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<document id="E7B3BC6796FCEEA4F79F73D5720B54D1" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2024.962.2683" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-ZooBank="40171C5B-90EB-4641-91FF-EA8CA2C60D23" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1729183243575" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ramos-Sánchez, Mariela" docDate="2024" docId="03F2DF380252FFA2FE264D90FECB7C83" docLanguage="en" docName="EJT.2024.962.1-67.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 962 (1)" docSource="https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2683/12419" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Paraplanocera angeli Soutullo, Cuadrado &amp; Norena 2021" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="26" masterDocId="FFCBA740024AFFBBFF994B10FFC27830" masterDocTitle="The polyclads (Platyhelminthes: Polycladida) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific: Commented checklist and description of a new species" masterLastPageNumber="67" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="25" updateTime="1729183522411" updateUser="GgImagineBatch" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="AD7A6A2C8EA5D3C072137E931D6A3ACF">The polyclads (Platyhelminthes: Polycladida) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific: Commented checklist and description of a new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="766EDA31152962060191FB51A9526C83">Ramos-Sánchez, Mariela</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="832773532242F6386E2C5C73B898119B">Doctorado en Ciencias Biológico Agropecuarias, Área Ciencias Biológico Agropecuaria y Pesquera, Ciudad de la cultura “ Amado Nervo ”, Tepic, Nayarit, 63000, Mexico. &amp; Laboratorio de Sistemática de Invertebrados Marinos (LABSIM), Universidad del Mar, campus Puerto Ángel, Ciudad Universitaria, Puerto Ángel, Oaxaca, 70902, Mexico.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="F36566F5A711E2BE76CB747FF82269B7">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="5A86CC30548387F579DDBB4176E9D48D">2024</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03F2DF380252FFA2FE264D90FECB7C83" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F2DF380252FFA2FE264D90FECB7C83" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F2DF380252FFA2FE264D90FECB7C83" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<subSubSection id="C3413DA50252FFA3FE264D90FBB77EAB" box="[447,1141,1664,1691]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE46E2E0252FFA3FE264D90FBB77EAB" blockId="24.[447,1141,1664,1691]" box="[447,1141,1664,1691]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<heading id="D0ACD9420252FFA3FE264D90FBB77EAB" box="[447,1141,1664,1691]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C5B15AD0252FFA3FE264D90FBB77EAB" ID-CoL="9GCSB" authority="Soutullo, Cuadrado &amp; Norena, 2021" authorityName="Soutullo, Cuadrado &amp; Norena" authorityYear="2021" box="[447,1141,1664,1691]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="angeli">
<emphasis id="B92FB23C0252FFA3FE264D90FD067EAB" bold="true" box="[447,708,1664,1691]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Paraplanocera angeli</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA13DF0252FFA3FD554D91FBB77EAB" author="Soutullo P. &amp; Cuadrado D. &amp; Norena C." box="[716,1141,1665,1691]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="363 - 381" refId="ref32655" refString="Soutullo P., Cuadrado D. &amp; Norena C. 2021. First study of the Polycladida (Rhabditophora, Platyhelminthes) from the Pacific Coast of Costa Rica. Zootaxa 4964 (2): 363 - 381. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4964.2.7" type="journal article" year="2021">Soutullo, Cuadrado &amp; Noreña, 2021</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="8BE46E2E0252FFA3FF244DD1FC027ECD" blockId="24.[189,1398,1729,1790]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4B49000252FFA3FF244DD1FC027ECD" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<treatmentCitation id="0AFA483F0252FFA3FF244DD1FCFA7EEB" author="Soutullo P. &amp; Cuadrado D. &amp; Norena C." box="[189,824,1729,1756]" page="369" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" year="2021">
<taxonomicName id="4C5B15AD0252FFA3FF244DD1FCFA7EEB" ID-CoL="9GCSB" authority="Soutullo et al., 2021: 368 - 369" authorityName="Soutullo" authorityPageNumber="368 - 369" authorityYear="2021" box="[189,824,1729,1756]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="angeli">
<emphasis id="B92FB23C0252FFA3FF244DD1FE037EEB" box="[189,449,1729,1755]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Paraplanocera angeli</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA13DF0252FFA3FE554DD1FCFA7EEB" author="Soutullo P. &amp; Cuadrado D. &amp; Norena C." box="[460,824,1729,1756]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="363 - 381" refId="ref32655" refString="Soutullo P., Cuadrado D. &amp; Norena C. 2021. First study of the Polycladida (Rhabditophora, Platyhelminthes) from the Pacific Coast of Costa Rica. Zootaxa 4964 (2): 363 - 381. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4964.2.7" type="journal article" year="2021">
Soutullo
<emphasis id="B92FB23C0252FFA3FDAF4DD2FDB17EEB" box="[566,627,1729,1755]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al.</emphasis>
, 2021: 368–369
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 3b–d (
<typeStatus id="54E0D08C0252FFA3FC584DD1FC377EEB" box="[961,1013,1729,1755]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">type</typeStatus>
locality: Playa Langosta Beach, Las Baulas National Marine Park of
<collectingRegion id="499FA0CC0252FFA3FD014DF4FCE07ECE" box="[664,802,1764,1790]" country="Costa Rica" name="Guanacaste" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Guanacaste</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F34C2EBE0252FFA3FCB74DF4FC717ECD" box="[814,947,1763,1790]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3413DA50252FFA3FF244C33FEE27FE9" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BE46E2E0252FFA3FF244C33FE947F0D" blockId="24.[189,342,1827,1853]" box="[189,342,1827,1853]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<heading id="D0ACD9420252FFA3FF244C33FE947F0D" bold="true" box="[189,342,1827,1853]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B92FB23C0252FFA3FF244C33FE947F0D" bold="true" box="[189,342,1827,1853]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE46E2E0252FFA3FF244C41FB5E7F5B" blockId="24.[189,1180,1873,1900]" box="[189,1180,1873,1900]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
Playa Langosta Beach, Las Baulas National Marine Park of
<collectingRegion id="499FA0CC0252FFA3FCE74C41FBCA7F5B" box="[894,1032,1873,1899]" country="Costa Rica" name="Guanacaste" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Guanacaste</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F34C2EBE0252FFA3FB8D4C41FB5A7F5B" box="[1044,1176,1873,1899]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE46E2E0252FFA3FF244C81FEDF7F9B" blockId="24.[189,285,1937,1963]" box="[189,285,1937,1963]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<heading id="D0ACD9420252FFA3FF244C81FEDF7F9B" bold="true" box="[189,285,1937,1963]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B92FB23C0252FFA3FF244C81FEDF7F9B" bold="true" box="[189,285,1937,1963]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Habitat</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE46E2E0252FFA3FF244CAFFEE27FE9" blockId="24.[189,288,1983,2009]" box="[189,288,1983,2009]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Benthic.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3413DA50253FFA2FF244A19FECB7C83" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BE46E2E0253FFA2FF244A19FEED7913" blockId="25.[189,303,265,291]" box="[189,303,265,291]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<heading id="D0ACD9420253FFA2FF244A19FEED7913" bold="true" box="[189,303,265,291]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B92FB23C0253FFA2FF244A19FEED7913" bold="true" box="[189,303,265,291]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE46E2E0253FFA2FF244A26FE777986" blockId="25.[188,1399,310,438]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA13DF0253FFA2FF244A26FE207960" author="Prudhoe S." box="[189,482,310,337]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="195 - 202" refId="ref31673" refString="Prudhoe S. 1945. XIX. - On the species of the polyclad genus Paraplanocera. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 11 12 (87): 195 - 202. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222934508527505" type="journal article" year="1945">Prudhoe (1945: 197–198</bibRefCitation>
, figs 1–2) divided the genus into two groups based on the internal morphology of the male reproductive system and thereby reduced the genus to three species (
<taxonomicName id="4C5B15AD0253FFA2FBCA4A49FEC379A5" authority="(Schmarda, 1859)" baseAuthorityName="Schmarda" baseAuthorityYear="1859" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="oligoglena">
<emphasis id="B92FB23C0253FFA2FBCA4A49FB287942" box="[1107,1258,344,370]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. oligoglena</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA13DF0253FFA2FB6F4A48FF3B79A5" author="Schmarda L. K." pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refId="ref32457" refString="Schmarda L. K. 1859. Neue wirbellose Thiere beobachtet und gesammelt auf einer Reise um die Erde 1853 bis 1857. Erster Band (erste Halfte): Turbellarien, Rotatorien und Anneliden. Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 45359791 [accessed 2 Aug, 2023]." type="url" year="1859">Schmarda, 1859</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5B15AD0253FFA2FE894A6BFDE879A4" authority="Laidlaw, 1903" authorityName="Laidlaw" authorityYear="1903" box="[272,554,378,404]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="aurora">
<emphasis id="B92FB23C0253FFA2FE894A6BFEBE79A4" box="[272,380,379,404]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. aurora</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA13DF0253FFA2FE1A4A6AFDE879A4" author="Laidlaw F. F." box="[387,554,378,404]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="301 - 318" refId="ref30117" refString="Laidlaw F. F. 1903. On a collection of Turbellaria Polycladida from the Straits of Malacca. (Skeat Expedition 1899 - 1900). Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1903: 301 - 318. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 31598909 [accessed 2 Aug. 2023]." type="book chapter" year="1903">Laidlaw, 1903</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C5B15AD0253FFA2FDF04A6BFC5879A4" authority="Meyer, 1922" authorityName="Meyer" authorityYear="1922" box="[617,922,378,405]" family="Callioplanidae" genus="Callioplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="marginata">
<emphasis id="B92FB23C0253FFA2FDF04A6BFD3C79A4" box="[617,766,379,404]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. marginata</emphasis>
Meyer, 1922
</taxonomicName>
), these groups were characterized by the following characters:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE46E2E0253FFA2FF244ACEFE397A0E" blockId="25.[189,1399,478,680]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Group 1: Cirrus cavity lined with numerous spines (comparatively they are largest near the male atrium); the spermiducal duct (= the seminal vesicle canals) opens into the ventral wall of the prostatic vesicle.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE46E2E0253FFA2FF244958FE6F7A98" blockId="25.[189,1399,478,680]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Group 2: Cirrus cavity lined with numerous small spines with a pair of conspicuous sclerotized projections (teeth); the spermiducal duct opens into the prostatic duct just before entering the cirrus sac.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE46E2E0253FFA2FF2449C0FECB7C83" blockId="25.[187,1400,719,1203]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
However, Hyman (1955b) and
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA13DF0253FFA2FDAB49DFFD187AD9" author="Faubel A." box="[562,730,719,745]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="17 - 121" refId="ref28888" refString="Faubel A. 1983. The Polycladida, Turbellaria proposal and establishment of a new system part I. The Acotylea. Mitteilungen des Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut 80: 17 - 121." type="journal article" year="1983">Faubel (1983)</bibRefCitation>
considered the criteria proposed by
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA13DF0253FFA2FB0849DFFA897ADA" author="Prudhoe S." box="[1169,1355,719,746]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="195 - 202" refId="ref31673" refString="Prudhoe S. 1945. XIX. - On the species of the polyclad genus Paraplanocera. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 11 12 (87): 195 - 202. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222934508527505" type="journal article" year="1945">Prudhoe (1945)</bibRefCitation>
for species reduction to be inadequate. They argued that these criteria lacked a thorough review of characters, presented unsatisfactory descriptions, and omitted certain features, in particular the presence or absence of accessory prostatic vesicles and the glandular pouch of the male atrium. The latter character was used by
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA13DF0253FFA2FF79484DFEAF7B46" author="Kato K." box="[224,365,860,887]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="21 - 29" refId="ref29981" refString="Kato K. 1936. Notes on Paraplanocera. Japanese Journal of Zoology 7: 21 - 29." type="journal article" year="1936">Kato (1936)</bibRefCitation>
to divide the species of the genus into two groups (
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA13DF0253FFA2FC24484CFBA47B47" author="Prudhoe S." box="[957,1126,860,887]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="195 - 202" refId="ref31673" refString="Prudhoe S. 1945. XIX. - On the species of the polyclad genus Paraplanocera. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 11 12 (87): 195 - 202. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222934508527505" type="journal article" year="1945">Prudhoe 1945</bibRefCitation>
). Consequently,
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA13DF0253FFA2FABF484CFEC97BA9" author="Faubel A." pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="17 - 121" refId="ref28888" refString="Faubel A. 1983. The Polycladida, Turbellaria proposal and establishment of a new system part I. The Acotylea. Mitteilungen des Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut 80: 17 - 121." type="journal article" year="1983">Faubel (1983)</bibRefCitation>
validated ten species for the genus (
<taxonomicName id="4C5B15AD0253FFA2FD2A4890FC8E7BA9" baseAuthorityName="Schmarda" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[691,844,895,921]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="oligoglena">
<emphasis id="B92FB23C0253FFA2FD2A4890FC8E7BA9" box="[691,844,895,921]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. oligoglena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5B15AD0253FFA2FCC34890FC057BA9" authorityName="Laidlaw" authorityYear="1903" box="[858,967,896,921]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="aurora">
<emphasis id="B92FB23C0253FFA2FCC34890FC057BA9" box="[858,967,896,921]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. aurora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5B15AD0253FFA2FC4C4890FB2F7BA9" authority="(Willey, 1897)" baseAuthorityName="Willey" baseAuthorityYear="1897" box="[981,1261,895,921]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="discus">
<emphasis id="B92FB23C0253FFA2FC4C4890FBF87BA9" box="[981,1082,895,921]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. discus</emphasis>
(Willey, 1897)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5B15AD0253FFA2FB614890FEA07B8D" authority="Hyman, 1959" authorityName="Hyman" authorityYear="1959" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="fritillata">
<emphasis id="B92FB23C0253FFA2FB614890FAB57BA9" box="[1272,1399,895,921]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. fritillata</emphasis>
Hyman, 1959
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5B15AD0253FFA2FEEA48B3FD247B8D" authority="(Laidlaw, 1902)" baseAuthorityName="Laidlaw" baseAuthorityYear="1902" box="[371,742,930,957]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="subSpecies" species="langii" subSpecies="angi">
<emphasis id="B92FB23C0253FFA2FEEA48B3FDDA7B8C" box="[371,536,930,956]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. langii angi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA13DF0253FFA2FDB548B2FD1F7B8D" author="Laidlaw F. F." box="[556,733,930,957]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="282 - 312" refId="ref30063" refString="Laidlaw F. F. 1902. The marine Turbellaria, with an account of the anatomy of some of the species. In: Gardiner J. S. (ed.) The Fauna and Geography of the Malvide and Laccadive Archipelagoes: 282 - 312. University Press, Cambridge." type="book chapter" year="1902">Laidlaw, 1902</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5B15AD0253FFA2FD6F48B3FC4D7B8C" authorityName="Meyer" authorityYear="1922" box="[758,911,931,956]" family="Callioplanidae" genus="Callioplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="marginata">
<emphasis id="B92FB23C0253FFA2FD6F48B3FC4D7B8C" box="[758,911,931,956]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. marginata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5B15AD0253FFA2FC3B48B3FAB37B8D" authority="Yeri &amp; Kaburaki, 1918" authorityName="Yeri &amp; Kaburaki" authorityYear="1918" box="[930,1393,930,957]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="misakiensis">
<emphasis id="B92FB23C0253FFA2FC3B48B3FB887B8C" box="[930,1098,930,956]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. misakiensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA13DF0253FFA2FBCF48B2FAB37B8D" author="Yeri M. &amp; Kaburaki T." box="[1110,1393,930,957]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="1 - 54" refId="ref33394" refString="Yeri M. &amp; Kaburaki T. 1918. Description of some Japanese polyclad Turbellaria. Journal of the College of Science, Tokio Imperical University 39 (9): 1 - 54. Available from https: // biostor. org / reference / 144400 [accessed 2 Aug. 2023]" type="journal article" year="1918">Yeri &amp; Kaburaki, 1918</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5B15AD0253FFA2FF2448D6FE3C7BD0" authority="(Hyman, 1953)" baseAuthorityName="Hyman" baseAuthorityYear="1953" box="[189,510,965,992]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Carenoceraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="oceanica">
<emphasis id="B92FB23C0253FFA2FF2448D6FE817BEF" box="[189,323,966,991]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. oceanica</emphasis>
(Hyman, 1953)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5B15AD0253FFA2FD9348D6FCB37BD0" authority="Laidlaw, 1903" authorityName="Laidlaw" authorityYear="1903" box="[522,881,966,992]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="rotumanensis">
<emphasis id="B92FB23C0253FFA2FD9348D6FD017BEF" box="[522,707,966,991]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. rotumanensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA13DF0253FFA2FD5348D6FCB37BD0" author="Laidlaw F. F." box="[714,881,966,992]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="301 - 318" refId="ref30117" refString="Laidlaw F. F. 1903. On a collection of Turbellaria Polycladida from the Straits of Malacca. (Skeat Expedition 1899 - 1900). Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1903: 301 - 318. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 31598909 [accessed 2 Aug. 2023]." type="book chapter" year="1903">Laidlaw, 1903</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C5B15AD0253FFA2FC3E48D6FB337BD0" authority="Kato, 1937" authorityName="Kato" authorityYear="1937" box="[935,1265,966,992]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="rubrisfasciata">
<emphasis id="B92FB23C0253FFA2FC3E48D6FBAA7BD0" box="[935,1128,966,992]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. rubrisfasciata</emphasis>
Kato, 1937
</taxonomicName>
). Recently, two new species have been added:
<taxonomicName id="4C5B15AD0253FFA2FDF748F9FB467C33" authority="(Soutullo et al. 2021)" baseAuthorityName="Soutullo" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[622,1156,1001,1027]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="angeli">
<emphasis id="B92FB23C0253FFA2FDF748F9FCB17C33" box="[622,883,1001,1027]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Paraplanocera angeli</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA13DF0253FFA2FC1F48F9FBBE7C33" author="Soutullo P. &amp; Cuadrado D. &amp; Norena C." box="[902,1148,1001,1027]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="363 - 381" refId="ref32655" refString="Soutullo P., Cuadrado D. &amp; Norena C. 2021. First study of the Polycladida (Rhabditophora, Platyhelminthes) from the Pacific Coast of Costa Rica. Zootaxa 4964 (2): 363 - 381. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4964.2.7" type="journal article" year="2021">
Soutullo
<emphasis id="B92FB23C0253FFA2FC6E48FAFBEC7C33" box="[1015,1070,1001,1027]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">et al</emphasis>
. 2021
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C5B15AD0253FFA2FB5C48F9FD0F7C16" authority="(Ramos-Sanchez et al. 2019)" baseAuthorityName="Ramos-Sanchez" baseAuthorityYear="2019" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="oligoglenoides">
<emphasis id="B92FB23C0253FFA2FB5C48F9FEA87C16" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Paraplanocera oligoglenoides</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA13DF0253FFA2FEE34F1CFD077C16" author="Ramos-Sanchez M. &amp; Bahia J. &amp; Bastida-Zavala J. R." box="[378,709,1036,1063]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="30 - 58" refId="ref32061" refString="Ramos-Sanchez M., Bahia J. &amp; Bastida-Zavala J. R. 2019. New genus, new species and new records of marine acotyleans flatworms (Platyhelminthes: Polycladida: Acotylea) from Oaxaca, southern Mexican Pacific. Zootaxa 4700 (1): 30 - 58. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4700.1.2" type="journal article" year="2019">
Ramos-Sánchez
<emphasis id="B92FB23C0253FFA2FDDB4F1DFDB47C16" box="[578,630,1036,1062]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">et al</emphasis>
. 2019
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
; however, the present study suggests a detailed review of the existing biological material for the described species in the genus together with the re-evaluation of each of the characteristics that define the species.
<taxonomicName id="4C5B15AD0253FFA2FCB04F42FBE97C5C" box="[809,1067,1106,1132]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="angeli">
<emphasis id="B92FB23C0253FFA2FCB04F42FBE97C5C" box="[809,1067,1106,1132]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Paraplanocera angeli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a translucent coloration pattern, a cirrus sac that lacks sclerotized adenoids, and a smooth, ciliated Lang’s vesicle (
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA13DF0253FFA2FB484F66FF3E7C83" author="Soutullo P. &amp; Cuadrado D. &amp; Norena C." pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="363 - 381" refId="ref32655" refString="Soutullo P., Cuadrado D. &amp; Norena C. 2021. First study of the Polycladida (Rhabditophora, Platyhelminthes) from the Pacific Coast of Costa Rica. Zootaxa 4964 (2): 363 - 381. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4964.2.7" type="journal article" year="2021">
Soutullo
<emphasis id="B92FB23C0253FFA2FAA54F66FAAC7CA0" box="[1340,1390,1142,1168]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">et al</emphasis>
. 2021
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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