278 lines
38 KiB
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278 lines
38 KiB
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<document id="4BA6BDECCCEE592BC214FE1F28858ED4" ID-CLB-Dataset="9099" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4858.4.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="25f2c387-05da-4fda-b972-c2e42c5d4aa0" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4545548" ID-ZooBank="756651BE-B15F-4CB0-98EC-691B15193B96" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1609691200473" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Sokolov, Sergey G., Kalmykov, Alexander P. & Malysheva, Svetlana V." docDate="2020" docId="039D87E1FFAFB062FF25EAE8FB01B2AA" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4858.4.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4858 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Agrachanus Tikhomirova 1971" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="535" masterDocId="FFA4FF99FFA2B06CFFB2EF4EFF93B067" masterDocTitle="Phylogeny of dracunculoid nematodes (Chromadorea: Rhabditida: Spirurina Dracunculoidea) from some Eurasian freshwater fishes" masterLastPageNumber="541" masterPageNumber="521" pageNumber="534" updateTime="1698851636347" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="7D5E693CE880EA479E7922DDDFC6AD67">
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<mods:title id="9695DE91EBF15C8F246244578C9F43AE">Phylogeny of dracunculoid nematodes (Chromadorea: Rhabditida: Spirurina Dracunculoidea) from some Eurasian freshwater fishes</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="EEF4CA51741CE1A6833C0226261B1634" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="62A0BF1B0CC5AAAFFD82F186DEBE1CF7">Sokolov, Sergey G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="ED3615CC7DAFD6FE268D8D6E35BDAADA" type="ORCID">0000-0002-4822-966X</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="98611B66F53174A43753776640B8CCFA">Center of Parasitology A. N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii prospect, 33, Moscow, 119071, Russian Federation. & sokolovsg @ mail. ru; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4822 - 966 X</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="11A6134C345F90E7DFB9BF7615190797" type="email">sokolovsg@mail.ru</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="1AF4ED463138383AE269520E544459AE">Kalmykov, Alexander P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="0DA7EDABF8F8FF6A1E95CFF123252FFC" type="ORCID">0000-0003-0640-7963</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="A4C97D287773B93F3ADDDA49963F2968">Astrakhan Nature Reserve, Naberezhnaya Tsarev, 119, Astrakhan, 414021, Russian Federation.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name id="D2504528EC8CDD9F2F1BDF075C0F629C" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="04BEA6AF24957604FFA6F6906737FECD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="5675F51C0D9B8016C9F41E433A315EA8">Malysheva, Svetlana V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="53A8B1EA42E31715D8E47D89763EF110" type="ORCID">0000-0002-0615-7784</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="0661AB1C02068DDA8ABA73F8620C8D7C">Center of Parasitology A. N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii prospect, 33, Moscow, 119071, Russian Federation. & Landcare Research, 231 Morrin Road, Auckland, 1072, New Zealand.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="5A00809E9D709C8809FF14736E8AAC35">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="891DA44F87244C605C633E2436536E82">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="CB5EF74036272078F2BA2338D71402C9">
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<mods:date id="B402E1C9598C737067FA08A2C331B938">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="7B9CADBFEA76D2A085B6FF8468C1CC71">2020-10-02</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="6BCCDFA84E05C2A977C3DC70932A6011">4858</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="AEA13215FD8538DC950C9CB16151510C">4</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="82004213808747594E14E49DB2A011C6" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4858.4.3</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="039D87E1FFAFB062FF25EAE8FB01B2AA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4545403" ID-GBIF-Taxon="176419421" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4545403" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039D87E1FFAFB062FF25EAE8FB01B2AA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039D87E1FFAFB062FF25EAE8FB01B2AA" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="535" pageId="13" pageNumber="534">
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<subSubSection id="C32E657CFFAFB061FF25EAE8FD5DB5A6" box="[151,718,1446,1473]" pageId="13" pageNumber="534" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8B36F7FFAFB061FF25EAE8FD5DB5A6" blockId="13.[151,718,1446,1473]" box="[151,718,1446,1473]" pageId="13" pageNumber="534">
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<heading id="D0C3819BFFAFB061FF25EAE8FD5DB5A6" bold="true" box="[151,718,1446,1473]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="534" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B940EAE5FFAFB061FF25EAE8FD5DB5A6" bold="true" box="[151,718,1446,1473]" pageId="13" pageNumber="534">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C344D74FFAFB061FF5CEAE8FDE4B5A7" ID-CoL="9B4S2" authority="Tikhomirova, 1971" authorityName="Tikhomirova" authorityYear="1971" box="[238,631,1446,1473]" class="Chromadorea" family="Skrjabillanidae" genus="Agrachanus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="13" pageNumber="534" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B940EAE5FFAFB061FF5CEAE8FE11B5A6" bold="true" box="[238,386,1446,1473]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="534">Agrachanus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA54B06FFAFB061FE38EAE8FDE4B5A7" author="Tikhomirova, V. A." box="[394,631,1446,1472]" pageId="13" pageNumber="534" pagination="137 - 140" refId="ref15659" refString="Tikhomirova, V. A. (1971) Erection of a new genus of nematode, Agrachanus n. g. (Camallanata, Skrjabillanidae). Uchenye zapiski Kalininskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo institute, 89, 137 - 140. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1971">Tikhomirova, 1971</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B940EAE5FFAFB061FDCCEAE8FD5DB5A6" bold="true" box="[638,718,1446,1473]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="534">emend</emphasis>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32E657CFFAFB062FF25EAA1FB01B2AA" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="535" pageId="13" pageNumber="534" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B8B36F7FFAFB061FF25EAA1FB9CB6DA" blockId="13.[151,1436,1518,2015]" pageId="13" pageNumber="534">
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Diagnosis [based on
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA54B06FFAFB061FE30EAA1FDFBB66E" author="Tikhomirova, V. A." box="[386,616,1519,1545]" pageId="13" pageNumber="534" pagination="137 - 140" refId="ref15659" refString="Tikhomirova, V. A. (1971) Erection of a new genus of nematode, Agrachanus n. g. (Camallanata, Skrjabillanidae). Uchenye zapiski Kalininskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo institute, 89, 137 - 140. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1971">Tikhomirova (1971)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<emphasis id="B940EAE5FFAFB061FDC6EAA1FD4BB66E" box="[628,728,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="534">emended</emphasis>
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].
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<taxonomicName id="4C344D74FFAFB061FD5DEAA1FC0FB66E" authorityName="Shigin & Shigina" authorityYear="1958" box="[751,924,1519,1545]" class="Chromadorea" family="Skrjabillanidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="13" pageNumber="534" phylum="Nematoda" rank="family">Skrjabillanidae</taxonomicName>
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, Skrjabillaninae. Head end arch-shaped. Four external cephalic papillae, four internal cephalic papillae; amphids large. Buccal capsule well sclerotized, small, with three long esophageal teeth and three long teeth-like protrusions of basal part of capsule (onchi). Esophagus muscular, external esophageal gland well-developed. Tail of female with three small terminal processes. Caudal end of males with well-developed copulatory bursa and unpaired sclerotized copulatory plate. Five pairs of postcloacal genital papillae present, of which three pair sessile and two pairs pedunculated.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8B36F7FFAFB061FF75E989FEE5B762" blockId="13.[151,1436,1518,2015]" pageId="13" pageNumber="534">
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<typeStatus id="548F8855FFAFB061FF75E989FF6CB686" box="[199,255,1735,1761]" pageId="13" pageNumber="534">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C344D74FFAFB061FED7E989FC96B686" authority="Molnar, 1966" authorityName="Molnar" authorityYear="1966" box="[357,773,1735,1761]" class="Chromadorea" family="Skrjabillanidae" genus="Skrjabillanus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="13" pageNumber="534" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="scardinii">
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<emphasis id="B940EAE5FFAFB061FED7E989FDF7B686" box="[357,612,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="534">Skrjabillanus scardinii</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA54B06FFAFB061FDD9E989FC96B686" author="Molnar, K." box="[619,773,1735,1761]" pageId="13" pageNumber="534" pagination="143 - 158" refId="ref11241" refString="Molnar, K. (1966) On some little-known and new species of the genera Philometra and Skrjabillanus from fishes in Hungary. Acta veterinaria Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, 16 (2), 143 - 158." type="journal article" year="1966">Molnár, 1966</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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; the valid binomen is
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<taxonomicName id="4C344D74FFAFB061FC49E989FEE2B762" authority="(Molnar, 1966) Tikhomirova, 1971" authorityName="Tikhomirova" authorityYear="1971" baseAuthorityName="Molnar" baseAuthorityYear="1966" class="Chromadorea" family="Skrjabillanidae" genus="Agrachanus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="13" pageNumber="534" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="scardinii">
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<emphasis id="B940EAE5FFAFB061FC49E989FB7FB686" box="[1019,1260,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="534">Agrachanus scardinii</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA54B06FFAFB061FB48E989FA07B685" author="Molnar, K." box="[1274,1428,1735,1762]" pageId="13" pageNumber="534" pagination="143 - 158" refId="ref11241" refString="Molnar, K. (1966) On some little-known and new species of the genera Philometra and Skrjabillanus from fishes in Hungary. Acta veterinaria Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, 16 (2), 143 - 158." type="journal article" year="1966">Molnár, 1966</bibRefCitation>
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)
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA54B06FFAFB061FF25E9A5FEE2B762" author="Tikhomirova, V. A." box="[151,369,1771,1797]" pageId="13" pageNumber="534" pagination="137 - 140" refId="ref15659" refString="Tikhomirova, V. A. (1971) Erection of a new genus of nematode, Agrachanus n. g. (Camallanata, Skrjabillanidae). Uchenye zapiski Kalininskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo institute, 89, 137 - 140. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1971">Tikhomirova, 1971</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8B36F7FFAFB061FF75E841FE2EB716" blockId="13.[151,1436,1518,2015]" pageId="13" pageNumber="534">
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The taxonomic status of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C344D74FFAFB061FDB7E841FD31B74E" box="[517,674,1807,1833]" pageId="13" pageNumber="532" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Esocineminae">Esocineminae</taxonomicName>
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and the systematic position of the genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C344D74FFAFB061FBDDE841FB6DB74F" authorityName="Moravec, Vidal & Salgado-Maldonado" authorityYear="1992" box="[1135,1278,1807,1832]" class="Chromadorea" family="Daniconematidae" genus="Mexiconema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="13" pageNumber="534" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B940EAE5FFAFB061FBDDE841FB6DB74F" box="[1135,1278,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="534">Mexiconema</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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should not be reviewed before molecular data for the type-genus of the family
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<taxonomicName id="4C344D74FFAFB061FCDCE87DFBA6B72A" authorityName="Moravec & Koie" authorityYear="1987" box="[878,1077,1843,1869]" family="Daniconematidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="13" pageNumber="534" phylum="Nematoda" rank="family">Daniconematidae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C344D74FFAFB061FBF2E87DFF41B716" authority="Moravec & Koie, 1987" authorityName="Moravec & Koie" authorityYear="1987" class="Chromadorea" family="Daniconematidae" genus="Daniconema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="13" pageNumber="534" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B940EAE5FFAFB061FBF2E87DFB5CB72B" box="[1088,1231,1843,1868]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="534">Daniconema</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA54B06FFAFB061FB65E87DFF41B716" author="Moravec, F. & Koie, M." pageId="13" pageNumber="534" pagination="335 - 340" refId="ref12521" refString="Moravec, F. & Koie, M. (1987) Daniconema anguillae gen. et sp. n., a new nematode of a new family Daniconematidae fam. n. parasitic in European eels. Folia Parasitologica, 34 (4), 335 - 340." type="journal article" year="1987">Moravec & Køie, 1987</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, have been obtained.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8B36F7FFAFB062FF75E835FBAAB27E" blockId="13.[151,1436,1518,2015]" lastBlockId="14.[151,1437,151,717]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="535" pageId="13" pageNumber="534">
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The superfamily
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<taxonomicName id="4C344D74FFAFB061FE38E835FDA8B7F2" authorityName="Stiles" authorityYear="1907" box="[394,571,1915,1941]" class="Chromadorea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dracunculoidea" pageId="13" pageNumber="534" phylum="Nematoda" rank="order">Dracunculoidea</taxonomicName>
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belongs to the group
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<taxonomicName id="4C344D74FFAFB061FC84E835FC0DB7F2" authorityName="Railliet & Henry" authorityYear="1915" box="[822,926,1915,1941]" class="Chromadorea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="13" pageNumber="534" phylum="Nematoda" rank="subOrder" subOrder="Spirurina">Spirurina</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B940EAE5FFAFB061FC15E835FBD0B7F2" box="[935,1091,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="534">incertae sedis</emphasis>
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in
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA54B06FFAFB061FBD8E835FA0BB7F2" author="De Ley, P. & Blaxter, M. L." box="[1130,1432,1915,1941]" pageId="13" pageNumber="534" pagination="1 - 30" refId="ref9846" refString="De Ley, P. & Blaxter, M. L. (2002) Systematic position and phylogeny. In: Lee, D. L. (Ed.), The Biology of Nematodes. Tailor & Francis, London and New York, pp. 1 - 30." type="book chapter" year="2002">De Ley and Blaxter (2002</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA54B06FFAFB061FF25E8D1FF47B7DE" author="De Ley, P. & Blaxter, M. L." box="[151,212,1951,1977]" pageId="13" pageNumber="534" pagination="633 - 653" refId="ref9899" refString="De Ley, P. & Blaxter, M. L. (2004) A new system for Nematoda: combining morphological characters with molecular trees, and translating clades into ranks and taxa. Nematology Monographs and Perspectives, 2, 633 - 653." type="journal article" year="2004">2004</bibRefCitation>
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). However, the data for SSU rDNA sequences as well as analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome support
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<taxonomicName id="4C344D74FFAFB061FF7EE88DFEEEB7BA" authorityName="Stiles" authorityYear="1907" box="[204,381,1987,2013]" class="Chromadorea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dracunculoidea" pageId="13" pageNumber="534" phylum="Nematoda" rank="order">Dracunculoidea</taxonomicName>
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as a sister taxon to the Camallanoidea (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA54B06FFAFB061FC89E88DFB82B7BA" author="Wijova, M. & Moravec, F. & Horak, A. & Lukes J" box="[827,1041,1987,2013]" pageId="13" pageNumber="534" pagination="1067 - 1075" refId="ref15986" refString="Wijova, M., Moravec, F., Horak, A. & Lukes J (2006) Evolutionary relationships of Spirurina (Nematoda: Chromadorea: Rhab- ditida) with special emphasis on dracunculoid nematodes inferred from SSU rRNA gene sequences. International Journal for Parasitology, 36 (9), 1067 - 1075. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ijpara. 2006.04.005" type="journal article" year="2006">
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Wijová
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<emphasis id="B940EAE5FFAFB061FC24E88DFC54B7BA" box="[918,967,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="534">et al</emphasis>
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. 2006
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
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Nadler
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<emphasis id="B940EAE5FFAFB061FBC2E88DFB32B7BA" box="[1136,1185,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="534">et al</emphasis>
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. 2007
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA54B06FFAFB062FB44E88AFF64B0D6" author="Cernotikova, E. & Horak, A. & Moravec, F." lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="535" pageId="13" pageNumber="534" pagination="135 - 148" refId="ref9178" refString="Cernotikova, E., Horak, A. & Moravec, F. (2011) Phylogenetic relationships of some spirurine nematodes (Nematoda: Chro- madorea: Rhabditida: Spirurina) parasitic in fishes inferred from SSU rRNA gene sequences. Folia Parasitologica, 58 (2), 135 - 148. https: // doi. org / 10.14411 / fp. 2011.013" type="journal article" year="2011">
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Černotíková
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<emphasis id="B940EAE5FFAFB062FA3AE88DFF3EB0D6" italics="true" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="535" pageId="13" pageNumber="534">et al</emphasis>
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. 2011
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA54B06FFACB062FEB6EFD9FE71B0D6" author="Laetsch, D. R. & Heitlinger, E. G. & Taraschewski, H. & Nadler, S. A. & Blaxter, M. L." box="[260,482,151,177]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" pagination="60" refId="ref10646" refString="Laetsch, D. R., Heitlinger, E. G., Taraschewski, H., Nadler, S. A. & Blaxter, M. L. (2012) The phylogenetics of Anguillicolidae (Nematoda: Anguillicoloidea), swimbladder parasites of eels. BMC Evolutionary Biology, 12, 60. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / 1471 - 2148 - 12 - 60" type="journal article" year="2012">
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Laetsch
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<emphasis id="B940EAE5FFACB062FED6EFD9FE05B0D6" box="[356,406,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">et al</emphasis>
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. 2012
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA54B06FFACB062FE5CEFD9FCB7B0D6" author="Choudhury, A. & Nadler, S. A." box="[494,804,151,177]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" pagination="87 - 93" refId="ref9549" refString="Choudhury, A. & Nadler, S. A. (2016) Phylogenetic relationships of Cucullanidae (Nematoda), with observations on Seuratoidea and the monophyly of Cucullanus, Dichelyne and Truttaedacnitis. Journal of Parasitology, 102 (1), 87 - 93. https: // doi. org / 10.1645 / 15 - 806" type="journal article" year="2016">Choudhury & Nadler 2016</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA54B06FFACB062FC83EFD9FB11B0D6" author="Sokolov, S. G. & Malysheva, S. V." box="[817,1154,151,177]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" pagination="183 - 188" refId="ref15242" refString="Sokolov, S. G. & Malysheva, S. V. (2017 b) Molecular characterization of Ichtyobronema hamulatum (Moulton, 1931) (Nematoda: Quimperiidae), a common parasite of burbot Lota lota (Linnaeus) (Actinopterygii: Lotidae). Helminthologia, 54 (3), 183 - 188." type="journal article" year="2017">Sokolov & Malysheva 2017b</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA54B06FFACB062FB3DEFD9FAD0B0D6" author="Zou, H. & Jakovlic, I. & Chen, R. & Zhang, D. & Zhang, J. & Li, W. - X. & Wang, G. - T." box="[1167,1347,151,177]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" pagination="840" refId="ref16330" refString="Zou, H., Jakovlic, I., Chen, R., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Li, W. - X. & Wang, G. - T. (2017) The complete mitochondrial genome of parasitic nematode Camallanus cotti: extreme discontinuity in the rate of mitogenomic architecture evolution within the Chromadorea class. BMC Genomics, 18 (1), 840. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 12864 - 017 - 4237 - x" type="journal article" year="2017">
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Zou
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<emphasis id="B940EAE5FFACB062FB77EFD9FB64B0D6" box="[1221,1271,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">et al</emphasis>
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. 2017
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</bibRefCitation>
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), which corresponds to the traditional views on the systematics of rhabditid (secernentean) nematodes (e.g.
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA54B06FFACB062FB55EFF5FA04B0B2" author="Chitwood, B. G." box="[1255,1431,187,213]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" pagination="67 - 79" refId="ref9498" refString="Chitwood, B. G. (1937) A revised classification of the Nematoda. In: Anonymous (Ed.), Papers on Helminthology. 30 Year Jubilee K. I Skryabin. All-Union Lenin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Moscow, pp. 67 - 79." type="book chapter" year="1937">Chitwood 1937</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA54B06FFACB062FF25EF91FEEBB09E" author="Ivashkin, V. M. & Sobolev, A. A. & Khromova, L. A." box="[151,376,223,249]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" refId="ref10403" refString="Ivashkin, V. M., Sobolev, A. A. & Khromova, L. A. (1971) Camallanata of Animals and Man and the diseases caused by them. Essentials of Nematodology. Vol. XXII. Nauka, Moscow, 381 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1971">
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Ivashkin
|
|
<emphasis id="B940EAE5FFACB062FF4CEF91FEA3B09E" box="[254,304,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">et al</emphasis>
|
|
. 1971
|
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA54B06FFACB062FE36EF91FDBAB09E" author="Chabaud, A. G." box="[388,553,223,249]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" refId="ref9245" refString="Chabaud, A. G. (1974) Class Nematoda. Keys to subclasses, orders and superfamilies. In: Anderson, R. C., Chabaud, A. G. & Willmott, S. (Eds.), CIH Keys to nematode parasites of vertebrates. Vol. 1. Commonwealth Bureaux of Agriculture, Farnham Royal, Bucks, pp. 6 - 17." type="book" year="1974">Chabaud 1974</bibRefCitation>
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;
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|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA54B06FFACB062FD87EF91FD70B09E" author="Maggenti, A." box="[565,739,223,249]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" refId="ref10932" refString="Maggenti, A. (1981) General Nematology. Springer-Verlag, New York, 372 pp." type="book" year="1981">Maggenti 1981</bibRefCitation>
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). In the system by developed by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA54B06FFACB062FBE0EF91FAFCB09E" author="De Ley, P. & Blaxter, M. L." box="[1106,1391,223,249]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" pagination="633 - 653" refId="ref9899" refString="De Ley, P. & Blaxter, M. L. (2004) A new system for Nematoda: combining morphological characters with molecular trees, and translating clades into ranks and taxa. Nematology Monographs and Perspectives, 2, 633 - 653." type="journal article" year="2004">De Ley & Blaxter (2004)</bibRefCitation>
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|
, the Camallanoidea
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA54B06FFACB062FEF7EE4DFDD7B17A" author="Railliet, A. & Henry, A." box="[325,580,258,285]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" pagination="446 - 452" refId="ref14047" refString="Railliet, A. & Henry, A. (1915) Sur les Nematodes du genre Camallanus Raill. et Henry 1915 (Cucullanus Auct. non Mueller 1777). Bulletin de la Societe de pathologie exotique, 8, 446 - 452. [in French]" type="journal article" year="1915">Railliet & Henry, 1915</bibRefCitation>
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belongs to the infraorder
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C344D74FFACB062FCD0EE4DFAB2B17A" authority="De Ley & Blaxter, 2002" authorityName="De Ley & Blaxter" authorityYear="2002" box="[866,1313,259,285]" infraOrder="Spiruromorpha" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" rank="infraOrder">
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Spiruromorpha
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|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA54B06FFACB062FBA0EE4DFAB2B17A" author="De Ley, P. & Blaxter, M. L." box="[1042,1313,259,285]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" pagination="1 - 30" refId="ref9846" refString="De Ley, P. & Blaxter, M. L. (2002) Systematic position and phylogeny. In: Lee, D. L. (Ed.), The Biology of Nematodes. Tailor & Francis, London and New York, pp. 1 - 30." type="book chapter" year="2002">De Ley & Blaxter, 2002</bibRefCitation>
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|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA54B06FFACB062FA99EE4DFE97B126" author="Laetsch, D. R. & Heitlinger, E. G. & Taraschewski, H. & Nadler, S. A. & Blaxter, M. L." pageId="14" pageNumber="535" pagination="60" refId="ref10646" refString="Laetsch, D. R., Heitlinger, E. G., Taraschewski, H., Nadler, S. A. & Blaxter, M. L. (2012) The phylogenetics of Anguillicolidae (Nematoda: Anguillicoloidea), swimbladder parasites of eels. BMC Evolutionary Biology, 12, 60. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / 1471 - 2148 - 12 - 60" type="journal article" year="2012">
|
|
Laetsch
|
|
<emphasis id="B940EAE5FFACB062FA3AEE4DFF3EB126" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">et al</emphasis>
|
|
. (2012)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
placed
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C344D74FFACB062FEEBEE69FD99B126" authorityName="Stiles" authorityYear="1907" box="[345,522,295,321]" class="Chromadorea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dracunculoidea" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Nematoda" rank="order">Dracunculoidea</taxonomicName>
|
|
into the separate infraorder
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C344D74FFACB062FC8DEE69FE37B102" authority="Laetsch, Heitlinger, Taraschewski, Nadler & Blaxter, 2012" authorityName="Laetsch, Heitlinger, Taraschewski, Nadler & Blaxter" authorityYear="2012" class="Chromadorea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" infraOrder="Dracunculomorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Nematoda" rank="infraOrder">
|
|
Dracunculomorpha
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA54B06FFACB062FBAFEE69FE37B102" author="Laetsch, D. R. & Heitlinger, E. G. & Taraschewski, H. & Nadler, S. A. & Blaxter, M. L." pageId="14" pageNumber="535" pagination="60" refId="ref10646" refString="Laetsch, D. R., Heitlinger, E. G., Taraschewski, H., Nadler, S. A. & Blaxter, M. L. (2012) The phylogenetics of Anguillicolidae (Nematoda: Anguillicoloidea), swimbladder parasites of eels. BMC Evolutionary Biology, 12, 60. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / 1471 - 2148 - 12 - 60" type="journal article" year="2012">Laetsch, Heitlinger, Taraschewski, Nadler & Blaxter, 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA54B06FFACB062FE1DEE05FD0AB102" author="Roberts, L. & Janovy, J. & Nadler, S." box="[431,665,331,357]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" refId="ref14190" refString="Roberts, L., Janovy, J. & Nadler, S. (2013) Foundations of Parasitology. 9 th Edition. McGraw-Hill Education, New York, 688 pp." type="book" year="2013">
|
|
Roberts
|
|
<emphasis id="B940EAE5FFACB062FDBCEE05FDACB102" box="[526,575,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">et al</emphasis>
|
|
. (2013)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
shared this point of view, assigning Camallanoidea to the infraorder
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C344D74FFACB062FF25EE21FD4BB1EE" authority="Roberts, Janovy & Nadler, 2013" authorityName="Roberts, Janovy & Nadler" authorityYear="2013" box="[151,728,367,393]" class="Chromadorea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" infraOrder="Camallanomorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Nematoda" rank="infraOrder">
|
|
Camallanomorpha
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA54B06FFACB062FEDFEE21FD4BB1EE" author="Roberts, L. & Janovy, J. & Nadler, S." box="[365,728,367,393]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" refId="ref14190" refString="Roberts, L., Janovy, J. & Nadler, S. (2013) Foundations of Parasitology. 9 th Edition. McGraw-Hill Education, New York, 688 pp." type="book" year="2013">
|
|
Roberts, Janovy
|
|
<emphasis id="B940EAE5FFACB062FD95EE21FDAEB1EE" box="[551,573,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">&</emphasis>
|
|
Nadler, 2013
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. In our opinion, the
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C344D74FFACB062FC05EE21FBFBB1EE" authorityName="Stiles" authorityYear="1907" box="[951,1128,367,393]" class="Chromadorea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dracunculoidea" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Nematoda" rank="order">Dracunculoidea</taxonomicName>
|
|
and the Camallanoidea can be combined into the infraorder
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C344D74FFACB062FE4CEEDDFD42B1CA" authorityName="Roberts, Janovy & Nadler" authorityYear="2013" box="[510,721,403,429]" class="Chromadorea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" infraOrder="Camallanomorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Nematoda" rank="infraOrder">Camallanomorpha</taxonomicName>
|
|
. The
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C344D74FFACB062FCBEEEDDFC48B1CA" authorityName="Roberts, Janovy & Nadler" authorityYear="2013" box="[780,987,403,429]" class="Chromadorea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" infraOrder="Camallanomorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Nematoda" rank="infraOrder">Camallanomorpha</taxonomicName>
|
|
concept is consistent with that of suborders Camallanata
|
|
<emphasis id="B940EAE5FFACB062FEECEEF9FE0FB1B7" box="[350,412,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">sensu</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA54B06FFACB062FE10EEF9FCC5B1B6" author="Ivashkin, V. M. & Sobolev, A. A. & Khromova, L. A." box="[418,854,439,465]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" refId="ref10403" refString="Ivashkin, V. M., Sobolev, A. A. & Khromova, L. A. (1971) Camallanata of Animals and Man and the diseases caused by them. Essentials of Nematodology. Vol. XXII. Nauka, Moscow, 381 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1971">Ivashkin, Sobolev & Khromova, 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C344D74FFACB062FC39EEF9FA9DB1B6" authority="sensu Chabaud, 1974" authorityName="Chabaud" authorityYear="1974" box="[907,1294,439,465]" class="Chromadorea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Nematoda" rank="subOrder" subOrder="Camallanina">
|
|
Camallanina
|
|
<emphasis id="B940EAE5FFACB062FBACEEF9FBCFB1B7" box="[1054,1116,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">sensu</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA54B06FFACB062FBD1EEF9FA9DB1B6" author="Chabaud, A. G." box="[1123,1294,439,465]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" refId="ref9245" refString="Chabaud, A. G. (1974) Class Nematoda. Keys to subclasses, orders and superfamilies. In: Anderson, R. C., Chabaud, A. G. & Willmott, S. (Eds.), CIH Keys to nematode parasites of vertebrates. Vol. 1. Commonwealth Bureaux of Agriculture, Farnham Royal, Bucks, pp. 6 - 17." type="book" year="1974">Chabaud, 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, adjusted for angillicollids. According to modern data, anguillicolids have an affinity for gnathostomatoid nematodes (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA54B06FFACB062FA9CEE95FF64B27E" author="Wijova, M. & Moravec, F. & Horak, A. & Lukes J" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" pagination="1067 - 1075" refId="ref15986" refString="Wijova, M., Moravec, F., Horak, A. & Lukes J (2006) Evolutionary relationships of Spirurina (Nematoda: Chromadorea: Rhab- ditida) with special emphasis on dracunculoid nematodes inferred from SSU rRNA gene sequences. International Journal for Parasitology, 36 (9), 1067 - 1075. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ijpara. 2006.04.005" type="journal article" year="2006">
|
|
Wijová
|
|
<emphasis id="B940EAE5FFACB062FA3AEE95FF3EB27E" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">et al</emphasis>
|
|
. 2006
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA54B06FFACB062FEB0ED4EFD9FB27E" author="Cernotikova, E. & Horak, A. & Moravec, F." box="[258,524,511,539]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" pagination="135 - 148" refId="ref9178" refString="Cernotikova, E., Horak, A. & Moravec, F. (2011) Phylogenetic relationships of some spirurine nematodes (Nematoda: Chro- madorea: Rhabditida: Spirurina) parasitic in fishes inferred from SSU rRNA gene sequences. Folia Parasitologica, 58 (2), 135 - 148. https: // doi. org / 10.14411 / fp. 2011.013" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
|
Černotíková
|
|
<emphasis id="B940EAE5FFACB062FE21EEB1FE57B27E" box="[403,452,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">et al</emphasis>
|
|
. 2011
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA54B06FFACB062FDAAEEB1FD62B27E" author="Laetsch, D. R. & Heitlinger, E. G. & Taraschewski, H. & Nadler, S. A. & Blaxter, M. L." box="[536,753,511,537]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" pagination="60" refId="ref10646" refString="Laetsch, D. R., Heitlinger, E. G., Taraschewski, H., Nadler, S. A. & Blaxter, M. L. (2012) The phylogenetics of Anguillicolidae (Nematoda: Anguillicoloidea), swimbladder parasites of eels. BMC Evolutionary Biology, 12, 60. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / 1471 - 2148 - 12 - 60" type="journal article" year="2012">
|
|
Laetsch
|
|
<emphasis id="B940EAE5FFACB062FDC4EEB1FD34B27E" box="[630,679,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">et al</emphasis>
|
|
. 2012
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA54B06FFACB062FD4EEEB1FBBDB27E" author="Choudhury, A. & Nadler S. A." box="[764,1070,511,537]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" pagination="496 - 504" refId="ref9610" refString="Choudhury, A. & Nadler S. A. (2018) Phylogenetic relationships of spiruromorph nematodes (Spirurina: Spiruromorpha) in North American freshwater fishes. Journal of Parasitology, 104 (5), 496 - 504. https: // doi. org / 10.1645 / 17 - 195" type="journal article" year="2018">Choudhury & Nadler 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8B8B36F7FFACB062FF75ED6DFB01B2AA" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,717]" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">
|
|
In conclusion, we would like to note that molecular data from many freshwater nematodes of the genera
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C344D74FFACB062FAE4ED6DFF4BB207" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Philometra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B940EAE5FFACB062FAE4ED6DFF4BB207" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">Philometra</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C344D74FFACB062FEA6ED09FE2DB206" authorityName="Yamaguti" authorityYear="1935" box="[276,446,583,609]" class="Chromadorea" family="Philometridae" genus="Philometroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B940EAE5FFACB062FEA6ED09FE2DB206" box="[276,446,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">Philometroides</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
are still lacking. Moreover, even families such as
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C344D74FFACB062FBBBED09FB34B206" authorityName="Petter" authorityYear="1974" box="[1033,1191,583,609]" class="Chromadorea" family="Guyanemidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Nematoda" rank="family">Guyanemidae</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C344D74FFACB062FB04ED09FAF9B206" authorityName="Moravec, Molnar & Szekely" authorityYear="1998" box="[1206,1386,583,609]" class="Chromadorea" family="Lucionematidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Nematoda" rank="family">Lucionematidae</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C344D74FFACB062FF25ED25FE0DB2E2" authorityName="Sokolov" authorityYear="2010" box="[151,414,619,645]" class="Chromadorea" family="Steinertetanonematidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Nematoda" rank="family">Steinertetanonematidae</taxonomicName>
|
|
remain underrepresented in this respect. This information would be vitally important both for reconstructing the phylogeny of this group and for solving taxonomic problems associated with the polyphyly of the skrjabillanids and the polyphyletic origin of the genera
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C344D74FFACB062FC9FEDFDFC38B2AA" box="[813,939,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Philometra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B940EAE5FFACB062FC9FEDFDFC38B2AA" box="[813,939,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">Philometra</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C344D74FFACB062FC53EDFDFB18B2AA" authorityName="Yamaguti" authorityYear="1935" box="[993,1163,691,717]" class="Chromadorea" family="Philometridae" genus="Philometroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="14" pageNumber="535" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B940EAE5FFACB062FC53EDFDFB18B2AA" box="[993,1163,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="535">Philometroides</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |