treatments-xml/data/5F/B4/71/5FB471FC6579950E549634DE7707C0A6.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697" ID-GBIF-Dataset="89be094e-6732-48a6-b5aa-74053d16f748" ID-GBIF-Taxon="189599929" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1066-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="BD84F4C3157550C9B64120B2BE53F01A" ID-ZooBank="133CE040A5AF44F1BC9A558C2F06A8AA" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1066-1" checkinTime="1635480455043" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Filander, Zoleka N., Kitahara, Marcelo V., Cairns, Stephen D., Sink, Kerry J. &amp; Lombard, Amanda T." docDate="2021" docId="5FB471FC6579950E549634DE7707C0A6" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1066: 1-198" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1066" docPubDate="2021-10-28" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697" docTitle="Endopsammia philippensis Milne-Edwards &amp; Haime 1848" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="BD84F4C3157550C9B64120B2BE53F01A" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="BD84F4C3157550C9B64120B2BE53F01A" masterDocTitle="Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="198" masterPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1635513010010" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from South Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Filander, Zoleka N.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6905-4440</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Biodiversity and Coastal Research, Oceans and Coasts, Department of Environment, Forestry, and Fisheries, Cape Town, South Africa &amp; Zoology Department, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">zfilander@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Kitahara, Marcelo V.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Departamento de Ciencias do Mar, Santos, Brazil &amp; Centro de Biologia Marinha, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Sebastiao, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Cairns, Stephen D.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Sink, Kerry J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>South African National Biodiversity Institute, Cape Town, South Africa &amp; Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Lombard, Amanda T.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number>2021-10-28</mods:number>
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<mods:number>1066</mods:number>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="189599929" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5FB471FC6579950E549634DE7707C0A6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5FB471FC6579950E549634DE7707C0A6" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<taxonomicName authority="Milne-Edwards &amp; Haime, 1848" authorityName="Milne-Edwards &amp; Haime" authorityYear="1848" class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Endopsammia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Endopsammia philippensis" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="philippensis">Endopsammia philippensis Milne-Edwards &amp; Haime, 1848</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. A, B Dendrophyllia sp. 1 (SAMC _ A 090158, off Knysna, 333 m A close-up calicular view B lateral view C, G Ednapsammia columnapriva sp. nov. C, D (SAM _ H 1441, off Mossel Bay, 212 m) C calicular view D lateral view E-G (SAMC _ A 090159, off Gouritsmond, 333 m) E calicular view F lateral view G calicular view H Enallopsammia pusilla (DSCS-INV 238, off Gouritsmond, 333 m): lateral view. I, J Enallopsammia rostrata (SAMC _ A 073270, off Port St Johns, 200 m) I close up calicular view J lateral view K, L Endopachys grayi (DEFF _ NANSEN-INV 32, off Shaka's Rock, 185 m) K calicular view L lateral view M, N Endopsammia philippensis (DIIIb 1, off Durban, 442 m) M calicular view N lateral view O, P Heteropsammia cochlea (EIe 1, locality data unknown) O calicular view P lateral view. Scale bars: 10 mm (A-C, E-I, K-P); 100 mm (D, J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/604112" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 9M, N</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Milne-Edwards &amp; Haime" authorityYear="1848" class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Endopsammia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Endopsammia philippensis" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="philippensis">Endopsammia philippensis</taxonomicName>
Milne-Edwards &amp; Haime, 1848b: 91, pl. 1, figs 5, 5A
<bibRefCitation author="Faustino, L" journalOrPublisher="Monographs, Philippine Bureau of Science 22" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B92" refString="Faustino, L, 1927. Recent Madreporaria of the Philippine Islands. Monographs, Philippine Bureau of Science 22" title="Recent Madreporaria of the Philippine Islands." year="1927">. -Faustino 1927</bibRefCitation>
: 243-244, pl. 77, figs 5, 6
<bibRefCitation author="Pillai, S" journalOrPublisher="Zoologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 83" refId="B218" refString="Pillai, S, Scheer, G, 1976. Report on the stony corals from the Maldive Archipelago. Zoologica 126: 1 - 83" title="Report on the stony corals from the Maldive Archipelago." volume="126" year="1976">. -Pillai and Scheer 1976</bibRefCitation>
: 71-72. - 
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="27 - 243" refId="B54" refString="Cairns, S, Zibrowius, H, 1997. Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris) 172: 27 - 243" title="Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions." volume="172" year="1997">Cairns and Zibrowius 1997</bibRefCitation>
: 188, fig. 28C-E. - 
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 75" refId="B44" refString="Cairns, S, 2001. A generic revision and phylogenetic analysis of the Dendrophylliidae (Cnidaria: Scleractinia). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 615: 1 - 75" title="A generic revision and phylogenetic analysis of the Dendrophylliidae (Cnidaria: Scleractinia)." volume="615" year="2001">Cairns 2001</bibRefCitation>
: 23, pls 5H, I
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="259 - 329" refId="B45" refString="Cairns, S, 2004a. The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia. Records of the Australian Museum 56: 259 - 329" title="The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia." volume="56" year="2004 a">. -Cairns 2004a</bibRefCitation>
: 316.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Gardiner" baseAuthorityYear="1899" class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Balanophyllia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Balanophyllia regularis" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="regularis">Balanophyllia regularis</taxonomicName>
. -van der 
<bibRefCitation author="Horst, van der C" journalOrPublisher="Coral Reefs" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B131" refString="Horst, van der C, 1922. The Madreporaria of the Siboga Expedition. Part III: Eupsammidae. Siboga-Expeditie 16c: 45-75." title="The Madreporaria of the Siboga Expedition. Part III: Eupsammidae. Siboga-Expeditie 16 c: 45 - 75." year="1922">Horst 1922</bibRefCitation>
: 63. -van der 
<bibRefCitation author="Horst, van der C" journalOrPublisher="Coral Reefs" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B132" refString="Horst, van der C, 1926. Madreporaria Eupsammidae. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London (Series 2, Zoology) 19(1): 43-53. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1926.tb00540.x" title="Madreporaria Eupsammidae. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London (Series 2, Zoology) 19 (1): 43 - 53. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1926. tb 00540. x" year="1926">Horst 1926</bibRefCitation>
: 50, pl. 3, figs 10, 11.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Endopsammia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Endopsammia philippinensis" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="philippinensis">Endopsammia philippinensis</taxonomicName>
. - 
<bibRefCitation author="Wells, J" journalOrPublisher="Papers from the Department of Zoology, University of Queensland" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="107 - 121" refId="B305" refString="Wells, J, 1964. Ahermatypic corals from Queensland. Papers from the Department of Zoology, University of Queensland 2: 107 - 121" title="Ahermatypic corals from Queensland." volume="2" year="1964">Wells 1964</bibRefCitation>
: 118, pl. 2, figs 12, 13. - 
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 44" refId="B36" refString="Cairns, S, 1991. A revision of the ahermatypic Scleractinia of the Galapagos and Cocos Islands. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 504: 1 - 44" title="A revision of the ahermatypic Scleractinia of the Galapagos and Cocos Islands." volume="504" year="1991">Cairns 1991</bibRefCitation>
: 26. - 
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the South African Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="213 - 292" refId="B50" refString="Cairns, S, Keller, N, 1993. New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology. Annals of the South African Museum 103 (5): 213 - 292" title="New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology." volume="103" year="1993">Cairns and Keller 1993</bibRefCitation>
: 221.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Certotrochus" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Certotrochus brunneus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="brunneus">Certotrochus brunneus</taxonomicName>
. - 
<bibRefCitation author="Boshoff, P" journalOrPublisher="Investigational Report" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 45" refId="B21" refString="Boshoff, P, 1981. An annotated checklist of southern African Scleractinia. South African Association for Marine Biological Research, Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban. Investigational Report 49: 1 - 45" title="An annotated checklist of southern African Scleractinia. South African Association for Marine Biological Research, Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban." volume="49" year="1981">Boshoff 1981</bibRefCitation>
: 36.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type locality">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Philippines, depth unknown (
<bibRefCitation author="Milne-Edwards, H" journalOrPublisher="Annales des Sciences Naturelles (Zoologie)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="65 - 114" refId="B185" refString="Milne-Edwards, H, Haime, J, 1848b. Recherches sur les Polypiers, troisieme memoire: Monographie des Eupsammides. Annales des Sciences Naturelles (Zoologie) 3 (10): 65 - 114" title="Recherches sur les Polypiers, troisieme memoire: Monographie des Eupsammides." volume="3" year="1848 b">Milne-Edwards and Haime 1848b</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The holotype is deposited at the NHMUK or MNHN (
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="27 - 243" refId="B54" refString="Cairns, S, Zibrowius, H, 1997. Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris) 172: 27 - 243" title="Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions." volume="172" year="1997">Cairns and Zibrowius 1997</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 75" refId="B44" refString="Cairns, S, 2001. A generic revision and phylogenetic analysis of the Dendrophylliidae (Cnidaria: Scleractinia). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 615: 1 - 75" title="A generic revision and phylogenetic analysis of the Dendrophylliidae (Cnidaria: Scleractinia)." volume="615" year="2001">Cairns 2001</bibRefCitation>
, 2004a).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
ORI_DIIIb1 (
<specimenCount type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
): Eastern margin, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" unit="km" value="33.0">33 km</quantity>
from Durban/
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" unit="km" value="31.0">31 km</quantity>
off Beachwood Mangroves, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="29" direction="south" minutes="55" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="00.00" value="-29.916666">29°55'00.00&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="31" direction="east" minutes="19" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="59.99" value="31.333332">31°19'59.99&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
; 
<specimenCount type="generic">
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.42" unit="m" value="442.0">442 m</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="imagery data">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Imagery data.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
SAM_H1576 (1 specimen): Eastern margin, 35 km from Port Edward/10 km off Mtentu Estuary, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="31" direction="south" minutes="18" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="00.00" value="-31.3">31°18'00.00&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="29" direction="east" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="00.00" value="29.966667">29°58'00.00&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
; depth unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Corallum conical to sub-cylindrical, relatively small, attached to substrate by a thin encrusting base. Calice circular and calicular margin lanceted. Largest specimen examined (ORI_DIIIb) 7.80 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
7.70 mm in CD, 8.20 mm in H. Epitheca thin and extending 
<normalizedToken originalValue="¾">3/4</normalizedToken>
of lower corallum. Theca near calicular margin porous and non-costate. Corallum white.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Septa hexamerally arranged in four cycles, last cycle being incomplete, according to the formula: S1 ≥ S2&gt; S3&gt; S4 (≤ 30 septa). S1 slightly exsert and reaches columella. Higher cycle septa (S2-4) progressively less exsert (if at all). S2 equal or 
<normalizedToken originalValue="¾">3/4</normalizedToken>
the width of S1. S3 being 1/4 the width of S2, sometimes rudimentary in some half-systems without S4. S4, if present, rudimentary. All septa bear dentate to slightly laciniate axial margins. Septa faces bearing spines. Fossa shallow, containing a spongy or rudimentary columella.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Regional: Eastern margin of South Africa, from north of Port Edward extending towards Durban; 442 m. Elsewhere: Philippines (
<bibRefCitation author="Milne-Edwards, H" journalOrPublisher="Annales des Sciences Naturelles (Zoologie)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="65 - 114" refId="B185" refString="Milne-Edwards, H, Haime, J, 1848b. Recherches sur les Polypiers, troisieme memoire: Monographie des Eupsammides. Annales des Sciences Naturelles (Zoologie) 3 (10): 65 - 114" title="Recherches sur les Polypiers, troisieme memoire: Monographie des Eupsammides." volume="3" year="1848 b">Milne-Edwards and Haime 1848b</bibRefCitation>
); Indonesia (
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="27 - 243" refId="B54" refString="Cairns, S, Zibrowius, H, 1997. Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris) 172: 27 - 243" title="Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions." volume="172" year="1997">Cairns and Zibrowius 1997</bibRefCitation>
); Indian Ocean islands (Maldives, Zanzibar, Seychelles, Chagos) (van der 
<bibRefCitation author="Horst, van der C" journalOrPublisher="Coral Reefs" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B132" refString="Horst, van der C, 1926. Madreporaria Eupsammidae. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London (Series 2, Zoology) 19(1): 43-53. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1926.tb00540.x" title="Madreporaria Eupsammidae. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London (Series 2, Zoology) 19 (1): 43 - 53. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1926. tb 00540. x" year="1926">Horst 1926</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation author="Pillai, S" journalOrPublisher="Zoologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 83" refId="B218" refString="Pillai, S, Scheer, G, 1976. Report on the stony corals from the Maldive Archipelago. Zoologica 126: 1 - 83" title="Report on the stony corals from the Maldive Archipelago." volume="126" year="1976">; Pillai and Scheer 1976</bibRefCitation>
); tropical Pacific Ocean; Loyalty Islands; Queensland; Papua New Guinea (
<bibRefCitation author="Wells, J" journalOrPublisher="Papers from the Department of Zoology, University of Queensland" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="107 - 121" refId="B305" refString="Wells, J, 1964. Ahermatypic corals from Queensland. Papers from the Department of Zoology, University of Queensland 2: 107 - 121" title="Ahermatypic corals from Queensland." volume="2" year="1964">Wells 1964</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="27 - 243" refId="B54" refString="Cairns, S, Zibrowius, H, 1997. Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris) 172: 27 - 243" title="Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions." volume="172" year="1997">Cairns and Zibrowius 1997</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="259 - 329" refId="B45" refString="Cairns, S, 2004a. The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia. Records of the Australian Museum 56: 259 - 329" title="The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia." volume="56" year="2004 a">; Cairns 2004a</bibRefCitation>
); 0-73 m.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Among congeners (
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Gardiner" baseAuthorityYear="1899" class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Endopsammia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Endopsammia regularis" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="regularis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Endopsammia regularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Gardiner, 1899) and 
<taxonomicName family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="E." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="E. pourtalesi" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pourtalesi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. pourtalesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Durham &amp; Barnard, 1952)), 
<taxonomicName family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="E." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="E. philippensis" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="philippensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. philippensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
closely resembles 
<taxonomicName family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="E." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="E. regularis" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="regularis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. regularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having septa hexamerally arranged in four incomplete cycles, in corallum being solitary (relatively squat), and bearing an epitheca that extends 
<normalizedToken originalValue="¾">3/4</normalizedToken>
of the corallum height. However, they differ as 
<taxonomicName family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="E." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="E. regularis" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="regularis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. regularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has exsert septa. Although 
<taxonomicName family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="E." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="E. pourtalesi" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pourtalesi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. pourtalesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also has septa arranged hexamerally in four incomplete cycles, this species is distinguished from 
<taxonomicName family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="E." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="E. philippensis" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="philippensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. philippensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its quasi-colonial coralla with slender corallites, presence of endothecal dissepiments, and bearing non-exsert septa (
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 44" refId="B36" refString="Cairns, S, 1991. A revision of the ahermatypic Scleractinia of the Galapagos and Cocos Islands. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 504: 1 - 44" title="A revision of the ahermatypic Scleractinia of the Galapagos and Cocos Islands." volume="504" year="1991">Cairns 1991</bibRefCitation>
). 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Milne-Edwards &amp; Haime" authorityYear="1848" class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Endopsammia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Endopsammia philippensis" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="philippensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Endopsammia philippensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has previously been documented in the southwest Indian Ocean (van der 
<bibRefCitation author="Horst, van der C" journalOrPublisher="Coral Reefs" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B131" refString="Horst, van der C, 1922. The Madreporaria of the Siboga Expedition. Part III: Eupsammidae. Siboga-Expeditie 16c: 45-75." title="The Madreporaria of the Siboga Expedition. Part III: Eupsammidae. Siboga-Expeditie 16 c: 45 - 75." year="1922">Horst 1922</bibRefCitation>
, 1026; 
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the South African Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="213 - 292" refId="B50" refString="Cairns, S, Keller, N, 1993. New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology. Annals of the South African Museum 103 (5): 213 - 292" title="New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology." volume="103" year="1993">Cairns and Keller 1993</bibRefCitation>
), therefore the examined 
<bibRefCitation author="Boshoff, P" journalOrPublisher="Investigational Report" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 45" refId="B21" refString="Boshoff, P, 1981. An annotated checklist of southern African Scleractinia. South African Association for Marine Biological Research, Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban. Investigational Report 49: 1 - 45" title="An annotated checklist of southern African Scleractinia. South African Association for Marine Biological Research, Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban." volume="49" year="1981">Boshoff (1981)</bibRefCitation>
material (ORI_DIIIb1) represents a species range extension further south of Zanzibar, and a new record for South Africa.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>