198 lines
18 KiB
XML
198 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392622" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6392622" approvalRequired="1" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="1" checkinTime="1648536089805" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Landge, Shahid Nawaz & Shinde, Rajendra D." docDate="2022" docId="D95E650D5F6BA909FF75D1FA283BFCEF" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.541.3.4.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 541 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.541.3.4" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.4:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Parahyparrhenia A. Camus 1950" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="249" masterDocId="25671D755F6AA90BFFFDD52E295BFF8A" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic revision of the genus Parahyparrhenia (Poaceae: Andropogoneae) in India and review of African and Thai species" masterLastPageNumber="260" masterPageNumber="247" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" updateTime="1648536499140" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A taxonomic revision of the genus Parahyparrhenia (Poaceae: Andropogoneae) in India and review of African and Thai species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Landge, Shahid Nawaz</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>The Blatter Herbarium (BLAT), St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous) Mumbai 400001.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Shinde, Rajendra D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous) Mumbai 400001.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2022-03-29</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>541</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>3</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>247</mods:start>
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<mods:end>260</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.541.3.4</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.541.3.4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6392620</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392622" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6392622" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F6BA909FF75D1FA283BFCEF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D95E650D5F6BA909FF75D1FA283BFCEF" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="249" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
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<subSubSection box="[136,600,1236,1263]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="1.[136,600,1236,1263]" box="[136,600,1236,1263]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
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<heading box="[136,600,1236,1263]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" reason="3">
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<treatmentCitationGroup box="[136,600,1236,1263]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
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<treatmentCitation author="Camus, A. A." box="[136,596,1236,1263]" page=")" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" year="1950">
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<taxonomicName authority="A. Camus (1950: 404)" authorityName="A. Camus" authorityPageNumber="404" authorityYear="1950" box="[136,596,1236,1263]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,335,1236,1263]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Parahyparrhenia</emphasis>
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A.
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<bibRefCitation author="Camus, A. A." box="[376,596,1236,1263]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" pagination="404 - 405" refId="ref9203" refString="Camus, A. A. (1950) Parahyparrhenia, genre nouveau d'Andropogonees. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle 22: 404 - 405." type="journal article" year="1950">Camus (1950: 404)</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[189,959,1272,1299]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph blockId="1.[136,1452,1272,2091]" box="[189,959,1272,1299]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,337,1272,1298]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
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<typeStatus box="[189,248,1272,1298]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Type</typeStatus>
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species
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</emphasis>
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:—
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<taxonomicName authority="A. Camus (1950: 404)" authorityName="A. Camus" authorityPageNumber="404" authorityYear="1950" box="[373,955,1272,1299]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jaegeriana">
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<emphasis box="[373,695,1272,1298]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Parahyparrhenia jaegeriana</emphasis>
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A.
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<bibRefCitation author="Camus, A. A." box="[735,955,1272,1299]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" pagination="404 - 405" refId="ref9203" refString="Camus, A. A. (1950) Parahyparrhenia, genre nouveau d'Andropogonees. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle 22: 404 - 405." type="journal article" year="1950">Camus (1950: 404)</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="248" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="1.[136,1452,1272,2091]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,248,1308,1334]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Type</emphasis>
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:—
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1950-02-16" collectionCode="K" collectorName="de Kita" country="Serbia" location="West Africa" municipality="Massif de Kita" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" specimenCode="K000280143" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<collectingCountry box="[281,355,1308,1334]" name="Serbia" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">MALI</collectingCountry>
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[French Soudan]. French
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F6BA909FF75D1FA283BFCEF:542882C05F6BA90AFD76D0332A48FABC" box="[651,787,1308,1335]" country="Serbia" municipality="Massif de Kita" name="West Africa" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">West Africa</location>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality box="[799,969,1308,1334]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
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Massif
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<collectorName box="[883,969,1308,1334]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">de Kita</collectorName>
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</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<date box="[981,1184,1308,1335]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" value="1950-02-16">
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<collectingDate box="[981,1184,1308,1335]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" value="1950-02-16">16 February 1950</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
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<emphasis box="[1196,1272,1309,1334]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Jaeger</emphasis>
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17 (
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<typeStatus box="[1323,1423,1308,1334]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">holotype</typeStatus>
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<collectionCode box="[1431,1451,1309,1335]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
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barcode
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<specimenCode box="[232,377,1344,1370]" collectionCode="K" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" type="Herbarium">K000280143</specimenCode>
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[digital image!], available athttp://specimens.kew.org/herbarium/
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<specimenCode box="[1113,1262,1344,1370]" collectionCode="K" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" type="Herbarium">K000280143</specimenCode>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="1.[136,1452,1272,2091]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
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Annual or perennial, caespitose, erect or geniculately ascending herbs,
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<quantity box="[996,1122,1380,1407]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="16.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" unit="cm" value="90.0" valueMax="160.0" valueMin="20.0">20–160 cm</quantity>
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high; leaves 6.0–45×
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" unit="cm" value="0.35" valueMax="0.6" valueMin="0.1">0.1–0.6 cm</quantity>
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, glabrous or pubescent, glaucous or not, margin scabrous or smooth, blades drooping, reflexed or erecto-patent; ligule usually membranous rarely ciliate; Inflorescence racemes, usually binate, sometimes solitary or in scanty false spatheate panicles; raceme bases sub-equal to unequal, not deflexed, tip oblique without any distinct appendage (see
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Clayton" authorityYear="1966" baseAuthorityName="Hack." box="[136,406,1524,1550]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="annua">
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<emphasis box="[136,406,1524,1550]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Parahyparrhenia annua</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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); racemes 4–14-awned per pair; homogamous spikelets at the base of raceme well developed, 1.0–7.0 pairs, strictly staminate or barren, reduced to joints or vestigial scale or completely absent. Pedicel and rhachis internode sub-equal, ciliate on both the margins, tips oblique. Sessile spikelets linear, 5.0–
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<quantity box="[1130,1206,1596,1623]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
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long: callus obliquely pungent 1.5–4.0 mm slightly outwardly protruded, bearded with white, rufous or purplish hairs; lower glume 3.0–12- nerved, sometimes almost inconspicuously nerved, with a median longitudinal on the back or rarely convex, glabrous, scabrous in the upper part or not distally pilose or glabrous, tip acuminate, acute, bidentate or tridentate; upper glume 1–7-nerved, more often aristate, less often exaristate, tip lobed or not; lower floret barren, reduced to a hyaline epaleate lemma or altogether absent; upper floret strictly hermaphrodite, with or without minute scale-like palea, sometimes conspicuous, hyaline lemma constituting a base of a principal geniculate awn; awn
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<quantity box="[1090,1229,1812,1839]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" unit="mm" value="60.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="20.0">20–100 mm</quantity>
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, issuing from sinus of a bi-lobed fertile lemma, hispidulous or puberulous; stamens 3, anthers 0.5–5.0 mm. Pedicelled spikelets narrowly lanceolate, 5.0–
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<quantity box="[317,394,1884,1911]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" unit="mm" value="11.0">11 mm</quantity>
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long, shorter, sub-equal or longer than the sessile counterparts, variably staminate or barren, never hermaphrodite, aristate or muticous: callus oblong, short or long stipe-like, or completely absent, 0.5–2.0 mm long; lower glume with or without a longitudinal groove; lemma aristate or exaristate.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="249" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" type="etymology">
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<paragraph blockId="1.[136,1452,1272,2091]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,318,1992,2018]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Etymology</emphasis>
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:—The genus
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<taxonomicName authorityName="A. Camus" authorityYear="1950" box="[480,674,1992,2018]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[480,674,1992,2018]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Parahyparrhenia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<emphasis box="[692,745,1993,2018]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">para</emphasis>
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=beside) was erected based on some of its unusual characters, as discussed below, close to
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Andersson ex Eugene Fournier" authorityYear="1886" box="[455,599,2028,2054]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Hyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[455,599,2028,2054]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Hyparrhenia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The
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<typeStatus box="[663,711,2029,2055]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">type</typeStatus>
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species has been eponymised after the name of the
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<typeStatus box="[1292,1340,2029,2055]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">type</typeStatus>
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collector, Mr. Jaeger.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="2.[136,1452,158,869]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,245,158,184]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Note</emphasis>
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:—According to
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<bibRefCitation author="Camus, A. A." box="[442,607,158,185]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" pagination="404 - 405" refId="ref9203" refString="Camus, A. A. (1950) Parahyparrhenia, genre nouveau d'Andropogonees. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle 22: 404 - 405." type="journal article" year="1950">Camus (1950)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="A. Camus" authorityYear="1950" box="[623,817,158,184]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[623,817,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Parahyparrhenia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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“differed from
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Andersson ex Eugene Fournier" authorityYear="1886" box="[1004,1148,158,184]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Hyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[1004,1148,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Hyparrhenia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in its geminated [bi-nate] pseudo-spikes [spiciform-raceme] which are very rarely isolated [solitary] on top of the reed [culm] and do not usually occur in panicles, the spathe is reduced, sessile spikelets with cutting callus, a little oblique [sharp and pungent], very hairy, sericeous, there is a pair of similar spikelets [homogamous], very reduced, with awns, located at the base of the pseudo-spike [spiciform-raceme], sub-sessile. There are 4–5 pairs of spikelets per raceme. The sessile spikelets are very different in form to the pedicelled spikelets. The pseudo-spikes [spiciform-raceme] are sub-contiguous, with the awns of the fertile spikelets tangling such as in genus ‘
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Persoon" authorityYear="1807" box="[794,941,375,400]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Heteropogon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[794,941,375,400]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Heteropogon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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’, giving the impression of making one single raceme, but the inferior homomorphic spikelets are less developed than the spikelets of other pairs, with awns short and not twisted.” (Translated in English from French script of the protologue by Mr. Carlos Enrique Sánchez Ocharan,
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<collectingCountry box="[136,190,483,509]" name="Peru" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Peru</collectingCountry>
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, South America)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="249" type="distribution">
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<paragraph blockId="2.[136,1452,158,869]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,335,518,544]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Distribution</emphasis>
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:—Native range of the genus is from West Tropical Africa to Sahara and
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<collectingCountry box="[1174,1247,518,544]" name="Sudan" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Sudan</collectingCountry>
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, Peninsular
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<collectingCountry box="[1387,1447,518,544]" name="India" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">India</collectingCountry>
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, Indo-China (
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<collectingCountry box="[278,384,554,581]" name="Thailand" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Thailand</collectingCountry>
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); showing highly disjunct distributional pattern.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="2.[136,1452,158,869]" box="[189,724,590,617]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,440,590,616]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Flowering & fruiting</emphasis>
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:—September to January.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="2.[136,1452,158,869]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,459,626,652]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Habitats & Ecology:—</emphasis>
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The genus is known to occupy a narrow distributional range in Africa,
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<collectingCountry box="[1236,1294,626,652]" name="India" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">India</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry box="[1345,1448,626,652]" name="Thailand" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Thailand</collectingCountry>
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. It is fascinating to note that none of the species has an inter-continental distribution—they are only known from their native, specifically-confined and peculiar habitats. Acquisition of peculiar ecological niches such as: ephemeral pools during the rainy season on ironstone outcrops (in Africa); sloping sandstone with some water and seasonally flooded lands (in
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<collectingCountry box="[244,349,770,797]" name="Thailand" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Thailand</collectingCountry>
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); in the crevices of quartzite (Quartz Arenite) rocks and open grassland (in
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<collectingCountry box="[1218,1280,770,797]" name="India" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">India</collectingCountry>
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); making them difficult to locate outside of such specific geographical settings, thus making the genus extremely rare in occurrence and vulnerable too.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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||
</document> |