1129 lines
155 KiB
XML
1129 lines
155 KiB
XML
<document id="D87593BEE87876E3076091E9EFE6209C" ID-DOI="10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad111" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-PMC="PMC10983082" ID-PubMed="38566915" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11240925" ID-ZooBank="E8CC81A3-E625-4C48-B783-29AA9BFC83C3C" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1716363317501" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Moreno, Karina, Rico, Diane M., Middlebrooks, Michael, Medrano, Sabrina, Valdés, Ángel A. & Krug, Patrick J." docDate="2024" docId="03C287FBFFB5FFCBFF874264FA1B2525" docLanguage="en" docName="zlad111.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (4)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad111" docStyle="DocumentStyle:4F230B9370E98E256D973D6DFB57F36C.5:ZoolJLinnSoc.2023-.journal_article" docStyleId="4F230B9370E98E256D973D6DFB57F36C" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2023-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="5" docTitle="Cyerce antillensis sensu Engel 1927" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="961" masterDocId="FFFBFF83FFBAFFDEFC6F452FFFAF206B" masterDocTitle="A cryptic radiation of Caribbean sea slugs revealed by integrative analysis: Cyerce ‘ antillensis’ (Sacoglossa: Caliphyllidae) is six distinct species" masterLastPageNumber="979" masterPageNumber="940" pageNumber="955" updateTime="1716497271303" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="89564D1527D8C9250E363F0B2FBE10B5">A cryptic radiation of Caribbean sea slugs revealed by integrative analysis: Cyerce ‘ antillensis’ (Sacoglossa: Caliphyllidae) is six distinct species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="39A5199AB82C67F90E5B2B50C0D012D3">Moreno, Karina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8DB2F5ED10855B83411DCF9CFBBE45E5">Department of Biological Sciences, California State Polytechnic University Pomona, Pomona, CA 91768, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="4347475396A91553480A39B1F8A6261F">Rico, Diane M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1B3D23902C7D0690821E8A62AC926D5F">Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Los Angeles, CA 90032 - 8201, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="65ED210F783D43BF0D144E92D59D90EF">Middlebrooks, Michael</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="956F8CC17D612741BB7D98EDC9F7A8F2">Medrano, Sabrina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2839D7A09B453041BBE1E8FB50545C0F">Valdés, Ángel A.</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFB5FFD1FF874264FABC270E" ID-CoL="32ZPJ" authority="Engel, 1927" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[1000,1299,1866,1893]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="15" pageNumber="955" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
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<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFB5FFD1FF874264FB3E270E" bold="true" box="[1000,1169,1866,1893]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="955">Cyerce antillensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFB5FFD1F8F94264FABC270E" author="Engel H" box="[1174,1299,1867,1893]" pageId="15" pageNumber="955" pagination="117 - 8" refId="ref25585" refString="Engel H. Westindische Opisthobranchiate Mollusken: (mit 38 Figuren im Text). Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde 1927; 25: 117 - 8." type="journal article" year="1927">Engel, 1927</bibRefCitation>
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<subSubSection id="C3716566FFB5FFD1F87F4258FB4327FA" box="[1040,1260,1911,1938]" pageId="15" pageNumber="955" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD436EDFFB5FFD1F87F4258FB4327FA" blockId="15.[825,1474,1911,2006]" box="[1040,1260,1911,1938]" pageId="15" pageNumber="955">
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<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFB5FFD1F87F4258FB4327FA" bold="true" box="[1040,1260,1911,1938]" pageId="15" pageNumber="955">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13502A68FFB5FFD1F8754258FBDB27FA" box="[1050,1140,1911,1937]" captionStart-0="Figure 1" captionStart-1="Figure 2" captionStart-2="Figure 3" captionStart-3="Figure 4" captionStart-4="Figure 5" captionStartId-0="3.[130,195,1841,1865]" captionStartId-1="8.[113,178,1844,1868]" captionStartId-2="9.[131,196,1848,1872]" captionStartId-3="11.[129,194,1836,1860]" captionStartId-4="13.[129,194,1102,1126]" captionTargetBox-0="[129,1473,145,1813]" captionTargetBox-1="[400,1174,149,1814]" captionTargetBox-2="[144,754,1402,1824]" captionTargetBox-3="[253,1352,147,1807]" captionTargetBox-4="[132,1471,147,1073]" captionTargetId-0="figure-64@3.[128,1475,144,1814]" captionTargetId-1="figure-7@8.[399,1174,148,1815]" captionTargetId-2="figure-918@9.[143,754,1401,1825]" captionTargetId-3="figure-9@11.[247,1355,144,1808]" captionTargetId-4="figure-464@13.[129,1473,144,1075]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="8" captionTargetPageId-2="9" captionTargetPageId-3="11" captionTargetPageId-4="13" captionText-0="Figure 1. Western Atlantic sampling sites; for more details, see Table 1. Top panel shows southern Florida peninsula and eastern Caribbean; bottom panel shows expanded view of inset box." captionText-1="Figure 2. Consensus phylogenetic tree for Cyerce and Sohgenia based on maximum likelihood (ML) analysis of three concatenated loci. Percentages corresponding to significant bootstrap support are given below branches, and posterior probabilities from Bayesian inference (BI) analysis are shown in bold above branches. Capital letters label three key supported nodes. Haplotypes are coded by date–location–specimen number on terminals. Results of four species delimitation analyses are indicated by vertical bars; horizontal shaded bars enclose specimens grouped as species entities by all methods." captionText-2="Figure 3. Histogram of pairwise Tamura–Nei (TrN)-corrected COI distances, showing barcoding gap; white bars denote intraspecific distances and black bars interspecific distances, based on automated barcode gap discovery (ABGD) and assemble species by automatic partitioning (ASAP) analyses." captionText-3="Figure 4. Network of COI haplotypes colour coded by location, with the size of each circle denoting frequency.Black dots indicate unsampled haplotypes. Each bar crossing a line denotes one nucleotide substitution. A, Cyerce antillensis. B, Cyerce nicholasi." captionText-4="Figure 5. Haplotype network of phased histone 3 alleles colour-coded by candidate species, with the size of each circle denoting the frequency of the sampled allele. A small black dot indicates an unsampled allele. Each bar crossing a line denotes one nucleotide substitution." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240927" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240929" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240931" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240933" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240935" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/11240927/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/11240929/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/11240931/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/11240933/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/11240935/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="955">Figs 1–5</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13502A68FFB5FFD1F8114258FB3027FA" box="[1150,1183,1911,1937]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="16.[115,180,1204,1228]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1176]" captionTargetId="figure-341@16.[114,1458,144,1176]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 8. Stained and mounted penial stylets of Cyerce species from the Western Atlantic. Black arrow indicates stylet.A, Cyerce nicholasi, isolate 10Bim03. B, Cyerce piercei, isolate KM66. C, Cyerce ellingsonorum, isolate 06Jam05. D, Cyerce antillensis, isolate 10Bim01.E, Cyerce browneveorum, isolate 09Gei01.F, Cyerce willetteorum, isolate 07Stir01.G, Cyerce cf. cristallina, isolate B101." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240943" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11240943/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="955">8D</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13502A68FFB5FFD1F8C64258FB4E27FA" box="[1193,1249,1911,1938]" captionStart-0="Figure 9" captionStart-1="Figure 10" captionStart-2="Figure 11" captionStartId-0="17.[129,194,1682,1706]" captionStartId-1="18.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionStartId-2="19.[129,194,1798,1822]" captionTargetBox-0="[129,1473,143,1654]" captionTargetBox-1="[255,1316,144,1808]" captionTargetBox-2="[132,1469,150,1768]" captionTargetId-0="figure-114@17.[129,1473,143,1654]" captionTargetId-1="figure-7@18.[255,1316,144,1808]" captionTargetId-2="figure-87@19.[129,1473,145,1770]" captionTargetPageId-0="17" captionTargetPageId-1="18" captionTargetPageId-2="19" captionText-0="Figure 9. Live specimens of Cyerce antillensis. A, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing notum; actual size, 8 mm alive.B, specimen from Cayman Islands photographed underwater by Everett Turner.C, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing ventral surface of foot. D, specimen from Lee Stocking Island, Bahamas; actual size, 9 mm alive.Photograph credit:Anne DuPont.E, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing notum; actual size, 5 mm preserved.F, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing close-up of pericardial complex; actual size, 9 mm alive." captionText-1="Figure 10. Cyerce antillensis, radular scanning electron micrographs for isolates 10Bim01 (A–C) and MM109A (LACM 2004-04-9A; D, E). A, complete radula, including ascus, from isolate 10Bim01. B, leading tooth. C, close-up of ascus.D, complete radula from isolate MM109A; ascus not present. E, close-up of inset box, showing teeth on ascending limb." captionText-2="Figure 11. Cyerce antillensis, original drawing from Engel (1927)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240945" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240947" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240949" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/11240945/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/11240947/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/11240949/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="955">9–11</figureCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0ACA10FCFFB5FFD1FF5642B1FB7427DD" author="Engel H" box="[825,1243,1950,1974]" page="118" pageId="15" pageNumber="955" year="1927">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFB5FFD1FF5642B1FB7427DD" ID-CoL="32ZPJ" authority="Engel 1927: 117 - 118" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityPageNumber="117 - 118" authorityYear="1927" box="[825,1243,1950,1974]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="15" pageNumber="955" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
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<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFB5FFD1FF5642B1FC4A27DD" box="[825,997,1950,1974]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="955">Cyerce antillensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFB5FFD1FF9E42B1FB7427DD" author="Engel H" box="[1009,1243,1950,1974]" pageId="15" pageNumber="955" pagination="117 - 8" refId="ref25585" refString="Engel H. Westindische Opisthobranchiate Mollusken: (mit 38 Figuren im Text). Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde 1927; 25: 117 - 8." type="journal article" year="1927">Engel 1927: 117–118</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 38;
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<treatmentCitation id="0ACA10FCFFB5FFD1F92B42B0FBA127BD" author="Marcus E & Marcus EDB-R" page="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="955" year="1963">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFB5FFD1F92B42B0FBA127BD" author="Marcus E & Marcus EDB-R" pageId="15" pageNumber="955" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref27338" refString="Marcus E, Marcus EDB-R. Opisthobranchs from the Lesser Antilles. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and Other Caribbean Islands 1963; 19: 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1963">Marcus and Marcus 1963: 17–19</bibRefCitation>
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, figs 22–24;
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<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAAFFCEFC1C419BFF6524A7" bold="true" box="[115,202,1204,1228]" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">Figure 8.</emphasis>
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Stained and mounted penial stylets of
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<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAAFFCEFE59419BFD1624A7" box="[566,697,1204,1228]" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">
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<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAAFFCEFE59419BFDDE24A0" box="[566,625,1204,1227]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">Cyerce</emphasis>
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species
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from the Western Atlantic. Black arrow indicates stylet. A,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAAFFCEF88D419BFAD224A7" authorityName="Moreno & Rico & Middlebrooks & Medrano & Valdés & Krug" authorityYear="2024" box="[1250,1405,1204,1228]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="nicholasi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAAFFCEF88D419BFAD224A7" bold="true" box="[1250,1405,1204,1228]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">Cyerce nicholasi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, isolate 10Bim03. B,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAAFFCEFD4241FFFE1F2483" authorityName="Moreno & Rico & Middlebrooks & Medrano & Valdés & Krug" authorityYear="2024" box="[301,432,1232,1256]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="piercei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAAFFCEFD4241FFFE1F2483" bold="true" box="[301,432,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">Cyerce piercei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, isolate KM66. C,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAAFFCEFE3141FFFC822483" authorityName="Moreno & Rico & Middlebrooks & Medrano & Valdés & Krug" authorityYear="2024" box="[606,813,1232,1256]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ellingsonorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAAFFCEFE3141FFFC822483" bold="true" box="[606,813,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">Cyerce ellingsonorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, isolate 06Jam05. D,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAAFFCEFF9E41FFFB252483" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[1009,1162,1232,1256]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAAFFCEFF9E41FFFB252483" box="[1009,1162,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">Cyerce antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, isolate 10Bim01. E,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAAFFCEF93F41FFFEAE256F" authorityName="Moreno & Rico & Middlebrooks & Medrano & Valdés & Krug" authorityYear="2024" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="browneveorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAAFFCEF93F41FFFEAE256F" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">Cyerce browneveorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, isolate 09Gei01. F,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAAFFCEFDD041C3FDD2256F" authorityName="Moreno & Rico & Middlebrooks & Medrano & Valdés & Krug" authorityYear="2024" box="[447,637,1260,1284]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="willetteorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAAFFCEFDD041C3FDD2256F" bold="true" box="[447,637,1260,1284]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">Cyerce willetteorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, isolate 07Stir01. G,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAAFFCEFF2F41C3FC5B256F" authorityName="Trinchese" authorityYear="1881" box="[832,1012,1260,1284]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cristallina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAAFFCEFF2F41C3FCD42568" box="[832,891,1260,1283]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">Cyerce</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAAFFCEFFF441C3FC5B256F" box="[923,1012,1260,1284]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">cristallina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, isolate B101.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436EDFFAAFFCEFCE2406BFEFD25F0" blockId="16.[113,762,1348,1623]" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAAFFCEFCE2406BFDA62537" author="Marcus EDB-R & Hughes H" box="[141,521,1348,1372]" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" pagination="498 - 532" refId="ref27400" refString="Marcus EDB-R, Hughes H. Opisthobranch Mollusks from Barbados. Bulletin of Marine Science 1974; 24: 498 - 532." type="journal article" year="1974">Marcus and Hughes 1974: 505–506</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, figs 11, 12;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAAFFCEFEFC406BFD552537" author="Clark KB & DeFreese D" box="[659,762,1348,1372]" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" pagination="259 - 80" refId="ref25236" refString="Clark KB, DeFreese D. Population ecology of Caribbean Ascoglossa (Mollusca: Opisthobranchia): a study of specialized algal herbivores. American Malacological Bulletin 1987; 5: 259 - 80." type="journal article" year="1987">Clark and</bibRefCitation>
|
||
Defreese 1987: 259–279;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAAFFCEFD11404BFD902510" author="Jensen KR" box="[382,575,1379,1403]" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" pagination="147 - 72" refId="ref26422" refString="Jensen KR. Evolution of buccal apparatus and diet radiation in the Sacoglossa (Opisthobranchia). Bolletino Malacologico 1993 a; 29: 147 - 72." type="journal article" year="1993">Jensen 1993a: 157</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAAFFCEFE25404CFD592510" author="Clark KB" box="[586,758,1379,1403]" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" pagination="900 - 16" refId="ref25159" refString="Clark KB. Ascoglossan (= Sacoglossa) molluscs in the Florida Keys: rare marine invertebrates at special risk. Bulletin of Marine Science 1994; 54: 900 - 16." type="journal article" year="1994">Clark 1994: 906</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAAFFCEFC1E40ACFEE125F0" author="Turner EM & Evans E & Abgarian C" box="[113,334,1411,1435]" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" refId="ref28831" refString="Turner EM, Evans E, Abgarian C. Cayman has Nudibranchs and Other Sea Slugs. Middletown, 2020, 216." type="book" year="2020">
|
||
Turner
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAAFFCEFCD140ACFF4225F0" box="[190,237,1411,1435]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2020: 42
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436EDFFAAFFCEFCE2408DFD2A25D1" blockId="16.[113,762,1348,1623]" box="[141,645,1442,1466]" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAAFFCEFCE2408DFD2D25D1" authority="Goodheart et al. 2016: 23 - 25" authorityName="Goodheart" authorityPageNumber="23 - 25" authorityYear="2016" box="[141,642,1442,1466]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAAFFCEFCE2408DFF6225D2" box="[141,205,1442,1465]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">Cyerce</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAAFFCEFC80408DFEE025D1" box="[239,335,1442,1466]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAAFFCEFD3B408DFD2D25D1" author="Goodheart JA & Ellingson RA & Vital XG" box="[340,642,1442,1466]" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" pagination="56" refId="ref26090" refString="Goodheart JA, Ellingson RA, Vital XG et al. Identification guide to the heterobranch sea slugs (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from Bocas del Toro, Panama. Marine Biodiversity Records 2016; 9: 56." type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||
Goodheart
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAAFFCEFDA5408CFE5625D1" box="[458,505,1442,1466]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2016: 23–25
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436EDFFAAFFCEFCE240EDFD5525B2" blockId="16.[113,762,1348,1623]" box="[141,762,1473,1497]" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAAFFCEFCE240EDFD3125B2" authority="Ortea and Templado 1988: 11 - 13" authorityName=", Ortea and Templado" authorityPageNumber="11 - 13" authorityYear="1988" box="[141,670,1473,1497]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="habanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAAFFCEFCE240EDFE9325B2" box="[141,316,1473,1497]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">Cyerce habanensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAAFFCEFD2E40EEFD3125B2" author="Ortea J & Templado J" box="[321,670,1473,1497]" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" pagination="11 - 4" refId="ref28021" refString="Ortea J, Templado J. Una nueva especia de Cyerce Bergh, 1871 (Opisthobranchia: Ascoglossa) de la Isla de Cuba. Iberus 1988; 8: 11 - 4." type="journal article" year="1988">Ortea and Templado 1988: 11–13</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, figs 1, 2.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436EDFFAAFFCEFCE240CEFDBC2592" blockId="16.[113,762,1348,1623]" box="[141,531,1504,1529]" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAAFFCEFCE240CEFF502592" box="[141,255,1505,1529]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAAFFCEFCE240CEFF622593" box="[141,205,1505,1528]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">Cyerce</emphasis>
|
||
sp. 3
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAAFFCEFD6B40CEFDA02592" author="Krug PJ & Vendetti JE & Ellingson RA" box="[260,527,1504,1529]" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" pagination="983 - 99" refId="ref26916" refString="Krug PJ, Vendetti JE, Ellingson RA et al. Species selection favors dispersive life histories in sea slugs, but higher per-offspring investment drives shifts to short-lived larvae. Systematic Biology 2015; 64: 983 - 99. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / sysbio / syv 046" type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||
Krug
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAAFFCEFD5140CEFEC32592" box="[318,364,1505,1529]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2015: 989–991
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436EDFFAAFFCEFCE2432FFDA32673" blockId="16.[113,762,1348,1623]" box="[141,524,1536,1560]" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAAFFCEFCE2432FFF502673" box="[141,255,1536,1560]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undefined-4">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAAFFCEFCE2432FFF62267C" box="[141,205,1536,1559]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">Cyerce</emphasis>
|
||
sp. 4
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAAFFCEFD6B432FFE132673" author="Christa G & Handeler K & Kuck P" box="[260,444,1536,1560]" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" pagination="23 - 36" refId="ref24983" refString="Christa G, Handeler K, Kuck P et al. Phylogenetic evidence for multiple independent origins of functional kleptoplasty in Sacoglossa (Heterobranchia, Gastropoda). Organisms Diversity & Evolution 2015; 15: 23 - 36. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 13127 - 014 - 0189 - z" type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||
Christa
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAAFFCEFD39432EFE2B2673" box="[342,388,1536,1560]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 1b.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436EDFFAAFFCEFCE2430FFEBB263C" blockId="16.[113,762,1348,1623]" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAAFFCEFCE2430FFDA4265C" authority="(Thompson 1977)" baseAuthorityName="Thompson" baseAuthorityYear="1977" box="[141,523,1567,1591]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="edmundsi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAAFFCEFCE2430FFF62265C" box="[141,205,1568,1591]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">Cyerce</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAAFFCEFC834330FEE6265C" box="[236,329,1567,1591]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">edmundsi</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAAFFCEFD3A4330FDAC265C" author="Thompson TE" box="[341,515,1567,1591]" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" pagination="93 - 140" refId="ref28692" refString="Thompson TE. Jamaican opisthobranch mollusks I. Journal of Molluscan Studies 1977; 43: 93 - 140." type="journal article" year="1977">Thompson 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
–
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAAFFCEFE4E4330FD55265C" author="Handeler K & Wagele H" box="[545,762,1567,1591]" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" pagination="231 - 54" refId="ref26238" refString="Handeler K, Wagele H. Preliminary study on molecular phylogeny of Sacoglossa and a compilation of their food organisms. Bonner Zoologische Beitrage 2007; 55: 231 - 54." type="journal article" year="2007">Händeler and Wägele</bibRefCitation>
|
||
2007: 233–238.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3716566FFAAFFCEFD1A4352FA052616" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436EDFFAAFFCEFD1A4352FE5826FD" blockId="16.[373,503,1660,1686]" box="[373,503,1660,1686]" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAAFFCEFD1A4352FE5826FD" box="[373,503,1660,1686]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D0884FFFAAFFCEFD1A4352FE0C26FD" box="[373,419,1661,1686]" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
material
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436EDFFAAFFCEFC1E438CFD2027DE" blockId="16.[113,763,1699,1973]" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAAFFCEFC1E438CFE3D26D0" ID-CoL="32ZPJ" authority="Engel 1927" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[113,402,1699,1723]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAAFFCEFC1E438CFEB726D0" box="[113,280,1699,1723]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">Cyerce antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAAFFCEFD71438CFE3D26D0" author="Engel H" box="[286,402,1699,1723]" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" pagination="117 - 8" refId="ref25585" refString="Engel H. Westindische Opisthobranchiate Mollusken: (mit 38 Figuren im Text). Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde 1927; 25: 117 - 8." type="journal article" year="1927">Engel 1927</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
–
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D0884FFFAAFFCEFDC3438CFDAB26D0" box="[428,516,1699,1723]" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" type="syntype">Syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37C767DFFAAFFCEFE61438CFDF326D0" box="[526,604,1699,1723]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">Tobago</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Caribbean Sea (ZMA.MOLL.137581), 1914–1916, not examined.
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6DFD64FFAAFFCEFEFA43EDFF032691" count="4" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" type="generic" typeStatus="syntype">Four syntypes</specimenCount>
|
||
: (ZMUC GAS-001551), 1 April/
|
||
<date id="FFD5102DFFAAFFCEFE6F43CEFD222692" box="[512,653,1761,1785]" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" value="1916-04-30">30 April 1916</date>
|
||
, not examined.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAAFFCEFCC4422EFDDA2772" ID-CoL="32ZPQ" authority="Ortea and Templado 1988" authorityName=", Ortea and Templado" authorityYear="1988" box="[171,629,1793,1817]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="habanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAAFFCEFCC4422EFEF32772" box="[171,348,1793,1817]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">Cyerce habanensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAAFFCEFD0C422EFDDA2772" author="Ortea J & Templado J" box="[355,629,1793,1817]" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" pagination="11 - 4" refId="ref28021" refString="Ortea J, Templado J. Una nueva especia de Cyerce Bergh, 1871 (Opisthobranchia: Ascoglossa) de la Isla de Cuba. Iberus 1988; 8: 11 - 4." type="journal article" year="1988">Ortea and Templado 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
–
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D0884FFFAAFFCEFEFF422EFD582772" box="[656,759,1793,1817]" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49AFF80FFFAAFFCEFC1E420FFF6F275C" box="[113,192,1824,1847]" country="Cuba" name="La Habana" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">Havana</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37C767DFFAAFFCEFCA0420FFEA92753" box="[207,262,1824,1848]" name="Cuba" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">Cuba</collectingCountry>
|
||
(MNCN 15.05/1063),
|
||
<date id="FFD5102DFFAAFFCEFE62420FFD362753" box="[525,665,1824,1848]" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" value="1988-07-17">17 July 1988</date>
|
||
, depth
|
||
<quantity id="4C939B08FFAAFFCEFE82420FFF28273C" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C939B08FFAAFFCEFCF94210FF4C273C" box="[150,227,1855,1879]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" unit="mm" value="13.0">13 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length, not examined.
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6DFD64FFAAFFCEFD934210FD3E2733" box="[508,657,1855,1880]" count="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" type="generic" typeStatus="paratype">One paratype</specimenCount>
|
||
: (MNCN 15.05/1063),
|
||
<date id="FFD5102DFFAAFFCEFD6A4270FE22271C" box="[261,397,1887,1911]" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" value="1988-07-17">17 July 1988</date>
|
||
, depth
|
||
<quantity id="4C939B08FFAAFFCEFDB14270FDA5271D" box="[478,522,1887,1911]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C939B08FFAAFFCEFE784270FDCD271D" box="[535,610,1887,1911]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" unit="mm" value="11.0">11 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length, not examined.
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6DFD64FFAAFFCEFC8D4251FEDB27FD" box="[226,372,1918,1942]" count="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" type="generic" typeStatus="paratype">One paratype</specimenCount>
|
||
: private collections of Jesús Ortea,
|
||
<date id="FFD5102DFFAAFFCEFE8F4251FF7427DE" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" value="1988-06-26">26 June 1988</date>
|
||
, depth
|
||
<quantity id="4C939B08FFAAFFCEFD4A42B2FEE227DE" box="[293,333,1949,1973]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C939B08FFAAFFCEFD3842B2FE3D27DE" box="[343,402,1949,1973]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length, not examined.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436EDFFAAFFCEF87A406BFB672535" blockId="16.[810,1459,1348,1504]" box="[1045,1224,1348,1374]" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAAFFCEF87A406BFB672535" box="[1045,1224,1348,1374]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436EDFFAAFFCEFF454045FACB258B" blockId="16.[810,1459,1348,1504]" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B033CB0FFAAFFCEFF454045FC0025AA" collectingDate="2004-04-09" collectingDateMax="2004-08-25" collectingDateMin="2004-04-09" collectionCode="LACM" country="Curaçao" location="Caribbean Sea" municipality="August" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" specimenCode="MM109" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37C767DFFAAFFCEFF454045FBA825E9" box="[810,1031,1386,1410]" name="Curaçao" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">Netherlands Antilles</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EB46036FFAAFFCEF8774045FB1A25E9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C287FBFFB5FFCBFF874264FA1B2525:8EB46036FFAAFFCEF8774045FB1A25E9" box="[1048,1205,1386,1410]" country="Curaçao" municipality="August" name="Caribbean Sea" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">Caribbean Sea</location>
|
||
, 16
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB0AC97FFAAFFCEF8814045FA9325E9" box="[1262,1340,1386,1410]" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">August</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
/
|
||
<date id="FFD5102DFFAAFFCEF92B4045FCCF25C9" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" value="2004-08-25">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF91E9C5FFAAFFCEF92B4045FCCF25C9" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" value="2004-08-25">25 August 2004</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6DFD64FFAAFFCEFF1B40A5FBA425C9" box="[884,1035,1418,1442]" count="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
preserved, isolate
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBCD9E96FFAAFFCEF88840A5FA9425C9" box="[1255,1339,1418,1442]" collectionCode="MM" country="France" name="University of Montpellier" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">MM109</specimenCode>
|
||
A (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED7AAE28FFAAFFCEF90A40A5FA1C25C9" box="[1381,1459,1418,1442]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" name="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" type="Museum">LACM</collectionCode>
|
||
<date id="FFD5102DFFAAFFCEFF454086FC3A25AA" box="[810,917,1449,1473]" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" value="2004-04-09">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF91E9C5FFAAFFCEFF454086FC3A25AA" box="[810,917,1449,1473]" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" value="2004-04-09">2004.04.9</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
A)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B033CB0FFAAFFCEFFD54086FACF258B" collectingDate="2001-10" country="Bahamas" location="Caribbean Sea" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bimini">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49AFF80FFFAAFFCEFFD54086FBAE25AA" box="[954,1025,1449,1473]" country="Bahamas" name="Bimini" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">Bimini</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37C767DFFAAFFCEF8624086FBC425AA" box="[1037,1131,1449,1473]" name="Bahamas" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">Bahamas</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EB46036FFAAFFCEF8184086FAA025AA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C287FBFFB5FFCBFF874264FA1B2525:8EB46036FFAAFFCEF8184086FAA025AA" box="[1143,1295,1449,1473]" country="Bahamas" name="Caribbean Sea" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" stateProvince="Bimini">Caribbean Sea</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFD5102DFFAAFFCEF9744086FA0025AA" box="[1307,1455,1449,1473]" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" value="2001-10">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF91E9C5FFAAFFCEF9744086FA0025AA" box="[1307,1455,1449,1473]" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" value="2001-10">October 2001</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6DFD64FFAAFFCEFF4540E6FC16258B" box="[810,953,1480,1504]" count="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C939B08FFAAFFCEFFAD40E7FC52258B" box="[962,1021,1480,1504]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
|
||
preserved length, isolate 10Bim01
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436EDFFAAFFCEF83E432EFB222671" blockId="16.[810,1459,1537,1661]" box="[1105,1165,1537,1562]" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAAFFCEF83E432EFB222671" box="[1105,1165,1537,1562]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">Range</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436EDFFAAFFCEFF454308FA052616" blockId="16.[810,1459,1537,1661]" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37C767DFFAAFFCEFF454308FCD22655" box="[810,893,1575,1598]" name="Panama" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37C767DFFAAFFCEFFE94309FC412655" box="[902,1006,1574,1598]" name="Dominica" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">Dominica</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Florida,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37C767DFFAAFFCEF8224309FB042655" box="[1101,1195,1574,1598]" name="Bahamas" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">Bahamas</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37C767DFFAAFFCEF8DC4309FAA62655" box="[1203,1289,1574,1598]" name="Curaçao" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">Curaçao</collectingCountry>
|
||
(present study),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37C767DFFAAFFCEFF454369FCD52635" box="[810,890,1606,1630]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">Tobago</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAAFFCEFFFF4369FBA32635" author="Engel H" box="[912,1036,1606,1630]" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" pagination="117 - 8" refId="ref25585" refString="Engel H. Westindische Opisthobranchiate Mollusken: (mit 38 Figuren im Text). Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde 1927; 25: 117 - 8." type="journal article" year="1927">Engel 1927</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37C767DFFAAFFCEF8454369FBCE2635" box="[1066,1121,1606,1630]" name="Cuba" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">Cuba</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAAFFCEF8154369FA0D2635" author="Ortea J & Templado J" box="[1146,1442,1606,1630]" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" pagination="11 - 4" refId="ref28021" refString="Ortea J, Templado J. Una nueva especia de Cyerce Bergh, 1871 (Opisthobranchia: Ascoglossa) de la Isla de Cuba. Iberus 1988; 8: 11 - 4." type="journal article" year="1988">Ortea and Templado 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37C767DFFAAFFCEFF45434AFC622616" box="[810,973,1637,1661]" name="Cayman Islands" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">Cayman Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAAFFCEFFB2434AFB3E2616" author="Turner EM & Evans E & Abgarian C" box="[989,1169,1637,1661]" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" refId="ref28831" refString="Turner EM, Evans E, Abgarian C. Cayman has Nudibranchs and Other Sea Slugs. Middletown, 2020, 216." type="book" year="2020">
|
||
Turner
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAAFFCEF8454349FBF62616" box="[1066,1113,1637,1661]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2020
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Roatan (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAAFFCEF96F434AFA362616" author="Charteris M" box="[1280,1433,1637,1661]" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" refId="ref24964" refString="Charteris M. Caribbean Reef Life: a Field Guide for Divers. 3 rd edn, 2022." type="book" year="2022">Charteris 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3716566FFAAFFCAF85743B2FD46233F" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="960" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436EDFFAAFFCEF85743B2FB0B26DD" blockId="16.[1080,1188,1693,1718]" box="[1080,1188,1693,1718]" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAAFFCEF85743B2FB0B26DD" box="[1080,1188,1693,1718]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">Description</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436EDFFAAFFCFFF4543ECFEAB270E" blockId="16.[810,1459,1731,1975]" lastBlockId="17.[129,778,1838,1987]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="957" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAAFFCEFF4543ECFBA926B0" box="[810,1030,1731,1755]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">External morphology:</emphasis>
|
||
Body ranging from mustard yellow to pale green (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13502A68FFAAFFCEFFC943CDFB852691" box="[934,1066,1762,1786]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="17.[129,194,1682,1706]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,143,1654]" captionTargetId="figure-114@17.[129,1473,143,1654]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 9. Live specimens of Cyerce antillensis. A, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing notum; actual size, 8 mm alive.B, specimen from Cayman Islands photographed underwater by Everett Turner.C, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing ventral surface of foot. D, specimen from Lee Stocking Island, Bahamas; actual size, 9 mm alive.Photograph credit:Anne DuPont.E, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing notum; actual size, 5 mm preserved.F, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing close-up of pericardial complex; actual size, 9 mm alive." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240945" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11240945/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">Fig. 9A, E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
) and to darker green (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13502A68FFAAFFCEF97543CDFA2C2691" box="[1306,1411,1762,1786]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="17.[129,194,1682,1706]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,143,1654]" captionTargetId="figure-114@17.[129,1473,143,1654]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 9. Live specimens of Cyerce antillensis. A, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing notum; actual size, 8 mm alive.B, specimen from Cayman Islands photographed underwater by Everett Turner.C, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing ventral surface of foot. D, specimen from Lee Stocking Island, Bahamas; actual size, 9 mm alive.Photograph credit:Anne DuPont.E, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing notum; actual size, 5 mm preserved.F, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing close-up of pericardial complex; actual size, 9 mm alive." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240945" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11240945/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">Fig. 9B, D</figureCitation>
|
||
; see also
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAAFFCEFF35422DFBBC2771" author="Turner EM & Evans E & Abgarian C" box="[858,1043,1794,1818]" pageId="16" pageNumber="956" refId="ref28831" refString="Turner EM, Evans E, Abgarian C. Cayman has Nudibranchs and Other Sea Slugs. Middletown, 2020, 216." type="book" year="2020">
|
||
Turner
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAAFFCEFFC7422DFC762771" box="[936,985,1794,1818]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2020
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Notum, foot colour translucent white, with white speckling along margin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13502A68FFAAFFCEF8DF420EFB512752" box="[1200,1278,1825,1849]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="17.[129,194,1682,1706]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,143,1654]" captionTargetId="figure-114@17.[129,1473,143,1654]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 9. Live specimens of Cyerce antillensis. A, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing notum; actual size, 8 mm alive.B, specimen from Cayman Islands photographed underwater by Everett Turner.C, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing ventral surface of foot. D, specimen from Lee Stocking Island, Bahamas; actual size, 9 mm alive.Photograph credit:Anne DuPont.E, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing notum; actual size, 5 mm preserved.F, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing close-up of pericardial complex; actual size, 9 mm alive." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240945" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11240945/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">Fig. 9C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Head white to pale yellow in ground colour, with greyish patches outlining eyes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13502A68FFAAFFCEFF094270FC4A271C" box="[870,997,1887,1912]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="17.[129,194,1682,1706]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,143,1654]" captionTargetId="figure-114@17.[129,1473,143,1654]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 9. Live specimens of Cyerce antillensis. A, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing notum; actual size, 8 mm alive.B, specimen from Cayman Islands photographed underwater by Everett Turner.C, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing ventral surface of foot. D, specimen from Lee Stocking Island, Bahamas; actual size, 9 mm alive.Photograph credit:Anne DuPont.E, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing notum; actual size, 5 mm preserved.F, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing close-up of pericardial complex; actual size, 9 mm alive." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240945" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11240945/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">Fig. 9A, E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
); head darker grey on
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37C767DFFAAFFCEF8A1424FFADD271C" box="[1230,1394,1887,1912]" name="Cayman Islands" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">Cayman Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
specimens (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13502A68FFAAFFCEFF1E4250FC1427FC" box="[881,955,1919,1943]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="17.[129,194,1682,1706]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,143,1654]" captionTargetId="figure-114@17.[129,1473,143,1654]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 9. Live specimens of Cyerce antillensis. A, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing notum; actual size, 8 mm alive.B, specimen from Cayman Islands photographed underwater by Everett Turner.C, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing ventral surface of foot. D, specimen from Lee Stocking Island, Bahamas; actual size, 9 mm alive.Photograph credit:Anne DuPont.E, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing notum; actual size, 5 mm preserved.F, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing close-up of pericardial complex; actual size, 9 mm alive." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240945" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11240945/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="956">Fig. 9D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Rhinophores white to pale yellow, overlaid with grey and burgundy patches and speckled with white dots, most concentrated at tips. Oral tentacles similar in colour pattern to rhinophores.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF146665FFABFFCFFCEE43BDFA272695" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240945" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11240945" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11240945/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="957" startId="17.[129,194,1682,1706]" targetBox="[129,1473,143,1654]" targetPageId="17" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436EDFFABFFCFFCEE43BDFA272695" blockId="17.[129,1471,1682,1790]" pageId="17" pageNumber="957">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFABFFCFFCEE43BDFF7726C1" bold="true" box="[129,216,1682,1706]" pageId="17" pageNumber="957">Figure 9.</emphasis>
|
||
Live specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFABFFCFFDE443BCFD8B26C1" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[395,548,1682,1706]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="17" pageNumber="957" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFABFFCFFDE443BCFD8B26C1" box="[395,548,1682,1706]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="957">Cyerce antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing notum; actual size, 8 mm alive. B, specimen from Cayman Islands photographed underwater by Everett Turner. C, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing ventral surface of foot. D, specimen from Lee Stocking Island, Bahamas; actual size, 9 mm alive. Photograph credit: Anne DuPont. E, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing notum; actual size, 5 mm preserved. F, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing close-up of pericardial complex; actual size, 9 mm alive.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436EDFFABFFCFFCF34242FA3C27A8" blockId="17.[129,778,1838,1987]" lastBlockId="17.[825,1474,1838,1987]" pageId="17" pageNumber="957">
|
||
Pericardium white, raised, irregularly shaped. Anal papilla grey or white, anterior and to the right of pericardium. Dorsal vessels radiating out from pericardial complex, either clear (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13502A68FFABFFCFFE8C4284FCDE272E" box="[739,881,1838,1987]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="17.[129,194,1682,1706]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,143,1654]" captionTargetId="figure-114@17.[129,1473,143,1654]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 9. Live specimens of Cyerce antillensis. A, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing notum; actual size, 8 mm alive.B, specimen from Cayman Islands photographed underwater by Everett Turner.C, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing ventral surface of foot. D, specimen from Lee Stocking Island, Bahamas; actual size, 9 mm alive.Photograph credit:Anne DuPont.E, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing notum; actual size, 5 mm preserved.F, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing close-up of pericardial complex; actual size, 9 mm alive." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240945" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11240945/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="957">Fig. 9A, E</figureCitation>
|
||
) or capped in white for part of their length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13502A68FFABFFCFF9584201FAD1272D" box="[1335,1406,1838,1862]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="17.[129,194,1682,1706]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,143,1654]" captionTargetId="figure-114@17.[129,1473,143,1654]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 9. Live specimens of Cyerce antillensis. A, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing notum; actual size, 8 mm alive.B, specimen from Cayman Islands photographed underwater by Everett Turner.C, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing ventral surface of foot. D, specimen from Lee Stocking Island, Bahamas; actual size, 9 mm alive.Photograph credit:Anne DuPont.E, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing notum; actual size, 5 mm preserved.F, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing close-up of pericardial complex; actual size, 9 mm alive." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240945" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11240945/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="957">Fig. 9F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Two lateral vessels emerging per side, forking, with each branch running to the base of one ceras (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13502A68FFABFFCFF80C4242FB6E27EF" box="[1123,1217,1901,1925]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="17.[129,194,1682,1706]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,143,1654]" captionTargetId="figure-114@17.[129,1473,143,1654]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 9. Live specimens of Cyerce antillensis. A, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing notum; actual size, 8 mm alive.B, specimen from Cayman Islands photographed underwater by Everett Turner.C, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing ventral surface of foot. D, specimen from Lee Stocking Island, Bahamas; actual size, 9 mm alive.Photograph credit:Anne DuPont.E, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing notum; actual size, 5 mm preserved.F, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing close-up of pericardial complex; actual size, 9 mm alive." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240945" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11240945/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="957">Fig. 9E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Paired posterior vessels running length of notum to base of pointed tail, with short side branches emerging to connect to cerata along body margin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF146665FFA8FFCCFC1E4204FCA82717" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240947" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11240947" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11240947/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="958" startId="18.[113,178,1835,1859]" targetBox="[255,1316,144,1808]" targetPageId="18" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436EDFFA8FFCCFC1E4204FCA82717" blockId="18.[113,1457,1835,1916]" pageId="18" pageNumber="958">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFA8FFCCFC1E4204FF79272F" bold="true" box="[113,214,1835,1860]" pageId="18" pageNumber="958">Figure 10.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFA8FFCCFCB54203FEDC272F" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[218,371,1836,1860]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="18" pageNumber="958" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFA8FFCCFCB54203FEDC272F" box="[218,371,1836,1860]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="958">Cyerce antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, radular scanning electron micrographs for isolates 10Bim01 (A–C) and MM109A (LACM 2004-04-9A; D, E). A, complete radula, including ascus, from isolate 10Bim01. B, leading tooth. C, close-up of ascus. D, complete radula from isolate MM109A; ascus not present. E, close-up of inset box, showing teeth on ascending limb.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF146665FFA9FFCDFCEE4229FD4D2775" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240949" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11240949" box="[129,738,1798,1823]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11240949/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="959" startId="19.[129,194,1798,1822]" targetBox="[132,1469,150,1768]" targetPageId="19" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436EDFFA9FFCDFCEE4229FD4D2775" blockId="19.[129,738,1798,1823]" box="[129,738,1798,1823]" pageId="19" pageNumber="959">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFA9FFCDFCEE4229FF4A2775" bold="true" box="[129,229,1798,1822]" pageId="19" pageNumber="959">Figure 11.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFA9FFCDFC864228FE2D2774" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[233,386,1799,1823]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="19" pageNumber="959" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFA9FFCDFC864228FE2D2774" box="[233,386,1799,1823]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="959">Cyerce antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, original drawing from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFA9FFCDFE314228FD722774" author="Engel H" box="[606,733,1799,1823]" pageId="19" pageNumber="959" pagination="117 - 8" refId="ref25585" refString="Engel H. Westindische Opisthobranchiate Mollusken: (mit 38 Figuren im Text). Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde 1927; 25: 117 - 8." type="journal article" year="1927">Engel (1927)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436EDFFA9FFCAFCF34260FF1D214E" blockId="19.[129,778,1870,1988]" lastBlockId="20.[113,763,144,293]" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="960" pageId="19" pageNumber="959">
|
||
Cerata partly inflated, fan shaped; translucent, with scattered white specks (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13502A68FFA9FFCDFD7E4241FEE727ED" box="[273,328,1902,1926]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="17.[129,194,1682,1706]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,143,1654]" captionTargetId="figure-114@17.[129,1473,143,1654]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 9. Live specimens of Cyerce antillensis. A, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing notum; actual size, 8 mm alive.B, specimen from Cayman Islands photographed underwater by Everett Turner.C, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing ventral surface of foot. D, specimen from Lee Stocking Island, Bahamas; actual size, 9 mm alive.Photograph credit:Anne DuPont.E, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing notum; actual size, 5 mm preserved.F, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing close-up of pericardial complex; actual size, 9 mm alive." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240945" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11240945/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="959">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
). Cerata densely packed with spherical glandular inclusions, ranging from almost translucent to pale yellow and varying within a ceras; darker yellow inclusions usually most concentrated along ceratal margins. Density and number of yellow spherical bodies imparting darker yellow colour to some cerata on individual specimens (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13502A68FFA9FFCDF8A342A2FAB627CE" box="[1228,1305,1933,1957]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="17.[129,194,1682,1706]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,143,1654]" captionTargetId="figure-114@17.[129,1473,143,1654]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 9. Live specimens of Cyerce antillensis. A, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing notum; actual size, 8 mm alive.B, specimen from Cayman Islands photographed underwater by Everett Turner.C, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing ventral surface of foot. D, specimen from Lee Stocking Island, Bahamas; actual size, 9 mm alive.Photograph credit:Anne DuPont.E, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing notum; actual size, 5 mm preserved.F, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing close-up of pericardial complex; actual size, 9 mm alive." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240945" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11240945/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="959">Fig. 9D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Base of cerata often with a burgundy line extending onto body, typically located dorsomedially on ceras (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13502A68FFAEFFCAFDD245BFFD8F20CC" box="[445,544,144,168]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="17.[129,194,1682,1706]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,143,1654]" captionTargetId="figure-114@17.[129,1473,143,1654]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 9. Live specimens of Cyerce antillensis. A, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing notum; actual size, 8 mm alive.B, specimen from Cayman Islands photographed underwater by Everett Turner.C, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing ventral surface of foot. D, specimen from Lee Stocking Island, Bahamas; actual size, 9 mm alive.Photograph credit:Anne DuPont.E, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing notum; actual size, 5 mm preserved.F, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing close-up of pericardial complex; actual size, 9 mm alive." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240945" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11240945/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">Fig. 9A, E</figureCitation>
|
||
) but missing entirely on some specimens (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13502A68FFAEFFCAFD234580FE3C20AC" box="[332,403,175,199]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="17.[129,194,1682,1706]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,143,1654]" captionTargetId="figure-114@17.[129,1473,143,1654]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 9. Live specimens of Cyerce antillensis. A, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing notum; actual size, 8 mm alive.B, specimen from Cayman Islands photographed underwater by Everett Turner.C, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing ventral surface of foot. D, specimen from Lee Stocking Island, Bahamas; actual size, 9 mm alive.Photograph credit:Anne DuPont.E, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing notum; actual size, 5 mm preserved.F, specimen from Bimini, Bahamas, showing close-up of pericardial complex; actual size, 9 mm alive." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240945" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11240945/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">Fig. 9F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ceratal margin usually crenulate, with pointed extensions outlined with white or yellow specks, sometimes with one or more larger yellow spots of irregular shape.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436EDFFAEFFCAFC1E4468FE8D237E" blockId="20.[113,763,327,852]" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAFC1E4468FEE72134" box="[113,328,327,351]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">Internal morphology:</emphasis>
|
||
Buccal mass <
|
||
<quantity id="4C939B08FFAEFFCAFD994468FD962135" box="[502,569,327,351]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; pharyngeal pouch much larger than buccal bulb.
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6DFD64FFAEFFCAFE654449FD0C2115" box="[522,675,358,382]" count="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" type="generic">One specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="4C939B08FFAEFFCAFED74449FD552116" box="[696,762,358,382]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
|
||
body length) with a total of 21 radular teeth, 10 on ascending limb and 11 on descending limb (isolate 10Bim01); second specimen with 11 teeth on ascending limb and 9 on descending limb (isolate
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED7AAE28FFAEFFCAFC9944CCFEEF2190" box="[246,320,483,507]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" name="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" type="Museum">LACM</collectionCode>
|
||
<date id="FFD5102DFFAEFFCAFD2B44CCFE022190" box="[324,429,483,507]" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" value="2004-04-09">2004.04.9</date>
|
||
A;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13502A68FFAEFFCAFDA744CCFDB12190" box="[456,542,483,507]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="18.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[255,1316,144,1808]" captionTargetId="figure-7@18.[255,1316,144,1808]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 10. Cyerce antillensis, radular scanning electron micrographs for isolates 10Bim01 (A–C) and MM109A (LACM 2004-04-9A; D, E). A, complete radula, including ascus, from isolate 10Bim01. B, leading tooth. C, close-up of ascus.D, complete radula from isolate MM109A; ascus not present. E, close-up of inset box, showing teeth on ascending limb." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240947" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11240947/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">Fig. 10A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Teeth with distinctively rhomboid shape along cutting edge, extending from long, narrow base, over which previous tooth lies (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13502A68FFAEFFCAFE59470DFD0A2252" box="[566,677,546,570]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="18.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[255,1316,144,1808]" captionTargetId="figure-7@18.[255,1316,144,1808]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 10. Cyerce antillensis, radular scanning electron micrographs for isolates 10Bim01 (A–C) and MM109A (LACM 2004-04-9A; D, E). A, complete radula, including ascus, from isolate 10Bim01. B, leading tooth. C, close-up of ascus.D, complete radula from isolate MM109A; ascus not present. E, close-up of inset box, showing teeth on ascending limb." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240947" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11240947/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">Fig. 10A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Tooth angled (25°), tapering to pointed tip with a downward-facing front denticle, giving a blunted appearance to very tip of tooth. Leading tooth 60 µm long on specimen 10Bim01, 67 µm long on specimen
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED7AAE28FFAEFFCAFCB547B0FE8B22DC" box="[218,292,671,695]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" name="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" type="Museum">LACM</collectionCode>
|
||
<date id="FFD5102DFFAEFFCAFD4447B0FE3F22DC" box="[299,400,671,695]" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" value="2004-04-09">2004.04.9</date>
|
||
A (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13502A68FFAEFFCAFDDB47B0FDA622DC" box="[436,521,671,695]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="18.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[255,1316,144,1808]" captionTargetId="figure-7@18.[255,1316,144,1808]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 10. Cyerce antillensis, radular scanning electron micrographs for isolates 10Bim01 (A–C) and MM109A (LACM 2004-04-9A; D, E). A, complete radula, including ascus, from isolate 10Bim01. B, leading tooth. C, close-up of ascus.D, complete radula from isolate MM109A; ascus not present. E, close-up of inset box, showing teeth on ascending limb." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240947" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11240947/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">Fig. 10B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Leading tooth with a row of 11 denticles distributed evenly along either side of tooth; denticles slightly backward-curving to a point. Ascus with> 10 pre-radular teeth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436EDFFAEFFCAFCE24633FD46233F" blockId="20.[113,763,327,852]" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">
|
||
Penis with cylindrical stylet at opening; stylet <50 µm in length, with pointed triangular tip and oval opening (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13502A68FFAEFFCAFEE14613FD77233F" box="[654,728,828,852]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="16.[115,180,1204,1228]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1176]" captionTargetId="figure-341@16.[114,1458,144,1176]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 8. Stained and mounted penial stylets of Cyerce species from the Western Atlantic. Black arrow indicates stylet.A, Cyerce nicholasi, isolate 10Bim03. B, Cyerce piercei, isolate KM66. C, Cyerce ellingsonorum, isolate 06Jam05. D, Cyerce antillensis, isolate 10Bim01.E, Cyerce browneveorum, isolate 09Gei01.F, Cyerce willetteorum, isolate 07Stir01.G, Cyerce cf. cristallina, isolate B101." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240943" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11240943/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">Fig. 8D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3716566FFAEFFCAFDFE465CFDF92502" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436EDFFAEFFCAFDFE465CFE7423E6" blockId="20.[401,475,883,909]" box="[401,475,883,909]" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAFDFE465CFE7423E6" box="[401,475,883,909]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">Ecology</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436EDFFAEFFCAFC1E46B5FE12239B" blockId="20.[113,762,922,1009]" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">
|
||
Feeds on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAEFFCAFCBF46B4FE9623D9" authorityName="J. V. Lamouroux" authorityYear="1816" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" box="[208,313,923,946]" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Halimedaceae" genus="Halimeda" kingdom="Plantae" order="Bryopsidales" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="species" species="opuntia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAFCBF46B4FE9623D9" box="[208,313,923,946]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">H. opuntia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, especially in areas of high flow. Not sampled on alternative host algae. Specimens collected from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAEFFCAFEE04695FD5523BA" authorityName="J. V. Lamouroux" authorityYear="1816" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" box="[655,762,954,977]" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Halimedaceae" genus="Halimeda" kingdom="Plantae" order="Bryopsidales" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="species" species="opuntia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAFEE04695FD5523BA" box="[655,762,954,977]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">H. opuntia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
would not feed on
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAFD5F46F6FE19239A" box="[304,438,985,1009]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">
|
||
Pe.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAEFFCAFD3E46F6FE19239A" authorityName="Blainville" authorityYear="1830" baseAuthorityName="J. V. Lamouroux" box="[337,438,985,1009]" class="Bivalvia" family="Penicillidae" genus="Penicillus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dumetosus">dumetosus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436EDFFAEFFCAFD19413FFE5A2441" blockId="20.[374,501,1040,1066]" box="[374,501,1040,1066]" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAFD19413FFE5A2441" box="[374,501,1040,1066]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">Reproduction</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436EDFFAEFFCAFC1E4118FDF92502" blockId="20.[113,763,1079,1385]" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">
|
||
Reproductive data were obtained for clutches laid by specimens from Sweetings Cay,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37C767DFFAEFFCAFDDF4179FDA32405" box="[432,524,1110,1134]" name="Bahamas" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">Bahamas</collectingCountry>
|
||
in 2010. Egg masses lacked extracapsular yolk and had one embryo per capsule. The mean ± SEM diameter of uncleaved ova was 62.0 ± 1.7 μm (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAFC13419AFF2024A7" box="[124,143,1205,1228]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 7) for one clutch and 61.6 ± 2.1 μm (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAFE48419AFD9524A7" box="[551,570,1205,1228]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 15) for a second clutch. The mean ± SEM larval shell width across the aperture was 101.9 ± 1.3 μm (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAFD3141DCFEDE2561" box="[350,369,1267,1290]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 25) for one clutch. Both egg and larval shell diameters are within the size range for planktotrophic species in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAEFFCAFC8C401EFEFE2522" authorityName="Von Ihering" authorityYear="1876" box="[227,337,1329,1353]" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="20" pageNumber="977" rank="order">Sacoglossa</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAEFFCAFD0A401DFDBB2522" author="Krug PJ & Vendetti JE & Ellingson RA" box="[357,532,1329,1354]" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" pagination="983 - 99" refId="ref26916" refString="Krug PJ, Vendetti JE, Ellingson RA et al. Species selection favors dispersive life histories in sea slugs, but higher per-offspring investment drives shifts to short-lived larvae. Systematic Biology 2015; 64: 983 - 99. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / sysbio / syv 046" type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||
Krug
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAFDCC401DFE782522" box="[419,471,1329,1353]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Larvae swam upon hatching, and no metamorphosis was observed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3716566FFAEFFCBFDE340A7FA1B2525" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="961" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436EDFFAEFFCAFDE340A7FE4F25C9" blockId="20.[396,480,1416,1442]" box="[396,480,1416,1442]" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAFDE340A7FE4F25C9" box="[396,480,1416,1442]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436EDFFAEFFCAFC1E4080FD772715" blockId="20.[113,763,1455,1980]" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">
|
||
Specimens identified provisionally as ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAEFFCAFD984080FD3225AC" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[503,669,1455,1479]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAFD984080FD3225AC" box="[503,669,1455,1479]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">Cyerce antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’ were recovered as six lineages, supported as distinct candidate species by all molecular species delimitation analyses (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13502A68FFAEFFCAFE2740C2FD2F266E" box="[584,640,1517,1541]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="8.[113,178,1844,1868]" captionTargetBox="[400,1174,149,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-7@8.[399,1174,148,1815]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 2. Consensus phylogenetic tree for Cyerce and Sohgenia based on maximum likelihood (ML) analysis of three concatenated loci. Percentages corresponding to significant bootstrap support are given below branches, and posterior probabilities from Bayesian inference (BI) analysis are shown in bold above branches. Capital letters label three key supported nodes. Haplotypes are coded by date–location–specimen number on terminals. Results of four species delimitation analyses are indicated by vertical bars; horizontal shaded bars enclose specimens grouped as species entities by all methods." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240929" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11240929/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). The taxon we recognize as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAEFFCAFD784322FE3C264E" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[279,403,1549,1573]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAFD784322FE3C264E" box="[279,403,1549,1573]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">C. antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was the most widely distributed of the six species, ranging from the northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37C767DFFAEFFCAFE4D4303FDD1262F" box="[546,638,1580,1604]" name="Bahamas" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">Bahamas</collectingCountry>
|
||
and Florida Keys to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37C767DFFAEFFCAFCA94364FE832608" box="[198,300,1611,1635]" name="Dominica" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">Dominica</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37C767DFFAEFFCAFD304364FE1A2608" box="[351,437,1611,1635]" name="Curaçao" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">Curaçao</collectingCountry>
|
||
in the south-eastern Caribbean and to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37C767DFFAEFFCAFCAF4344FEBE26E9" box="[192,273,1643,1666]" name="Panama" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
in the south-western Caribbean. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D0884FFFAEFFCAFEC84344FD7A26E8" box="[679,725,1643,1667]" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37C767DFFAEFFCAFCD743A5FEA426C9" box="[184,267,1674,1698]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">Tobago</collectingCountry>
|
||
) was not sampled in the present study, but was close to sampled localities (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37C767DFFAEFFCAFDFB4386FE5126AA" box="[404,510,1705,1729]" name="Dominica" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">Dominica</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37C767DFFAEFFCAFE594386FD3E26AA" box="[566,657,1705,1729]" name="Curaçao" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">Curaçao</collectingCountry>
|
||
). Notably,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAEFFCAFC1E43E6FF40268A" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[113,239,1737,1761]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAFC1E43E6FF40268A" box="[113,239,1737,1761]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">C. antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
co-occurs with at least three of the other complex members (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAEFFCAFC8C43C7FEFA276B" authorityName="Moreno & Rico & Middlebrooks & Medrano & Valdés & Krug" authorityYear="2024" box="[227,341,1768,1792]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="nicholasi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAFC8C43C7FEFA276B" box="[227,341,1768,1792]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">C. nicholasi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAEFFCAFD0D43C7FE12276B" authorityName="Moreno & Rico & Middlebrooks & Medrano & Valdés & Krug" authorityYear="2024" box="[354,445,1768,1792]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="piercei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAFD0D43C7FE12276B" box="[354,445,1768,1792]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">C. piercei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAEFFCAFD9E43C7FD32276B" authorityName="Moreno & Rico & Middlebrooks & Medrano & Valdés & Krug" authorityYear="2024" box="[497,669,1768,1792]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="browneveorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAFD9E43C7FD32276B" box="[497,669,1768,1792]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">C. browneveorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and its range encompasses the narrow endemic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAEFFCAFE4B4227FD112774" authorityName="Moreno & Rico & Middlebrooks & Medrano & Valdés & Krug" authorityYear="2024" box="[548,702,1799,1823]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="willetteorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAFE4B4227FD112774" box="[548,702,1799,1823]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">C. willetteorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Great Stirrup Cay,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37C767DFFAEFFCAFD5E4209FE202755" box="[305,399,1830,1854]" name="Bahamas" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">Bahamas</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The overlapping ranges of multiple pseudocryptic species have contributed to the confusion over the identity and ecology of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAEFFCAFDE84249FDAD2716" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[391,514,1893,1917]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAFDE84249FDAD2716" box="[391,514,1893,1917]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">C. antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for almost a century.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436EDFFAEFFCAFCE242ABFC72247E" blockId="20.[113,763,1455,1980]" lastBlockId="20.[810,1460,144,1985]" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAEFFCAFCE242ABFEB527F6" author="Engel H" box="[141,282,1924,1949]" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" pagination="117 - 8" refId="ref25585" refString="Engel H. Westindische Opisthobranchiate Mollusken: (mit 38 Figuren im Text). Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde 1927; 25: 117 - 8." type="journal article" year="1927">Engel (1927)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAEFFCAFDFE42AAFDBF27F7" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[401,528,1924,1948]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAFDFE42AAFDBF27F7" box="[401,528,1924,1948]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">C. antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on several preserved specimens, some mutilated and all lacking their original coloration, which impeded comparison with other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAEFFCAFF45459FFCC520AC" authorityName="Bergh" authorityYear="1871" box="[810,874,176,199]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAFF45459FFCC520AC" box="[810,874,176,199]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">Cyerce</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D0884FFFAEFFCAFFC4459FFBAA20A3" box="[939,1029,176,200]" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAEFFCAF842459FFB0120AC" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[1069,1198,175,199]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAF842459FFB0120AC" box="[1069,1198,175,199]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">C. antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
had a transverse groove across the foot, bifurcated rhinophores, enrolled oral tentacles, penis at the base of the right rhinophore, dorsomedially placed and elevated pericardium, and anal papillae situated anteromedially between the pericardium and right rhinophore (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAEFFCAFF5A4463FC1F210F" author="Engel H" box="[821,944,332,356]" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" pagination="117 - 8" refId="ref25585" refString="Engel H. Westindische Opisthobranchiate Mollusken: (mit 38 Figuren im Text). Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde 1927; 25: 117 - 8." type="journal article" year="1927">Engel 1927</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, those characteristics are all shared among the six species recognized here in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAEFFCAF95F4443FA1C21E8" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[1328,1459,363,387]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAF95F4443FA1C21E8" box="[1328,1459,363,387]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">C. antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex. The drawings and description of the radula and penial stylet provided in the original description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAEFFCAF8914485FAD421A9" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[1278,1403,426,450]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAF8914485FAD421A9" box="[1278,1403,426,450]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">C. antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13502A68FFAEFFCAF9E24485FCEB218A" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="19.[129,194,1798,1822]" captionTargetBox="[132,1469,150,1768]" captionTargetId="figure-87@19.[129,1473,145,1770]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figure 11. Cyerce antillensis, original drawing from Engel (1927)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240949" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11240949/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||
) provide the most diagnostic characters for differentiating the name-bearing species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAEFFCAF85644C6FB17226B" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[1081,1208,488,512]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAF85644C6FB17226B" box="[1081,1208,488,512]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">C. antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the five candidate species delimited in the present study. The illustration of the radular tooth of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAEFFCAFFB94708FBE32254" authorityName="Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[982,1100,551,575]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillenis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAFFB94708FBE32254" box="[982,1100,551,575]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">C. antillenis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
matches in all respects that of the species we identify as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAEFFCAF87F4768FAF62235" authority="sensu Engel (1927)" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[1040,1369,582,606]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAF87F4768FB682235" box="[1040,1223,582,606]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">C. antillensis sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAEFFCAF8A14769FAF62235" author="Engel H" box="[1230,1369,582,606]" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" pagination="117 - 8" refId="ref25585" refString="Engel H. Westindische Opisthobranchiate Mollusken: (mit 38 Figuren im Text). Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde 1927; 25: 117 - 8." type="journal article" year="1927">Engel (1927)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but not any of the other Caribbean species delimited herein. The tooth, as drawn by Engel (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13502A68FFAEFFCAFF9A47AAFB9422F6" box="[1013,1083,645,669]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="19.[129,194,1798,1822]" captionTargetBox="[132,1469,150,1768]" captionTargetId="figure-87@19.[129,1473,145,1770]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figure 11. Cyerce antillensis, original drawing from Engel (1927)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11240949" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11240949/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||
), is rhomboid, straight and serrated, with denticles that were visible individually by light microscopy; the tip is blunt, with a slightly pronounced downward-facing cusp. A gentle, lateral indentation, running parallel to the base of the tooth, is also figured.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAEFFCAF824462DFB792371" author="Engel H" box="[1099,1238,770,794]" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" pagination="117 - 8" refId="ref25585" refString="Engel H. Westindische Opisthobranchiate Mollusken: (mit 38 Figuren im Text). Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde 1927; 25: 117 - 8." type="journal article" year="1927">Engel (1927)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also reported radular tooth counts of 7 and 11 teeth in the ascending and descending limbs, respectively, from
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6DFD64FFAEFFCAF842466EFB112332" box="[1069,1214,833,857]" count="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
, 10 and 10 teeth in the ascending and descending limbs of a second specimen, and both having a disordered pile of teeth in the ascus. Thus, only one of our delimited species has a tooth shape and radular count consistent with that described for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAEFFCAF8074690FB4A23BD" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[1128,1253,958,982]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAF8074690FB4A23BD" box="[1128,1253,958,982]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">C. antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, allowing a positive identification of this species despite its long history of taxonomic confusion.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436EDFFAEFFCAFF2A4133FBB72525" blockId="20.[810,1460,144,1985]" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">
|
||
Both tooth shape and number are very different in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAEFFCAF9154132FC25243F" authorityName="Trinchese" authorityYear="1881" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cristallina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAF9154132FA3E245F" box="[1402,1425,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">C.</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAFF454113FC25243F" box="[810,906,1084,1108]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">cristallina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which has straight, very slender teeth. The tooth shape of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAEFFCAFF2B4174FC6E2418" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[836,961,1115,1139]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAFF2B4174FC6E2418" box="[836,961,1115,1139]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">C. antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was also clearly distinct from that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAEFFCAF94F4174FA3E2418" authorityName="Moreno & Rico & Middlebrooks & Medrano & Valdés & Krug" authorityYear="2024" box="[1312,1425,1115,1139]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="nicholasi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAF94F4174FA3E2418" box="[1312,1425,1115,1139]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">C. nicholasi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAEFFCAF9F24174FCC724F9" authorityName="Moreno & Rico & Middlebrooks & Medrano & Valdés & Krug" authorityYear="2024" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="piercei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAF9F24174FCC724F9" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">C. piercei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAEFFCAFFCE4154FBE624F9" authorityName="Moreno & Rico & Middlebrooks & Medrano & Valdés & Krug" authorityYear="2024" box="[929,1097,1146,1170]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ellingsonorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAFFCE4154FBE624F9" box="[929,1097,1146,1170]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">C. ellingsonorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which have thinner, more angled teeth, with differently shaped tips; all those candidate species also have fewer teeth, especially in the ascending limb, than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAEFFCAFF4541F6FC06249B" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[810,937,1240,1264]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAFF4541F6FC06249B" box="[810,937,1240,1264]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">C. antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Overall tooth shape is also markedly different in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAEFFCAFF4541D7FC782564" authorityName="Moreno & Rico & Middlebrooks & Medrano & Valdés & Krug" authorityYear="2024" box="[810,983,1271,1295]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="browneveorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAFF4541D7FC782564" box="[810,983,1271,1295]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">C. browneveorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which has thinner, more angled teeth with a wider base; lacks the downward notch at the tip; and has fewer teeth than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAEFFCAFFF94018FBBD2525" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[918,1042,1334,1358]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAFFF94018FBBD2525" box="[918,1042,1334,1358]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">C. antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436EDFFAEFFCAFF2A407AFAAC276E" blockId="20.[810,1460,144,1985]" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAEFFCAFF2A407AFC792505" author="Engel H" box="[837,982,1365,1390]" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" pagination="117 - 8" refId="ref25585" refString="Engel H. Westindische Opisthobranchiate Mollusken: (mit 38 Figuren im Text). Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde 1927; 25: 117 - 8." type="journal article" year="1927">Engel (1927)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also described and figured
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAEFFCAF9604079FA3D2506" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[1295,1426,1365,1389]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAF9604079FA3D2506" box="[1295,1426,1365,1389]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">C. antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as having a short, pointed stylet at the opening of the penis, comparable to our specimens. In contrast, the long, curved stylet of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAEFFCAFF27409BFC1125A0" authorityName="Moreno & Rico & Middlebrooks & Medrano & Valdés & Krug" authorityYear="2024" box="[840,958,1459,1483]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="nicholasi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAFF27409BFC1125A0" box="[840,958,1459,1483]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">C. nicholasi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is entirely distinct. The stylet of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAEFFCAF94A409BFA2C25A0" authorityName="Moreno & Rico & Middlebrooks & Medrano & Valdés & Krug" authorityYear="2024" box="[1317,1411,1460,1483]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="piercei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAF94A409BFA2C25A0" box="[1317,1411,1460,1483]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">C. piercei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was more curved than that figured for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAEFFCAF8E340FCFAA62580" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[1164,1289,1491,1515]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAF8E340FCFAA62580" box="[1164,1289,1491,1515]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">C. antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, whereas that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAEFFCAFF4540DCFC7F2661" authorityName="Moreno & Rico & Middlebrooks & Medrano & Valdés & Krug" authorityYear="2024" box="[810,976,1522,1546]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ellingsonorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAFF4540DCFC7F2661" box="[810,976,1522,1546]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">C. ellingsonorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
had a wider, more open tip. Only the material we identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAEFFCAFFBF433DFBE32642" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[976,1100,1553,1577]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAFFBF433DFBE32642" box="[976,1100,1553,1577]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">C. antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a straight, short, pointed stylet matching the original description. Descriptions of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAEFFCAF959431EFA1C2622" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[1334,1459,1585,1609]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAF959431EFA1C2622" box="[1334,1459,1585,1609]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">C. antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAEFFCAFF26437EFBCC2603" author="Marcus E & Marcus EDB-R" box="[841,1123,1616,1640]" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref27338" refString="Marcus E, Marcus EDB-R. Opisthobranchs from the Lesser Antilles. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and Other Caribbean Islands 1963; 19: 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1963">Marcus and Marcus (1963)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAEFFCAF8FA437EFA1C2603" author="Marcus EDB-R & Hughes H" box="[1173,1459,1616,1640]" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" pagination="498 - 532" refId="ref27400" refString="Marcus EDB-R, Hughes H. Opisthobranch Mollusks from Barbados. Bulletin of Marine Science 1974; 24: 498 - 532." type="journal article" year="1974">Marcus and Hughes (1974)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also match our specimens, including in the internal morphology of radular teeth and the penial stylet; the specimens studied by the Marcuses and colleagues were collected from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAEFFCAF95A4381FA3926AD" authorityName="J. V. F. Lamouroux" authorityYear="1812" box="[1333,1430,1710,1734]" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Halimedaceae" genus="Halimeda" kingdom="Plantae" order="Bryopsidales" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAF95A4381FA3926AD" box="[1333,1430,1710,1734]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">Halimeda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37C767DFFAEFFCAFF4543E2FC2F268E" box="[810,896,1741,1765]" name="Curaçao" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">Curaçao</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37C767DFFAEFFCAFFDE43E2FBBC268E" box="[945,1043,1741,1765]" name="Barbados" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">Barbados</collectingCountry>
|
||
, close to the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D0884FFFAEFFCAF8FA43E1FB6C268D" box="[1173,1219,1742,1766]" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAEFFCAF95D43E1FA01268E" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[1330,1454,1741,1765]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAF95D43E1FA01268E" box="[1330,1454,1741,1765]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">C. antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and are consistent with our redescription here.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436EDFFAEFFCBFF2A4222FDB52290" blockId="20.[810,1460,144,1985]" lastBlockId="21.[128,778,144,1985]" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="961" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">
|
||
In all respects, the Western Atlantic species we recognize as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAEFFCAFF454203FC092728" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[810,934,1835,1859]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAFF454203FC092728" box="[810,934,1835,1859]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">C. antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is also the only species matching the description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAEFFCAFF454264FC1E2708" authorityName=", Ortea and Templado" authorityYear="1988" box="[810,945,1867,1891]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="habanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAFF454264FC1E2708" box="[810,945,1867,1891]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">C. habanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Based on external morphology and radular tooth morphology, we consider
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAEFFCAF8594245FB1227E9" authorityName=", Ortea and Templado" authorityYear="1988" box="[1078,1213,1898,1922]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="habanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAF8594245FB1227E9" box="[1078,1213,1898,1922]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">C. habanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAEFFCAF9F24245FC2527CA" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAF9F24245FC2527CA" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">C. antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a conclusion also reached by prior workers (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAEFFCAF93642A6FCD227AA" author="Valdes AA & Hamann J & Behrens D" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" refId="ref28952" refString="Valdes AA, Hamann J, Behrens D et al. Caribbean Sea Slugs. A Field Guide to the Opisthobranch Mollusks from the Tropical Northwestern Atlantic. Gig Harbor: Sea Challengers, 2006." type="book" year="2006">
|
||
Valdés
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAF9CD42A5FCEC27AA" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2006
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAEFFCAFFE54286FBC127AA" author="Goodheart JA & Ellingson RA & Vital XG" box="[906,1134,1961,1985]" pageId="20" pageNumber="960" pagination="56" refId="ref26090" refString="Goodheart JA, Ellingson RA, Vital XG et al. Identification guide to the heterobranch sea slugs (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from Bocas del Toro, Panama. Marine Biodiversity Records 2016; 9: 56." type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||
Goodheart
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAEFFCAF86C4286FB9B27AA" box="[1027,1076,1961,1985]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="960">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2016
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In the original description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBFCEE45BFFDE920C3" authority=", Ortea and Templado (1988)" authorityName=", Ortea and Templado" authorityYear="1988" box="[129,582,144,168]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="habanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFCEE45BFFEA620C3" box="[129,265,144,168]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">C. habanensis</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAFFFCBFD7745BFFDE920C3" author="Ortea J & Templado J" box="[280,582,144,168]" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" pagination="11 - 4" refId="ref28021" refString="Ortea J, Templado J. Una nueva especia de Cyerce Bergh, 1871 (Opisthobranchia: Ascoglossa) de la Isla de Cuba. Iberus 1988; 8: 11 - 4." type="journal article" year="1988">Ortea and Templado (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
include no details from the original description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBFDBB459FFDFD20AC" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[468,594,175,199]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFDBB459FFDFD20AC" box="[468,594,175,199]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">C. antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, nor do they cite it, suggesting that the original description was never consulted. Likewise, the redescriptions of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBFDB745C1FDF5216D" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[472,602,238,262]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFDB745C1FDF5216D" box="[472,602,238,262]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">C. antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAFFFCBFEE445C1FEB4214E" author="Marcus E & Marcus EDB-R" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref27338" refString="Marcus E, Marcus EDB-R. Opisthobranchs from the Lesser Antilles. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and Other Caribbean Islands 1963; 19: 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1963">Marcus and Marcus (1963)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAFFFCBFD254421FDCD214E" author="Marcus EDB-R & Hughes H" box="[330,610,269,293]" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" pagination="498 - 532" refId="ref27400" refString="Marcus EDB-R, Hughes H. Opisthobranch Mollusks from Barbados. Bulletin of Marine Science 1974; 24: 498 - 532." type="journal article" year="1974">Marcus and Hughes (1974)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
are neither cited nor discussed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAFFFCBFD584402FDCC212E" author="Ortea J & Templado J" box="[311,611,301,325]" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" pagination="11 - 4" refId="ref28021" refString="Ortea J, Templado J. Una nueva especia de Cyerce Bergh, 1871 (Opisthobranchia: Ascoglossa) de la Isla de Cuba. Iberus 1988; 8: 11 - 4." type="journal article" year="1988">Ortea and Templado (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. In the remarks comparing
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBFC994463FEDA210F" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[246,373,332,356]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFC994463FEDA210F" box="[246,373,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">C. antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBFDF64463FF6421E8" authority=", Ortea and Templado (1988)" authorityName=", Ortea and Templado" authorityYear="1988" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="habanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFDF64463FD8D210F" box="[409,546,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">C. habanensis</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAFFFCBFE5F4463FF6421E8" author="Ortea J & Templado J" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" pagination="11 - 4" refId="ref28021" refString="Ortea J, Templado J. Una nueva especia de Cyerce Bergh, 1871 (Opisthobranchia: Ascoglossa) de la Isla de Cuba. Iberus 1988; 8: 11 - 4." type="journal article" year="1988">Ortea and Templado (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
draw on details for nominal ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBFE7F4443FD3F21E8" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[528,656,363,387]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFE7F4443FD3F21E8" box="[528,656,363,387]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">C. antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’ only from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAFFFCBFCEE44A4FEEB21C8" author="Thompson TE" box="[129,324,395,419]" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" pagination="93 - 140" refId="ref28692" refString="Thompson TE. Jamaican opisthobranch mollusks I. Journal of Molluscan Studies 1977; 43: 93 - 140." type="journal article" year="1977">Thompson (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, who reported that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBFE4E44A4FD0E21C8" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[545,673,395,419]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFE4E44A4FD0E21C8" box="[545,673,395,419]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">C. antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
had light brown cerata with a dark apex, and brown rhinophores, distinct from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBFCD344E5FEEA218A" authorityName=", Ortea and Templado" authorityYear="1988" box="[188,325,457,481]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="habanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFCD344E5FEEA218A" box="[188,325,457,481]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">C. habanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAFFFCBFDD044E6FD2D218A" author="Thompson TE" box="[447,642,457,481]" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" pagination="93 - 140" refId="ref28692" refString="Thompson TE. Jamaican opisthobranch mollusks I. Journal of Molluscan Studies 1977; 43: 93 - 140." type="journal article" year="1977">Thompson (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
studied preserved specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37C767DFFAFFFCBFD1D44C6FE6C226A" box="[370,451,489,513]" name="Jamaica" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and we show that the common species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBFC874727FE872274" authorityName="Bergh" authorityYear="1871" box="[232,296,520,543]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFC874727FE872274" box="[232,296,520,543]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">Cyerce</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37C767DFFAFFFCBFD0C4727FE1D224B" box="[355,434,520,544]" name="Jamaica" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
|
||
is an endemic taxon distinct from other complex members. Therefore,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAFFFCBFD984708FD182254" author="Thompson TE" box="[503,695,551,575]" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" pagination="93 - 140" refId="ref28692" refString="Thompson TE. Jamaican opisthobranch mollusks I. Journal of Molluscan Studies 1977; 43: 93 - 140." type="journal article" year="1977">Thompson (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
did not describe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBFCB24768FD8D2234" authority="sensu Engel (1927)" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[221,546,582,607]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFCB24768FE3D2235" box="[221,402,582,606]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">C. antillensis sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAFFFCBFDF74769FD8D2234" author="Engel H" box="[408,546,582,607]" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" pagination="117 - 8" refId="ref25585" refString="Engel H. Westindische Opisthobranchiate Mollusken: (mit 38 Figuren im Text). Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde 1927; 25: 117 - 8." type="journal article" year="1927">Engel (1927)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The radular tooth figured by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAFFFCBFCB94749FE382215" author="Thompson TE" box="[214,407,614,638]" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" pagination="93 - 140" refId="ref28692" refString="Thompson TE. Jamaican opisthobranch mollusks I. Journal of Molluscan Studies 1977; 43: 93 - 140." type="journal article" year="1977">Thompson (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
is also distinct from that figured by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAFFFCBFCEE47AAFEA322F6" author="Engel H" box="[129,268,645,669]" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" pagination="117 - 8" refId="ref25585" refString="Engel H. Westindische Opisthobranchiate Mollusken: (mit 38 Figuren im Text). Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde 1927; 25: 117 - 8." type="journal article" year="1927">Engel (1927)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, matching
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBFDEF47A9FD8A22F6" authorityName="Moreno & Rico & Middlebrooks & Medrano & Valdés & Krug" authorityYear="2024" box="[384,549,645,669]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ellingsonorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFDEF47A9FD8A22F6" box="[384,549,645,669]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">C. ellingsonorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37C767DFFAFFFCBFE0947AAFD1A22F6" box="[614,693,645,669]" name="Jamaica" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
|
||
but not
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBFCEE478AFEAF22D7" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[129,256,676,700]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFCEE478AFEAF22D7" box="[129,256,676,700]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">C. antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Thus, the comparison with Jamaican material in the description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBFD5647EBFE1022B7" authorityName=", Ortea and Templado" authorityYear="1988" box="[313,447,708,732]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="habanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFD5647EBFE1022B7" box="[313,447,708,732]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">C. habanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was inappropriate and led to the proposal of a new name for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBFDF647CBFDBB2290" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[409,532,739,763]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFDF647CBFDBB2290" box="[409,532,739,763]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">C. antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436EDFFAFFFCBFCF3462DFDF12580" blockId="21.[128,778,144,1985]" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">
|
||
Morphologically, the species we recognize as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBFEE7462CFCA62371" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[648,777,770,794]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFEE7462CFCA62371" box="[648,777,770,794]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">C. antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is indistinguishable from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBFDC9460DFD972351" authorityName=", Ortea and Templado" authorityYear="1988" box="[422,568,802,826]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="habanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFDC9460DFD972351" box="[422,568,802,826]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">C. habanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and conforms to redescriptions of specimens considered ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBFE4C466DFD0E2332" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[547,673,833,857]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFE4C466DFD0E2332" box="[547,673,833,857]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">C. antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’ collected on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBFCCC464FFEAB2313" authorityName="J. V. F. Lamouroux" authorityYear="1812" box="[163,260,864,888]" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Halimedaceae" genus="Halimeda" kingdom="Plantae" order="Bryopsidales" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFCCC464FFEAB2313" box="[163,260,864,888]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">Halimeda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
near the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D0884FFFAFFFCBFD07464EFE392312" box="[360,406,865,889]" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAFFFCBFD95464EFCAB2313" author="Marcus E & Marcus EDB-R" box="[506,772,864,888]" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref27338" refString="Marcus E, Marcus EDB-R. Opisthobranchs from the Lesser Antilles. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and Other Caribbean Islands 1963; 19: 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1963">Marcus and Marcus 1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAFFFCBFCEE46AFFE3C23F3" author="Marcus EDB-R & Hughes H" box="[129,403,896,920]" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" pagination="498 - 532" refId="ref27400" refString="Marcus EDB-R, Hughes H. Opisthobranch Mollusks from Barbados. Bulletin of Marine Science 1974; 24: 498 - 532." type="journal article" year="1974">Marcus and Hughes 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAFFFCBFDC146AFFD7023F3" author="Ortea J & Templado J" box="[430,735,896,920]" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" pagination="11 - 4" refId="ref28021" refString="Ortea J, Templado J. Una nueva especia de Cyerce Bergh, 1871 (Opisthobranchia: Ascoglossa) de la Isla de Cuba. Iberus 1988; 8: 11 - 4." type="journal article" year="1988">Ortea and Templado (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBFCBB468FFEF123DC" authorityName=", Ortea and Templado" authorityYear="1988" box="[212,350,927,951]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="habanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFCBB468FFEF123DC" box="[212,350,927,951]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">C. habanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37C767DFFAFFFCBFDCC46B0FE7523DC" box="[419,474,927,951]" name="Cuba" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">Cuba</collectingCountry>
|
||
as having transparent cerata with two reddish-brown spots, one at the base of the ceras and a second spot lying above the first spot.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAFFFCBFE5846F1FF64247E" author="Marcus E & Marcus EDB-R" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref27338" refString="Marcus E, Marcus EDB-R. Opisthobranchs from the Lesser Antilles. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and Other Caribbean Islands 1963; 19: 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1963">Marcus and Marcus (1963)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAFFFCBFC9046D1FDB0247E" author="Marcus EDB-R & Hughes H" box="[255,543,1021,1045]" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" pagination="498 - 532" refId="ref27400" refString="Marcus EDB-R, Hughes H. Opisthobranch Mollusks from Barbados. Bulletin of Marine Science 1974; 24: 498 - 532." type="journal article" year="1974">Marcus and Hughes (1974)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
describe and illustrate cerata with the same shape and spotting patterns. The cerata of our specimens had one reddish-brown spot at the base, and some had a second spot above the first.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAFFFCBFD8E4174FCA62418" author="Ortea J & Templado J" box="[481,777,1115,1139]" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" pagination="11 - 4" refId="ref28021" refString="Ortea J, Templado J. Una nueva especia de Cyerce Bergh, 1871 (Opisthobranchia: Ascoglossa) de la Isla de Cuba. Iberus 1988; 8: 11 - 4." type="journal article" year="1988">Ortea and Templado (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also described the ceratal margin as slightly angled, with white pigmentation, as in our specimens. The digestive gland was described as dark green through the body, the pericardium as light brown in colour, with white papillae, and the rhinophores as having superficial white pigmentation, all of which are characteristics of our specimens. The tentacles were described as pigmented with brown; in our specimens, tentacles were pale yellow to light brown, with white specks. Internally, the radular morphology described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAFFFCBFD3E405AFD2F25E6" author="Ortea J & Templado J" box="[337,640,1397,1421]" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" pagination="11 - 4" refId="ref28021" refString="Ortea J, Templado J. Una nueva especia de Cyerce Bergh, 1871 (Opisthobranchia: Ascoglossa) de la Isla de Cuba. Iberus 1988; 8: 11 - 4." type="journal article" year="1988">Ortea and Templado (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
matches our
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBFCEE40BAFF5025C7" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[129,255,1428,1452]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFCEE40BAFF5025C7" box="[129,255,1428,1452]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">C. antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens, although only a rough drawing of the radular tooth was provided in the description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBFE13409BFCAC25A7" authorityName=", Ortea and Templado" authorityYear="1988" box="[636,771,1460,1484]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="habanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFE13409BFCAC25A7" box="[636,771,1460,1484]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">C. habanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and no mention of a penial stylet was included.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436EDFFAFFFCBFCF340DDFD6A276F" blockId="21.[128,778,144,1985]" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAFFFCBFCF340DDFE142661" author="Ortea J & Templado J" box="[156,443,1522,1546]" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" pagination="11 - 4" refId="ref28021" refString="Ortea J, Templado J. Una nueva especia de Cyerce Bergh, 1871 (Opisthobranchia: Ascoglossa) de la Isla de Cuba. Iberus 1988; 8: 11 - 4." type="journal article" year="1988">Ortea and Templado (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported that their material came from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBFCD5433DFE8A2642" authorityName="J. V. Lamouroux" authorityYear="1816" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" box="[186,293,1554,1577]" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Halimedaceae" genus="Halimeda" kingdom="Plantae" order="Bryopsidales" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="species" species="opuntia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFCD5433DFE8A2642" box="[186,293,1554,1577]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">H. opuntia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and was highly cryptic on it. The
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBFEE3433DFCA52641" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[652,778,1554,1578]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFEE3433DFCA52641" box="[652,778,1554,1578]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">C. antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens studied by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAFFFCBFD08431EFD282622" author="Marcus E & Marcus EDB-R" box="[359,647,1585,1609]" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref27338" refString="Marcus E, Marcus EDB-R. Opisthobranchs from the Lesser Antilles. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and Other Caribbean Islands 1963; 19: 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1963">Marcus and Marcus (1963)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAFFFCBFED2431EFEFF2603" author="Marcus EDB-R & Hughes H" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" pagination="498 - 532" refId="ref27400" refString="Marcus EDB-R, Hughes H. Opisthobranch Mollusks from Barbados. Bulletin of Marine Science 1974; 24: 498 - 532." type="journal article" year="1974">Marcus and Hughes (1974)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also came from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBFE6D437FFDCC2603" authorityName="J. V. F. Lamouroux" authorityYear="1812" box="[514,611,1616,1640]" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Halimedaceae" genus="Halimeda" kingdom="Plantae" order="Bryopsidales" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFE6D437FFDCC2603" box="[514,611,1616,1640]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">Halimeda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Our molecular and ecological data confirm that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBFDB9435FFDFB26EC" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[470,596,1647,1671]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFDB9435FFDFB26EC" box="[470,596,1647,1671]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">C. antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the only widespread Caribbean species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBFDCF43A0FE4F26CD" authorityName="Bergh" authorityYear="1871" box="[416,480,1679,1702]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFDCF43A0FE4F26CD" box="[416,480,1679,1702]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">Cyerce</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that consumes the green alga
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBFCEE4380FDA026AD" authority="(Ortea and Templado 1988)" baseAuthorityName="Ortea and Templado" baseAuthorityYear="1988" box="[129,527,1710,1734]" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Halimedaceae" genus="Halimeda" kingdom="Plantae" order="Bryopsidales" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="species" species="opuntia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFCEE4380FF4626AD" box="[129,233,1711,1734]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">H. opuntia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAFFFCBFC974381FDAC26AD" author="Ortea J & Templado J" box="[248,515,1710,1734]" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" pagination="11 - 4" refId="ref28021" refString="Ortea J, Templado J. Una nueva especia de Cyerce Bergh, 1871 (Opisthobranchia: Ascoglossa) de la Isla de Cuba. Iberus 1988; 8: 11 - 4." type="journal article" year="1988">Ortea and Templado 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Thus, both morphology and ecology establish that our
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBFDAA43E1FD68268D" authority="Engel, 1927" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[453,711,1741,1766]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFDAA43E1FDEC268E" box="[453,579,1741,1765]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">C. antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAFFFCBFE2343E2FD68268D" author="Engel H" box="[588,711,1741,1766]" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" pagination="117 - 8" refId="ref25585" refString="Engel H. Westindische Opisthobranchiate Mollusken: (mit 38 Figuren im Text). Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde 1927; 25: 117 - 8." type="journal article" year="1927">Engel, 1927</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the same species as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBFD4D43C2FD10276E" authority="Ortea and Templado, 1988" authorityName=", Ortea and Templado" authorityYear="1988" box="[290,703,1773,1797]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="habanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFD4D43C2FE08276E" box="[290,423,1773,1797]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">C. habanensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAFFFCBFDC243C2FD10276E" author="Ortea J & Templado J" box="[429,703,1773,1797]" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" pagination="11 - 4" refId="ref28021" refString="Ortea J, Templado J. Una nueva especia de Cyerce Bergh, 1871 (Opisthobranchia: Ascoglossa) de la Isla de Cuba. Iberus 1988; 8: 11 - 4." type="journal article" year="1988">Ortea and Templado, 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436EDFFAFFFCBFCF34223FC72218A" blockId="21.[128,778,144,1985]" lastBlockId="21.[825,1475,143,1358]" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">
|
||
The conflicting reports of host use by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBFE4C4222FD0F274F" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[547,672,1804,1828]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFE4C4222FD0F274F" box="[547,672,1804,1828]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">C. antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have contributed to the confusion over the identities of species in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBFE9C4203FF4E2708" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFE9C4203FF4E2708" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">C. antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex. Nominal
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBFDDA4264FD9A2708" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[437,565,1867,1891]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFDDA4264FD9A2708" box="[437,565,1867,1891]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">C. antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens were reported variously to feed on
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFDC64244FD9C27E9" box="[425,563,1898,1922]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">
|
||
Pe.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBFDA14245FD9C27E9" authorityName="Blainville" authorityYear="1830" baseAuthorityName="J. V. Lamouroux" box="[462,563,1898,1922]" class="Bivalvia" family="Penicillidae" genus="Penicillus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dumetosus">dumetosus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAFFFCBFE284245FF1B27C9" author="Clark KB & Busacca M" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" pagination="272 - 82" refId="ref25192" refString="Clark KB, Busacca M. Feeding specificity and chloroplast retention in four tropical Ascoglossa, with a discussion of the extent of chloroplast symbiosis and the evolution of the order. Journal of Molluscan Studies 1978; 44: 272 - 82." type="journal article" year="1978">Clark and Busacca 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAFFFCBFCAD42A5FEED27C9" author="Jensen KR" box="[194,322,1930,1954]" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" pagination="55 - 77" refId="ref26344" refString="Jensen KR. A review of sacoglossan diets, with comparative notes on radular and buccal anatomy. Malacological Review 1980; 13: 55 - 77." type="journal article" year="1980">Jensen 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 1981, 1983, 1993a,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAFFFCBFE4F42A6FD3A27C9" author="Clark KB" box="[544,661,1929,1954]" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" pagination="85 - 97" refId="ref25135" refString="Clark KB. New records and synonymies of Bermuda opisthobranchs (Gastropoda). The Nautilus 1984; 98: 85 - 97." type="journal article" year="1984">Clark 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAFFFCBFECD42A6FEB827AA" author="Clark KB & DeFreese D" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" pagination="259 - 80" refId="ref25236" refString="Clark KB, DeFreese D. Population ecology of Caribbean Ascoglossa (Mollusca: Opisthobranchia): a study of specialized algal herbivores. American Malacological Bulletin 1987; 5: 259 - 80." type="journal article" year="1987">Clark and Defreese 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBFD5F4286FED827AA" authorityName="J. V. F. Lamouroux" authorityYear="1812" box="[304,375,1961,1985]" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Udoteaceae" genus="Udotea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Bryopsidales" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFD5F4286FED827AA" box="[304,375,1961,1985]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">Udotea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAFFFCBFDE14286FDA227AA" author="Jensen KR" box="[398,525,1961,1985]" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" pagination="135 - 48" refId="ref26396" refString="Jensen KR. Factors affecting feeding selectivity in herbivorous ascoglossa. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 1983; 66: 135 - 48." type="journal article" year="1983">Jensen 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAFFFCBFE744286FDF627AA" author="Jensen KR" box="[539,601,1961,1985]" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" pagination="147 - 72" refId="ref26422" refString="Jensen KR. Evolution of buccal apparatus and diet radiation in the Sacoglossa (Opisthobranchia). Bolletino Malacologico 1993 a; 29: 147 - 72." type="journal article" year="1993">1993a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBFE1C4286FB4C20CC" authority="(J. Ellis & Solander) J. V. Lamouroux 1816" authorityName="J. V. Lamouroux" authorityYear="1816" baseAuthorityName="J. Ellis & Solander" box="[627,1251,143,1985]" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Halimedaceae" genus="Halimeda" kingdom="Plantae" order="Bryopsidales" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="species" species="tuna">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFE1C4286FCA627AA" box="[627,777,1961,1985]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">Halimeda tuna</emphasis>
|
||
(J.Ellis & Solander) J.V.Lamouroux 1816
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBF97745A0FB4920AC" authority="(J. Ellis & Solander) J. V. Lamouroux 1816" authorityName="J. V. Lamouroux" authorityYear="1816" baseAuthorityName="J. Ellis & Solander" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Halimedaceae" genus="Halimeda" kingdom="Plantae" order="Bryopsidales" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="species" species="monile">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBF97745A0FA6D20CC" box="[1304,1474,143,167]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">Halimeda monile</emphasis>
|
||
(J.Ellis & Solander) J.V.Lamouroux 1816
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAFFFCBF8964580FCC2208D" author="Clark KB & DeFreese D" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" pagination="259 - 80" refId="ref25236" refString="Clark KB, DeFreese D. Population ecology of Caribbean Ascoglossa (Mollusca: Opisthobranchia): a study of specialized algal herbivores. American Malacological Bulletin 1987; 5: 259 - 80." type="journal article" year="1987">Clark and Defreese 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) or unidentified
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBF87445E1FB04208D" box="[1051,1195,206,230]" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Halimedaceae" genus="Halimeda" kingdom="Plantae" order="Bryopsidales" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBF87445E1FBD3208D" box="[1051,1148,206,230]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">Halimeda</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAFFFCBF8D545E0FA13208D" author="Marcus E & Marcus EDB-R" box="[1210,1468,206,230]" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref27338" refString="Marcus E, Marcus EDB-R. Opisthobranchs from the Lesser Antilles. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and Other Caribbean Islands 1963; 19: 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1963">Marcus and Marcus 1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAFFFCBFF5645C1FB95216D" author="Marcus EDB-R & Hughes H" box="[825,1082,237,262]" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" pagination="498 - 532" refId="ref27400" refString="Marcus EDB-R, Hughes H. Opisthobranch Mollusks from Barbados. Bulletin of Marine Science 1974; 24: 498 - 532." type="journal article" year="1974">Marcus and Hughes 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAFFFCBF82B45C1FB10216D" author="Jensen KR" box="[1092,1215,238,262]" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" pagination="55 - 77" refId="ref26344" refString="Jensen KR. A review of sacoglossan diets, with comparative notes on radular and buccal anatomy. Malacological Review 1980; 13: 55 - 77." type="journal article" year="1980">Jensen 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Here, we show that only
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBFF564422FC17214E" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[825,952,269,293]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFF564422FC17214E" box="[825,952,269,293]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">C. antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specializes on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBF8384422FB6C214F" baseAuthorityName="Ortea and Templado" baseAuthorityYear="1988" box="[1111,1219,269,292]" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Halimedaceae" genus="Halimeda" kingdom="Plantae" order="Bryopsidales" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="species" species="opuntia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBF8384422FB6C214F" box="[1111,1219,269,292]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">H. opuntia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, whereas other complex members feed on
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFF9E4402FBD7212F" box="[1009,1144,300,324]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">
|
||
Pe.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBF87C4403FBD7212F" authorityName="Blainville" authorityYear="1830" baseAuthorityName="J. V. Lamouroux" box="[1043,1144,300,324]" class="Bivalvia" family="Penicillidae" genus="Penicillus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dumetosus">dumetosus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBF8C04403FAA6212F" authorityName="Moreno & Rico & Middlebrooks & Medrano & Valdés & Krug" authorityYear="2024" box="[1199,1289,300,324]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="piercei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBF8C04403FAA6212F" box="[1199,1289,300,324]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">C. piercei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also consumes
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBF9C64402FC352108" authorityName="J. V. Lamouroux" authorityYear="1816" baseAuthorityName="J. Ellis" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Halimedaceae" genus="Halimeda" kingdom="Plantae" order="Bryopsidales" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="species" species="incrassata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBF9C64402FC352108" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">H. incrassata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBFFA54464FB902108" box="[970,1087,331,355]" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Udoteaceae" genus="Udotea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Bryopsidales" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFFA54464FBBE2108" box="[970,1041,331,355]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">Udotea</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
These differences in host use are likely to explain the distinct radular tooth morphology of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBF9284444FA6D21E8" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[1351,1474,363,387]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBF9284444FA6D21E8" box="[1351,1474,363,387]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">C. antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
compared with the remaining complex members, which share a much more similar tooth shape consistent with a common host alga (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBFF1D44E6FC62218A" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1813" box="[882,973,457,481]" class="Bivalvia" family="Penicillidae" genus="Penicillus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFF1D44E6FC62218A" box="[882,973,457,481]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">Penicillus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436EDFFAFFFCBFF3A44C7FAF42352" blockId="21.[825,1475,143,1358]" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">
|
||
Our study is consistent with the redescription of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBF92944C7FA6D226B" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[1350,1474,488,512]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBF92944C7FA6D226B" box="[1350,1474,488,512]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">C. antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAFFFCBFF384727FBC02274" author="Marcus EDB-R & Hughes H" box="[855,1135,519,543]" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" pagination="498 - 532" refId="ref27400" refString="Marcus EDB-R, Hughes H. Opisthobranch Mollusks from Barbados. Bulletin of Marine Science 1974; 24: 498 - 532." type="journal article" year="1974">Marcus and Hughes (1974)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and with more recent field guides (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAFFFCBFF2B4708FC522254" author="Turner EM & Evans E & Abgarian C" box="[836,1021,551,575]" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" refId="ref28831" refString="Turner EM, Evans E, Abgarian C. Cayman has Nudibranchs and Other Sea Slugs. Middletown, 2020, 216." type="book" year="2020">
|
||
Turner
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFFFC4708FC6C2254" box="[915,963,551,575]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2020
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAFFFCBF8664708FB0B2254" author="Charteris M" box="[1033,1188,551,575]" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" refId="ref24964" refString="Charteris M. Caribbean Reef Life: a Field Guide for Divers. 3 rd edn, 2022." type="book" year="2022">Charteris 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). External morphology differentiates
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBFFC54769FB872235" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[938,1064,582,606]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFFC54769FB872235" box="[938,1064,582,606]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">C. antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the other complex members. The cerata of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBFFCE4749FBB82216" authorityName="Moreno & Rico & Middlebrooks & Medrano & Valdés & Krug" authorityYear="2024" box="[929,1047,613,637]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="nicholasi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFFCE4749FBB82216" box="[929,1047,613,637]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">C. nicholasi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBF8474749FB272216" authorityName="Moreno & Rico & Middlebrooks & Medrano & Valdés & Krug" authorityYear="2024" box="[1064,1160,614,637]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="piercei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBF8474749FB272216" box="[1064,1160,614,637]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">C. piercei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBF8AB4749FADA2216" authorityName="Moreno & Rico & Middlebrooks & Medrano & Valdés & Krug" authorityYear="2024" box="[1220,1397,613,637]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="browneveorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBF8AB4749FADA2216" box="[1220,1397,613,637]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">C. browneveorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are all more translucent, narrow and elongated than the cerata of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBF9C347AAFC3622D7" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBF9C347AAFC3622D7" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">C. antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which are more rounded and typically appear yellow from the spherical inclusions. The darker, more solid yellow to green body of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBFFA547CCFBEA2290" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[970,1093,739,763]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFFA547CCFBEA2290" box="[970,1093,739,763]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">C. antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also differentiates this taxon from the remaining members of the complex, which have lighter bodies ranging from pale yellow to mottled white and yellow.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436EDFFAFFFCBFF3A466EFA1B2525" blockId="21.[825,1475,143,1358]" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">
|
||
Planktotrophic development can also distinguish
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBF927466EFA6D2332" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[1352,1474,833,857]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBF927466EFA6D2332" box="[1352,1474,833,857]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">C. antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from some other complex members (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6E90356FFAFFFCBF8AA464FFABC2313" box="[1221,1299,864,888]" captionStart="Table 5" captionStartId="25.[130,185,143,167]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Table 5. Trait comparisons among Western Atlantic species of Cyerce." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF146665FFA3FFC7FCED45A0FCA120CD" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" tableUuid="DF146665FFA3FFC7FCED45A0FCA120CD">Table 5</tableCitation>
|
||
). Clark and colleagues reported lecithotrophic development and an egg diameter of 112 μm for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBFF9546B0FBD923DD" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[1018,1142,926,950]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFF9546B0FBD923DD" box="[1018,1142,926,950]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">C. antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49AFF80FFFAFFFCBF8B646B1FA8B23DD" box="[1241,1316,926,950]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">Florida</collectingRegion>
|
||
Keys, collected from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBFF174691FC7C23BD" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1813" box="[888,979,958,982]" class="Bivalvia" family="Penicillidae" genus="Penicillus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFF174691FC7C23BD" box="[888,979,958,982]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">Penicillus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAFFFCBFF854691FB5A23BD" author="Clark KB & Busacca M" box="[1002,1269,958,982]" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" pagination="272 - 82" refId="ref25192" refString="Clark KB, Busacca M. Feeding specificity and chloroplast retention in four tropical Ascoglossa, with a discussion of the extent of chloroplast symbiosis and the evolution of the order. Journal of Molluscan Studies 1978; 44: 272 - 82." type="journal article" year="1978">Clark and Busacca 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAFFFCBF9684691FCC2239E" author="Clark KB & Jensen KR" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" pagination="57 - 64" refId="ref25271" refString="Clark KB, Jensen KR. A comparison of egg size, capsule size, and development patterns in the order Ascoglossa (Sacoglossa) (Mollusca: Opisthobranchia). International Journal of Invertebrate Reproduction 1981; 3: 57 - 64." type="journal article" year="1981">Clark and Jensen 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). We found that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBF85E46F1FA93239E" authority="Engel, 1927" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[1073,1340,989,1013]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBF85E46F1FB1D239E" box="[1073,1202,989,1013]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">C. antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B1CFFAFFFCBF8D246F2FA93239E" author="Engel H" box="[1213,1340,989,1013]" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" pagination="117 - 8" refId="ref25585" refString="Engel H. Westindische Opisthobranchiate Mollusken: (mit 38 Figuren im Text). Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde 1927; 25: 117 - 8." type="journal article" year="1927">Engel, 1927</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has smaller, planktotrophic larvae and does not feed on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBF97146D3FAD6247F" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1813" box="[1310,1401,1020,1044]" class="Bivalvia" family="Penicillidae" genus="Penicillus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBF97146D3FAD6247F" box="[1310,1401,1020,1044]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">Penicillus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Clark and colleagues did not recognize that ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBF8A34133FAE5245F" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[1228,1354,1052,1076]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBF8A34133FAE5245F" box="[1228,1354,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">C. antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’ was a species complex and, presumably, reported lecithotrophy from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBF9C34113FC672419" authorityName="Moreno & Rico & Middlebrooks & Medrano & Valdés & Krug" authorityYear="2024" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="browneveorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBF9C34113FC672419" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">C. browneveorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBFF934175FBF82419" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1813" box="[1020,1111,1114,1138]" class="Bivalvia" family="Penicillidae" genus="Penicillus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFF934175FBF82419" box="[1020,1111,1114,1138]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">Penicillus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-feeding complex member endemic to the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49AFF80FFFAFFFCBFF134155FC6824F9" box="[892,967,1146,1170]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">Florida</collectingRegion>
|
||
Keys. We also found lecithotrophic development in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBFF3D41B5FC6C24DA" authorityName="Moreno & Rico & Middlebrooks & Medrano & Valdés & Krug" authorityYear="2024" box="[850,963,1177,1201]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="nicholasi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFF3D41B5FC6C24DA" box="[850,963,1177,1201]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">C. nicholasi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which broadly overlaps in range with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBF92841B5FA6D24DA" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[1351,1474,1177,1201]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBF92841B5FA6D24DA" box="[1351,1474,1177,1201]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">C. antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but is distinguished by larval
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D0884FFFAFFFCBF81C4196FB0D24BA" box="[1139,1186,1209,1233]" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">type</typeStatus>
|
||
, algal host use and morphology. Both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBFFDC41F7FB81249B" authorityName="sensu Engel" authorityYear="1927" box="[947,1070,1240,1264]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antillensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBFFDC41F7FB81249B" box="[947,1070,1240,1264]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">C. antillensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBF83141F7FB172484" authorityName="Moreno & Rico & Middlebrooks & Medrano & Valdés & Krug" authorityYear="2024" box="[1118,1208,1240,1263]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hermaeidae" genus="Cyerce" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="piercei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBF83141F7FB172484" box="[1118,1208,1240,1263]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">C. piercei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
had planktotrophic development and fed on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D6EFFAFFFCBF86A41D8FB362564" box="[1029,1177,1271,1295]" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Halimedaceae" genus="Halimeda" kingdom="Plantae" order="Bryopsidales" pageId="21" pageNumber="961" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAFFFFAFFFCBF86A41D8FBC92564" box="[1029,1126,1271,1295]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="961">Halimeda</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; therefore, they could not be distinguished by ecological or reproductive characteristics but were easily differentiated by external and internal morphology.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |