298 lines
57 KiB
XML
298 lines
57 KiB
XML
<document id="70DA54DEA3D7F9AE24927A8D43CADB37" ID-CLB-Dataset="4004" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5052.3.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7903d074-a590-48ba-b7e6-b515a0f1c65d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5572077" ID-ZooBank="1EB14EF1-E205-4E37-85F9-DFD97BE93058" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1634301027205" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Roux, Michel & Philippe, Michel" docDate="2021" docId="AD1B87ADFFEDCC6CFF2502E9FEC2FEBA" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5052.3.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5052 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Endoxocrinus gastaldii" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="317" masterDocId="5122FFD5FFE3CC7CFFB2027EFF8EFFFB" masterDocTitle="Early Miocene stalked crinoids (Echinodermata) from the southern Rhodanian basin (southeastern France). Paleoenvironments and taxonomy" masterLastPageNumber="331" masterPageNumber="301" pageNumber="315" updateTime="1699460049339" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
|
||
<mods:mods id="0B34BD3634DF5189012E00907EE8E84E" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="EB8243165886329F62465A4AB068F610">
|
||
<mods:title id="13DB05444A29B1A6FA48F3B2CA88B1E8">Early Miocene stalked crinoids (Echinodermata) from the southern Rhodanian basin (southeastern France). Paleoenvironments and taxonomy</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="2659CA6EF13D26A326F2B913EFC5139C" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="CBA9FF0FF4CF9EE8B389BF638F5C4519">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="2935C213EBBE27EEC7419E8C5346BF52">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="30A333EDFE52214663AE10D3AB7042EB">Roux, Michel</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="48A154D38DE19EEEB167D7E1C606A2D2">Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, UMR 7205 ISYEB MNHN-CNRS-UPMC-EPHE, Département Systématique et Évolution, CP</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="0D54C0647FBAE8D13B39BD2C111D4DF4" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="ACDE7DEC98854F452294C0ACF61F24B8">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="B2C0EE00EDC6DFC14A002E245BAE6DE8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="EB199730D341002D6CD85E749EF5AE2D">Philippe, Michel</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="65083502D2609A761D985FA72190BC5E" type="ORCID">0000-0002-4582-8990</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="81B2F57B29DE4D55AE639BC63D86AC23">Centre “ Louis Lortet de conservation et d’étude des collections (Musée des Confluences, Lyon) 13 A, rue Bancel - 69007 Lyon, France. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4582 - 8990</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="6BA842E00C570A6C19AEDB976D030FCD">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="48B7D07D548CA52D1B26AFD7B7C0A14E" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="F65FE299AE5D1926CB386099045199BA">
|
||
<mods:title id="2776F2DC43E7B9AE39DFFFC6BFD1DDC6">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="47B7E3DFD641100CB79421026A86AD17">
|
||
<mods:date id="A03EEFA2C9B4E890B5870666FC8DB16A">2021</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="D6375E14157DF23B6884C6CAC1AC21DF" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="033EDA07376C5FF1A4210FA33FC42DEE">2021-10-15</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="5532EC1B43F62D49B616A99EF7910AD9" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="5984BC8DEB83047A63EFD47F53ACCD9A">5052</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="D63BBDFAD60F46018F65E3FEE608B29D" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="592F4C6B06775DF0700E4495284693CD">3</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="74469D560EF56610C34834794FB514C4" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="F3B09653C0A70F3BCD6F0A4269CA7C1F">301</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="395F41BFA836EFA489DFD7F1E25D484B">331</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="4F43A18719E39EE2F13B9652C9154D47">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="301091D0C7987C03D008C9FAA7B09033" type="CLB-Dataset">4004</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="3C7F4644DBCA94F84197C04B7F1F24AE" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5052.3.1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="D165AE255C39EA1585B6184E8DA6074D" type="GBIF-Dataset">7903d074-a590-48ba-b7e6-b515a0f1c65d</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="790BB48227EB338591CB4848D4734FB8" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="4098E3233BEB61E0702A3652EF571C38" type="Zenodo-Dep">5572077</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="508368070AA24E553AD6C768B5A547BD" type="ZooBank">1EB14EF1-E205-4E37-85F9-DFD97BE93058</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="AD1B87ADFFEDCC6CFF2502E9FEC2FEBA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5578558" ID-GBIF-Taxon="189004431" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5578558" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AD1B87ADFFEDCC6CFF2502E9FEC2FEBA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AD1B87ADFFEDCC6CFF2502E9FEC2FEBA" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="317" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">
|
||
<subSubSection id="6DA86530FFEDCC72FF2502E9FD2AFF4A" box="[151,676,151,178]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="250D36BBFFEDCC72FF2502E9FD2AFF4A" blockId="14.[151,676,151,214]" box="[151,676,151,178]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">
|
||
<heading id="7E4581D7FFEDCC72FF2502E9FD2AFF4A" bold="true" box="[151,676,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="17C6EAA9FFEDCC72FF2502E9FD2AFF4A" bold="true" box="[151,676,151,178]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">
|
||
?
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2B24D38FFEDCC72FF1402E9FD2AFF4A" authority="(Michelotti, 1847)" baseAuthorityName="Michelotti" baseAuthorityYear="1847" box="[166,676,151,178]" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Endoxocrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="gastaldii">
|
||
<emphasis id="17C6EAA9FFEDCC72FF1402E9FE31FF49" bold="true" box="[166,447,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">Endoxocrinus gastaldii</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41234B4AFFEDCC72FE7C02E9FD12FF4A" author="Michelotti, J." box="[462,668,151,177]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" pagination="1 - 408" refId="ref19654" refString="Michelotti, J. (1847) Precis de la faune miocene de la Haute Italie. Natuurkundige Verhanddelingen van de Hollandshe Maatschappij der Wetenschapen te Haarlem, 3, 1 - 408." type="journal article" year="1847">Michelotti, 1847</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6DA86530FFEDCC72FF2502C5FF77FE4B" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="250D36BBFFEDCC72FF2502C5FDB8FF2E" blockId="14.[151,676,151,214]" box="[151,566,187,214]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">
|
||
<figureCitation id="BD892A3EFFEDCC72FF2502C5FF6AFF2E" box="[151,228,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,809,833]" captionTargetBox="[171,1414,316,777]" captionTargetId="figure-83@8.[164,1421,309,786]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Variation in the general shape and size of isocrinid columnals from Picabrier (Caumont-sur-Durance). D: diameter, H: height, IN: internodal, Nd: nodal. Morphotype A is attributed to?Endoxocrinus gastaldii and morphotype B to Metacrinus berthei (see text). Values in mm, except ratios and number of columnals (Nd and IN)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5572083" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5572083/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="BD892A3EFFEDCC72FF4302C5FF71FF2D" box="[241,255,187,214]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1245,1269]" captionTargetBox="[194,1389,637,1215]" captionTargetId="figure-238@10.[193,1394,633,1221]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Variation in the general shape and size of isocrinid columnals of the two main isocrinid species from the different sites in the Rhône-Provence Bay. Entr.: Entrechaux, IN: internodals, N: nodals. The envelopes of points corresponding to the sites Picabrier and Avignon (Palais des Papes) are only figured (see Figs. 3 and 4), except for E. gastaldii from Avignon. Values in mm, except for ratios H/D." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5572089" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5572089/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">5</figureCitation>
|
||
(morphotype A), 7,
|
||
<tableCitation id="68300300FFEDCC72FE5602C5FDB8FF2E" box="[484,566,187,213]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,239,151,175]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="TABLE 4. Variation of main quantitative columnal characters in morphotype A from Picabrier. Morphotype A is attributed to?Endoxocrinus gastaldii (see Systematic revision). Values in mm, except for ratios, (*): mode." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/71CD6633FFEACC75FF2502E9FB2FFF28" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" tableUuid="71CD6633FFEACC75FF2502E9FB2FFF28">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="250D36BBFFEDCC72FF250281FF77FE4B" blockId="14.[151,1437,255,432]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">
|
||
<emphasis id="17C6EAA9FFEDCC72FF250281FE80FEEC" bold="true" box="[151,270,255,279]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" reason="1">Synonymy.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2B24D38FFEDCC72FEA6037EFD4DFEEC" authority="Michelotti, 1847: 59" authorityName="Michelotti" authorityPageNumber="59" authorityYear="1847" box="[276,707,255,280]" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Pentacrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="gastaldii">
|
||
<emphasis id="17C6EAA9FFEDCC72FEA6037EFE63FEE3" box="[276,493,256,280]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">Pentacrinus gastaldii</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41234B4AFFEDCC72FE40037EFD4DFEEC" author="Michelotti, J." box="[498,707,255,280]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" pagination="1 - 408" refId="ref19654" refString="Michelotti, J. (1847) Precis de la faune miocene de la Haute Italie. Natuurkundige Verhanddelingen van de Hollandshe Maatschappij der Wetenschapen te Haarlem, 3, 1 - 408." type="journal article" year="1847">Michelotti, 1847: 59</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, pl. 16, fig. 2;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2B24D38FFEDCC72FCE0037EFA96FEE3" authority="Locard, 1877: 207 - 209" authorityName="Locard" authorityPageNumber="207 - 209" authorityYear="1877" box="[850,1304,256,280]" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Pentacrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="gastaldi">
|
||
<emphasis id="17C6EAA9FFEDCC72FCE0037EFBAAFEE3" box="[850,1060,256,280]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">Pentacrinus gastaldi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41234B4AFFEDCC72FB98037EFA96FEE3" author="Locard, A." box="[1066,1304,256,280]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" refId="ref19206" refString="Locard, A. (1877) Description de la faune des terrains tertiaires moyens de la Corse. Savy, Paris, 360 pp." type="book" year="1877">Locard, 1877: 207–209</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2B24D38FFEDCC72FA90037EFDCAFECD" authority="de Loriol, 1897: 127 - 129" authorityName="de Loriol" authorityPageNumber="127 - 129" authorityYear="1897" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Pentacrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="miocenicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="17C6EAA9FFEDCC72FA90037EFEB7FECD" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">Pentacrinus miocenicus</emphasis>
|
||
de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41234B4AFFEDCC72FEEF0360FDCAFECD" author="Loriol, P. de" box="[349,580,286,310]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" pagination="115 - 129" refId="ref19232" refString="Loriol, P. de (1897) Description de quelques Echinodermes. Appendice la note de M. E. Pellat sur le Burdigalien superieur. Bulletin de la Societe geologique de France, Series 3, 25, 115 - 129." type="journal article" year="1897">Loriol, 1897: 127–129</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, figs. 17–18;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2B24D38FFEDCC72FD7E0361FBF6FECD" authority="Manzoni, 1878: 1 - 2" authorityName="Manzoni" authorityPageNumber="1 - 2" authorityYear="1878" box="[716,1144,286,310]" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Pentacrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="gastaldii">
|
||
<emphasis id="17C6EAA9FFEDCC72FD7E0361FC2BFECD" box="[716,933,286,310]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">Pentacrinus gastaldii</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41234B4AFFEDCC72FC190360FBF6FECD" author="Manzoni, A." box="[939,1144,286,310]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" pagination="1 - 6" refId="ref19343" refString="Manzoni, A. (1878) Considerazioni geologishe a proposito del Pentacrinus gastaldi della molassa di Montese. Annuario della Societa dei naturalisti in Modena, 12, 1 - 6." type="journal article" year="1878">Manzoni, 1878: 1–2</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, fig. 1;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41234B4AFFEDCC72FB790360FA17FECD" author="Noelli, A." box="[1227,1433,286,310]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" pagination="19 - 50" refId="ref19842" refString="Noelli, A. (1900) Contribuzione allo studio dei Crinoidi terziari del Piemonte. Atti della Societa italiana di Scienze naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia naturale, Milano, 39 (1), 19 - 50." type="journal article" year="1900">Noelli, 1900: 24–28</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, figs. 1–32 pars;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41234B4AFFEDCC72FED80343FDC1FEAE" author="Albus, L." box="[362,591,317,341]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" pagination="279 - 296" refId="ref16780" refString="Albus, L. (1931) Nuove ricerche sui crinoidi miocenici della collina di Torino. Bollettino della Societa geologica italiana, 49, 279 - 296." type="journal article" year="1931">Albus, 1931: 283–285</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pl. 10 (fig. 7);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2B24D38FFEDCC72FD5C0340FB4AFEAE" authority="Sieverts-Doreck, 1933: 165" authorityName="Sieverts-Doreck" authorityPageNumber="165" authorityYear="1933" box="[750,1220,317,341]" class="Crinoidea" family="Isocrinidae" genus="Isocrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="gastaldii">
|
||
<emphasis id="17C6EAA9FFEDCC72FD5C0340FC22FEAE" box="[750,940,317,341]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">Isocrinus gastaldii</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41234B4AFFEDCC72FC010343FB4AFEAE" author="Sieverts-Doreck, H." box="[947,1220,317,341]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" pagination="145 - 168" refId="ref21024" refString="Sieverts-Doreck, H. (1933) Jungtertiare Crinoiden von Seran and Borneo. Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Geologie, Palaontologie, 69 B, 145 - 168." type="journal article" year="1933">Sieverts-Doreck, 1933:165</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; Biese and Sieverts- Doreck, 1939: 37–38;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41234B4AFFEDCC72FE1E0322FD12FE8F" author="Sandor, M." box="[428,668,348,372]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" pagination="171 - 174" refId="ref20989" refString="Sandor, M. (1983) Lower Badenian Crinoidea-find from the Borzsony Mountains, northern Hungary. Bulletin of the Hungarian Geological Society, 113, 171 - 174. [in Hungarian]" type="journal article" year="1983">Sandor, 1983: 171–173</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, figs. 1–3;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2B24D38FFEDCC72FCBC0322FAF6FE8F" authority="Roux and Montenat, 1977: 408 - 409" authorityName="Roux and Montenat" authorityPageNumber="408 - 409" authorityYear="1977" box="[782,1400,348,372]" class="Crinoidea" family="Isocrinidae" genus="Neocrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="gastaldii">
|
||
<emphasis id="17C6EAA9FFEDCC72FCBC0322FCF8FE88" box="[782,886,348,371]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">Neocrinus</emphasis>
|
||
aff.
|
||
<emphasis id="17C6EAA9FFEDCC72FC170322FC70FE8F" box="[933,1022,348,372]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">gastaldii</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41234B4AFFEDCC72FBB70322FAF6FE8F" author="Roux, M. & Montenat, C." box="[1029,1400,348,372]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" pagination="405 - 416" refId="ref20864" refString="Roux, M. & Montenat, C. (1977) Sites Crinoides pedoncules et bathymetrie des bassins messiniens dans les Cordillieres betiques orientales (Espagne meridionale). Bulletin de la Societe geologique de France, Series 7, 19, 405 - 416. https: // doi. org / 10.2113 / gssgfbull. S 7 - XIX. 2.405" type="journal article" year="1977">Roux and Montenat, 1977: 408–409</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, pl. 16 (figs. 1–2);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2B24D38FFEDCC72FEED0305FC9DFE69" authority="Klikushin, 1982: 305" authorityName="Klikushin" authorityPageNumber="305" authorityYear="1982" box="[351,787,378,402]" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Metacrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="gastaldii">
|
||
<emphasis id="17C6EAA9FFEDCC72FEED0305FDBCFE69" box="[351,562,378,402]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">Metacrinus gastaldii</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41234B4AFFEDCC72FD8B0304FC9DFE69" author="Klikushin, V. G." box="[569,787,378,402]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" pagination="299 - 325" refId="ref19043" refString="Klikushin, V. G. (1982) Taxonomic survey of fossil isocrinids with a list of the species found in the USSR. Geobios, 15 (3), 299 - 325. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / S 0016 - 6995 (82) 80083 - 1" type="journal article" year="1982">Klikushin, 1982: 305</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41234B4AFFEDCC72FCAC0304FC0AFE69" author="Klikushin, V. G." box="[798,900,378,402]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" refId="ref19098" refString="Klikushin, V. G. (1992) Fossil pentacrinid crinoids and their occurrence in the USSR. Leningrad Paleontological Laboratory, Leningrad, 358 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1992">1992: 128</bibRefCitation>
|
||
pars;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2B24D38FFEDCC72FC710305FAC1FE69" authority="Manni, 2015: 59" authorityName="Manni" authorityPageNumber="59" authorityYear="2015" box="[963,1359,378,402]" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Pentacrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="gastaldii">
|
||
<emphasis id="17C6EAA9FFEDCC72FC710305FB13FE69" box="[963,1181,378,402]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">Pentacrinus gastaldii</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41234B4AFFEDCC72FB160304FAC1FE69" author="Manni, R." box="[1188,1359,378,402]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" pagination="51 - 62" refId="ref19306" refString="Manni, R. (2015) Catalogue of the fossils stored in the Paleontological Museum of " Sapienza University of Rome: 3. Journal of Mediterranean Earth Science, 7, 51 - 62." type="journal article" year="2015">Manni, 2015: 59</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, fig. 22 pars.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6DA86530FFEDCC72FF2503A1FDE9FC7E" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="250D36BBFFEDCC72FF2503A1FA0BFDE5" blockId="14.[151,1437,479,2018]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">
|
||
<emphasis id="17C6EAA9FFEDCC72FF2503A1FE0EFE02" bold="true" box="[151,384,479,505]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
Avignon (2 Plc including 1 infraN, 3 isolated IN), Picabrier (14 Plc, 36 isolated IN, 17 isolated N), Entrechaux Ferme Pie (1 Plc + 1 IN), Entrechaux Pont Saint-Michel (1 IN), Notre-Dame du Château (3 Plc).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="250D36BBFFEDCC72FF750059FDE9FC7E" blockId="14.[151,1437,479,2018]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">
|
||
<emphasis id="17C6EAA9FFEDCC72FF750059FE3AFDBA" bold="true" box="[199,436,551,577]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">Emended diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Large species with a columnal diameter that can exceed
|
||
<quantity id="E24A9B5EFFEDCC72FB970059FBE9FDB9" box="[1061,1127,551,578]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
|
||
, columnals usually strongly star-shaped, tending to be more pentagonal in certain distal nodotaxes; maximum number of successive internodals observed 11; symplexies with open petaloid zones even in large distal nodotaxes, ligamentary areas fusiform and narrow, always at least four times longer than wide, number of crenulae per petaloid zone usually greater than 16 (mode 18), up to 21, median crenulae longer than the others and may form chevrons with those of adjacent petaloid zones in distal columnals, no furrow separating the petaloid zones except in the most proximal columnals; nodal with cirral insertions substantially wider than high and always intersecting the distal facet border, sometimes also proximal one, cryptosymplexies with more marked symmorphy in the interpetaloid zones, presence of fine interpetaloid grooves and marginal crenulations of variable extension; lateral faces of columnals smooth and convex, without ornamentation. Crown unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6DA86530FFEDCC72FF7501F1FCEDFA3E" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="250D36BBFFEDCC72FF7501F1FCEDFA3E" blockId="14.[151,1437,479,2018]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">
|
||
<emphasis id="17C6EAA9FFEDCC72FF7501F1FED7FC52" bold="true" box="[199,345,911,937]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Columnals markedly star-shaped, side faces convex; symplexies of open ZP with the areola usually narrow up to 7 times longer than wide, Cr/PZ usually from 17 to 19 and reaching
|
||
<quantity id="E24A9B5EFFEDCC72FBA801CDFBDCFC36" box="[1050,1106,947,973]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.334" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" unit="in" value="21.0">21 in</quantity>
|
||
largest Co, inner crenularium poorly differentiated or flat. Proximal Co highly starred (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BD892A3EFFEDCC72FC9701A9FC4BFC09" box="[805,965,983,1010]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1795,1819]" captionTargetBox="[172,1416,181,1772]" captionTargetId="figure-17@15.[172,1416,181,1772]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Columnals and pluricolumùnals of?Endoxocrinus gastaldii. A–B: from Notre-Dame du Château, A: proximal pluricolumnal (cotype of Pentacrinus miocenicus de Loriol, 1897, fig. 18) (MASRP 2020.5012), B: more distal subpentagonal pluricolumnal (MASRP 2020.5022); C–D: from Palais des Papes in Avignon (MHNL 20.062709), C: distal pluricolumnal, D: nodal from proximalmost stalk, proximal symplexial facet; E–J: from Picabrier (MHNL 20.062711), E: internodal from proximal middle stalk, F: internodal from distal middle stalk, G–H: nodal from a young individual, G: oblique proximal view, H: side view showing cirrus sockets, I–J: nodals from large specimens, I: oblique distal view showing the cryptosymplexial facet, J: oblique proximal view showing a cirrus socket. Scale bar equals 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5572095" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5572095/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">Fig. 7A, D–E</figureCitation>
|
||
), symplexy with regularly arranged short Cr leaving free most of IPZ (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BD892A3EFFEDCC72FE410185FDFCFBED" box="[499,626,1019,1046]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1795,1819]" captionTargetBox="[172,1416,181,1772]" captionTargetId="figure-17@15.[172,1416,181,1772]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Columnals and pluricolumùnals of?Endoxocrinus gastaldii. A–B: from Notre-Dame du Château, A: proximal pluricolumnal (cotype of Pentacrinus miocenicus de Loriol, 1897, fig. 18) (MASRP 2020.5012), B: more distal subpentagonal pluricolumnal (MASRP 2020.5022); C–D: from Palais des Papes in Avignon (MHNL 20.062709), C: distal pluricolumnal, D: nodal from proximalmost stalk, proximal symplexial facet; E–J: from Picabrier (MHNL 20.062711), E: internodal from proximal middle stalk, F: internodal from distal middle stalk, G–H: nodal from a young individual, G: oblique proximal view, H: side view showing cirrus sockets, I–J: nodals from large specimens, I: oblique distal view showing the cryptosymplexial facet, J: oblique proximal view showing a cirrus socket. Scale bar equals 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5572095" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5572095/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">Fig. 7D–E</figureCitation>
|
||
). More distal Co less starry (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BD892A3EFFEDCC72FC790185FBABFBED" box="[971,1061,1019,1046]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1795,1819]" captionTargetBox="[172,1416,181,1772]" captionTargetId="figure-17@15.[172,1416,181,1772]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Columnals and pluricolumùnals of?Endoxocrinus gastaldii. A–B: from Notre-Dame du Château, A: proximal pluricolumnal (cotype of Pentacrinus miocenicus de Loriol, 1897, fig. 18) (MASRP 2020.5012), B: more distal subpentagonal pluricolumnal (MASRP 2020.5022); C–D: from Palais des Papes in Avignon (MHNL 20.062709), C: distal pluricolumnal, D: nodal from proximalmost stalk, proximal symplexial facet; E–J: from Picabrier (MHNL 20.062711), E: internodal from proximal middle stalk, F: internodal from distal middle stalk, G–H: nodal from a young individual, G: oblique proximal view, H: side view showing cirrus sockets, I–J: nodals from large specimens, I: oblique distal view showing the cryptosymplexial facet, J: oblique proximal view showing a cirrus socket. Scale bar equals 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5572095" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5572095/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
|
||
) rarely subpentagonal (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BD892A3EFFEDCC72FA880185FA1AFBEE" box="[1338,1428,1019,1045]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1795,1819]" captionTargetBox="[172,1416,181,1772]" captionTargetId="figure-17@15.[172,1416,181,1772]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Columnals and pluricolumùnals of?Endoxocrinus gastaldii. A–B: from Notre-Dame du Château, A: proximal pluricolumnal (cotype of Pentacrinus miocenicus de Loriol, 1897, fig. 18) (MASRP 2020.5012), B: more distal subpentagonal pluricolumnal (MASRP 2020.5022); C–D: from Palais des Papes in Avignon (MHNL 20.062709), C: distal pluricolumnal, D: nodal from proximalmost stalk, proximal symplexial facet; E–J: from Picabrier (MHNL 20.062711), E: internodal from proximal middle stalk, F: internodal from distal middle stalk, G–H: nodal from a young individual, G: oblique proximal view, H: side view showing cirrus sockets, I–J: nodals from large specimens, I: oblique distal view showing the cryptosymplexial facet, J: oblique proximal view showing a cirrus socket. Scale bar equals 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5572095" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5572095/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">Fig. 7C</figureCitation>
|
||
) with Cr of median crenularium entirely covering IPZ and forming chevrons (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BD892A3EFFEDCC72FBBA0661FB0CFBC1" box="[1032,1154,1055,1082]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1795,1819]" captionTargetBox="[172,1416,181,1772]" captionTargetId="figure-17@15.[172,1416,181,1772]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Columnals and pluricolumùnals of?Endoxocrinus gastaldii. A–B: from Notre-Dame du Château, A: proximal pluricolumnal (cotype of Pentacrinus miocenicus de Loriol, 1897, fig. 18) (MASRP 2020.5012), B: more distal subpentagonal pluricolumnal (MASRP 2020.5022); C–D: from Palais des Papes in Avignon (MHNL 20.062709), C: distal pluricolumnal, D: nodal from proximalmost stalk, proximal symplexial facet; E–J: from Picabrier (MHNL 20.062711), E: internodal from proximal middle stalk, F: internodal from distal middle stalk, G–H: nodal from a young individual, G: oblique proximal view, H: side view showing cirrus sockets, I–J: nodals from large specimens, I: oblique distal view showing the cryptosymplexial facet, J: oblique proximal view showing a cirrus socket. Scale bar equals 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5572095" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5572095/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">Fig. 7B, F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ndx with Co of highly variable thickness even distally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BD892A3EFFEDCC72FDB8063DFDEDFBA6" box="[522,611,1091,1117]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1795,1819]" captionTargetBox="[172,1416,181,1772]" captionTargetId="figure-17@15.[172,1416,181,1772]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Columnals and pluricolumùnals of?Endoxocrinus gastaldii. A–B: from Notre-Dame du Château, A: proximal pluricolumnal (cotype of Pentacrinus miocenicus de Loriol, 1897, fig. 18) (MASRP 2020.5012), B: more distal subpentagonal pluricolumnal (MASRP 2020.5022); C–D: from Palais des Papes in Avignon (MHNL 20.062709), C: distal pluricolumnal, D: nodal from proximalmost stalk, proximal symplexial facet; E–J: from Picabrier (MHNL 20.062711), E: internodal from proximal middle stalk, F: internodal from distal middle stalk, G–H: nodal from a young individual, G: oblique proximal view, H: side view showing cirrus sockets, I–J: nodals from large specimens, I: oblique distal view showing the cryptosymplexial facet, J: oblique proximal view showing a cirrus socket. Scale bar equals 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5572095" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5572095/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">Fig. 7C</figureCitation>
|
||
); N markedly thicker than IN, especially in young individuals (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BD892A3EFFEDCC72FA86063DFA01FBA6" box="[1332,1423,1091,1117]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1795,1819]" captionTargetBox="[172,1416,181,1772]" captionTargetId="figure-17@15.[172,1416,181,1772]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Columnals and pluricolumùnals of?Endoxocrinus gastaldii. A–B: from Notre-Dame du Château, A: proximal pluricolumnal (cotype of Pentacrinus miocenicus de Loriol, 1897, fig. 18) (MASRP 2020.5012), B: more distal subpentagonal pluricolumnal (MASRP 2020.5022); C–D: from Palais des Papes in Avignon (MHNL 20.062709), C: distal pluricolumnal, D: nodal from proximalmost stalk, proximal symplexial facet; E–J: from Picabrier (MHNL 20.062711), E: internodal from proximal middle stalk, F: internodal from distal middle stalk, G–H: nodal from a young individual, G: oblique proximal view, H: side view showing cirrus sockets, I–J: nodals from large specimens, I: oblique distal view showing the cryptosymplexial facet, J: oblique proximal view showing a cirrus socket. Scale bar equals 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5572095" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5572095/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">Fig. 7G</figureCitation>
|
||
), this difference decreasing with growth (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BD892A3EFFEDCC72FDE40619FD17FB79" box="[598,665,1127,1154]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1245,1269]" captionTargetBox="[194,1389,637,1215]" captionTargetId="figure-238@10.[193,1394,633,1221]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Variation in the general shape and size of isocrinid columnals of the two main isocrinid species from the different sites in the Rhône-Provence Bay. Entr.: Entrechaux, IN: internodals, N: nodals. The envelopes of points corresponding to the sites Picabrier and Avignon (Palais des Papes) are only figured (see Figs. 3 and 4), except for E. gastaldii from Avignon. Values in mm, except for ratios H/D." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5572089" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5572089/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
right), distal facet (cryptosymplexy) more or less regularly concave, about 8 small marginal cr per IPZ (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BD892A3EFFEDCC72FDAD06F5FDFDFB5D" box="[543,627,1163,1190]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1795,1819]" captionTargetBox="[172,1416,181,1772]" captionTargetId="figure-17@15.[172,1416,181,1772]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Columnals and pluricolumùnals of?Endoxocrinus gastaldii. A–B: from Notre-Dame du Château, A: proximal pluricolumnal (cotype of Pentacrinus miocenicus de Loriol, 1897, fig. 18) (MASRP 2020.5012), B: more distal subpentagonal pluricolumnal (MASRP 2020.5022); C–D: from Palais des Papes in Avignon (MHNL 20.062709), C: distal pluricolumnal, D: nodal from proximalmost stalk, proximal symplexial facet; E–J: from Picabrier (MHNL 20.062711), E: internodal from proximal middle stalk, F: internodal from distal middle stalk, G–H: nodal from a young individual, G: oblique proximal view, H: side view showing cirrus sockets, I–J: nodals from large specimens, I: oblique distal view showing the cryptosymplexial facet, J: oblique proximal view showing a cirrus socket. Scale bar equals 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5572095" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5572095/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">Fig. 7 I</figureCitation>
|
||
); cirrus socket well-developed at least twice as wide as high and usually intersecting distal facet border (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BD892A3EFFEDCC72FE4906D1FDE0FB31" box="[507,622,1199,1226]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1795,1819]" captionTargetBox="[172,1416,181,1772]" captionTargetId="figure-17@15.[172,1416,181,1772]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Columnals and pluricolumùnals of?Endoxocrinus gastaldii. A–B: from Notre-Dame du Château, A: proximal pluricolumnal (cotype of Pentacrinus miocenicus de Loriol, 1897, fig. 18) (MASRP 2020.5012), B: more distal subpentagonal pluricolumnal (MASRP 2020.5022); C–D: from Palais des Papes in Avignon (MHNL 20.062709), C: distal pluricolumnal, D: nodal from proximalmost stalk, proximal symplexial facet; E–J: from Picabrier (MHNL 20.062711), E: internodal from proximal middle stalk, F: internodal from distal middle stalk, G–H: nodal from a young individual, G: oblique proximal view, H: side view showing cirrus sockets, I–J: nodals from large specimens, I: oblique distal view showing the cryptosymplexial facet, J: oblique proximal view showing a cirrus socket. Scale bar equals 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5572095" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5572095/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">Fig. 7H–I</figureCitation>
|
||
), sometimes also on the proximal one (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BD892A3EFFEDCC72FB9706D1FBF8FB31" box="[1061,1142,1199,1226]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1795,1819]" captionTargetBox="[172,1416,181,1772]" captionTargetId="figure-17@15.[172,1416,181,1772]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Columnals and pluricolumùnals of?Endoxocrinus gastaldii. A–B: from Notre-Dame du Château, A: proximal pluricolumnal (cotype of Pentacrinus miocenicus de Loriol, 1897, fig. 18) (MASRP 2020.5012), B: more distal subpentagonal pluricolumnal (MASRP 2020.5022); C–D: from Palais des Papes in Avignon (MHNL 20.062709), C: distal pluricolumnal, D: nodal from proximalmost stalk, proximal symplexial facet; E–J: from Picabrier (MHNL 20.062711), E: internodal from proximal middle stalk, F: internodal from distal middle stalk, G–H: nodal from a young individual, G: oblique proximal view, H: side view showing cirrus sockets, I–J: nodals from large specimens, I: oblique distal view showing the cryptosymplexial facet, J: oblique proximal view showing a cirrus socket. Scale bar equals 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5572095" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5572095/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">Fig. 7J</figureCitation>
|
||
), low fulcral ridge limited by two triangular culminae often moderately developed. At Picabrier (see
|
||
<tableCitation id="68300300FFEDCC72FC4F06ADFBDAFB16" box="[1021,1108,1235,1261]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,239,151,175]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="TABLE 4. Variation of main quantitative columnal characters in morphotype A from Picabrier. Morphotype A is attributed to?Endoxocrinus gastaldii (see Systematic revision). Values in mm, except for ratios, (*): mode." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/71CD6633FFEACC75FF2502E9FB2FFF28" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" tableUuid="71CD6633FFEACC75FF2502E9FB2FFF28">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
for quantitative characters): symplexies with 18 to 20 Cr/PZ (60%), 14 or 15 for smallest Co; distal nodal facets and symplexial ligament areas often excessively concave because of pyrite oxidation corrosion; cryptosymplexies rarely well preserved, IPZ usually in relief with a more or less marked axial groove, stalk canal inconspicuous probably obstructed by a dense secondary stereom (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BD892A3EFFEDCC72FEC8071DFE44FA85" box="[378,458,1379,1406]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1795,1819]" captionTargetBox="[172,1416,181,1772]" captionTargetId="figure-17@15.[172,1416,181,1772]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Columnals and pluricolumùnals of?Endoxocrinus gastaldii. A–B: from Notre-Dame du Château, A: proximal pluricolumnal (cotype of Pentacrinus miocenicus de Loriol, 1897, fig. 18) (MASRP 2020.5012), B: more distal subpentagonal pluricolumnal (MASRP 2020.5022); C–D: from Palais des Papes in Avignon (MHNL 20.062709), C: distal pluricolumnal, D: nodal from proximalmost stalk, proximal symplexial facet; E–J: from Picabrier (MHNL 20.062711), E: internodal from proximal middle stalk, F: internodal from distal middle stalk, G–H: nodal from a young individual, G: oblique proximal view, H: side view showing cirrus sockets, I–J: nodals from large specimens, I: oblique distal view showing the cryptosymplexial facet, J: oblique proximal view showing a cirrus socket. Scale bar equals 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5572095" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5572095/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">Fig. 7I</figureCitation>
|
||
). In other sites, only a small number of specimens, but often with Plc less fragmented (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BD892A3EFFEDCC72FF1207F9FE96FA5A" box="[160,280,1415,1441]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1795,1819]" captionTargetBox="[172,1416,181,1772]" captionTargetId="figure-17@15.[172,1416,181,1772]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Columnals and pluricolumùnals of?Endoxocrinus gastaldii. A–B: from Notre-Dame du Château, A: proximal pluricolumnal (cotype of Pentacrinus miocenicus de Loriol, 1897, fig. 18) (MASRP 2020.5012), B: more distal subpentagonal pluricolumnal (MASRP 2020.5022); C–D: from Palais des Papes in Avignon (MHNL 20.062709), C: distal pluricolumnal, D: nodal from proximalmost stalk, proximal symplexial facet; E–J: from Picabrier (MHNL 20.062711), E: internodal from proximal middle stalk, F: internodal from distal middle stalk, G–H: nodal from a young individual, G: oblique proximal view, H: side view showing cirrus sockets, I–J: nodals from large specimens, I: oblique distal view showing the cryptosymplexial facet, J: oblique proximal view showing a cirrus socket. Scale bar equals 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5572095" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5572095/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">Fig. 7A–C</figureCitation>
|
||
) than in Picabrier. One of them, from Notre-Dame du Château (de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41234B4AFFEDCC72FBB007F9FB04FA5A" author="Loriol, P. de" box="[1026,1162,1415,1441]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" pagination="115 - 129" refId="ref19232" refString="Loriol, P. de (1897) Description de quelques Echinodermes. Appendice la note de M. E. Pellat sur le Burdigalien superieur. Bulletin de la Societe geologique de France, Series 3, 25, 115 - 129." type="journal article" year="1897">Loriol 1897</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Fig. 18) is composed of 10 IN without infraN indicating Ndx of at least 11 IN (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BD892A3EFFEDCC72FD4E07D5FCD8FA3E" box="[764,854,1451,1477]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1795,1819]" captionTargetBox="[172,1416,181,1772]" captionTargetId="figure-17@15.[172,1416,181,1772]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Columnals and pluricolumùnals of?Endoxocrinus gastaldii. A–B: from Notre-Dame du Château, A: proximal pluricolumnal (cotype of Pentacrinus miocenicus de Loriol, 1897, fig. 18) (MASRP 2020.5012), B: more distal subpentagonal pluricolumnal (MASRP 2020.5022); C–D: from Palais des Papes in Avignon (MHNL 20.062709), C: distal pluricolumnal, D: nodal from proximalmost stalk, proximal symplexial facet; E–J: from Picabrier (MHNL 20.062711), E: internodal from proximal middle stalk, F: internodal from distal middle stalk, G–H: nodal from a young individual, G: oblique proximal view, H: side view showing cirrus sockets, I–J: nodals from large specimens, I: oblique distal view showing the cryptosymplexial facet, J: oblique proximal view showing a cirrus socket. Scale bar equals 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5572095" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5572095/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">Fig. 7A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6DA86530FFEDCC6CFF7507B1FEC2FEBA" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="317" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="250D36BBFFEDCC72FF7507B1FF75F8F2" blockId="14.[151,1437,479,2018]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">
|
||
<emphasis id="17C6EAA9FFEDCC72FF7507B1FEB5FA12" bold="true" box="[199,315,1487,1513]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41234B4AFFEDCC72FEF607B1FD8BFA11" author="Manni, R." box="[324,517,1487,1514]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" pagination="51 - 62" refId="ref19306" refString="Manni, R. (2015) Catalogue of the fossils stored in the Paleontological Museum of " Sapienza University of Rome: 3. Journal of Mediterranean Earth Science, 7, 51 - 62." type="journal article" year="2015">Manni (2015: 59</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 22) considered the single specimen (Plc of 3 IN) from the Middle Miocene near Turin used by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41234B4AFFEDCC72FEC4078DFDB0F9F6" author="Michelotti, J." box="[374,574,1523,1549]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" pagination="1 - 408" refId="ref19654" refString="Michelotti, J. (1847) Precis de la faune miocene de la Haute Italie. Natuurkundige Verhanddelingen van de Hollandshe Maatschappij der Wetenschapen te Haarlem, 3, 1 - 408." type="journal article" year="1847">Michelotti (1847)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
to describe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2B24D38FFEDCC72FD79078AFC33F9F6" authorityName="Manni" authorityYear="2015" box="[715,957,1523,1549]" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Pentacrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="gastaldii">
|
||
<emphasis id="17C6EAA9FFEDCC72FD79078AFC33F9F6" box="[715,957,1523,1549]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">Pentacrinus gastaldii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as lost. He proposed that four internodals belonging to the Michelotti’s collection (Paleontological Museum of “Sapienza” in University of Rome) constitute the
|
||
<typeStatus id="FA098819FFEDCC72FF710442FF7DF9AD" box="[195,243,1596,1622]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series. Three of these internodals are star-shaped and correspond well to the original figure. The fourth rounded pentagonal with wide and closed petaloid zone is different. The type-series must be reduced to three columnals which could have the value of neo-syntypes if accompanied by a precise description. The best preserved specimen of?
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2B24D38FFEDCC72FE8104D6FE3AF93A" authorityName="Manni" authorityYear="2015" box="[307,436,1703,1729]" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Pentacrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="gastaldii">
|
||
<emphasis id="17C6EAA9FFEDCC72FE8104D6FE3AF93A" box="[307,436,1703,1729]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">E. gastaldii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a markedly star-shaped stalk,
|
||
<quantity id="E24A9B5EFFEDCC72FC9004D9FCF1F939" box="[802,895,1703,1730]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" unit="mm" value="150.0">150 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, with the basal circlet at proximal end, that was described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41234B4AFFEDCC72FEEE04B5FD9BF91E" author="Manzoni, A." box="[348,533,1739,1765]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" pagination="1 - 6" refId="ref19343" refString="Manzoni, A. (1878) Considerazioni geologishe a proposito del Pentacrinus gastaldi della molassa di Montese. Annuario della Societa dei naturalisti in Modena, 12, 1 - 6." type="journal article" year="1878">Manzoni (1878)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. This remarkable specimen comes from Montese molasse (Middle Miocene) near Modena.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="250D36BBFFEDCC6CFF75056DFC0DFF2E" blockId="14.[151,1437,479,2018]" lastBlockId="16.[151,1437,151,321]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="317" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">
|
||
Among the
|
||
<specimenCount id="33B4FD32FFEDCC72FEF8056DFE6FF8D5" box="[330,481,1811,1838]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" type="generic" typeStatus="syntypes">four syntypes</specimenCount>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2B24D38FFEDCC72FDB7056AFC9EF8D6" authorityName="de Loriol" authorityYear="1897" box="[517,784,1812,1837]" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Pentacrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="miocenicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="17C6EAA9FFEDCC72FDB7056AFC9EF8D6" box="[517,784,1812,1837]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">Pentacrinus miocenicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Notre-Dame du Château, two belong to?
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2B24D38FFEDCC72FAAE056AFA12F8D6" authorityName="Manni" authorityYear="2015" box="[1308,1436,1811,1837]" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Pentacrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="gastaldii">
|
||
<emphasis id="17C6EAA9FFEDCC72FAAE056AFA12F8D6" box="[1308,1436,1811,1837]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">E. gastaldii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41234B4AFFEDCC72FF2D0549FEA5F8AA" author="Loriol, P. de" box="[159,299,1847,1873]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" pagination="115 - 129" refId="ref19232" refString="Loriol, P. de (1897) Description de quelques Echinodermes. Appendice la note de M. E. Pellat sur le Burdigalien superieur. Bulletin de la Societe geologique de France, Series 3, 25, 115 - 129." type="journal article" year="1897">Loriol 1897</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, figs. 17 and 18).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41234B4AFFEDCC72FDB20549FD2DF8AA" author="Locard, A." box="[512,675,1847,1873]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" refId="ref19206" refString="Locard, A. (1877) Description de la faune des terrains tertiaires moyens de la Corse. Savy, Paris, 360 pp." type="book" year="1877">Locard (1877)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported one star-shaped pluricolumnal of?
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2B24D38FFEDCC72FB130546FAAAF8AA" authorityName="Manni" authorityYear="2015" box="[1185,1316,1847,1873]" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Pentacrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="gastaldii">
|
||
<emphasis id="17C6EAA9FFEDCC72FB130546FAAAF8AA" box="[1185,1316,1847,1873]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">E. gastaldii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, D
|
||
<quantity id="E24A9B5EFFEDCC72FAE00549FA16F8A9" box="[1362,1432,1847,1874]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
|
||
, from Bonifacio (South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5DA5762BFFEDCC72FE290525FE78F88D" box="[411,502,1883,1910]" name="France" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">Corsica</collectingCountry>
|
||
). This specimen, housed in the Péron’s collection (MNHN.S.11062), most probably comes from the Lower Langhian (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41234B4AFFEDCC72FD830501FC82F862" author="Andre, J. P. & Barthet, Y. & Ferrandini, M. & Ferrandini, J. & Reynaud, J. Y. & Tessier, B." box="[561,780,1919,1946]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" pagination="221 - 230" refId="ref17006" refString="Andre, J. P., Barthet, Y., Ferrandini, M., Ferrandini, J., Reynaud, J. Y. & Tessier, B. (2011) The Bonifacio formation (Miocene of Corsica): transition from a wave- to tide-dominated coastal system in mixed carbonate-siliciclastic setting. Bulletin de la Societe geologique de France, 182 (3), 221 - 230. https: // doi. org / 10.2113 / gssgfbull. 182.3.221" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
André
|
||
<emphasis id="17C6EAA9FFEDCC72FD3405FEFD32F862" box="[646,700,1919,1945]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41234B4AFFEDCC72FC960501FC4AF861" author="Cooke, J. H." box="[804,964,1919,1946]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" pagination="502 - 511" refId="ref18090" refString="Cooke, J. H. (1896) Notes on the Globigerina limestones of the Maltese Islands. Geological Magazine, 4 (3), 502 - 511. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0016756800131607" type="journal article" year="1896">Cooke (1896)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
identified?
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2B24D38FFEDCC72FBE705FEFB52F862" authorityName="Manni" authorityYear="2015" box="[1109,1244,1919,1945]" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Pentacrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="gastaldii">
|
||
<emphasis id="17C6EAA9FFEDCC72FBE705FEFB52F862" box="[1109,1244,1919,1945]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">E. gastaldii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the Miocene Globigerine marls of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5DA5762BFFEDCC72FE3705DDFE44F846" box="[389,458,1955,1981]" name="Malta" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">Malta</collectingCountry>
|
||
. We have examined several columnals from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5DA5762BFFEDCC72FC0505DDFC76F846" box="[951,1016,1955,1981]" name="Malta" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">Malta</collectingCountry>
|
||
(MNHN.F.B.33193) belonging to the d’Orbigny’s collection (no. 11215):
|
||
<emphasis id="17C6EAA9FFEDCC72FD9405B6FD3AF81A" box="[550,692,1991,2018]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">
|
||
?
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2B24D38FFEDCC72FD8005B6FD3AF81A" authorityName="Manni" authorityYear="2015" box="[562,692,1991,2018]" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Pentacrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="gastaldii">E. gastaldii</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is associated with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2B24D38FFEDCC72FC3005B6FC7BF81A" baseAuthorityName="Nicolas" baseAuthorityYear="1897" box="[898,1013,1991,2017]" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Metacrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="berthei">
|
||
<emphasis id="17C6EAA9FFEDCC72FC3005B6FC7BF81A" box="[898,1013,1991,2017]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">M. berthei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the two species having morphologies similar to those observed at Picabrier. Since de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41234B4AFFF3CC6CFD1402E9FCB3FF4A" author="Loriol, P. de" box="[678,829,151,177]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" pagination="115 - 129" refId="ref19232" refString="Loriol, P. de (1897) Description de quelques Echinodermes. Appendice la note de M. E. Pellat sur le Burdigalien superieur. Bulletin de la Societe geologique de France, Series 3, 25, 115 - 129." type="journal article" year="1897">Loriol (1897)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41234B4AFFF3CC6CFCC002E9FB85FF4A" author="Noelli, A." box="[882,1035,151,177]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" pagination="19 - 50" refId="ref19842" refString="Noelli, A. (1900) Contribuzione allo studio dei Crinoidi terziari del Piemonte. Atti della Societa italiana di Scienze naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia naturale, Milano, 39 (1), 19 - 50." type="journal article" year="1900">Noelli (1900)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, many authors (including
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41234B4AFFF3CC6CFA9C02E9FF5EFF2E" author="Klikushin, V. G." pageId="16" pageNumber="317" refId="ref19098" refString="Klikushin, V. G. (1992) Fossil pentacrinid crinoids and their occurrence in the USSR. Leningrad Paleontological Laboratory, Leningrad, 358 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1992">Klikushin 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) have confused the species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2B24D38FFF3CC6CFDBA02C5FDD9FF2E" baseAuthorityName="Nicolas" baseAuthorityYear="1897" box="[520,599,187,213]" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Metacrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="berthei">
|
||
<emphasis id="17C6EAA9FFF3CC6CFDBA02C5FDD9FF2E" box="[520,599,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">berthei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2B24D38FFF3CC6CFDD402C5FD46FF2E" authorityName="Manni" authorityYear="2015" box="[614,712,187,213]" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Pentacrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="gastaldii">
|
||
<emphasis id="17C6EAA9FFF3CC6CFDD402C5FD46FF2E" box="[614,712,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">gastaldii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2B24D38FFF3CC6CFD4C02C5FCF2FF2F" authorityName="de Loriol" authorityYear="1897" box="[766,892,187,212]" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Pentacrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="miocenicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="17C6EAA9FFF3CC6CFD4C02C5FCF2FF2F" box="[766,892,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">miocenicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="71CD6633FFECCC73FF25057DFC0CF808" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5572095" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5572095" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5572095/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="316" startId="15.[151,250,1795,1819]" targetBox="[172,1416,181,1772]" targetPageId="15">
|
||
<paragraph id="250D36BBFFECCC73FF25057DFC0CF808" blockId="15.[151,1437,1795,2036]" pageId="15" pageNumber="316">
|
||
<emphasis id="17C6EAA9FFECCC73FF25057DFE98F8E7" bold="true" box="[151,278,1795,1820]" pageId="15" pageNumber="316">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
|
||
Columnals and pluricolumùnals of?
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2B24D38FFECCC73FD29057AFC04F8E7" baseAuthorityName="Michelotti" baseAuthorityYear="1847" box="[667,906,1796,1820]" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Endoxocrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="15" pageNumber="316" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="gastaldii">
|
||
<emphasis id="17C6EAA9FFECCC73FD29057AFC04F8E7" box="[667,906,1796,1820]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="316">Endoxocrinus gastaldii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A–B: from Notre-Dame du Château, A: proximal pluricolumnal (cotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2B24D38FFECCC73FE280556FCBDF8BB" authority="de Loriol, 1897" authorityName="de Loriol" authorityYear="1897" box="[410,819,1832,1856]" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Pentacrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="15" pageNumber="316" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="miocenicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="17C6EAA9FFECCC73FE280556FD03F8C4" box="[410,653,1832,1855]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="316">Pentacrinus miocenicus</emphasis>
|
||
de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41234B4AFFECCC73FD000556FCBDF8BB" author="Loriol, P. de" box="[690,819,1832,1856]" pageId="15" pageNumber="316" pagination="115 - 129" refId="ref19232" refString="Loriol, P. de (1897) Description de quelques Echinodermes. Appendice la note de M. E. Pellat sur le Burdigalien superieur. Bulletin de la Societe geologique de France, Series 3, 25, 115 - 129." type="journal article" year="1897">Loriol, 1897</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, fig. 18) (MASRP 2020.5012), B: more distal subpentagonal pluricolumnal (MASRP 2020.5022); C–D: from Palais des Papes in Avignon (MHNL 20.062709), C: distal pluricolumnal, D: nodal from proximalmost stalk, proximal symplexial facet; E–J: from Picabrier (MHNL 20.062711), E: internodal from proximal middle stalk, F: internodal from distal middle stalk, G–H: nodal from a young individual, G: oblique proximal view, H: side view showing cirrus sockets, I–J: nodals from large specimens, I: oblique distal view showing the cryptosymplexial facet, J: oblique proximal view showing a cirrus socket. Scale bar equals 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="250D36BBFFF3CC6CFF7502A0FEC2FEBA" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,321]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">
|
||
<emphasis id="17C6EAA9FFF3CC6CFF7502A0FDE7FF02" bold="true" box="[199,617,222,249]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">
|
||
Occurrence in southeastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5DA5762BFFF3CC6CFDBC02A1FDEAFF02" box="[526,612,223,249]" name="France" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">France</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Avignon(Palais des Papes), Caumont-sur-Durance(Picabrier), Entrechaux (Pont Saint-Michel), Entrechaux (Ferme Pie), Saint-Etienne du Grès (Notre-Dame du Château). Late Burdigalian- Early Langhian.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |