246 lines
30 KiB
XML
246 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document id="B6F7703963E0D1F3AD28F2E26B00BBD6" ID-CLB-Dataset="21881" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4780.2.11" ID-GBIF-Dataset="15a17e6a-ec5e-48d6-8fe1-7e1d19d07f94" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3842456" ID-ZooBank="9FCA4ABE-0840-424D-A25A-01DAE715137C" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1590392995757" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Balletto, Emilio, Barbero, Francesca, Bonelli, Simona, Casacci, Luca P. & Dapporto, Leonardo" docDate="2020" docId="03DA87B0FF858C38BFE5D137FE35FDD1" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4780.2.11.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4780 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Papilio Linnaeus 1758" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="390" masterDocId="FFE3FFC8FF848C3BBF72D707FF90FFEE" masterDocTitle="Stabilisation of some names of European butterflies (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) in their prevailing usage" masterLastPageNumber="395" masterPageNumber="387" pageNumber="388" updateTime="1698841145250" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="9C2F55FBB1204C7FCC7A450C82FDF2B5">Stabilisation of some names of European butterflies (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) in their prevailing usage</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="E0E029BCAD2AFEE54D0650FB83A75133" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="4EFC43E07C450B3AEABA315C64572D0C">Balletto, Emilio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A767E08A4D7FE2C1FFBDCD4CBD610025">Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Italy. & emilio. balletto @ unito. it; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 1168 - 2791</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3E2A436ED1424E8EE6BA485E24F5ACE9">Barbero, Francesca</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="88D4C6167395911339378D0775799EF5">Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Italy. & francesca. barbero @ unito. it; http: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2667 - 0435</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="55F6A5E0DB795E4EFD9A2B67D64470AD">Bonelli, Simona</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="33166235AD6DAC7327D3D6E221032762">Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Italy. & simona. bonelli @ unito. it; http: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5185 - 8136</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="CF417C07185F26F94D6D54680AA28688">Casacci, Luca P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9B82E2FB5AB15FADCBAB8EBAC3695710">Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Italy. & Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="2BE19D16F4C9EDE63E9AD57C49DDAB4E">Dapporto, Leonardo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A30B052D32DE907346D2B42038EC2578">ZEN lab, Department of Biology, University of Florence, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="DA5F06FA110F3CA0043CD70D2AB743A3">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="D2198D01501DD861AF0C8F3E0C2EA93A">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="7455A4AF1406B8F60177D66A5117F5B7">2020-05-25</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="2A60A25B9AAFEAE76DEAE43661DB20A2">4780</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03DA87B0FF858C38BFE5D137FE35FDD1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3854387" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164281495" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3854387" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DA87B0FF858C38BFE5D137FE35FDD1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DA87B0FF858C38BFE5D137FE35FDD1" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="390" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">
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<subSubSection id="C369652DFF858C3ABFE5D137FED9F97F" pageId="1" pageNumber="388" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BCC36A6FF858C3ABFE5D137FDBCF9A4" blockId="1.[151,1437,1583,2042]" box="[151,556,1583,1610]" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">
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<heading id="D08481CAFF858C3ABFE5D137FDBCF9A4" bold="true" box="[151,556,1583,1610]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="388" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B907EAB4FF858C3ABFE5D137FDBCF9A4" bold="true" box="[151,556,1583,1610]" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">
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[
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<taxonomicName id="4C734D25FF858C3ABFD3D128FF67F9A4" ID-CoL="6DFM" ID-ENA="7145" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[161,247,1583,1610]" class="Insecta" family="Papilionidae" genus="Papilio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="388" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B907EAB4FF858C3ABFD3D128FF67F9A4" bold="true" box="[161,247,1583,1610]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">Papilio</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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]
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<taxonomicName id="4C734D25FF858C3ABE7AD137FDBCF9A4" authority="Hubner, [1804]" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1804" box="[264,556,1584,1610]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Euchloe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="388" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ausonia">
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<emphasis id="B907EAB4FF858C3ABE7AD137FEF8F9A4" bold="true" box="[264,360,1584,1610]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">ausonia</emphasis>
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Hübner, [1804]
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCC36A6FF858C3ABFE5D154FED9F97F" blockId="1.[151,1437,1583,2042]" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">
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(Samml. europ. Schmett., Pl. Pap. 113, Figs 582, 583; text: [1806] 1: 64, no. 12)
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<materialsCitation id="3B1B3CFBFF858C3ABB6ED153FED5F97F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2625370303" country="Italy" location="Italy" pageId="1" pageNumber="388" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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LT:
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<collectingCountry id="F3647636FF858C3ABB3BD154FBEEF983" box="[1097,1150,1619,1645]" name="Italy" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">Italy</collectingCountry>
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. TD: (female
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<typeStatus id="54C88804FF858C3ABA65D154FAE9F983" box="[1303,1401,1619,1645]" pageId="1" pageNumber="388" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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by monotypy) lost
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C369652DFF858C38BFB5D19BFE35FDD1" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="390" pageId="1" pageNumber="388" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BCC36A6FF858C3ABFB5D19BFBA1F884" blockId="1.[151,1437,1583,2042]" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">
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a) The name [
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<taxonomicName id="4C734D25FF858C3ABE15D19BFE29F958" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[359,441,1692,1718]" class="Insecta" family="Papilionidae" genus="Papilio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="388" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B907EAB4FF858C3ABE15D19BFE29F958" box="[359,441,1692,1718]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">Papilio</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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]
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<taxonomicName id="4C734D25FF858C3ABEBED19BFD4AF958" authority="Hubner, [1804]" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1804" box="[460,730,1691,1718]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Euchloe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="388" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ausonia">
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<emphasis id="B907EAB4FF858C3ABEBED19BFDB5F95B" box="[460,549,1692,1717]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">ausonia</emphasis>
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Hübner, [1804]
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</taxonomicName>
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(see
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B57FF858C3ABC6AD19CFC5AF958" author="Hemming, A. F." box="[792,970,1691,1718]" pageId="1" pageNumber="388" refId="ref6166" refString="Hemming, A. F. (1937) Hubner. A bibliographical and systematic account of the entomological works of Jacob Hubner and of the supplements thereto by Carl Geyer, Gottfried Franz von Frolich and Gottlieb August Wilhelm Herrich-Schaffer. Vol. 1 & 2. Royal entomological Society, London, xxxiv + 605 pp. & 274 pp." type="book" year="1937">Hemming 1937</bibRefCitation>
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) was published on Pl. 113 of Papiliones, as caption to Figs 582 and 583. In the (very partial) text of the ‘Sammlung’, which appeared only in [1805-6], we are informed (p. 65) that the depicted specimen came from ‘Italien’ and was preserved under the name “Ausonia” in Abbot Mazzola’s collection. Together with Schiffermüller’s collection and many other materials, Ab. Vincenz Mazzola’s collection, bequeathed to the Naturhistorisches Museum (Vienna), was destroyed in the
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<date id="FFCD1066FF858C3ABA73D02CFA0CF8A8" box="[1281,1436,1835,1862]" pageId="1" pageNumber="388" value="1848-10">October 1848</date>
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bombardment of the centre of Vienna and ensuing fire (see
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B57FF858C3ABC42D057FBB4F884" author="Horn, W. & Kahle, I. & Friese, G. & Gaedicke, R." box="[816,1060,1871,1898]" pageId="1" pageNumber="388" refId="ref6504" refString="Horn, W., Kahle, I., Friese, G. & Gaedicke, R. (1990) Collectiones entomologicae. Ein Kompendium uber den Verbleib entomologischer Sammlungen der Welt bis 1960. Vols. 1 - 2. Akademie der Landwirtschaftswissenschaften der DDR, Berlin, 53 pp. 128 figs., 38 pls. [pp. 1 - 220, 1 fig. & pp. 221 - 573, 38 pls., 127 figs.]" type="book" year="1990">
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Horn
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<emphasis id="B907EAB4FF858C3ABC03D057FC32F884" box="[881,930,1872,1898]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">et al</emphasis>
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. 1990: 256
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</bibRefCitation>
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||
).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCC36A6FF858C3ABFB5D073FC4AF814" blockId="1.[151,1437,1583,2042]" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">
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[Note. Hübner ([1806: 64-65]) in his text referred to Figs 416 and 582-583 as belonging to
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<taxonomicName id="4C734D25FF858C3ABBA4D073FABFF863" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1804" box="[1238,1327,1908,1933]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Euchloe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="388" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ausonia">
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<emphasis id="B907EAB4FF858C3ABBA4D073FABFF863" box="[1238,1327,1908,1933]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">ausonia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, Fig. 416 representing the male, Figs. 582-583 the female. However, only Figs 582-583 can be attributed to
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<taxonomicName id="4C734D25FF858C3ABBA4D09FFABFF85F" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1804" box="[1238,1327,1944,1969]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Euchloe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="388" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ausonia">
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<emphasis id="B907EAB4FF858C3ABBA4D09FFABFF85F" box="[1238,1327,1944,1969]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">ausonia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, since for Fig. 416 Hübner had previously used (in [1800]) the name “belia” in the caption of Pl. Pap 83. The latter specimen must be regarded as a
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<typeStatus id="54C88804FF858C3ABEE3D0E7FE78F814" box="[401,488,2016,2042]" pageId="1" pageNumber="388" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
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of
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<taxonomicName id="4C734D25FF858C3ABD7FD0E7FCD1F814" authority="Kirby, 1871" authorityName="Kirby" authorityYear="1871" box="[525,833,2015,2042]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Euchloe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="388" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="esperi">
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<emphasis id="B907EAB4FF858C3ABD7FD0E7FD24F817" box="[525,692,2016,2042]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">Euchloe esperi</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B57FF858C3ABDC9D0D8FCD1F814" author="Kirby, W. F." box="[699,833,2015,2042]" pageId="1" pageNumber="388" refId="ref7024" refString="Kirby, W. F. (1871) A synonymic catalogue of diurnal Lepidoptera. John van Voorst, London, viii + 883 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11905" type="book" year="1871">Kirby, 1871</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(see below)].
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF0C662EFF868C39BFE5D1B1FCFAF86C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3842458" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3842458" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3842458/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="389" startId="2.[151,250,1718,1743]" targetBox="[160,1421,191,1687]" targetPageId="2">
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<paragraph id="8BCC36A6FF868C39BFE5D1B1FCFAF86C" blockId="2.[151,1437,1718,1923]" pageId="2" pageNumber="389">
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||
<emphasis id="B907EAB4FF868C39BFE5D1B1FE84F921" bold="true" box="[151,276,1718,1743]" pageId="2" pageNumber="389">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
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(A). Lectotype (♂) of
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<taxonomicName id="4C734D25FF868C39BD73D1BFFC0FF921" authority="Verity, 1908" authorityName="Verity" authorityYear="1908" box="[513,927,1718,1743]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Pieris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="389" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="daplidice" subSpecies="nitida">
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||
<emphasis id="B907EAB4FF868C39BD73D1BFFD33F921" box="[513,675,1719,1743]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="389">Pieris daplidice</emphasis>
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||
race
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<emphasis id="B907EAB4FF868C39BDAED1B0FC87F921" box="[732,791,1719,1743]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="389">nitida</emphasis>
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||
Verity, 1908
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</taxonomicName>
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||
: (d) dorsal (v) ventral (MZUF). (B). Neotype (♀) of [
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<taxonomicName id="4C734D25FF868C39BFCED1DCFE97F91D" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[188,263,1755,1779]" class="Insecta" family="Papilionidae" genus="Papilio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="389" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B907EAB4FF868C39BFCED1DCFE97F91D" box="[188,263,1755,1779]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="389">Papilio</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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]
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<taxonomicName id="4C734D25FF868C39BE64D1DBFD9DF91D" authority="Hubner, [1804]" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1804" box="[278,525,1754,1779]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Euchloe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="389" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ausonia">
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<emphasis id="B907EAB4FF868C39BE64D1DBFEF6F91D" box="[278,358,1756,1779]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="389">ausonia</emphasis>
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Hübner, [1804]
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</taxonomicName>
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: (d) dorsal (v) ventral) (MZUF). (C). Centre: Original Freyer’s sealed box containing the Neotype (♂) of
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<taxonomicName id="4C734D25FF868C39BE48D007FDE1F8F9" authority="Freyer, 1829" authorityName="Freyer" authorityYear="1829" box="[314,625,1791,1815]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Pontia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="389" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simplonia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB4FF868C39BE48D007FE79F8F9" box="[314,489,1791,1815]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="389">Pontia simplonia</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B57FF868C39BE9DD1F8FDE1F8F9" author="Freyer, C. F." box="[495,625,1791,1815]" pageId="2" pageNumber="389" pagination="49 - 96" refId="ref5833" refString="Freyer, C. F. (1829) Beitrage zur Geschichte der europaischer Schmetterlinge, mit Abbildungen nach der Natur. 2 Ban d. Bei Verfasser Lit H., in Commission bei den I. Wolff'schen Buchhandlung, Augsburg, 166 pp., pls. 49 - 96." type="book chapter" year="1829">Freyer, 1829</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(bottom right), together with a female of the same species (top left); Left: electronically extracted enlargement of the Neotype (♂) (d) dorsal (JME). (D). Lectotype (♂) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D25FF868C39BB22D024FA10F8D5" authority="Butler, 1869" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1869" box="[1104,1408,1826,1851]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Euchloe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="389" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crameri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB4FF868C39BB22D024FB6AF8D5" box="[1104,1274,1827,1851]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="389">Euchloe crameri</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B57FF868C39BA73D025FA10F8D5" author="Butler, A. G." box="[1281,1408,1826,1851]" pageId="2" pageNumber="389" pagination="270 - 273" refId="ref5399" refString="Butler, A. G. (1869) Descriptions of species of Lepidoptera, confounded with others described by Linnaeus and Fabricius. The Entomologist's monthly Magazine, 5, 270 - 273." type="journal article" year="1869">Butler, 1869</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as designated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B57FF868C39BE58D041FE72F8B1" author="Rothschild, W." box="[298,482,1862,1887]" pageId="2" pageNumber="389" pagination="301 - 305" refId="ref7431" refString="Rothschild, W. (1914) A preliminary account of the Lepidopteran Fauna of Guelt-es-Stel, Central Algeria, Novitates Zoologicae, 21, 301 - 305. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 16331" type="journal article" year="1914">Rothschild (1914)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(NHMUK). (E). Lectotype (♂) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D25FF868C39BC37D040FB4FF8B1" authority="Kirby, 1871" authorityName=", Kirby" authorityYear="1871" box="[837,1247,1862,1887]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Euchloe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="389" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="ausonia" variety="esperi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB4FF868C39BC37D040FC7FF8B1" box="[837,1007,1863,1887]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="389">Euchloe ausonia</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB4FF868C39BB53D04FFBCFF8B1" box="[1057,1119,1864,1887]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="389">esperi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B57FF868C39BB14D041FB4FF8B1" author="Kirby, W. F." box="[1126,1247,1862,1887]" pageId="2" pageNumber="389" refId="ref7024" refString="Kirby, W. F. (1871) A synonymic catalogue of diurnal Lepidoptera. John van Voorst, London, viii + 883 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11905" type="book" year="1871">Kirby, 1871</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(5) (NMI). Labels relative to the illustrated specimens are shown on the right of each row.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC36A6FF878C38BFB5D79EFB0DFE41" blockId="3.[151,1437,153,575]" pageId="3" pageNumber="390">
|
||
b) Since the taxonomic interpretation of Hübner’s pictures is far from being unequivocal, because differences between adults of the 1
|
||
<superScript id="7C069BEEFF878C38BEE4D7BBFE31FF24" attach="left" box="[406,417,188,202]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="390">st</superScript>
|
||
and 2
|
||
<superScript id="7C069BEEFF878C38BE96D7BBFE64FF24" attach="left" box="[484,500,188,202]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="390">nd</superScript>
|
||
generation of both the eastern and the western ‘dappled whites’ are strong, and since truly diagnostic species-specific differences are found only in the preimaginal stages (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B57FF878C38BBF8D7E6FA94FF15" author="Back, W." box="[1162,1284,225,251]" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" pagination="225 - 243" refId="ref4912" refString="Back, W. (1979) Zur Biologie der europaischen und nord west afrikanischen Populationen von Euchloe ausonia Hubner 1804 (Lep. Pieridae). Atalanta, 10 (3), 225 - 243, figs 1 - 12." type="journal article" year="1979">Back 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and in DNA COI sequences (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B57FF878C38BE08D602FDA4FEF1" author="Back, W. & Miller, M. A. & Opler, O. A." box="[378,564,261,287]" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" pagination="1 - 14" refId="ref5008" refString="Back, W., Miller, M. A. & Opler, O. A. (2011) Genetic, phenetic, and distributional relationships of Nearctic Euchloe (Pieridae, Pierinae, Anthocharidini). Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society, 65 (1), 1 - 14. https: // doi. org / 10.18473 / lepi. v 65 i 1. a 1" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Back
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB4FF878C38BEC8D601FE62FEF1" box="[442,498,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="390">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), this name was taken to represent each of the already mentioned taxa, at various taxonomic ranks, depending on authors. More precisely, the name [
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D25FF878C38BCDBD62EFC6BFEAD" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[937,1019,297,323]" class="Insecta" family="Papilionidae" genus="Papilio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB4FF878C38BCDBD62EFC6BFEAD" box="[937,1019,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="390">Papilio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
]
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D25FF878C38BB79D62DFA83FEAD" authority="Hubner, [1804]" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1804" box="[1035,1299,296,323]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Euchloe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ausonia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB4FF878C38BB79D62DFBF4FEAD" box="[1035,1124,298,323]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="390">ausonia</emphasis>
|
||
Hübner, [1804]
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was applied either i) to the ‘western dappled white’ (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B57FF878C38BD26D64AFCA9FE89" author="Ochsenheimer, F." box="[596,825,333,359]" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" refId="ref7232" refString="Ochsenheimer, F. (1808) Die Schmetterlinge von Europa. 1 (2). G. Fleischer der Junger, Leipzig, xxx + 240 + [1] pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 50612" type="book" year="1808">Ochsenheimer 1808</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B57FF878C38BC36D64AFC6DFE89" author="Staudinger, O." box="[836,1021,333,359]" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" pagination="1 - 411" refId="ref7496" refString="Staudinger, O. (1901) Erster Theil: Famil. Papilionidae-Hepialidae. In: Staudinger, O. & Rebel, H., Catalog der Lepidopteren des Palaearktischen Faunengebietes. Dritte Auflage. R. Friedlander & Sohn, Berlin, pp. i-xxxii + 1 - 411. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 120482" type="book chapter" year="1901">Staudinger 1901</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, etc.), or ii) to the ‘mountain dappled white’ (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B57FF878C38BF9CD676FEE4FE65" author="Kirby, W. F." box="[238,372,369,395]" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" refId="ref7024" refString="Kirby, W. F. (1871) A synonymic catalogue of diurnal Lepidoptera. John van Voorst, London, viii + 883 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11905" type="book" year="1871">Kirby 1871</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B57FF878C38BEF0D676FDD0FE65" author="Rothschild, W." box="[386,576,369,395]" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" pagination="301 - 305" refId="ref7431" refString="Rothschild, W. (1914) A preliminary account of the Lepidopteran Fauna of Guelt-es-Stel, Central Algeria, Novitates Zoologicae, 21, 301 - 305. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 16331" type="journal article" year="1914">Rothschild 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B57FF878C38BD3FD676FD67FE65" author="Oberthur, C." box="[589,759,369,395]" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" pagination="51 - 61" refId="ref7207" refString="Oberthur, C. (1914) Anthocharis crameri Butler. Etudes de Lepidopterologie comparee, 10, 51 - 61. [texted]" type="journal article" year="1914">Oberthür 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B57FF878C38BC76D676FC28FE65" author="Hemming, F. A." box="[772,952,369,395]" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" pagination="493 - 504" refId="ref6087" refString="Hemming, F. A. (1931) New material regarding the dates of the plates of the Papiliones in Jacob Hubner's " Sammlung europaischer Schmetterlinge ", with notes on the synonymy and type localities of certain species described therein. Transactions of the entomological Society of London, 79 (3), 493 - 504. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1931. tb 00713. x" type="journal article" year="1931">Hemming 1931</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B57FF878C38BCB4D676FBFCFE65" author="Bernardi, G." box="[966,1132,368,395]" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" pagination="66 - 103" refId="ref5169" refString="Bernardi, G. (1945) Etudes sur le genre Euchloe Hb. (Lep. Pieridae). Miscellanea entomologica; Revue entomologique internationale, 42 (6), 66 - 103, pls. IV-VI." type="journal article" year="1945">Bernardi 1945</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B57FF878C38BB08D676FB25FE65" author="Bernardi, G." box="[1146,1205,369,395]" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" pagination="1 - 24" refId="ref5209" refString="Bernardi, G. (1947) La nomenclature de quelques formes europeennes de l' Euchloe ausonia Hb. (= belia Auct.). Miscellanea entomologica; Revue entomologique internationale, 44 (1), 1 - 24." type="journal article" year="1947">1947</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Forster & Wohlfart 1955,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B57FF878C38BFAFD692FEE8FE41" author="Higgins, L. G." box="[221,376,404,431]" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" refId="ref6364" refString="Higgins, L. G. (1975) The classification of European butterflies. Collins, London, 320 pp., 60 pls." type="book" year="1975">Higgins 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B57FF878C38BEF1D692FE2FFE41" author="Higgins, L. G." box="[387,447,405,431]" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" pagination="246" refId="ref6390" refString="Higgins, L. G. (1980) Nomenclature of the dappled whites (Lepidoptera: Pieridae). Entomologist's Gazette, 31 (4), 246." type="journal article" year="1980">1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), or finally iii) to the ‘eastern dappled white’ (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B57FF878C38BCB3D692FBDAFE41" author="Verity, R." box="[961,1098,405,431]" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" pagination="169 - 171" refId="ref7757" refString="Verity, R. (1923) The nomenclature of the European Euchloe ausonia, Hb. (= belia, Auct. nec L.). Entomologist's Record and Journal of Variation, 35 (11), 169 - 171." type="journal article" year="1923">Verity 1923</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B57FF878C38BB27D692FB01FE41" author="Verity, R." box="[1109,1169,405,431]" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" pagination="20 - 37" refId="ref7801" refString="Verity, R. (1947) Le Farfalle diurne d'Italia. Vol. 3. Divisione Papilionida, Sezione Papilionina, Famiglie Papilionidae e Pieridae. Marzocco, Firenze, xvi + 381 pp., pls. 20 - 37 + x-xiv." type="book chapter" year="1947">1947</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC36A6FF878C38BFB5D6BEFE35FDD1" blockId="3.[151,1437,153,575]" pageId="3" pageNumber="390">
|
||
Summarising, it is exclusively on the subjective interpretation of Hübner’s figures and on the derivation of its name from the land where the ancient people of the Ausoni used to live, i.e. in central and southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3647636FF878C38BB8BD6DAFABDFE19" box="[1273,1325,477,503]" name="Italy" pageId="3" pageNumber="390">Italy</collectingCountry>
|
||
, that [
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D25FF878C38BA06D6D9FF5AFDF5" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Insecta" family="Papilionidae" genus="Papilio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB4FF878C38BA06D6D9FF5AFDF5" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="390">Papilio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
]
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D25FF878C38BFA8D505FE73FDF5" authority="Hubner, [1804]" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1804" box="[218,483,512,539]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Euchloe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ausonia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB4FF878C38BFA8D505FEA3FDF5" box="[218,307,514,539]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="390">ausonia</emphasis>
|
||
Hübner, [1804]
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is now considered the correct name to identify the butterfly colloquially known as the ‘eastern dappled white’.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |