treatments-xml/data/03/CD/87/03CD87E02447FFD73D8629770F09FC4F.xml

<document id="7065D83469EF4FB637D7746AD8EC9534" ID-CLB-Dataset="30623" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4387.3.8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7548c751-764f-4dc4-95a5-614d17d80c8f" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1187739" ID-ZooBank="DA75D56E-22BB-487E-8BA3-42C5C98F9E53" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1520059648244" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Yamasaki, Hiroshi, Neuhaus, Birger &amp; George, Kai Horst" docDate="2018" docId="03CD87E02447FFD73D8629770F09FC4F" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4387.3.8.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4387 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Echinoderes Yamasaki &amp; Neuhaus &amp; George 2018" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="561" masterDocId="FFF4FF982456FFC33D11283B0B42FFCF" masterDocTitle="New species of Echinoderes (Kinorhyncha: Cyclorhagida) from Mediterranean seamounts and from the deep-sea floor in the Northeast Atlantic Ocean, including notes on two undescribed species" masterLastPageNumber="566" masterPageNumber="541" pageNumber="558" updateTime="1698526505608" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="36E5B9D9DBCA046E8FDD5C098F5615D9">New species of Echinoderes (Kinorhyncha: Cyclorhagida) from Mediterranean seamounts and from the deep-sea floor in the Northeast Atlantic Ocean, including notes on two undescribed species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7A7090A1704D5F82E770B8CF255967F8">Yamasaki, Hiroshi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F5CCFFFF16500B05ADF85C14CB7BAB24">Neuhaus, Birger</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="91583A84A1C08D0C055371C0D8FC4CD7">George, Kai Horst</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03CD87E02447FFD73D8629770F09FC4F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5952907" ID-GBIF-Taxon="141264086" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5952907" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CD87E02447FFD73D8629770F09FC4F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CD87E02447FFD73D8629770F09FC4F" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="561" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">
<subSubSection id="C37E657D2447FFD23D8629770AC2FE48" pageId="17" pageNumber="558" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BDB36F62447FFD23D8629770A2DFEA9" blockId="17.[151,384,332,391]" box="[151,367,332,358]" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">
<heading id="D093819A2447FFD23D8629770A2DFEA9" bold="true" box="[151,367,332,358]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="558" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B910EAE42447FFD23D8629770A2DFEA9" bold="true" box="[151,367,332,358]" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">
<taxonomicName id="4C644D752447FFD23D8629770A6CFEA9" authorityName="Yamasaki &amp; Neuhaus &amp; George" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,302,332,358]" class="Kinorhyncha" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclorhagida" pageId="17" pageNumber="558" phylum="Cephalorhyncha" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B910EAE42447FFD23D8629770A6CFEA9" bold="true" box="[151,302,332,358]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">Echinoderes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 1
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB36F62447FFD23D8629550AC2FE48" blockId="17.[151,384,332,391]" box="[151,384,366,391]" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">
(
<figureCitation id="135F2A732447FFD23D8E29550BB3FE48" box="[159,241,366,391]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1857,1879]" captionTargetBox="[237,1358,194,1842]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[237,1358,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 11. Echinoderes sp. 1, Nomarski photomicrographs of a female specimen (ZMB 11593). A, neck and segments 1–9, ventral view; B, segments 1–8, dorsal view; C, neck and segment 1, ventral view, focusing on left midlateral type-2 glandular cell outlet; D, segments 1–3, ventral view; E, segments 6–8, ventral view; F, segments 9–11, ventral view.Abbreviations:ltas, lateral terminal accessory spine; lts, lateral terminal spine; lvs, lateroventral acicular spine; mds, middorsal acicular spine. Digits after abbreviations indicate the corresponding segment number. Black arrows, sensory spots; white arrowhead, type-1 glandular cell outlet; black arrowheads, type-2 glandular cell outlets." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187761/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
; 
<tableCitation id="C6E6034D2447FFD23DEC29550A1FFE48" box="[253,349,366,391]" captionStart="TABLE 6" captionStartId="17.[151,239,798,821]" captionText="TABLE 6.Measurements for adult Echinoderes sp. 1 (in micrometers or percentage).Abbreviations: (ac), acicular spine; LTAS, length of lateral terminal accessory spine; LTS, length of lateral terminal spine; LV, length of lateroventral spine; MD, length of middorsal spine; MSW, maximum sternal width; N, number of specimens measured; S, segment length; SW, standard width; TL, trunk length." pageId="17" pageNumber="558">Tables 6</tableCitation>
, 
<tableCitation id="C6E6034D2447FFD23C7829540A35FE48" box="[361,375,367,391]" captionStart="TABLE 7" captionStartId="19.[151,239,152,175]" captionText="TABLE 7. Partial information of locations of cuticular structures and spines in Echinoderes sp. 1. Abbreviations: ac, acicular spine; (f), potential female condition of sexually dimorphic character; gco1, type-1 glandular cell outlet; gco2, type-2 glandular cell outlet; LA, lateral accessory; LD, laterodorsal; ltas, lateral terminal accessory spine; lts, lateral terminal spine; LV, lateroventral; MD, middorsal; ML, midlateral; PD, paradorsal; SD, subdorsal; si, sieve plate; SL, sublateral; ss, sensory spot; VL, ventrolateral; VM, ventromedial." pageId="17" pageNumber="558">7</tableCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37E657D2447FFD03D86298D0F7CF80D" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="560" pageId="17" pageNumber="558" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BDB36F62447FFD23D86298D0F6AFDD8" blockId="17.[151,1437,438,751]" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">
<emphasis id="B910EAE42447FFD23D86298D0AC0FE00" bold="true" box="[151,386,438,463]" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">Material examined.</emphasis>
One adult female (
<collectionCode id="ED75AE332447FFD23F4F298C09DEFE00" box="[606,668,439,463]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum f<>r Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">ZMB</collectionCode>
11593) collected at station 930 on Anaximenes Seamount, and one specimen of undetermined sex (
<collectionCode id="ED75AE332447FFD23CED29E00978FE3C" box="[508,570,475,499]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum f<>r Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">ZMB</collectionCode>
11594) collected at station 891 on Anaximenes Seamount (
<figureCitation id="135F2A732447FFD239C929E10E10FE3C" box="[1240,1362,474,499]" captionStart="FIGURE1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1247,1269]" captionTargetBox="[191,1396,253,1229]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[191,1396,253,1233]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE1. Map of the sampling localities.A, map of northeast Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea; B, enlarged map of the Sedlo seamount and surrounding deep-sea floor; C, enlarged map of the Anaximenes Seamount; D, enlarged map of the Eratosthenes Seamount." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187741/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">Fig. 1A, C</figureCitation>
; 
<tableCitation id="C6E6034D2447FFD2384F29E10BE6FDD8" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,239,820,843]" captionText="TABLE 1. Data of sampling stations." pageId="17" pageNumber="558">Table 1</tableCitation>
). All specimens mounted as glycerol-paraffin slides on Cobb aluminum frames.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB36F62447FFD23DD62A190FAEFD90" blockId="17.[151,1437,438,751]" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">
<emphasis id="B910EAE42447FFD23DD62A190AD5FDF4" bold="true" box="[199,407,546,571]" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">Brief description.</emphasis>
Adult with head, neck, and eleven trunk segments. See 
<tableCitation id="C6E6034D2447FFD239162A190F18FDF4" box="[1031,1114,546,571]" captionStart="TABLE 6" captionStartId="17.[151,239,798,821]" captionText="TABLE 6.Measurements for adult Echinoderes sp. 1 (in micrometers or percentage).Abbreviations: (ac), acicular spine; LTAS, length of lateral terminal accessory spine; LTS, length of lateral terminal spine; LV, length of lateroventral spine; MD, length of middorsal spine; MSW, maximum sternal width; N, number of specimens measured; S, segment length; SW, standard width; TL, trunk length." pageId="17" pageNumber="558">Table 6</tableCitation>
for measurements and 
<tableCitation id="C6E6034D2447FFD2384F2A190BE7FD91" captionStart="TABLE 7" captionStartId="19.[151,239,152,175]" captionText="TABLE 7. Partial information of locations of cuticular structures and spines in Echinoderes sp. 1. Abbreviations: ac, acicular spine; (f), potential female condition of sexually dimorphic character; gco1, type-1 glandular cell outlet; gco2, type-2 glandular cell outlet; LA, lateral accessory; LD, laterodorsal; ltas, lateral terminal accessory spine; lts, lateral terminal spine; LV, lateroventral; MD, middorsal; ML, midlateral; PD, paradorsal; SD, subdorsal; si, sieve plate; SL, sublateral; ss, sensory spot; VL, ventrolateral; VM, ventromedial." pageId="17" pageNumber="558">Table 7</tableCitation>
for positions of cuticular structures (sensory spots, glandular cell outlets, spines, and sieve plate).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB36F62447FFD23DD62A5108D6FD04" blockId="17.[151,1437,438,751]" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">Head consisting of retractable mouth cone and introvert. Mouth cone with inner oral styles and nine outer oral styles. Introvert composed of several rings of spinoscalids and one ring of trichoscalids. Exact number and arrangement of inner and outer oral styles and scalids not examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB36F62447FFD23DD62AED0F39FD20" blockId="17.[151,1437,438,751]" box="[199,1147,726,751]" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">Neck with 16 placids. Midventral placid broadest. Remaining placids similar in size.</paragraph>
<caption id="DF1B667E2447FFD23D862B25096EFC5A" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">
<paragraph id="8BDB36F62447FFD23D862B25096EFC5A" blockId="17.[151,1435,797,917]" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">
<emphasis id="B910EAE42447FFD23D862B250A48FCFA" bold="true" box="[151,266,798,821]" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">TABLE 6.</emphasis>
Measurements for adult 
<taxonomicName id="4C644D752447FFD23F002B2609D7FCFA" authorityName="Yamasaki &amp; Neuhaus &amp; George" authorityYear="2018" box="[529,661,797,821]" class="Kinorhyncha" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclorhagida" pageId="17" pageNumber="558" phylum="Cephalorhyncha" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B910EAE42447FFD23F002B2609D7FCFA" box="[529,661,797,821]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">Echinoderes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 1 (in micrometers or percentage). Abbreviations: (ac), acicular spine; LTAS, length of lateral terminal accessory spine; LTS, length of lateral terminal spine; LV, length of lateroventral spine; MD, length of middorsal spine; MSW, maximum sternal width; N, number of specimens measured; S, segment length; SW, standard width; TL, trunk length.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BDB36F62447FFD23D8E2B8A0F51F8B1" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">
<table id="F964C4562447003C3D8E2B8A0F28F8B1" box="[159,1130,945,1918]" gridcols="3" gridrows="24" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">
<tr id="355434B42447003C3D8E2B8A0F28FC08" box="[159,1130,945,967]" gridrow="0" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">
<th id="76855DC82447003C3D8E2B8A0A57FC08" box="[159,277,945,967]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">Character</th>
<th id="76855DC82447003C3F282B8A09F6FC08" box="[569,692,945,967]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">ZMB 11593</th>
<th id="76855DC82447003C3EFF2B8A0F28FC08" box="[1006,1130,945,967]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">ZMB 11594</th>
</tr>
<tr id="355434B42447003C3D8E2BE10F28FC3F" box="[159,1130,986,1008]" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">
<th id="76855DC82447003C3D8E2BE10A57FC3F" box="[159,277,986,1008]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">TL</th>
<td id="76855DC82447003C3F282BE109F6FC3F" box="[569,692,986,1008]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">219</td>
<td id="76855DC82447003C3EFF2BE10F28FC3F" box="[1006,1130,986,1008]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">n.a.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355434B42447003C3D8E2C3F0F28FBD5" box="[159,1130,1028,1050]" gridrow="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">
<th id="76855DC82447003C3D8E2C3F0A57FBD5" box="[159,277,1028,1050]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">MSW-7</th>
<td id="76855DC82447003C3F282C3F09F6FBD5" box="[569,692,1028,1050]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">42</td>
<td id="76855DC82447003C3EFF2C3F0F28FBD5" box="[1006,1130,1028,1050]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">n.a.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355434B42447003C3D8E2C160F28FB8C" box="[159,1130,1069,1091]" gridrow="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">
<th id="76855DC82447003C3D8E2C160A57FB8C" box="[159,277,1069,1091]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">MSW-7/TL</th>
<td id="76855DC82447003C3F282C1609F6FB8C" box="[569,692,1069,1091]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">19.0%</td>
<td id="76855DC82447003C3EFF2C160F28FB8C" box="[1006,1130,1069,1091]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">n.a.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355434B42447003C3D8E2C6D0F28FBA3" box="[159,1130,1110,1132]" gridrow="4" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">
<th id="76855DC82447003C3D8E2C6D0A57FBA3" box="[159,277,1110,1132]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">SW-10</th>
<td id="76855DC82447003C3F282C6D09F6FBA3" box="[569,692,1110,1132]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">33</td>
<td id="76855DC82447003C3EFF2C6D0F28FBA3" box="[1006,1130,1110,1132]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">n.a.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355434B42447003C3D8E2CBB0F28FB59" box="[159,1130,1152,1174]" gridrow="5" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">
<th id="76855DC82447003C3D8E2CBB0A57FB59" box="[159,277,1152,1174]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">SW-10/TL</th>
<td id="76855DC82447003C3F282CBB09F6FB59" box="[569,692,1152,1174]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">15.2%</td>
<td id="76855DC82447003C3EFF2CBB0F28FB59" box="[1006,1130,1152,1174]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">n.a.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355434B42447003C3D8E2C920F28FB70" box="[159,1130,1193,1215]" gridrow="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">
<th id="76855DC82447003C3D8E2C920A57FB70" box="[159,277,1193,1215]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">S1</th>
<td id="76855DC82447003C3F282C9209F6FB70" box="[569,692,1193,1215]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">31</td>
<td id="76855DC82447003C3EFF2C920F28FB70" box="[1006,1130,1193,1215]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">n.a.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355434B42447003C3D8E2CE90F28FB27" box="[159,1130,1234,1256]" gridrow="7" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">
<th id="76855DC82447003C3D8E2CE90A57FB27" box="[159,277,1234,1256]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">S2</th>
<td id="76855DC82447003C3F282CE909F6FB27" box="[569,692,1234,1256]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">23</td>
<td id="76855DC82447003C3EFF2CE90F28FB27" box="[1006,1130,1234,1256]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">n.a.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355434B42447003C3D8E2CC70F28FADD" box="[159,1130,1276,1298]" gridrow="8" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">
<th id="76855DC82447003C3D8E2CC70A57FADD" box="[159,277,1276,1298]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">S3</th>
<td id="76855DC82447003C3F282CC709F6FADD" box="[569,692,1276,1298]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">20</td>
<td id="76855DC82447003C3EFF2CC70F28FADD" box="[1006,1130,1276,1298]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">n.a.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355434B42447003C3D8E2D1E0F28FAF4" box="[159,1130,1317,1339]" gridrow="9" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">
<th id="76855DC82447003C3D8E2D1E0A57FAF4" box="[159,277,1317,1339]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">S4</th>
<td id="76855DC82447003C3F282D1E09F6FAF4" box="[569,692,1317,1339]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">23</td>
<td id="76855DC82447003C3EFF2D1E0F28FAF4" box="[1006,1130,1317,1339]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">n.a.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355434B42447003C3D8E2D750F28FAAB" box="[159,1130,1358,1380]" gridrow="10" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">
<th id="76855DC82447003C3D8E2D750A57FAAB" box="[159,277,1358,1380]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">S5</th>
<td id="76855DC82447003C3F282D7509F6FAAB" box="[569,692,1358,1380]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">23</td>
<td id="76855DC82447003C3EFF2D750F28FAAB" box="[1006,1130,1358,1380]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">n.a.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355434B42447003C3D8E2D430F28FA41" box="[159,1130,1400,1422]" gridrow="11" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">
<th id="76855DC82447003C3D8E2D430A57FA41" box="[159,277,1400,1422]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">S6</th>
<td id="76855DC82447003C3F282D4309F6FA41" box="[569,692,1400,1422]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">25</td>
<td id="76855DC82447003C3EFF2D430F28FA41" box="[1006,1130,1400,1422]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">n.a.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355434B42447003C3D8E2D9A0F28FA78" box="[159,1130,1441,1463]" gridrow="12" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">
<th id="76855DC82447003C3D8E2D9A0A57FA78" box="[159,277,1441,1463]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">S7</th>
<td id="76855DC82447003C3F282D9A09F6FA78" box="[569,692,1441,1463]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">27</td>
<td id="76855DC82447003C3EFF2D9A0F28FA78" box="[1006,1130,1441,1463]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">n.a.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355434B42447003C3D8E2DF10F28FA2F" box="[159,1130,1482,1504]" gridrow="13" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">
<th id="76855DC82447003C3D8E2DF10A57FA2F" box="[159,277,1482,1504]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">S8</th>
<td id="76855DC82447003C3F282DF109F6FA2F" box="[569,692,1482,1504]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">30</td>
<td id="76855DC82447003C3EFF2DF10F28FA2F" box="[1006,1130,1482,1504]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">n.a.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355434B42447003C3D8E2DCF0F28F9C5" box="[159,1130,1524,1546]" gridrow="14" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">
<th id="76855DC82447003C3D8E2DCF0A57F9C5" box="[159,277,1524,1546]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">S9</th>
<td id="76855DC82447003C3F282DCF09F6F9C5" box="[569,692,1524,1546]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">31</td>
<td id="76855DC82447003C3EFF2DCF0F28F9C5" box="[1006,1130,1524,1546]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">n.a.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355434B42447003C3D8E2E260F28F9FC" box="[159,1130,1565,1587]" gridrow="15" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">
<th id="76855DC82447003C3D8E2E260A57F9FC" box="[159,277,1565,1587]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">S10</th>
<td id="76855DC82447003C3F282E2609F6F9FC" box="[569,692,1565,1587]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">33</td>
<td id="76855DC82447003C3EFF2E260F28F9FC" box="[1006,1130,1565,1587]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">n.a.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355434B42447003C3D8E2E7D0F28F993" box="[159,1130,1606,1628]" gridrow="16" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">
<th id="76855DC82447003C3D8E2E7D0A57F993" box="[159,277,1606,1628]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">S11</th>
<td id="76855DC82447003C3F282E7D09F6F993" box="[569,692,1606,1628]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">29</td>
<td id="76855DC82447003C3EFF2E7D0F28F993" box="[1006,1130,1606,1628]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">n.a.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355434B42447003C3D8E2E4B0F28F949" box="[159,1130,1648,1670]" gridrow="17" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">
<th id="76855DC82447003C3D8E2E4B0A57F949" box="[159,277,1648,1670]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">MD4 (ac)</th>
<td id="76855DC82447003C3F282E4B09F6F949" box="[569,692,1648,1670]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">15</td>
<td id="76855DC82447003C3EFF2E4B0F28F949" box="[1006,1130,1648,1670]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">18</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355434B42447003C3D8E2EA20F28F960" box="[159,1130,1689,1711]" gridrow="18" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">
<th id="76855DC82447003C3D8E2EA20A57F960" box="[159,277,1689,1711]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">LV6 (ac)</th>
<td id="76855DC82447003C3F282EA209F6F960" box="[569,692,1689,1711]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">13</td>
<td id="76855DC82447003C3EFF2EA20F28F960" box="[1006,1130,1689,1711]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">12</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355434B42447003C3D8E2EF90F28F917" box="[159,1130,1730,1752]" gridrow="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">
<th id="76855DC82447003C3D8E2EF90A57F917" box="[159,277,1730,1752]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">LV7 (ac)</th>
<td id="76855DC82447003C3F282EF909F6F917" box="[569,692,1730,1752]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">13</td>
<td id="76855DC82447003C3EFF2EF90F28F917" box="[1006,1130,1730,1752]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">13</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355434B42447003C3D8E2ED70F28F8CD" box="[159,1130,1772,1794]" gridrow="20" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">
<th id="76855DC82447003C3D8E2ED70A57F8CD" box="[159,277,1772,1794]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">LTS</th>
<td id="76855DC82447003C3F282ED709F6F8CD" box="[569,692,1772,1794]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">170</td>
<td id="76855DC82447003C3EFF2ED70F28F8CD" box="[1006,1130,1772,1794]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">n.a.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355434B42447003C3D8E2F2E0F28F8E4" box="[159,1130,1813,1835]" gridrow="21" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">
<th id="76855DC82447003C3D8E2F2E0A57F8E4" box="[159,277,1813,1835]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">LTAS</th>
<td id="76855DC82447003C3F282F2E09F6F8E4" box="[569,692,1813,1835]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">43</td>
<td id="76855DC82447003C3EFF2F2E0F28F8E4" box="[1006,1130,1813,1835]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">n.a.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355434B42447003C3D8E2F050F28F89B" box="[159,1130,1854,1876]" gridrow="22" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">
<th id="76855DC82447003C3D8E2F050A57F89B" box="[159,277,1854,1876]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">LTS/TL</th>
<td id="76855DC82447003C3F282F0509F6F89B" box="[569,692,1854,1876]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">77.2%</td>
<td id="76855DC82447003C3EFF2F050F28F89B" box="[1006,1130,1854,1876]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">n.a.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355434B42447003C3D8E2F530F28F8B1" box="[159,1130,1896,1918]" gridrow="23" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">
<th id="76855DC82447003C3D8E2F530A57F8B1" box="[159,277,1896,1918]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">LTAS/TL</th>
<td id="76855DC82447003C3F282F5309F6F8B1" box="[569,692,1896,1918]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">19.4%</td>
<td id="76855DC82447003C3EFF2F530F28F8B1" box="[1006,1130,1896,1918]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="17" pageNumber="558">n.a.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF1B667E2444FFD13D862F7A0812F83F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187761/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="559" startId="18.[151,250,1857,1879]" targetBox="[237,1358,194,1842]" targetPageId="18">
<paragraph id="8BDB36F62444FFD13D862F7A0812F83F" blockId="18.[151,1436,1857,2032]" pageId="18" pageNumber="559">
<emphasis id="B910EAE42444FFD13D862F7A0A5CF899" bold="true" box="[151,286,1857,1879]" pageId="18" pageNumber="559">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C644D752444FFD13C342F7A0AE1F898" authorityName="Yamasaki &amp; Neuhaus &amp; George" authorityYear="2018" box="[293,419,1857,1879]" class="Kinorhyncha" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclorhagida" pageId="18" pageNumber="559" phylum="Cephalorhyncha" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B910EAE42444FFD13C342F7A0AE1F898" box="[293,419,1857,1879]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="559">Echinoderes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 1, Nomarski photomicrographs of a female specimen (ZMB 11593). 
<emphasis id="B910EAE42444FFD1399B2F7A0FDEF899" bold="true" box="[1162,1180,1857,1878]" pageId="18" pageNumber="559">A</emphasis>
, neck and segments 1–9, ventral view; 
<emphasis id="B910EAE42444FFD13C322F5B0A76F8BA" bold="true" box="[291,308,1888,1909]" pageId="18" pageNumber="559">B</emphasis>
, segments 1–8, dorsal view; 
<emphasis id="B910EAE42444FFD13F4F2F640932F8BA" bold="true" box="[606,624,1887,1909]" pageId="18" pageNumber="559">C</emphasis>
, neck and segment 1, ventral view, focusing on left midlateral type-2 glandular cell outlet; 
<emphasis id="B910EAE42444FFD13C182F440A59F85B" bold="true" box="[265,283,1919,1940]" pageId="18" pageNumber="559">D</emphasis>
, segments 1–3, ventral view; 
<emphasis id="B910EAE42444FFD13F5D2F44091FF85B" bold="true" box="[588,605,1919,1940]" pageId="18" pageNumber="559">E</emphasis>
, segments 6–8, ventral view; 
<emphasis id="B910EAE42444FFD13E9F2F4408D9F85B" bold="true" box="[910,923,1919,1940]" pageId="18" pageNumber="559">F</emphasis>
, segments 9–11, ventral view. Abbreviations: ltas, lateral terminal accessory spine; lts, lateral terminal spine; lvs, lateroventral acicular spine; mds, middorsal acicular spine. Digits after abbreviations indicate the corresponding segment number. Black arrows, sensory spots; white arrowhead, type-1 glandular cell outlet; black arrowheads, type-2 glandular cell outlets.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF1B667E2445FFD03D8628A30811FEE0" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">
<paragraph id="8BDB36F62445FFD03D8628A30811FEE0" blockId="19.[151,1435,151,303]" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">
<emphasis id="B910EAE42445FFD03D8628A30A4EFF60" bold="true" box="[151,268,152,175]" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">TABLE 7.</emphasis>
Partial information of locations of cuticular structures and spines in 
<taxonomicName id="4C644D752445FFD0391528AC0FCAFF60" authorityName="Yamasaki &amp; Neuhaus &amp; George" authorityYear="2018" box="[1028,1160,151,175]" class="Kinorhyncha" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclorhagida" pageId="19" pageNumber="560" phylum="Cephalorhyncha" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B910EAE42445FFD0391528AC0FCAFF60" box="[1028,1160,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">Echinoderes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 1. Abbreviations: ac, acicular spine; (f), potential female condition of sexually dimorphic character; gco1, type-1 glandular cell outlet; gco2, type-2 glandular cell outlet; LA, lateral accessory; LD, laterodorsal; ltas, lateral terminal accessory spine; lts, lateral terminal spine; LV, lateroventral; MD, middorsal; ML, midlateral; PD, paradorsal; SD, subdorsal; si, sieve plate; SL, sublateral; ss, sensory spot; VL, ventrolateral; VM, ventromedial.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BDB36F62445FFD03D8E29710F2FFC9F" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">
<table id="F964C4562445003C3D8E29710E25FC9F" box="[159,1383,330,848]" colsContinueFrom="16.[159,1412,1046,1564]" colsContinueIn="22.[159,1353,1204,1722]" gridcols="11" gridrows="13" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">
<tr id="355434B42445003C3D8E29710E25FEAF" box="[159,1383,330,352]" gridrow="0" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">
<th id="76855DC82445003C3D8E29710BB0FEAF" box="[159,242,330,352]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">Position</th>
<th id="76855DC82445003C3C5429710AF1FEAF" box="[325,435,330,352]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">MD</th>
<th id="76855DC82445003C3CF029710970FEAF" box="[481,562,330,352]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">PD</th>
<th id="76855DC82445003C3F7E297109E2FEAF" box="[623,672,330,352]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">SD</th>
<th id="76855DC82445003C3FC129710843FEAF" box="[720,769,330,352]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">LD</th>
<th id="76855DC82445003C3E3D2971081FFEAF" box="[812,861,330,352]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">ML</th>
<th id="76855DC82445003C3E94297108F4FEAF" box="[901,950,330,352]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">SL</th>
<th id="76855DC82445003C3EF229710F67FEAF" box="[995,1061,330,352]" gridcol="7" gridrow="0" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">LA</th>
<th id="76855DC82445003C394429710FCAFEAF" box="[1109,1160,330,352]" gridcol="8" gridrow="0" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">LV</th>
<th id="76855DC82445003C39A529710FA7FEAF" box="[1204,1253,330,352]" gridcol="9" gridrow="0" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">VL</th>
<th id="76855DC82445003C380429710E25FEAF" box="[1301,1383,330,352]" gridcol="10" gridrow="0" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">VM</th>
</tr>
<tr id="355434B42445003C3D8E294E0E25FE45" box="[159,1383,373,394]" gridrow="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">
<th id="76855DC82445003C3D8E294E0E25FE45" box="[159,1383,373,394]" colspan="11" colspanRight="10" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">segment</th>
</tr>
<tr id="355434B42445003C3D8E29A60E25FE7C" box="[159,1383,413,435]" gridrow="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="560" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-9="1">
<th id="76855DC82445003C3D8E29A60BB0FE7C" box="[159,242,413,435]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">1</th>
<td id="76855DC82445003C3C5429A60AF1FE7C" box="[325,435,413,435]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">gco1</td>
<td id="76855DC82445003C3F7E29A609E2FE7C" box="[623,672,413,435]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">ss</td>
<td id="76855DC82445003C3FC129A60843FE7C" box="[720,769,413,435]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">ss</td>
<td id="76855DC82445003C3E3D29A6081FFE7C" box="[812,861,413,435]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">gco2</td>
<td id="76855DC82445003C394429A60FCAFE7C" box="[1109,1160,413,435]" gridcol="8" gridrow="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">gco1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355434B42445003C3D8E29FD0E25FE13" box="[159,1383,454,476]" gridrow="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="560" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1">
<th id="76855DC82445003C3D8E29FD0BB0FE13" box="[159,242,454,476]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">2</th>
<td id="76855DC82445003C3C5429FD0AF1FE13" box="[325,435,454,476]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">gco1, ss</td>
<td id="76855DC82445003C3F7E29FD09E2FE13" box="[623,672,454,476]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">gco2</td>
<td id="76855DC82445003C3FC129FD0843FE13" box="[720,769,454,476]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">gco2</td>
<td id="76855DC82445003C3E9429FD08F4FE13" box="[901,950,454,476]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">gco2</td>
<td id="76855DC82445003C39A529FD0FA7FE13" box="[1204,1253,454,476]" gridcol="9" gridrow="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">gco2</td>
<td id="76855DC82445003C380429FD0E25FE13" box="[1301,1383,454,476]" gridcol="10" gridrow="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">ss</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355434B42445003C3D8E29CB0E25FDC9" box="[159,1383,496,518]" gridrow="4" pageId="19" pageNumber="560" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
<th id="76855DC82445003C3D8E29CB0BB0FDC9" box="[159,242,496,518]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">3</th>
<td id="76855DC82445003C3C5429CB0AF1FDC9" box="[325,435,496,518]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">gco1</td>
<td id="76855DC82445003C3F7E29CB09E2FDC9" box="[623,672,496,518]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">ss</td>
<td id="76855DC82445003C3E9429CB08F4FDC9" box="[901,950,496,518]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">ss</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355434B42445003C3D8E2A220E25FDE0" box="[159,1383,537,559]" gridrow="5" pageId="19" pageNumber="560" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
<th id="76855DC82445003C3D8E2A220BB0FDE0" box="[159,242,537,559]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">4</th>
<td id="76855DC82445003C3C542A220AF1FDE0" box="[325,435,537,559]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">ac</td>
<td id="76855DC82445003C3CF02A220970FDE0" box="[481,562,537,559]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">gco1</td>
<td id="76855DC82445003C3F7E2A2209E2FDE0" box="[623,672,537,559]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">ss</td>
<td id="76855DC82445003C38042A220E25FDE0" box="[1301,1383,537,559]" gridcol="10" gridrow="5" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">gco1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355434B42445003C3D8E2A790E25FD97" box="[159,1383,578,600]" gridrow="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="560" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
<th id="76855DC82445003C3D8E2A790BB0FD97" box="[159,242,578,600]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">5</th>
<td id="76855DC82445003C3C542A790AF1FD97" box="[325,435,578,600]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">gco1</td>
<td id="76855DC82445003C3F7E2A7909E2FD97" box="[623,672,578,600]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">ss</td>
<td id="76855DC82445003C3E3D2A79081FFD97" box="[812,861,578,600]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">ss</td>
<td id="76855DC82445003C3EF22A790F67FD97" box="[995,1061,578,600]" gridcol="7" gridrow="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">gco2</td>
<td id="76855DC82445003C38042A790E25FD97" box="[1301,1383,578,600]" gridcol="10" gridrow="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">gco1, ss</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355434B42445003C3D8E2A570E25FD4D" box="[159,1383,620,642]" gridrow="7" pageId="19" pageNumber="560" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-9="1">
<th id="76855DC82445003C3D8E2A570BB0FD4D" box="[159,242,620,642]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">6</th>
<td id="76855DC82445003C3CF02A570970FD4D" box="[481,562,620,642]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">gco1, ss</td>
<td id="76855DC82445003C3E3D2A57081FFD4D" box="[812,861,620,642]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">ss</td>
<td id="76855DC82445003C39442A570FCAFD4D" box="[1109,1160,620,642]" gridcol="8" gridrow="7" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">ac</td>
<td id="76855DC82445003C38042A570E25FD4D" box="[1301,1383,620,642]" gridcol="10" gridrow="7" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">gco1, ss</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355434B42445003C3D8E2AAE0E25FD64" box="[159,1383,661,683]" gridrow="8" pageId="19" pageNumber="560" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-9="1">
<th id="76855DC82445003C3D8E2AAE0BB0FD64" box="[159,242,661,683]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">7</th>
<td id="76855DC82445003C3C542AAE0AF1FD64" box="[325,435,661,683]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">gco1</td>
<td id="76855DC82445003C3F7E2AAE09E2FD64" box="[623,672,661,683]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">ss</td>
<td id="76855DC82445003C3E3D2AAE081FFD64" box="[812,861,661,683]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">ss</td>
<td id="76855DC82445003C39442AAE0FCAFD64" box="[1109,1160,661,683]" gridcol="8" gridrow="8" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">ac</td>
<td id="76855DC82445003C38042AAE0E25FD64" box="[1301,1383,661,683]" gridcol="10" gridrow="8" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">gco1, ss</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355434B42445003C3D8E2A850E25FD1B" box="[159,1383,702,724]" gridrow="9" pageId="19" pageNumber="560" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
<th id="76855DC82445003C3D8E2A850BB0FD1B" box="[159,242,702,724]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">8</th>
<td id="76855DC82445003C3CF02A850970FD1B" box="[481,562,702,724]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">gco1, ss</td>
<td id="76855DC82445003C3FC12A850843FD1B" box="[720,769,702,724]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">ss</td>
<td id="76855DC82445003C3E942A8508F4FD1B" box="[901,950,702,724]" gridcol="6" gridrow="9" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">gco2</td>
<td id="76855DC82445003C38042A850E25FD1B" box="[1301,1383,702,724]" gridcol="10" gridrow="9" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">gco1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355434B42445003C3D8E2AD30E25FD31" box="[159,1383,744,766]" gridrow="10" pageId="19" pageNumber="560" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1">
<th id="76855DC82445003C3D8E2AD30BB0FD31" box="[159,242,744,766]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">9</th>
<td id="76855DC82445003C3CF02AD30970FD31" box="[481,562,744,766]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">gco1, ss</td>
<td id="76855DC82445003C3FC12AD30843FD31" box="[720,769,744,766]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">ss</td>
<td id="76855DC82445003C3E942AD308F4FD31" box="[901,950,744,766]" gridcol="6" gridrow="10" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">si</td>
<td id="76855DC82445003C39A52AD30FA7FD31" box="[1204,1253,744,766]" gridcol="9" gridrow="10" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">ss</td>
<td id="76855DC82445003C38042AD30E25FD31" box="[1301,1383,744,766]" gridcol="10" gridrow="10" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">gco1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355434B42445003C3D8E2B2A0E25FCE8" box="[159,1383,785,807]" gridrow="11" pageId="19" pageNumber="560" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1">
<th id="76855DC82445003C3D8E2B2A0BB0FCE8" box="[159,242,785,807]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">10</th>
<td id="76855DC82445003C3C542B2A0AF1FCE8" box="[325,435,785,807]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">gco1, gco1</td>
<td id="76855DC82445003C3F7E2B2A09E2FCE8" box="[623,672,785,807]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">ss</td>
<td id="76855DC82445003C39A52B2A0FA7FCE8" box="[1204,1253,785,807]" gridcol="9" gridrow="11" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">ss</td>
<td id="76855DC82445003C38042B2A0E25FCE8" box="[1301,1383,785,807]" gridcol="10" gridrow="11" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">gco1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355434B42445003C3D8E2B010E25FC9F" box="[159,1383,826,848]" gridrow="12" pageId="19" pageNumber="560" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-9="1">
<th id="76855DC82445003C3D8E2B010BB0FC9F" box="[159,242,826,848]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">11</th>
<td id="76855DC82445003C3EF22B010F67FC9F" box="[995,1061,826,848]" gridcol="7" gridrow="12" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">ltas (f)</td>
<td id="76855DC82445003C39442B010FCAFC9F" box="[1109,1160,826,848]" gridcol="8" gridrow="12" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">lts</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB36F62445FFD03DD62BAD0AC0FB49" blockId="19.[151,1437,917,2022]" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">
Segment 1 consisting of complete cuticular ring. This and following nine segments with thick pachycyclus at anterior margin. Pachycyclus interrupted middorsally in segments 2–10 as well as at tergosternal junctions in segments 3–10. Sensory spots located centrally in subdorsal and laterodorsal position (
<figureCitation id="135F2A732445FFD039722BE60F8AFC39" box="[1123,1224,989,1014]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1857,1879]" captionTargetBox="[237,1358,194,1842]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[237,1358,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 11. Echinoderes sp. 1, Nomarski photomicrographs of a female specimen (ZMB 11593). A, neck and segments 1–9, ventral view; B, segments 1–8, dorsal view; C, neck and segment 1, ventral view, focusing on left midlateral type-2 glandular cell outlet; D, segments 1–3, ventral view; E, segments 6–8, ventral view; F, segments 9–11, ventral view.Abbreviations:ltas, lateral terminal accessory spine; lts, lateral terminal spine; lvs, lateroventral acicular spine; mds, middorsal acicular spine. Digits after abbreviations indicate the corresponding segment number. Black arrows, sensory spots; white arrowhead, type-1 glandular cell outlet; black arrowheads, type-2 glandular cell outlets." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187761/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">Fig. 11B</figureCitation>
). Type-1 glandular cell outlets situated in middorsal and lateroventral position (
<figureCitation id="135F2A732445FFD03E452C3A08FFFBD5" box="[852,957,1025,1050]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1857,1879]" captionTargetBox="[237,1358,194,1842]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[237,1358,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 11. Echinoderes sp. 1, Nomarski photomicrographs of a female specimen (ZMB 11593). A, neck and segments 1–9, ventral view; B, segments 1–8, dorsal view; C, neck and segment 1, ventral view, focusing on left midlateral type-2 glandular cell outlet; D, segments 1–3, ventral view; E, segments 6–8, ventral view; F, segments 9–11, ventral view.Abbreviations:ltas, lateral terminal accessory spine; lts, lateral terminal spine; lvs, lateroventral acicular spine; mds, middorsal acicular spine. Digits after abbreviations indicate the corresponding segment number. Black arrows, sensory spots; white arrowhead, type-1 glandular cell outlet; black arrowheads, type-2 glandular cell outlets." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187761/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">Fig. 11B</figureCitation>
). Type-2 glandular cell outlets present in midlateral position (
<figureCitation id="135F2A732445FFD03C6E2C1E0AA5FBF1" box="[383,487,1061,1086]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1857,1879]" captionTargetBox="[237,1358,194,1842]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[237,1358,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 11. Echinoderes sp. 1, Nomarski photomicrographs of a female specimen (ZMB 11593). A, neck and segments 1–9, ventral view; B, segments 1–8, dorsal view; C, neck and segment 1, ventral view, focusing on left midlateral type-2 glandular cell outlet; D, segments 1–3, ventral view; E, segments 6–8, ventral view; F, segments 9–11, ventral view.Abbreviations:ltas, lateral terminal accessory spine; lts, lateral terminal spine; lvs, lateroventral acicular spine; mds, middorsal acicular spine. Digits after abbreviations indicate the corresponding segment number. Black arrows, sensory spots; white arrowhead, type-1 glandular cell outlet; black arrowheads, type-2 glandular cell outlets." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187761/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">Fig. 11C</figureCitation>
). Posterior part of this and following nine segments with primary pectinate fringe (
<figureCitation id="135F2A732445FFD03D8E2C720A47FBAD" box="[159,261,1097,1122]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1857,1879]" captionTargetBox="[237,1358,194,1842]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[237,1358,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 11. Echinoderes sp. 1, Nomarski photomicrographs of a female specimen (ZMB 11593). A, neck and segments 1–9, ventral view; B, segments 1–8, dorsal view; C, neck and segment 1, ventral view, focusing on left midlateral type-2 glandular cell outlet; D, segments 1–3, ventral view; E, segments 6–8, ventral view; F, segments 9–11, ventral view.Abbreviations:ltas, lateral terminal accessory spine; lts, lateral terminal spine; lvs, lateroventral acicular spine; mds, middorsal acicular spine. Digits after abbreviations indicate the corresponding segment number. Black arrows, sensory spots; white arrowhead, type-1 glandular cell outlet; black arrowheads, type-2 glandular cell outlets." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187761/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">Fig. 11D</figureCitation>
). Pectinate fringe teeth of primary pectinate fringes on this segment broader than those on following nine segments (
<figureCitation id="135F2A732445FFD03C1F2C560A37FB49" box="[270,373,1133,1158]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1857,1879]" captionTargetBox="[237,1358,194,1842]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[237,1358,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 11. Echinoderes sp. 1, Nomarski photomicrographs of a female specimen (ZMB 11593). A, neck and segments 1–9, ventral view; B, segments 1–8, dorsal view; C, neck and segment 1, ventral view, focusing on left midlateral type-2 glandular cell outlet; D, segments 1–3, ventral view; E, segments 6–8, ventral view; F, segments 9–11, ventral view.Abbreviations:ltas, lateral terminal accessory spine; lts, lateral terminal spine; lvs, lateroventral acicular spine; mds, middorsal acicular spine. Digits after abbreviations indicate the corresponding segment number. Black arrows, sensory spots; white arrowhead, type-1 glandular cell outlet; black arrowheads, type-2 glandular cell outlets." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187761/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">Fig. 11D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB36F62445FFD03DD62CA909B4FB3D" blockId="19.[151,1437,917,2022]" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">
Segment 2 with complete cuticular ring as segment 1. Sensory spots present in middorsal and ventromedial position. Type-1 glandular cell outlet in middorsal position. Type-2 glandular cell outlets in subdorsal, laterodorsal, sublateral, and ventrolateral position (
<figureCitation id="135F2A732445FFD03F2E2CE209ABFB3D" box="[575,745,1241,1266]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1857,1879]" captionTargetBox="[237,1358,194,1842]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[237,1358,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 11. Echinoderes sp. 1, Nomarski photomicrographs of a female specimen (ZMB 11593). A, neck and segments 1–9, ventral view; B, segments 1–8, dorsal view; C, neck and segment 1, ventral view, focusing on left midlateral type-2 glandular cell outlet; D, segments 1–3, ventral view; E, segments 6–8, ventral view; F, segments 9–11, ventral view.Abbreviations:ltas, lateral terminal accessory spine; lts, lateral terminal spine; lvs, lateroventral acicular spine; mds, middorsal acicular spine. Digits after abbreviations indicate the corresponding segment number. Black arrows, sensory spots; white arrowhead, type-1 glandular cell outlet; black arrowheads, type-2 glandular cell outlets." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187761/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">Fig. 11A, B, D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB36F62445FFD03DD62CC50FB5FAF5" blockId="19.[151,1437,917,2022]" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">
Segment 3 and following eight segments consisting of one tergal and two sternal plates. Sensory spots present subdorsally and sublaterally (
<figureCitation id="135F2A732445FFD03CF12D1A0905FAF5" box="[480,583,1313,1338]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1857,1879]" captionTargetBox="[237,1358,194,1842]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[237,1358,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 11. Echinoderes sp. 1, Nomarski photomicrographs of a female specimen (ZMB 11593). A, neck and segments 1–9, ventral view; B, segments 1–8, dorsal view; C, neck and segment 1, ventral view, focusing on left midlateral type-2 glandular cell outlet; D, segments 1–3, ventral view; E, segments 6–8, ventral view; F, segments 9–11, ventral view.Abbreviations:ltas, lateral terminal accessory spine; lts, lateral terminal spine; lvs, lateroventral acicular spine; mds, middorsal acicular spine. Digits after abbreviations indicate the corresponding segment number. Black arrows, sensory spots; white arrowhead, type-1 glandular cell outlet; black arrowheads, type-2 glandular cell outlets." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187761/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">Fig. 11D</figureCitation>
). Type-1 glandular cell outlets situated in middorsal position.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB36F62445FFD03DD62D7D09AAFA4D" blockId="19.[151,1437,917,2022]" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">
Segment 4 with middorsal acicular spine (
<figureCitation id="135F2A732445FFD03F8C2D7E0840FA91" box="[669,770,1349,1374]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1857,1879]" captionTargetBox="[237,1358,194,1842]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[237,1358,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 11. Echinoderes sp. 1, Nomarski photomicrographs of a female specimen (ZMB 11593). A, neck and segments 1–9, ventral view; B, segments 1–8, dorsal view; C, neck and segment 1, ventral view, focusing on left midlateral type-2 glandular cell outlet; D, segments 1–3, ventral view; E, segments 6–8, ventral view; F, segments 9–11, ventral view.Abbreviations:ltas, lateral terminal accessory spine; lts, lateral terminal spine; lvs, lateroventral acicular spine; mds, middorsal acicular spine. Digits after abbreviations indicate the corresponding segment number. Black arrows, sensory spots; white arrowhead, type-1 glandular cell outlet; black arrowheads, type-2 glandular cell outlets." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187761/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">Fig. 11B</figureCitation>
). Sensory spots in subdorsal position. Type-1 glandular cell outlets present paradorsal and ventromedial position.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB36F62445FFD03DD62DB50A2FFA21" blockId="19.[151,1437,917,2022]" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">
Segment 5 with sensory spots in subdorsal, midlateral, and ventromedial position (
<figureCitation id="135F2A732445FFD039752DB60F8BFA69" box="[1124,1225,1421,1446]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1857,1879]" captionTargetBox="[237,1358,194,1842]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[237,1358,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 11. Echinoderes sp. 1, Nomarski photomicrographs of a female specimen (ZMB 11593). A, neck and segments 1–9, ventral view; B, segments 1–8, dorsal view; C, neck and segment 1, ventral view, focusing on left midlateral type-2 glandular cell outlet; D, segments 1–3, ventral view; E, segments 6–8, ventral view; F, segments 9–11, ventral view.Abbreviations:ltas, lateral terminal accessory spine; lts, lateral terminal spine; lvs, lateroventral acicular spine; mds, middorsal acicular spine. Digits after abbreviations indicate the corresponding segment number. Black arrows, sensory spots; white arrowhead, type-1 glandular cell outlet; black arrowheads, type-2 glandular cell outlets." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187761/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">Fig. 11B</figureCitation>
). Type-1 glandular cell outlets present in middorsal and ventromedial position. Type-2 glandular cell outlets present in lateral accessory position.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB36F62445FFD03DD62DC10FE8F9F9" blockId="19.[151,1437,917,2022]" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">
Segment 6 with lateroventral acicular spines (
<figureCitation id="135F2A732445FFD03FD42DC20808F9DD" box="[709,842,1529,1554]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1857,1879]" captionTargetBox="[237,1358,194,1842]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[237,1358,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 11. Echinoderes sp. 1, Nomarski photomicrographs of a female specimen (ZMB 11593). A, neck and segments 1–9, ventral view; B, segments 1–8, dorsal view; C, neck and segment 1, ventral view, focusing on left midlateral type-2 glandular cell outlet; D, segments 1–3, ventral view; E, segments 6–8, ventral view; F, segments 9–11, ventral view.Abbreviations:ltas, lateral terminal accessory spine; lts, lateral terminal spine; lvs, lateroventral acicular spine; mds, middorsal acicular spine. Digits after abbreviations indicate the corresponding segment number. Black arrows, sensory spots; white arrowhead, type-1 glandular cell outlet; black arrowheads, type-2 glandular cell outlets." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187761/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">Fig. 11A, E</figureCitation>
). Sensory spots present in paradorsal, midlateral, and ventromedial position. Type-1 glandular cell outlets present paradorsally and ventromedially.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB36F62445FFD03DD62E790E36F9B1" blockId="19.[151,1437,917,2022]" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">
Segment 7 with lateroventral acicular spines (
<figureCitation id="135F2A732445FFD03FD92E7A080CF995" box="[712,846,1601,1626]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1857,1879]" captionTargetBox="[237,1358,194,1842]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[237,1358,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 11. Echinoderes sp. 1, Nomarski photomicrographs of a female specimen (ZMB 11593). A, neck and segments 1–9, ventral view; B, segments 1–8, dorsal view; C, neck and segment 1, ventral view, focusing on left midlateral type-2 glandular cell outlet; D, segments 1–3, ventral view; E, segments 6–8, ventral view; F, segments 9–11, ventral view.Abbreviations:ltas, lateral terminal accessory spine; lts, lateral terminal spine; lvs, lateroventral acicular spine; mds, middorsal acicular spine. Digits after abbreviations indicate the corresponding segment number. Black arrows, sensory spots; white arrowhead, type-1 glandular cell outlet; black arrowheads, type-2 glandular cell outlets." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187761/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">Fig. 11A, E</figureCitation>
). Sensory spots present in subdorsal, midlateral, and ventromedial position (
<figureCitation id="135F2A732445FFD03C8A2E5E0943F9B1" box="[411,513,1637,1662]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1857,1879]" captionTargetBox="[237,1358,194,1842]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[237,1358,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 11. Echinoderes sp. 1, Nomarski photomicrographs of a female specimen (ZMB 11593). A, neck and segments 1–9, ventral view; B, segments 1–8, dorsal view; C, neck and segment 1, ventral view, focusing on left midlateral type-2 glandular cell outlet; D, segments 1–3, ventral view; E, segments 6–8, ventral view; F, segments 9–11, ventral view.Abbreviations:ltas, lateral terminal accessory spine; lts, lateral terminal spine; lvs, lateroventral acicular spine; mds, middorsal acicular spine. Digits after abbreviations indicate the corresponding segment number. Black arrows, sensory spots; white arrowhead, type-1 glandular cell outlet; black arrowheads, type-2 glandular cell outlets." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187761/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">Fig. 11B</figureCitation>
). Type-1 glandular cell outlets present in middorsal and ventromedial position.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB36F62445FFD03DD62EB10E1BF909" blockId="19.[151,1437,917,2022]" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">
Segment 8 with paradorsal and laterodorsal sensory spots (
<figureCitation id="135F2A732445FFD03E752EB20889F96D" box="[868,971,1673,1698]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1857,1879]" captionTargetBox="[237,1358,194,1842]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[237,1358,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 11. Echinoderes sp. 1, Nomarski photomicrographs of a female specimen (ZMB 11593). A, neck and segments 1–9, ventral view; B, segments 1–8, dorsal view; C, neck and segment 1, ventral view, focusing on left midlateral type-2 glandular cell outlet; D, segments 1–3, ventral view; E, segments 6–8, ventral view; F, segments 9–11, ventral view.Abbreviations:ltas, lateral terminal accessory spine; lts, lateral terminal spine; lvs, lateroventral acicular spine; mds, middorsal acicular spine. Digits after abbreviations indicate the corresponding segment number. Black arrows, sensory spots; white arrowhead, type-1 glandular cell outlet; black arrowheads, type-2 glandular cell outlets." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187761/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">Fig. 11B</figureCitation>
). Type-1 glandular cell outlets present in paradorsal and ventromedial position. Type-2 glandular cell outlets situated in sublateral position (
<figureCitation id="135F2A732445FFD039F42E960E0EF909" box="[1253,1356,1709,1734]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1857,1879]" captionTargetBox="[237,1358,194,1842]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[237,1358,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 11. Echinoderes sp. 1, Nomarski photomicrographs of a female specimen (ZMB 11593). A, neck and segments 1–9, ventral view; B, segments 1–8, dorsal view; C, neck and segment 1, ventral view, focusing on left midlateral type-2 glandular cell outlet; D, segments 1–3, ventral view; E, segments 6–8, ventral view; F, segments 9–11, ventral view.Abbreviations:ltas, lateral terminal accessory spine; lts, lateral terminal spine; lvs, lateroventral acicular spine; mds, middorsal acicular spine. Digits after abbreviations indicate the corresponding segment number. Black arrows, sensory spots; white arrowhead, type-1 glandular cell outlet; black arrowheads, type-2 glandular cell outlets." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187761/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">Fig. 11A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB36F62445FFD03DD62EE90A2FF8FD" blockId="19.[151,1437,917,2022]" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">
Segment 9 with paradorsal, laterodorsal, and ventrolateral sensory spots (
<figureCitation id="135F2A732445FFD0391D2EEA0FD6F925" box="[1036,1172,1745,1770]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1857,1879]" captionTargetBox="[237,1358,194,1842]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[237,1358,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 11. Echinoderes sp. 1, Nomarski photomicrographs of a female specimen (ZMB 11593). A, neck and segments 1–9, ventral view; B, segments 1–8, dorsal view; C, neck and segment 1, ventral view, focusing on left midlateral type-2 glandular cell outlet; D, segments 1–3, ventral view; E, segments 6–8, ventral view; F, segments 9–11, ventral view.Abbreviations:ltas, lateral terminal accessory spine; lts, lateral terminal spine; lvs, lateroventral acicular spine; mds, middorsal acicular spine. Digits after abbreviations indicate the corresponding segment number. Black arrows, sensory spots; white arrowhead, type-1 glandular cell outlet; black arrowheads, type-2 glandular cell outlets." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187761/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">Fig. 11A, F</figureCitation>
). Type-1 glandular cell outlets present in paradorsal and ventromedial position. Small rounded sieve plates (nephridial openings) present in sublateral position.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB36F62445FFD03DD62F050FE8F8B5" blockId="19.[151,1437,917,2022]" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">Segment 10 with subdorsal and ventrolateral sensory spots. Two type-1 glandular cell outlets aligned middorsally. Additional pair of type-1 glandular cell outlets present in ventromedial position.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB36F62445FFD03DD62FBD0F7CF80D" blockId="19.[151,1437,917,2022]" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">
Segment 11 with lateral terminal spines (
<figureCitation id="135F2A732445FFD03FB62FBE0870F851" box="[679,818,1925,1950]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1857,1879]" captionTargetBox="[237,1358,194,1842]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[237,1358,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 11. Echinoderes sp. 1, Nomarski photomicrographs of a female specimen (ZMB 11593). A, neck and segments 1–9, ventral view; B, segments 1–8, dorsal view; C, neck and segment 1, ventral view, focusing on left midlateral type-2 glandular cell outlet; D, segments 1–3, ventral view; E, segments 6–8, ventral view; F, segments 9–11, ventral view.Abbreviations:ltas, lateral terminal accessory spine; lts, lateral terminal spine; lvs, lateroventral acicular spine; mds, middorsal acicular spine. Digits after abbreviations indicate the corresponding segment number. Black arrows, sensory spots; white arrowhead, type-1 glandular cell outlet; black arrowheads, type-2 glandular cell outlets." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187761/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">Fig. 11A, F</figureCitation>
). Lateral terminal accessory spines present in female specimen (
<figureCitation id="135F2A732445FFD03C012F920A31F80D" box="[272,371,1961,1986]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1857,1879]" captionTargetBox="[237,1358,194,1842]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[237,1358,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 11. Echinoderes sp. 1, Nomarski photomicrographs of a female specimen (ZMB 11593). A, neck and segments 1–9, ventral view; B, segments 1–8, dorsal view; C, neck and segment 1, ventral view, focusing on left midlateral type-2 glandular cell outlet; D, segments 1–3, ventral view; E, segments 6–8, ventral view; F, segments 9–11, ventral view.Abbreviations:ltas, lateral terminal accessory spine; lts, lateral terminal spine; lvs, lateroventral acicular spine; mds, middorsal acicular spine. Digits after abbreviations indicate the corresponding segment number. Black arrows, sensory spots; white arrowhead, type-1 glandular cell outlet; black arrowheads, type-2 glandular cell outlets." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187761/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">Fig. 11F</figureCitation>
). Tergal plate extending laterally and forming tergal extensions.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37E657D2445FFD73DD62FF60F09FC4F" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="561" pageId="19" pageNumber="560" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BDB36F62445FFD73DD62FF608C3FF37" blockId="19.[151,1437,917,2022]" lastBlockId="20.[151,1437,151,896]" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="561" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">
<emphasis id="B910EAE42445FFD03DD62FF60A79F829" bold="true" box="[199,315,1997,2022]" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C644D752445FFD03C522FF60A8CF82A" authorityName="Yamasaki &amp; Neuhaus &amp; George" authorityYear="2018" box="[323,462,1997,2021]" class="Kinorhyncha" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclorhagida" pageId="19" pageNumber="560" phylum="Cephalorhyncha" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B910EAE42445FFD03C522FF60A8CF82A" box="[323,462,1997,2021]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">Echinoderes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 1 is similar to 
<taxonomicName id="4C644D752445FFD03FB22FF50805F82A" authority="Yamasaki &amp; Neuhaus &amp; George, 2018" authorityName="Yamasaki &amp; Neuhaus &amp; George" authorityYear="2018" box="[675,839,1998,2021]" class="Kinorhyncha" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclorhagida" pageId="19" pageNumber="560" phylum="Cephalorhyncha" rank="species" species="unispinosus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B910EAE42445FFD03FB22FF50805F82A" box="[675,839,1998,2021]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">E. unispinosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A223579F2445FFD03E412FF608E9F829" box="[848,939,1997,2022]" pageId="19" pageNumber="560" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B910EAE42445FFD03E412FF608E9F829" bold="true" box="[848,939,1997,2022]" pageId="19" pageNumber="560">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
in having acicular spines only in middorsal position on segment 4 and in lateroventral position on segments 6 and 7. There is no other species with such a spine formula. In addition, the positions of type-2 glandular cell outlets are completely identical in the two species. These similarities suggest the close relationship between the two species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB36F62442FFD73DD6293F0F09FC4F" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,896]" pageId="20" pageNumber="561">
Despite these similarities, we did not assign 
<taxonomicName id="4C644D752442FFD73FA9293F0801FED3" authorityName="Yamasaki &amp; Neuhaus &amp; George" authorityYear="2018" box="[696,835,260,284]" class="Kinorhyncha" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclorhagida" pageId="20" pageNumber="561" phylum="Cephalorhyncha" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B910EAE42442FFD73FA9293F0801FED3" box="[696,835,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="561">Echinoderes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 1 to 
<taxonomicName id="4C644D752442FFD73EB3293F0FFAFED3" authority="Yamasaki &amp; Neuhaus &amp; George, 2018" authorityName="Yamasaki &amp; Neuhaus &amp; George" authorityYear="2018" box="[930,1208,260,284]" class="Kinorhyncha" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclorhagida" pageId="20" pageNumber="561" phylum="Cephalorhyncha" rank="species" species="unispinosus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B910EAE42442FFD73EB3293F0FFAFED3" box="[930,1208,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="561">Echinoderes unispinosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A223579F2442FFD739AF293F0E5AFED2" box="[1214,1304,260,285]" pageId="20" pageNumber="561" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B910EAE42442FFD739AF293F0E5AFED2" bold="true" box="[1214,1304,260,285]" pageId="20" pageNumber="561">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
but assume it to represent another undescribed species because of several morphological differences between the two species: 
<taxonomicName id="4C644D752442FFD73D8629770A60FEAB" authorityName="Yamasaki &amp; Neuhaus &amp; George" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,290,332,356]" class="Kinorhyncha" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclorhagida" pageId="20" pageNumber="561" phylum="Cephalorhyncha" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B910EAE42442FFD73D8629770A60FEAB" box="[151,290,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="561">Echinoderes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 1 is smaller in trunk length than 
<taxonomicName id="4C644D752442FFD73FDA29760832FEAB" authority="Yamasaki &amp; Neuhaus &amp; George, 2018" authorityName="Yamasaki &amp; Neuhaus &amp; George" authorityYear="2018" box="[715,880,333,356]" class="Kinorhyncha" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclorhagida" pageId="20" pageNumber="561" phylum="Cephalorhyncha" rank="species" species="unispinosus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B910EAE42442FFD73FDA2976099EFEAB" box="[715,732,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="561">E</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B910EAE42442FFD73FFD29760832FEAB" box="[748,880,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="561">unispinosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A223579F2442FFD73E6829770896FEAA" box="[889,980,332,357]" pageId="20" pageNumber="561" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B910EAE42442FFD73E6829770896FEAA" bold="true" box="[889,980,332,357]" pageId="20" pageNumber="561">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(219 µm in 
<taxonomicName id="4C644D752442FFD7397729770FB3FEAB" authorityName="Yamasaki &amp; Neuhaus &amp; George" authorityYear="2018" box="[1126,1265,332,356]" class="Kinorhyncha" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclorhagida" pageId="20" pageNumber="561" phylum="Cephalorhyncha" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B910EAE42442FFD7397729770FB3FEAB" box="[1126,1265,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="561">Echinoderes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 1, whereas 265–305 µm in 
<taxonomicName id="4C644D752442FFD73C5E294A0AB7FE48" authority="Yamasaki &amp; Neuhaus &amp; George, 2018" authorityName="Yamasaki &amp; Neuhaus &amp; George" authorityYear="2018" box="[335,501,368,392]" class="Kinorhyncha" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclorhagida" pageId="20" pageNumber="561" phylum="Cephalorhyncha" rank="species" species="unispinosus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B910EAE42442FFD73C5E294A0A22FE47" box="[335,352,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="561">E</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B910EAE42442FFD73C60294B0AB7FE48" box="[369,501,368,391]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="561">unispinosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A223579F2442FFD73CEF2954091BFE47" box="[510,601,367,392]" pageId="20" pageNumber="561" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B910EAE42442FFD73CEF2954091BFE47" bold="true" box="[510,601,367,392]" pageId="20" pageNumber="561">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
), in 
<taxonomicName id="4C644D752442FFD73F80294B085EFE47" authorityName="Yamasaki &amp; Neuhaus &amp; George" authorityYear="2018" box="[657,796,368,392]" class="Kinorhyncha" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclorhagida" pageId="20" pageNumber="561" phylum="Cephalorhyncha" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B910EAE42442FFD73F80294B085EFE47" box="[657,796,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="561">Echinoderes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 1 the pectinate fringe teeth of the primary pectinate fringe on segment 1 are broader than those on the other segments of this species, whereas the width of the pectinate fringe teeth is similar on all segments in 
<taxonomicName id="4C644D752442FFD73F932982086BFE00" authority="Yamasaki &amp; Neuhaus &amp; George, 2018" authorityName="Yamasaki &amp; Neuhaus &amp; George" authorityYear="2018" box="[642,809,440,464]" class="Kinorhyncha" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclorhagida" pageId="20" pageNumber="561" phylum="Cephalorhyncha" rank="species" species="unispinosus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B910EAE42442FFD73F932982086BFE00" box="[642,809,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="561">E. unispinosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A223579F2442FFD73E24298C08D1FE1F" box="[821,915,439,464]" pageId="20" pageNumber="561" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B910EAE42442FFD73E24298C08D1FE1F" bold="true" box="[821,915,439,464]" pageId="20" pageNumber="561">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(compare 
<figureCitation id="135F2A732442FFD73902298C0F2FFE1F" box="[1043,1133,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURE9" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1770,1792]" captionTargetBox="[153,1432,194,1749]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[153,1433,193,1749]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE9. Echinoderes unispinosussp.nov., Nomarskiphotomicrographs of theholotypic female(ZMB 11587).A, neckand segments 1–5, ventral view; B, neck and segments 1–5, dorsal view; C, neckand segments 1–2, ventral view, focusing on right midlateral type-2 glandular cell outlet on segment 1; D, segments 3–8, ventral view. Abbreviations: lvs, lateroventral acicular spine; mds, middorsal acicular spine; seg, segment. Digits after abbreviations indicate the corresponding segment number. Black arrows, sensory spots; white arrowheads, type-1 glandular cell outlets; black arrowheads, type-2 glandularcell outlets." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187757/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="561">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
and 
<figureCitation id="135F2A732442FFD739BC298C0E54FE1F" box="[1197,1302,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1857,1879]" captionTargetBox="[237,1358,194,1842]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[237,1358,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 11. Echinoderes sp. 1, Nomarski photomicrographs of a female specimen (ZMB 11593). A, neck and segments 1–9, ventral view; B, segments 1–8, dorsal view; C, neck and segment 1, ventral view, focusing on left midlateral type-2 glandular cell outlet; D, segments 1–3, ventral view; E, segments 6–8, ventral view; F, segments 9–11, ventral view.Abbreviations:ltas, lateral terminal accessory spine; lts, lateral terminal spine; lvs, lateroventral acicular spine; mds, middorsal acicular spine. Digits after abbreviations indicate the corresponding segment number. Black arrows, sensory spots; white arrowhead, type-1 glandular cell outlet; black arrowheads, type-2 glandular cell outlets." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187761/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="561">Fig. 11D</figureCitation>
), sublateral sensory spots on segment 3 and subdorsal sensory spots on segment 4 are present in 
<taxonomicName id="4C644D752442FFD7397729E70FB3FE3B" authorityName="Yamasaki &amp; Neuhaus &amp; George" authorityYear="2018" box="[1126,1265,476,500]" class="Kinorhyncha" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclorhagida" pageId="20" pageNumber="561" phylum="Cephalorhyncha" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B910EAE42442FFD7397729E70FB3FE3B" box="[1126,1265,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="561">Echinoderes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 1, whereas such spots are absent in 
<taxonomicName id="4C644D752442FFD73CAC2A3A0927FDD8" authority="Yamasaki &amp; Neuhaus &amp; George, 2018" authorityName="Yamasaki &amp; Neuhaus &amp; George" authorityYear="2018" box="[445,613,512,536]" class="Kinorhyncha" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclorhagida" pageId="20" pageNumber="561" phylum="Cephalorhyncha" rank="species" species="unispinosus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B910EAE42442FFD73CAC2A3A0A8CFDD7" box="[445,462,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="561">E</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B910EAE42442FFD73CF02A3B0927FDD8" box="[481,613,512,535]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="561">unispinosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A223579F2442FFD73F6029C4098DFDD7" box="[625,719,511,536]" pageId="20" pageNumber="561" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B910EAE42442FFD73F6029C4098DFDD7" bold="true" box="[625,719,511,536]" pageId="20" pageNumber="561">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, and ventromedial sensory spots on segment 8 are absent in 
<taxonomicName id="4C644D752442FFD73D862A1F0A60FDF3" authorityName="Yamasaki &amp; Neuhaus &amp; George" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,290,548,572]" class="Kinorhyncha" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclorhagida" pageId="20" pageNumber="561" phylum="Cephalorhyncha" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B910EAE42442FFD73D862A1F0A60FDF3" box="[151,290,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="561">Echinoderes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 1, whereas such spots are present in 
<taxonomicName id="4C644D752442FFD73FF32A1E08C6FDF3" authority="Yamasaki &amp; Neuhaus &amp; George, 2018" authorityName="Yamasaki &amp; Neuhaus &amp; George" authorityYear="2018" box="[738,900,549,572]" class="Kinorhyncha" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclorhagida" pageId="20" pageNumber="561" phylum="Cephalorhyncha" rank="species" species="unispinosus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B910EAE42442FFD73FF32A1E09B1FDF3" box="[738,755,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="561">E</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B910EAE42442FFD73E112A1E08C6FDF3" box="[768,900,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="561">unispinosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A223579F2442FFD73E9A2A1F08A6FDF2" box="[907,996,548,573]" pageId="20" pageNumber="561" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B910EAE42442FFD73E9A2A1F08A6FDF2" bold="true" box="[907,996,548,573]" pageId="20" pageNumber="561">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
However, the difference in size and the presence/absence of sensory spots may just originate from variation in one and the same species. Such variations were revealed in other kinorhynch species, e.g., 
<taxonomicName id="4C644D752442FFD73FDC2A57082CFD4B" box="[717,878,620,644]" class="Kinorhyncha" family="Centroderidae" genus="Campyloderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclorhagida" pageId="20" pageNumber="561" phylum="Cephalorhyncha" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B910EAE42442FFD73FDC2A57082CFD4B" box="[717,878,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="561">Campyloderes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
cf. 
<emphasis id="B910EAE42442FFD73EB12A570F61FD4B" box="[928,1059,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="561">vanhoeffeni</emphasis>
Zelinka, 1913, 
<taxonomicName id="4C644D752442FFD739CF2A570A78FD67" authority="Higgins, 1968" authorityName="Higgins" authorityYear="1968" class="Kinorhyncha" family="Cateriidae" genus="Cateria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclorhagida" pageId="20" pageNumber="561" phylum="Cephalorhyncha" rank="species" species="gerlachi">
<emphasis id="B910EAE42442FFD739CF2A570EDEFD4B" box="[1246,1436,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="561">Cateria gerlachi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B072442FFD73D862AB40A78FD67" box="[151,314,655,680]" pageId="20" pageNumber="561" refId="ref8543" refString="Higgins, R. P. (1968) Taxonomy and Postembryonic development of the Cryptorhagae, a new suborder for the mesopasammic kinorhynch genus Cateria. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 87, 21 - 39. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3224334" type="journal article">Higgins, 1968</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C644D752442FFD73C562AAB093FFD67" authority="Gerlach, 1956" authorityName="Gerlach" authorityYear="1956" box="[327,637,655,680]" class="Kinorhyncha" family="Cateriidae" genus="Cateria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclorhagida" pageId="20" pageNumber="561" phylum="Cephalorhyncha" rank="species" species="styx">
<emphasis id="B910EAE42442FFD73C562AAB0A93FD67" box="[327,465,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="561">Cateria styx</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B072442FFD73CC82AB4093FFD67" box="[473,637,655,680]" pageId="20" pageNumber="561" refId="ref8158" refString="Gerlach, S. A. (1956) Uber einen aberranten Vertreter der Kinorhynchen aus dem Kustengrundwasser. Kieler Meeresforschungen, 12, 120 - 124." type="journal article">Gerlach, 1956</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C644D752442FFD73F982AAB0FD3FD67" authority="Neuhaus et al., 2014" authorityName="Neuhaus et al." authorityYear="2014" box="[649,1169,655,680]" class="Kinorhyncha" family="Centroderidae" genus="Centroderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclorhagida" pageId="20" pageNumber="561" phylum="Cephalorhyncha" rank="species" species="barbanigra">
<emphasis id="B910EAE42442FFD73F982AAB08D8FD67" box="[649,922,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="561">Centroderes barbanigra</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B072442FFD73EB22AB40FD3FD67" box="[931,1169,655,680]" pageId="20" pageNumber="561" refId="ref9246" refString="Neuhaus, B., Pardos, F., Sorensen, M. V. &amp; Higgins, R. P. (2014) New species of Centroderes (Kinorhyncha, Cyclorhagida) from the Northwest Atlantic Ocean, life cycle, and ground pattern of the genus. Zootaxa, 3901 (1), 1 ¯ 69. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3901.1.1" type="journal article">
Neuhaus 
<emphasis id="B910EAE42442FFD7391C2AAA0F05FD67" box="[1037,1095,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="561">et al.</emphasis>
, 2014
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="B910EAE42442FFD7398F2AAB0E56FD67" box="[1182,1300,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="561">Ce. drakei</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B072442FFD7380C2AB40BBFFD03" pageId="20" pageNumber="561" refId="ref9246" refString="Neuhaus, B., Pardos, F., Sorensen, M. V. &amp; Higgins, R. P. (2014) New species of Centroderes (Kinorhyncha, Cyclorhagida) from the Northwest Atlantic Ocean, life cycle, and ground pattern of the genus. Zootaxa, 3901 (1), 1 ¯ 69. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3901.1.1" type="journal article">
Neuhaus 
<emphasis id="B910EAE42442FFD738992AAA0BF6FD03" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="561">et al.</emphasis>
, 2014
</bibRefCitation>
, 
<emphasis id="B910EAE42442FFD73C192A8F0AC1FD03" box="[264,387,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="561">Ce. readae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B072442FFD73C9B2A8F0937FD03" box="[394,629,692,717]" pageId="20" pageNumber="561" refId="ref9246" refString="Neuhaus, B., Pardos, F., Sorensen, M. V. &amp; Higgins, R. P. (2014) New species of Centroderes (Kinorhyncha, Cyclorhagida) from the Northwest Atlantic Ocean, life cycle, and ground pattern of the genus. Zootaxa, 3901 (1), 1 ¯ 69. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3901.1.1" type="journal article">
Neuhaus 
<emphasis id="B910EAE42442FFD73CE22A8E096EFD03" box="[499,556,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="561">et al.</emphasis>
, 2014
</bibRefCitation>
, 
<emphasis id="B910EAE42442FFD73F912A8F09E5FD04" box="[640,679,692,715]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="561">Ce.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C644D752442FFD73FBF2A8E0897FD03" authority="(Reinhard, 1881)" authorityName="Reinhard" authorityYear="1881" baseAuthorityName="Reinhard" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[686,981,692,717]" class="Kinorhyncha" family="Centroderidae" genus="Centroderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclorhagida" pageId="20" pageNumber="561" phylum="Cephalorhyncha" rank="species" species="spinosus">
<emphasis id="B910EAE42442FFD73FBF2A8E084DFD03" box="[686,783,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="561">spinosus</emphasis>
(Reinhard, 1881)
</taxonomicName>
(Neuhaus 
<emphasis id="B910EAE42442FFD7395E2A8E0FC2FD03" box="[1103,1152,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="561">et al</emphasis>
. 2013, 2014; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B072442FFD7380C2A8F0A00FD3F" pageId="20" pageNumber="561" refId="ref9187" refString="Neuhaus, B., Pardos, F., Sorensen, M. V. &amp; Higgins, R. P. (2013) Redescription, morphology, and biogeography of Centroderes spinosus (Reinhard, 1881) (Kinorhyncha, Cyclorhagida) from Europe. Cahiers de Biologie Marine, 54, 109 - 131." type="journal article">Neuhaus &amp; Sørensen 2013</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B072442FFD73C402AEC0925FD3F" box="[337,615,727,752]" pageId="20" pageNumber="561" refId="ref9110" refString="Neuhaus, B. &amp; Kegel, A. (2015) Redescription of Cateria gerlachi (Kinorhyncha, Cyclorhagida) from Sri Lanka and of C. styx from Brazil, with notes on C. gerlachi from India and C. styx from Chile, and ground pattern of the genus. Zootaxa, 3965 (1), 1 - 77. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3965.1.1" type="journal article">Neuhaus &amp; Kegel 2015</bibRefCitation>
). The variation within these species was investigated based on a larger amount of specimens, whereas a very limited amount of specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="4C644D752442FFD73EA52AC60F1AFCDB" authority="Yamasaki &amp; Neuhaus &amp; George, 2018" authorityName="Yamasaki &amp; Neuhaus &amp; George" authorityYear="2018" box="[948,1112,765,788]" class="Kinorhyncha" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclorhagida" pageId="20" pageNumber="561" phylum="Cephalorhyncha" rank="species" species="unispinosus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B910EAE42442FFD73EA52AC60F1AFCDB" box="[948,1112,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="561">E. unispinosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A223579F2442FFD739712AC70FF8FCDA" box="[1120,1210,764,789]" pageId="20" pageNumber="561" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B910EAE42442FFD739712AC70FF8FCDA" bold="true" box="[1120,1210,764,789]" pageId="20" pageNumber="561">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
and of 
<taxonomicName id="4C644D752442FFD738002AC70EDEFCDB" authorityName="Yamasaki &amp; Neuhaus &amp; George" authorityYear="2018" box="[1297,1436,764,788]" class="Kinorhyncha" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclorhagida" pageId="20" pageNumber="561" phylum="Cephalorhyncha" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B910EAE42442FFD738002AC70EDEFCDB" box="[1297,1436,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="561">Echinoderes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 1 are available for the current study. Furthermore, all specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="4C644D752442FFD73EBF2B1B0F7BFCF7" authorityName="Yamasaki &amp; Neuhaus &amp; George" authorityYear="2018" box="[942,1081,800,824]" class="Kinorhyncha" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclorhagida" pageId="20" pageNumber="561" phylum="Cephalorhyncha" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B910EAE42442FFD73EBF2B1B0F7BFCF7" box="[942,1081,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="561">Echinoderes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 
<quantity id="4C9C9B132442FFD739762B1B0FD0FCF7" box="[1127,1170,799,824]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="20" pageNumber="561" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
this study broke during the preparation. Thus, we hesitate to formally describe the species as a new species in this paper. We hope the species will be named as a new species when further material will become available.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>