii</emphasis>
Cremers
</taxonomicName>
from Ambilobe, can be easily distinguished by its bigger size and its very succulent erect long leaves. These three species (or four if we include
<taxonomicName id="4C404D3EFF9E2112FB116131FC7EFBCB" authority="Rauh &amp; Gerold" authorityName="Rauh &amp; Gerold" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="capmanambatoensis">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9E2112FB116131FA5CFBAB" box="[1236,1492,1041,1065]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">A. capmanambatoensis</emphasis>
Rauh &amp; Gerold
</taxonomicName>
, a bigger form of
<taxonomicName id="4C404D3EFF9E2112FB786111FAA4FBCB" box="[1213,1324,1073,1097]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fragilis">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9E2112FB786111FAA4FBCB" box="[1213,1324,1073,1097]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">A. fragilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which may be considered conspecific) have almost identical flowers and form a group of
<taxonomicName id="4C404D3EFF9E2112FC7E6152FC63FB08" box="[955,1003,1138,1162]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9E2112FC7E6152FC63FB08" box="[955,1003,1138,1162]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">Aloe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
distinct from any other Malagasy
<taxonomicName id="4C404D3EFF9E2112FA8B6152FA5FFB08" box="[1358,1495,1138,1162]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9E2112FA8B6152FAF6FB08" box="[1358,1406,1138,1162]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">Aloe</emphasis>
species.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFF36BDFF9E2112FCB461BAFBB4FA74" blockId="2.[841,1494,1178,1526]" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">
<taxonomicName id="4C404D3EFF9E2112FCB461BAFB8AFB30" box="[881,1026,1178,1202]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gautieri">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9E2112FCB461BAFB8AFB30" box="[881,1026,1178,1202]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">Aloe gautieri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is remarkable in the fact that it is the only known species of Malagasy
<taxonomicName id="4C404D3EFF9E2112FBAA619BFB17FB51" box="[1135,1183,1211,1235]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9E2112FBAA619BFB17FB51" box="[1135,1183,1211,1235]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">Aloe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that only lives in shady dense dry forests, but that does not belong to the section
<taxonomicName id="4C404D3EFF9E2112FABD61FBFBBAFA91" authority="G. D. Rowley" authorityName="G. D. Rowley" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Lomatophyllum">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9E2112FABD61FBFC15FA91" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">Lomatophyllum</emphasis>
G. D. Rowley
</taxonomicName>
(a probably monophyletic group of
<taxonomicName id="4C404D3EFF9E2112FA6161DBFA5BFA91" box="[1444,1491,1275,1299]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9E2112FA6161DBFA5BFA91" box="[1444,1491,1275,1299]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">Aloe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
thriving in forest undergrowth). Other species may be found in dry forests, but they always prefer exposed rocky places. Only two other species of
<taxonomicName id="4C404D3EFF9E2112FBAD607DFB11FAF7" box="[1128,1177,1373,1397]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9E2112FBAD607DFB11FAF7" box="[1128,1177,1373,1397]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">Aloe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20757D4FF9E2112FB64607DFB51FAF7" box="[1185,1241,1373,1397]" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(excl.
<taxonomicName id="4C404D3EFF9E2112FAE6607DFA44FAF7" box="[1315,1484,1373,1397]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="80" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Lomatophyllum">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9E2112FAE6607DFA44FAF7" box="[1315,1484,1373,1397]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">Lomatophyllum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) live exclusively in forest undergrowth:
<taxonomicName id="4C404D3EFF9E2112FB20605DFA2AFA17" authority="Bosser" authorityName="Bosser" box="[1253,1442,1405,1429]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="leandrii">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9E2112FB20605DFADCFA17" box="[1253,1364,1405,1429]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">A. leandrii</emphasis>
Bosser
</taxonomicName>
near Andasibe, and
<taxonomicName id="4C404D3EFF9E2112FC2160BDFA5EFA37" authority="Letsara, Rakotoar. &amp; Almeda" authorityName="Letsara, Rakotoar. &amp; Almeda" box="[996,1494,1437,1461]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="analavelonensis">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9E2112FC2160BDFB2DFA37" box="[996,1189,1437,1461]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">A. analavelonensis</emphasis>
Letsara, Rakotoar. &amp; Almeda
</taxonomicName>
in the Analavelona massif near
<collectingRegion id="4984F85FFF9E2112FB5C609EFB6EFA54" box="[1177,1254,1470,1494]" country="Madagascar" name="Toliara" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">Toliara</collectingRegion>
, in both cases in dense humid montane forest.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFF36BDFF9E2113FCB46326FD79F821" blockId="2.[842,1494,1542,1955]" lastBlockId="3.[100,753,1673,1955]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="78" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">
In dense forests, the conventional sexual reproduction of
<taxonomicName id="4C404D3EFF9E2112FC896307FCF5F9BD" box="[844,893,1575,1599]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9E2112FC896307FCF5F9BD" box="[844,893,1575,1599]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">Aloe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is limited by the lack of pollinators (insects, birds) and by the difficulty to disperse seeds (no wind in dense forests). Whereas the species of the section
<taxonomicName id="4C404D3EFF9E2112FB746347FADBF9FD" box="[1201,1363,1639,1663]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Lomatophyllum">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9E2112FB746347FADBF9FD" box="[1201,1363,1639,1663]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">Lomatophyllum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have skirted those difficulties by autocompatibility and zoo- and hydrochory, the three above-mentionned forest aloes have chosen another way and have promoted vegetative propagation.
<taxonomicName id="4C404D3EFF9E2112FC8E63C9FC4BF883" box="[843,963,1769,1793]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="leandrii">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9E2112FC8E63C9FC4BF883" box="[843,963,1769,1793]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">A. leandrii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
produces bulbils and has hard, wingless seeds;
<taxonomicName id="4C404D3EFF9E2112FC8E6229FB86F8A3" box="[843,1038,1801,1825]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="analavelonensis">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9E2112FC8E6229FB86F8A3" box="[843,1038,1801,1825]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="77">A. analavelonensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has anthers almost without pollen and, even by cross pollination or by hybridization, is very hard to fertilize. It’s stemless and has a star configuration: a mature plant in the middle, from where offsets grow in all directions. These offsets do not grow under the central mature plant, but at the apex of creeping stems
<quantity id="4CB89B58FF9F2113FE9963A9FE3AF923" box="[348,434,1673,1697]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="78" unit="cm" value="7.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="4.0">4-10 cm</quantity>
long. To the knowledge of the first author, this is the only
<taxonomicName id="4C404D3EFF9F2113FE4B638EFD9CF944" box="[398,532,1710,1734]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9F2113FE4B638EFE37F944" box="[398,447,1710,1734]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="78">Aloe</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingCountry id="F357762DFF9F2113FDF2638EFD31F944" box="[567,697,1710,1734]" name="Madagascar" pageId="3" pageNumber="78">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
with this adaptation.
<taxonomicName id="4C404D3EFF9F2113FEDE63F3FE27F969" box="[283,431,1747,1771]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gautieri">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9F2113FEDE63F3FE27F969" box="[283,431,1747,1771]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="78">Aloe gautieri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a long creeping stem at ground level. Buds appear anywhere on this stem, and produce ramifications with leaves at the apex. The plant extends by forming a net of creeping and rooted stems, each one terminated by cauline leaves. Only a few other
<taxonomicName id="4C404D3EFF9F2113FDEE6246FD3CF8FC" box="[555,692,1894,1918]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9F2113FDEE6246FDD7F8FC" box="[555,607,1894,1918]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="78">Aloe</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
present such a strategy for spreading via vegetative propagation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF3F6635FF9F2113FFA260D4FDFEF9AB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5715112" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5715112" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5715112/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="78" startId="3.[103,128,1524,1544]" targetBox="[103,1478,281,1507]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="8BFF36BDFF9F2113FFA260D4FDFEF9AB" blockId="3.[103,1295,1524,1577]" pageId="3" pageNumber="78">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9F2113FFA260D4FF2EF98A" bold="true" box="[103,166,1524,1544]" pageId="3" pageNumber="78">Fig. 2. –</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C404D3EFF9F2113FF6E60D4FE98F98A" box="[171,272,1524,1544]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gautieri">Aloe gautieri</taxonomicName>
J.-P. Castillon &amp; Nusb.
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9F2113FE0360D4FE51F98A" bold="true" box="[454,473,1524,1544]" pageId="3" pageNumber="78">A.</emphasis>
Inflorescence;
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9F2113FD8A60D4FDD7F98A" bold="true" box="[591,607,1524,1544]" pageId="3" pageNumber="78">B.</emphasis>
Stem and leaves;
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9F2113FD3560D4FC89F98A" bold="true" box="[752,769,1524,1544]" pageId="3" pageNumber="78">C.</emphasis>
Whole flowering plant;
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9F2113FC0760D4FC5CF98A" bold="true" box="[962,980,1524,1544]" pageId="3" pageNumber="78">D.</emphasis>
Detail of one flower, stamen and ovary. [
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9F2113FFA96335FF08F9AB" bold="true" box="[108,128,1557,1577]" pageId="3" pageNumber="78">A:</emphasis>
Ranirison 607, G] [Photos:
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9F2113FEA46335FEFDF9AB" bold="true" box="[353,373,1557,1577]" pageId="3" pageNumber="78">A:</emphasis>
P. Ranirison;
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9F2113FE276335FD8DF9AB" bold="true" box="[482,517,1557,1577]" pageId="3" pageNumber="78">B-D:</emphasis>
J.-P. Castillon]
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C35A6536FF9F2114FCA763A9FE5DFCBA" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="3" pageNumber="78" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BFF36BDFF9F2114FCA763A9FE5DFCBA" blockId="3.[826,1479,1673,1955]" lastBlockId="4.[120,772,283,919]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="3" pageNumber="78">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF9F2113FCA763A9FBE1F923" box="[866,1129,1673,1697]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="78">Distribution and ecology.</emphasis>
– “In corruptis silvis, supra humu operta saxa, orientale litore; Antsirananae provincia; Prope Darainam vicum, inter nominata flumina Loky Manambatoque”. The species is only known from three forest areas in the Daraina region between the Loky and Manambato rivers in northeast
<collectingCountry id="F357762DFF9F2113FC72620AFBBCF8C0" box="[951,1076,1834,1858]" name="Madagascar" pageId="3" pageNumber="78">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
. Only 45-50 individuals were observed among all these localities during a vegetation study of the region which included more than 54,000 records of plant occurrences in the ten main forest areas of the region over three consecutive years from 2003-2006.
<taxonomicName id="4C404D3EFF982114FE2F643BFDF9FEB1" box="[490,625,283,307]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gautieri">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF982114FE2F643BFDF9FEB1" box="[490,625,283,307]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Aloe gautieri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was observed between 350 and
<quantity id="4CB89B58FF982114FEF6641BFEFFFED1" box="[307,375,315,339]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" unit="m" value="550.0">550 m</quantity>
above sea level, in primary dry, sclerophyllous, mesophilous or even on the margin of ombrophilous forest, as well as in degraded dry vegetation or as a small shrub on ridges, but always near or on granitic rocks with little soil substrate, resulting in a water deficit during a part of the year. The canopies of the forests where it occurs reach up to
<quantity id="4CB89B58FF982114FF5164DDFF43FD97" box="[148,203,509,533]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" unit="m" value="11.0">11 m</quantity>
, with a sparse shrub and treelet layer at
<quantity id="4CB89B58FF982114FDB764DDFD12FD97" box="[626,666,509,533]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" unit="m" value="6.0">6 m</quantity>
high, and a very sparse suffrutescent layer reaching
<quantity id="4CB89B58FF982114FDF0673DFDD5FDB7" box="[565,605,541,565]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</quantity>
high. The most frequent species recorded together with
<taxonomicName id="4C404D3EFF982114FDD9671EFD2EFDD4" box="[540,678,574,598]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gautieri">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF982114FDD9671EFD2EFDD4" box="[540,678,574,598]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Aloe gautieri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in forest vegetation surveys are, in decreasing abundance:
<taxonomicName id="4C404D3EFF982114FD56677EFE45FD15" authority="Aubrev." authorityName="Aubrev." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapotaceae" genus="Mimusops" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="capuronii" variety="retusa">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF982114FD56677EFF75FD15" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Mimusops cf. capuronii</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF982114FEEA675FFEE7FD15" box="[303,367,639,663]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">retusa</emphasis>
Aubrév.
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C404D3EFF982114FE13675FFF21FD35" authority="(Pappe) Gilg" authorityName="Gilg" baseAuthorityName="Pappe" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Loganiaceae" genus="Strychnos" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="decussata">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF982114FE13675FFD22FD15" box="[470,682,639,663]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Strychnos decussata</emphasis>
(Pappe) Gilg
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C404D3EFF982114FF7667BFFE6CFD35" authority="(Tul.) Baill." authorityName="Baill." baseAuthorityName="Tul." box="[179,484,671,695]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Violaceae" genus="Rinorea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longipes">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF982114FF7667BFFEECFD35" box="[179,356,671,695]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Rinorea longipes</emphasis>
(Tul.) Baill.
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C404D3EFF982114FDD067BFFEC4FD55" authority="Leandri. When" authorityName="Leandri. When" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Cleistanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="suarezensis">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF982114FDD067BFFF1DFD55" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Cleistanthus suarezensis</emphasis>
Leandri. When
</taxonomicName>
observed in degraded dry vegetation, the species occurring with
<taxonomicName id="4C404D3EFF982114FE5B67FFFDA6FD75" box="[414,558,735,759]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gautieri">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF982114FE5B67FFFDA6FD75" box="[414,558,735,759]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Aloe gautieri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are
<taxonomicName id="4C404D3EFF982114FD9967FFFEB5FC9A" authority="A. DC." authorityName="A. DC." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Mascarenhasia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanceolata">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF982114FD9967FFFF61FC9A" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Mascarenhasia lanceolata</emphasis>
A. DC.
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C404D3EFF982114FE826620FD5FFC9A" authority="Roem. &amp; Schult." authorityName="Roem. &amp; Schult." box="[327,727,768,792]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Plectaneia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thouarsii">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF982114FE826620FD97FC9A" box="[327,543,768,792]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Plectaneia thouarsii</emphasis>
Roem. &amp; Schult.
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C404D3EFF982114FFBC6600FE5DFCBA" authority="Arenes." authorityName="Arenes." box="[121,469,800,824]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Peponidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cuspidatum">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF982114FFBC6600FEF3FCBA" box="[121,379,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Peponidium cuspidatum</emphasis>
Arènes.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35A6536FF982114FF5A6667FE7DFC15" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BFF36BDFF982114FF5A6667FE7DFC15" blockId="4.[120,772,283,919]" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<materialsCitation id="3B283CE0FF982114FF5A6667FE79FC15" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3409017301" collectingDate="2004-04-09" collectionCode="G, PRE, TAN" collectorName="de Vohemar &amp; de Daraina" country="Madagascar" county="Daraina" location="Vohemar" municipality="Vohemar" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" specimenCode="G00028420" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Antsiranana" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF982114FF5A6667FE8BFCDE" box="[159,259,839,860]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<typeStatus id="54FB881FFF982114FF5A6667FE8BFCDE" box="[159,259,839,860]" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" type="paratype">Paratypus</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
. –
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF982114FEE76667FD0BFCDE" bold="true" box="[290,643,839,860]" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
<collectingCountry id="F357762DFF982114FEE76667FE26FCD9" box="[290,430,839,860]" name="Madagascar" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
. Prov.
<collectingRegion id="4984F85FFF982114FE326667FDF7FCDE" box="[503,639,839,860]" country="Madagascar" name="Antsiranana" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Antsiranana</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
sous-préfecture de
<collectingMunicipality id="6B9BACC7FF982114FF7A6645FE9EFCF8" box="[191,278,869,890]" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Vohemar</collectingMunicipality>
, commune rurale de
<collectingCounty id="629E4E31FF982114FE186645FDA3FCF8" box="[477,555,869,890]" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Daraina</collectingCounty>
, fl.,
<date id="FFFE107DFF982114FD916645FD3CFCF8" box="[596,692,869,890]" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" value="2004-04-09">
<collectingDate id="EFBAE995FF982114FD916645FD3CFCF8" box="[596,692,869,890]" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" value="2004-04-09">9.IV.2004</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B934EAAFFF982114FD7B6645FF4CFC15" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Ranirison 607</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED51AE78FF982114FF1466A2FF6BFC15" box="[209,227,898,919]" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" type="Herbarium">G</collectionCode>
[
<specimenCode id="DBE69EC6FF982114FF2A66A2FEE4FC15" box="[239,364,898,919]" collectionCode="G" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" type="Herbarium">G00028420</specimenCode>
]!,
<collectionCode id="ED51AE78FF982114FEBB66A2FE24FC15" box="[382,428,898,919]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED51AE78FF982114FE7366A2FE62FC15" box="[438,490,898,919]" country="Madagascar" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" name="Parc de Tsimbazaza" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" type="Herbarium">TAN</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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