202 lines
24 KiB
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202 lines
24 KiB
XML
<document id="5BB6B90E90585AB3C40189A9B91F4F44" ID-CLB-Dataset="22249" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2013.48" ID-GBIF-Dataset="02866e62-ab61-4cf4-9d98-0248e251084e" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3822836" ID-ZooBank="E7080722-E348-448D-96E5-D537F4865BB5" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1589219740188" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Thuy, Ben" docDate="2013" docId="997897636571855DD34A20A7FE629C2D" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-2013-48.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 48" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Lapidaster varuna Thuy 2013, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="6E723392-8565-4F6C-84C5-B6FEBE1A69CB" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="39" masterDocId="6541EF1B6555857BD1302529FFF89F78" masterDocTitle="Temporary expansion to shelf depths rather than an onshore-offshore trend: the shallow-water rise and demise of the modern deep-sea brittle star family Ophiacanthidae (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea)" masterLastPageNumber="242" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="37" updateTime="1698839159859" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="640E908F956B1966973DDE5585FF9897">
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<mods:title id="6BB6903722F15968B23409B131BC58D0">Temporary expansion to shelf depths rather than an onshore-offshore trend: the shallow-water rise and demise of the modern deep-sea brittle star family Ophiacanthidae (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="84624CFB88ADC194CBCCA0CE7C74CECF" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="0262CC337CE163A0EC71E9CA672DE1EF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="451704BC2D4B6A3C76CE6285CFABF050">Thuy, Ben</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="33DE59E0EA3D1760C2141E2BD282759E">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="5E770CC1DDAD9D4F5D8AAE2B908A6A58">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="73B3ECA6CA6C4E467FF7315E3E363B71">
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<mods:date id="C52977B0B5035551D44F3AC2BEB3E511">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="28B76756D7E83E565DD1BC16235D9861" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="0BB51618C167E84160F920F7E045EABD">2013-07-02</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="783D620D8DF803027B0501524FD6FBCA" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="C303705E703455FD0CA6CD49A6BEC80F">48</mods:number>
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<mods:extent id="3A35CBDC47602EA23BC8000EFD801FD8" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="1EDF916178AFE8F595B2E3587CA0305A">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="0BC45CC0DAA61E4087F6B16FC74F8B62">242</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="ADB371534552A8437BE9EFF777FF200E">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="5AC42985453251845DA731F9E153A553" type="CLB-Dataset">22249</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="A70A10DC8207BDAABCCB0BC84D458D50" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2013.48</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="8E982C64A5E9CEFD8267E7CDA379B6B6" type="GBIF-Dataset">02866e62-ab61-4cf4-9d98-0248e251084e</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="2DF3DD7DF45B90706CE99757B725B7BC" type="ISSN">2118-9773</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="4B517B6C4C3775D61FF3EEE87BF4CC6D" type="Zenodo-Dep">3822836</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="242E383902A596259B5079BD08CB2849" type="ZooBank">E7080722-E348-448D-96E5-D537F4865BB5</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="997897636571855DD34A20A7FE629C2D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3844271" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164044826" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3844271" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:6E723392-8565-4F6C-84C5-B6FEBE1A69CB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/997897636571855DD34A20A7FE629C2D" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<subSubSection id="59CB75FE6571855FD34A20A7FC429AD1" box="[634,954,1422,1449]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="116E26756571855FD34A20A7FC429AD1" blockId="36.[330,1258,1422,1528]" box="[634,954,1422,1449]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<heading id="4A2691196571855FD34A20A7FC429AD1" box="[634,954,1422,1449]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="D6D15DF66571855FD34A20A7FCA09AD1" authority="Thuy, 2013" authorityName="Thuy" authorityYear="2013" box="[634,856,1422,1449]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiacanthidae" genus="Lapidaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="varuna" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="23A5FA676571855FD34A20A7FCA09AD1" bold="true" box="[634,856,1422,1449]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Lapidaster varuna</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="3896471C6571855FD25020A6FC429AD1" box="[864,954,1423,1449]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="59CB75FE6571855FD07A209FFCA09A80" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="description">
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<paragraph id="116E26756571855FD07A209FFCA09A80" blockId="36.[330,1258,1422,1528]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<uri id="65402A776571855FD07A209FFB129AAB" box="[330,1258,1462,1491]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid id="65771CA06571855FD3B5209FFB129AAB" box="[645,1258,1462,1491]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">6E723392-8565-4F6C-84C5-B6FEBE1A69CB</uuid>
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</uri>
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<figureCitation id="89EA3AF06571855FD3EC20F4FCDC9A8F" box="[732,804,1501,1527]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="34.[189,232,1754,1780]" captionTargetBox="[258,1329,265,1714]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[258,1329,265,1714]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Fig. 8. Fossil lateral arm plates (LAPs) of ophiacanthid brittle stars in external (a) and internal (b) views. 1. Lapidaster sp. nov. innom. 1 from the late Toarcian (Early Jurassic) of Seewen, Switzerland; NHMB M11208, proximal to median LAP. 2-4. Lapidaster wolfii gen. et sp. nov. from the Bajocian-Bathonian boundary (Middle Jurassic) of Touert, France. 2. GZG.INV.78508 (holotype), proximal LAP. 3. GZG. INV.78509 (paratype), median LAP. 4. GZG.INV.78510 (paratype), distal LAP. 5-7. Lapidaster varuna gen. et sp. nov. from the Callovian of Jumara, India. 5. GZG.INV.78511 (holotype), proximal LAP. 6. GZG.INV.78512 (paratype), median LAP. 7. GZG.INV.78513 (paratype), distal LAP. One common scale bar per species is given." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3822854" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3822854/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
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: 5-7
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="59CB75FE6571855FD18D2308FBDB99CE" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="116E26756571855FD18D2308FECE9943" blockId="36.[189,310,1569,1595]" box="[189,310,1569,1595]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<heading id="4A2691196571855FD18D2308FECE9943" bold="true" box="[189,310,1569,1595]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="23A5FA676571855FD18D2308FECE9943" bold="true" box="[189,310,1569,1595]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="116E26756571855FD18D2378FBDB99CE" blockId="36.[189,1398,1617,1719]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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Species of
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<taxonomicName id="D6D15DF66571855FD074237BFE3B9914" authority="Thuy, 2013" authorityName="Thuy" authorityYear="2013" box="[324,451,1618,1644]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiacanthidae" genus="Lapidaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="23A5FA676571855FD074237BFE3B9914" box="[324,451,1618,1644]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Lapidaster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="3896471C6571855FD0FD237BFDC49914" box="[461,572,1618,1644]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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with relatively large LAPs displaying a weakly to moderately welldeveloped vertical striation, a long ridge on the inner side reaching the dorsal edge of the LAP, and up to four spine articulations composed of confluent dorsal and ventral lobes.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="59CB75FE6571855FD18D23C8FBF49829" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="116E26756571855FD18D23C8FEBC9983" blockId="36.[189,324,1761,1787]" box="[189,324,1761,1787]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<heading id="4A2691196571855FD18D23C8FEBC9983" bold="true" box="[189,324,1761,1787]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="23A5FA676571855FD18D23C8FEBC9983" bold="true" box="[189,324,1761,1787]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Etymology</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="116E26756571855FD18D2238FBF49829" blockId="36.[189,1399,1809,1873]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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Species named after Varuna, the god of the oceans in Hindu mythology, in reference to the cultural background prevailing in the area of the
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<typeStatus id="CE6A98D76571855FD3AA221EFD359829" box="[666,717,1847,1873]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">type</typeStatus>
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locality in Kachchh,
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<collectingCountry id="69C666E56571855FD2F8221EFBF09829" box="[968,1032,1847,1873]" name="India" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">India</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="59CB75FE6571855ED18D2252FC009D2D" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="116E26756571855FD18D2252FE9498EC" blockId="36.[189,364,1914,1941]" box="[189,364,1914,1941]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<heading id="4A2691196571855FD18D2252FE9498EC" bold="true" box="[189,364,1914,1941]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="23A5FA676571855FD18D2252FE9498EC" bold="true" box="[189,364,1914,1941]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Type material</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="116E26756571855FD1DA2282FE709893" blockId="36.[189,392,1963,2027]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<materialsCitation id="A1B92C286571855FD1DA2282FE709893" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2612041312" collectionCode="GZG" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCode="GZG.INV.78511" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="23A5FA676571855FD1DA2282FEA498BD" bold="true" box="[234,348,1963,1989]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<typeStatus id="CE6A98D76571855FD1DA2282FEA498BD" box="[234,348,1963,1989]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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<specimenCode id="41778E0E6571855FD18D22F9FE7D9893" box="[189,389,2000,2027]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">GZG.INV.78511</specimenCode>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="116E26756570855ED1DA2422FE9F9E5D" blockId="37.[189,647,267,331]" box="[234,359,267,293]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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<emphasis id="23A5FA676570855ED1DA2422FE9F9E5D" bold="true" box="[234,359,267,293]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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<typeStatus id="CE6A98D76570855ED1DA2422FE9F9E5D" box="[234,359,267,293]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="116E26756570855ED18D2419FD7F9E33" blockId="37.[189,647,267,331]" box="[189,647,304,331]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">GZG.INV.78512 and GZG.INV.78513.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="116E26756570855ED18D245AFE039EF5" blockId="37.[189,507,371,397]" box="[189,507,371,397]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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<heading id="4A2691196570855ED18D245AFE039EF5" bold="true" box="[189,507,371,397]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="23A5FA676570855ED18D245AFE039EF5" bold="true" box="[189,507,371,397]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Type locality and horizon</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="116E26756570855ED18D248DFB2C9EC5" blockId="37.[189,1236,419,446]" box="[189,1236,419,446]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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Jumara, Kachchh,
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<collectingCountry id="69C666E56570855ED0A7248AFE2F9EC5" box="[407,471,419,445]" name="India" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">India</collectingCountry>
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; sample 117, upper Chari Formation, Callovian, Middle Jurassic.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="116E26756570855ED18D24CFFE4C9D78" blockId="37.[189,436,486,512]" box="[189,436,486,512]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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<heading id="4A2691196570855ED18D24CFFE4C9D78" bold="true" box="[189,436,486,512]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="23A5FA676570855ED18D24CFFE4C9D78" bold="true" box="[189,436,486,512]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Additional material</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="116E26756570855ED18D273FFC009D2D" blockId="37.[189,1398,534,598]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">GZG.INV.78514 (78 dissociated LAPs) from sample 117; GZG.INV.78515 (14 dissociated LAPs) from sample 119; GZG.INV.78516 (12 dissociated LAPs) from sample 121.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="59CB75FE6570855DD18D2757FD639E35" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="description">
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<paragraph id="116E26756570855ED18D2757FEB69DE0" blockId="37.[189,334,638,664]" box="[189,334,638,664]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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<heading id="4A2691196570855ED18D2757FEB69DE0" bold="true" box="[189,334,638,664]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="23A5FA676570855ED18D2757FEB69DE0" bold="true" box="[189,334,638,664]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Description</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="116E26756570855ED1DA2786FEA49DB1" blockId="37.[189,1399,687,1376]" box="[234,348,687,713]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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<emphasis id="23A5FA676570855ED1DA2786FEA49DB1" bold="true" box="[234,348,687,713]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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<typeStatus id="CE6A98D76570855ED1DA2786FEA49DB1" box="[234,348,687,713]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="116E26756570855ED18D27FAFC649B26" blockId="37.[189,1399,687,1376]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">GZG.INV.78511 is a dissociated, medium-sized, median to proximal LAP, slightly wider than high; dorsal and distal edges straight to slightly convex; ventral quarter of LAP protruding ventroproximalwards; ventro-distal tip of LAP strongly protruding, tongue shaped; proximal edge evenly concave, with small, rather poorly defined and slightly prominent spur near ventro-proximal tip of LAP; outer surface consisting of coarsely meshed stereom with trabeculae merging into irregular vertical striation, especially near spine articulations; coarsely meshed stereom rapidly grading into much more finely meshed stereom near proximal edge of LAP. Three equal-sized spine articulations near distal edge of LAP, ventral and dorsal lobes forming continuous volute; two ventral spine articulations surrounded by irregular areole of finely meshed stereom; dorsalmost spine articulation embedded in striated to coarsely meshed stereom, separated from two ventral spine articulations by slightly larger gap. Ventral edge of LAP with large, very deep and concave tentacle notch.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="116E26756570855ED18D2143FD0E9A18" blockId="37.[189,1399,687,1376]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Inner side of LAP with sharply defined, prominent and relatively narrow ridge, dorsal portion of which oblique, nearly straight, with slightly widened, round tip, almost reaching dorso-proximal corner of LAP; ventral portion of ridge separated from dorsal one by slightly round kink, much less sharply defined and rapidly merging into thickened ventral part of LAP. Inner distal edge of LAP thinning out distalwards, with small, sharply defined, lens-shaped spur composed of compact stereom on inner ventro-distal tip of LAP. Inner side of tentacle notch with coarsely meshed and slightly horizontally stretched stereom, dorsally bordered by large, irregular perforation.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="116E26756570855ED1DA20A3FD489ADB" blockId="37.[189,1399,1417,1739]" box="[234,688,1417,1444]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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<emphasis id="23A5FA676570855ED1DA20A3FD489ADB" bold="true" box="[234,688,1417,1444]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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<typeStatus id="CE6A98D76570855ED1DA20A3FEA49ADC" box="[234,348,1418,1444]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
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supplements and variation
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="116E26756570855ED18D2087FCA799F9" blockId="37.[189,1399,1417,1739]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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GZG.INV.78512 is a dissociated proximal LAP, nearly as wide as high; dorsal and distal edges gently convex; ventral quarter of LAP and ventro-distal tip largely missing; spur on outer proximal edge slightly protruding, otherwise well in agreement with corresponding spur observed on
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<typeStatus id="CE6A98D76570855ED55520D1FB37996A" box="[1125,1231,1528,1554]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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; outer surface with coarsely meshed stereom merged into faint vertical striation. Four spine articulations, ventralmost smaller than remaining three; dorsalward increase in size of gaps separating spine articulations; three ventral spine articulations surrounded by irregular areole.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="116E26756570855ED18D23A5FD2299B3" blockId="37.[189,1399,1417,1739]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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Inner side of LAP well in agreement with that of
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<typeStatus id="CE6A98D76570855ED23823A2FC8A99DD" box="[776,882,1675,1701]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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; dorsal portion of ridge slightly shorter, not approximating dorso-proximal corner of LAP.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="116E26756570855ED18D23DAFC339893" blockId="37.[189,1399,1779,2027]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">GZG.INV.78513 is a dissociated distal LAP, approximately twice wider than high; dorsal edge slightly concave; distal edge straight; ventral fifth of LAP protruding ventro-proximalwards; ventro-distal tip of LAP strongly protruding, tongue shaped; proximal edge nearly straight, with sharp kink in ventral quarter, marked by well-defined, elongate, slightly prominent and protruding spur composed of very dense stereom; outer surface with coarsely meshed stereom with trabeculae showing only very faint tendency to merge into vertical striation. Three spine articulations, middle one slightly larger than ventral and dorsal ones. Tentacle notch large and moderately deep.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="116E26756573855DD18D2425FD639E35" blockId="38.[189,1399,267,334]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
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Inner side well in agreement with than of
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<typeStatus id="CE6A98D76573855DD3952422FCF79E5D" box="[677,783,267,293]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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; dorsal portion of ridge not reaching dorso-proximal corner of LAP, not widened at dorsal tip.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="59CB75FE6573855DD18D2450FE629C2D" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="116E26756573855DD18D2450FED79EEB" blockId="38.[189,303,377,403]" box="[189,303,377,403]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
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<heading id="4A2691196573855DD18D2450FED79EEB" bold="true" box="[189,303,377,403]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="23A5FA676573855DD18D2450FED79EEB" bold="true" box="[189,303,377,403]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Remarks</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="116E26756573855DD18D2485FB319DA4" blockId="38.[189,1399,428,733]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
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These LAPs display a striking similarity to those of extant
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<taxonomicName id="D6D15DF66573855DD2B92485FA8A9EBE" authority="H.L. Clark, 1911" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1911" box="[905,1394,428,455]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiomyxidae" genus="Ophiologimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="hexactis">
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<emphasis id="23A5FA676573855DD2B92485FB619EBE" box="[905,1177,428,454]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Ophiologimus hexactis</emphasis>
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H.L.
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<bibRefCitation id="75405B846573855DD5D32485FA8A9EBE" author="Clark H. L." box="[1251,1394,428,454]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refId="ref120500" refString="Clark H. L. 1911. North Pacific ophiurans in the collection of the Unites States National Museum. United States National Museum Bulletin 75, Smithsonian Institution, Washington. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 1324" type="journal volume" year="1911">Clark, 1911</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but differ in having a spur on the outer proximal and inner distal edges. Although this spur is rather poorly developed, the present LAPs are assigned to
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<taxonomicName id="D6D15DF66573855DD20C24D5FC439D6E" authority="Thuy, 2013" authorityName="Thuy" authorityYear="2013" box="[828,955,508,534]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiacanthidae" genus="Lapidaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="23A5FA676573855DD20C24D5FC439D6E" box="[828,955,508,534]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Lapidaster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="3896471C6573855DD2F724D5FBCD9D6E" box="[967,1077,508,534]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Within this genus, closest similarities are shared with
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<taxonomicName id="D6D15DF66573855DD331270AFD179D46" authorityName="Thuy" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Kutscher & Villier" baseAuthorityYear="2003" box="[513,751,547,574]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiacanthidae" genus="Lapidaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="fasciatus" status="comb. nov.">
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<emphasis id="23A5FA676573855DD331270AFD179D46" box="[513,751,547,574]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Lapidaster fasciatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="3896471C6573855DD3C7270AFC839D46" box="[759,891,547,574]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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, in which, however, the LAPs have a much better-developed vertical striation and a slightly shorter ridge on the inner side. These differences, even if seemingly small, are considered sufficient for distinction at the species level, in accordance with the observations of
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<bibRefCitation id="75405B846573855DD09727B2FD5B9DCD" author="Thuy B. & Stohr S." box="[423,675,667,693]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="1 - 47" refId="ref128956" refString="Thuy B. & Stohr S. 2011. Lateral arm plate morphology in brittle stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea): new perspectives for ophiuroid micropalaeontology and classification. Zootaxa 3013: 1 - 47." type="journal article" year="2011">Thuy & Stöhr (2011)</bibRefCitation>
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on the spectrum of possible differences in LAP morphology between congeneric species. The present LAPs are therefore described as a new species.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="116E26756573855DD18D2621FEB79C5A" blockId="38.[189,335,776,802]" box="[189,335,776,802]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
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<heading id="4A2691196573855DD18D2621FEB79C5A" bold="true" box="[189,335,776,802]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="23A5FA676573855DD18D2621FEB79C5A" bold="true" box="[189,335,776,802]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Occurrence</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="116E26756573855DD18D2612FE629C2D" blockId="38.[189,410,827,853]" box="[189,410,827,853]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
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Callovian of
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<collectingCountry id="69C666E56573855DD0662612FE6E9C2D" box="[342,406,827,853]" name="India" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">India</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |