548 lines
71 KiB
XML
548 lines
71 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="5FAFA4F3DD4FC752AF138C77B6456B11">Argiope hoiseni, a new species of the spider genus Argiope (Araneae, Araneidae) from Peninsular Malaysia based on morphology and molecular analyses</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="5862DDA32A1B38EA00101882E4511FD7" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="BCEBC42B055BD5CAC8010C0BE312904B">Tan, Ji</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="CE5A63D9DB6D7B5C2E752C193BDEC1FB">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="DAE3903072E7F099629C3F734E6AE3DF">
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<mods:date id="1E05D81F5D6E84D50639A1BE714BEE68">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="5A8300E645CE04EE6CFAA9E82D79A4BE">2018-08-07</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="2E3707C96C3EF491D93E8E6591577BCF">4457</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="47EDDE1E49465ADBED9560020980CE3B" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4457.1.6</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F45A35FF9BFFE3C0B1FDA13EAEFE81" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5990881" ID-GBIF-Taxon="148691918" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5990881" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F45A35FF9BFFE3C0B1FDA13EAEFE81" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F45A35FF9BFFE3C0B1FDA13EAEFE81" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="136" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
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<subSubSection id="C347B8A8FF9BFFE0C0B1FDA13B5CFD65" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE2EB23FF9BFFE0C0B1FDA13BBCFD42" blockId="4.[151,493,617,677]" box="[151,493,617,643]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF9BFFE0C0B1FDA13B07FD42" ID-CoL="GH2T" authority="Tan, 2018" authorityName="Tan" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,342,617,643]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hoiseni" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B9293731FF9BFFE0C0B1FDA13B07FD42" bold="true" box="[151,342,617,643]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Argiope hoiseni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21A8A4AFF9BFFE0C17BFDA13BBCFD42" box="[349,493,617,643]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE2EB23FF9BFFE0C0B1FD443B5CFD65" blockId="4.[151,493,617,677]" box="[151,269,652,677]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
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<figureCitation id="1366F7A6FF9BFFE0C0B1FD443B5CFD65" box="[151,269,652,677]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1–5" captionStart-1="FIGURES 6–12" captionStartId-0="5.[151,264,1470,1493]" captionStartId-1="6.[151,264,1298,1321]" captionTargetBox-0="[169,1420,353,1427]" captionTargetBox-1="[331,1232,455,1249]" captionTargetId-0="figure@5.[151,1436,339,1447]" captionTargetId-1="figure@6.[276,1287,443,1275]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionText-0="FIGURES 1–5. Argiope hoiseni n. sp. 1, Dorsal view of holotype female (UIR181018-AHOI1) and linear-type web stabilimentum. 2, Ventral view. 3, Egg sac. 4, Gravid female (paratype UIR081216-AHOI4) in resting position. 5, Young female cleaning its fangs (paratype UIR040815-AHOI2)." captionText-1="FIGURES 6–12. Argiope hoiseni n. sp., female. 6, Dorsal habitus. 7, Ventral habitus. 8, Epigynum, ventral view. 9, Posteroventral view. 10, Lateral view. 11, Posterior view showing copulatory openings (arrows). 12, Dorsal view. Abbreviations: FD, fertilization duct. Scale bars, 6–7, 1mm; 8–12, 0.1mm." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/1457633/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/1457635/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Figs. 1–12</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C347B8A8FF9BFFE0C0B1FD1C3F2CFCBC" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BE2EB23FF9BFFE0C0B1FD1C3F2CFCBC" blockId="4.[151,1437,724,2009]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
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<materialsCitation id="3B35E17EFF9BFFE0C0B1FD1C38A7FCF5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1917076054" collectingDate="2014-10-18" collectionCode="UTAR" collectorName="Tan J. & Insect Repository & Kampar" country="Malaysia" latitude="3.3311582" location="Sungai Tua" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="101.70199" municipality="Ulu Yam" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" specimenCode="AHOI1" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Selangor" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B9293731FF9BFFE0C0B1FD1C3B10FD2C" bold="true" box="[151,321,724,749]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
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<typeStatus id="54E65581FF9BFFE0C0B1FD1C3A83FD2C" box="[151,210,724,749]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Type</typeStatus>
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material
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</emphasis>
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.
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<typeStatus id="54E65581FF9BFFE0C175FD1C3BEAFD2C" box="[339,443,724,749]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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female (UIR
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<date id="FFE3CDE3FF9BFFE0C27EFD1C38E1FD2D" box="[600,688,724,748]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" value="14-10-18">181014</date>
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||
-
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||
<specimenCode id="DBFB4358FF9BFFE0C29EFD1C395CFD2D" box="[696,781,724,748]" collectionCode="AHOI" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">AHOI1</specimenCode>
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||
): PENINSULAR
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<collectingCountry id="F34AABB3FF9BFFE0C3FDFD1C3E20FD2D" box="[987,1137,724,748]" name="Malaysia" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">MALAYSIA</collectingCountry>
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||
:
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||
<collectingRegion id="499925C1FF9BFFE0C458FD1C3EB2FD2C" box="[1150,1251,724,749]" country="Malaysia" name="Selangor" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Selangor</collectingRegion>
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||
,
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||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B867159FF9BFFE0C4D4FD1C3F0FFD2D" box="[1266,1374,724,749]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Ulu Yam</collectingMunicipality>
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||
, near
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||
<location id="8E82BDF8FF9BFFE0C0B1FD303B47FCD1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F45A35FF9BFFE3C0B1FDA13EAEFE81:8E82BDF8FF9BFFE0C0B1FD303B47FCD1" box="[151,278,760,785]" country="Malaysia" latitude="3.3311582" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="101.70199" municipality="Ulu Yam" name="Sungai Tua" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" stateProvince="Selangor">Sungai Tua</location>
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waterfall (
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE698DE4FF9BFFE0C1A8FD303868FCD0" box="[398,569,760,785]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" precision="1" value="3.3311582">03°19'52.17"N</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE698DE4FF9BFFE0C262FD3038BAFCD0" box="[580,747,760,785]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" precision="1" value="101.70199">101°42'7.16"E</geoCoordinate>
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||
), collected
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||
<collectingDate id="EFA7340BFF9BFFE0C34CFD303E79FCD1" box="[874,1064,760,785]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" value="2014-10-18">
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||
<date id="FFE3CDE3FF9BFFE0C34CFD303E79FCD1" box="[874,1064,760,785]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" value="2014-10-18">18 October 2014</date>
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||
</collectingDate>
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||
,
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<collectorName id="26A88EF5FF9BFFE0C415FD313E24FCD1" box="[1075,1141,761,784]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Tan J.</collectorName>
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||
(deposited in the arachnid collection of
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||
<collectionCode id="ED4C73E6FF9BFFE0C10DFCD43B24FCF5" box="[299,373,796,820]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">UTAR</collectionCode>
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||
<collectorName id="26A88EF5FF9BFFE0C15BFCD53810FCF4" box="[381,577,796,821]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Insect Repository</collectorName>
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||
(UIR),
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||
<collectorName id="26A88EF5FF9BFFE0C2BCFCD538A7FCF5" box="[666,758,797,820]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Kampar</collectorName>
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
,
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B35E17EFF9BFFE0C327FCD43919FC98" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1917076056" collectingDate="2015-10-18" collectionCode="AHOI" collectorName="Tan J." country="Malaysia" latitude="3.3311582" location="Sungai Tua" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="101.70199" municipality="Ulu Yam" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" specimenCode="AHOI3, 4, 5" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3" stateProvince="Perak" typeStatus="paratype">
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||
<collectingRegion id="499925C1FF9BFFE0C327FCD43915FCF4" box="[769,836,796,821]" country="Malaysia" name="Perak" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Perak</collectingRegion>
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||
,
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||
<collectingCountry id="F34AABB3FF9BFFE0C369FCD439EAFCF4" box="[847,955,796,821]" name="Malaysia" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
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||
).
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||
<typeStatus id="54E65581FF9BFFE0C3E8FCD53E6AFCF4" box="[974,1083,797,821]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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||
(same locality as holotype):
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||
<collectingDate id="EFA7340BFF9BFFE0C5A6FCD43B67FC98" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" value="2015-10-18">
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||
<date id="FFE3CDE3FF9BFFE0C5A6FCD43B67FC98" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" value="2015-10-18">18 October 2015</date>
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||
</collectingDate>
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||
,
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||
<collectorName id="26A88EF5FF9BFFE0C162FC893BDAFC99" box="[324,395,833,856]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Tan J.</collectorName>
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||
,
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||
<specimenCount id="9D5B20AAFF9BFFE0C1BCFC883858FC98" box="[410,521,832,857]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" type="female">3 females</specimenCount>
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||
(UIR
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<date id="FFE3CDE3FF9BFFE0C268FC8838F2FC98" box="[590,675,832,857]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" value="15-10-18">181015</date>
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||
-
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<specimenCode id="DBFB4358FF9BFFE0C28DFC883950FC98" box="[683,769,832,857]" collectionCode="AHOI" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">AHOI3</specimenCode>
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||
,
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||
<specimenCode id="DBFB4358FF9BFFE0C329FC88394EFC99" box="[783,799,832,856]" collectionCode="AHOI" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">4</specimenCode>
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||
,
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||
<specimenCode id="DBFB4358FF9BFFE0C308FC88396FFC98" box="[814,830,832,857]" collectionCode="AHOI" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">5</specimenCode>
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||
)
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B35E17EFF9BFFE0C370FC883F28FCBC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1917076065" collectingDate="2015-08-04" collectionCode="AHOI" collectorName="Tan J." country="Malaysia" latitude="4.342461" location="Sungai Salu" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="101.19217" municipality="Kampar" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" specimenCode="AHOI2" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Perak" typeStatus="paratype">
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||
PENINSULAR
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||
<collectingCountry id="F34AABB3FF9BFFE0C428FC883EF5FC99" box="[1038,1188,832,856]" name="Malaysia" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">MALAYSIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499925C1FF9BFFE0C497FC883EA5FC98" box="[1201,1268,832,857]" country="Malaysia" name="Perak" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Perak</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B867159FF9BFFE0C524FC893F0FFC99" box="[1282,1374,833,856]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Kampar</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, near
|
||
<location id="8E82BDF8FF9BFFE0C0B1FCAC3B4FFCBC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F45A35FF9BFFE3C0B1FDA13EAEFE81:8E82BDF8FF9BFFE0C0B1FCAC3B4FFCBC" box="[151,286,868,893]" country="Malaysia" latitude="4.342461" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="101.19217" municipality="Kampar" name="Sungai Salu" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" stateProvince="Perak">Sungai Salu</location>
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||
waterfall (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE698DE4FF9BFFE0C1B1FCAC3813FCBC" box="[407,578,868,893]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" precision="1" value="4.342461">04°20'32.86"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE698DE4FF9BFFE0C26BFCAC3950FCBD" box="[589,769,868,892]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" precision="1" value="101.19217">101°11'31.80"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
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||
<collectingDate id="EFA7340BFF9BFFE0C333FCAC39ECFCBC" box="[789,957,868,893]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" value="2015-08-04">
|
||
<date id="FFE3CDE3FF9BFFE0C333FCAC39ECFCBC" box="[789,957,868,893]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" value="2015-08-04">4 August 2015</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26A88EF5FF9BFFE0C3EEFCAD3E5DFCBD" box="[968,1036,869,892]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Tan J.</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D5B20AAFF9BFFE0C43EFCAC3E2BFCBC" box="[1048,1146,868,893]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
(UIR
|
||
<date id="FFE3CDE3FF9BFFE0C49DFCAC3F43FCBC" box="[1211,1298,868,893]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" value="15-04-08">040815</date>
|
||
-
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBFB4358FF9BFFE0C53CFCAC3F20FCBC" box="[1306,1393,868,893]" collectionCode="AHOI" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">AHOI2</specimenCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C347B8A8FF9BFFE0C0E1FC4038ADFC04" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE2EB23FF9BFFE0C0E1FC4038ADFC04" blockId="4.[151,1437,724,2009]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF9BFFE0C0E1FC403B17FC60" bold="true" box="[199,326,904,929]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
. The species epithet is dedicated to Prof. Emeritus Dr. Yong Hoi Sen for his vast contributions in the fields of arachnology and entomology in
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<collectingCountry id="F34AABB3FF9BFFE0C2A8FC6438A9FC04" box="[654,760,940,965]" name="Malaysia" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C347B8A8FF9BFFE0C0E1FC183829FAB5" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE2EB23FF9BFFE0C0E1FC183829FAB5" blockId="4.[151,1437,724,2009]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF9BFFE0C0E1FC183B6BFC28" bold="true" box="[199,314,976,1001]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
. The relatively small sizes (<
|
||
<quantity id="4CA546C6FF9BFFE0C2BAFC1838A4FC29" box="[668,757,976,1000]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" unit="mm" value="8.2">8.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
body length) of mature female individuals as well as their unique, dull-colored dorsal opisthosoma with two anterolateral humps and multiple horizontally interspersed black spots (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1366F7A6FF9BFFE0C0C5FBD03B7BFBF1" box="[227,298,1048,1073]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–5" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1470,1493]" captionTargetBox="[169,1420,353,1427]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,339,1447]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 1–5. Argiope hoiseni n. sp. 1, Dorsal view of holotype female (UIR181018-AHOI1) and linear-type web stabilimentum. 2, Ventral view. 3, Egg sac. 4, Gravid female (paratype UIR081216-AHOI4) in resting position. 5, Young female cleaning its fangs (paratype UIR040815-AHOI2)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457633/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
) separate this species from all other small-sized and showy
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF9BFFE0C3C9FBD03E19FBEE" authorityName="Audouin" authorityYear="1826" box="[1007,1096,1048,1071]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF9BFFE0C3C9FBD03E19FBEE" box="[1007,1096,1048,1071]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Argiope</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, i.e.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF9BFFE0C4ABFBD03F5CFBF1" authorityName="Schenkel" authorityYear="1944" box="[1165,1293,1048,1072]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="buehleri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF9BFFE0C4ABFBD03F5CFBF1" box="[1165,1293,1048,1072]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">A. buehleri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF9BFFE0C539FBD03B6FFB95" authority="Rainbow 1908" authorityName="Rainbow" authorityYear="1908" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bullocki">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF9BFFE0C539FBD03FCDFBF1" box="[1311,1436,1048,1072]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">A. bullocki</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC96D2FF9BFFE0C0B1FBF43B6FFB95" box="[151,318,1084,1109]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" refId="ref6790" refString="Rainbow, W. J. (1908) Studies in Australian Araneidae. No. 5. Records of the Australian Museum, 7, 44 - 50. https: // doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.7.1908.950" type="journal article">Rainbow 1908</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF9BFFE0C16CFBF4380DFB95" authority="Levi, 1983" authorityName="Levi" authorityYear="1983" box="[330,604,1084,1109]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caledonia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF9BFFE0C16CFBF43B86FB95" box="[330,471,1084,1108]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">A. caledonia</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC96D2FF9BFFE0C1F9FBF4380DFB95" box="[479,604,1084,1109]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" refId="ref6259" refString="Levi, H. W. (1983) The orb-weaver genera Argiope, Gea, and Neogea from the western Pacific region (Araneae: Araneidae, Argiopinae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard college, 150, 247 - 338." type="journal article">Levi, 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF9BFFE0C241FBF4388EFB95" authorityName="Thorell" authorityYear="1877" box="[615,735,1084,1108]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chloreis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF9BFFE0C241FBF4388EFB95" box="[615,735,1084,1108]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">A. chloreis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF9BFFE0C2C8FBF4392CFB95" authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1911" box="[750,893,1084,1108]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="doboensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF9BFFE0C2C8FBF4392CFB95" box="[750,893,1084,1108]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">A. doboensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF9BFFE0C3AAFBF43E3AFB95" authority="Levi, 1983" authorityName="Levi" authorityYear="1983" box="[908,1131,1084,1109]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kochi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF9BFFE0C3AAFBF439B8FB95" box="[908,1001,1084,1108]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">A. kochi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC96D2FF9BFFE0C3C9FBF43E3AFB95" box="[1007,1131,1084,1109]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" refId="ref6259" refString="Levi, H. W. (1983) The orb-weaver genera Argiope, Gea, and Neogea from the western Pacific region (Araneae: Araneidae, Argiopinae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard college, 150, 247 - 338." type="journal article">Levi, 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF9BFFE0C451FBF43F29FB95" authority="Levi, 1983" authorityName="Levi" authorityYear="1983" box="[1143,1400,1084,1109]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mascodi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF9BFFE0C451FBF43EA5FB95" box="[1143,1268,1084,1108]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">A. mascodi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC96D2FF9BFFE0C4DAFBF43F29FB95" box="[1276,1400,1084,1109]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" refId="ref6259" refString="Levi, H. W. (1983) The orb-weaver genera Argiope, Gea, and Neogea from the western Pacific region (Araneae: Araneidae, Argiopinae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard college, 150, 247 - 338." type="journal article">Levi, 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF9BFFE0C5A2FBF43BC4FBB9" authority="Karsch, 1879" authorityName="Karsch" authorityYear="1879" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minuta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF9BFFE0C5A2FBF43AB4FBB9" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">A. minuta</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC96D2FF9BFFE0C0D2FBA83BC4FBB9" box="[244,405,1120,1145]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" refId="ref5919" refString="Karsch, F. (1879) Baustoffe zu einer Spinnenfauna von Japan. Lerhandlungen des Naturhistorischen Lereins der Preussischen Rheinlande und Westfalens, 36, 57 - 105." type="journal article">Karsch, 1879</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF9BFFE0C18EFBA83867FBB9" authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1907" box="[424,566,1120,1144]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="niasensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF9BFFE0C18EFBA83867FBB9" box="[424,566,1120,1144]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">A. niasensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF9BFFE0C26AFBA839FEFBB9" authority="L. Koch, 1871" authorityName="L. Koch" authorityYear="1871" box="[588,943,1120,1145]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ocyaloides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF9BFFE0C26AFBA838BDFBB9" box="[588,748,1120,1144]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">A. ocyaloides</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC96D2FF9BFFE0C2DDFBA939FEFBB9" box="[763,943,1120,1145]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" refId="ref5949" refString="Koch, L. (1871) Die Arachniden Australiens, nach der Natur beschrieben und abgebildet. Lol. 1. Bauer & Raspe, Nurnberg, 104 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 121660" type="book">L. Koch, 1871</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF9BFFE0C3E2FBA83F4CFBB8" authority="Schenkel, 1963" authorityName="Schenkel" authorityYear="1963" box="[964,1309,1120,1145]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perforata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF9BFFE0C3E2FBA83E07FBB9" box="[964,1110,1120,1144]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">A. perforata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC96D2FF9BFFE0C442FBA83F4CFBB8" box="[1124,1309,1120,1145]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" refId="ref6931" refString="Schenkel, E. (1963) Ostasiatische Spinnen aus dem Museum d'Histoire naturelle de Paris. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris, A (Zoology), 25, 1 - 481." type="journal article">Schenkel, 1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF9BFFE0C516FBA83B38FB5D" authority="Chrysanthus, 1971" authorityName="Chrysanthus" authorityYear="1971" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="takum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF9BFFE0C516FBA83FCDFBB9" box="[1328,1436,1120,1144]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">A. takum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC96D2FF9BFFE0C0B1FB4C3B38FB5D" box="[151,361,1156,1181]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" refId="ref5570" refString="Chrysanthus, P. (1971) Further notes on the spiders of New Guinea I (Argyopidae). Zoologische Lerhandelingen, 113, 1 - 52." type="journal article">Chrysanthus, 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF9BFFE0C186FB4C3820FB5D" authority="Levi, 1983" authorityName="Levi" authorityYear="1983" box="[416,625,1156,1181]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="truk">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF9BFFE0C186FB4C3BBDFB5D" box="[416,492,1156,1180]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">A. truk</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC96D2FF9BFFE0C1D2FB4C3820FB5D" box="[500,625,1156,1181]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" refId="ref6259" refString="Levi, H. W. (1983) The orb-weaver genera Argiope, Gea, and Neogea from the western Pacific region (Araneae: Araneidae, Argiopinae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard college, 150, 247 - 338." type="journal article">Levi, 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In terms of epigynal structure,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF9BFFE0C3F1FB4C3E16FB5D" authorityName="Tan" authorityYear="2018" box="[983,1095,1156,1180]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hoiseni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF9BFFE0C3F1FB4C3E16FB5D" box="[983,1095,1156,1180]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">A. hoiseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
bears some resemblance to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF9BFFE0C5A2FB4C3B62FB01" authorityName="Yin, Peng & Wang" authorityYear="1994" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jinghongensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF9BFFE0C5A2FB4C3B62FB01" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">A. jinghongensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Figs.
|
||
<quantity id="4CA546C6FF9BFFE0C1A6FB603BBDFB00" box="[384,492,1192,1217]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5654000000000003" metricValueMax="2.7178000000000004" metricValueMin="2.4130000000000003" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" unit="in" value="101.0" valueMax="107.0" valueMin="95.0">95-107 in</quantity>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC96D2FF9BFFE0C1D5FB613820FB01" box="[499,625,1192,1217]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" refId="ref5826" refString="Jager, P. (2012) A review on the spider genus Argiope Audouin 1826 with special emphasis on broken emboli in female s (Araneae: Araneidae: Argiopinae). Beitrage zur Araneologie, 7, 272 - 331." type="journal article">Jäger 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF9BFFE0C2A5FB6038BCFB01" baseAuthorityName="Walckenaer" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[643,749,1192,1216]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luzona">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF9BFFE0C2A5FB6038BCFB01" box="[643,749,1192,1216]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">A. luzona</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Figs.
|
||
<quantity id="4CA546C6FF9BFFE0C31CFB6039E8FB00" box="[826,953,1192,1217]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.816599999999999" metricValueMax="5.8674" metricValueMin="5.7658" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" unit="in" value="229.0" valueMax="231.0" valueMin="227.0">227–231 in</quantity>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC96D2FF9BFFE0C399FB603E65FB01" box="[959,1076,1192,1217]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" refId="ref6259" refString="Levi, H. W. (1983) The orb-weaver genera Argiope, Gea, and Neogea from the western Pacific region (Araneae: Araneidae, Argiopinae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard college, 150, 247 - 338." type="journal article">Levi 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF9BFFE0C46FFB603E9EFB01" authorityName="Thorell" authorityYear="1881" box="[1097,1231,1192,1216]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulchella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF9BFFE0C46FFB603E9EFB01" box="[1097,1231,1192,1216]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">A. pulchella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Figs.
|
||
<quantity id="4CA546C6FF9BFFE0C53BFB603FCDFB00" box="[1309,1436,1192,1217]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.1595" metricValueMax="6.2738" metricValueMin="6.0451999999999995" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" unit="in" value="242.5" valueMax="247.0" valueMin="238.0">238–247 in</quantity>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC96D2FF9BFFE0C0B1FB043B5CFB25" box="[151,269,1228,1253]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" refId="ref6259" refString="Levi, H. W. (1983) The orb-weaver genera Argiope, Gea, and Neogea from the western Pacific region (Araneae: Araneidae, Argiopinae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard college, 150, 247 - 338." type="journal article">Levi 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF9BFFE0C177FB043855FB25" box="[337,516,1228,1252]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taprobranica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF9BFFE0C177FB043855FB25" box="[337,516,1228,1252]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">A. taprobranica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Figs.
|
||
<quantity id="4CA546C6FF9BFFE0C275FB043882FB24" box="[595,723,1228,1253]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6896" metricValueMax="5.740399999999999" metricValueMin="5.6388" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" unit="in" value="224.0" valueMax="226.0" valueMin="222.0">222–226 in</quantity>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC96D2FF9BFFE0C2FCFB04391FFB25" box="[730,846,1228,1253]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" refId="ref6259" refString="Levi, H. W. (1983) The orb-weaver genera Argiope, Gea, and Neogea from the western Pacific region (Araneae: Araneidae, Argiopinae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard college, 150, 247 - 338." type="journal article">Levi 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF9BFFE0C380FB043E76FB25" baseAuthorityName="Walckenaer" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[934,1063,1228,1252]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aetherea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF9BFFE0C380FB043E76FB25" box="[934,1063,1228,1252]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">A. aetherea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group characterized by a relatively narrow epigynal rim and septum that extends into a prominent and protruding posterior plate in ventral view. However, this species but can be differentiated based on (i) the ventrally flat epigynum with a relatively thick rim and (ii) septum that broadens into a posterior plate with rounded edges in ventral view and with a median indentation in posteroventral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1366F7A6FF9BFFE0C200FA94383BFAB5" box="[550,618,1372,1397]" captionStart="FIGURES 6–12" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1298,1321]" captionTargetBox="[331,1232,455,1249]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[276,1287,443,1275]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 6–12. Argiope hoiseni n. sp., female. 6, Dorsal habitus. 7, Ventral habitus. 8, Epigynum, ventral view. 9, Posteroventral view. 10, Lateral view. 11, Posterior view showing copulatory openings (arrows). 12, Dorsal view. Abbreviations: FD, fertilization duct. Scale bars, 6–7, 1mm; 8–12, 0.1mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457635/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C347B8A8FF9BFFE1C0E1FA483F70F9B7" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="134" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE2EB23FF9BFFE0C0E1FA483977F98C" blockId="4.[151,1437,724,2009]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF9BFFE0C0E1FA483B00FA58" bold="true" box="[199,337,1408,1433]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Description</emphasis>
|
||
. Female (
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E65581FF9BFFE0C1EBFA483865FA58" box="[461,564,1408,1433]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
; male unknown). PL 3.1, PW 2.8, OL 4.3, OW 4.2. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.14, ALE 0.10, PME 0.18, PLE 0.14, AME-AME 0.13, AME-ALE 0.30, PME-PME 0.20, PME-PLE 0.31, AME-PME 0.31, ALE-PLE 0.01, clypeus AME 0.15, clypeus ALE 0.10. Leg and pedipalps measurement: pedipalps 2.9 (1.0, 0.4, 0.5, -, 1.0), leg I 15.6 (4.1, 1.5, 3.3, 5.5, 1.2), leg II 14.3 (4.1, 1.7, 3.2, 4.1, 1.2), leg III 7.7 (2.8, 0.9, 1.4, 1.8, 0.8), leg IV 13.2 (4.4, 1.3, 2.6, 3.8, 1.1). Leg formula 1243. Chelicerae length 1.1, 3 anterior teeth, 4 posterior teeth; palpal claw with 8 teeth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE2EB23FF9BFFE0C0E1F9903F1AF8C0" blockId="4.[151,1437,724,2009]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
|
||
Female genitalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1366F7A6FF9BFFE0C1BDF990384DF9B1" box="[411,540,1624,1649]" captionStart="FIGURES 6–12" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1298,1321]" captionTargetBox="[331,1232,455,1249]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[276,1287,443,1275]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 6–12. Argiope hoiseni n. sp., female. 6, Dorsal habitus. 7, Ventral habitus. 8, Epigynum, ventral view. 9, Posteroventral view. 10, Lateral view. 11, Posterior view showing copulatory openings (arrows). 12, Dorsal view. Abbreviations: FD, fertilization duct. Scale bars, 6–7, 1mm; 8–12, 0.1mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457635/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Figs. 8–12</figureCitation>
|
||
): Epigynum wide in ventral view, angular in lateral view, with a wide and relatively thick rim that curves posteriorly. Septum narrow and broadens into a posterior plate with rounded edges in ventral view and with a median indentation in posteroventral view, the continuation of posterior plate extends dorsally and fills the depressions almost completely. Openings more visible in posteroventral and ventrolateral views. Spermathecae elongated oval, somewhat parallel; fertilization ducts folded and originate posteriorly.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE2EB23FF9BFFE1C0E1F8C43F74FEDD" blockId="4.[151,1437,724,2009]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1436,151,285]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="134" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF9BFFE0C0E1F8C43B94F8E4" bold="true" box="[199,453,1804,1829]" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Somatic morphology</emphasis>
|
||
. Carapace brown and thoroughly covered with dense greyish setae, partly radial markings, fovea indistinct. Sternum pale yellow with darker borders, with three pairs of lateral humps and one less conspicuous posterior hump, anterolateral humps dark brown (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1366F7A6FF9BFFE0C37EF89C39C6F8AD" box="[856,919,1876,1901]" captionStart="FIGURES 6–12" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1298,1321]" captionTargetBox="[331,1232,455,1249]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[276,1287,443,1275]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 6–12. Argiope hoiseni n. sp., female. 6, Dorsal habitus. 7, Ventral habitus. 8, Epigynum, ventral view. 9, Posteroventral view. 10, Lateral view. 11, Posterior view showing copulatory openings (arrows). 12, Dorsal view. Abbreviations: FD, fertilization duct. Scale bars, 6–7, 1mm; 8–12, 0.1mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457635/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="133">Fig 7</figureCitation>
|
||
). Labium, maxilla and chelicerae pale brown. Coxae I–II pale brown, partly with small black patches, Coxa III black, coxa IV mostly pale brown. Legs densely hirsute with alternating bands of pale and dark brown, orderly arranged dark spots at base of most leg spines, numerous short spines on proximal segments and long spines at distal segments; spines mostly pale brown with black base or entirely black; ventral black patches on femur and patella I–IV, proximal tibia and distal metatarsus brighter. Dorsal opisthosoma yellowish brown with multiple horizontally interspersed black spots, becoming darker posteriorly, anterolateral humps pale yellow, sigilla black; ventrally strikingly marked with black and white bands and six white spots, surrounded by yellowish white longitudinal bands; spinnerets brown (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1366F7A6FF9AFFE1C4F4FECC3F46FEDD" box="[1234,1303,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–5" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1470,1493]" captionTargetBox="[169,1420,353,1427]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,339,1447]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 1–5. Argiope hoiseni n. sp. 1, Dorsal view of holotype female (UIR181018-AHOI1) and linear-type web stabilimentum. 2, Ventral view. 3, Egg sac. 4, Gravid female (paratype UIR081216-AHOI4) in resting position. 5, Young female cleaning its fangs (paratype UIR040815-AHOI2)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457633/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF22BBABFF9AFFE1C0B1FA76388AF9D3" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457633/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="134" startId="5.[151,264,1470,1493]" targetBox="[169,1420,353,1427]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE2EB23FF9AFFE1C0B1FA76388AF9D3" blockId="5.[151,1435,1470,1554]" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF9AFFE1C0B1FA763B6AFA15" bold="true" box="[151,315,1470,1493]" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">FIGURES 1–5</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF9AFFE1C168FA083BA4FA14" authority="Tan, 2018" authorityName="Tan" authorityYear="2018" box="[334,501,1471,1493]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hoiseni" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF9AFFE1C168FA083BA4FA14" box="[334,501,1471,1493]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">Argiope hoiseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21A8A4AFF9AFFE1C225FA773812FA15" box="[515,579,1471,1492]" pageId="5" pageNumber="134" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF9AFFE1C225FA773812FA15" bold="true" box="[515,579,1471,1492]" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
1, Dorsal view of holotype female (UIR181018-AHOI1) and linear-type web stabilimentum. 2, Ventral view. 3, Egg sac. 4, Gravid female (paratype UIR081216-AHOI4) in resting position. 5, Young female cleaning its fangs (paratype UIR040815-AHOI2).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE2EB23FF9AFFE1C0E1F9F13F70F9B7" blockId="5.[151,1437,1593,2015]" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF9AFFE1C0E1F9F13B6EF993" bold="true" box="[199,319,1593,1618]" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">Variation.</emphasis>
|
||
The body length of all specimens ranges between
|
||
<quantity id="4CA546C6FF9AFFE1C35BF9F13985F990" box="[893,980,1593,1618]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.7" pageId="5" pageNumber="134" unit="mm" value="5.7">5.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
and
|
||
<quantity id="4CA546C6FF9AFFE1C42AF9F23E32F990" box="[1036,1123,1594,1618]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="134" unit="mm" value="8.2">8.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n= 5). The examination of other
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E65581FF9AFFE1C0F1F9973B13F9B6" box="[215,322,1631,1655]" pageId="5" pageNumber="134" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
indicate a color variation between individuals, ranging from brown to yellowish-brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C347B8A8FF9AFFE1C0E1F9493ED5F8B3" pageId="5" pageNumber="134" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE2EB23FF9AFFE1C0E1F9493E9BF95B" blockId="5.[151,1437,1593,2015]" box="[199,1226,1665,1690]" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF9AFFE1C0E1F9493B31F95B" bold="true" box="[199,352,1665,1690]" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Known only from
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E65581FF9AFFE1C211F94A3836F95B" box="[567,615,1666,1690]" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">type</typeStatus>
|
||
localities of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499925C1FF9AFFE1C2DEF9493969F95B" box="[760,824,1665,1690]" country="Malaysia" name="Perak" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">Perak</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499925C1FF9AFFE1C348F9493982F95B" box="[878,979,1665,1690]" country="Malaysia" name="Selangor" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">Selangor</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Peninsular
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34AABB3FF9AFFE1C47AF9493E97F95B" box="[1116,1222,1665,1690]" name="Malaysia" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE2EB23FF9AFFE1C0E1F96D3ED5F8B3" blockId="5.[151,1437,1593,2015]" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF9AFFE1C0E1F96D3BD7F97F" bold="true" box="[199,390,1701,1726]" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">Natural history.</emphasis>
|
||
Specimens were found near rivers in disturbed forests. Adult females built tiny webs (~
|
||
<quantity id="4CA546C6FF9AFFE1C554F96E3A8DF920" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="134" unit="cm" value="25.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="20.0">20– 30 cm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter) with linear-type stabilimenta at elevations of at least two meters above ground- a phenomenon not generally observed in other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF9AFFE1C225F926380CF8C4" authorityName="Audouin" authorityYear="1826" box="[515,605,1774,1797]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF9AFFE1C225F926380CF8C4" box="[515,605,1774,1797]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">Argiope</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species. Webs were generally built close (<
|
||
<quantity id="4CA546C6FF9AFFE1C472F9263EDFF8C7" box="[1108,1166,1774,1798]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="134" unit="cm" value="3.0">3 cm</quantity>
|
||
) to a vertical plane e.g. tree trunk (n= 1) or sign board (n= 4). Egg sacs conical with a somewhat hexagonal base. Younger females appeared to display more vibrant yellow color that likely fades with age. Males not observed. The breeding season of the species is likely between August to January when rain is abundant in the peninsula.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C347B8A8FF9AFFE3C0E1F8B53EAEFE81" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="136" pageId="5" pageNumber="134" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE2EB23FF9AFFE2C0E1F8B53B15FE46" blockId="5.[151,1437,1593,2015]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1436,151,392]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="135" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF9AFFE1C0E1F8B53BCDF857" bold="true" box="[199,412,1917,1942]" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">Genetic Analyses.</emphasis>
|
||
The 16S, COI, COII and H3A DNA markers were successfully amplified and sequenced for all specimens (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6DFDE98FF9AFFE1C142F8693BE9F87B" box="[356,440,1953,1978]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[147,225,554,574]" captionText="TABLE 1. Details of samples used in this study." pageId="5" pageNumber="134">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). Similar results were obtained for the nuclear 18S marker with the exception of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF9AFFE1C565F86A3AAEF81F" authorityName="Thorell" authorityYear="1881" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulchella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF9AFFE1C565F86A3AAEF81F" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="134">Argiope pulchella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
APUL1 which failed to yield any DNA amplification. The final DNA alignment lengths of the 16S, COI, COII, H3A and 18S markers were 461 bp, 521 bp, 414 bp, 336 bp and 874 bp, respectively. The data partitions and substitution models used for phylogenetic inference are summarized in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6DFDE98FF99FFE2C3EDFF743E72FF15" box="[971,1059,188,213]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,239,364,387]" captionText="TABLE 2. Summary of data partitions and substitution models used for phylogenetic reconstruction of the 16S+COI+COII+H3A+18S dataset" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
. The 16S+COI+COII+H3A+18S phylogenetic tree (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1366F7A6FF99FFE2C14DFF173BECFF39" box="[363,445,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1178,1200]" captionTargetBox="[176,1417,217,1135]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1157]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 13. Bayesian tree based on the concatenated 16S+COI+COII+H3A+18S dataset of samples used in this study. Numeric values at nodes arranged in an order of Ultrafast ML bootstrap support ǀ Bayesian posterior probability. Abbreviations: CB, Cambodia; ID, Indonesia; MY, Malaysia; SG, Singapore." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457637/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
) best represented the phylogeny of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF99FFE2C371FF2839E1FF36" authorityName="Audouin" authorityYear="1826" box="[855,944,224,247]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF99FFE2C371FF2839E1FF36" box="[855,944,224,247]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">Argiope</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and is discussed here. Also included is the COI+COII+H3A tree (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1366F7A6FF99FFE2C1BEFECC3BBBFEDD" box="[408,490,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1302,1324]" captionTargetBox="[164,1428,215,1250]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,193,1265]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 14. Bayesian tree based on the concatenated COI+COII+H3A dataset including GenBank sequences. Numeric values at nodes arranged in an order of Ultrafast ML bootstrap support ǀ Bayesian posterior probability. Abbreviations: CB, Cambodia; ID, Indonesia; MY, Malaysia; SG, Singapore." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457639/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
||
) which incorporated relevant DNA sequences from GenBank (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6DFDE98FF99FFE2C494FECC3F56FEDD" box="[1202,1287,260,285]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[147,225,554,574]" captionText="TABLE 1. Details of samples used in this study." pageId="6" pageNumber="135">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). Other trees (16S, COI, COII, COI+COII and 16S+COI+COII+H3A etc.) are available upon request. All phylogenetic trees displayed similar topology– a clear delineation between Argiopinae and the outgroups of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF99FFE2C4C4FE843F34FEA5" box="[1250,1381,332,356]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Cyrtophora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF99FFE2C4C4FE843F34FEA5" box="[1250,1381,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">Cyrtophora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF99FFE2C0B1FEB83B6CFE49" authorityName="Sundevall" authorityYear="1833" box="[151,317,368,392]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Gasteracantha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF99FFE2C0B1FEB83B6CFE49" box="[151,317,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">Gasteracantha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF22BBABFF99FFE2C0B1FADA39DAFAA7" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457635/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" startId="6.[151,264,1298,1321]" targetBox="[331,1232,455,1249]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE2EB23FF99FFE2C0B1FADA39DAFAA7" blockId="6.[151,1437,1298,1382]" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF99FFE2C0B1FADA3B1CFAE9" bold="true" box="[151,333,1298,1321]" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">FIGURES 6–12.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF99FFE2C17CFADB3851FAE8" authority="Tan, 2018" authorityName="Tan" authorityYear="2018" box="[346,512,1299,1321]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hoiseni" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF99FFE2C17CFADB3851FAE8" box="[346,512,1299,1321]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">Argiope hoiseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21A8A4AFF99FFE2C22BFADB381CFAE9" box="[525,589,1299,1320]" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF99FFE2C22BFADB381CFAE9" bold="true" box="[525,589,1299,1320]" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, female. 6, Dorsal habitus. 7, Ventral habitus. 8, Epigynum, ventral view. 9, Posteroventral view. 10, Lateral view. 11, Posterior view showing copulatory openings (arrows). 12, Dorsal view. Abbreviations: FD, fertilization duct. Scale bars, 6–7, 1mm; 8–12, 0.1mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE2EB23FF99FFE2C0E1FA5B3E58F9D9" blockId="6.[151,1436,1427,2028]" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">
|
||
Based on the 16S+COI+COII+H3A+18S tree (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1366F7A6FF99FFE2C2F9FA5B3962FA6A" box="[735,819,1427,1452]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1178,1200]" captionTargetBox="[176,1417,217,1135]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1157]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 13. Bayesian tree based on the concatenated 16S+COI+COII+H3A+18S dataset of samples used in this study. Numeric values at nodes arranged in an order of Ultrafast ML bootstrap support ǀ Bayesian posterior probability. Abbreviations: CB, Cambodia; ID, Indonesia; MY, Malaysia; SG, Singapore." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457637/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
), Argiopinae was inferred to be monophyletic (BS 97 %, PP 1.00) with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF99FFE2C147FA703863FA0E" baseAuthorityName="Thorell" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[353,562,1463,1487]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Neogea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nocticolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF99FFE2C147FA703863FA0E" box="[353,562,1463,1487]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">Neogea nocticolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sister to all remaining taxa.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF99FFE2C351FA703E5BFA0E" authorityName="C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1843" box="[887,1034,1464,1487]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Gea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF99FFE2C351FA703E5BFA0E" box="[887,1034,1464,1487]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">Gea spinipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was shown to be paraphyletic with respect to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF99FFE2C12BFA133B37FA33" authorityName="Audouin" authorityYear="1826" box="[269,358,1499,1522]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF99FFE2C12BFA133B37FA33" box="[269,358,1499,1522]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">Argiope</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(BS 65 %, PP 0.95). This phenomenon was observed in all concatenated datasets used in this study, although the precise evolutionary lineage of the species was unresolved.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE2EB23FF99FFE2C0E1F9EB3E2DF8D5" blockId="6.[151,1436,1427,2028]" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF99FFE2C0E1F9EB3B28F9FA" baseAuthorityName="Walckenaer" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[199,377,1571,1595]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aemula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF99FFE2C0E1F9EB3B28F9FA" box="[199,377,1571,1595]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">Argiope aemula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was sister to the remaining
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF99FFE2C296F9EB3958F9FB" authorityName="Audouin" authorityYear="1826" box="[688,777,1571,1594]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF99FFE2C296F9EB3958F9FB" box="[688,777,1571,1594]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">Argiope</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species which were divided into two major clades A and B (BS 73 %, PP 0.70). Clade A (BS 73 %, PP 0.70) was comprised of subclades A1 (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF99FFE2C440F98F3E88F99E" authorityName="Tan" authorityYear="2018" box="[1126,1241,1607,1631]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hoiseni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF99FFE2C440F98F3E88F99E" box="[1126,1241,1607,1631]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">A. hoiseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF99FFE2C4CFF98F3F22F99E" authorityName="Thorell" authorityYear="1881" box="[1257,1395,1607,1631]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulchella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF99FFE2C4CFF98F3F22F99E" box="[1257,1395,1607,1631]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">A. pulchella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF99FFE2C5A2F98F3B58F942" baseAuthorityName="Doleschall" baseAuthorityYear="1859" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="versicolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF99FFE2C5A2F98F3B58F942" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">A. versicolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF99FFE2C167F9A33BACF942" authorityName="Yin, Peng & Wang" authorityYear="1994" box="[321,509,1643,1667]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jinghongensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF99FFE2C167F9A33BACF942" box="[321,509,1643,1667]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">A. jinghongensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (BS 83 %, PP 0.96) and A2 (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF99FFE2C37DF9A339E2F942" authorityName="Jager & Praxaysombath" authorityYear="2009" box="[859,947,1643,1667]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dang">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF99FFE2C37DF9A339E2F942" box="[859,947,1643,1667]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">A. dang</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF99FFE2C3E4F9A33E66F942" authorityName="Koh" authorityYear="1991" box="[962,1079,1643,1667]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mangal">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF99FFE2C3E4F9A33E66F942" box="[962,1079,1643,1667]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">A. mangal</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF99FFE2C449F9A33EBCF942" authorityName="Thorell" authorityYear="1881" box="[1135,1261,1643,1667]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="modesta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF99FFE2C449F9A33EBCF942" box="[1135,1261,1643,1667]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">A. modesta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (BS 92 %, PP 1.00).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF99FFE2C0F9F9473BC1F966" authorityName="Tan" authorityYear="2018" box="[223,400,1679,1703]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hoiseni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF99FFE2C0F9F9473BC1F966" box="[223,400,1679,1703]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">Argiope hoiseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF99FFE2C1E0F947381CF966" authorityName="Thorell" authorityYear="1881" box="[454,589,1679,1703]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulchella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF99FFE2C1E0F947381CF966" box="[454,589,1679,1703]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">A. pulchella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
APUL1 were inferred to be sister to each other (BS 99 %, PP 1.00), and all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF99FFE2C0B1F97B3B59F90A" authorityName="Tan" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,264,1715,1739]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hoiseni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF99FFE2C0B1F97B3B59F90A" box="[151,264,1715,1739]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">A. hoiseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens were monophyletic (ML = 99.6 %; BI = 1.00). Genetic variation was apparent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF99FFE2C50DF97B3FCDF90A" authorityName="Tan" authorityYear="2018" box="[1323,1436,1715,1739]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hoiseni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF99FFE2C50DF97B3FCDF90A" box="[1323,1436,1715,1739]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">A. hoiseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
despite specimens being mostly collected from the state of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499925C1FF99FFE2C310F91F39CAF931" box="[822,923,1751,1776]" country="Malaysia" name="Selangor" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">Selangor</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Peninsular
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34AABB3FF99FFE2C403F91F3EDEF931" box="[1061,1167,1751,1776]" name="Malaysia" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Clade B (BS 51 %, PP 0.68) which consists of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF99FFE2C184F933384BF8D2" authorityName="Thorell" authorityYear="1877" box="[418,538,1787,1811]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chloreis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF99FFE2C184F933384BF8D2" box="[418,538,1787,1811]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">A. chloreis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF99FFE2C20EF93338EBF8D2" baseAuthorityName="Doleschall" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[552,698,1787,1811]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reinwardti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF99FFE2C20EF93338EBF8D2" box="[552,698,1787,1811]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">A. reinwardti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF99FFE2C2D7F93339DAF8D2" box="[753,907,1787,1811]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="doleschalli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF99FFE2C2D7F93339DAF8D2" box="[753,907,1787,1811]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">A. doleschalli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was poorly resolved.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE2EB23FF99FFE2C0E1F8D7393CF82D" blockId="6.[151,1436,1427,2028]" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">
|
||
The COI+COII+H3A phylogenetic tree (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1366F7A6FF99FFE2C289F8D73959F8F6" box="[687,776,1823,1848]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1302,1324]" captionTargetBox="[164,1428,215,1250]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,193,1265]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 14. Bayesian tree based on the concatenated COI+COII+H3A dataset including GenBank sequences. Numeric values at nodes arranged in an order of Ultrafast ML bootstrap support ǀ Bayesian posterior probability. Abbreviations: CB, Cambodia; ID, Indonesia; MY, Malaysia; SG, Singapore." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457639/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
||
) incorporated
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF99FFE2C39DF8D73EDDF8F9" authority="GenBank" authorityName="GenBank" box="[955,1164,1823,1848]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF99FFE2C39DF8D73E45F8F7" box="[955,1044,1823,1846]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">Argiope</emphasis>
|
||
GenBank
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
DNA sequences from Southeast Asia. The topology of the inferred tree was similar to that of the previous tree but with generally lower nodal supports. Notable differences include: (i)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF99FFE2C28AF8AF3916F8BE" box="[684,839,1895,1919]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="doleschalli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF99FFE2C28AF8AF3916F8BE" box="[684,839,1895,1919]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">A. doleschalli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as the basal group of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF99FFE2C442F8AF3EECF8BF" box="[1124,1213,1895,1918]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF99FFE2C442F8AF3EECF8BF" box="[1124,1213,1895,1918]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">Argiope</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ingroup and (ii) the clustering of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF99FFE2C112F8433BFBF862" baseAuthorityName="Walckenaer" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[308,426,1931,1955]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aemula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF99FFE2C112F8433BFBF862" box="[308,426,1931,1955]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">A. aemula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF99FFE2C19BF8433806F862" baseAuthorityName="Doleschall" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[445,599,1931,1955]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="catenulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF99FFE2C19BF8433806F862" box="[445,599,1931,1955]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">A. catenulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF99FFE2C24CF84338B6F862" authorityName="Thorell" authorityYear="1877" box="[618,743,1931,1955]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chloreis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF99FFE2C24CF84338B6F862" box="[618,743,1931,1955]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">A. chloreis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF99FFE2C301F84339ECF862" authorityName="C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1843" box="[807,957,1931,1955]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Gea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF99FFE2C301F84339ECF862" box="[807,957,1931,1955]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">Gea spinipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in a poorly supported clade. It is worth mentioning that the COII tree (available upon request) suggested some genetic relation between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF99FFE2C4FFF8673F1BF806" authorityName="Tan" authorityYear="2018" box="[1241,1354,1967,1991]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hoiseni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF99FFE2C4FFF8673F1BF806" box="[1241,1354,1967,1991]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">A. hoiseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and an
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF99FFE2C0B1F81B3B50F82A" baseAuthorityName="Walckenaer" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[151,257,2003,2027]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luzona">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF99FFE2C0B1F81B3B50F82A" box="[151,257,2003,2027]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">A. luzona</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(GenBank accession
|
||
<accessionNumber id="940E76C0FF99FFE2C1D2F81B3822F82D" box="[500,627,2003,2028]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/GU353224" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">GU353224</accessionNumber>
|
||
) from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34AABB3FF99FFE2C2CEF81B393BF82D" box="[744,874,2003,2028]" name="Philippines" pageId="6" pageNumber="135">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE2EB23FF98FFE3C0E1FF5F3EAEFE81" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,320]" pageId="7" pageNumber="136">
|
||
The uncorrected “p” distance (%) between selected, representative samples of selected
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF98FFE3C487FF503EAAFF6E" box="[1185,1275,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="136">Arigope</emphasis>
|
||
species based on the 16S+COI+COII+H3A dataset is summarized in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6DFDE98FF98FFE3C329FF743937FF15" box="[783,870,188,213]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="8.[147,226,630,651]" captionText="TABLE 3. Uncorrected “p” distance (%) between selected Arigope species based on the 16S+COI+COII+H3A dataset." pageId="7" pageNumber="136">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||
. All values of genetic distance used hereafter are based on this dataset unless stated otherwise. A genetic distance (GD) of 5.22–5.97 % was recorded between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF98FFE3C5A2FF283AB9FEDD" authorityName="Tan" authorityYear="2018" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hoiseni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF98FFE3C5A2FF283AB9FEDD" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="136">A. hoiseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF98FFE3C104FECC3BE2FEDD" box="[290,435,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="136">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF98FFE3C104FECC3BFEFEDD" authorityName="Thorell" authorityYear="1881" box="[290,431,260,284]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulchella">A. pulchella</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The genetic difference between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF98FFE3C30CFECC39CDFEDD" authorityName="Tan" authorityYear="2018" box="[810,924,260,284]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hoiseni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF98FFE3C30CFECC39CDFEDD" box="[810,924,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="136">A. hoiseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF98FFE3C3F0FECC3EC2FEDD" authorityName="Yin, Peng & Wang" authorityYear="1994" box="[982,1171,260,284]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jinghongensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF98FFE3C3F0FECC3EC2FEDD" box="[982,1171,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="136">A. jinghongensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was 4.87–5.91 %. The intraspecific variation between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D90A0FF98FFE3C1D1FEE03836FE81" authorityName="Tan" authorityYear="2018" box="[503,615,296,320]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Argiope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hoiseni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9293731FF98FFE3C1D1FEE03836FE81" box="[503,615,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="136">A. hoiseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens collected in the present study was 0.87–3.59 %.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |