treatments-xml/data/03/DE/87/03DE879D1C17337546B2C74AA0186A03.xml
2024-06-21 12:22:17 +02:00

450 lines
54 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="74E00D096D4255149E2E1DA14B05945E" ID-CLB-Dataset="7931" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4878.3.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="288c6fc9-269b-468f-8811-d79d4350f6e4" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4425132" ID-ZooBank="4F59F5B2-CFDB-4819-AF83-0EF232328F8D" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1610039812786" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gil, Marta, Ramil, Fran &amp; Agís, José Ansín" docDate="2020" docId="03DE879D1C17337546B2C74AA0186A03" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4878.3.2.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4878 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Turritopsis sp. McCrady 1857" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="419" masterDocId="FFE7FFE51C1133724625C569A205683E" masterDocTitle="Hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from Mauritanian Coral Mounds" masterLastPageNumber="466" masterPageNumber="412" pageNumber="418" updateTime="1698923825618" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="056BA6638A4E211B9427D8AA519FCB9D" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="479DE2EDEA50805EA57E8FDEE259DEC9">
<mods:title id="ED408E7774523E6A6119CEA9A61C035D">Hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from Mauritanian Coral Mounds</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="6019861B021DD844BE4897653D432720" type="personal">
<mods:role id="6FA88A9C557293AC8A93F9FE5E932529">
<mods:roleTerm id="24841F7108FF9B8B153A099AF7CE40A8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="2E4247BFE21D89BC940694A8AC907C99">Gil, Marta</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="384E18CAB1B1F661C8594CFD2D835BCD">Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Facultade de Ciencias do Mar e Centro de Investigación Mariña (CIM-UVigo), Universidade de Vigo. Campus Lagoas-Marcosende. 36310 Vigo. Spain. &amp; Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo. Subida Radio Faro 50. 36390 Vigo. Spain.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="F11FC798A3D89D799EAC5FDF6713D110" type="personal">
<mods:role id="B6B30DC677266B66DDDDD81D7420AB45">
<mods:roleTerm id="AA417FE1959F49957EFD869A967595BE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="6478B5AD72BDD47FF18597EE33E4D937">Ramil, Fran</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="A2D7F331E31F3CA7631C6FF9FC5F662A">Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Facultade de Ciencias do Mar e Centro de Investigación Mariña (CIM-UVigo), Universidade de Vigo. Campus Lagoas-Marcosende. 36310 Vigo. Spain. &amp; framil @ uvigo. es</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="0DDD577E5BC074631D5DDE8EEA6E556B" type="personal">
<mods:role id="A729747827C3747A2F3C4297C4D0F842">
<mods:roleTerm id="85C6991FAD3ED1F5E2FEBB5B2532C574">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="46370621CA9317AAF4F019B9CD3EECE9">Agís, José Ansín</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="FB0FBAAF2F34565E1A36DD84407F1FE7">Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Facultade de Ciencias do Mar e Centro de Investigación Mariña (CIM-UVigo), Universidade de Vigo. Campus Lagoas-Marcosende. 36310 Vigo. Spain. &amp; ansinjose @ gmail. com</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="7A0E85DB53EC26812A782D672EC6280E">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="99248F01600CE6EB2A3361E7381E3B91" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="4DD095FEDA085C1586FE6E69F8749949">
<mods:title id="A8B9C2347B71F3B012122D66167FDBB3">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="5671F59FE157D8ACA8C7572246989DF0">
<mods:date id="A5C93F7A1B73B3EF05F4B495CF7D8243">2020</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="1326383E4DB56E69EA57F258243B65C3" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="FFB9C6F3B1068940A57451CF93B9912D">2020-11-16</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="8A8B0E1D416CA9340B8C58D7E39B030A" type="volume">
<mods:number id="78BD04BD50CEC28410A18AB0E97F839C">4878</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="B9798E3A070EEAED93AA26FBDAC20F42" type="issue">
<mods:number id="5965BA1C914037936062E5EF184F4846">3</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="A89732EF632034E0115EAB26B1330D48" unit="page">
<mods:start id="ED66C9C9771E76B7475332A6B3E905B9">412</mods:start>
<mods:end id="3D937A31EA9D777D9DB2CE0BABA2F20F">466</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="FE95386BAD3E7CE1E01161ED53F7D1B3">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="1D1D5A773B4A815546F6F5EAA2CC7CCF" type="CLB-Dataset">7931</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="4312722A84A831AEEE0353EEC54E2475" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4878.3.2</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="328DFD4532DEE65B489F65AA925947C7" type="GBIF-Dataset">288c6fc9-269b-468f-8811-d79d4350f6e4</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="F3AD666E7A0E2024158C394A41B31123" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="B23D705B81FF78673515D8D7ECD7BA72" type="Zenodo-Dep">4425132</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="FF7E4ABC3D8C253CD0B969EB7B4B8C1E" type="ZooBank">4F59F5B2-CFDB-4819-AF83-0EF232328F8D</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03DE879D1C17337546B2C74AA0186A03" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4573233" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180323418" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4573233" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DE879D1C17337546B2C74AA0186A03" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DE879D1C17337546B2C74AA0186A03" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="419" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">
<subSubSection id="C36D65001C17337446B2C74AA3426A03" box="[151,327,547,573]" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BC8368B1C17337446B2C74AA3426A03" blockId="6.[151,327,547,609]" box="[151,327,547,573]" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">
<heading id="D08081E71C17337446B2C74AA3426A03" bold="true" box="[151,327,547,573]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B903EA991C17337446B2C74AA3426A03" bold="true" box="[151,327,547,573]" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">
<taxonomicName id="4C774D081C17337446B2C74AA3196A03" authorityName="McCrady" authorityYear="1857" box="[151,284,547,573]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Turritopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="sp.">
<emphasis id="B903EA991C17337446B2C74AA3196A03" bold="true" box="[151,284,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">Turritopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36D65001C17337446B2C72EA2FA6A5F" box="[151,255,583,609]" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BC8368B1C17337446B2C72EA2FA6A5F" blockId="6.[151,327,547,609]" box="[151,255,583,609]" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">
(
<figureCitation id="134C2A0E1C1733744685C72EA2FD6A5F" box="[160,248,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[309,1270,188,1911]" captionTargetId="figure-17@12.[305,1282,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 2. A, Turritopsis sp. (stn MUDR07), part of colony. B, Acryptolaria conferta minor Ramil &amp; Vervoort, 1992 (stn MUDR01), part of hydrocladium. CE, Filellum cf. serratum (Clarke, 1879) (stn GeoB 149081), hydrothecae. Scales: a, 0.5 mm; b, 1 mm; ce, 0.3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4425136" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4425136/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36D65001C17337446B2C7E2A1106ADF" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BC8368B1C17337446B2C7E2A3D26AFC" blockId="6.[151,1436,651,737]" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6711A51C17337446B2C7E2A3D26AFC" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">
?
<treatmentCitation id="0AD6109A1C1733744687C7E5A0C86A9D" author="Ramil, F. &amp; Vervoort, W." box="[162,717,651,675]" page="18" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" year="1992">
<taxonomicName id="4C774D081C1733744687C7E5A0C86A9D" ID-CoL="59R4R" authority=": Ramil &amp; Vervoort, 1992: 17 - 18" authorityName="Ramil &amp; Vervoort" authorityPageNumber="17 - 18" authorityYear="1992" box="[162,717,651,675]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Turritopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nutricula">
<emphasis id="B903EA991C1733744687C7E5A3736A9D" box="[162,374,651,675]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">Turritopsis nutricula</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFE64B7A1C17337447A1C7E2A0C86A9D" author="Ramil, F. &amp; Vervoort, W." box="[388,717,651,675]" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" pagination="1 - 262" refId="ref43541" refString="Ramil, F. &amp; Vervoort, W. (1992) Report on the Hydroida collected by the &quot; BALGIM &quot; expedition in and around the Strait of Gibraltar. Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 277, 1 - 262." type="journal article" year="1992">Ramil &amp; Vervoort, 1992: 1718</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AD6109A1C17337444FCC7E5A6AC6A9D" author="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Garcia Carrascosa, A. M." box="[729,1193,651,675]" page="26" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" year="2002">
<bibRefCitation id="EFE64B7A1C17337444FCC7E5A6AC6A9D" author="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Garcia Carrascosa, A. M." box="[729,1193,651,675]" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" pagination="1 - 180" refId="ref43152" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Garcia Carrascosa, A. M. (2002) The benthic hydroid fauna of the Chafarinas Islands (Alboran Sea, western Mediterranean). Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 337, 1 - 180." type="journal article" year="2002">Peña Cantero &amp; García Carrascosa, 2002: 26</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 3e (not
<taxonomicName id="4C774D081C1733744308C7E5A3C96AFC" ID-CoL="59R4R" authority="McCrady, 1857" authorityName="McCrady" authorityYear="1857" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Turritopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nutricula">
<emphasis id="B903EA991C1733744308C7E5A3216AFC" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">Turritopsis nutricula</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE64B7A1C173374470FC7C3A3C96AFC" author="McCrady, J." box="[298,460,682,706]" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" pagination="55 - 90" refId="ref41960" refString="McCrady, J., (1857) Description of Oceania (Turritopsis) nutricula nov. spec. and the embryological history of a singular medusan larva, found in the cavity of its bell. Proceedings of the Elliott Society of natutal Histtory, 1, 55 - 90." type="journal article" year="1857">McCrady, 1857</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC8368B1C17337446B2C7A0A1106ADF" blockId="6.[151,1436,651,737]" box="[151,789,712,737]" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6711A51C17337446B2C7A0A1106ADF" box="[151,789,712,737]" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">
?
<taxonomicName id="4C774D081C1733744687C7A0A0996ADF" ID-CoL="59R4R" authority=": Vervoort, 2006: 212 - 213" authorityName="McCrady" authorityPageNumber="212 - 213" authorityYear="1857" box="[162,668,712,737]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Turritopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B903EA991C1733744687C7A0A3146ADE" box="[162,273,713,736]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">Turritopsis</emphasis>
cf
<treatmentCitation id="0AD6109A1C1733744717C7A1A0996ADF" author="Vervoort, W." box="[306,668,712,737]" page="213" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" year="2006">
<emphasis id="B903EA991C1733744717C7A1A38A6ADE" box="[306,399,712,736]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">nutricula</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFE64B7A1C17337447B9C7A0A0996ADF" author="Vervoort, W." box="[412,668,712,737]" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" pagination="181 - 318" refId="ref45716" refString="Vervoort, W. (2006) Leptolida (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) collected during the CANCAP and Mauritania-II expeditions of the National Hystory, Leiden, the Netherlands [Anthoathecata, various families of Leptothecata and addenda]. Zoologische Mededelingen, Leiden, 80, 181 - 318." type="journal article" year="2006">Vervoort, 2006: 212213</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, fig. 6 no.3.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36D65001C17337446B2C667A1A66C53" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BC8368B1C17337446B2C667A37B6B73" blockId="6.[151,1437,782,2033]" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">
<emphasis id="B903EA991C17337446B2C667A3816B16" bold="true" box="[151,388,782,808]" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B1F3CD61C17337447ABC666A37F6B73" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3044195388" collectingDate="2009-12-05" collectionCode="MUDR" elevation="488" latitude="16.14" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-16.953335" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" specimenCode="MUDR01" specimenCount="1">
MAURIT-0911, stn
<specimenCode id="DBD19EF01C1733744453C666A0EC6B17" box="[630,745,783,809]" collectionCode="MUDR" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">MUDR01</specimenCode>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE43504C1C17337444DDC666A1856B17" box="[760,896,783,809]" degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="08" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" precision="15" seconds="24" value="16.14">16º08´24”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE43504C1C17337445B5C667A6186B17" box="[912,1053,782,809]" degrees="16" direction="west" minutes="57" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" precision="15" seconds="12" value="-16.953335">16º57´12”W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4C8F9B6E1C173374420EC666A6726B17" box="[1067,1143,783,809]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.88" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" unit="m" value="488.0">
<elevation id="005AD1B81C173374420EC666A6726B17" box="[1067,1143,783,809]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.88" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" unit="m" value="488.0">488 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFC9104B1C17337442A2C667A70F6B17" box="[1159,1290,782,809]" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" value="2009-12-05">
<collectingDate id="EF8DE9A31C17337442A2C667A70F6B17" box="[1159,1290,782,809]" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" value="2009-12-05">5-XII-2009</collectingDate>
</date>
: one colony, without gonophores
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC8368B1C17337446E2C63EA2EC6BAB" blockId="6.[151,1437,782,2033]" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">
<materialsCitation id="3B1F3CD61C17337446E2C63EA2E06BAB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3044195323" collectingDate="2009-12-08" collectionCode="MUDR" elevation="421" latitude="18.145277" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-16.595001" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" specimenCode="MUDR05" specimenCount="1">
MAURIT-0911, stn
<specimenCode id="DBD19EF01C1733744790C63FA0226B4F" box="[437,551,854,881]" collectionCode="MUDR" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">MUDR05</specimenCode>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE43504C1C173374441DC63EA0C76B4F" box="[568,706,855,881]" degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="08" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" precision="15" seconds="43" value="18.145277">18º08´43”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE43504C1C17337444F6C63FA1656B4F" box="[723,864,854,881]" degrees="16" direction="west" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" precision="15" seconds="42" value="-16.595001">16º35´42”W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4C8F9B6E1C1733744554C63EA1C56B4F" box="[881,960,855,881]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.21" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" unit="m" value="421.0">
<elevation id="005AD1B81C1733744554C63EA1C56B4F" box="[881,960,855,881]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.21" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" unit="m" value="421.0">421 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFC9104B1C17337445F4C63EA6506B4F" box="[977,1109,855,881]" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" value="2009-12-08">
<collectingDate id="EF8DE9A31C17337445F4C63EA6506B4F" box="[977,1109,855,881]" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" value="2009-12-08">8-XII-2009</collectingDate>
</date>
: one colony, without gonophores
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC8368B1C17337446E2C6F6A2EC6BE3" blockId="6.[151,1437,782,2033]" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">
<materialsCitation id="3B1F3CD61C17337446E2C6F6A2E06BE3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3044195358" collectingDate="2009-12-12" collectionCode="MUDR" elevation="460" latitude="18.594444" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-16.720001" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" specimenCode="MUDR07" specimenCount="1">
MAURIT-0911, stn
<specimenCode id="DBD19EF01C1733744797C6F6A0206B87" box="[434,549,927,953]" collectionCode="MUDR" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">MUDR07</specimenCode>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE43504C1C1733744410C6F7A0BB6B87" box="[565,702,926,953]" degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="35" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" precision="15" seconds="40" value="18.594444">18º35´40”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE43504C1C17337444EBC6F6A15E6B87" box="[718,859,927,953]" degrees="16" direction="west" minutes="43" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" precision="15" seconds="12" value="-16.720001">16º43´12”W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4C8F9B6E1C173374454FC6F6A1BD6B87" box="[874,952,927,953]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" unit="m" value="460.0">
<elevation id="005AD1B81C173374454FC6F6A1BD6B87" box="[874,952,927,953]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" unit="m" value="460.0">460 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFC9104B1C17337445EDC6F6A65F6B87" box="[968,1114,927,953]" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" value="2009-12-12">
<collectingDate id="EF8DE9A31C17337445EDC6F6A65F6B87" box="[968,1114,927,953]" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" value="2009-12-12">12-XII-2009</collectingDate>
</date>
: one colony, without gonophores
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC8368B1C17337446E2C68EA2EC6C1B" blockId="6.[151,1437,782,2033]" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">
<materialsCitation id="3B1F3CD61C17337446E2C68EA2E06C1B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3044195340" collectingDate="2010-12-07" collectionCode="MUDR" elevation="405" latitude="16.136389" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-16.935555" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" specimenCode="MUDR20" specimenCount="1">
MAURIT-1011, stn
<specimenCode id="DBD19EF01C1733744790C68EA02C6C3F" box="[437,553,999,1025]" collectionCode="MUDR" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">MUDR20</specimenCode>
:
<geoCoordinate id="EE43504C1C173374441CC68EA0C46C3F" box="[569,705,999,1025]" degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="08" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" precision="15" seconds="11" value="16.136389">16º08´11”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE43504C1C17337444F6C68FA15A6C3F" box="[723,863,998,1025]" degrees="16" direction="west" minutes="56" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" precision="15" seconds="08" value="-16.935555">16º56´08”W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4C8F9B6E1C1733744554C68FA1BA6C3F" box="[881,959,998,1025]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.05" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" unit="m" value="405.0">
<elevation id="005AD1B81C1733744554C68FA1BA6C3F" box="[881,959,998,1025]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.05" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" unit="m" value="405.0">405 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFC9104B1C17337445F4C68EA6506C3F" box="[977,1109,999,1025]" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" value="2010-12-07">
<collectingDate id="EF8DE9A31C17337445F4C68EA6506C3F" box="[977,1109,999,1025]" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" value="2010-12-07">7-XII-2010</collectingDate>
</date>
: one colony, without gonophores
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC8368B1C17337446E2C146A1A66C53" blockId="6.[151,1437,782,2033]" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">
<materialsCitation id="3B1F3CD61C17337446E2C146A19A6C53" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3044195327" collectingDate="2010-11-03" collectionCode="MSM" elevation="565" latitude="20.242916" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-17.66785" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" specimenCode="MSM 16" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="DBD19EF01C17337446E2C146A3286C77" box="[199,301,1071,1097]" collectionCode="MSM" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z37t-cwh9" name="Marine Science Museum, Tokai Univ." pageId="6" pageNumber="418">MSM 16</specimenCode>
/3, stn GeoB 147961, ROV, 20°14.840
<geoCoordinate id="EE43504C1C1733744521C147A1936C77" box="[772,918,1070,1097]" degrees="20" direction="north" minutes="14.575" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" precision="1" value="20.242916">20°14.575N</geoCoordinate>
, 17°40.193
<geoCoordinate id="EE43504C1C1733744208C146A6C06C77" box="[1069,1221,1071,1097]" degrees="17" direction="west" minutes="40.071" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" precision="1" value="-17.66785">17°40.071W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4C8F9B6E1C17337442F4C146A7576C77" box="[1233,1362,1071,1097]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.645" metricValueMax="6.42" metricValueMin="4.87" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" unit="m" value="564.5" valueMax="642.0" valueMin="487.0">
<elevation id="005AD1B81C17337442F4C146A7576C77" box="[1233,1362,1071,1097]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.645" metricValueMax="6.42" metricValueMin="4.87" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" unit="m" value="564.5" valueMax="642.0" valueMin="487.0">487642 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFC9104B1C173374437BC146A2D66C53" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" value="2010-11-03">
<collectingDate id="EF8DE9A31C173374437BC146A2D66C53" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" value="2010-11-03">3-XI- 2010</collectingDate>
</date>
: two colonies attached to
<taxonomicName id="4C774D081C17337447D1C13AA0AB6C53" baseAuthorityName="Johnston" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[500,686,1107,1133]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="beanii">
<emphasis id="B903EA991C17337447D1C13AA0AB6C53" box="[500,686,1107,1133]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">Halecium beanii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, without gonophores
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36D65001C17337446E2C11FA67E6D1F" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BC8368B1C17337446E2C11FA1906CE4" blockId="6.[151,1437,782,2033]" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">
<emphasis id="B903EA991C17337446E2C11FA3226CAE" bold="true" box="[199,295,1142,1168]" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">Biology.</emphasis>
This species has been found growing on algae and invertebrates, such as bryozoans, hydrozoans and polychaete tubes (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE64B7A1C1733744744C1F2A1286C8B" author="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Garcia Carrascosa, A. M." box="[353,813,1179,1205]" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" pagination="1 - 180" refId="ref43152" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Garcia Carrascosa, A. M. (2002) The benthic hydroid fauna of the Chafarinas Islands (Alboran Sea, western Mediterranean). Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 337, 1 - 180." type="journal article" year="2002">Peña Cantero &amp; García Carrascosa 2002</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE64B7A1C1733744512C1F2A1DE6C8B" author="Vervoort, W." box="[823,987,1179,1205]" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" pagination="181 - 318" refId="ref45716" refString="Vervoort, W. (2006) Leptolida (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) collected during the CANCAP and Mauritania-II expeditions of the National Hystory, Leiden, the Netherlands [Anthoathecata, various families of Leptothecata and addenda]. Zoologische Mededelingen, Leiden, 80, 181 - 318." type="journal article" year="2006">Vervoort 2006</bibRefCitation>
, both as
<taxonomicName id="4C774D081C173374421BC1F2A2D66CE7" authority="McCrady, 1857" authorityName="McCrady" authorityYear="1857" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Turritopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nutricula">
<emphasis id="B903EA991C173374421BC1F2A7226C8B" box="[1086,1319,1179,1205]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">Turritopsis nutricula</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE64B7A1C1733744308C1F2A2D66CE7" author="McCrady, J." pageId="6" pageNumber="418" pagination="55 - 90" refId="ref41960" refString="McCrady, J., (1857) Description of Oceania (Turritopsis) nutricula nov. spec. and the embryological history of a singular medusan larva, found in the cavity of its bell. Proceedings of the Elliott Society of natutal Histtory, 1, 55 - 90." type="journal article" year="1857">McCrady, 1857</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
). Gonophores has been observed in March by
<bibRefCitation id="EFE64B7A1C17337444FFC1D6A1946CE4" author="Vervoort, W." box="[730,913,1215,1242]" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" pagination="181 - 318" refId="ref45716" refString="Vervoort, W. (2006) Leptolida (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) collected during the CANCAP and Mauritania-II expeditions of the National Hystory, Leiden, the Netherlands [Anthoathecata, various families of Leptothecata and addenda]. Zoologische Mededelingen, Leiden, 80, 181 - 318." type="journal article" year="2006">Vervoort (2006)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC8368B1C17337446E2C18AA67E6D1F" blockId="6.[151,1437,782,2033]" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">
In our material
<taxonomicName id="4C774D081C173374475EC18AA3F36CC2" authorityName="McCrady" authorityYear="1857" box="[379,502,1251,1276]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Turritopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B903EA991C173374475EC18AA3F36CC2" box="[379,502,1251,1276]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">Turritopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. has always been associated with cold-water coral mounds, nevertheless some colonies were also found growing on the hydroid
<taxonomicName id="4C774D081C17337444E1C06EA1296D1F" baseAuthorityName="Johnston" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[708,812,1287,1313]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="beanii">
<emphasis id="B903EA991C17337444E1C06EA1296D1F" box="[708,812,1287,1313]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">H. beanii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Gonophores were not found.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36D65001C17337446E2C043A2D86DEB" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BC8368B1C17337446E2C043A2D86DEB" blockId="6.[151,1437,782,2033]" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">
<emphasis id="B903EA991C17337446E2C043A3646D7A" bold="true" box="[199,353,1322,1348]" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">Distribution.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C774D081C173374474DC042A3E66D7A" authorityName="McCrady" authorityYear="1857" box="[360,483,1323,1348]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Turritopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B903EA991C173374474DC042A3E66D7A" box="[360,483,1323,1348]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">Turritopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. was collected in several localities stretching from Banc dArguin in the north to the Senegalese border in the south, between 405 and
<quantity id="4C8F9B6E1C17337444D3C026A13A6D57" box="[758,831,1359,1385]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.42" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" unit="m" value="642.0">642 m</quantity>
depth. The material reported as
<taxonomicName id="4C774D081C1733744297C026A34D6DB3" authority="McCrady, 1857" authorityName="McCrady" authorityYear="1857" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Turritopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nutricula">
<emphasis id="B903EA991C1733744297C026A7986D57" box="[1202,1437,1359,1385]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">Turritopsis nutricula</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE64B7A1C17337446B2C01AA34D6DB3" author="McCrady, J." box="[151,328,1394,1421]" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" pagination="55 - 90" refId="ref41960" refString="McCrady, J., (1857) Description of Oceania (Turritopsis) nutricula nov. spec. and the embryological history of a singular medusan larva, found in the cavity of its bell. Proceedings of the Elliott Society of natutal Histtory, 1, 55 - 90." type="journal article" year="1857">McCrady, 1857</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE64B7A1C173374477CC01AA0686DB3" author="Ramil, F. &amp; Vervoort, W." box="[345,621,1395,1421]" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" pagination="1 - 262" refId="ref43541" refString="Ramil, F. &amp; Vervoort, W. (1992) Report on the Hydroida collected by the &quot; BALGIM &quot; expedition in and around the Strait of Gibraltar. Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 277, 1 - 262." type="journal article" year="1992">Ramil &amp; Vervoort 1992</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE64B7A1C1733744459C01AA64A6DB3" author="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Garcia Carrascosa, A. M." box="[636,1103,1395,1421]" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" pagination="1 - 180" refId="ref43152" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Garcia Carrascosa, A. M. (2002) The benthic hydroid fauna of the Chafarinas Islands (Alboran Sea, western Mediterranean). Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 337, 1 - 180." type="journal article" year="2002">Peña Cantero &amp; García Carrascosa 2002</bibRefCitation>
) and
<taxonomicName id="4C774D081C17337442B7C01AA7086DB2" authorityName="McCrady" authorityYear="1857" box="[1170,1293,1395,1420]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Turritopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B903EA991C17337442B7C01AA7086DB2" box="[1170,1293,1395,1420]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">Turritopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
cf
<taxonomicName id="4C774D081C1733744313C01AA34E6D8C" authority="(Vervoort 2006)" baseAuthorityName="Vervoort" baseAuthorityYear="2006" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Turritopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nutricula">
<emphasis id="B903EA991C1733744313C01AA7986DB3" box="[1334,1437,1395,1421]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">nutricula</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE64B7A1C17337446BBC0FEA3466D8C" author="Vervoort, W." box="[158,323,1431,1458]" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" pagination="181 - 318" refId="ref45716" refString="Vervoort, W. (2006) Leptolida (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) collected during the CANCAP and Mauritania-II expeditions of the National Hystory, Leiden, the Netherlands [Anthoathecata, various families of Leptothecata and addenda]. Zoologische Mededelingen, Leiden, 80, 181 - 318." type="journal article" year="2006">Vervoort 2006</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
was collected from Alboran Sea, Atlantic coast of
<collectingCountry id="F360761B1C17337445A7C0FEA1E26D8F" box="[898,999,1431,1457]" name="Morocco" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">Morocco</collectingCountry>
and South of Madeira from
<quantity id="4C8F9B6E1C1733744301C0FEA7996D8F" box="[1316,1436,1430,1457]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" metricValueMax="5.8" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" unit="m" value="290.0" valueMax="580.0" valueMin="0.0">0 to 580 m</quantity>
depth.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36D65001C17337546E2C0B6A0186A03" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="419" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BC8368B1C17337446E2C0B6A3016F5F" blockId="6.[151,1437,782,2033]" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">
<emphasis id="B903EA991C17337446E2C0B6A33E6DC7" bold="true" box="[199,315,1503,1529]" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">Remarks.</emphasis>
The material studied by us included only small monosiphonic colonies with greatly damaged or without hydranths. The colony structure matched that of
<taxonomicName id="4C774D081C173374450FC36AA6136E23" baseAuthorityName="Vervoort" baseAuthorityYear="2006" box="[810,1046,1539,1565]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Turritopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nutricula">
<emphasis id="B903EA991C173374450FC36AA6136E23" box="[810,1046,1539,1565]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">Turritopsis nutricula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
described by
<bibRefCitation id="EFE64B7A1C173374429FC36AA2E76E7F" author="Ramil, F. &amp; Vervoort, W." pageId="6" pageNumber="418" pagination="1 - 262" refId="ref43541" refString="Ramil, F. &amp; Vervoort, W. (1992) Report on the Hydroida collected by the &quot; BALGIM &quot; expedition in and around the Strait of Gibraltar. Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 277, 1 - 262." type="journal article" year="1992">Ramil and Vervoort (1992)</bibRefCitation>
from the Strait of
<collectingCountry id="F360761B1C1733744796C34EA01D6E7F" box="[435,536,1575,1601]" name="Gibraltar" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">Gibraltar</collectingCountry>
region: lateral branches running parallel for some distance before curving away from the main axis and a strong perisarc composed of two sheaths, the smooth external sheath and the internal wrinkled sheath (fig. 2A). The nematocysts are microbasic euryteles (77.5 × 45 μm) and desmonemes (3.55 x 33.5 μm).
<taxonomicName id="4C774D081C17337446F1C3FAA3BB6E93" baseAuthorityName="Vervoort" baseAuthorityYear="2006" box="[212,446,1683,1709]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Turritopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nutricula">
<emphasis id="B903EA991C17337446F1C3FAA3BB6E93" box="[212,446,1683,1709]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">Turritopsis nutricula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was traditionally considered as an almost cosmopolitan or circumglobal species (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE64B7A1C1733744373C3FAA3526EEF" author="Ramil, F. &amp; Vervoort, W." pageId="6" pageNumber="418" pagination="1 - 262" refId="ref43541" refString="Ramil, F. &amp; Vervoort, W. (1992) Report on the Hydroida collected by the &quot; BALGIM &quot; expedition in and around the Strait of Gibraltar. Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 277, 1 - 262." type="journal article" year="1992">Ramil &amp; Vervoort 1992</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE64B7A1C1733744746C3DEA0106EEF" author="Schuchert, P." box="[355,533,1719,1745]" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" refId="ref44602" refString="Schuchert, P. (1996) The marine fauna of New Zealand: athecate hydroids and their medusae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa). Elsevier Science, Wellington, 159 pp." type="book" year="1996">Schuchert 1996</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE64B7A1C1733744404C3DEA0C26EEC" author="Vervoort, W." box="[545,711,1719,1746]" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" pagination="181 - 318" refId="ref45716" refString="Vervoort, W. (2006) Leptolida (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) collected during the CANCAP and Mauritania-II expeditions of the National Hystory, Leiden, the Netherlands [Anthoathecata, various families of Leptothecata and addenda]. Zoologische Mededelingen, Leiden, 80, 181 - 318." type="journal article" year="2006">Vervoort 2006</bibRefCitation>
). Nevertheless,
<bibRefCitation id="EFE64B7A1C173374455DC3DEA63C6EEF" author="Schuchert, P." box="[888,1081,1719,1745]" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" pagination="315 - 369" refId="ref44727" refString="Schuchert, P. (2004) Revision of the European athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): families Oceanidae and Pachycordylidae. Revue suisse de Zoologie, 111, 315 - 369. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 80242" type="journal article" year="2004">Schuchert (2004)</bibRefCitation>
indicated that
<taxonomicName id="4C774D081C17337442FAC3DEA7646EEF" baseAuthorityName="Vervoort" baseAuthorityYear="2006" box="[1247,1377,1719,1745]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Turritopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nutricula">
<emphasis id="B903EA991C17337442FAC3DEA7646EEF" box="[1247,1377,1719,1745]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">T. nutricula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is an American species only known in the West Atlantic. He also interpreted
<taxonomicName id="4C774D081C17337445EEC3B2A7996EC8" authority="(Keferstein, 1862)" baseAuthorityName="Keferstein" baseAuthorityYear="1862" box="[971,1436,1755,1782]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Turritopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="polycirrha">
<emphasis id="B903EA991C17337445EEC3B2A6C06ECB" box="[971,1221,1755,1781]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">Turritopsis polycirrha</emphasis>
(Keferstein, 1862)
</taxonomicName>
from the Northeast Atlantic,
<taxonomicName id="4C774D081C17337447FBC396A18E6F27" authority="(Weismann, 1883)" baseAuthorityName="Weismann" baseAuthorityYear="1883" box="[478,907,1791,1817]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Turritopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dohrnii">
<emphasis id="B903EA991C17337447FBC396A0B66F27" box="[478,691,1791,1817]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">Turritopsis dohrnii</emphasis>
(Weismann, 1883)
</taxonomicName>
from the Mediterranean and
<taxonomicName id="4C774D081C17337442FCC396A3506F03" authority="(Farquhar, 1895)" baseAuthorityName="Farquhar" baseAuthorityYear="1895" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Turritopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rubra">
<emphasis id="B903EA991C17337442FCC396A7996F27" box="[1241,1436,1791,1817]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">Turritopsis rubra</emphasis>
(Farquhar, 1895)
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="F360761B1C17337447BEC24AA0376F03" box="[411,562,1827,1853]" name="New Zealand" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
as valid species, which were confirmed using molecular studies (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE64B7A1C173374433DC24AA2FD6F5F" author="Miglietta, M. P. &amp; Piraino, S. &amp; Kubota, S. &amp; Schuchert, P." pageId="6" pageNumber="418" pagination="11 - 19" refId="ref42216" refString="Miglietta, M. P., Piraino, S., Kubota, S. &amp; Schuchert, P. (2007) Species in the genus Turritopsis (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa): a molecular evaluation. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research, 45 (1), 11 - 19. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0469.2006.00379. x" type="journal article" year="2007">
Miglietta
<emphasis id="B903EA991C17337443ADC24AA2B16F5F" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">et al.</emphasis>
2007
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC8368B1C17337546E2C202A12568C7" blockId="6.[151,1437,782,2033]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1436,151,573]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="419" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">
The records of
<taxonomicName id="4C774D081C1733744757C202A3F06FBB" baseAuthorityName="Vervoort" baseAuthorityYear="2006" box="[370,501,1899,1925]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Turritopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nutricula">
<emphasis id="B903EA991C1733744757C202A3F06FBB" box="[370,501,1899,1925]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">T. nutricula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
off Cape Spartel on the Atlantic side of the Strait of
<collectingCountry id="F360761B1C1733744261C202A6AE6FBB" box="[1092,1195,1899,1925]" name="Gibraltar" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">Gibraltar</collectingCountry>
, the Strait proper and the southern part of the Alboran Sea (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE64B7A1C173374446DC2E6A15C6F97" author="Ramil, F. &amp; Vervoort, W." box="[584,857,1935,1961]" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" pagination="1 - 262" refId="ref43541" refString="Ramil, F. &amp; Vervoort, W. (1992) Report on the Hydroida collected by the &quot; BALGIM &quot; expedition in and around the Strait of Gibraltar. Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 277, 1 - 262." type="journal article" year="1992">Ramil &amp; Vervoort 1992</bibRefCitation>
) were included by
<bibRefCitation id="EFE64B7A1C173374421DC2E6A6FE6F97" author="Schuchert, P." box="[1080,1275,1935,1961]" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" pagination="315 - 369" refId="ref44727" refString="Schuchert, P. (2004) Revision of the European athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): families Oceanidae and Pachycordylidae. Revue suisse de Zoologie, 111, 315 - 369. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 80242" type="journal article" year="2004">Schuchert (2004)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFE64B7A1C1733744313C2E6A3206FF3" author="Miglietta, M. P. &amp; Piraino, S. &amp; Kubota, S. &amp; Schuchert, P." pageId="6" pageNumber="418" pagination="11 - 19" refId="ref42216" refString="Miglietta, M. P., Piraino, S., Kubota, S. &amp; Schuchert, P. (2007) Species in the genus Turritopsis (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa): a molecular evaluation. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research, 45 (1), 11 - 19. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0469.2006.00379. x" type="journal article" year="2007">
Miglietta
<emphasis id="B903EA991C17337446B2C2DAA2D76FF3" box="[151,210,1971,1997]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">et al.</emphasis>
(2007)
</bibRefCitation>
within
<taxonomicName id="4C774D081C173374475AC2DAA3EB6FF3" baseAuthorityName="Weismann" baseAuthorityYear="1883" box="[383,494,1971,1997]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Turritopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dohrnii">
<emphasis id="B903EA991C173374475AC2DAA3EB6FF3" box="[383,494,1971,1997]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">T. dohrnii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, molecular studies identified a putative second species of
<taxonomicName id="4C774D081C1733744327C2DAA7786FF2" authorityName="McCrady" authorityYear="1857" box="[1282,1405,1971,1996]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Turritopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B903EA991C1733744327C2DAA7786FF2" box="[1282,1405,1971,1996]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">Turritopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the Mediterranean that was quite different from
<taxonomicName id="4C774D081C173374449CC2BEA1226FCF" baseAuthorityName="Weismann" baseAuthorityYear="1883" box="[697,807,2007,2033]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Turritopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dohrnii">
<emphasis id="B903EA991C173374449CC2BEA1226FCF" box="[697,807,2007,2033]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">T. dohrnii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C774D081C1733744545C2BEA6EF6FCF" authority="(Miglietta et al. 2007)" baseAuthorityName="Miglietta" baseAuthorityYear="2007" box="[864,1258,2007,2033]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Turritopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nutricula">
<emphasis id="B903EA991C1733744545C2BEA1E16FCF" box="[864,996,2007,2033]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">T. nutricula</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE64B7A1C17337445D6C2BEA6E76FCF" author="Miglietta, M. P. &amp; Piraino, S. &amp; Kubota, S. &amp; Schuchert, P." box="[1011,1250,2007,2033]" pageId="6" pageNumber="418" pagination="11 - 19" refId="ref42216" refString="Miglietta, M. P., Piraino, S., Kubota, S. &amp; Schuchert, P. (2007) Species in the genus Turritopsis (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa): a molecular evaluation. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research, 45 (1), 11 - 19. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0469.2006.00379. x" type="journal article" year="2007">
Miglietta
<emphasis id="B903EA991C1733744241C2BEA6986FCF" box="[1124,1181,2007,2033]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="418">et al.</emphasis>
2007
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. Because of the proximity of the collecting station (Almería, southern
<collectingCountry id="F360761B1C16337544D4C5FEA137688C" box="[753,818,151,178]" name="Spain" pageId="7" pageNumber="419">Spain</collectingCountry>
) to the Strait of
<collectingCountry id="F360761B1C16337545C3C5FEA648688F" box="[998,1101,151,177]" name="Gibraltar" pageId="7" pageNumber="419">Gibraltar</collectingCountry>
, the authors hypothesized that it may represent
<taxonomicName id="4C774D081C1633754777C5D2A3E168EB" baseAuthorityName="Keferstein" baseAuthorityYear="1862" box="[338,484,187,213]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Turritopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="419" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="polycirrha">
<emphasis id="B903EA991C1633754777C5D2A3E168EB" box="[338,484,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="419">T. polycirrha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the only known
<taxonomicName id="4C774D081C1633754483C5D2A12468EA" authorityName="McCrady" authorityYear="1857" box="[678,801,187,212]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Turritopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="419" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B903EA991C1633754483C5D2A12468EA" box="[678,801,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="419">Turritopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species from the Northeast Atlantic. The same argument can be applied to the records of
<bibRefCitation id="EFE64B7A1C16337547DBC5B6A11968C7" author="Ramil, F. &amp; Vervoort, W." box="[510,796,223,249]" pageId="7" pageNumber="419" pagination="1 - 262" refId="ref43541" refString="Ramil, F. &amp; Vervoort, W. (1992) Report on the Hydroida collected by the &quot; BALGIM &quot; expedition in and around the Strait of Gibraltar. Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 277, 1 - 262." type="journal article" year="1992">Ramil &amp; Vervoort (1992)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC8368B1C16337546E2C46AA0186A03" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,573]" pageId="7" pageNumber="419">
The nematocysts in our colonies were slightly smaller and the microbasic euryteles clearly wider than those reported by
<bibRefCitation id="EFE64B7A1C1633754701C44EA00A697C" author="Martell, L. &amp; Piraino, S. &amp; Gravili, C. &amp; Boero, F." box="[292,527,295,322]" pageId="7" pageNumber="419" pagination="390 - 399" refId="ref41898" refString="Martell, L., Piraino, S., Gravili, C. &amp; Boero, F. (2016) Life cycle, morphology and medusa ontogenesis of Turritopsis dohrnii (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa). Italian Journal of Zoology, 83 (3), 390 - 399. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 11250003.2016.1203034" type="journal article" year="2016">
Martell
<emphasis id="B903EA991C16337547A5C44EA3BE697F" box="[384,443,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="419">et al.</emphasis>
(2016)
</bibRefCitation>
for
<taxonomicName id="4C774D081C1633754466C44EA0B6697F" baseAuthorityName="Weismann" baseAuthorityYear="1883" box="[579,691,295,321]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Turritopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="419" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dohrnii">
<emphasis id="B903EA991C1633754466C44EA0B6697F" box="[579,691,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="419">T. dohrnii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; this, together different geographical and bathymetrical distributions confirm that they are different species, with
<taxonomicName id="4C774D081C16337544EBC422A138695B" baseAuthorityName="Weismann" baseAuthorityYear="1883" box="[718,829,331,357]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Turritopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="419" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dohrnii">
<emphasis id="B903EA991C16337544EBC422A138695B" box="[718,829,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="419">T. dohrnii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
restricted to the Mediterranean Sea (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE64B7A1C16337542C7C422A79D695B" author="Schuchert, P." box="[1250,1432,331,357]" pageId="7" pageNumber="419" pagination="315 - 369" refId="ref44727" refString="Schuchert, P. (2004) Revision of the European athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): families Oceanidae and Pachycordylidae. Revue suisse de Zoologie, 111, 315 - 369. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 80242" type="journal article" year="2004">Schuchert 2004</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE64B7A1C16337546B2C406A37569B4" author="Martell, L. &amp; Piraino, S. &amp; Gravili, C. &amp; Boero, F." box="[151,368,367,394]" pageId="7" pageNumber="419" pagination="390 - 399" refId="ref41898" refString="Martell, L., Piraino, S., Gravili, C. &amp; Boero, F. (2016) Life cycle, morphology and medusa ontogenesis of Turritopsis dohrnii (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa). Italian Journal of Zoology, 83 (3), 390 - 399. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 11250003.2016.1203034" type="journal article" year="2016">
Martell
<emphasis id="B903EA991C16337546D7C406A32E69B7" box="[242,299,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="419">et al.</emphasis>
2016
</bibRefCitation>
). The polyp phase of
<taxonomicName id="4C774D081C1633754443C406A0FD69B7" baseAuthorityName="Keferstein" baseAuthorityYear="1862" box="[614,760,367,393]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Turritopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="419" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="polycirrha">
<emphasis id="B903EA991C1633754443C406A0FD69B7" box="[614,760,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="419">T. polycirrha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is not well known (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE64B7A1C16337545FEC406A69569B7" author="Schuchert, P." box="[987,1168,367,393]" pageId="7" pageNumber="419" pagination="315 - 369" refId="ref44727" refString="Schuchert, P. (2004) Revision of the European athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): families Oceanidae and Pachycordylidae. Revue suisse de Zoologie, 111, 315 - 369. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 80242" type="journal article" year="2004">Schuchert 2004</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFE64B7A1C16337542B9C406A6D369B7" author="Schuchert, P." box="[1180,1238,367,393]" pageId="7" pageNumber="419" pagination="1 - 364" refId="ref44871" refString="Schuchert, P. (2012) North-West European Athecate Hydroids and their Medusae. Synopses of the British Fauna, New Series, 59, 1 - 364." type="journal article" year="2012">2012</bibRefCitation>
) and the nematocysts, described only in the medusa (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE64B7A1C1633754410C4FAA0CE6993" author="Russell, F. S." box="[565,715,402,429]" pageId="7" pageNumber="419" refId="ref44483" refString="Russell, F. S. (1953) The medusa of the British Isles. Anthomedusae, Leptomedusae, Limnomedusae, Trachymedusae and Narcomedusae. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 538 pp." type="book" year="1953">Russell 1953</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE64B7A1C16337544F2C4FAA18E6993" author="Schuchert, P." box="[727,907,403,429]" pageId="7" pageNumber="419" pagination="315 - 369" refId="ref44727" refString="Schuchert, P. (2004) Revision of the European athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): families Oceanidae and Pachycordylidae. Revue suisse de Zoologie, 111, 315 - 369. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 80242" type="journal article" year="2004">Schuchert 2004</bibRefCitation>
), are bigger than those found in the colonies of
<taxonomicName id="4C774D081C16337546B2C4DEA31769EE" authorityName="McCrady" authorityYear="1857" box="[151,274,439,464]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Turritopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="419" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B903EA991C16337546B2C4DEA31769EE" box="[151,274,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="419">Turritopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. In addition, differences in bathymetric and geographical distributions—
<taxonomicName id="4C774D081C163375425DC4DEA70969EF" baseAuthorityName="Keferstein" baseAuthorityYear="1862" box="[1144,1292,439,465]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Turritopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="419" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="polycirrha">
<emphasis id="B903EA991C163375425DC4DEA70969EF" box="[1144,1292,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="419">T. polycirrha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
seems to be a shallow-water boreal species only known in the North Sea,
<collectingCountry id="F360761B1C1633754579C4B2A1BC69CB" box="[860,953,475,501]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="7" pageNumber="419">England</collectingCountry>
and Normandy (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE64B7A1C1633754259C4B2A79269CB" author="Vervoort, W. &amp; Faasse, M." box="[1148,1431,475,501]" pageId="7" pageNumber="419" pagination="1 - 207" refId="ref45767" refString="Vervoort, W. &amp; Faasse, M. (2009) Overzicht van de Nederlandse Leptolida (= Hydroida) (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa). Nederlandse Faunistische Mededelingen, 32, 1 - 207." type="journal article" year="2009">Vervoort &amp; Faasse 2009</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE64B7A1C16337546B2C496A3496A27" author="Schuchert, P." box="[151,332,511,537]" pageId="7" pageNumber="419" pagination="1 - 364" refId="ref44871" refString="Schuchert, P. (2012) North-West European Athecate Hydroids and their Medusae. Synopses of the British Fauna, New Series, 59, 1 - 364." type="journal article" year="2012">Schuchert 2012</bibRefCitation>
), but never reported from the Lusitanian Province—argue that the Northwest African
<taxonomicName id="4C774D081C1633754304C496A7996A26" authorityName="McCrady" authorityYear="1857" box="[1313,1436,511,536]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Turritopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="419" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B903EA991C1633754304C496A7996A26" box="[1313,1436,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="419">Turritopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
could represent a different species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>