treatments-xml/data/03/CD/87/03CD87D99E2B3A2D6DCB2C11FDE451C9.xml
2024-06-21 12:22:17 +02:00

209 lines
24 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="F609305FD613BFD9B223C1FECFE6F2D5" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4103.5.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="115d177c-b34a-4062-b3d5-8f0ee0374e61" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="267788" ID-ZooBank="4511286D-451E-4C2B-9CE3-5D7621E7DEDF" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460700639393" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Menezes, Isis Sá &amp; Ale-Rocha, Rosaly" docDate="2016" docId="03CD87D99E2B3A2D6DCB2C11FDE451C9" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4103.5.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4103 (5)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Syneches Walker" docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="403" masterDocId="FFF4FFA19E293A2F6D5C2D7EFFE8555A" masterDocTitle="Revision of the Amazonian species of Syneches Walker (Diptera, Hybotidae, Hybotinae)" masterLastPageNumber="442" masterPageNumber="401" pageNumber="403" updateTime="1698354491535" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="E3071D8DF4827B7CCD1D721B3594C8A0" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="303F4D53C30885AD1F35DCC3D3B88F09">
<mods:title id="22AE794170F89B2557F5C96C420B4996">Revision of the Amazonian species of Syneches Walker (Diptera, Hybotidae, Hybotinae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="AE0BDBCBDB177B6A80660EF523E39A02" type="personal">
<mods:role id="A25F9AE2F51D22141ADE3A37B19869A2">
<mods:roleTerm id="CA023971FC170F9483F9042D8425DCD1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="B1D0DB3E7D2E871FB44C685A9D31D045">Menezes, Isis Sá</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="5AF762DD63B3DDDC1BB8EC1E00F57A7F" type="personal">
<mods:role id="02B6F599105FB584D073302DBA922DA2">
<mods:roleTerm id="81DF3DA0F3274301B51D3563CEDCA065">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="830CD6CD401C8FC68A80D69274AD96F2">Ale-Rocha, Rosaly</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="F3C2AEC91F33FAE51AD6D917E5383EE8">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="A1F9C57C25EE1D2ACDA69E4C3A0713CD" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="ECCCA6F5014099B4FC9FF026197AAB9D">
<mods:title id="CC3F2C3FF52252D752FE9B9466125D5E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="39638CDE3EBCF1405A688B6BBFD34DC9">
<mods:date id="2D438ED57516A9A1193DDEFA6A75107E">2016</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="025FAF74BBA7B3724FD8078D1656B651" type="volume">
<mods:number id="01AC735FF949F16E733C50801D45D3A9">4103</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="494DA8754D58E2EDFD1D55A1FF96C3FF" type="issue">
<mods:number id="088F489AAC1113460A54D404513B31E4">5</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="41CAD889E26DE2C98A16F192D1AAB53A" unit="page">
<mods:start id="E0389220410EB30671918FE61CDB2B78">401</mods:start>
<mods:end id="F4EE65E5D4FD367880C87F4B3EB04818">442</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="5B7AE3A76450E1B526B66EF27586BDA0">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="DBD366725BF242CFFC3347A69BBF49D7" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4103.5.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1CA4744F7B2C517E1E133698038EE212" type="GBIF-Dataset">115d177c-b34a-4062-b3d5-8f0ee0374e61</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="5E241E74509CA13468720E1C0B5036BA" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="02F852E88BC9BC4E3637CA585435C76B" type="Zenodo-Dep">267788</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="61CF7CB9BD77D5E9D133F8415016CB4B" type="ZooBank">4511286D-451E-4C2B-9CE3-5D7621E7DEDF</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03CD87D99E2B3A2D6DCB2C11FDE451C9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6088564" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119583299" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6088564" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CD87D99E2B3A2D6DCB2C11FDE451C9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CD87D99E2B3A2D6DCB2C11FDE451C9" lastPageNumber="403" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">
<subSubSection id="C37E65449E2B3A2D6DCB2C11FE8354D0" box="[151,363,367,394]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BDB36CF9E2B3A2D6DCB2C11FE8354D0" blockId="2.[151,363,367,394]" box="[151,363,367,394]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">
<heading id="D09381A39E2B3A2D6DCB2C11FE8354D0" bold="true" box="[151,363,367,394]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C644D4C9E2B3A2D6DCB2C11FE8354D0" ID-CoL="9CJWQ" authority="Walker" authorityName="Walker" box="[151,363,367,394]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Syneches" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E2B3A2D6DCB2C11FE8354D0" bold="true" box="[151,363,367,394]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E2B3A2D6DCB2C11FEEF54D3" bold="true" box="[151,263,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Syneches</emphasis>
Walker
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37E65449E2B3A2D6DCB2CC8FB875798" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BDB36CF9E2B3A2D6DCB2CC8FD2F5750" blockId="2.[151,1436,438,706]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7411E19E2B3A2D6DCB2CC8FD2F5750" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">
<taxonomicName id="4C644D4C9E2B3A2D6DCB2CC8FE295496" ID-CoL="9CJWQ" authority="Walker, 1852: 165" authorityName="Walker" authorityPageNumber="165" authorityYear="1852" box="[151,449,438,460]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Syneches" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E2B3A2D6DCB2CC8FF1C5496" box="[151,244,438,460]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Syneches</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AC510DE9E2B3A2D6DA12CC8FE295496" author="Walker" box="[253,449,438,460]" page="165" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" year="1852">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B3E9E2B3A2D6DA12CC8FE625496" author="Walker" box="[253,394,438,460]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" refString="Walker, F. (1852) Diptera. In: Saunders W. W. (Ed.), Insecta Saundersiana: or characters of undescribed insects in the collection of W. W. Saunders. London, 474 pp." type="book" year="1852">Walker, 1852</bibRefCitation>
: 165
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Type-species:
<taxonomicName id="4C644D4C9E2B3A2D6F3E2CC8FC4D5496" ID-CoL="53VS6" authority="Walker 1852" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1852" box="[610,933,438,460]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Syneches" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simplex">
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E2B3A2D6F3E2CC8FCFE5496" box="[610,790,438,460]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Syneches simplex</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B3E9E2B3A2D6E432CC8FC4D5496" author="Walker" box="[799,933,438,460]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" refString="Walker, F. (1852) Diptera. In: Saunders W. W. (Ed.), Insecta Saundersiana: or characters of undescribed insects in the collection of W. W. Saunders. London, 474 pp." type="book" year="1852">Walker 1852</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(by monotypy).
<treatmentCitation id="0AC510DE9E2B3A2D69042CC8FAD95496" author="Melander" box="[1112,1329,438,460]" page="448" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" year="1965">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B3E9E2B3A2D69042CC8FB165496" author="Melander" box="[1112,1278,438,460]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" refString="Melander, A. L. (1965) Family Empididae (Empidae, Hybotidae). In: Stone, A., Sabrosky, C. W., Wirth, W. W., Foote, R. H. &amp; Coulson, J. R. (Eds.), A catalog of the Diptera of America North of Mexico. Agriculture Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Washington D. C., pp. 446 - 481." type="book chapter" year="1965">Melander, 1965</bibRefCitation>
: 448
</treatmentCitation>
(catalog);
<treatmentCitation id="0AC510DE9E2B3A2D6D9B2CABFE8F54B1" author="Smith" box="[199,359,469,491]" page="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" year="1967">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B3E9E2B3A2D6D9B2CABFEA254B1" author="Smith" box="[199,330,469,491]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" refString="Smith, K. G. V. (1967) Fascicle 39. Family Empididae (Empidae, Hybotidae). In: Papavero, N. (Ed.), A Catalogue of the Diptera of Americas South of the United States. Departamento de Zoologia, Secretaria de Agricultura, Sao Paulo, 67 pp." type="book" year="1967">Smith, 1967</bibRefCitation>
: 9
</treatmentCitation>
; 1969: 84; 1977: 190; 1980: 435; 1989: 389 (catalogs);
<treatmentCitation id="0AC510DE9E2B3A2D6E9F2CABFB8154B1" author="Wilder" box="[963,1129,469,491]" page="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" year="1974">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B3E9E2B3A2D6E9F2CABFBA654B1" author="Wilder" box="[963,1102,469,491]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" refString="Wilder, D. D. (1974) A revision of the genus Syneches Walker (Diptera: Empididae) for North America and the Antilles. Contributions of the American Entomological Institute, 10 (5), 1 - 30." type="journal article" year="1974">Wilder, 1974</bibRefCitation>
: 1
</treatmentCitation>
(review);
<treatmentCitation id="0AC510DE9E2B3A2D69862CABFA7454B1" author="Chvala" box="[1242,1436,469,491]" page="104" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" year="1983">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B3E9E2B3A2D69862CABFA8154B1" author="Chvala" box="[1242,1385,469,491]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" refString="Chvala, M. (1983) The Empidoidea (Diptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark. II. General Part. The families Hybotidae, Atelestidae and Microphoridae. Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica, 12, 1 - 279." type="journal article" year="1983">Chvála, 1983</bibRefCitation>
: 104
</treatmentCitation>
(citation);
<treatmentCitation id="0AC510DE9E2B3A2D6C6D2C8AFD885750" author="Chvala" box="[305,608,500,522]" page="184" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" year="1989">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B3E9E2B3A2D6C6D2C8AFDD85750" author="Chvala" box="[305,560,500,522]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" refString="Chvala, M. &amp; Kovalev, V. G. (1989) Family Hybotidae. In: Soos, A. &amp; Papp, L. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera, Volume 6, Elsevier Science Publishers and Akademiai Kiado, Amsterdam and Budapest, pp. 174 - 227" type="book chapter" year="1989">Chvála &amp; Kovalev, 1989</bibRefCitation>
: 184
</treatmentCitation>
(catalog).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB36CF9E2B3A2D6DCB2F6CFA745772" blockId="2.[151,1436,438,706]" box="[151,1436,530,552]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7411E19E2B3A2D6DCB2F6CFA745772" box="[151,1436,530,552]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">
<taxonomicName id="4C644D4C9E2B3A2D6DCB2F6CFE335772" authority="Rondani, 1856: 152" authorityName="Rondani" authorityPageNumber="152" authorityYear="1856" box="[151,475,530,552]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Pterospilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E2B3A2D6DCB2F6CFEE25772" box="[151,266,530,552]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Pterospilus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AC510DE9E2B3A2D6C532F6CFE335772" author="Rondani" box="[271,475,530,552]" page="152" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" year="1856">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B3E9E2B3A2D6C532F6CFE405772" author="Rondani" box="[271,424,530,552]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" refString="Rondani, C. (1856) Dipterologiae Italicae prodromus. Volume I. Genera italica ordinis dipterorum ordinatim disposita et distincta et in familias et stirpes aggregata. A. Stoschi, Parmae, 226 pp." type="book" year="1856">Rondani, 1856</bibRefCitation>
: 152
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Type-species:
<taxonomicName id="4C644D4C9E2B3A2D6F2A2F6CFC2E5772" authority="Fabricius, 1794" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1794" box="[630,966,530,552]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Asilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muscarius">
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E2B3A2D6F2A2F6CFCCA5772" box="[630,802,530,552]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Asilus muscarius</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B3E9E2B3A2D6E742F6CFC2E5772" author="Fabricius" box="[808,966,530,552]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" refString="Fabricius, J. C. (1794) Entomologia systematica emendata et aucta. Secundum classes, ordines, genera, species adjectis synonimis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus. Volume IV, C. G. Proft, Fil et Soc., Hafniae (= Copenhagen), 472 pp." type="book" year="1794">Fabricius, 1794</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(monotype).
<treatmentCitation id="0AC510DE9E2B3A2D69132F6CFAFC5772" author="Melander" box="[1103,1300,530,552]" page="38" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" year="1928">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B3E9E2B3A2D69132F6CFB195772" author="Melander" box="[1103,1265,530,552]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" refString="Melander, A. L. (1928) Diptera, Fam. Empididae. In: Wystman, P. (Ed.), Genera Insectorum. Fascicule 185 (1927), Bruxelles, 434 pp." type="book" year="1928">Melander, 1928</bibRefCitation>
: 38
</treatmentCitation>
(synonymy).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB36CF9E2B3A2D6DCB2F4CFDE6573C" blockId="2.[151,1436,438,706]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E2B3A2D6DCB2F4CFEFF571D" box="[151,279,562,583]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Harpamerus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B3E9E2B3A2D6C7D2F4FFE48571D" author="Bigot" box="[289,416,561,583]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" refString="Bigot, J. M. F. (1859) Dipterorum aliquot nova genera. Revue et Magasin de Zoologie Pure et Appliquee, (2) 11, 305 - 315." type="journal article" year="1859">Bigot, 1859</bibRefCitation>
: 306. Type-species:
<taxonomicName id="4C644D4C9E2B3A2D6F252F4CFC71571D" ID-CoL="8C9DX" authority="Bigot" authorityName="Bigot" box="[633,921,561,583]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Harpamerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="signatus">
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E2B3A2D6F252F4CFCB0571D" box="[633,856,562,583]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Harpamerus signatus</emphasis>
Bigot
</taxonomicName>
(by monotypy).
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B3E9E2B3A2D69132F4FFB21571D" author="Bezzi" box="[1103,1225,561,583]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" refString="Bezzi, M. (1904) Empididi Indo-Australiani raccolti dal signor L. Biro. Annales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, 2, 320 - 361." type="journal article" year="1904">Bezzi 1904</bibRefCitation>
: 329 (as subgenus);
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B3E9E2B3A2D6D9B2F2EFEBE573C" author="Sinclair" box="[199,342,592,614]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" refString="Sinclair, B. J. (2011) Revision of Fijian Syneches (Diptera: Empidoidea: Hybotidae), with a reassessment of the genus. The Canadian Entomologist, 143 (4), 358 - 369. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.4039 / n 11 - 021" type="journal article" year="2011">Sinclair, 2011</bibRefCitation>
: 359 (synonymy).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB36CF9E2B3A2D6DCB2F0EFADE57DE" blockId="2.[151,1436,438,706]" box="[151,1334,622,645]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7411E19E2B3A2D6DCB2F0EFADE57DE" box="[151,1334,622,645]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">
<taxonomicName id="4C644D4C9E2B3A2D6DCB2F0EFE4F57DE" authority="Walker, 1860: 149" authorityName="Walker" authorityPageNumber="149" authorityYear="1860" box="[151,423,622,645]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Epiceia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E2B3A2D6DCB2F0EFF0C57DF" box="[151,228,624,645]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Epiceia</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AC510DE9E2B3A2D6DB62F10FE4F57DE" author="Walker" box="[234,423,622,644]" page="149" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" year="1860">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B3E9E2B3A2D6DB62F10FE9D57DE" author="Walker" box="[234,373,622,644]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" refString="Walker, F. (1860) Catalogue of the dipterous insects collected in Amboyna by Mr. A. R. Wallace, with descriptions of new species. Journal and Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London, Zoology, 5, 145 - 172. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1860. tb 01023. x" type="journal article" year="1860">Walker, 1860</bibRefCitation>
: 149
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<typeStatus id="54DF886D9E2B3A2D6CED2F11FE0B57DE" box="[433,483,623,644]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="4C644D4C9E2B3A2D6F1C2F0EFCA557DE" authority="Walker" authorityName="Walker" box="[576,845,622,645]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Epiceia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ferruginea">
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E2B3A2D6F1C2F0EFD1757DE" box="[576,767,622,645]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Epiceia ferruginea</emphasis>
Walker
</taxonomicName>
(by monotypy).
<treatmentCitation id="0AC510DE9E2B3A2D6EA42F10FB7657DE" author="Bezzi" box="[1016,1182,622,644]" page="329" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" year="1904">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B3E9E2B3A2D6EA42F10FB8657DE" author="Bezzi" box="[1016,1134,622,644]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" refString="Bezzi, M. (1904) Empididi Indo-Australiani raccolti dal signor L. Biro. Annales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, 2, 320 - 361." type="journal article" year="1904">Bezzi 1904</bibRefCitation>
: 329
</treatmentCitation>
(as subgenus).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB36CF9E2B3A2D6DCB2FF3FB875798" blockId="2.[151,1436,438,706]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7411E19E2B3A2D6DCB2FF3FB875798" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">
<taxonomicName id="4C644D4C9E2B3A2D6DCB2FF3FE0A57F9" ID-CoL="63K7T" authority="Kertesz, 1899: 176" authorityName="Kertesz" authorityPageNumber="176" authorityYear="1899" box="[151,482,653,675]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Parahybos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E2B3A2D6DCB2FF3FEED57F9" box="[151,261,653,675]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Parahybos</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AC510DE9E2B3A2D6C4E2FF3FE0A57F9" author="Kertesz" box="[274,482,653,675]" page="176" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" year="1899">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B3E9E2B3A2D6C4E2FF3FE4057F9" author="Kertesz" box="[274,424,653,675]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" refString="Kertesz, K. (1899) Verzeichniss einiger, von L. Biro in Neu-Guinea und am Malayischen Archipel gesammelten Dipteren. Termeszetrajzi Fuzetek, 22, 173 - 195." type="journal article" year="1899">Kertész, 1899</bibRefCitation>
: 176
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Type-species:
<taxonomicName id="4C644D4C9E2B3A2D6FD62FF3FBFB57F9" ID-CoL="4CX58" authority="Kertesz, 1899" authorityName="Kertesz" authorityYear="1899" box="[650,1043,653,675]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Parahybos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="iridipennis">
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E2B3A2D6FD62FF3FC9A57F9" box="[650,882,653,675]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Parahybos iridipennis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B3E9E2B3A2D6EDC2FF3FBFB57F9" author="Kertesz" box="[896,1043,653,675]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" refString="Kertesz, K. (1899) Verzeichniss einiger, von L. Biro in Neu-Guinea und am Malayischen Archipel gesammelten Dipteren. Termeszetrajzi Fuzetek, 22, 173 - 195." type="journal article" year="1899">Kertész, 1899</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(by monotypy).
<treatmentCitation id="0AC510DE9E2B3A2D698D2FF0FA9957F9" author="Frey" box="[1233,1393,653,675]" page="67" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" year="1953">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B3E9E2B3A2D698D2FF0FAAF57F9" author="Frey" box="[1233,1351,653,675]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" refString="Frey, R. (1953) Studien uber ostasiatische Diptera. II. Hybotinae, Ocydromiinae, Hormopeza. Zett. Notulae Entomologicae, 33, 57 - 71." type="journal article" year="1953">Frey, 1953</bibRefCitation>
: 67
</treatmentCitation>
(as subgenus);
<treatmentCitation id="0AC510DE9E2B3A2D6C672FD2FE025798" author="Smith" box="[315,490,684,706]" page="188" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" year="1977">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B3E9E2B3A2D6C672FD2FE525798" author="Smith" box="[315,442,684,706]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" refString="Smith, K. G. V. (1977) Family Empididae (Empidae, Hybotidae). In: Delfinado, M. D. &amp; Hardy, D. E. (Eds), A catalog of the Diptera of the Oriental region. Volume 2. Suborder Brachycera through Division Aschiza, suborder Cyclorrapha. Univ. Press of Hawaii, Honolulu, pp. 185 - 193." type="book" year="1977">Smith, 1977</bibRefCitation>
: 188
</treatmentCitation>
(catalog); 1980: 434 (catalog); 1989: 389 (catalog, synonymy).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37E65449E2B3A2D6DCB2F90FD365135" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BDB36CF9E2B3A2D6DCB2F90FD365135" blockId="2.[151,1437,750,1171]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E2B3A2D6DCB2F90FEE2565D" bold="true" box="[151,266,750,775]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. Specimens varying from 2.0 to
<quantity id="4C9C9B2A9E2B3A2D6FC52F90FD1C565C" box="[665,756,750,775]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" unit="mm" value="7.5">7.5 mm</quantity>
in length; upper facets distinctly larger than lower; head hemispherical, males and females holoptic; postcranium with pruinescence; proboscis elongate, somewhat longer than head width (in lateral view), labellum strongly sclerotized, lacking pseudotracheae; postpedicel oval, usually short (long in
<taxonomicName id="4C644D4C9E2B3A2D6C1E2E25FDFA5629" box="[322,530,859,883]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Syneches" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longiflagellatus">
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E2B3A2D6C1E2E25FDFA5629" box="[322,530,859,883]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">S. longiflagellatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), with one or more dorsal setae; stylus hair-like, apical or dorsoapical, long, usually more than three times length of postpedicel, apex bare; palpus setose, shorter than proboscis, with developed apical seta; two pairs of ocellar setae; frons flat and oblique; postcranium concave, with distinct postocellar sclerite; thorax pruinose, scutum usually strongly arched; one or more pairs of dc setae and/or developed acr setae on prescutellar disc; wing broad with developed anal lobe and pterostigma often distinct; vein Rs long, arising before level of basal half of cell br; cell cu
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E2B3A2D6E722971FCD4517C" box="[814,828,1039,1062]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">p</emphasis>
almost as long as or slightly longer than bm; tergite 8 of male with large membranous central area reaching posterior margin; male terminalia symmetrical or nearly so, rotated 4590º to the right; surstylus not articulated.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37E65449E2B3A2D6D9B2904FDE451C9" box="[199,524,1146,1171]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BDB36CF9E2B3A2D6D9B2904FDE451C9" blockId="2.[151,1437,750,1171]" box="[199,524,1146,1171]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E2B3A2D6D9B2904FEB151C9" bold="true" box="[199,345,1146,1171]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Distribution</emphasis>
. Cosmopolitan.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>