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<mods:title id="093FD82179CBD0F6624E82320362D72A">Review of the green lacewing genus Apochrysa Schneider (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="C3225CE6657B862CFF4CDD3CFE20FA63" box="[151,467,1391,1418]" pageId="7" pageNumber="336" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B870F6D657B862CFF4CDD3CFE20FA63" blockId="7.[151,467,1391,1454]" box="[151,467,1391,1418]" pageId="7" pageNumber="336">
<heading id="D0CFB801657B862CFF4CDD3CFE20FA63" bold="true" box="[151,467,1391,1418]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="336" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C3874EE657B862CFF4CDD3CFE20FA63" ID-CoL="67PKW" authority="(Walker)" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[151,467,1391,1418]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Apochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="336" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lutea">
<emphasis id="B94CD37F657B862CFF4CDD3CFE20FA63" bold="true" box="[151,467,1391,1418]" pageId="7" pageNumber="336">
<emphasis id="B94CD37F657B862CFF4CDD3CFEA8FA60" bold="true" box="[151,347,1391,1418]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="336">Apochrysa lutea</emphasis>
(Walker)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3225CE6657B862CFF4CDDC7FE65FA44" box="[151,406,1427,1454]" pageId="7" pageNumber="336" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B870F6D657B862CFF4CDDC7FE65FA44" blockId="7.[151,467,1391,1454]" box="[151,406,1427,1454]" pageId="7" pageNumber="336">
(
<figureCitation id="130313E8657B862CFF44DDC7FF1BFA44" box="[159,232,1428,1454]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1157,1182]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,171,1135]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,171,1135]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Apochrysa lutea (Walker) adult, Brisbane, Australia (photo: Shaun L. Winterton)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3632761" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3632761/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="336">Figs 2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="130313E8657B862CFF2FDDC7FEF7FA44" box="[244,260,1428,1454]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1030,1055]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,345,1003]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,337,1011]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 4. Wing venation of Apochrysa lutea (Walker) modified after Breitkreuz et al. (2017) with actual wing veins highlighted by different colours. Composite wing veins and cross-veins are labelled." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3632765" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3632765/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="336">4</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="130313E8657B862CFECBDDC0FEC6FA47" box="[272,309,1427,1453]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1677,1702]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,301,1657]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1437,301,1657]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Apochrysa spp.: A. Apochrysa lutea (Walker); B. Apochrysa montrouzieri (Girard) (photos: Laura Breitkreuz)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3632769" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3632769/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="336">6A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="130313E8657B862CFE9BDDC7FE97FA44" box="[320,356,1428,1454]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1426,1451]" captionTargetBox="[161,1422,319,1390]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,301,1406]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 9. Wings of Apochrysa spp.: A. Apochrysa cognata (Kimmins) (after Kimmins, 1953: fig 4); B. Apochrysa evanida Gerstaecker (drawn here from type image); C. Apochrysa leptalea (Rambur) (after Kimmins, 1952: fig. 7); D. Apochrysa lutea (Walker) (after Kimmins, 1952: fig. 2) (Note: figures not to scale and vestiture omitted)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3632773" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3632773/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="336">9D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="130313E8657B862CFEABDDC7FE7EFA44" box="[368,397,1428,1454]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1479,1504]" captionTargetBox="[162,1428,347,1452]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,337,1460]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 12. Aberrant wing venation in Apochrysa lutea (Walker) (after Winterton, 2006: fig. 1 AB) (vestiture and markings omitted)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3632779" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3632779/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="336">12</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3225CE6657B862CFF4CDD8BFD24F938" pageId="7" pageNumber="336" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B870F6D657B862CFF4CDD8BFE09FA1A" blockId="7.[151,956,1495,1674]" box="[151,506,1495,1520]" pageId="7" pageNumber="336">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB282843657B862CFF4CDD8BFE09FA1A" box="[151,506,1495,1520]" pageId="7" pageNumber="336">
<taxonomicName id="4C3874EE657B862CFF4CDD8BFE05FA1A" ID-CoL="5Z33H" authority="Walker, 1853: 272" authorityName="Walker" authorityPageNumber="272" authorityYear="1853" box="[151,502,1495,1520]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="336" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lutea">
<emphasis id="B94CD37F657B862CFF4CDD8BFEC0FA1A" box="[151,307,1496,1520]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="336">Chrysopa lutea</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0A99297C657B862CFEE2DD84FE05FA1A" author="Walker, F." box="[313,502,1495,1520]" page="272" pageId="7" pageNumber="336" year="1853">
<bibRefCitation id="EFA9729C657B862CFEE2DD84FE05FA1A" author="Walker, F." box="[313,502,1495,1520]" pageId="7" pageNumber="336" pagination="193 - 476" refId="ref9737" refString="Walker, F. (1853) List of the specimens of neuropterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Part II. - Sialidae-Nemopterides. British Museum, London, iii + 284 pp. [pp. [i-iii] + 193 - 476." type="book chapter" year="1853">Walker, 1853: 272</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B870F6D657B862CFF4CDDA4FC72F9E5" blockId="7.[151,956,1495,1674]" box="[151,897,1526,1551]" pageId="7" pageNumber="336">
<taxonomicName id="4C3874EE657B862CFF4CDDA4FE1AF9E5" authority="(Walker, 1853)" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[151,489,1526,1551]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Oligochrysa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="336" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lutea">
<emphasis id="B94CD37F657B862CFF4CDDA4FEBDF9E5" box="[151,334,1527,1551]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="336">Oligochrysa lutea</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA9729C657B862CFE81DDA5FE12F9E5" author="Walker, F." box="[346,481,1526,1551]" pageId="7" pageNumber="336" pagination="193 - 476" refId="ref9737" refString="Walker, F. (1853) List of the specimens of neuropterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Part II. - Sialidae-Nemopterides. British Museum, London, iii + 284 pp. [pp. [i-iii] + 193 - 476." type="book chapter" year="1853">Walker, 1853</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA9729C657B862CFDDFDDA5FD85F9E5" author="New, T. R." box="[516,630,1526,1551]" pageId="7" pageNumber="336" pagination="1 - 143" refId="ref9404" refString="New, T. R. (1980) A revision of the Australian Chrysopidae (Insecta: Neuroptera). Australian Journal of Zoology, Supplementary Series, 77, 1 - 143. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / AJZS 077" type="journal article" year="1980">New, 1980</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFA9729C657B862CFD5BDDA5FC8EF9E5" author="Brooks, S. J. &amp; Barnard, P. C." box="[640,893,1526,1551]" pageId="7" pageNumber="336" pagination="117 - 286" refId="ref8141" refString="Brooks, S. J. &amp; Barnard, P. C. (1990) The green lacewings of the world: a generic review (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), 59, 117 - 286." type="journal article" year="1990">Brooks &amp; Barnard, 1990</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B870F6D657B862CFF4CDE46FC4FF9C4" blockId="7.[151,956,1495,1674]" box="[151,956,1557,1582]" pageId="7" pageNumber="336">
<taxonomicName id="4C3874EE657B862CFF4CDE46FE25F9C4" ID-CoL="67PKW" authority="(Walker, 1853)" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[151,470,1557,1582]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Apochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="336" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lutea">
<emphasis id="B94CD37F657B862CFF4CDE46FECEF9C7" box="[151,317,1557,1581]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="336">Apochrysa lutea</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA9729C657B862CFE91DE46FE3CF9C4" author="Walker, F." box="[330,463,1557,1582]" pageId="7" pageNumber="336" pagination="193 - 476" refId="ref9737" refString="Walker, F. (1853) List of the specimens of neuropterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Part II. - Sialidae-Nemopterides. British Museum, London, iii + 284 pp. [pp. [i-iii] + 193 - 476." type="book chapter" year="1853">Walker, 1853</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA9729C657B862CFE2BDE46FCF5F9C7" author="Winterton, S. L. &amp; Brooks, S. J." box="[496,774,1557,1582]" pageId="7" pageNumber="336" pagination="16 - 28" refId="ref9914" refString="Winterton, S. L. &amp; Brooks, S. J. (2002) Phylogeny of the Apochrysinae green lacewings (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae: Apochrysi- nae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 95, 16 - 28. https: // doi. org / 10.1603 / 0013 - 8746 (2002) 095 [0016: POTAGL] 2.0. CO; 2" type="journal article" year="2002">Winterton &amp; Brooks, 2002</bibRefCitation>
; Winterton, 2006.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B870F6D657B862CFF4CDE67FD8DF9A6" blockId="7.[151,956,1495,1674]" box="[151,638,1587,1612]" pageId="7" pageNumber="336">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB282843657B862CFF4CDE67FD8DF9A6" box="[151,638,1587,1612]" pageId="7" pageNumber="336">
<taxonomicName id="4C3874EE657B862CFF4CDE67FD89F9A6" ID-CoL="495X3" authority="Esben-Petersen 1914: 639" authorityName="Esben-Petersen" authorityPageNumber="639" authorityYear="1914" box="[151,634,1587,1612]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Oligochrysa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="336" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="B94CD37F657B862CFF4CDE67FE9BF9A6" box="[151,360,1588,1612]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="336">Oligochrysa gracilis</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0A99297C657B862CFEB4DE60FD89F9A6" author="Esben-Petersen, P." box="[367,634,1587,1612]" page="639" pageId="7" pageNumber="336" year="1914">
<bibRefCitation id="EFA9729C657B862CFEB4DE60FD89F9A6" author="Esben-Petersen, P." box="[367,634,1587,1612]" pageId="7" pageNumber="336" pagination="635 - 645" refId="ref8260" refString="Esben-Petersen, P. (1914) Australian Neuroptera. Part I. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 39, 635 - 645. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 2295" type="journal article" year="1914">Esben-Petersen 1914: 639</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B870F6D657B862CFF4CDE00FCF6F981" blockId="7.[151,956,1495,1674]" box="[151,773,1618,1643]" pageId="7" pageNumber="336">
<taxonomicName id="4C3874EE657B862CFF4CDE00FD96F981" authority="(Esben-Petersen, 1914)" baseAuthorityName="Esben-Petersen" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[151,613,1618,1643]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Synthochrysa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="336" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="B94CD37F657B862CFF4CDE00FE80F981" box="[151,371,1619,1643]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="336">Synthochrysa gracilis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA9729C657B862CFE5BDE01FDADF981" author="Esben-Petersen, P." box="[384,606,1618,1643]" pageId="7" pageNumber="336" pagination="635 - 645" refId="ref8260" refString="Esben-Petersen, P. (1914) Australian Neuroptera. Part I. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 39, 635 - 645. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 2295" type="journal article" year="1914">Esben-Petersen, 1914</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA9729C657B862CFD5BDE01FCF2F981" author="Banks, N." box="[640,769,1618,1643]" pageId="7" pageNumber="336" pagination="377 - 409" refId="ref8044" refString="Banks, N. (1931) XVIII. - Some neuropteroid insects from the Malay Peninsula. Journal of the Federated Malay States Museums, 16, 377 - 409." type="journal article" year="1931">Banks, 1931</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B870F6D657B862CFF4CDE22FD46F963" blockId="7.[151,956,1495,1674]" box="[151,693,1649,1674]" pageId="7" pageNumber="336">
<taxonomicName id="4C3874EE657B862CFF4CDE22FE07F960" authority="(Walker, 1853)" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[151,500,1649,1674]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Synthochrysa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="336" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lutea">
<emphasis id="B94CD37F657B862CFF4CDE22FEAAF963" box="[151,345,1649,1673]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="336">Synthochrysa lutea</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA9729C657B862CFEBDDE22FE1EF960" author="Walker, F." box="[358,493,1649,1674]" pageId="7" pageNumber="336" pagination="193 - 476" refId="ref9737" refString="Walker, F. (1853) List of the specimens of neuropterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Part II. - Sialidae-Nemopterides. British Museum, London, iii + 284 pp. [pp. [i-iii] + 193 - 476." type="book chapter" year="1853">Walker, 1853</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA9729C657B862CFDD4DE22FD42F963" author="Kimmins, D. E." box="[527,689,1649,1674]" pageId="7" pageNumber="336" pagination="442 - 449" refId="ref8844" refString="Kimmins, D. E. (1940) Notes on some types of Chrysopidae (Neuroptera) in the British Museum Collections. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 11, 5 (29), 442 - 449. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222934008527058" type="journal article" year="1940">Kimmins, 1940</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B870F6D657B862CFF4CDEE4FD24F938" blockId="7.[151,1437,1719,2034]" box="[151,727,1719,1746]" pageId="7" pageNumber="336">
<emphasis id="B94CD37F657B862CFF4CDEE4FEBDF938" bold="true" box="[151,334,1719,1746]" pageId="7" pageNumber="336">Common name</emphasis>
. Yellow-green delicate lacewing.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3225CE6657B862CFF1CDE88FA68F840" pageId="7" pageNumber="336" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B870F6D657B862CFF1CDE88FA68F840" blockId="7.[151,1437,1719,2034]" pageId="7" pageNumber="336">
<emphasis id="B94CD37F657B862CFF1CDE88FEC9F91C" bold="true" box="[199,314,1755,1782]" pageId="7" pageNumber="336">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. Forewing with costal area relatively broad along length, dark ovoid spot midway along inner gradate series, otherwise slight markings only along inner gradate series and distally on RA-RP cross-vein; hind wing with small mark on pterostigma; both wings with two gradate series; forewing RA area with RA-RP cross-veins simple, lacking interconnecting cross-veins; basal half of both wings without irregular cross-veins connecting RP branches, only with inner gradate series extending to base of wing; inner gradate series of hind wing broadly curved, angled anteriorly at midpoint; end-twigging (forked veinlets) present only in distal half of posterior margin of both wings.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3225CE6657B8623FF1CDFE0FBF0FEF5" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="337" pageId="7" pageNumber="336" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B870F6D657B8623FF1CDFE0FBF0FEF5" blockId="7.[151,1437,1719,2034]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1436,153,287]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="337" pageId="7" pageNumber="336">
<emphasis id="B94CD37F657B862CFF1CDFE0FEBCF824" bold="true" box="[199,335,1971,1998]" pageId="7" pageNumber="336">Comments.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3874EE657B862CFE8CDFE7FDFCF824" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[343,527,1972,1998]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Apochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="336" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lutea">
<emphasis id="B94CD37F657B862CFE8CDFE7FDFCF824" box="[343,527,1972,1998]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="336">Apochrysa lutea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is found throughout eastern coastal
<collectingCountry id="F32F4FFD657B862CFC70DFE7FBE6F824" box="[939,1045,1972,1998]" name="Australia" pageId="7" pageNumber="336">Australia</collectingCountry>
. Distinctive characters of this species include the presence of only two gradate series and lack of irregular RP cross-veins basally in both wings, as well as the relatively broad costal area in the forewing. Winterton (2006) (
<figureCitation id="130313E865748623FC32D8CAFBCFFF59" box="[1001,1084,153,179]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1479,1504]" captionTargetBox="[162,1428,347,1452]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,337,1460]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 12. Aberrant wing venation in Apochrysa lutea (Walker) (after Winterton, 2006: fig. 1 AB) (vestiture and markings omitted)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3632779" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3632779/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="337">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
) described the occurrence of a female
<taxonomicName id="4C3874EE65748623FF31D8EEFEB3FF3D" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[234,320,189,215]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Apochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="337" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lutea">
<emphasis id="B94CD37F65748623FF31D8EEFEB3FF3D" box="[234,320,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="337">A. lutea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with apparently malformed, aberrant wing venation where the cross-veins were highly irregular and not symmetrical. This phenomenon appears to be rare and has not been recorded in other chrysopids. The
<typeStatus id="5483B1CF65748623FAE1D8B2FA6FFF11" box="[1338,1436,225,251]" pageId="8" pageNumber="337" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
specimens of both names are housed in the Natural History Museum, London.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>