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<mods:title id="CB1B4F3129EB3C4044AE1EA0B7438D56">The genital area of Halacaridae (Acari), life stages and development of morphological characters and implication on the classification</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FD593191F5FEBE5842F25770856716D7">Bartsch, Ilse</mods:namePart>
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<paragraph id="8BDE36F3FFFCFF85FF12A5E3FE0CFC90" blockId="23.[151,484,764,823]" box="[151,484,764,790]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">
<heading id="D096819FFFFCFF85FF12A5E3FE0CFC90" bold="true" box="[151,484,764,790]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C614D70FFFCFF85FF12A5E3FE0CFC90" authority="Newell, 1984" authorityName="Newell" authorityYear="1984" box="[151,484,764,790]" class="Arachnida" family="Halacaridae" genus="Mictognathus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B915EAE1FFFCFF85FF12A5E3FE0CFC90" bold="true" box="[151,484,764,790]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">
<emphasis id="B915EAE1FFFCFF85FF12A5E3FED7FC90" bold="true" box="[151,319,764,790]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">Mictognathus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B02FFFCFF85FEC3A5E3FE0CFC90" author="Newell" box="[326,484,764,790]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" refString="Newell, I. M. (1984) Antarctic Halacaroidea. Antarctic Research Series, 40, 1 - 284. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1029 / AR 040" type="journal article" year="1984">Newell, 1984</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BDE36F3FFFCFF85FF12A401FEA3FCB1" blockId="23.[151,484,764,823]" box="[151,331,798,823]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">(Fig. 65 and 66)</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C37B6578FFFCFF85FF12A479FDE2FA8D" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" type="materials_examined">
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<typeStatus id="54DA8851FFFCFF85FF12A479FF3AFCF9" box="[151,210,870,895]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">Type</typeStatus>
species.
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<taxonomicName id="4C614D70FFFCFF85FEBCA479FCFAFCF9" authority="Newell, 1984" authorityName="Newell" authorityYear="1984" box="[313,786,870,895]" class="Arachnida" family="Halacaridae" genus="Mictognathus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="werthelloides">
<emphasis id="B915EAE1FFFCFF85FEBCA479FD99FCF9" box="[313,625,870,895]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">Mictognathus werthelloides</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B02FFFCFF85FDFDA479FCFAFCF9" author="Newell" box="[632,786,870,895]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" refString="Newell, I. M. (1984) Antarctic Halacaroidea. Antarctic Research Series, 40, 1 - 284. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1029 / AR 040" type="journal article" year="1984">Newell, 1984</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<paragraph id="8BDE36F3FFFCFF85FF42A495FF01FB19" blockId="23.[151,1437,870,1543]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">
<emphasis id="B915EAE1FFFCFF85FF42A495FEF5FC25" bold="true" box="[199,285,906,931]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">Adults.</emphasis>
GP and AP fused in both female and male. Female GA with three (to four) pairs of pgs but no sgs. Ovipositor rather short, at rest slightly extending beyond GO. With three pairs of internal gac, anterior pair just anterior to level of mid-GO (Fig. 65). Genital spines short and spiniform, their number not known. Male GO somewhat smaller and distance to posterior margin of GP larger than in female. GP with about 1328 pairs of slender pgs, arranged rather densely around GO. Each genital sclerite with three short, seti- or spur-like sgs. Two pairs of internal gac in posterior half of GO (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B02FFFCFF85FD1CA321FC71FBD1" author="Newell" box="[665,921,1086,1111]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" refString="Newell, I. M. (1984) Antarctic Halacaroidea. Antarctic Research Series, 40, 1 - 284. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1029 / AR 040" type="journal article" year="1984">Newell 1984: fig. 592</bibRefCitation>
). According to
<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B02FFFCFF85FBCEA321FA70FBD1" author="Newell" box="[1099,1432,1086,1111]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" refString="Newell, I. M. (1984) Antarctic Halacaroidea. Antarctic Research Series, 40, 1 - 284. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1029 / AR 040" type="journal article" year="1984">Newell (1984: figs 593, 596)</bibRefCitation>
, AE of adults with epimeral pore-like structure, but epimeral pores not mentioned by
<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B02FFFCFF85FBF3A37DFAC5FBFD" author="Bartsch" box="[1142,1325,1122,1147]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" refString="Bartsch, I. (1992 a) Mictognathus secundus, a psammophilous halacarid mite (Acari: Halacaridae). Acarologia, 33, 85 - 89." type="journal article" year="1992" yearSuffix="a">Bartsch (1992a)</bibRefCitation>
and Otto (2001).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDE36F3FFFCFF85FF42A3B5FDE2FA8D" blockId="23.[151,1437,870,1543]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">
<emphasis id="B915EAE1FFFCFF85FF42A3B5FED4FB45" bold="true" box="[199,316,1194,1219]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">Juveniles.</emphasis>
At present only deutonymphal instar known. GP separated from AP; GP with two pairs of gac and one pair (Fig. 66; Bartsch 1992: p.89), one and a half or two pairs (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B02FFFCFF85FC3BA3D1FAF7FB61" author="Newell" box="[958,1311,1230,1255]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" refString="Newell, I. M. (1984) Antarctic Halacaroidea. Antarctic Research Series, 40, 1 - 284. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1029 / AR 040" type="journal article" year="1984" yearSuffix="p">Newell 1984: fig. 594, p. 215</bibRefCitation>
) of pgs in posterior part of GP; sgs lacking.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C37B6578FFFCFF85FF42A209FD36F981" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BDE36F3FFFCFF85FF42A209FB71FAA9" blockId="23.[151,1437,870,1543]" box="[199,1177,1302,1327]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">
<emphasis id="B915EAE1FFFCFF85FF42A209FED3FAA9" bold="true" box="[199,315,1302,1327]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">Remarks.</emphasis>
The three species known are from the southern hemisphere (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B02FFFCFF85FC60A209FB65FAA9" author="Bartsch" box="[997,1165,1302,1327]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" refString="Bartsch, I. (2009 a) Checklist of marine and freshwater halacarid mite genera and species (Halacaridae: Acari) with notes on synonyms, habitats, distribution and descriptions of the taxa. Zootaxa, 1998, 1 - 170." type="journal article" year="2009" yearSuffix="a">Bartsch 2009a</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDE36F3FFFCFF85FF42A225FD36F981" blockId="23.[151,1437,870,1543]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">
According to
<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B02FFFCFF85FEE3A225FDB7FAD5" author="Newell" box="[358,607,1338,1363]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" refString="Newell, I. M. (1984) Antarctic Halacaroidea. Antarctic Research Series, 40, 1 - 284. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1029 / AR 040" type="journal article" year="1984" yearSuffix="p">Newell (1984: p 215)</bibRefCitation>
the GP of the deutonymph bears two pairs of pgs, but according to the illustration (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B02FFFCFF85FEA7A241FDCDFAF1" author="Newell" box="[290,549,1374,1399]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" refString="Newell, I. M. (1984) Antarctic Halacaroidea. Antarctic Research Series, 40, 1 - 284. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1029 / AR 040" type="journal article" year="1984">Newell 1984: fig. 594</bibRefCitation>
) there is one seta in one half and two in the other. The two setae are in an unusual position, namely almost adjacent, whereas in the majority of halacarid nymphs with two pairs of perigenital setae these are widely separated (cf. Figs 4, 22, 35). The presence of two pairs of pgs is expected to represent an anomaly. Both deutonymphs studied by the author have a single pair of pgs, one of the deutonymphs is from about 57°S, 27°W, the other from 65°S, 64°W.
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